Academic literature on the topic 'Natural rubber composite'

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Journal articles on the topic "Natural rubber composite":

1

Petchsoongsakul, Thidarat, Peerapan Dittanet, Surapich Loykulnant, Chaveewan Kongkaew, and Paweena Prapainainar. "Synthesis of Natural Composite of Natural Rubber Filling Chitosan Nanoparticles." Key Engineering Materials 821 (September 2019): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.821.96.

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Mechanical properties of natural rubber composite were improved by adding chitosan nanoparticles in this work. The chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation method. The effect of chitosan nanoparticle content in natural rubber at 0, 3, 6 and 9 phr were studied. Size of the synthesized chitosan nanoparticles was 282 ± 96 nm. Natural rubber vulcanization was by electron irradiation at intensity 200 kGy. The morphology of composite was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties (tensile strength and modulus) were determined by tensile testing. The interaction of filler-rubber was illustrated by Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). It was found that chitosan nanoparticles was well dispersed within natural rubber matrix. The optimum filler content was affected to mechanicals properties of natural rubber composites. The chitosan nanoparticles at 3 phr in natural rubber composites was found to have the highest mechanical properties. The dispersion and immobilization of chitosan nanoparticles at 3 phr was the best among all loading. In addition, 3 phr chitosan nanoparticles / natural rubber composite had filler-rubber higher interaction than those of other loading.
2

Nakaramontri, Yeampon, Charoen Nakason, Claudia Kummerlöwe, and Norbert Vennemann. "INFLUENCE OF MODIFIED NATURAL RUBBER ON PROPERTIES OF NATURAL RUBBER–CARBON NANOTUBE COMPOSITES." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 88, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 199–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.14.85949.

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ABSTRACT Carbon nanotube (CNT)–filled natural rubber (NR) composites were prepared by using an internal mixer and a two-roll mill. Various types of NR, including unmodified NR, epoxidized NR (ENR), and maleated NR (MNR), were used. The chemical reactions between rubber molecules and functional groups on the CNT surface were characterized by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Cure characteristics, tensile properties, relaxation behavior, and electrical conductivity of the various gum rubbers and the CNT-filled rubber composites were investigated. It was found that the addition of CNTs significantly affected the composite properties. This is due not only to the excellent properties of the CNT itself but also to the physical and chemical interactions between modified rubber molecules and CNT surfaces. On comparison between the three types of NR, it was observed that the ENR-CNT composite showed the highest values of delta torque, tensile strength, and initial relaxation modulus. This confirms the homogeneous distribution of CNT particles in the ENR matrix, which in turn resulted from enhanced interactions of functional groups on CNT surfaces and epoxide groups in ENR molecules. Furthermore, electrical conductivity as a function of CNT content was examined to estimate the electrical percolation threshold value and to determine the state of dispersion of CNTs.
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Gümrük, Recep, Uğur Mazlum, and R. A. W. Mines. "COMPRESSIVE MECHANICAL BEHAVIORS OF HYBRID COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON MICRO LATTICE STRUCTURE AND RUBBERLIKE MATERIALS." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 88, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 147–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.14.86921.

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ABSTRACT This article investigates compressive and energy absorption characteristics for composites obtained by filling stainless steel micro lattice materials, manufactured via the selective laser melting method, with three different rubbers, including room temperature vulcanization silicone, natural rubber, and neoprene rubber. At the stage of building the composites with natural and neoprene rubbers, an experimental setup was designed for these two rubbers to be infiltrated into lattice spaces under vulcanization temperatures and high pressures. The results showed that the composites with silicone and neoprene matrix had a quite similar response as well as a seriously enhanced energy absorbing capacity and plateau stresses, in comparison with the corresponding lattice structures, for especially small sized lattice components. Also, the compression tests of the composite with natural rubber matrix clearly show that there should be no large differences between the individual mechanical properties of each component in the composite, and, in this way, the contribution of each component on the mechanical behavior of composite should be guaranteed to provide the satisfying performance.
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Roy, Kumarjyoti, Subhas Chandra Debnath, Aphiwat Pongwisuthiruchte, and Pranut Potiyaraj. "NATURAL RUBBER/MICROCRYSTALLINE CELLULOSE COMPOSITES WITH EPOXIDIZED NATURAL RUBBER AS COMPATIBILIZER." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 92, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 378–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.19.81533.

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ABSTRACT An exploration of the effect of epoxidized NR with 50 mole% epoxide groups (ENR-50) as compatibilizer on the rubber–filler interaction of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC)-filled NR composites was conducted. The compatibilizing efficiency of ENR-50 was systematically examined in terms of cure and mechanical and thermal properties of NR/MCC composites. ENR-50 compatibilized NR/MCC composites showed moderate enhancement in the maximum rheometric torque and tensile properties compared to either uncompatibilized NR/MCC composite or unfilled NR system. The solvent uptake measurements indicated improved interfacial interaction between NR matrix and MCC in presence of ENR-50 as compatibilizer. A thermogravimetric analysis confirmed excellent improvement in the thermal stability of NR/MCC composite in the presence of ENR-50 as compatibilizer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to explain the probable mechanism of interaction between NR matrix and MCC in the presence of ENR-50.
5

Choosang, N., and W. Smitthipong. "Study of nylon textile-reinforced natural rubber composite." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1234, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1234/1/012012.

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Abstract This study focuses on the production of nylon-reinforced natural rubber composites. In general, technical textiles serve as reinforcement and strength materials for a wide range of applications in rubber/textile composites. The adhesion between rubber and nylon is the most important factor affecting the assembly process and the strength of the finished product. The results showed that natural rubber reinforced with nylon textiles can be efficiently prepared by splicing a single layer of nylon fabric between two layers of rubber. The nylon textile-reinforced natural rubber composite was characterized by tensile testing machines and rubber curing characteristics, etc. The main result showed that the mechanical properties of rubber/nylon composites were higher than those of pure rubber. From the experimental results, it was found that nylon fabric can strengthen the natural rubber composite material for use with car tires.
6

Lee, Sung-Hun, Gun-Woo Park, Hee-Jun Kim, Kyungho Chung, and Keon-Soo Jang. "Effects of Filler Functionalization on Filler-Embedded Natural Rubber/Ethylene-Propylene-Diene Monomer Composites." Polymers 14, no. 17 (August 26, 2022): 3502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14173502.

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Natural rubber (NR) presents a number of advantages over other types of rubber but has poor resistance to chemicals and aging. The incorporation of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) into the NR matrix may be able to address this issue. Mineral fillers, such as carbon black (CB) and silica are routinely incorporated into various elastomers owing to their low cost, enhanced processability, good functionality, and high resistance to chemicals and aging. Other fillers have been examined as potential alternatives to CB and silica. In this study, phlogopite was surface-modified using 10 phr of compatibilizers, such as aminopropyltriethoxysilane (A1S), aminoethylaminopropyltrimethoxysilane (A2S), or 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (ES), and mixed with NR/EPDM blends. The effects of untreated and surface-treated phlogopite on the mechanical properties of the rubber blend were then compared with those of common fillers (CB and silica) for rubbers. The incorporation of surface-modified phlogopite into NR/EPDM considerably enhanced various properties. The functionalization of the phlogopite surface using silane-based matters (amino- and epoxide-functionalized) led to excellent compatibility between the rubber matrix and phlogopite, thereby improving diverse properties of the elastomeric composites, with effects analogous to those of CB. The tensile strength and elongation at break of the phlogopite-embedded NR/EPDM composite were lower than those of the CB-incorporated NR/EPDM composite by 30% and 10%, respectively. Among the prepared samples, the ES-functionalized phlogopite showed the best compatibility with the rubber matrix, exhibiting a tensile strength and modulus of composites that were 35% and 18% higher, respectively, compared with those of the untreated phlogopite-incorporated NR/EPDM composite. The ES-functionalized phlogopite/NR/EPDM showed similar strength and higher modulus (by 18%) to the CB/NR/EPDM rubber composite, despite slightly lower elongation at break and toughness. The results of rebound resilience and compression set tests indicated that the elasticity of the surface-modified phlogopite/NR/EPDM rubber composite was higher than that of the silica- and CB-reinforced composites. These improvements could be attributed to enhancements in the physical and chemical interactions among the rubber matrix, stearic acid, and functionalized (compatibilized) phlogopite. Therefore, the functionalized phlogopite can be utilized in a wide range of applications for rubber compounding.
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Dasaesamoh, Abedeen, Kittikhun Khotmungkhun, and Kittitat Subannajui. "Natural Rigid and Hard Plastic Fabricated from Elastomeric Degradation of Natural Rubber Composite with Ultra-High Magnesium Carbonate Content." Polymers 15, no. 14 (July 18, 2023): 3078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15143078.

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It is known that natural rubber is an elastomeric polymer; hence, the main uses are usually limited to soft applications. For the process to reverse the elastomeric effect of natural rubber to obtain rigid plastic from a natural material, an ultra-high amount of magnesium carbonate particles was added to the natural rubber to study the effect of magnesium carbonate in the reduction of elastomeric properties. High magnesium carbonate ratios of 80–180 phr were mixed in the natural rubber in the latex form to maximize the mixing capability since it was more difficult to achieve these mixture ratios with only two roll mill or extruder processes. The more magnesium carbonate powders in the composite, the higher torques were measured from the moving die rheometer (MDR) test. The powder was thoroughly mixed inside the composite, which was observed from energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX) mapping; however, the matrix of composites was filled with porosity due to the CO2 formation when latex with magnesium carbonate was assimilated with acid during the vulcanization process. The strength of the composite dropped, and the elongations were shortened. On the other hand, the hardness of composites was drastically increased. The composite lost the elastomeric property, and the hard natural rubber composites were obtained.
8

Zeng, Zong Qiang, He Ping Yu, Hong Chao Liu, Shuang Quan Liao, and Zheng Peng. "Fabrication of Rice Husk Ash/Natural Rubber Composite." Advanced Materials Research 393-395 (November 2011): 92–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.92.

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The preparation of rubber-based composite from agricultural by-product is the main trend to upgrade the performance of rubber and reduce the cost. In this work, the rice husk ash/natural rubber (RHA/NR) composites were prepared by latex mixing process using the RHA modified with rare earth coupling agent. The mechanical properties, dynamic mechanical properties, thermal stability and morphology of RHA/NR composites were analyzed by universal testing machine, dynamic mechanical analyzer, thermo gravimetric analyzer and scanning electron microscope. The results indicate that previous modification of RHA with rare earth coupling agent can improve the dispersion of RHA in NR matrix significantly and increase the interaction between RHA particles and NR matrix and thus upgrade the mechanical properties and anti-oxidative behaviors of RHA/NR composite. The RHA/NR composite of highest mechanical properties and anti-oxidative behaviors can be obtained with a RHA loading of 4 per hundred rubber.
9

Ren, Xianjie, Cindy S. Barrera, Janice L. Tardiff, Andres Gil, and Katrina Cornish. "Liquid Guayule Natural Rubber, a Sustainable Processing Aid, Enhances the Processability, Durability and Dynamic Mechanical Properties of Rubber Composites." Materials 15, no. 10 (May 18, 2022): 3605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15103605.

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Petroleum-based oils are widely used as processing aids in rubber composites to improve processability but can adversely affect rubber composite performance and increase carbon footprint. In this research, liquid guayule natural rubber (LGNR), produced from guayule natural rubber, was used as a renewable processing aid to replace naphthenic oil (NO) in Hevea natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and guayule natural rubber (GNR) composites. The rheological properties, thermal stability, glass transition temperature, dynamic mechanical properties, aging, and ozone resistance of rubber composites with and without NO or LGNR were compared. Natural and synthetic rubber composites made with LGNR had similar processability to those made with NO, but had improved thermal stability, mechanical properties after aging, and ozone resistance. This was due to the strong LGNR–filler interaction and additional crosslinks formed between LGNR and the rubber matrices. The glass transition temperature of SBR composites was reduced by LGNR because of its increased molecular mobility. Thus, unlike NO, LGNR processing aid can simultaneously improve rubber composite durability, dynamic performance and renewability. The commercialization of LGNR has the potential to open a new sustainable processing-aid market.
10

Leelawanachai, Wasan, Nattapol Dedruktip, and Nuchnapa Tangboriboon. "Energy-Absorption Ability of Embedding Whisker Alumina Fiber into Natural Rubber Composite for Insulation Applications." Materials Science Forum 987 (April 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.987.47.

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Natural rubber is an elastomeric material to make rubber products such as toys, households, automobiles, wheel tires, medical and health care products. Natural rubber compound is one kind of polymer matrix composites (PMCs) composed of natural rubber compound acted as a matrix phase and filler acted as a dispersed or reinforcement phase. There are many kinds of fillers used in the PMCs in terms of particles, fibers, and structural sheets. Adding organic/inorganic fibers into the natural rubber composites can increase the mechanical-thermal-physical properties and sound absorption. The natural rubber embedded fiber composite samples were prepared via the vulcanization process at the curing temperature 150°C by the two-roll mill. The amount of whisker alumina (Al2O3), coconut coir and water hyacinth fiber were varied from 0 to 50 phr on 100 phr of natural rubber in a sulfur curing system. The obtained rubber composite samples were of good mechanical properties, low thermal conductivity and good acoustic-sound absorption, suitable for various applications such as automobile, insulation and storage tank. The obtained rubber composite with 10 phr whisker alumina added (NR-Al-10) possessed the tensile strength, Young’s modulus, elongation at break and thermal conductivity values equal to 14.38 ± 1.95 MPa, 545.63 ± 25.67 MPa, 1038.4 ± 41.45% and 0.02527 ± 0.0003 W/m.K, respectively. Furthermore, the sound absorption value of natural rubber composite added 10 phr whisker alumina (NR-Al-10) is equal to 45.09% in the range of 3000‒4000 Hz of acoustic sound level better than the pure natural compound without adding filler.

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Natural rubber composite":

1

South, Joseph Thomas. "Mechanical Properties and Durability of Natural Rubber Compounds and Composites." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26306.

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The focus of this research was to investigate the effect of thermal degradation upon the mechanical properties of natural rubber compounds and apply those effects to the life prediction of off axis 2-ply cord rubber laminates. The work examined both the quasi-static and dynamic mechanical properties of two natural rubber vulcanizates, which had been subjected to isothermal anaerobic aging. Thermal aging was performed on two different natural rubber vulcanizates. The thermal aging was conducted between the temperatures of 80 and 120°C for times ranging from 3 to 24 days. The effect of thermal degradation was measured from the changes in the chemical composition of the vulcanizates as functions of time at temperature. A master curve relationship between the changes in the chemical composition of the vulcanizates due to thermal degradation and their static and dynamic mechanical properties has been developed. This relationship allowed for the prediction of the vulcanizate mechanical properties after thermal aging. It was found that the mechanical properties correlated with the percentage of poly and monosulfidic crosslinks, where in general higher levels of polysulfidic crosslink gave rise to the highest mechanical properties. Crack propagation in an aged and unaged natural rubber vulcanizate was measured using a double cantilever beam, DCB. This type of testing arrangement exhibits a plane strain condition and resulted in crack growth rates two orders of magnitude faster than traditional plane stress testing geometries. To validate the DCB specimens, an investigation into the potential cavitation inside the rubber of the DCB specimens was performed. It was found that no cavitation occurred due to the high speed of the fracture. DCB samples were thermally aged to determine the effect of thermal aging upon the crack growth rate. It was found that crack growth rates increase with thermal aging. Life prediction of the aged 2-ply laminates was performed using a finite element analysis. In order to verify the finite element models used in the life prediction, the fatigue failure and crack growth characteristics of off axis 2-ply cord-rubber laminates were examined with a delamination analysis. This analysis allowed for the determination of the modulus of off axis 2-ply laminates in the presence of damage as well as the calculation of the crack growth rates of the laminate. The failure of unaged and thermally aged 2-ply laminates was evaluated and compared to the crack growth rates of thermally aged DCB specimens. The trend due to thermal aging between the two types of testing specimens was consistent. The finite element analysis was sectioned into two approaches: crack initiation and crack propagation. The former utilized a residual strength approach, while the latter applied a fracture mechanics approach. The predicted stress versus cycles, S-N, curves were not in complete agreement with the experimental data. The error between the predicted and the experimental is discussed and future work to correct that error is suggested. While there was not complete agreement between the predicted and the experimental data, this dissertation outlines a comprehensive approach to track the effects of thermal degradation and apply those effects to a real world application.
Ph. D.
2

Poompradub, Sirilux. "Structure and physical properties of natural rubber based composite materials." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144559.

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Longkaew, Khansinee. "Preparation of calcium carbonate particles for application in natural rubber composites." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Le Mans, 2024. https://cyberdoc-int.univ-lemans.fr/Theses/2024/2024LEMA1003.pdf.

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Cette recherche vise à synthétiser différents types et formes de particules de carbonate de calcium (CaCO3) à l'échelle submicrométrique et nanométrique, et à étudier leurs applications en tant que charges renforçantes pour les composites de caoutchouc naturel (NR). L'étude a donc été divisée en deux parties. Premièrement, la procédure de préparation des particules de CaCO3 était basée sur la méthode de précipitation en solution entre les ions carbonate (CO32-) et les ions calcium (Ca2+). La deuxième partie concerne l'étude des propriétés mécaniques des composites NR/CaCO3. La première partie a commencé par la précipitation de (NH4)2CO3 et de CaCl2 dissous dans 50 % en poids de saccharose comme milieu aqueux. Cette condition a entraîné la formation de CaCO3 sphérique, ce qui a été mis en évidence au microscope électronique à balayage (MEB). L'analyse au microscope électronique à transmission (TEM) a révélé une taille de particule de 0,42 ± 0,14 µm avec un rapport d'aspect d'environ un. Lorsque la réaction de précipitation s'est produite en présence d’huile d'olive saponifiée, la propriété de surface du CaCO3 est passée d'hydrophile (angle de contact avec l'eau de 28 ± 2°) à superhydrophobe (angle de contact avec l'eau de 163 ± 2°). Les phases polymorphes typiques de CaCO3 ont été caractérisées par diffraction des rayons X (DRX), infrarouge à transformée de Fourier par réflexion totale atténuée (ATR-FTIR) et spectroscopie Raman. Ces techniques ont révélé que le CaCO3 sphérique non traité et traité représentait environ 99 % du polymorphe de la vatérite. Dans le processus de précipitation utilisant des solutions aqueuses 1 M de Na2CO3 et 1 M de CaCl2 réalisé à 80 ± 1 °C, du CaCO3 sous forme de fibres agglomérées a été obtenu avec un rapport d'aspect compris entre 8 et 9. Le CaCO3 superhydrophobe sous cette forme a également été synthétisé avec succès. L'angle de contact avec l'eau des fibres traitées et non traitées est respectivement de 29 ± 2° et 167 ± 2°. De plus, le CaCO3 sphérique dispersé dans l'eau à 80°C a donné naissance à des nanoparticules de CaCO3 en forme de fibre qui ont été obtenues via la transformation de la vatérite sphérique en aragonite nanofilaire longue avec le rapport d'aspect le plus élevé de 156,9 par rapport aux autres formes de CaCO3. La fibre CaCO3 non traitée était hydrophile avec un angle de contact avec l'eau de 31 ± 1°, tandis que la fibre CaCO3 traitée avec du savon donnait un angle de contact avec l'eau de 165 ± 5° ; elle était donc superhydrophobe similaire aux autres polymorphes de CaCO3 synthétisés. La DRX a révélé que le CaCO3 en forme de fibres, non traitées et traitées, contenait en majorité de l'aragonite et en moindre mesure de la vatérite et de la calcite. La stabilité thermique de différents types de CaCO3 a également été évaluée par analyse thermogravimétrique (TGA). Les résultats ont montré la calcination des cristaux de CaCO3, du saccharose et du savon. La deuxième partie a consisté à incorporer le CaCO3 préparé (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, à 60 pce) dans du latex naturel (NR). Il a été constaté que la vatérite CaCO3 non traitée et traitée était stable dans le milieu latex NR. De plus, les polymorphes du CaCO3 non traité et traité en forme de fibres étaient également stables dans leurs formes lorsqu'ils étaient ajoutés au latex NR. Les propriétés mécaniques du NR/CaCO3 comprenaient la résistance à la traction, l'allongement à la rupture, la résistance à la déchirure et la dureté Shore A. Il a été constaté que la résistance à la traction des composites NR/CaCO3 augmentait lorsque la charge de CaCO3 augmentait. La résistance à la traction du NR s'est améliorée de 22,68 ± 2,22 MPa de NR pur jusqu'à 23,94 ± 0,97 MPa lorsque des poudres de CaCO3 sphériques non traitées (20 phr) ont été ajoutées, et à 25,28 ± 0,80 MPa de CaCO3 sphérique traité (20 phr) de NR rempli. (...)
This research aims to synthesize different types and shapes of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) particles at a submicrometric and nanoscale, and investigate their applications as reinforcing fillers for natural rubber (NR) composites. The study was therefore divided into two parts. Firstly, the preparation procedure of CaCO3 particles was based on the solution precipitation method between carbonate ions and calcium ions. The second part focused on investigating the mechanical properties of NR/CaCO3 composites. The first part started with the precipitation of (NH4)2CO3 and CaCl2 dissolved in 50% by weight of sucrose as the aqueous medium. This condition resulted in spherical CaCO3 with particle size of 0.42±0.14 µm with an aspect ratio of about one. When the precipitation reaction occurred in the presence of olive soap, the surface property of the CaCO3 was changed from hydrophilic (water contact angle of 28±2o) to superhydrophobic powders (water contact angle of 163±2o). The typical polymorphic phases of CaCO3 were characterized. The results revealed that both untreated and treated spherical CaCO3 were about 99% of the vaterite polymorph. In the precipitation process using Na2CO3 and CaCl2 aqueous solutions performed at 80±1C, bundle-liked CaCO3 was obtained with an aspect ratio in the range of 8–9. The superhydrophobic bundle-liked CaCO3 was also successfully synthesized by soap treatment. The water contact angle of untreated and treated bundle-liked are 29±2o, and 167±2o, respectively. Furthermore, the spherical CaCO3 dispersed in water at 80C resulted in the fiber-shaped CaCO3 nanoparticles which were achieved via the polymorph transformation from spherical vaterite to long nano-wired aragonite with the highest aspect ratio of 156.9. The untreated fiber CaCO3 was hydrophilic with a water contact angle of 31±1o, while the treated fiber CaCO3 with soap resulted in 165±5o of water contact angle, hence it was superhydrophobic similar to other synthesized CaCO3 polymorphs. The XRD revealed that the untreated and treated bundle-liked and fiber-shaped CaCO3 contained the majority of aragonite followed by vaterite and calcite polymorphs. The second part was carried out to incorporate the prepared CaCO3 (0,5,10,20,40,60 phr) in NR latex. It was found that the CaCO3 polymorphs were stable in the NR latex medium. The mechanical properties of NR/CaCO3 included tensile strength, elongation at break, tear strength, and hardness Shore A. It was found that the tensile strength of NR/CaCO3 composites increased when CaCO3 loading was increased. The tensile strength of NR improved from 22.68±2.22 MPa of neat NR up to 23.94±0.97 MPa when untreated spherical CaCO3 powders (20 phr) were added, and to 25.28±0.80 MPa of treated spherical CaCO3 (20 phr) filled NR. The maximum tensile strength of NR/untreated bundle-liked CaCO3 was 30.59±3.50 MPa at 40 phr of loading while 31.51±1.02 MPa of NR/treated bundle-liked CaCO3 at filler loading 20 phr was obtained. The treated CaCO3-filled NR vulcanizates gave higher tensile strength than the untreated ones. This was caused by better compatibility of filler dispersion between the hydrophobicity of treated CaCO3 and hydrophobic property of NR. As a result, it was found that the NR filled with untreated fiber CaCO3 particle provided the highest tensile strength of 31.66±1.80 MPa at 10 phr of filler loading, over other types of CaCO3. The nanoparticle, large surface area, and high aspect ratio of fiber/ long nano wired of CaCO3 enhanced the interfacial adhesion between CaCO3 and NR matrix which could transfer stress from rubber to filler effectively during stretching. This resulted in the reinforcing efficacy of the fiber CaCO3. In summaroze, the prepared CaCO3 powders have the potential to broaden their application not only as diluents or additives but also as reinforcing agents
4

Tabe, J. O. "Synthesis and characterisation of composite latex particles based on a natural rubber latex." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.268115.

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Nozet, Quentin. "Structure et propriétés de matériaux composites obtenus par hétérocoagulation de latex de caoutchouc naturel et de noir de carbone." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPSLS033.

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Cette thèse étudie le phénomène de durcissement qui a lieu pendant le stockage des composites de latex de caoutchouc naturel et de noir de carbone fabriqués par hétérocoagulation. Ce procédé consiste à injecter à très grande vitesse une suspension aqueuse de noir de carbone dans du latex de caoutchouc naturel. Le matériau spongieux et très hydraté qui est obtenu est ensuite séché et mis en forme par malaxage ou pressage. Nous mesurons le durcissement des composites à l’aide de plusieurs méthodes rhéologiques parmi lesquelles la rhéologie de torsion et la viscosimétrie de Mooney. L’effet d’un grand nombre de paramètres est étudié : le mode de mise en forme des composites, l’environnement du stockage, la présence d’eau résiduelle, la température, la fraction massique de noir de carbone. Nous définissons des temps caractéristiques de durcissement dont la dépendance en température indique que le durcissement résulte d’un processus activé thermiquement. Les énergies d’activation sont peu dépendantes des paramètres expérimentaux et comparables à celle trouvée pour le caoutchouc naturel pur. Des expériences de gonflement en bon solvant montrent que le durcissement est associé à la formation d’un réseau de macromolécules interconnectées dont nous discutons l’origine en relation avec la microstructure du polyisoprène naturel et la présence de phospholipides et de protéines
This thesis investigates the storage hardening of natural rubber and carbon black composites made by heterocoagulation. Heterocoagulation is a process that consists in injecting a carbon black slurry at high speed into a colloidal suspension of natural rubber. We obtain a squishy and highly hydrated material that is subsequently dried and processed using an internal mixer or a mechanical press. The hardening is characterized using various rheological techniques among which torsional rheology and Mooney viscosimetry. Many parameters are investigated: the processing technique, the storage environment, the presence of residual water, temperature, the carbon black content. We define characteristic times of hardening whose temperature dependence indicates that the hardening results from a activated process. The energies of activation are nearly independent of the experimental parameters and compare well to that found in natural rubber. Swelling experiments in good solvent show that hardening is associated with the buildup of an interconnected network of macromolecules. We discuss the origin of this network in relation with the microstructure of natural polyisoprene and the presence of phospholipids and proteins
6

Hariwongsanupab, Nuttapong. "Development of green natural rubber composites : Effect of nitrile rubber, fiber surface treatment and carbon black on properties of pineapple leaf fiber reinforced natural rubber composites." Thesis, Mulhouse, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MULH0399/document.

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Les effets du caoutchouc nitrile (NBR), du traitement de la surface des fibres et du noir de carbone sur les propriétés des composites à base de caoutchouc naturel renforcé par des fibres d'ananas (NR / PALF) ont été étudiés. L'incorporation de NBR et le traitement de surface de la fibre ont été utilisés pour améliorer les propriétés mécaniques des composites à faible déformation, alors que le noir de carbone a été utilisé pour améliorer ces propriétés à forte déformation. La teneur en fibres a été fixée à 10 phr. Les matériaux composites ont été préparés à l'aide d'un mélangeur à cylindres et ont été réticulés sous presse permettant ainsi le maintien de l'orientation des fibres. Ces composites ont été caractérisés à l’aide du rhéomètre à matrice mobile (MDR), par analyse thermique mécanique dynamique (DMTA) et par tests de traction. La morphologie après fracture cryogénique a été observée à l'aide de la microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB). L'effet du NBR dont la teneur varie de 0 à 20 phr par rapport à la teneur totale en caoutchouc, a été également étudié. Le NBR est utilisé afin d’encapsuler totalement les fibres d’ananas (PALF) ; ceci conduisant à un meilleur transfert de contraintes entre la matrice et les fibres. La méthode de mélange a également été étudiée. Plusieurs types de silanes tels que le propylsilane, l'allylsilane et le silane-69 ont été utilisés pour traiter les fibres pré-nettoyées à l’aide d’un traitement alcalin. Les fibres silanisées ont été caractérisées par spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier (FTIR), par spectroscopie de photoélectrons aux rayons X (XPS) et par MEB. Le traitement de la fibre par le silane-69 a permis d’augmenter fortement le module du matériau composite à faible déformation. Ce traitement a été plus efficace que l'incorporation de NBR dans les composites NR / PALF. Ceci peut s’expliquer par une possible réticulation chimique entre le caoutchouc et la fibre traitée au silane-69 plutôt qu’une simple interaction physique du NR, du NBR et de la fibre. Cependant, le renforcement par fibre réduit la déformation à la rupture. Par conséquent, du noir de carbone a également été incorporé dans les composites NR/NBR/PALF et NR/ PALF traitée, afin d’améliorer leurs propriétés ultimes. En incorporant du noir de carbone à un taux de 30 phr dans les deux composites, les propriétés mécaniques des composites ont été améliorées et peuvent être contrôlées à la fois à des déformations faibles et hautes
The effects of nitrile rubber (NBR), fiber surface treatment and carbon black on properties of pineapple leaf fiber-reinforced natural rubber composites (NR/PALF) were studied. The incorporation of NBR and surface treatment of fiber were used to improve the mechanical properties of composites at low deformation, whereas carbon black was used to improve these properties at high deformation. The fiber content was fixed at 10 phr. The composites were prepared using two-roll mill and were cured using compression moulding with keeping the fiber orientation. These composites were characterized using moving die rheometer (MDR), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and tensile testing. The morphology after cryogenic fracture was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of NBR from 0 to 20 phr of total rubber content was investigated. NBR is proposed to encase PALF leading to higher stress transfer between matrix and PALF. The method of mixing was also studied. For the fiber surface treatment, propylsilane, allylsilane and silane-69 were treated on the alkali-treated fiber. Treated fibers were characterized using Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and SEM. Silane-69 treatment of fiber increased the modulus at low deformation more than the incorporation of NBR of NR/PALF composites due to the chemical crosslinking between rubber and fiber from silane-69 treatment rather than the physical interaction of NR, NBR and fiber. However, reinforcement by fiber reduced the deformation at break. Hence, carbon black was also incorporated into NR/NBR/PALF and NR/surface-treated PALF composites to improve the ultimate properties. By incorporation of carbon black 30 phr in both composites, the mechanical properties of composites were improved and can be controlled at both low and high deformations
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Ren, Xianjie ren. "Improving sustainability of rubber composites with renewable additives and epoxidized guayule natural rubber." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1574440536318129.

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Reis, Elton Aparecido Prado dos [UNESP]. "Preparação e caracterização de compósitos obtidos a partir de borracha natural com raspa de couro visando aplicações industriais." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99697.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-06-28Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:47:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 reis_eap_me_bauru.pdf: 5393371 bytes, checksum: 16962b43c55e24ca2edab26b06201e8e (MD5)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Neste trabalho é apresentado o método de preparação dos compósitos obtidos a partir da mistura de borracha natural (BN) com raspa de couro, gerada em uma das etapas do tratamento do couro nos cortumes. Os compósitos foram obtidos utilizando o método de prensagem e quente, em diferentes proporções em massa (m%). Também será apresentada a proporção calculada a partir da quantidade de BN utilizada (phr) e a técnica usada para a incorporação dos agentes de vulcanização, realizadas para vulcanizar a BN presente na mistura. Os compósitos, que no presente trabalho serão denominados BN/Couro, foram caracterizados utilizando as técnicas de análises de propriedades mecânicas, análises morfológicas, análises estruturais e análises térmicas. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados em função das propriedades físicas dos compósitos com as do couro utilizado comercialmente, com objetivo de se efetuar um direcionamento para uma possível aplicação industrial e comercial dos compósitos. De acordo com os resultados constatou-se que o material apresenta baixa capacidade de deformação, causada pela vulcanização realizada na BN e também pelas partículas de couro. Notou-se também que os compósitos apresentam bom grau de impermeabilidade e desgaste, quando comparado ao couro sola utilizado comercialmente, sendo averiguado que esta propriedades são relacionadas à proporção de BN presente na mistura, que por sua vez atua como agente encapsulador do couro, tornando-se predominante no material produzido. O que investigou o desenvolvimento deste trabalho foi a pretensão de obter um material de baixo custo, pois será produzido a partir de um resíduo gerado às toneladas
This work presents the method of preparation of composites from a mixture of natural rubber (NR) with leather waste, generated in one step in the treatment of leather in tanneries. The composites were obtained using the method of hot pressing, in different proportions by mass (wt%). Also presented the ratio calculated from the amount of NR used (phr) and the technique used for incorporation of curing agents, taken to vulcanize the NR in the mixture. The composites, which in this work will be called NR/Leather, were characterized using the techniques of analysis of mechanical properties, morphological analysis, structural analysis and thermal analysis. The results were compared on the basis of the physical properties of the composities with the leather used commercially, with the objective to make a direction for a possible industrial application and commercial composites. According to the results found that the material has a low capacity for deformation caused by vulcanization perfomed in NR and also by the particles of leather. It was also noted that the composites exihibit a good degree of impermeability and wear when compared to leather soles used commercially, and ascertained that these properties are related to the proportion of BN in the mixture, which in turn acts as an agent wrapper of leather making is predominant in the material produced. What prompted the development of this work was the intention of obtaining a low cost material, which be produced from a waste generated by the ton
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Daoud, Hajer. "Contribution à l'étude du comportement mécanique et vibratoire des composites biosourcés incorporant des matériaux fonctionnels." Thesis, Le Mans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LEMA1017/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur l’étude du comportement mécanique et vibratoire d’un composite biosourcé incorporant un matériau viscoélastique. Les matériaux étudiés sont des stratifiés en composite lin/greenpoxy et des stratifiés viscoélastiques composés d'un noyau viscoélastique en caoutchouc naturel confiné entre deux composites. La première partie du travail a été consacrée à l’étude de l’influence de l’intégration de la couche viscoélastique sur le comportement mécanique des composites. L’analyse des résultats expérimentaux et l’observation des signaux d’émission acoustique obtenus dans ces composites soumis à différentes sollicitations mécaniques en statique et en fatigue ont permis d’identifier les signatures acoustiques des mécanismes d’endommagement prépondérants dans les deux matériaux. Dans un deuxième temps, les propriétés dynamiques de ces composites ont été déterminées à partir des essais de vibration. Les résultats obtenus ont montré que la couche viscoélastique a joué un rôle majeur dans l'amortissement et la dissipation d'énergie des composites. Suite à cette analyse, nous avons mis en place une procédure, utilisant la méthode des éléments finis, pour calculer l’amortissement de ces matériaux. Dans le but de mettre en évidence l’influence des caractéristiques de la couche viscoélastique, une étude paramétrique a été menée sur le composite viscoélastique, permettant d’optimiser l’amortissement de ce matériau en faisant varier divers paramètres. Enfin, le comportement visqueux des composites a été caractérisé par la méthode de résonance non linéaire en faisant varier l’amplitude d’excitation
This thesis focuses on the study of the mechanical and vibration behaviour of a flax fibre reinforced composites with and without an interleaved natural viscoelastic layer. The composite materials have been characterized experimentally using different mechanical and vibrational tests. First, both types of composites were studied using uni-axial tensile and three-points bending tests. Acoustic emission (AE) has been often used for the identification and characterization of micro failure mechanisms in composites. The results showed that these composites have very high specific characteristics. It can be used for applications currently using composites reinforced with synthetic fibres such glass, carbon…. Next, experimental and finite element vibration analyses were carried out on the composites with and without an interleaved natural viscoelastic layer. A good agreement between the two methods was obtained. It has been shown that the viscoelastic layer plays a major role in damping because it has a high level of energy dissipation. Therefore, it improves with a significant way the modal properties of the composite. Finally, nonlinear resonance tests were performed on the composites. It has been shown that the viscoelastic layer generates a nonlinear behaviour in the material. The linear and nonlinear, elastic and dissipative parameters have been calculated to deduce finally that nonlinear parameters are more sensitive to heterogeneities than those derived from linear vibration tests
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Nikpour, Navid, and Navid Nikpour. "Production and characterization of natural fiber-polymer composites using ground tire rubber as impact modifier." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26699.

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Ce travail porte sur la production et la caractérisation de matériaux composites hybrides basés sur un polymère thermoplastique (polyéthylène de haute densité, PEHD), une fibre naturelle (chanvre) et un caoutchouc recyclé provenant de pneus usés (GTR) comme modificateur d'impact. L'addition d'un agent de couplage (polyéthylène maléaté) est également étudiée. Les échantillons sont mélangés par extrusion à double-vis et fabriqués par un moulage en injection. À partir des échantillons obtenus, une caractérisation morphologique et mécanique complète est effectuée. Les résultats montrent que la bonne dispersion est obtenue en raison des bonnes conditions de mélanges sélectionnées et une bonne adhésion interfaciale entre toutes les phases est atteinte en raison de la présence d'anhydride maléique greffée au polyéthylène (MAPE). Enfin, pour des propriétés mécaniques choisies, des modèles de régression non-linéaire sont proposés pour prédire et contrôler les propriétés finales de ces composés par des comparaisons faites sur la base des propriétés de la matrice seule.
Ce travail porte sur la production et la caractérisation de matériaux composites hybrides basés sur un polymère thermoplastique (polyéthylène de haute densité, PEHD), une fibre naturelle (chanvre) et un caoutchouc recyclé provenant de pneus usés (GTR) comme modificateur d'impact. L'addition d'un agent de couplage (polyéthylène maléaté) est également étudiée. Les échantillons sont mélangés par extrusion à double-vis et fabriqués par un moulage en injection. À partir des échantillons obtenus, une caractérisation morphologique et mécanique complète est effectuée. Les résultats montrent que la bonne dispersion est obtenue en raison des bonnes conditions de mélanges sélectionnées et une bonne adhésion interfaciale entre toutes les phases est atteinte en raison de la présence d'anhydride maléique greffée au polyéthylène (MAPE). Enfin, pour des propriétés mécaniques choisies, des modèles de régression non-linéaire sont proposés pour prédire et contrôler les propriétés finales de ces composés par des comparaisons faites sur la base des propriétés de la matrice seule.
This work aims at the production and characterization of hybrid composites based on a thermoplastic polymer (high density polyethylene, HDPE), a natural fiber (hemp) as reinforcement and ground tire rubber (GTR) as an impact modifier. The addition of a coupling agent (maleated polyethylene) is also investigated. The samples are compounded by twin-screw extrusion and produced by injection molding. From the samples obtained, a complete morphological and mechanical characterization is performed. The results show that good dispersion is obtained due to the selected processing conditions and good interfacial adhesion between all the phases is achieved due to the presence of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (MAPE). Finally, for selected mechanical properties, nonlinear regression models are proposed to predict and control the final properties of these compounds and comparisons are made based on the neat matrix properties.
This work aims at the production and characterization of hybrid composites based on a thermoplastic polymer (high density polyethylene, HDPE), a natural fiber (hemp) as reinforcement and ground tire rubber (GTR) as an impact modifier. The addition of a coupling agent (maleated polyethylene) is also investigated. The samples are compounded by twin-screw extrusion and produced by injection molding. From the samples obtained, a complete morphological and mechanical characterization is performed. The results show that good dispersion is obtained due to the selected processing conditions and good interfacial adhesion between all the phases is achieved due to the presence of maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene (MAPE). Finally, for selected mechanical properties, nonlinear regression models are proposed to predict and control the final properties of these compounds and comparisons are made based on the neat matrix properties.

Books on the topic "Natural rubber composite":

1

Thomas, Sabu, Hanna J. Maria, Chin Han Chan, Laly A. Pothen, and Jithin P. Joy. Natural Rubber Materials : Volume 2: Composites and Nanocomposites. Royal Society of Chemistry, The, 2013.

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M, Visakh P. Natural Rubber Composites and Nanocomposites. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2020.

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M, Visakh P. Natural Rubber-Based Composites and Nanocomposites. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2023.

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M, Visakh P. Natural Rubber-Based Composites and Nanocomposites. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2022.

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M, Visakh P. Natural Rubber-Based Composites and Nanocomposites. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2022.

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Heinrich, Gert, Yukun Chen, Ali Ansarifar, Aldo Eloizo Job, and Azanam S. Hashim. Natural Rubber Materials : Volume 2: Composites and Nanocomposites. Royal Society of Chemistry, The, 2013.

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Book chapters on the topic "Natural rubber composite":

1

Hayeemasae, Nabil, and Hanafi Ismail. "Halloysite Nanotubes-Filled Natural Rubber Composite." In Mineral-Filled Polymer Composites, 135–58. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003220947-7.

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Hayeemasae, Nabil, and Hanafi Ismail. "Halloysite Nanotubes-Filled Natural Rubber Composite." In Mineral-Filled Polymer Composites, 111–34. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003220947-6.

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Mustafa, Mohd Syamaizar, Sharifah Nafisah Syed Ismail, Shafeera Mohd Shaipul Amini, Nor Mazlina Abdul Wahab, Noor Aishatun Majid, and Muhamad Naiman Sarip. "Pineapple Leaf Fibre Filled Natural Rubber Composite: The Effect of Filler Loading." In Charting the Sustainable Future of ASEAN in Science and Technology, 447–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3434-8_38.

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Chen, Ruey Shan, Jeefferie Abd Razak, Noraiham Mohamad, and Sahrim Ahmad. "Surface Modification of Graphene Nanoplatelets (GNP) Towards Preparation of Natural/Synthetic Rubber Blend Nanocomposites." In Composite Materials: Applications in Engineering, Biomedicine and Food Science, 67–89. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45489-0_3.

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Muzakkar, M. Z., S. Ahmad, M. A. Yarmo, A. Jalar, and M. Bijarimi. "Shear Strength of Single Lap Joint Aluminium-Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (Al-TPNR) Laminated Composite." In Recent Trends in Physics of Material Science and Technology, 159–71. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-128-2_10.

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Çakır Kabakcı, Gamze, Matthieu Sonar, Özgür Aslan, and Emin Bayraktar. "Recycled Natural Rubber-Based Composites Reinforced with Nano Boron Nitride in Thermal Conductive and Electrical-Insulating Fields." In Mechanics of Composite, Hybrid & Multi-functional Materials, Volume 5, 7–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17445-2_2.

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Phatcharasit, Kritsada, and Wirach Taweepreda. "Improvement of the Mechanical Properties by Guar Gum Addition of Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Polyethylene Glycol Composite Membranes." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 235–42. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0742-4_16.

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Sreekumar, Parambath Madhom, Preetha Gopalakrishnan, and Jean Marc Saiter. "Biofiber-Reinforced Natural Rubber Composites." In Polymer Composites, 289–315. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527674220.ch8.

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Surajarusarn, Budsaraporn, Nuttapong Hariwongsanupab, Gautier Schrodj, Samar Garreau, Karine Mougin, and Taweechai Amornsakchai. "Enhancement of the Compatibility Between Natural Rubber and Pineapple Leaf Microfibers for Better Stress Transfer in Their Composite." In Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions (2nd Edition), 441–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51210-1_70.

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Hayeemasae, Nabil, and Hanafi Ismail. "Comparative Studies of Natural Rubber/Virgin Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber and Natural Rubber/Recycled Ethylene Propylene Diene Rubber and Natural Rubber/Blends." In Recycled Polymer Blends and Composites, 179–207. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37046-5_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Natural rubber composite":

1

"Effect of Surface Treated Biopolymer on Curing Behavior and Tensile Properties of Natural Rubber Composites." In Polymers/Composites/3Bs Materials 2023 International Joint Conference. SETCOR Conferences and Events, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.26799/cp-polymers-composites-3bsmaterials-2023/1.

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The growing demand for environmentally friendly materials has prompted several researchers to explore naturally occurring biopolymers for potential applications in a variety of fields. Cellulose is a biopolymer formed by the repeated joining of D-glucose building blocks and is characterized by its hydrophilicity, broad chemical modification capacity, biodegradability, and the formation of versatile morphologies of semicrystalline fibers; However, the interactions between the cellulose and the polymer matrix are limited due to the fact that the cellulose is hydrophilic while the matrix is hydrophobic. The surfaces are thus not sufficiently compatible, leading to a reduction in mechanical properties. In this study, cellulose was surface treated with two types of silanes. Modified cellulose was used as filler in natural rubber composites. The influence of treated and untreated cellulose on the curing characteristics, rheological properties, mechanical properties and crosslinking density of natural rubber composites was examined. The curing characteristics of the natural rubber composites, the scorch time and cure times, decreased for natural rubber composites filled with modified cellulose compared with natural rubber composite filled with unmodified cellulose. The measured values of tensile strength and crosslinking density showed higher values for natural rubber composites filled with modified cellulose compared with natural rubber composite filled with unmodified cellulose.
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Tan, Yi Wei, Ai Bao Chai, Kim Yeow Tshai, Jee Hou Ho, Shamsul Kamaruddin, and Andri Andriyana. "Mechanical characteristics epoxidised natural rubber latex film." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT TRENDS IN COMPOSITE SCIENCES WITH COMPUTATIONAL ANALYSIS. AIP Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0183151.

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David, N. V., X. L. Gao, and J. Q. Zheng. "Creep Behavior of a TWARON®/Natural Rubber Composite." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-38079.

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The creep behavior of a Twaron CT709® fabric/natural rubber composite under a uniaxial constant stress is studied using three viscoelasticity models with different levels of complexity and a newly developed para-rheological model. The three models employed are a one-term generalized Maxwell (GMn = 1) model (consisting of one Maxwell element and an additional spring in parallel), a two-term generalized Maxwell (GMn = 2) model (including two parallel Maxwell elements and an additional spring in parallel), and a four-parameter Burgers model. The values of the parameters involved in each model are extracted from the experimental data obtained in this study. The creep tests reveal that the axial strain starts to increase exponentially during the primary stage and then continues to equilibrate linearly with time. The results show that the initial creep response of the composite is predicted fairly well by the GMn = 2 model, while the secondary creep is more accurately described by the GMn = 1 model. An implicit solution, together with a characteristic retardation time spectrum, obtained using the para-rheological model is found to provide more accurate predictions of the composite creep response than the three viscoelasticity models at both the primary and secondary stages.
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Jarnthong, Methakarn, Lusheng Liao, Fuquan Zhang, Yueqiong Wang, Puwang Li, Zheng Peng, Chutarat Malawet, and Punyanich Intharapat. "Characterization of interaction between natural rubber and silica by FTIR." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND MATERIAL ENGINEERING (ICCMME 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4983595.

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Le, Minh-Tai. "Influence of Nanosilica in Mechanical Property of Natural Rubber Composite." In 2018 4th International Conference on Green Technology and Sustainable Development (GTSD). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/gtsd.2018.8595529.

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Torres, Renato, Anirudh Venugopalarao, Itamar Neckel, Rajarajan Ramalingame, Christian Muller, and Olfa Kanoun. "Strain Sensor Based on MWCNT-Natural Rubber Composite for Wearable Electronics." In 2016 Nanotechnology for Instrumentation and Measurement (NANOfIM). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nanofim.2016.8521434.

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Malawet, Chutarat, Methakarn Jarnthong, Punyanich Intharapat, Lusheng Liao, Fuquan Zhang, Yueqiong Wang, Puwang Li, and Zheng Peng. "Utilization of oil palm ash as an reinforcing filler in natural rubber biocomposites." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND MATERIAL ENGINEERING (ICCMME 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4983596.

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Susilo, M., S. Arrohman, D. Ariawan, K. Diharjo, and N. S. Suharty. "Tensile and tear properties of curly coconut fiber and natural rubber composite." In 1ST INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON ADVANCES IN METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (i-SENAMM 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0021605.

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Ghani, Azlinda Abdul, Ragunathan Santiagoo, Chew Cui Min, and Mustaffa Zainal. "Effect of epoxidized natural rubber-50 (ENR-50) as compatibilizer in composite." In THE PROCEEDING OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF CHEMICAL SCIENCE, ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0117237.

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Mache, Ashok, Aparna Kulkarni, Swapnil Shah, Adesh Gujar, and Pravin Hujare. "Exploring Natural Frequency and Damping in Coir-Rubber Polymer Composites for Vibration Control in Mobility Vehicles." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2024-01-2357.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">This study delves into the dynamic properties of hybrid composite materials, specifically focusing on the natural frequency and modal damping characteristics of Coir Fiber-Rubber Particles Reinforced Polymer Composites (CRP). Comprehensive experimental investigations were conducted utilizing an FFT analyzer. Initial experiments involved the preparation of specimens with varying rubber content, ranging from 2% to 5%. Coir, known for its cellulose-rich composition, was selected due to its innate damping properties, making it highly effective in mitigating vibrations. The primary motivation behind this research is to provide cost-effective solutions for reducing vibrations in mobility vehicles, addressing challenges associated with passenger comfort, durability, and overall performance. The study yielded promising results, with CRP exhibiting substantial reductions in vibrations. The findings of this research are expected to serve as valuable inputs for the design and engineering of components utilizing these novel composite materials. By characterizing the natural frequencies and damping properties, this study empowers engineers and designers with crucial insights for selecting appropriate materials to tackle vibration-related challenges in mobility vehicle applications.</div></div>

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