Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Natural resources conservation areas – United States'
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1
Wilson, Robin M. "Influence of demographic variables on the likelihood of management plans for land trust properties." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2009. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/678.
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Hudnor, Amy Claire. "Economic Approaches to Public and Private Land Conservation in the United States." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HudnorAC2007.pdf.
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Shellabarger, Rachel Marie. "Garbage or Godsend?: Contested Meanings Among Conservation and Humanitarian Groups on the United States Border." NCSU, 2010. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12072009-223639/.
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Conservation and human rights are currently threatened by direct and indirect effects of border enforcement practices on the Arizona-Sonora border. Increased border enforcement in urban areas has pushed migrants into remote conservation areas, threatening both the vulnerable borderland ecosystems and the human migrants passing through them. This study examines responses to human and environmental impacts of border policies in the case study region of Altar Valley in southern Arizona, where migrant traffic has increased greatly as a result of the expanded border enforcement near urban centers. We use ethnographic methods to explore and understand the actions of land-management and humanitarian aid groups attempting to address the socio-ecological crises wrought by increased border enforcement, in order to look for ways to reduce the crises through a better understanding of the context. Community partners include the Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge, the Coronado National Forest, and the No More Deaths humanitarian aid group, all located within 25 miles of the Arizona-Sonora border. The results of this study, carried out largely during the summer of 2008, describe how the actions of land-management and humanitarian groups eventually conflicted and resulted in littering citations for the humanitarian aid volunteers who left water for migrants along trails on the wildlife refuge. The conflict was branded as an issue of conservation versus human rights. I argue that the conflict between land-management personnel and humanitarian aid volunteers arose not just from differing conservation and humanitarian goals, but from their different conceptions of problems associated with border activity and different ideas of the borderlands as a place.
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He, Xiaohui. "Natural Resources Distance Learning Programs in The United States and China." Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/37153.
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This paper reviews the status of natural resources distance learning program in the United States and China and discusses the feasibility of educational cooperation between the two countries. By identifying and comparing computer-based learning programs offered at 300 American and 7 Chinese institutions of higher education, I found that only a small number of schools in both countries currently provide natural resources courses via distance learning. Although great opportunities exist for cooperation between the two countries, challenges must be overcome. Some of these challenges include expanding the existing distance learning curriculum to offer more natural resources courses, providing greater flexibility for faculty members who must adjust to a new teaching role, and improving the English proficiency of Chinese students for more effective international distance learning.Master of Natural Resources
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Knuth, Barbara Ann. "A fisheries and wildlife resource indicator system for use in natural resource management." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/49812.
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Aylward, Cody Michael. "Estimating Landscape Quality And Genetic Structure Of Recovering American Marten Populations In The Northeastern United States." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/784.
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The American marten (Martes americana) is an endangered species in Vermont and a Regional Species of Greatest Conservation Need in the northeastern United States. Though historically widespread in northeastern forests, their range presumably contracted to northern Maine and the High Peaks region of the Adirondacks by the early 1900s. Regionally, populations appear to be in recovery. Natural recolonization is believed to have occurred in New Hampshire, northeastern Vermont and the western Adirondacks. A reintroduction effort in southern Vermont that was originally declared unsuccessful is now believed to be the source of a recently detected population in the area. However, our current knowledge of distribution, population history and population connectivity relies primarily on occurrence data from harvest records, which are limited in scope and resolution. In Vermont, where population size is estimated to be extremely low, more robust estimates of population status may be critical to continued recovery.
I genotyped individuals from Maine, New York, New Hampshire, northeastern Vermont and southern Vermont at ten microsatellite loci and amplified a 320 base pair segment of the control region of mtDNA to estimate the source(s) of the two Vermont populations using statistical tests of genetic differentiation. I also used Bayesian and stochastic genetic clustering methods to estimate population genetic structure in the northeastern United States. Genetic structure exists at multiple scales in the region as a result of natural barriers to gene flow, human-mediated gene flow, and lineage sorting in relic populations. My results suggest that New Hampshire is a major source of colonization of northeastern Vermont and the population in southern Vermont is either a remnant of the reintroduction or a pre-reintroduction relic that has experienced introgression from the reintroduction stock. I identified three regions where relic populations perceived to be extirpated in the 1900s may have persisted.
I also developed an occupancy model for American marten in the northeastern United States using mixed-effects logistic regression based on expert opinion data. Eighteen experts from Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont and New York with backgrounds in trapping, wildlife management, and wildlife science participated in the survey. Experts were asked to estimate the probability of marten occupancy at 30 sites in the northeastern United States. Three top models described the data. Habitat covariates in those models were 1) percent canopy cover, 2) percent spruce-fir forest cover, 3) winter temperature, 4) elevation, and 5) road density. An AIC-weighted average of these three models had significant predictive ability (area under an ROC curve = 0.88) with respect to occurrence records in the northeastern United States. In addition, the model predicted that high quality habitat existed patchily along the central and northern Green Mountain spine in Vermont – where no occurrence records exist for at least a century. Top-scoring movement corridors between southern Vermont and nearby populations in northeastern Vermont/New Hampshire and New York occurred in the northern and central Green Mountains and across high resistance movement barriers in the Champlain valley. Corridors to New York were considered strong movement barriers and are unlikely to facilitate gene flow.
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Chang, Sheng-Po Grabill Joseph L. "Teaching American history in Taiwan from an environmental point of view." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p9914565.
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Thesis (D.A.)--Illinois State University, 1998.Title from title page screen, viewed July 10, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Joseph L. Grabill (chair), Frederick D. Drake, Lawrence W. McBride. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-185) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Moscoso, Roddy. "Managing extinction : the United States' decision to end the Eskimo hunt of the endangered bowhead whale /." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06302009-040410/.
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Naidu, Ashwin. "Where Mountain Lions Traverse: Insights from Landscape Genetics in Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/578431.
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The projected growth in human population, rapid urbanization, and expansion of structures like highways and canals pose a major threat to the future survival of wildlife, particularly large terrestrial mammals. In many cases, wild animal populations have been restricted to fragmented habitat islands due to anthropogenic developments, endangering them to local extinction. Current and future wildlife conservation and management strategies are leading to the implementation of mitigation measures such as creation of wildlife habitat corridors. In this light, novel and interdisciplinary research methods such as approaches in the field of landscape genetics are proving to be increasingly useful and necessary for assessing the status of wildlife populations and furthering efficacy of conservation programs and management efforts. In this 5-year research study, I review literature in the field of landscape genetics, highlighting studies and their applications toward wildlife conservation over the past decade (2005-2014). I then use a landscape genetic approach to understand the potential impact of natural and human-made barriers in and around the northern Sonoran Desert on one of the widest-ranging mammals in the world, the mountain lion (Puma concolor). I employ recently developed genetic tools to assess the current population genetic status of mountain lions in this region and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) tools to relate observations to landscape features through interpretive maps. I further investigate the utility of GIS and expert-based models in connectivity conservation and suggest validating them with information on genetic relatedness and functional connectivity among mountain lions. Lastly, in many parts of this document, I emphasize the use of these methods and data sharing in conservation planning as well as wildlife management.
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West, Emily Ruth. "BLM Land Use Planning in Western Oregon: A Case Study for Integrating Public Participation in Natural Resources Planning." The University of Montana, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05302007-073835/.
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Public participation can fundamentally improve natural resources planning and decision-making. On an ad hoc basis, it has been shown that public participation improves the durability and sustainability of plans and decisions; it increases the technical, consensus-building, and decision-making capacity of the public; it increases levels of trust; and it improves relationships between agency personnel and members of the public. Despite the proliferation of these new tools and strategies and their successful implementation, innovative and inclusive public participation methods have still not become widely integrated into the natural resources planning and administrative decision-making processes of federal agencies. Utilizing the Bureau of Land Management's Western Oregon Plan Revision process as a case study, this paper considers barriers to the regular inclusion of innovative and inclusive public participation methods in agency's planning and decision-making processes and provides some prescriptions for overcoming those barriers. Through analysis of this case study, I identify eight potential roadblocks to integrating innovative forms of public participation in natural resources planning and decision-making, including: 1) political context, 2) the purpose and need of the planning effort, 3) false expectations for public involvement, 4) geographic scope of the planning area, 5) the plan timeline, 6) federal budgetary pressure, 7) agency culture and individual attitudes towards public participation, and 8) the limitations of leadership
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Olmsted, Daniel T. "Effective Environmental Management of the National Park Service: A Case Study of Channel Islands National Park." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2010. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/51.
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The topic of protected area management serves as the focal point of my thesis. The fundamental question I seek to answer is; what constitutes effective environmental management and how is it exemplified in the National Park Service (NPS)? How exactly does the NPS continually earn the trust and confidence of the American people when so many other government agencies are viewed in a negative light? How does the Channel Islands National Park, in particular, shape the economic and political framework in which it operates to achieve its goals? How does this agency effectively manage such a complex ecosystem spanning across five unique islands and the surrounding waters? More specifically, I examine how the NPS designs and implements strategies to simultaneously monitor a variety of endemic species, some of which are on the endangered species list, into feasible tasks and fundable projects. A wealth of information exists providing salient recommendations for improving endangered species recovery efforts, but this paper provides a detailed comparison of two contemporary recovery programs dealing with independent declines of the same species: the island fox. Finally, there is an overlapping mix of jurisdiction responsible for protecting the Channel Islands and I will also be examining the collaborative processes that take place among the multiple stakeholders such as the U.S. Navy, Catalina Island Conservancy, and The Nature Conservancy. The primary purpose of this thesis is to assess the relationships the NPS develops with other agencies in order to fulfill its mission within the context of the Channel Islands.
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Livermore, Jenn. "The Pacific Crest Trail: A History of America’s Relationship with Western Wilderness." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/316.
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The Pacific Crest Trail has become increasingly popular since Clinton Clarke first envisioned such a trail in the 1930’s. By comparing the original motives and experience of the trail to the realities of the trail today, the trail’s fluid narrative becomes apparent. While this narrative is ever changing, over the course of the trail’s history one theme has remained constant – a notably problematic relationship with wilderness rooted in an exaltation of the sublime and post-frontier ideals. This thesis focuses on how the Pacific Crest Trail’s development over the past eighty years has created an experience that, on the surface, is notably different from Clarke’s original vision for the trail, but is still influenced by a perception of wilderness born from a romanticization of nature and a pursuit to preserve the western frontier. Chapter one, The Historic Trail, investigates Clarke’s manners and motives behind promoting the trail. Chapter two, The Popular Trail, examines the visual culture surrounding the trail, from nineteenth century landscape painting to the trail’s presence in social media today. Chapter three, The Trail Community, focuses on the growth of a strong community of hikers, and what this means for the future of the trail.
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Li, Ying, and Wei Zhang. "Estimating Heat-Related Mortality in the U.S. and In China Using Downscaled Climate Projections." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/12.
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Public health effects associated with rising temperatures resulted from global climate change are expected to increase significantly in this century. Projecting future heat-related mortality is challenging due to some considerable uncertainties, and national-level impacts under the latest greenhouse gas emission scenarios remain unexplored. This study investigates future excess heat-related mortality in two large countries: The United States and China in 2050s under the latest Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) emission scenarios. Using model-simulated future and present climate variables that were dynamically downscaled, we quantify the potential increase in heat-related mortality during the warm season. We study the entire continental U.S. and 51 largest urban areas in China, which roughly account for one third of population in China. We derive heat mortality risk estimates and adaptation assumptions from a comprehensive review of current literature of temperature-mortality relationships in both countries. We incorporate the latest population projection in both countries, and also investigate geographical variations in heat mortality risk and sources of uncertainty including population adaptation. Our findings suggest that future heat mortality risk attributable to elevated warm season temperature is likely to be significant in both countries studied, with substantial geographic variations, highlighting the significance of climate mitigation and local-level heat risk management.
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Bayless, Brittany N. ""The show windows of a state" a comparative study on classification of Michigan, Indiana , and Ohio parks /." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1143423813.
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Shelley, Christopher Ward. "The Resurrection of a River: The Umatilla and its Salmon." PDXScholar, 2002. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3971.
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Until the 1990s, salmon had been extinct from the Umatilla River for over 70 years. The struggle to bring salmon back to this river is a compelling story that exemplifies some of the new relationships in Columbia River Basin salmon management.
The Umatilla River and the disappearance of its salmon was a local issue. Irrigation interests had used the river so thoroughly it ceased to flow during the late summer and fall months-precisely when salmon needed it for migration. The Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation saw decided that they would change that: they would figure out a way to put both salmon and water back into the river.
This thesis examines this process. First, it contextualizes the Umatilla River within the Columbia River Basin and Columbia Basin salmon management, and shows how a local salmon issue became a regional salmon issue. It then discusses the triangle of relationships that Indians, salmon, and hatcheries have come to form. Chapter III discusses the formation of the unique Umatilla Fish Restoration Program, which reintroduced fish into the river, and was paid for by the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA), as per the Northwest Power Act. Key elements within BPA's Fish and Wildlife Division resisted complying with the directives of the Northwest Power Planning Council to pay for the Program, setting the Program back years. I argue that this comes from two clashing ways of seeing the River: "cost-benefit analysis" versus "least cost."
Chapter IV looks at the new partnerships formed in the Umatilla River Basin by the Tribes and irrigation districts in order to encourage the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation to construct a water delivery system that would satisfy irrigators while allowing most of the Umatilla to flow freely.
The last Chapter suggests that these new and somewhat ironic partnerships between federal and state governments, private irrigators and landowners, nongovernmental organizations, and Indian tribes are key to restoring ecosystems in the Columbia River Basin. It further argues that without tribal nations playing an active role and exerting their treaty rights, restoring rivers like the Umatilla is impossible.
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Joly, Carolina 1980. "Pesquisa científica em áreas protegidas do litoral norte de São Paulo : limitações e perspectivas visando a conservação." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281275.
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Orientadores: Simone Aparecida Vieira, Leila da Costa FerreiraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T21:54:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joly_Carolina_D.pdf: 2495903 bytes, checksum: 9b23f1820bfd1db0e20f1ccd9b2d4739 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: A presente pesquisa de doutorado investigou a contribuição das pesquisas acadêmicas para a manutenção e manejo de áreas protegidas, considerando a importância dessas áreas como estratégia fundamental para a conservação da biodiversidade, sobretudo em regiões tropicais, especialmente aquelas localizadas na Mata Atlântica. O destaque de contribuições acadêmicas para a construção conjunta de marcos regulatórios importantes para a conservação ambiental e, em especial, da Mata Atlântica, também está presente na pesquisa. Porém, nosso estudo de caso se deu sob o prisma das áreas protegidas, analisando a atuação de um grupo de pesquisadores, entre alunos e professores, ligados ao Programa BIOTA/FAPESP, em quatro núcleos do Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, localizados no litoral norte do Estado de São Paulo, em relação ao seu grau de envolvimento com a gestão dessas áreas. Verificou-se que, de maneira geral, pesquisadores percebem o potencial da pesquisa acadêmica como subsídio à conservação, porém, na prática, ainda predomina o distanciamento e a desvinculação de questões ligadas à gestão e à manutenção desses refúgios
Abstract: The research has investigated the contribution of academic studies to protected areas management, considering the importance of these areas as a fundamental strategy for environmental conservation, mainly in tropical regions, and especially those located in the Brazilian Rainforest. The importance of academic contributions to the collective construction of regulatory frameworks for environmental conservation, particularly those related to the Atlantic Forest, is also discussed in this research. However, our case study was carried out from the perspective of the administration of protected areas, analyzing the performance of researchers in relation to their degree of involvement with the management of the protected areas where they are working. Our focus was a group of researchers, both students and supervisors, linked to the BIOTA/FAPESP Program and working within four administrative Nuclei of the Serra do Mar State Park in São Paulo State. We found that, in general, researchers do realize the potential contribution of academic research to environmental protection, but in practice, still predominate their disconnection from issues related to management and maintenance of the protected areas where they are carrying out their own research
Doutorado
Aspectos Sociais de Sustentabilidade e Conservação
Doutora em Ambiente e Sociedade
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Guard, Misty Ann. "Business innovation and regulatory enforcement: case studies of the big box retail industry and enforcement of RCRA." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33940.
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The purpose of this research is to examine the following research question: how has enforcement of Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) adapted to the Big Box business system innovation? Additionally, the study explored the possible nature of regulatory choke points that may emerge from the enforcement of RCRA in the Big Box retail system. This study used contingency theory to establish a foundation for analysis of the Big Box business system innovation through identification of structural elements, external influences, and their subsequent interactions associated with the Big Box retail system in terms of environmental compliance with the RCRA enforced by the United States (US) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). This research employed an embedded comparative case study design using the comparison of two Big Box firms, Walmart Stores, Inc. and Target Corporation, nationally and for the following states with opposing enforcement strategies: Arizona, Kentucky, Missouri, and Texas. The data used was obtained from third-party federal or firm-maintained sources.
Findings indicate Walmart adheres to the structural models developed using contingency theory principles and incurs more impacts from regulatory agencies due to the enforcement of RCRA. Furthermore, it was observed that inspections of the firms are not distributed throughout the organizational structural elements by all states. Additionally, the use of different enforcement strategies resulted in the emergence of regulatory choke points by Arizona, Kentucky, and Texas; however, Missouri appears to balance enforcement without causing a regulatory choke point.
This research has identified that the enforcement of RCRA has not universally adapted to the demands of the Big Box business system innovation. Agency implications, firm implications, directions for further research, and continued development of a regulatory choke point theory are discussed.
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Burright, Harmony S. J. "Beyond random acts of conservation : an institutional analysis of the Natural Resource Conservation Service's Agricultural Water Enhancement Program." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/30033.
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Irrigated agriculture accounts for 90 percent of consumptive use of freshwater in the
western US and is considered the largest contributor to nonpoint source water
pollution. The diffuse nature of most water quality and quantity challenges
necessitates institutions that can more effectively engage agricultural producers in
strategic, integrated, watershed-scale approaches to water management such as those
associated with Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM). With
approximately 9,400 professionals working in nearly every one of the nation's 3,071
counties and an emphasis on voluntary, incentives-based approaches to conservation,
the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) is well poised to influence land
and water management on private working lands. NRCS conservation programs,
however, have been criticized as "random acts of conservation" that lack a strategic
vision for addressing natural resource challenges at-scale. Using NRCS's new
Agricultural Water Enhancement Program (AWEP) as a case study, this paper seeks to
examine the factors that enable or inhibit NRCS from promoting an integrated
approach to water management consistent with IWRM principles.
Following the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework this paper
traces the development of AWEP and examines how the rules established at the
national level impact implementation at the national, state and local levels. The paper
then evaluates AWEP based on a set of six IWRM design principles to determine (a)
the extent to which AWEP represents an IWRM approach, and (b) the institutional
factors that facilitate or inhibit NRCS from taking a more integrated approach to water
management. I found that institutional factors vary greatly between levels of analysis
depending on the specific context, but did identify several consistent enablers and
barriers. The three most significant factors that facilitate an IWRM approach are: (1)
AWEP's focus on priority resource concerns within a defined hydrographic area; (2)
AWEP's emphasis on pursuing a partnership-based approach; and (3) increased local
involvement in defining projects. The three most significant factors that inhibit an
IWRM approach are: (1) a lack of clarity concerning partner roles and responsibilities
and constraints on partner involvement; (2) limited flexibility of existing program
rules; and (3) limited local capacity to engage with landowners and implement
projects. The paper offers institutional recommendations for facilitating an IWRM
approach within NRCS, and concludes with a consideration of the utility of IWRM
design principles and the IAD framework for analyzing water management
institutions.Graduation date: 2012
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Wiley, Patrick. "Le mouvement de conservation des ressources naturelles pendant l’ère progressiste : la stratégie et la vision de Theodore Roosevelt." Thèse, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/23771.
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Le mandat de Theodore Roosevelt à la Maison Blanche (1901-1909) fut marqué par de nombreux efforts dans la conservation des ressources naturelles. C’était une thématique doublement importante pour Roosevelt, car non seulement voyait-il les effets négatifs de l’industrialisation sur l’avenir des ressources, mais la nature constituait une de ses passions depuis son enfance. Ainsi, il désirait continuer à développer un mouvement conservationniste qui existait depuis les années 1870. Ultimement, son objectif fut de consolider toutes les ressources naturelles sous l’autorité du gouvernement fédéral, grâce à de nombreuses politiques de développement des forêts, des terres agricoles, des cours d’eau, des pâtures et des terres minérales. Ce mémoire présente les nombreux angles à partir desquels s’est développée la conservation rooseveltienne, en plus d’examiner le rôle d’individus importants dans la communauté de conservation à l’époque de Roosevelt.
De prime abord, les efforts déployés par le 26e Président sont généralement associés aux retombées économiques des ressources ou à leur utilisation concrète et ce, avec raison. Toutefois, nous nous sommes interrogés sur d’autres enjeux de la conservation. Theodore Roosevelt était très attaché à son idée d’une nation typiquement américaine et à ce qu’il considérait comme les valeurs essentielles des États-Unis. Ainsi, nous nous sommes penchés sur le lien qui pouvait exister entre cet idéal de la nation et les efforts pour la conservation des ressources. Cette étude montre donc que, avec son projet de conservation, Roosevelt fut en mesure de rester fidèle à certains des idéaux qui, pour lui, étaient essentiels au bon fonctionnement de la société américaineTheodore Roosevelt's term in the White House (1901-1909) was marked by many efforts in the conservation of natural resources. This was a doubly important theme for Roosevelt, because not only did he see the negative effects of industrialization on the future of resources, but nature had been one of his passions since his childhood. Thus, he wanted to continue to father a conservationist movement that had existed since the 1870s. Ultimately, his objective was to consolidate all natural resources under the authority of the federal government, through numerous policies for the development of forests, agricultural lands, rivers, pastures, ranges and mineral lands. This thesis presents the many perspectives from which conservation developed under Roosevelt, as well as the role of important individuals in the conservation community during the Roosevelt era. Although conservation is generally associated with the economic benefits of natural resources and their actual uses, we explore what other issues conservation could address. Theodore Roosevelt was very attached to his idea of a typically American nation and to what he saw as the essential values of the United States. Thus, we examine the link that might have existed between this ideal of the nation and the efforts to protect natural resources. Our study shows that, by putting his conservation project into practice, Roosevelt was able to remain true to some of the ideals he believed were essential to the proper functioning of American society.