Relevant bibliographies by topics / Natural molecules; Plants

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Natural molecules; Plants'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Natural molecules; Plants"

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COMAN, Cristina, Olivia Dumitrita RUGINA, and Carmen SOCACIU. "Plants and Natural Compounds with Antidiabetic Action." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 40, no. 1 (May 14, 2012): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha4017205.

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Diabetes has become the most common metabolic disease worldwide. In particular, type 2 diabetes is the most commonly encountered type of diabetes, which is characterised by the inability of the organism to respond to normal levels of circulating insulin, also called insulin resistance. Current antidiabetic therapy is based on synthetic drugs that very often have side effects. For this reason, there is a continuous need to develop new and better pharmaceuticals as alternatives for the management and treatment of the disease. Natural hypoglycaemic compounds may be attractive alternatives to synthetic drugs or reinforcements to currently used treatments. Their huge advantage is that they can be ingested in everyday diet. Recently, more attention is being paid to the study of natural products as potential antidiabetics. This mini review of the current literature is structured into three main sections focused on: (a) plant extracts, (b) plant biomolecules, and (c) other natural molecules that have been used for their antidiabetic effects. Potential molecular mechanisms of action are also discussed.
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Lu, Kai, Madhavi Bhat, and Sujit Basu. "Plants and their active compounds: natural molecules to target angiogenesis." Angiogenesis 19, no. 3 (May 6, 2016): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10456-016-9512-y.

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Molteni, Monica, Annalisa Bosi, and Carlo Rossetti. "Natural Products with Toll-Like Receptor 4 Antagonist Activity." International Journal of Inflammation 2018 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2859135.

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Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) are the innate immunity receptors that play an activating role when interacting with molecules released by bacteria and viruses (PAMPs, pathogen-associated molecular patterns) or with molecules released by injured cells and tissues (DAMPs, danger-associated molecular patterns). TLR triggering leads to the induction of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, driving the activation of both innate and adaptive immunity. In particular, Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) has been described to be involved in the inflammatory processes observed in several pathologies (such as ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer). Molecules obtained by natural sources have been discovered to exert an anti-inflammatory action by targeting TLR4 activation pathways. This review focuses on TLR4 antagonists obtained from bacteria, cyanobacteria, and plants.
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Saikin, Semion K., Alexander Eisfeld, Stéphanie Valleau, and Alán Aspuru-Guzik. "Photonics meets excitonics: natural and artificial molecular aggregates." Nanophotonics 2, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2012-0025.

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AbstractOrganic molecules store the energy of absorbed light in the form of charge-neutral molecular excitations – Frenkel excitons. Usually, in amorphous organic materials, excitons are viewed as quasiparticles, localized on single molecules, which diffuse randomly through the structure. However, the picture of incoherent hopping is not applicable to some classes of molecular aggregates – assemblies of molecules that have strong near-field interaction between electronic excitations in the individual subunits. Molecular aggregates can be found in nature, in photosynthetic complexes of plants and bacteria, and they can also be produced artificially in various forms including quasi-one dimensional chains, two-dimensional films, tubes, etc. In these structures light is absorbed collectively by many molecules and the following dynamics of molecular excitation possesses coherent properties. This energy transfer mechanism, mediated by the coherent exciton dynamics, resembles the propagation of electromagnetic waves through a structured medium on the nanometer scale. The absorbed energy can be transferred resonantly over distances of hundreds of nanometers before exciton relaxation occurs. Furthermore, the spatial and energetic landscape of molecular aggregates can enable the funneling of the exciton energy to a small number of molecules either within or outside the aggregate. In this review we establish a bridge between the fields of photonics and excitonics by describing the present understanding of exciton dynamics in molecular aggregates.
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El Menyiy, Naoual, Aya Khouchlaa, Nasreddine El Omari, Gokhan Zengin, Monica Gallo, Domenico Montesano, and Abdelhakim Bouyahya. "Litholytic Activities of Natural Bioactive Compounds and Their Mechanism Insights." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 18, 2021): 8702. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188702.

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Urolithiasis is a disease characterized by the formation of stones, which are crystalline accretions that form in the urinary tract from minerals dissolved in the urine. Moreover, it is considered to be a complex and multifactorial disease, requiring treatment. Unfortunately, current treatments are insufficient or may induce several side effects. In fact, medicinal plants are among the anti-litholytic treatments that are strongly recommended by many studies. Indeed, these natural resources contain bioactive molecules of different natures, such as flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acids, which have recently demonstrated very important anti-litholytic effects. The molecular mechanisms involved are multiple and variable, and can reach cellular and molecular levels. In this review, we have discussed in depth the work that has studied the bioactive molecules of medicinal plants and their major potential against urolithiasis. Scientific databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar, were searched from their inception until April 2021.The cellular and molecular mechanisms are presented and discussed. Some mechanisms of action related to these bioactive compounds are highlighted. This review could provide a scientific starting point for further studies on urolithiasis and natural bioactive compounds, especially flavonoids.
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Carvalho, B. M. A., J. D. L. Santos, B. M. Xavier, J. R. Almeida, L. M. Resende, W. Martins, S. Marcussi, et al. "Snake Venom PLA2s Inhibitors Isolated from Brazilian Plants: Synthetic and Natural Molecules." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/153045.

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Ophidian envenomation is an important health problem in Brazil and other South American countries. In folk medicine, especially in developing countries, several vegetal species are employed for the treatment of snakebites in communities that lack prompt access to serum therapy. However, the identification and characterization of the effects of several new plants or their isolated compounds, which are able to inhibit the activities of snake venom, are extremely important and such studies are imperative. Snake venom contains several organic and inorganic compounds; phospholipases A2(PLA2s) are one of the principal toxic components of venom. PLA2s display a wide variety of pharmacological activities, such as neurotoxicity, myotoxicity, cardiotoxicity, anticoagulant, hemorrhagic, and edema-inducing effects. PLA2inhibition is of pharmacological and therapeutic interests as these enzymes are involved in several inflammatory diseases. This review describes the results of several studies of plant extracts and their isolated active principles, when used against crude snake venoms or their toxic fractions. Isolated inhibitors, such as steroids, terpenoids, and phenolic compounds, are able to inhibit PLA2s from different snake venoms. The design of specific inhibitors of PLA2s might help in the development of new pharmaceutical drugs, more specific antivenom, or even as alternative approaches for treating snakebites.
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Mohamed Yafout, Amine Ousaid, Ibrahim Sbai El Otmani, Youssef Khayati, and Amal Ait Haj Said. "Natural products from the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia: A potential lead for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL1 (November 27, 2020): 1278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3619.

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The new SARS-CoV-2 belonging to the coronaviruses family has caused a pandemic affecting millions of people around the world. This pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization as an international public health emergency. Although several clinical trials involving a large number of drugs are currently underway, no treatment protocol for COVID-19 has been officially approved so far. Here we demonstrate through a search in the scientific literature that the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia, which includes more than 500 medicinal plants, is a fascinating and promising source for the research of natural molecules active against SARS-CoV-2. Multiple in-silico and in-vitro studies showed that some of the medicinal plants used by Moroccans for centuries possess inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2. These inhibitory activities are achieved through the different molecular mechanisms of virus penetration and replication, or indirectly through stimulation of immunity. Thus, the potential of plants, plant extracts and molecules derived from plants that are traditionally used in Morocco and have activity against SARS-CoV-2, could be explored in the search for a preventive or curative treatment against COVID-19. Furthermore, safe plants or plant extracts that are proven to stimulate immunity could be officially recommended by governments as nutritional supplements.
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Acquaviva, Rosaria, Giuseppe Antonio Malfa, and Claudia Di Giacomo. "Plant-Based Bioactive Molecules in Improving Health and Preventing Lifestyle Diseases." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 6 (March 15, 2021): 2991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22062991.

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The Special Issue, “Plant-Based Bioactive Molecules in Improving Health and Preventing Life-style Diseases”, includes original research papers and reviews, which aim to increase knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying multiple biological effects of natural compounds from plants, responsible for maintaining human health and improving many diseases caused by people’s daily lifestyles [...]
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Mousavi, Seyyed Sasan, Akbar Karami, Tahereh Movahhed Haghighi, Sefren Geiner Tumilaar, Fatimawali, Rinaldi Idroes, Shafi Mahmud, et al. "In Silico Evaluation of Iranian Medicinal Plant Phytoconstituents as Inhibitors against Main Protease and the Receptor-Binding Domain of SARS-CoV-2." Molecules 26, no. 18 (September 21, 2021): 5724. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26185724.

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The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which initially appeared in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Elderly individuals and those with comorbid conditions may be more vulnerable to this disease. Consequently, several research laboratories continue to focus on developing drugs to treat this infection because this disease has developed into a global pandemic with an extremely limited number of specific treatments available. Natural herbal remedies have long been used to treat illnesses in a variety of cultures. Modern medicine has achieved success due to the effectiveness of traditional medicines, which are derived from medicinal plants. The objective of this study was to determine whether components of natural origin from Iranian medicinal plants have an antiviral effect that can prevent humans from this coronavirus infection using the most reliable molecular docking method; in our case, we focused on the main protease (Mpro) and a receptor-binding domain (RBD). The results of molecular docking showed that among 169 molecules of natural origin from common Iranian medicinal plants, 20 molecules (chelidimerine, rutin, fumariline, catechin gallate, adlumidine, astragalin, somniferine, etc.) can be proposed as inhibitors against this coronavirus based on the binding free energy and type of interactions between these molecules and the studied proteins. Moreover, a molecular dynamics simulation study revealed that the chelidimerine–Mpro and somniferine–RBD complexes were stable for up to 50 ns below 0.5 nm. Our results provide valuable insights into this mechanism, which sheds light on future structure-based designs of high-potency inhibitors for SARS-CoV-2.
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Karade, Divya, Durairaj Vijayasarathi, Narendra Kadoo, Renu Vyas, P. K. Ingle, and Muthukumarasamy Karthikeyan. "Design of Novel Drug-like Molecules Using Informatics Rich Secondary Metabolites Analysis of Indian Medicinal and Aromatic Plants." Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 23, no. 10 (December 28, 2020): 1113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207323666200606211342.

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Background: Several medicinal plants are being used in Indian medicine systems from ancient times. However, in most cases, the specific molecules or the active ingredients responsible for the medicinal or therapeutic properties are not yet known. Objective: This study aimed to report a computational protocol as well as a tool for generating novel potential drug candidates from the bioactive molecules of Indian medicinal and aromatic plants through the chemoinformatics approach. Methods: We built a database of the Indian medicinal and aromatic plants coupled with associated information (plant families, plant parts used for the medicinal purpose, structural information, therapeutic properties, etc.) We also developed a Java-based chemoinformatics open-source tool called DoMINE (Database of Medicinally Important Natural products from plantaE) for the generation of virtual library and screening of novel molecules from known medicinal plant molecules. We employed chemoinformatics approaches to in-silico screened metabolites from 104 Indian medicinal and aromatic plants and designed novel drug-like bioactive molecules. For this purpose, 1665 ring containing molecules were identified by text mining of literature related to the medicinal plant species, which were later used to extract 209 molecular scaffolds. Different scaffolds were further used to build a focused virtual library. Virtual screening was performed with cluster analysis to predict drug-like and lead-like molecules from these plant molecules in the context of drug discovery. The predicted drug-like and lead-like molecules were evaluated using chemoinformatics approaches and statistical parameters, and only the most significant molecules were proposed as the candidate molecules to develop new drugs. Results and Conclusion: The supra network of molecules and scaffolds identifies the relationship between the plant molecules and drugs. Cluster analysis of virtual library molecules showed that novel molecules had more pharmacophoric properties than toxicophoric and chemophoric properties. We also developed the DoMINE toolkit for the advancement of natural product-based drug discovery through chemoinformatics approaches. This study will be useful in developing new drug molecules from the known medicinal plant molecules. Hence, this work will encourage experimental organic chemists to synthesize these molecules based on the predicted values. These synthesized molecules need to be subjected to biological screening to identify potential molecules for drug discovery research.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Natural molecules; Plants"

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Tang, Lam T. "New routes to heterocyclic product families." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365338.

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Conesa, Muñoz Miquel Àngel. "Hybridization patterns in Balearic endemic plants assessed by molecular and morphological markers." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/9373.

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La hibridació natural a plantes és un fenòmen àmplement conegut. És una important font de variabilitat que accelera l'evolució de les espècies. Es creu que és l'origen de moltes angiospermes, entre elles endemismes locals. Per altra banda, també pot tenir efectes negatius per la supervivència d'aquests endemismes, diluint els seus trets direfencials. En aquesta tesi s'estudia la possible hibridació natural que afecta a tres endemismes baleàrics (Viola jaubertiana, Lotus fulgurans i Helichrysum crassifolium), des del punt de vista dels marcadors moleculars basats en ADN i de la morfologia. S'avalua el paper de la hibridació natural la variabilitat, l'origen i la conservació d'aquestes espècies endèmiques.
Natural hybridization is a widely known process in plants. It is an important source of variation promoting species evolution. It is likely to be the origin of many angiosperms, including local endemisms. Oppositely, it is also regarded as a potential threat for endemisms survivorship, diluting their differentail traits. This thesis deals with putative natural hybridization processes involving three Balearic endemics (Viola jaubertiana, Lotus fulgurans i Helichrysum crassifolium), from the points of view of the DNA molecular markers and the morphology. The role of natural hybridization in the variation, origin, and conservation of the above endemics is evaluated.
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Alber, Annette Veronika. "Phenolic 3-hydroxylases in land plants : biochemical diversity and molecular evolution." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/7651.

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Plants produce a rich variety of natural products to face environmental constraints. Enzymes of the cytochrome P450 CYP98 family are key actors in the production of phenolic bioactive compounds. They hydroxylate phenolic esters for lignin biosynthesis in angiosperms, but also produce various other bioactive phenolics. We characterized CYP98s from a moss, a lycopod, a fern, a conifer, a basal angiosperm, a monocot and from two eudicots. We found that substrate preference of the enzymes has changed during evolution of land plants with typical lignin-related activities only appearing in angiosperms, suggesting that ferns, similar to lycopods, produce lignin through an alternative route. A moss CYP98 knock-out mutant revealed coumaroyl-threonate as CYP98 substrate in vivo and showed a severe phenotype. Multiple CYP98s per species exist only in the angiosperms, where we generally found one isoform presumably involved in the biosynthesis of monolignols, and additional isoforms, resulting from independent duplications, with a broad range of functions in vitro
Graduate
2017-08-31
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Lakshmanan, Aparna. "Modulation of Sodium Iodide Symporter-mediated Thyroidal Radioiodide Uptake by Small Molecule Inhibitors, Natural Plant-based Products and microRNAs." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429407914.

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Raposo, Andréa. "Estrutura genética e fluxo gênico de populações naturais de andiroba (Carapa guianensis Aubl., Meliaceae) visando o manejo e a conservação da espécie." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11137/tde-07082007-114235/.

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A andiroba (Carapa guianensis) é uma espécie arbórea de importância econômica na região Amazônica pelo grande interesse que vem despertando nas indústrias madeireira e cosmética. É uma planta monóica, com floração assincrônica e auto-incompatível. Ela é bastante plástica e se adapta para ocupar diferentes ambientes, sendo encontrada tanto no baixio como na terra firme. Os objetivos do presente estudo foram avaliar a estrutura genética de duas populações naturais de andiroba e quantificar a diversidade genética intrapopulacional, a autocorrelação espacial e o fluxo gênico analisando uma única população em dois ambientes distintos (terra firme e baixio) e em três classes de tamanho (plântulas, jovens e adultos). Para o estudo interpopulacional, foram avaliados 39 indivíduos adultos no município de Porto Acre e 38 em Rio Branco. Já para o intrapopulacional analisaram-se 957 indivíduos do município de Rio Branco. Foram utilizados sete locos polimórficos de microssatélites que permitiram observar 42 alelos em ambas as populações, sendo que as estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos foram muito próximas entre elas. Não foi observada endogamia e a taxa de cruzamento aparente foi alta indicando reprodução por alogamia. A maior parte da variabilidade genética (90,5%) foi encontrada dentro das populações. No entanto, a divergência genética entre as populações (9,5%) foi estatisticamente significativa e pode ser considerada intermediária. Com relação à variabilidade intrapopulacional, observou-se 85 alelos na população Rio Branco, com 67 alelos ocorrendo no ambiente de terra firme e 70 no baixio. A diversidade gênica foi semelhante nas três classes de tamanho na população total e nos dois ambientes, não tendo sido observada endogamia em nenhuma das classes de tamanho dos ambientes. Também não foi observada divergência genética entre as classes de tamanho. Já entre os indivíduos do ambiente de terra firme e os do baixio esta divergência foi baixa (1,63%), mas significativa. A taxa de cruzamento aparente foi alta tanto para os ambientes como para a população total. As analises de autocorrelação espacial dos genótipos revelaram que a população Rio Branco apresentou baixa estruturação espacial, sendo que as árvores localizadas a uma distância de até aproximadamente 370 metros tenderam a ser geneticamente similares. No ambiente de baixio encontrouse este mesmo padrão, com árvores localizadas a uma distância de até 160 metros mostrando-se mais aparentadas entre si. Quando se observou separadamente cada classe de tamanho neste ambiente, verificou-se baixa estruturação na classe dos jovens, e uma disposição quase que aleatória dos genótipos na classe dos adultos. Na terra firme não se observou estruturação espacial dos genótipos em nenhuma das classes. As analises de parentesco das plântulas indicaram que 7,3% dos parentais paternos foram encontrados no ambiente de terra firme e 9,4% no baixio. Este baixo índice encontrado mostra que é grande a quantidade de fluxo gênico vindo de fora da área amostrada. Verificou-se fluxo gênico de longo alcance dentro da população, observando-se uma distância média de até 888,8 metros entre os ambientes. Com base nos conhecimentos gerados sobre a estrutura genética, podem-se estabelecer estratégias de manejo e conservação dessas populações naturais de andiroba.
Crabwood (Carapa guianensis) is a tree of economic importance in the Amazon region, due to the great interest it has been attracting in the wood and cosmetics industries. It is a monoecious species, with asynchronic flowering and self-incompatible. This species is very plastic and adapts to occupy different habitats, and it is found in the lowland and upland habitats. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the genetic structure between two natural populations of crabwood, and to quantify the intrapopulational genetic diversity, the spatial autocorrelation and gene flow of one population, considering two habitats (upland and lowland) and three size classes (seedlings, young plants and adults). For the interpopulational study, 39 adult individuals were evaluated in the municipal district of Porto Acre and 38 in Rio Branco. For the intrapopulational studies, 957 individuals were analyzed in the municipal district of Rio Branco. Seven polymorphic microssatellite loci were used to detect 42 alleles in both populations, were the genetic parameter estimates were very similar to each other. Inbreeding was not observed and the apparent outcrossing rate was high, indicating an outcrossing breeding system for this species. Most of the genetic variability (90.5%) was found to be within populations. However, the genetic divergence between them (9.5%) was statistically significant and can be considered as intermediate. Regarding the intrapopulacional variability, 85 alleles were observed in the Rio Branco population, with 67 alleles occurring in the upland habitat and 70 in the lowland. The genetic diversity was similar in the three size classes in the total population, and in the two habitats. No inbreeding was observed in any of the size classes of either habitat. No genetic divergence was observed between size classes as well. Between individuals of the upland habitat and those of the lowland habitat, this divergence was low (1.63%), but significant. The autocorrelation spatial analysis of the genotypes showed that the Rio Branco population presented low spatial genetic structuring, with the trees located at a distance of approximately 370 meters tending to be genetically similar. In the lowland habitat the same pattern was found, with trees located at a distance of 160 meters tending to be more related between themselves. When each size class of this habitat was observed separately, a low spatial genetic structuring was found in the young classes and an almost random disposal of the genotypes was observed in the adult classes. In the upland habitat, a spatial genetic structure of the genotypes was not observed in any of the size classes. The paternity analysis of the seedlings indicated that 7.3% of the male parents were found in the upland habitat and 9.4% in the lowland. This low index shows that the amount of gene flow coming from outside the sampling area is high. Long-distance gene flow within the population studied was observed, with an average distance of 888.8 m found between habitats. Based in the acquired knowledge on the genetic structure, management and conservation strategies can be established for these natural crabwood populations.
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Weisberg, Alexandra Jamie. "Investigations into the molecular evolution of plant terpene, alkaloid, and urushiol biosynthetic enzymes." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/64408.

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Plants produce a vast number of low-molecular-weight chemicals (so called secondary or specialized metabolites) that confer a selective advantage to the plant, such as defense against herbivory or protection from changing environmental conditions. Many of these specialized metabolites are used for their medicinal properties, as lead compounds in drug discovery, or to impart our food with different tastes and scents. These chemicals are produced by various pathways of enzyme-mediated reactions in plant cells. It is suspected that enzymes in plant specialized metabolism evolved from those in primary metabolism. Understanding how plants evolved to produce these diverse metabolites is of primary interest, as it can lead to the engineering of plants to be more resistant to both biotic and abiotic stress, or to produce more complex small molecule compounds that are difficult to derive. To that end, the first objective was to develop a schema for rational protein engineering using meta-analyses of a well-characterized sesquiterpene synthase family encoding two closely-related but different types of enzymes, using quantitative measures of natural selection on amino-acid positions previously demonstrated as important for neofunctionalization between two terpene synthase gene families. The change in the nonsynonymous to synonymous mutation rate ratio (dN/dS) between these two gene families was large at the sites known to be responsible for interconversion. This led to a metric (delta dN/dS) that might have some predictive power. This natural selection-oriented approach was tested on two related enzyme families involved in either nicotine/tropane alkaloid biosynthesis (putrescine N-methyltransferase) or primary metabolism (spermidine synthase) by attempting to interconvert a spermidine synthase to encode putrescine N-methyltransferase activity based upon past patterns of natural selection. In contrast to the HPS/TEAS system, using delta dN/dS metrics between SPDS and PMT and site directed mutagenesis of SPDS did not result in the desired neofunctionalization to PMT activity. Phylogenetic analyses were performed to investigate the molecular evolution of plant N-methyltransferases involved in three alkaloid biosynthetic pathways. The results from these studies indicated that unlike O-MTs that show monophyletic origins, plant N-MTs showed patterns indicating polyphyletic origins. To provide the foundation for future molecular-oriented studies of urushiol production in poison ivy, the complete poison ivy root and leaf transcriptomes were sequenced, assembled, and analyzed.
Ph. D.
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CANO, PERDOMO EDNA TATIANA, and RODRÍGUEZ JOSÉ LUIS HERNÁNDEZ. "EVALUACIÓN DE LA VARIACIÓN SOMACLONAL EN PLANTAS REGENERADAS IN VITRO DE Phalaenopsis sp, UTILIZANDO MARCADORES MOLECULARES." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/65254.

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Existe actualmente en el mercado una creciente demanda mundial de híbridos genéticamente estables de la especie ornamental Phalaenopsis sp., es necesario entonces desarrollar más protocolos de propagación masiva mediante embriogénesis somática que aseguren altos porcentajes de propagación sin provocar cambios en el genoma de las plantas regeneradas. El presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la Variación Somaclonal de clones regenerados a partir de embriones inducidos en segmentos de hoja de Phalaenopsis Var. Dudú. Se evaluaron también nueve tratamientos para inducción con dos Reguladores del Crecimiento Vegetal. Los tratamientos evaluados fueron: tres concentraciones de BA (1.0, 2.0 y 3.0 mgL-1) y tres concentraciones de 2,4-D (3.0, 4.0 y 5.0 mgL-1) en explantes jóvenes y maduros. El análisis de los datos de las medias de inducción indica que no existen diferencias estadísticas significativas entre los tratamientos, pero la edad del explante sí influye en la capacidad embriogénica del mismo.
INTRODUCCIÓN La familia Orchidaceae es considerada la más extensa y rica en diversidad debido a que está conformada por más de ochocientos géneros y más de veinte mil especies Las orquídeas tienen dos tipos básicos de crecimiento: simpodial en donde el nuevo crecimiento se produce a partir de una yema axilar en sentido horizontal; y monopodial en el cual el nuevo crecimiento se da a partir de una yema apical en sentido vertical como es el caso de la especie Phalaenopsis (Escobar y Múnera 1991) Phalaenopsis es una especie epífita originaria del sureste de Asia India Indonesia y parte de Australia (Rittershausen y Rittershausen 2004) Estas representan uno de los grupos de plantas más apreciados a nivel mundial por el colorido forma y duración de sus flores (Tirado et al 2005) Sin embargo debido a su crecimiento monopodial la propagación vegetativa se ha dificultado y la reproducción sexual se ha visto agravada por la presencia de altos índices de esterilidad en algunos híbridos (Feria et al 2007) Es por ello que se han desarrollado diversas formas de propagación clonal in vitro de Phalaenopsis por ejemplo: la formación de embriones somáticos a partir de callos hojas ápices radicales ápices meristemáticos yemas florales y cuellos o coronas para su posterior regeneración en plántulas (Tirado et al 2005) 2 La producción masiva de orquídeas se puede lograr mediante el uso de técnicas de micropropagación Sin embargo esto puede llevar a la ocurrencia de Variación Somaclonal (VS) lo que provoca cambios genéticos y en consecuencia variaciones morfológicas o fisiológicas en el producto final (Chen y Chen 2007) Puesto que el tiempo de producción de orquídeas es relativamente largo identificar la VS por los rasgos fenotípicos resulta difícil Por ello se pueden utilizar técnicas moleculares como el Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) el Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) o la clonación de genes candidatos mediante el uso de primers degenerados y la Reacción de Cadena de la Polimerasa (PCR) basado en la conservación de secuencias de aminoácidos en los genes diana; que permiten identificar mutaciones genéticas o epigenéticas (Chen y Chen 2007)
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Adhikari, Binaya. "Understanding natural expression of cytoplasmic male sterility in flowering plants using a wildflower Lobelia siphilitica L. (Campanulaceae)." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1532954470078823.

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Oeljeklaus, Julian [Verfasser], and Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Kaiser. "Development and chemical synthesis of natural product-derived and rationally designed small molecule probes for plant biology research / Julian Oeljeklaus ; Betreuer: Markus Kaiser." Duisburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1151446610/34.

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Otto, Julio Cezar Santos. "Determinação do grau de homozigose de genótipos selecionados do híbrido natural W34b (BRA 031143) da espécie Arachis Pintoi Krapov. & Gregory, por meio de marcadores moleculares /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102709.

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Orientador: Catalina Romero Lopes
Banca: Edson Seizo Mori
Banca: Rogério Abdallah Curi
Resumo: O Arachis Pintoi é uma leguminosa forrageira de alta qualidade, apresentando valores de 18 a 25% de proteína bruta, 60 a 67% de digestibilidade "in vitro" da matéria seca e 60 a 72% de digestibilidade da energia bruta, além de apresentar grande aceitabilidade pelos animais. O valor nutritivo do A. Pintoi é mais alto quando comparado com gramíneas e leguminosas tropicais. No sistema de produção animal em pasto a utilização de leguminosa forrageira deve ser valorizada pela qualidade de produção e pelo alto valor nutritivo que é oferecido à dieta e também pelo aporte de nitrogênio atmosférico incorporado aos ecossistemas das pastagens. O uso de leguminosas em pastagens, no Brasil, ainda é muito limitado, seja porque o portfólio de cultivares é pequeno, ou porque o preço da semente ou do material vegetativo é elevado. Neste trabalho foram avaliados quatro genótipos de A. Pintoi (G1, G2, G3 e G4) oriundos de pré-seleção de um híbrido natural da espécie, utilizando o marcador molecular microssatélite visando à seleção de plantas homozigotas para, a partir delas, seguir o processo de melhoramento em cada genótipo para obtenção de linhagens puras. Foram utilizados nesta avaliação 14 locos de microssatélites dos quais, dez mostraram-se polimórficos e quatro monomórficos. O número de alelos observado variou de 1 a 11 por loco, com um total de 85 alelos e média de 8,5 por loco. A heterozigose observada variou de 0,3377 no loco AP183CV a 0,8701 no loco AP190CV com média de 0,6403. As plantas de maior homozigose foram selecionadas para dar continuidade ao processo de melhoramento e após avaliação agronômica poderão ser lançadas como potenciais cultivares de A. Pintoi. Considerando-se somente as plantas com homozigose superior a 70%, foi possível selecionar cinco plantas do genótipo G1 ...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Not available.
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Books on the topic "Natural molecules; Plants"

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Du, Guan-Hua. Natural Small Molecule Drugs from Plants. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8022-7.

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Zhou, J. Traditional Chinese medicines: Molecular structures, natural sources, and applications. 2nd ed. Aldershot, England: Ashgate, 2003.

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Zhou, Jiaju. Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicines - Molecular Structures, Pharmacological Activities, Natural Sources and Applications: Vol. 5: Isolated Compounds T—Z, References, TCM Plants and Congeners. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

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Mahmud Tareq Hassan Khan (Editor) and Arjumand Ather (Editor), eds. Lead Molecules from Natural Products, Volume 2: Discovery and New Trends (Advances in Phytomedicine). Elsevier Science, 2006.

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Du, Guan-Hua. Natural Small Molecule Drugs from Plants. Springer, 2018.

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Gaines, Susan M., Geoffrey Eglinton, and Jürgen Rullkötter. Echoes of Life. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195176193.001.0001.

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In 1936 a German chemist identified certain organic molecules that he had extracted from ancient rocks and oils as the fossil remains of chlorophyll--presumably from plants that had lived and died millions of years in the past. It was another twenty-five years before this insight was developed and the term "biomarker" coined to describe fossil molecules whose molecular structures could reveal the presence of otherwise elusive organisms and processes. Echoes of Life is the story of these molecules and how they are illuminating the history of the earth and its life. It is also the story of how a few maverick organic chemists and geologists defied the dictates of their disciplines and--at a time when the natural sciences were fragmenting into ever-more-specialized sub-disciplines--reunited chemistry, biology and geology in a common endeavor. The rare combination of rigorous science and literary style--woven into a historic narrative that moves naturally from the simple to the complex--make Echoes of Life a book to be read for pleasure and contemplation, as well as education.
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Wiart, Christophe. Medicinal Plants in Asia for Metabolic Syndrome: Natural Products and Molecular Basis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Wiart, Christophe. Medicinal Plants in Asia for Protozoal Infections: Molecular Basis of Natural Products Pharmacology. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2020.

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(Compiler), Jiaju Zhou, Guirong Xie (Compiler), Xinjian Yan (Compiler), and G. W. A. Milne (Editor), eds. Traditional Chinese Medicines: Molecular Structures, Natural Sources and Applications. 2nd ed. Wiley, 2003.

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Peña, Leandro. Transgenic Plants: Methods and Protocols (Methods in Molecular Biology). Humana Press, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Natural molecules; Plants"

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Bandyopadhyay, Debasish, Valeria Garcia, and Felipe Gonzalez. "Heterocyclic Drugs from Plants." In Promising Drug Molecules of Natural Origin, 215–70. Includes bibliographical references and index.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003010395-11.

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Niero, Rivaldo, Valdir Cechinel Filho, and Rosendo Augusto Yunes. "Medicinal Plants and Phytomedicines." In Natural Products as Source of Molecules with Therapeutic Potential, 1–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00545-0_1.

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Ramawat, K. G., M. Marthur, S. Dass, and S. Suthar. "Guggulsterone: a Potent Natural Hypolipidemic Agent from Commiphora wightii – Problems, Perseverance, and Prospects." In Bioactive Molecules and Medicinal Plants, 101–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-74603-4_5.

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Verma, Peeyushi, and Rakhi Chaturvedi. "In Vitro Plant Cell Cultures: A Route to Production of Natural Molecules and Systematic In Vitro Assays for their Biological Properties." In Medicinal Plants, 215–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31269-5_10.

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Field, Robert A. "Oligosaccharide Signalling Molecules." In Plant-derived Natural Products, 349–59. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85498-4_16.

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Chakma, Nidhi, Moutoshi Chakraborty, Salma Bhyan, and Mobashwer Alam. "Molecular breeding for combating salinity stress in sorghum: progress and prospects." In Molecular breeding in wheat, maize and sorghum: strategies for improving abiotic stress tolerance and yield, 421–32. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789245431.0024.

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Abstract This chapter discusses current progress and prospects of molecular breeding and strategies for developing better saline-tolerant sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) varieties. Most molecular breeding techniques for salt tolerance have been carried out in controlled environments where the plants were not exposed to any variation of the surrounding environment, producing reliable results. Due to the polygenic nature of salt tolerance, the identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) could be false QTLs. Therefore, QTL validation is important in different plant populations and field conditions. Subsequently, marker validation is important before utilizing marker-assisted selection for screening salt-tolerant plants. Combining molecular breeding with conventional breeding can hasten the development of salt-tolerant sorghum varieties.
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Klein, Markus, and Werner Roos. "Handling Dangerous Molecules: Transport and Compartmentation of Plant Natural Products." In Plant-derived Natural Products, 229–67. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85498-4_11.

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Arnold, Michael L., and Simon K. Emms. "Molecular Markers, Gene Flow, and Natural Selection." In Molecular Systematics of Plants II, 442–58. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5419-6_15.

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Chaves-Silva, Samuel, Thamara Ferreira da Silva, and Cristiane Jovelina da-Silva. "Molecular Biology Tools to Boost the Production of Natural Products." In Brazilian Medicinal Plants, edited by Luzia Valentina Modolo, 71–90. Boca Raton, Florida : CRC Press, 2019. | Series: Natural products chemistry of global plants: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22296-4.

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O’Connor, Sarah. "Methods for Molecular Identification of Biosynthetic Enzymes in Plants." In Plant-derived Natural Products, 165–79. New York, NY: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-85498-4_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Natural molecules; Plants"

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Messaili, S., C. Colas, and E. Destandau. "Molecular networks and CPC fractionation for rapid screening of bioactive natural molecules." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399696.

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Kryukov, А. А., A. O. Gorbunova, Sh K. Kurbanniyazov, Yu V. Mikhaylova, A. V. Rodionov, M. F. Shishova, P. M. Zhurbenko, and A. P. Yurkov. "Molecular-genetic identification of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi from Teberda natural reserve." In 2nd International Scientific Conference "Plants and Microbes: the Future of Biotechnology". PLAMIC2020 Organizing committee, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/plamic2020.134.

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Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi of soil samples from North Caucasus were identified via Illumina Miseq and universal primers for ITS region. It was shown, that both ITS1 and ITS2 are necessary for identification.
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Grajdieru, Cristina. "Molecular identification of Aflatoxin-producing aspergillus strains in maize seed-material." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.66.

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Toxigenic fungi are part of soil microbiota and natural inhabitants of agrocenosises and crops. Aflatoxins produced by several Aspergillus species are hazardous biological compounds known as potent carcinogens. Using PCR-based assays, a successful identification of toxigenic A. flavus and A. parasiticus strain was performed. Fungal genome sequences associated with aflatoxin production as target sequences were proved to be effective for identification of toxigenic Aspergillus species.
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Murillo Mejias, Nadia Mariel, and Tien-Hao Hsieh. "Modelos químicos de protoestrellas de masa baja." In I Congreso Internacional de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad Nacional, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15359/cicen.1.40.

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La astroquímica revela la complejidad molecular que se puede formar en el espacio y que eventualmente termina en los planetas. La química también es una excelente herramienta para estudiar la formación y evolución de las estrellas. La formación y destrucción de diferentes especies moleculares dependen de las condiciones físicas en donde se forman las estrellas. Por ello, observaciones de una gran variedad de especies moleculares pueden revelar información sobre la temperatura y densidad de los núcleos protoestelares donde se forman las estrellas. Igualmente, las estructuras y procesos dentro de los núcleos protoestelares también pueden impactar la distribución de las diferentes moléculas. Empleando modelos fisicoquímicos, se investiga la interacción entre las condiciones físicas y las reacciones químicas en el contexto de la formación de estrellas. Este trabajo de investigación genera un conjunto de herramientas que se pueden utilizar para estudiar e identificar los procesos que ocurren dentro de los núcleos protoestelares.
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Zhou, H., K. Ma, G. Jia, J. Zoval, and M. Madou. "Micro Contact Printing of DNA Molecules." In ASME 2004 3rd Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2004-46060.

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The development of DNA sensors has attracted substantial research efforts. Such devices could be used for the rapid identification of pathogens in humans, animals, and plant; in the detection of specific genes in animal and plant breeding; and in the diagnosis of human genetic disorders. The first step to fabricate the DNA sensors is the probe immobilization on the suitable substrate. Traditionally, the DNA probes are spotted on the substrate while the technique hardly controlled the small pattern and surface density of DNA probes. The main challenge here is to achieve probe layer uniformity and the nature of the probe layer itself in few micron and sub-micron feature range.
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Mishra, Ashok Kumar, and Satya Prakash Tewari. "Theoretical evaluation of the bioactivity of a plant-derived natural molecule-D-Pinitol and other derived structure." In ADVANCES IN BASIC SCIENCE (ICABS 2019). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5122568.

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Remy, S., F. Olivon, D. Solis, D. Touboul, and M. Litaudon. "Feature-based molecular networking and network annotation propagation applied to natural antiviral compound research from tropical Euphorbiaceae." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399652.

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Gaudry, A., L. Quirós, A. Rutz, M. Dounoue, M. Kaiser, B. David, L. Marcourt, EF Queiroz, J.-L. Wolfender, and P.-M. Allard. "Multi-informative bioactivity-based molecular networking of a large chemodiverse plant collection allows efficient identification of trypanocidal natural products." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399839.

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Sulaiman Mohd Johari, M., N. Ahmat, Bakar S. Imran Abu, Kamarozaman A. Salihah, and Mohamad S. Aminah Syed. "Chemical constituents, molecular docking, and acetylcholinestrase inhibitory activity of Macaranga gigantea." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399868.

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Kritsanida, M., M. Graziani, E. Karachaliou, M. Litaudon, MA Beniddir, and R. Grougnet. "Investigation of the phytochemical profiles of Boronella spp (Rutaceae) using molecular networking." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3399835.

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Reports on the topic "Natural molecules; Plants"

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Safeguarding through science: Center for Plant Health Science and Technology 2009 Accomplishments. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, February 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7296843.aphis.

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The Center for Plant Health Science and Technology (CPHST) provides scientific support for the regulatory decisions and operations of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service’s (APHIS) Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) program in order to safeguard U.S. agriculture and natural resources. CPHST is responsible for ensuring that PPQ has the information, tools, and technology to make the most scientifically valid regulatory and policy decisions possible. In addition, CPHST ensures that PPQ’s operations have the most scientifically viable and practical tools for pest exclusion, detection, and management. This 2009 CPHST Annual Report is intended to offer an in-depth look at the status of our programs and the progress CPHST has made toward the Center’s long-term strategic goals. CPHST's work is organized into six National Science Programs: Agricultural Quarantine Inspection and Port Technology; Risk and Pathway Analysis; Domestic Surveillance, Detection, and Identification; Emergency Response; Response and Recovery Systems Technology - Arthropods; and Response and Recovery Systems Technology - Plant Pathogens and Weeds. the scientists of CPHST provide leadership and expertise in a wide range of fields, including risk assessments that support trade, commodity quarantine treatments, pest survey and detection methods, molecular diagnostics, biological control techniques, integrated pest management, and mass rearing of insects. Some highlights of significant CPHST efforts in 2009 include: Establishment of the National Ornamentals Research Site at Dominican University of California, Established LBAM Integrated Pest Management and Survey Methods, Continue to develop Citrus Greening/Huanglongbing Management Tools, and further European Grapevine Moth (EGVM) Response.
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