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Journal articles on the topic 'Natural history illustration Australia'

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Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Heckenberg, Kerry. "THOMAS MITCHELL AND THE WELLINGTON CAVES: THE RELATIONSHIP AMONG SCIENCE, RELIGION, AND AESTHETICS IN EARLY-NINETEENTH-CENTURY AUSTRALIA." Victorian Literature and Culture 33, no. 1 (March 2005): 203–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s106015030500080x.

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THOMASMITCHELL(1792–1855), explorer and Surveyor-General in New South Wales between 1828 and 1855, was a talented and competent draughtsman who was responsible for the original sketches and even some of the lithographs he used to illustrate his two journals of exploration, published in 1838 and 1848. In this paper, I will be concerned with the 1838 journal, entitledThree Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia; with descriptions of the recently explored region of Australia Felix, and of the Present Colony of New South Wales. On the whole, it is a detailed and lavishly illustrated account of the land Mitchell encountered, along with its inhabitants and natural history. My particular interest is in offering an explanation for differences between a sepia sketch depicting a cave at Wellington, NSW, that Mitchell prepared as one of the illustrations for geological material included in this journal, and the final lithograph.

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2

Gates, Barbara. "NATURAL HISTORY ILLUSTRATION." Victorian Literature and Culture 33, no. 1 (March 2005): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150305220867.

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INTEREST IN VICTORIAN natural history illustration has burgeoned in recent years. Along with handsome, informative shows at the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York (“Picturing Natural History”), at the American Philosophical Society (“Natural History in North America, 1730–1860”), and at the Royal Botanical Gardens in Melbourne (“Nature's Art Revealed”), the year 2003 saw an entire conference devoted to the subject in Florence, Italy. In 2004, the eastern United States was treated to two more fauna- and flora-inspired shows, both dealing specifically with nineteenth-century British science and illustration.

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3

Köhler, Gunther, Caroline Zimmer, Kathleen McGrath, and S. Blair Hedges. "A revision of the genus Audantia of Hispaniola with description of four new species (Reptilia: Squamata: Dactyloidae)." Novitates Caribaea, no. 14 (July 15, 2019): 1–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.33800/nc.v0i14.201.

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We revise the species of Audantia, a genus of dactyloid lizards endemic to Hispaniola. Based on our analyses of morphological and genetic data we recognize 14 species in this genus, four of which we describe as new species (A. aridius sp. nov., A. australis sp. nov., A. higuey sp. nov., and A. hispaniolae sp. nov.), and two are resurrected from the synonymy of A. cybotes (A. doris comb. nov., A. ravifaux comb. nov.). Also, we place Anolis citrinellus Cope, 1864 in the synonymy of Ctenonotus distichus (Cope, 1861); Anolis haetianus Garman, 1887 in the synonymy of Audantia cybotes (Cope, 1863); and Anolis whitemani Williams, 1963 in the synonymy of Audantia saxatilis (Mertens, 1938). Finally, we designate a lectotype for Anolis cybotes Cope, 1863, and for Anolis riisei Reinhardt & Lütken, 1863. Our main focus is on the populations of anoles formerly referred to as Audantia cybotes which we demonstrate to be a complex of seven distinct species. For these seven species we provide a standardized description of external morphology, color descriptions in life, color photographs in life, description and illustration of hemipenis morphology (if available), distribution maps based on the specimens examined, comments on the conservation status, and natural history notes. Finally, we provide a dichotomous key for the identification of the 14 species of the genus Audantia occuring on Hispaniola.

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4

Happold, D. C. D. "Australia: A Natural History." Journal of Arid Environments 11, no. 3 (November 1986): 257–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-1963(18)31214-x.

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5

TOGNONI, FEDERICO. "NATURE DESCRIBED: FABIO COLONNA AND NATURAL HISTORY ILLUSTRATION." Nuncius 20, no. 2 (2005): 347–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/182539105x00024.

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Abstracttitle ABSTRACT /title The article analyses Fabio Colonna's interest in natural history illustration. The re-examination of several pieces of unjustly neglected documentary evidence has allowed us to focus on the essential role of naturalistic illustration in the work of this Neapolitan naturalist. Of great importance was the opportunity to study a herbal that was recently discovered at Blickling Hall, near Norwich in England. This herbal was created using the technique of nature-printing, and reflects Colonna's interest in naturalistic illustration as an essential means of presenting natural data.

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6

Drabsch, Bernadette, Andrew Howells, and Clare Lloyd. "Blending Graphite with Pixels: Natural History Illustration Online." International Journal of Arts Education 14, no. 2 (2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/2326-9944/cgp/v14i02/1-13.

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7

Stratton, Elizabeth. "Art and illustration in the natural history sciences." Endeavour 23, no. 3 (January 1999): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-9327(99)01228-4.

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8

TOGNONI, FEDERICO. "NATURE DESCRIBED: FABIO COLONNA AND NATURAL HISTORY ILLUSTRATION." Nuncius 20, no. 2 (January 1, 2005): 347–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/221058705x00028.

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9

Heatwole, Harold, and Tim M. Berra. "A Natural History of Australia." Copeia 1999, no. 1 (February 5, 1999): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1447419.

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10

Mulrennan, Monica E., C. D. Haynes, M. G. Ridpath, and M. A. J. Williams. "Natural History of Northern Australia." Journal of Biogeography 19, no. 4 (July 1992): 462. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2845577.

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11

BRIDSON, GAVIN D. R. "From xylography to holography: five centuries of natural history illustration." Archives of Natural History 16, no. 2 (June 1989): 121–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1989.16.2.121.

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12

Sallent Del Colombo, Emma. "Natural History Illustration between Bologna and Valencia: The Aldrovandi–Pomar Case." Early Science and Medicine 21, no. 2-3 (June 24, 2016): 182–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733823-02123p05.

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The manuscript Atlas de Historia Natural, known as the Pomar Codex, in the University Library of Valencia contains more than a hundred images that are practically identical to those found in the Tavole acquerellate in the collection of Ulisse Aldrovandi in the University Library of Bologna. I will argue that the overwhelming presence of images belonging to Ulisse Aldrovandi’s collection in the Pomar Codex indicates that future research on this text should be based on trying to understand possible methods of exchange between Italy and the Iberian Peninsula. This case study will enable us to better understand the mechanisms of communication and exchange among early modern members of the Republic of Letters.

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13

Britton, Neil R., and Roger Wettenhall. "Evolution of a Disaster “Focal Point”: Australia's Natural Disasters Organisation." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 8, no. 3 (November 1990): 237–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072709000800303.

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In the study of government structures and processes, the idea of focal points has emerged particularly in relation to public trading or business enterprises. This paper looks briefly at this usage, and then seeks to translate it to the very different context of central government structures for disaster planning and coordination. The particular illustration used is the Australian Natural Disasters Organisation (NDO), which emerged in the 1970s in the heat of Darwin's Cyclone Tracy experience and has been the nearest thing Australia has had to a disaster focal point over the ensuing decade and a half.

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14

Cumming, Suzanne. "Snow. A Natural History; an uncertain Future." Pacific Conservation Biology 4, no. 3 (1998): 273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc980273.

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Alpine and subalpine environments are extremely restricted in Australia, with the highest peaks of the Australian Alps occurring well below the theoretical altitudinal range necessary for a permanent snow cover. The alpine environment also suffers from a lack of continuity, emphasized by the break between the mainland and Tasmanian alpine communities. There is a major concern for the snow country of Australia and the organisms which inhabit, and are totally dependent on, the snow. These environments are under threat from predicted global warming from the enhanced greenhouse effect, leading to a loss of snow cover. Australia is facing the loss, not just of snow, but of the alpine ecosystem itself.

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15

Keast, Allen. "A Natural History of Australia. Tim M. Berra." Quarterly Review of Biology 75, no. 1 (March 2000): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/393265.

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16

Harvey, Michael B. "Pythons of Australia: A Natural History. Geordie Torr." Quarterly Review of Biology 76, no. 4 (December 2001): 507–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/420607.

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17

Arutyunyan, Yuliya Ivanovna. "Problems of classification and study of scientific graphics of the XVII century." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg State University of Culture, no. 3 (52) (2022): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30725/2619-0303-2022-3-160-165.

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The principles of typology of scientific illustration can base on the classification system of sciences: natural (anatomy, medicine, botany, zoology, geography, astronomy, etc.), exact, social (regional history, archaeology, heraldry and genealogy). Technical illustration (mathematics, physics, chemistry) and applied graphics, images in works related to body techniques are considered separately. Classification by type of publications, by the ratio of text and visual series is acceptable: treatises, overages, catalogs. Classification by methods of description is possible: scientific work, travelogue, educational publication, illustrated list. Methodological approaches to the analysis of illustration: iconological, visual studies, multidisciplinary - form the research base for the study of scientific graphics.

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18

Kabat, Alan R. "Richard Frederick Deckert (1878–1971), Florida naturalist and natural history artist." Archives of Natural History 39, no. 2 (October 2012): 321–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2012.0098.

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Richard Deckert (born in Germany in 1878, immigrated to New York in 1887, died in Florida in 1971) was a polymath with great enthusiasm and wide ranging interests in natural history. His collections and publications did much to document the reptiles, amphibians, and land snails of Florida. His contributions to natural history illustration were equally important, as his carefully detailed line drawings and water colour paintings delineated the intricate details of snails, fishes, amphibians, and reptiles (particularly snakes and turtles), as well as fossil vertebrates, and were used in a wide range of systematic publications. Deckert also contributed to the modernization of fish taxidermy, leading to the current methods for creating lifelike fish mounts. This paper documents his scientific and artistic work.

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19

Chia, Yen Lin, Peter Salzman, Sylvia K. Plevritis, and Peter W. Glynn. "Simulation-based parameter estimation for complex models: a breast cancer natural history modelling illustration." Statistical Methods in Medical Research 13, no. 6 (December 2004): 507–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0962280204sm380ra.

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20

Stewart, Alistair. "Becoming-Speckled Warbler: Re/creating Australian Natural History Pedagogy." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 27, no. 1 (2011): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600000082.

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AbstractThe speckled warbler and other woodland birds of south-eastern Australia have declined dramatically since European settlement; many species are at risk of becoming locally and/or nationally extinct. Coincidently, Australian environmental education research of the last decade has largely been silent on the development of pedagogy that refects the natural history of this continent (Stewart, 2006). The current circumstances that face the speckled warbler, I argue, is emblematic of both the state of woodland birds of south-eastern Australia, and the condition of natural history pedagogy within Australian environmental education research. In this paper I employ Deleuze and Guattari's (1987) philosophy “becoming-animal” to explore ways that the life and circumstances of the speckled warbler might inform natural history focused Australian environmental education research. The epistemology and ontology ofbecoming-speckled warbleroffers a basis to reconsider and strengthen links between Australian natural history pedagogy and notions of sustainability.

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21

Kennedy, Andrea. "The beauty of Victorian beasts: illustration in the Reverend J. G. Wood's Homes without hands (W. T. Stearn Prize 2012)." Archives of Natural History 40, no. 2 (October 2013): 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2013.0168.

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The Reverend John George Wood (1827–1889) was a successful popularizer of natural history in the Victorian era. His Illustrated natural history (1853) and Common objects series (1857–1858) have been written about extensively. However, historians have largely ignored his most successful book, Homes without hands, in spite of its exquisite designs and profound connections with natural domesticity. In addition, little research has been conducted on the illustrations that appear across Wood's publications, despite their great popularity during his lifetime. This article examines the creation, popularization and methods of communication of this beautiful natural history book. A work explicitly about animal dwellings, Homes without hands was exceedingly popular during its time, as will be shown through an analysis of previously unpublished impression and sales records from the Longman's publishing archive at Reading University. Furthermore, this article will reveal Wood's use of advanced methods in printing and engraving technologies, which made Homes without hands more accessible to the public, particularly through the use of electrotype. In addition, Wood adapted his illustrations for the sake of uniting pleasing aesthetics with scientific representations. Wood's proactive involvement in the illustrative processes of the book ensured that his vision was fully enacted in the final designs. There were elements of danger and domesticity present throughout Wood's work, which functioned as a method for enticing readership and communicating social and religious messages. This will be revealed through a close analysis of a few specific illustrations. Wood dynamically united illustration and text to create a useful domestic piece of natural history, for and about the home. This article seeks to combine methods of examination of both natural history illustration and literature through the investigation of a single book, to better communicate how works of Victorian natural history functioned as a whole.

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22

Mader, Bryn J. "Clarification of the name-bearing type for “Mesohippus” validus Osborn (Mammalia, Perissodactyla)." Journal of Paleontology 67, no. 6 (November 1993): 1088–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000025464.

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In 1904 Osborn named a new species of Mesohippus, M. validus, based on a specimen consisting of a skull, jaws, and portions of the limbs. Osborn identified this specimen as American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) catalog number 680 and provided a brief description, some measurements, and an illustration.

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23

Graber, Anna, Clare Griffin, Rachel Koroloff, and Audra Yoder. "Introduction: The Natural Turn in Early Modern Russian History." ВИВЛIОθИКА: E-Journal of Eighteenth-Century Russian Studies 6 (December 7, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21900/j.vivliofika.v6.542.

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This introduction to the Vivliofika special issue, Animal, Vegetable, Mineral, illuminates the rich scholarship examining ideas about nature in the early modern Russian context. Starting with the basic question of how early modern Russians conceived of the natural world, the authors explore the numerous ways in which this question has been asked and answered by Russian historians and historians of science from the mid-twentieth century on. Acknowledging that these questions have recently been treated differently, the authors argue for a ‘natural turn’ in the scholarship. This introduction brings together Anglophone and Russophone literature to sketch the state the field before offering a relatively brief but nuanced history of the concept of the ‘Three Kingdoms of Nature’ (Tria Regna Naturae) which frames the project as a whole. The authors show how the early eighteenth-century articulation of the Tria Regna Naturae sat at the confluence of ancient Greek, early Christian, and more modern, cameralist attempts to classify and divide, and thereby understand the natural world. Muscovite and early modern Russian approaches to the question of the natural world were influenced by this Western historiography, and yet they stood apart from those traditions in interesting ways detailed by the essays in this volume. Ultimately the authors here advance new methods for understanding how early modern Russians understood the natural world, methods which focus on the practices of knowledge making in general, and those of transcription, translation, and illustration in specific.

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24

Chesterman1, John. "Natural-Born Subjects? Race and British Subjecthood in Australia." Australian Journal of Politics and History 51, no. 1 (March 2005): 30–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8497.2005.00358.x.

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25

Rutz, Christian, Shoko Sugasawa, Jessica E. M. van der Wal, Barbara C. Klump, and James J. H. St Clair. "Tool bending in New Caledonian crows." Royal Society Open Science 3, no. 8 (August 2016): 160439. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160439.

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‘Betty’ the New Caledonian crow astonished the world when she ‘spontaneously’ bent straight pieces of garden wire into hooked foraging tools. Recent field experiments have revealed that tool bending is part of the species' natural behavioural repertoire, providing important context for interpreting Betty's iconic wire-bending feat. More generally, this discovery provides a compelling illustration of how natural history observations can inform laboratory-based research into the cognitive capacities of non-human animals.

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26

Harvey, Ken. "Patents, pills and politics: the Australia–United States Free Trade Agreement and the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme." Australian Health Review 28, no. 2 (2004): 218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah040218.

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There is tension between the need of the pharmaceutical innovator for intellectual property protection and the need of society for equitable and affordable access to innovative drugs. The recent Australia?United States Free Trade Agreement provides a nice illustration of this interplay between patents, pills and politics. This article provides a brief history of patent law as applied to pharmaceuticals, describes how the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme got caught up in AUSFTA negotiations, analyses the clauses that are likely to impact upon the PBS and describes the political process that reviewed and ultimately amended the AUSFTA.

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27

Takita, Toru, Helen K. Larson, and Atsushi Ishimatsu. "The natural history of mudskippers in northern Australia, with field identification characters." Beagle : Records of the Museums and Art Galleries of the Northern Territory 27 (December 2011): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5962/p.287482.

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28

Orlova, T. "Development of Public History in Australia." Problems of World History, no. 15 (September 14, 2021): 193–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2021-15-10.

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The present article is aimed at demonstrating the importance of new for Ukrainian historiography direction of public history, for the country’s development and for strengthening its stance at the international arena. Australia is taken for an example, as it has turned from once remote Terra Incognita into one of the leading nations of the modern world. It is emphasized that, regardless of attainments, the identity issue is still as urgent as to other countries in the conditions of a global crisis. The sources of the public history trend are revealed, explained are the factors conducive to its spread planet-wise, attention is brought to the fact that this trend has become a natural result of developments in the science of history in the Western civilization, encompassing countries of Europe, the Americas, and Australia. The latter, being a ramification of the Western civilization branch, has adopted the guidelines outlined by American scholars, driven by pragmatic considerations. Steps are determined in the institutionalization of the said direction, a characteristic is given to the activities of the Australian Center of Public History at Sydney Technology University, of the journal “Public History Survey”, as well as to the specifics of their work in the digital era under the motto: “History for the public, about the public, together with the public”. The same motto is leading the historians working with local and family history, cooperating with the State in the field of commemoration, placing great importance on museums, memorials, monuments. Considering national holidays, particular attention is given to the National Day of Apology, reflecting the complications of Australian history. Like American public history, the Australian one began to give much attention to those groups of population that were previously omitted by the focus of research, namely, the aborigines. A conclusion is made regarding the importance of history in general and public history in particular for the implementation of the national identity policy – an important token of the nation’s stable and successful progress.

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29

Miller, Kelly B., and Janice S. Edgerly. "Systematics and natural history of the Australian genus Metoligotoma Davis (Embioptera:Australembiidae)." Invertebrate Systematics 22, no. 3 (2008): 329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/is07018.

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Members of the order Embioptera (webspinners) are among the least known groups of insects, but have a relatively well-developed, phylogenetically unique, and biologically interesting fauna in portions of Australia. The genus Metoligotoma Davis (Australembiidae) is a well-defined group occurring in south-eastern Australia where species are especially distinctive in that they occupy extremely small endemic areas. Additionally, both males and females are wingless, thereby severely limiting opportunities for dispersal. Hypotheses of relationships among these species are not available in a modern phylogenetic context and little is known of their natural history and biogeography. A new species of Embioptera, Metoligotoma rooksi Miller & Edgerly, sp. nov. is described from a male specimen from near Bombala, New South Wales, Australia. A phylogenetic analysis of the genus (including 10 of the 16 known species of Metoligotoma) was conducted using morphological and molecular data from 16S, 28S, COI+COII and H3. The new species is most closely related to M. begae, from which it is geographically separated by the high coastal mountains. The natural history of the genus is reviewed, including descriptions of the silk galleries, habitats and eggs. The biogeography of the genus is examined in light of the phylogeny. No obvious vicariance model supports the current distribution and small endemic areas exhibited by members of the genus. Instead, it is speculated that periodic, rare dispersal events from north to south, and inland over the coastal mountains, resulted in the current distribution of the species. This is the first modern phylogenetic analysis of the Australembiidae, and the first extensive analysis of any group of Embioptera to include molecular data.

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30

Douglas, G. "Nigerian Natural History Archives, Linnean Society of London." African Research & Documentation 55 (1991): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00015855.

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The Society's manuscript holdings date back to those of Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) and among those of his pupils, Thunberg, Sparrman, Solander, and Osbeck all travelled down the West Coast of Africa en route to India, the Far East and Australia. Afzelius was the only one to explore the natural history of West Africa, landing in Sierra Leone, but there is no known material recorded from Guinea. The only specific reference in the Linnaean archives is an undated hand-written note with a description of a monkey “…ex Costa Guinea”.The Society was founded in 1788 and holds the papers of its precursor: the Society for the promotion of Natural History. These include an account of the Harmattan by Henry Smeathmam. His account of the Tarantula is among the Linnean Society papers, but both probably refer to Sierra Leone where Smeathmam collected.

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Douglas, G. "Nigerian Natural History Archives, Linnean Society of London." African Research & Documentation 55 (1991): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00015855.

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The Society's manuscript holdings date back to those of Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1778) and among those of his pupils, Thunberg, Sparrman, Solander, and Osbeck all travelled down the West Coast of Africa en route to India, the Far East and Australia. Afzelius was the only one to explore the natural history of West Africa, landing in Sierra Leone, but there is no known material recorded from Guinea. The only specific reference in the Linnaean archives is an undated hand-written note with a description of a monkey “…ex Costa Guinea”.The Society was founded in 1788 and holds the papers of its precursor: the Society for the promotion of Natural History. These include an account of the Harmattan by Henry Smeathmam. His account of the Tarantula is among the Linnean Society papers, but both probably refer to Sierra Leone where Smeathmam collected.

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32

SZITA, ÉVA, ZSUZSANNA KONCZNÉ BENEDICTY, TAKUMASA KONDO, ANDREA AMALIA RAMOS-PORTILLA, and MEHMET BORA KAYDAN. "Studies on the genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) in the Neotropical region, with description of a new species." Zootaxa 4851, no. 3 (September 11, 2020): 573–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.7.

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The Neotropical scale insect genus Ripersiella Tinsley (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Rhizoecidae) was investigated, based on soil samples deposited at the Hungarian Natural History Museum. Description and illustration of a new species, Ripersiella incarum Kaydan & Szita sp. n., and an identification key and new additional locality records for the currently known Ripersiella species in the Neotropical region, are provided and discussed.

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33

Buchan, Bruce, and Linda Andersson Burnett. "Knowing savagery: Australia and the anatomy of race." History of the Human Sciences 32, no. 4 (July 28, 2019): 115–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0952695119836587.

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When Australia was circumnavigated by Europeans in 1801–02, French and British natural historians were unsure how to describe the Indigenous peoples who inhabited the land they charted and catalogued. Ideas of race and of savagery were freely deployed by both British and French, but a discursive shift was underway. While the concept of savagery had long been understood to apply to categories of human populations deemed to be in want of more historically advanced ‘civilisation’, the application of this term in the late 18th and early 19th centuries was increasingly being correlated with the emerging terminology of racial characteristics. The terminology of race was still remarkably fluid, and did not always imply fixed physical or mental endowments or racial hierarchies. Nonetheless, by means of this concept, natural historians began to conceptualise humanity as subject not only to historical gradations, but also to the environmental and climatic variations thought to determine race. This in turn meant that the degree of savagery or civilisation of different peoples could be understood through new criteria that enabled physical classification, in particular by reference to skin colour, hair, facial characteristics, skull morphology, or physical stature: the archetypal criteria of race. While race did not replace the language of savagery, in the early years of the 19th century savagery was re-inscribed by race.

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34

Steward, Alistair. "Seeing the Trees and the Forest: Attending to Australian Natural History as if it Mattered." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 22, no. 2 (2006): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600001403.

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AbstractDiscourse in the Australian Journal of Environmental Education of the last ten years has not addressed a pedagogy that draws on and reflects the natural history of the continent. Australia is an ecological and species diverse country that has experienced substantial environmental change as a consequence of European settlement. Australians have historically been, and increasingly are, urban people. With high rates of urban residency in a substantially modified landscape, what role might environmental education play in assisting Australians to develop understandings of the natural history of specific Australian places? While Australia has a rich history of people observing, comparing and recording the natural history of the continent, environmental education discourse in this journal has not addressed how pedagogy might be informed by a focus on natural history. This paper draws attention to this gap in Australian environmental education discourse and offers some thoughts and ideas for a pedagogy based on the natural history of specific places.

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35

Ward, Marilyn, and John Flanagan. "Portraying plants: illustrations collections at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew." Art Libraries Journal 28, no. 2 (2003): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200013080.

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The Library & Archives at Kew hold one of the world’s greatest collections of botanical illustration, assembled over the last 200 years. A resource well-known to the natural history community, it contains much to interest art historians. Using this historically rich heritage our forward thinking includes acquisition of more contemporary items and the formulation of a digital strategy for 21st-century access and exploitation.

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36

Landsberg, Hannelore, and Marie Landsberg. "Wilhelm von Blandowski's inheritance in Berlin." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 121, no. 1 (2009): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs09172.

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This article discusses Blandowski’s collections held in various libraries and museums in Berlin, Germany. Wilhelm von Blandowski (1822-1878) was a Prussian ‘Berliner’. He was born in Upper Silesia, a province of Prussia. He worked there in the mining industry and later attended lectures in natural history at the University of Berlin. Following a period in the army, he was influenced by the March Revolution in Germany in 1848. As a result, he left the civil service and migrated to Australia. Blandowski’s first approach to the Museum of Natural History in Berlin was an offer of objects, lithography and paintings ‘forwarded from the Museum of Natural History, Melbourne Australia’ in 1857. After returning to Prussia, Blandowski tried unsuccessfully to get support for publishing Australien in 142 photographischen Abbildungen. Today the Department for Historical Research of the Museum of Natural History owns more than 350 paintings as the ‘Legacy Blandowski’. The paintings illustrate Blandowski’s time in Australia, his enormous knowledge of natural history, his eye for characteristic details of objects and his ability to instruct other artists and to use their work. The text will show these aspects of Blandowski’s life and work and will give an insight into the database of Blandowski’s paintings held at the Humboldt University, Berlin.

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Allmon, Warren D. "The evolution of accuracy in natural history illustration: reversal of printed illustrations of snails and crabs in pre-Linnaean works suggests indifference to morphological detail." Archives of Natural History 34, no. 1 (April 2007): 174–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2007.34.1.174.

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Most natural history illustrations published prior to about 1700 were engraved as drawn and then printed backwards. This is noticeable, however, only for some groups of organisms, such as snails and some crabs, that are not bilaterally symmetrical. The most likely hypothesis for this is that most pre-eighteenth-century engravers, artists, and authors were indifferent to whether such illustrations were presented backwards or forwards. Illustrations of snail shells were not universally printed rightway- forward until the early to mid-eighteenth century, when standards of accuracy in natural history illustration improved as a result of the combined effects of a number of changes in scientific practice, including increasing collecting, publishing, and encyclopedism.

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DOLAN, BRIAN. "Pedagogy through print: James Sowerby, John Mawe and the problem of colour in early nineteenth-century natural history illustration." British Journal for the History of Science 31, no. 3 (September 1998): 275–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087498003306.

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These gems have life in them: their colours speak,Say what words fail of.In an ambitious treatise on the estimated wealth of the British Empire in the year of Waterloo, Patrick Colquhoun added to his calculations of the revenues produced by overseas property the potential profits created through exploiting natural resources. In his ‘political arithmetic’, Colquhoun recognized that an increasingly lucrative resource could be found in ‘mines and minerals’, where ‘various articles extracted from the bowels of the earth, which the new discoveries in chemistry have rendered valuable articles of commerce, have tended greatly to increase the value of the mines’. Such information, accumulated through travel, skilled techniques of identification and analysis, and collecting, proved central to regulating judgements about potential overseas investment by the government.Practices in natural history intersected with the development of British commerce in a number of ways. Mineralogists specially trained to identify rare species of minerals scoured distant shores and collected sack-loads of specimens, seeking information about natural resources that might nourish a developing imperial economy. One such British mineralogist was John Mawe, who in 1804 received patronage from Portugal's Prince Regent to embark on ‘a voyage of commercial experiment’ to the Portuguese territory of Brazil and assess the value of the gold and diamond industries that might revitalize their ailing and isolated economy. National and individual economic interests were informed and served by the multiplication of such acts of commercial speculation, which focused on various kinds of natural resources. Mawe was very conscious that the mineral kingdom held much to be explored. Unlike botany, with Linnaean taxonomy rendering order to the kingdom, knowledge in mineralogy was far from comprehensive. Mawe lamented that ‘few have thought the knowledge of Minerals worthy of their attention, although to them we owe our national strength and riches’. Others also argued that because it addressed national interests, research and education in the earth sciences should be publicly patronized.

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Rosendahl, Daniel, Sean Ulm, and Marshall I. Weisler. "Using foraminifera to distinguish between natural and cultural shell deposits in coastal eastern Australia." Journal of Archaeological Science 34, no. 10 (October 2007): 1584–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2006.11.013.

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Rahman, Taufiq. "'Indianization' of Indonesia in an Historical Sketch." International Journal of Nusantara Islam 1, no. 2 (June 6, 2014): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/ijni.v1i2.26.

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This Article gives some remarks on the history of Indianization in Indonesian archipelago in me remote history. The illustration includes bow this process of Indian influences grew and developed, both in the palaces and the societies. Given this remark the writer comes to the projection on how natural this process was. By reflecting the past the writer is sure that the plurality of religions and cultures in Indonesia is a kind of destiny to be faced peacefully in order to keep the harmony in the nation's social life.

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Shine, Richard. "Natural History of Two Monotypic Snake Genera of Southwestern Australia, Elapognathus and Rhinoplocephalus (Elapidae)." Journal of Herpetology 20, no. 3 (September 1986): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1564507.

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Schilt, Cornelis J. (Kees-Jan). "“To Improve upon Hints of Things”." Nuncius 31, no. 1 (2016): 50–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03101004.

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When Isaac Newton died in 1727 he left a rich legacy in terms of draft manuscripts, encompassing a variety of topics: natural philosophy, mathematics, alchemy, theology, and chronology, as well as papers relating to his career at the Mint. One thing that immediately strikes us is the textuality of Newton’s legacy: images are sparse. Regarding his scholarly endeavours we witness the same practice. Newton’s extensive drafts on theology and chronology do not contain a single illustration or map. Today we have all of Newton’s draft manuscripts as witnesses of his working methods, as well as access to a significant number of books from his own library. Drawing parallels between Newton’s reading practices and his natural philosophical and scholarly work, this paper seeks to understand Newton’s recondite writing and publishing politics.

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Russell-Smith, Jeremy, Lachie McCaw, and Adam Leavesley. "Adaptive prescribed burning in Australia for the early 21st Century – context, status, challenges." International Journal of Wildland Fire 29, no. 5 (2020): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf20027.

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Despite evident advances in knowledge and understanding concerning the application of prescribed burning for delivering benefits in wildfire control and a variety of sociocultural, economic and environmental outcomes, the practical application of prescribed burning in Australia is increasingly administratively and logistically complex, often controversial and climatically challenging. This series of papers does not address the merits or otherwise of prescribed burning – we accept the lessons from antiquity and recent history that the use of prescribed fire in contemporary Australia is essential for reducing, although not always being able to deliver on, wildfire risks and meeting a variety of societal and environmental needs. This special issue focuses on several fundamental adaptive management and monitoring questions: are we setting appropriate management targets? Can these targets and associated indicators be readily measured? Can we realistically deliver on those targets? And if so, what are the costs and/or trade-offs involved? The 10 solicited papers included here provide a sample illustration of the diversity of approaches currently being undertaken in different Australian regions to address complex adaptive management and monitoring challenges.

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Pugliano, Valentina. "Ulisse Aldrovandi’s Color Sensibility: Natural History, Language and the Lay Color Practices of Renaissance Virtuosi." Early Science and Medicine 20, no. 4-6 (December 7, 2015): 358–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15733823-02046p04.

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Famed for his collection of drawings of naturalia and his thoughts on the relationship between painting and natural knowledge, it now appears that the Bolognese naturalist Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522–1605) also pondered specifically color and pigments, compiling not only lists and diagrams of color terms but also a full-length unpublished manuscript entitled De coloribus or Trattato dei colori. Introducing these writings for the first time, this article portrays a scholar not so much interested in the materiality of pigment production, as in the cultural history of hues. It argues that these writings constituted an effort to build a language of color, in the sense both of a standard nomenclature of hues and of a lexicon, a dictionary of their denotations and connotations as documented in the literature of ancients and moderns. This language would serve the naturalist in his artistic patronage and his natural historical studies, where color was considered one of the most reliable signs for the correct identification of specimens, and a guarantee of accuracy in their illustration. Far from being an exception, Aldrovandi’s ‘color sensibility’ spoke of that of his university-educated nature-loving peers.

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Dale, Allan, Karen Vella, Sarah Ryan, Kathleen Broderick, Rosemary Hill, Ruth Potts, and Tom Brewer. "Governing Community-Based Natural Resource Management in Australia: International Implications." Land 9, no. 7 (July 20, 2020): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9070234.

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Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) has grown in stature as a key component of many national natural resource and rural development governance systems. Despite their growth, the integrity of CBNRM governance systems has rarely been analysed in a national context. To enhance dialogue about how best to design and deploy such systems nationally, this paper analyses the Australian system in detail. The Australian system was selected because the nation has a globally recognised and strong history of CBNRM approaches. We first contextualise the international emergence of national CBRM governance systems before analysing the Australian system. We find that a theoretically informed approach recognising regions as the anchors in brokering multi-scale CBNRM was applied between 2000 and 2007. Subsequent policy, while strengthening indigenous roles, has tended to weaken regional brokering, Commonwealth–state cooperation and research collaboration. Our findings and consequent emerging lessons can inform Australian policy makers and other nations looking to establish (or to reform existing) CBNRM governance systems. Equally, the research approach taken represents the application of an emerging new theoretical framework for analysing complex governance systems.

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Adams, David. "Rudolf Steiner's First Goetheanum as an Illustration of Organic Functionalism." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 51, no. 2 (June 1, 1992): 182–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/990714.

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Austrian designer Rudolf Steiner intended his first Goetheanum building in Dornach, Switzerland (1913-1922), among other purposes, to be a dramatic illustration of the principles of a new style of architecture, simultaneously organic and functional. Its unusual forms in carved wood and reinforced concrete, its watercolor murals, and its engraved colored-glass windows were also to be a visual introduction to the metaphysical ideas of Steiner's anthroposophy. The central dynamic of the building was the intersection of its two domes of different sizes, intended by Steiner to express the union of spirit and matter through his treatment of the functions of stage and auditorium. The contrast between the two domed spaces was supported in great detail throughout the interior. Steiner applied formative principles of the natural world to building designs, attempting to achieve an organism-like relation between part and whole, a harmonious adaptation of building to site, and an organic formal quality sympathetic to the human observer. In particular, he employed the principle of metamorphosis in the abstract forms of the building's ornamentation and ground plan, relating this principle to Goethe's studies of biological morphology. He created forms and spaces that not only fulfilled but also directly imaged their functions, including their relationship to their human users. He set forth his new architectural approach within the context of an extensively enunciated architectural theory, whose primary thrust was the encouragement of a clear adaptation of the designs of buildings to a holistically conceived human nature. He pioneered new techniques and styles, which, along with his lectures and writings, have influenced a number of significant artists and architects of the twentieth century.

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THAVANESWARAN, SHANTI. "THE SENSE OF SCENTS." COSMOS 04, no. 01 (May 2008): 39–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219607708000287.

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The scientific study of fragrances brings together many different facets of chemistry, and is an excellent illustration of the importance of chemistry in our daily lives. This article briefly describes the history of fragrance chemistry, from its origins in natural product isolation, to the improved technologies of synthetic chemistry and the analytical methods used to determine fragrance composition. The biological basis of smell and molecular recognition is explored, including examples and applications of fragrant compounds from five different fragrance families.

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Koch, André. "Discovery of a rare hybrid specimen known as Maria’s bird of paradise at the Staatliches Naturhistorisches Museum in Braunschweig." Zoosystematics and Evolution 94, no. 2 (May 31, 2018): 315–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.94.25139.

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The discovery of a rare hybrid specimen of Maria’s bird of paradise (Paradisaeamaria, i.e., P.guilielmi × P.raggianaaugustaevictoriae) in the ornithological collection of the Staatliches Naturhistorisches Museum in Braunschweig (SNMB) is reported. Until today only six male specimens (deposited in the natural history museums in Berlin and New York) and presumably one female have been identified in collections world-wide. The male specimen in Braunschweig corresponds well in its plumage colouration with an historical illustration and photographs of the original type specimen from the 19th century housed at the Berlin collection. It shows intermediate characteristics between both parental species, viz. the Emperor bird of paradise (P.guilielmi) and the Raggiana bird of paradise (P.raggianaaugustaevictoriae). In addition, we try to elucidate the circumstances how this rare specimen of hybrid origin, which formerly belonged to the natural history collection of the factory owner Walter Behrens from Bad Harzburg, came to the SNMB. Our unexpected discovery highlights the importance to maintain, support and study also smaller private natural history collections, since they may house historical voucher specimens of high scientific value.

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Rosenfeld, Sebastián, Claudia S. Maturana, Hamish G. Spencer, Peter Convey, Thomas Saucède, Paul Brickle, Francisco Bahamonde, Quentin Jossart, Elie Poulin, and Claudio Gonzalez-Wevar. "Complete distribution of the genus Laevilitorina (Littorinimorpha, Littorinidae) in the Southern Hemisphere: remarks and natural history." ZooKeys 1127 (November 2, 2022): 61–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.91310.

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Littorinid snails are present in most coastal areas globally, playing a significant role in the ecology of intertidal communities. Laevilitorina is a marine gastropod genus distributed exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, with 21 species reported from South America, the sub-Antarctic islands, Antarctica, New Zealand, Australia and Tasmania. Here, an updated database of 21 species generated from a combination of sources is presented: 1) new field sampling data; 2) published records; 3) the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) and The Atlas of Living Australia (ALA), to provide a comprehensive description of the known geographic distribution of the genus and detailed occurrences for each of the 21 species. The database includes 813 records (occurrences), 53 from field sampling, 174 from the literature, 128 from GBIF, and 458 from ALA. West Antarctica had the highest species richness (8 species), followed by sub-Antarctic islands of New Zealand (4 species) and the south-east shelf of Australia (4 species). The provinces of Magellan, New Zealand South Island, and sub-Antarctic Islands of the Indian Ocean include two species each. This study specifically highlights reports of L. pygmaea and L. venusta, species that have been almost unrecorded since their description. Recent advances in molecular studies of L. caliginosa showed that this species does not correspond to a widely distributed taxon, but to multiple divergent lineages distributed throughout the Southern Ocean. Ongoing molecular and taxonomic studies are necessary for a better understanding of the diversity and biogeography of this genus.

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Trembath, Dane F., Simon Fearn, and Eivind Andreas Baste Undheim. "Natural history of the slaty grey snake (Stegonotus cucullatus) (Serpentes:Colubridae) from tropical north Queensland, Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 57, no. 2 (2009): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo08091.

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Slaty grey snakes (Stegonotus cucullatus) are medium to large members of the Colubridae that are common throughout the eastern and northern tropics of Australia. Although intensive field studies have been conducted on populations in the Northern Territory for over 10 years, no ecological data have been presented on free-ranging specimens of populations inhabiting tropical north Queensland. During a 10-year period we collected opportunistic data on 120 free-ranging specimens from the seasonally Wet Tropics in north Queensland. These snakes provided data on body sizes, activity times, food habits and reproduction. Male S. cucullatus were larger than females and had larger heads. More snakes were found during the warmer, humid parts of the year (wet season). S. cucullatus ate a wide range of vertebrate prey, including reptile eggs that were obtained seasonally. Females produced one clutch per year, and no relationship was found between maternal snout–vent length and clutch size.

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