Academic literature on the topic 'Natural Hazards not elsewhere classified'
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Journal articles on the topic "Natural Hazards not elsewhere classified"
Kelly, Matthew, and Yuriy Kuleshov. "Flood Hazard Assessment and Mapping: A Case Study from Australia’s Hawkesbury-Nepean Catchment." Sensors 22, no. 16 (August 19, 2022): 6251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22166251.
Full textChaudhary, Muhammad T., and Awais Piracha. "Natural Disasters—Origins, Impacts, Management." Encyclopedia 1, no. 4 (October 30, 2021): 1101–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1040084.
Full textRead, Laura K., and Richard M. Vogel. "Hazard function theory for nonstationary natural hazards." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 16, no. 4 (April 11, 2016): 915–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-915-2016.
Full textRead, L. K., and R. M. Vogel. "Hazard function theory for nonstationary natural hazards." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions 3, no. 11 (November 13, 2015): 6883–915. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-3-6883-2015.
Full textBritton, Neil R. "Uncommon Hazards and Orthodox Emergency Management: Toward a Reconciliation." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 10, no. 2 (August 1992): 329–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072709201000206.
Full textLlasat-Botija, M., M. C. Llasat, and L. López. "Natural Hazards and the press in the western Mediterranean region." Advances in Geosciences 12 (July 30, 2007): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-12-81-2007.
Full textHussain, Muhammad Awais, Shuai Zhang, Muhammad Muneer, Muhammad Aamir Moawwez, Muhammad Kamran, and Ejaz Ahmed. "Assessing and Mapping Spatial Variation Characteristics of Natural Hazards in Pakistan." Land 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010140.
Full textPaterson, Barbara, and Anthony Charles. "A global comparison of community-based responses to natural hazards." Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 19, no. 11 (November 7, 2019): 2465–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-2465-2019.
Full textHasan Zaid, Hussein Ahmed, T. A. Jamaluddin, and Mohd Hariri Arifin. "Overview Of Slope Stability, Earthquakes, Flash Floods And Expansive Soil Hazards In The Republic Of Yemen." Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia 71 (May 31, 2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7186/bgsm71202106.
Full textTuo, Fei, Xuan Peng, Qiang Zhou, and Jing Zhang. "ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS AND RADIOLOGICAL HAZARDS IN BUILDING MATERIALS." Radiation Protection Dosimetry 188, no. 3 (January 20, 2020): 316–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncz289.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Natural Hazards not elsewhere classified"
Jones, Christopher Charles Rawlinson. "A study of novel computing methods for solving large electromagnetic hazards problems." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2002. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/18842/.
Full textGrahn, Tonje. "A Nordic Perspective on Data Availability for Quantification of Losses due to Natural Hazards." Licentiate thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för miljö- och livsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-41138.
Full textNaturolyckor orsakar enorma mängder skador över hela världen varje år. Under åren 1994-2013 förlorade mer än 1,35 miljoner människor sina liv och mer än 116 miljoner hem skadades. Förståelse av risk för naturolyckor innebär kunskap om sårbarhet, kapacitet, exponering av personer och tillgångar, hot och miljö. Kvantitativa skadebedömningar, som är en viktig del av riskbedömningar, omfattas av stora utmaningar som grundar sig i hotens mångfaldighet och det faktum att en naturolycka kan påverka ett samhälle negativt på många olika sätt. Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen är att analysera förhållandet mellan naturkatastrofer och potentiellt påföljande skador i syfte att förbättra förutsättningarna för kvantitativa riskbedömningar i framtiden. Avhandlingen koncentrerar sig på två typer av naturolyckor med specifika konsekvenser, 1) skador på byggnader till följd av sjö-översvämningar, och 2) förlust av liv orsakat av lerskred. Flera orsakssamband mellan riskfaktorer och omfattning av skador har identifierats. Sjöarnas vattennivåer ökade sannolikheten att drabbas av strukturell byggnadsskada, samtidigt som privat initierade åtgärder minskande sannolikheten.. När avstånd mellan sjö och byggnad ökade minskade omfattningen av översvämningsskador, men ökade ju längre sjööversvämningen varade. Hus byggda före 1940 fick mindre skador jämfört med andra hus. Andelen dödsfall i samband med skred i kvicklera ökade när antal människor i den exponerade befolkningen ökade. Den största utmaningen i att förbättra dagens kvantitativa skadebedömningar är den rådande databristen vad gäller förluster och tillhörande riskfaktorer. Denna brist beror på otillgänglig skadedata, bristande detaljnivå på skadedata och tillhörande risk faktorer, och att uppgifterna sällan samlas systematiskt i syfte att studera kausalitet.
The overall aim of the thesis is to analyze the relationship between climate-related natural hazards and subsequent damage for the purpose of improving the prerequisite for quantitative risk assessments in the future. The thesis concentrates on two specific types of hazards with specific types of consequences, 1) damage to buildings caused by lake floods, and 2) loss of lives caused by quick clay landslides. Several causal relationships were established between risk factors and the extent of damages. Lake water levels increased the probability of structural building damage. Private damage reducing measures decreased the probability of structural building damage. Extent of damage decreased with distance to waterfront but increased with longer flood duration while prewar houses suffered lower flood damage compared to others. Concerning landslides, the number of fatalities increased when the number of humans in the exposed population increased. The main challenges to further damage estimation are data scarcity, insufficient detail level and the fact that the data are rarely systematically collected for scientific purposes.
Pool, Ursula. "The impact of water and anthropogenic objects on implicit evaluations of natural scenes : a restorative environments perspective." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2017. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/17669/.
Full textPedder-Smith, Rachel. "The glow of significance : narrating stories using natural history specimens." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2011. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/430/.
Full textCaon, Maurizio. "Context-aware gestural interaction in the smart environments of the ubiquitous computing era." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/344619.
Full text(7026707), Siddharth Saksena. "Integrated Flood Modeling for Improved Understanding of River-Floodplain Hydrodynamics: Moving beyond Traditional Flood Mapping." Thesis, 2019.
Find full text(7484483), Soohyun Yang. "COUPLED ENGINEERED AND NATURAL DRAINAGE NETWORKS: DATA-MODEL SYNTHESIS IN URBANIZED RIVER BASINS." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textIn urbanized river basins, sanitary wastewater and urban runoff (non-sanitary water) from urban agglomerations drain to complex engineered networks, are treated at centralized wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and discharged to river networks. Discharge from multiple WWTPs distributed in urbanized river basins contributes to impairments of river water-quality and aquatic ecosystem integrity. The size and location of WWTPs are determined by spatial patterns of population in urban agglomerations within a river basin. Economic and engineering constraints determine the combination of wastewater treatment technologies used to meet required environmental regulatory standards for treated wastewater discharged to river networks. Thus, it is necessary to understand the natural-human-engineered networks as coupled systems, to characterize their interrelations, and to understand emergent spatiotemporal patterns and scaling of geochemical and ecological responses.
My PhD research involved data-model synthesis, using publicly available data and application of well-established network analysis/modeling synthesis approaches. I present the scope and specific subjects of my PhD project by employing the Drivers-Pressures-Status-Impacts-Responses (DPSIR) framework. The defined research scope is organized as three main themes: (1) River network and urban drainage networks (Foundation-Pathway of Pressures); (2) River network, human population, and WWTPs (Foundation-Drivers-Pathway of Pressures); and (3) Nutrient loads and their impacts at reach- and basin-scales (Pressures-Impacts).
Three inter-related research topics are: (1) the similarities and differences in scaling and topology of engineered urban drainage networks (UDNs) in two cities, and UDN evolution over decades; (2) the scaling and spatial organization of three attributes: human population (POP), population equivalents (PE; the aggregated population served by each WWTP), and the number/sizes of WWTPs using geo-referenced data for WWTPs in three large urbanized basins in Germany; and (3) the scaling of nutrient loads (P and N) discharged from ~845 WWTPs (five class-sizes) in urbanized Weser River basin in Germany, and likely water-quality impacts from point- and diffuse- nutrient sources.
I investigate the UDN scaling using two power-law scaling characteristics widely employed for river networks: (1) Hack’s law (length-area power-law relationship), and (2) exceedance probability distribution of upstream contributing area. For the smallest UDNs, length-area scales linearly, but power-law scaling emerges as the UDNs grow. While area-exceedance plots for river networks are abruptly truncated, those for UDNs display exponential tempering. The tempering parameter decreases as the UDNs grow, implying that the distribution evolves in time to resemble those for river networks. However, the power-law exponent for mature UDNs tends to be larger than the range reported for river networks. Differences in generative processes and engineering design constraints contribute to observed differences in the evolution of UDNs and river networks, including subnet heterogeneity and non-random branching.
In this study, I also examine the spatial patterns of POP, PE, and WWTPs from two perspectives by employing fractal river networks as structural platforms: spatial hierarchy (stream order) and patterns along longitudinal flow paths (width function). I propose three dimensionless scaling indices to quantify: (1) human settlement preferences by stream order, (2) non-sanitary flow contribution to total wastewater treated at WWTPs, and (3) degree of centralization in WWTPs locations. I select as case studies three large urbanized river basins (Weser, Elbe, and Rhine), home to about 70% of the population in Germany. Across the three river basins, the study shows scale-invariant distributions for each of the three attributes with stream order, quantified using extended Horton scaling ratios; a weak downstream clustering of POP in the three basins. Variations in PE clustering among different class-sizes of WWTPs reflect the size, number, and locations of urban agglomerations in these catchments.
WWTP effluents have impacts on hydrologic attributes and water quality of receiving river bodies at the reach- and basin-scales. I analyze the adverse impacts of WWTP discharges for the Weser River basin (Germany), at two steady river discharge conditions (median flow; low-flow). This study shows that significant variability in treated wastewater discharge within and among different five class-sizes WWTPs, and variability of river discharge within the stream order <3, contribute to large variations in capacity to dilute WWTP nutrient loads. For the median flow, reach-scale water quality impairment assessed by nutrient concentration is likely at 136 (~16%) locations for P and 15 locations (~2%) for N. About 90% of the impaired locations are the stream order < 3. At basin-scale analysis, considering in stream uptake resulted 225 (~27%) P-impaired streams, which was ~5% reduction from considering only dilution. This result suggests the dominant role of dilution in the Weser River basin. Under the low flow conditions, water quality impaired locations are likely double than the median flow status for the analyses. This study for the Weser River basin reveals that the role of in-stream uptake diminishes along the flow paths, while dilution in larger streams (4≤ stream order ≤7) minimizes the impact of WWTP loads.
Furthermore, I investigate eutrophication risk from spatially heterogeneous diffuse- and point-source P loads in the Weser River basin, using the basin-scale network model with in-stream losses (nutrient uptake).Considering long-term shifts in P loads for three representative periods, my analysis shows that P loads from diffuse-sources, mainly from agricultural areas, played a dominant role in contributing to eutrophication risk since 2000s, because of ~87% reduction of point-source P loads compared to 1980s through the implementation of the EU WFD. Nevertheless, point-sources discharged to smaller streams (stream order < 3) pose amplification effects on water quality impairment, consistent with the reach-scale analyses only for WWTPs effluents. Comparing to the long-term water quality monitoring data, I demonstrate that point-sources loads are the primary contributors for eutrophication in smaller streams, whereas diffuse-source loads mainly from agricultural areas address eutrophication in larger streams. The results are reflective of spatial patterns of WWTPs and land cover in the Weser River basin.
Through data-model synthesis, I identify the characteristics of the coupled natural (rivers) – humans – engineered (urban drainage infrastructure) systems (CNHES), inspired by analogy, coexistence, and causality across the coupled networks in urbanized river basins. The quantitative measures and the basin-scale network model presented in my PhD project could extend to other large urbanized basins for better understanding the spatial distribution patterns of the CNHES and the resultant impacts on river water-quality impairment.
(6594389), Mahsa Modiri-Gharehveran. "INDIRECT PHOTOCHEMICAL FORMATION OF COS AND CS2 IN NATURAL WATERS: KINETICS AND REACTION MECHANISMS." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textIn the first part of this thesis (chapters 2 and 3), nine natural waters ranging in salinity were spiked with various organic sulfur precursors (e.g. cysteine, cystine, dimethylsulfide (DMS) and methionine) exposed to simulated sunlight over varying exposures. Other water quality conditions including the presence of O2, CO and temperature were also varied. Results indicated that COS and CS2 formation increased up to 11× and 4×, respectively, after 12 h of sunlight while diurnal cycling exhibited varied effects. COS and CS2 formation were also strongly affected by the DOC concentration, organic sulfur precursor type, O2 concentration, and temperature while salinity differences and CO addition did not play a significant role.
To then specifically evaluate the role of DOM in cleaner matrices, COS and CS2 formation was examined in synthetic waters (see chapters 4 and 5). In this case, synthetic waters were spiked with different types of DOM isolates ranging from freshwater to ocean water along with either cysteine or DMS and exposed to simulated sunlight for up to 4 h. Surprisingly, CS2 was not formed under any of the tested conditions, indicating that other water quality constituents, aside from DOM, were responsible for its formation. However, COS formation was observed. Interestingly, COS formation with cysteine was fairly similar for all DOM types, but increasing DOM concentration actually decreased formation. This is likely due to the dual role of DOM on simultaneously forming and quenching the reactive intermediates (RIs). Additional experiments with quenching agents to RIs (e.g. 3DOM* and ·OH) further indicated that ·OH was not involved in COS formation with cysteine but 3DOM* was involved. This result differed with DMS in that ·OH and 3DOM* were both found to be involved. In addition, treating DOM isolates with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) to reduce ketone/aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols increased COS formation, which implied that the RIs formed by these functional groups in DOM were not involved. The alcohols formed by this process were not likely to act as quenching agents since they have been shown to low in reactivity. Since ketones are known to form high-energy-triplet-states of DOM while quinones are known to form low-energy-triplet-states of DOM, removing ketones from the system further supported the role of low-energy-triplet-states on COS formation. This was initially hypothesized by findings from the testes on DOM types. In the end there are several major research contributions from this thesis. First, cysteine and DMS have different mechanisms for forming COS. Second, adding O2 decreased COS formation, but it did not stop it completely, which suggests that further research is required to evaluate the role of RI in the presence of O2. Lastly, considering the low formation yields of COS and CS2 formation from the organic sulfur precursors tested in this study, it is believed that some other organic sulfur precursors are missing which are likely to generate these compounds to higher levels and this needs to be investigated in future research.
(5929508), Travis J. Beckett. "Selection and Characterization of Previously Plant-Variety-Protected Commercial Maize Inbreds." Thesis, 2019.
Find full text(6624152), Simran Kaur. "Interfacial Rheological Properties of Protein Emulsifiers, Development of Water Soluble b-Carotene Powder and Food Science Engagement (Emulsifier Exploration)." Thesis, 2019.
Find full textInterfacial rheology describes the functional relationship between the deformation of an interface, the stresses exerted in and on it, and the resulting flows in the adjacent fluid phases. These interfacial properties are purported to influence emulsion stability. Protein emulsifiers tend to adsorb to the interface of immiscible phases, reduce interfacial tension as well as generate repulsive interactions. A magnetic interfacial shear rheometer was used to characterize the surface pressure-area isotherms as well as interfacial rheological properties of two proteins- sodium caseinate and b-lactoglobulin. Then, sodium caseinate was used as a carrier for b-carotene encapsulation.
b-carotene is a carotenoid that exhibits pro-vitamin A activity, antioxidant capacity and is widely used as a food colorant. It is however, highly hydrophobic and sensitive to heat, oxygen and light exposure. Thus b-carotene as food ingredient is mainly available as purified crystals or as oil-in-water emulsions. In this study, b-carotene stability, and solubility in water for application as a natural colorant was improved by preparation of a sodium caseinate/ b-carotene powder using high pressure homogenization, solvent evaporation and spray drying. The powders thus prepared showed good solubility in water and yielded an orange coloration from b-carotene. The effect of medium chain triglyceride concentration (1%, 10%) and incorporation of a natural antioxidant (Duralox, Kalsec) on powder stability was studied as a function of storage time and temperature.b-carotene stability was reduced at higher storage temperature (4oC> 21oC> 50oC) over 60 days and followed first order degradation kinetics at all temperatures. Incorporation of natural antioxidant improved b-carotene stability and resulted in a second first order degradation period at 50oC. As b-carotene content decreased, Hunter Lab color values denoting lightness increased, while those for redness and yellowness of the powder decreased. This sodium caseinate based b-carotene powder could be used as a food ingredient to deliver natural b-carotene to primarily aqueous food formulations.
In the last part of this work, an engagement workshop was developed as a means to educate young consumers about the function of emulsifiers in foods. Food additives are important for food product development, however to consumers, a discord between their objective purpose and subjective quality has led to confusion. Food emulsifiers, in particular, are associated with lower healthiness perception due to their unfamiliar names. In collaboration with the 4H Academy at Purdue, a workshop high school student was conducted to develop an increased understanding of emulsions and emulsifiers. A survey was conducted with the participants who self-evaluated their gain in knowledge and tendency to perform certain behaviors with regards to food ingredient labels. The participants reported a gain in knowledge in response to four key questions on emulsions and emulsifiers, as well as an increased likelihood to read ingredients on a food label and look up information on unfamiliar ingredients.
Book chapters on the topic "Natural Hazards not elsewhere classified"
Santos-Reyes, Jaime. "The Risk of Tsunamis in Mexico." In Natural Hazards - Impacts, Adjustments and Resilience [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94201.
Full textZhong, Ming. "Enhancing the Community Resilience with a Network Structuring Model." In Flood Impact Mitigation and Resilience Enhancement. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92715.
Full textJiménez-Ruano, Adrián, Pere Joan Gelabert, Victor Resco de Dios, Cristina Vega-García, Luis Torres, Jaime Ribalaygua, and Marcos Rodrigues. "Modeling daily natural-caused ignition probability in the Iberian Peninsula." In Advances in Forest Fire Research 2022, 1214–19. Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-2298-9_184.
Full textNaorem, Anandkumar, Shiva Kumar Udayana, Jaison Maverick, and Sachin Patel. "Soil Microbe-Mediated Bioremediation: Mechanisms and Applications in Soil Science." In Industrial Applications of Soil Microbes, 133–50. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815039955122010013.
Full textMcElroy, Michael B. "Power from the Sun Abundant But Expensive." In Energy and Climate. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190490331.003.0015.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Natural Hazards not elsewhere classified"
Caputo, Antonio C., and Alessandro Vigna. "Numerical Simulation of Seismic Risk and Loss Propagation Effects in Process Plants: An Oil Refinery Case Study." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65465.
Full textMarchenko, Nataliya. "Navigation in the Russian Arctic: Sea Ice Caused Difficulties and Accidents." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-10546.
Full textWan, Ping K., and Alice C. Carson. "Design- and Operating-Bases Regional Meteorological Conditions for Permitting New Nuclear Power Plants in the United States." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75111.
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