Journal articles: 'Natural childbirth'

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Cosans, Chris. "The Meaning of Natural Childbirth." Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 47, no. 2 (2004): 266–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/pbm.2004.0022.

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Chichester, Melanie, Matthew Hoffman, Philip Shlossman, and Garrett Colmorgen. "Preterm PROM: Mandatory natural childbirth?" American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 195, no. 6 (December 2006): S46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2006.10.128.

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Caton, Donald. "Who Said Childbirth Is Natural?" Anesthesiology 84, no. 4 (April 1, 1996): 955–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000542-199604000-00024.

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He, Jingjing, Li Wan, and Biru Luo. "Intentions and influencing factors regarding natural childbirth among urban pregnant women in China, based on the theory of reasoned action and structural equation modeling." Journal of International Medical Research 47, no. 9 (July 31, 2019): 4482–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519862089.

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Objectives In the present study, we aimed to analyze the status of natural childbirth and factors influencing delivery behaviors among pregnant women in urban areas based on the theory of reasoned action, to provide a basis for health education on natural childbirth. Methods We recruited 658 pregnant women at West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University. Using a literature review, expert consultation, and self-report questionnaires based on the theory of reasoned action, we investigated delivery behaviors and influencing factors among the included pregnant women. The questionnaires primarily comprised general situations and behavioral intentions regarding natural childbirth among pregnant women. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 21.0 software. Results According to structural equation modeling, participants’ behavioral intentions regarding natural childbirth were influenced by normative beliefs (standardized regression coefficient 0.402), outcome evaluation (standardized regression coefficient 0.123), and behavioral beliefs (standardized regression coefficient 0.316). Conformity motivation and knowledge about childbirth affected the choice of natural childbirth via normative beliefs (standardized regression coefficients 0.431 and 0.338, respectively). Conclusions We found that the behavioral intentions of urban pregnant women with respect to natural childbirth were affected by normative beliefs, outcome evaluations, behavioral beliefs, conformity motivation, and knowledge about childbirth.

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Yousefi-Ghalehroodkhani, Fatemeh, Nooshin Rouhani-Tonekaboni, Maryam Shakiba, Fardin Mehrabian, and Soudabeh Kazemi-Aski. "Assessing Natural Childbirth Intention Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior and Social Support in Pregnant Women in Northern Iran." Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery 34, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.34.1.2479.

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Introduction: Childbirth is the most challenging physiological and psychological event in a woman’s life. Despite the recommendations of the Iranian Ministry of Health on having natural childbirth, no favorable statistics have been reported yet. Objective: This study aims to determine the predictors of natural childbirth intention based on the extended theory of planned behavior (TPB) and social support in pregnant women referred to selected hospitals in Rasht, northern Iran. Materials and Methods: This analytic cross-sectional study was conducted on 353 pregnant women aged 15-45 years referred to four hospitals in Rasht city in 2020 who were selected by systematic random sampling method proportional to the size of the study population. A researcher-made self-report questionnaire measuring the demographic information, the TPB constructs, social support, and natural childbirth intention was used. Data was analyzed using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation test, and multiple regression analysis. Results: Most of the pregnant women had a high school diploma (43.6%) and were housekeepers (83.3%), living in the city (80.5%). Most of them were in the third trimester of pregnancy (37.7%) and had pregnancy for the first time (44.8%). Their mean age was 28.90±5.8, and 58.8% intended to give birth naturally. The mean score of the natural childbirth intention was 6.71±2.50. This intention had a direct correlation with all TPB constructs and social support (r=0.526-0.829; P=0.001). Based on results social support, and participation in childbirth education classes predicted 72% of changes in natural childbirth intention (R2 =0.72). Attitude alone was able to predict natural childbirth intention by 69% (β=0.12, 95% CI; 0.09%, 0.15%, P=0.001) Conclusion: The power of the TPB constructs for predicting the natural childbirth intention in pregnant women in northern Iran is high. The attitude construct is the best predictor of natural childbirth intention. To increase the tendency to choose natural childbirth, educational interventions based on the TPB with an emphasis on attitudes can be useful. In addition, measures should be taken for the active participation of pregnant women in childbirth preparation classes.

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SATO, Megumi. "Women's labor pains in natural childbirth." Journal of Japan Academy of Midwifery 33, no. 2 (December 27, 2019): 142–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3418/jjam.jjam-2018-0038.

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Brubaker, Sarah Jane, and Heather E. Dillaway. "Medicalization, Natural Childbirth and Birthing Experiences." Sociology Compass 3, no. 1 (January 2009): 31–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9020.2008.00183.x.

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Einion, Alyson B. "Aromatherapy classes help promote natural childbirth." British Journal of Midwifery 8, no. 9 (September 7, 2000): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2000.8.9.8072.

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Stewart, D. E. "Psychiatric Symptoms Following Attempted Natural Childbirth." Obstetric Anesthesia Digest 5, no. 1 (1985): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132582-198503000-00008.

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Stewart, D. E. "Psychiatric Symptoms Following Attempted Natural Childbirth." Obstetric Anesthesia Digest 5, no. 1 (March 1985): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132582-198521010-00008.

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Mansfield, Becky. "The social nature of natural childbirth." Social Science & Medicine 66, no. 5 (March 2008): 1084–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.11.025.

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Lothian, Judith A. "Questions from Our Readers: Why Natural Childbirth?" Journal of Perinatal Education 9, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 44–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1624/105812400x87905.

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Austin, Dorothy. "Natural Childbirth after Cesarean: A Practical Guide." Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing 12, no. 2 (September 1998): 75–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005237-199809000-00011.

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Sobolewska, Aleksandra, and Pedro Clarós. "Silent sinus syndrome associated with natural childbirth." Polski Przegląd Otorynolaryngologiczny 7, no. 4 (December 12, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.7723.

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Spontaneous, painless enophthalmos, hypoglobus with orbital floor resorption and maxillary sinus collapse on the ipsilateral side is recognised as a rare condition known as the silent sinus syndrome. This paper aimed to present an unusual association of natural childbirth and the onset of orbital floor displacement caused by silent sinus syndrome. We wanted to present a case of a 31-year-old woman presented with a 3-month history of painless, progressive right enophthalmos otherwise utterly asymptomatic who developed symptoms shortly after natural childbirth. That association have never been presented before in literature. We also wanted to discuss the pregnancy-related nasal congestion. We present our experience with these case treated with a single-stage procedure, focusing on the advantages of this one-step approach.

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Nordenstam, Johan, Daniel Altman, Sophia Brismar, and Jan Zetterström. "Natural progression of anal incontinence after childbirth." International Urogynecology Journal 20, no. 9 (May 21, 2009): 1029–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00192-009-0901-2.

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Sandelowski, Margarete, and Rosa Bustamante. "Cesarean Birth Outside the Natural Childbirth Culture." Research in Nursing & Health 9, no. 2 (June 1986): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nur.4770090203.

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Arney, William Ray, and Jane Neill. "The location of pain in childbirth: natural childbirth and the transformation of obstetrics." Sociology of Health & Illness 4, no. 1 (June 28, 2008): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9566.1982.tb00245.x.

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An, Mi Young, Jum Mi Park, Yun Mi Kim, Hwan Wook Chung, and Uri Bang. "A Study on the Perinatal Outcomes of Natural Childbirth Led by Midwives: A Retrospective Study." Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health 27, no. 1 (January 31, 2023): 24–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21896/jksmch.2023.27.1.24.

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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to suggest the importance of natural childbirth by investigating the results of midwife-led perinatal periods and whether they were positive experiences for both individual women and their families.Methods: This retrospective study aimed to confirm the perinatal outcomes of midwife-attended vaginal births. Among 1,127 women who gave midwife-led birth in Gyeonggi-do, Seoul between January 1, 2019 and December 31, 2021, data were collected for 829 women. Records were excluded that were missing necessary data. Data on childbirth were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and the chi-square test.Results: Among the mothers who underwent natural childbirth, 549 (66.2%) were multiparous. In addition, all 829 patients (100%) breast-fed their infants. First-degree perineal lacerations occurred in 29.2% of patients, and second-degree lacerations occurred in 48%. Non–high-risk subjects made up 56.0% of the study sample. The average bleeding amount was 281.44±4.50, and the average 1-minute Apgar score for infants was 8.25±0.02.Conclusion: Compared to childbirth in a hospital, natural childbirth was associated with a lower risk of birth canal laceration, postpartum bleeding, and Cesarean section. In addition, the health statuses of the newborns were confirmed to be good . Based on the results of this study, there is a need for a strategy in which midwife-led natural childbirth is integrated into the local medical system, as well as a need to raise women's awareness of natural childbirth and positively influence the experience.

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Kolenko, O. V., E. L. Sorokin, and A. A. Fil. "Strategy of an ophthalmologist in assessing the possibilities of delivery in healthy pregnant women with myopic refraction." Modern technologies in ophtalmology, no. 2 (April 13, 2022): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.25276/2312-4911-2022-2-25-30.

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The review highlights aspects of the evolution of the views and opinions of ophthalmologists of different years on ophthalmological and obstetric approaches to the management of pregnancy and childbirth in women with high myopia. According to the literature, prevention of the risk of regmatogenic retinal detachment during childbirth since the early 1980s of the last century has been aimed at identifying peripheral vitreochorioretinal dystrophy during pregnancy as the leading risk factor for regmatogenic retinal detachment during childbirth. The main modern strategies for the management of pregnant women with the presence of peripheral vitreochorioretinal dystrophy during pregnancy and childbirth are considered; indications for natural delivery with high-grade myopia, absolute and relative indications for its implementation in a natural way are presented. This is reflected in the specific selection criteria for natural delivery. Keywords: pregnancy, natural delivery, cesarean section, peripheral vitreochorioretinal dystrophy, regmatogenic retinal detachment, high-grade myopia.

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Kim, Kyung Won, and Sunhee Lee. "Childbirth outcomes and perineal damage in women with natural childbirth : a review of medical records in a natural birth center in Korea." Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing 27, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4069/kjwhn.2021.08.31.

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Purpose:. This study aimed to determine the actual state of childbirth in women with natural childbirth and the degree of damage to the perineum during childbirth. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of mothers who had natural childbirth at a hospital in Seoul, Korea in 2018. Data from 358 women with cephalic births at greater than 37 gestational weeks were analyzed. To determine natural childbirth characteristics and the degree of damage to the perineum, descriptive statistics were done using IBM SPSS Statistics version 28.0 for Windows. The difference in the degree of perineal injury according to obstetric characteristics was analyzed using independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance.Results: The mean age was 33.18±3.68 years, and 49.2% were primiparas, while 39% gave birth with a doula. The degree of perineal damage differed by age (F=9.15, p<.001), parity (t=19.13, p<.001), number of births in multiparity (F=3.68, p=.027), previous vaginal delivery in multiparity (F=3.00, p=.032) and birthing posture (F=7.44, p<.001). Having received therapeutic procedures (t=–4.62, p<.001), specifically fluid administration (t=–2.72, p=.007), oxygen supply (t=-–2.76, p=.006) and epidural anesthesia (t=–2.77, p=.006) were statistically significant for perineal damage. There were no differences, however, by gestational period, doula use, body mass index at delivery, baby head circumference, or birth weight. Conclusion: Study findings suggest that support for older women, primiparas, and those who require therapeutic procedures may help to decrease the possibility of perineal damage. As perineal damage was also associated with birthing posture, this should be considered when providing intrapartum nursing care.

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Rafalovich, Adam. "Pain "Is" the Club: Identity and Membership in the Natural Childbirth Community." Qualitative Sociology Review 12, no. 3 (July 31, 2016): 100–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1733-8077.12.3.05.

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Based upon interview data collected from 50 respondents, this study examines how expectant mothers navigate the divide between natural and non-natural childbirth when faced with the dilemma of using chemical pain management. The vast majority of participants in this study had strong intentions of delivering without any type of chemical pain management, but when faced with intense physical pain and/or coaxing from medical authorities, made the decision to use an epidural. Respondent accounts illustrate that the decision to use an epidural effectively removed them from membership in the “natural childbirth club.” In order to better understand this process of group inclusion/exclusion, I draw upon the symbolic interaction frameworks of George Herbert Mead (1934) and Norbert Wiley (1995), paying special attention to their theories of the self. This study concludes that the decision to use chemical pain management in the childbirth process is often done so at the expense of changes in identity with respect to the Generalized Other of the “natural childbirth” community.

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Avanci, Barbara Soares, Elaine Antunes Cortez, Fernanda Salustiano Barbosa, and Keila Magalhães André. "Papel do enfermeiro na perspectiva do programa de humanização do pré-natal, parto natural e nascimento: revisão sistemática de literatura." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 3, no. 4 (September 20, 2009): 1126. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.581-3802-1-rv.0304200944.

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Objectives: to identify the knowledge and expectations of women in the choice of natural childbirth, discuss the program of humanization of prenatal and birth and the role of the nurse in encouraging the humane and natural childbirth. Methods: it’s a literature search, type descriptive-exploratory, with a qualitative approach. Was carried out a search in the databases using the descriptors nursing, labor and delivery man. Refine the data by reading pre-textual, selective and interpretative. Results: emerged the categories: knowledge and expectations of women in the choice of natural childbirth; program of humanization of labor and birth and the role of nurses in the process of humanization of natural childbirth. Conclusion: within the expectations and knowledge of the women were concerned about having a birth with little pain and suffering, without major complications for mother and for the baby. It is evident that the lack of information on women's rights and your body ends up being a factor in convincing that it does not have the natural childbirth as a first choice. With regard to the Program for Humanization of Delivery and Birth and the role of nurses in the humanization of labor, there is need to improve access to coverage and quality of monitoring of prenatal and birth; encourage the importance of breastfeeding, rooming-in and the presence of companion. Descriptors: nursing; parturition; humanizing delivery.

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Rosińska, Maja, and Anna Szymanik-Kostrzewska. "Selected experiences of primiparous women related to childbirth as a source of information for future mothers." Człowiek i Społeczeństwo 57 (June 21, 2024): 123–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/cis.2024.57.6.

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Currently, 68 percent of Polish women declare that they do not want to have children, 13 percent of mothers regret having children, and over 6 percent experience parental burnout. A woman’s decision to become a mother is not an easy one and is influenced by many factors. One of these factors can be considered the experiences of mothers close to the woman. The aim of the research was to determine what perinatal experiences and beliefs about childbirth first-time mothers can share with other women. Data were collected from 99 women (aged 22–36; M = 28; SD = 3) who had given birth to their first child in the last 26 months through structured interviews. They were asked about selected difficulties related to childbirth, conditions for natural childbirth, to retrospectively assess the level of knowledge about selected aspects of childbirth, and to evaluate the intensity of selected beliefs about it. 72 of the participants gave birth naturally, 12 through unplanned cesarean section, and 15 through planned cesarean section (including 2 „on demand”). Only one of the participants experienced a complication-free natural childbirth, received exhaustive medical information from the staff, full and adequate support from her partner, and gave birth to a child who scored 10 points on the Apgar scale. Eight women giving birth naturally and seven after a cesarean section declared very positive feelings about childbirth, five declared very negative feelings, and the intensity of both positive and negative feelings was within average limits, with moderately higher positive feelings noted. First-time mothers had the lowest level of knowledge regarding the effects of artificial oxytocin (pain, risk), which was administered to as many as 42 participants. The highest level of knowledge was related to possible complications. The strongest belief was that natural childbirth is a better way for a child to come into the world than cesarean section. The weakest belief was that cesarean section is a better way of childbirth for the child than natural childbirth.

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Pereira, Jamile Daltro, Anne Kerlly Brito da Silva, and José De vasconcelos Carvalho Júnior. "Natural childbirth x cesarean sections: choice or necessity?" Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 5, no. 4 (May 22, 2011): 1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.1302-9310-1-le.0504201120.

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ABSTRACTObjective: to analyze aspects related to the preferred route of delivery among pregnant women in the city of Arcoverde. Methodology: this is a cross sectional and descriptive study compared with 71 pregnant women by addressing the basic health units (BHU) in the period from November to December, 2009. The sample was chosen for the convenience for its size, with a confidence interval of 95% and using the chi-square. Data were collected through interviews with the studied population at UBS, with a form that established relationship with the variables. The project was appraised and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Educational Authority of Belo Jardim – AEB, under the Protocol 41_2009. Results: from the pregnant women studied, 63% preferred vaginal delivery; the majority reported it was due to the faster recovery; 37% reported a preference for surgical delivery due to the chance of tubal ligation. Conclusion: It can be seen that, even with the prevailing choice for vaginal delivery, the rate of preference for cesarean delivery was still high when compared to the percentage given by the World Health Organization . We also observed that, during prenatal sessions, most pregnant women did not obtain information and guidance about the importance of normal birth. Descriptors: delivery, obstetric; patient satisfaction; natural childbirth, reproductive medicine. RESUMOObjetivo: analisar aspectos relacionados à preferência pela via de parto entre as gestantes do município de Arcoverde. Metodologia: estudo transversal e descritivo abordando comparativamente 71 gestantes usuárias das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) no período de novembro a dezembro de 2009. Escolheu-se a amostra por conveniência para seu tamanho com intervalo de confiança de 95% utilizando o teste qui-quadrado. Os dados foram coletados no através de entrevista com a população em estudo na UBS, com formulário que estabeleceu relação com as variáveis. O projeto foi apreciado e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da Autarquia Educacional de Belo Jardim – AEB, sob o protocolo nº 41_2009. Resultados: das gestantes estudadas, 63% preferiam o parto vaginal e a maioria relatou ser devido à recuperação mais rápida; 37% relataram a preferência pelo parto cirúrgico devido à oportunidade de laqueadura. Conclusão: Pode-se constatar que, mesmo prevalecendo a escolha pelo parto normal, a taxa de preferência por cesariana ainda foi alta tendo em vista o percentual da OMS. Observou-se também que no pré-natal a maioria das gestantes não obtinha informação e orientação acerca da importância do parto normal. Descritores: parto obstétrico; satisfação do paciente; parto normal; medicina reprodutiva.RESUMENObjetivo: analizar los aspectos relacionados con la ruta preferida de parto entre las mujeres embarazadas en la ciudad de Arcoverde. Metodología: estudio transversal y descriptivo, fueron comparados 71 mujeres embarazadas abordando las unidades básicas de salud (UBS) en el período de noviembre a diciembre de 2009. Fue elegido para el tamaño de muestra de conveniencia con un intervalo de confianza del 95%, utilizando la prueba chi-cuadrado. Los datos fueron colectados a través de entrevistas con la población de estudio de UBS, con la forma que establece la relación con las variables. El proyecto fue evaluado y aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Autoridad para la Educación de Belo Jardim – AEB, en el marco del Protocolo 41_2009. Resultados: de las gestantes estudiadas, el 63% prefiere el parto vaginal, la mayoría informó que, debido a una recuperación más rápida, el 37% informó de una preferencia por el parto quirúrgico, debido a la posibilidad de la ligadura de trompas. Conclusión: se puede observar que incluso la elección predominante para el parto vaginal, la tasa de preferencia por el parto por cesárea sigue siendo elevada teniendo en cuenta el porcentaje de la OMS. También se observó que las mujeres embarazadas en el prenatal no obtuvieron la información y orientación acerca de la importancia del parto normal. Descriptores: entrega de parto; satisfacción del paciente; medicina del parto; la reproducción.

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Norman, B. "Natural childbirth is inappropriate in a modern world." International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia 11, no. 1 (January 2002): 28–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/ijoa.2001.0885.

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Kitzinger, S. "Natural childbirth is inappropriate in a modern world." International Journal of Obstetric Anesthesia 11, no. 1 (January 2002): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1054/ijoa.2001.0886.

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Dietz, Hans Peter, and Lynda Exton. "Natural childbirth ideology is endangering women and babies." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 56, no. 5 (September 28, 2016): 447–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajo.12524.

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Mokhtari Sorkhani, Tayebeh, Elahe Namazian, Samaneh Komsari, and Shima Arab. "Investigating the Relationship between Childbirth Type and Breastfeeding Pattern Based on the LATCH Scoring System in Breastfeeding Mothers." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 43, no. 10 (October 2021): 728–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1735985.

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Abstract Objective The role of breast milk in the physical and mental health of infants and in the prevention of infant death is widely known. The benefits of breastfeeding for mothers and infants have been proven, but several factors can affect breastfeeding. Childbirth is one of the most influential factors. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the type of delivery (natural childbirth and cesarean section) on breastfeeding based on the latch, audible swallowing, type of nipple, comfort, hold (LATCH) scoring system. Methods The present cross-sectional observational study was performed using the census method among women who referred to Afzalipour Hospital for delivery in May 2020; the breastfeeding pattern was completed by observation and the in-case information, by LATCH checklist. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, United States) software, version 19.0, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Chi-squared statistical test. Results Out of a total of 254 deliveries (127 natural childbirths and 127 cesarean deliveries), there was no statistically significant difference between the 2 study groups in terms of age, maternal employment status, and infant weight, but there was a statistically significant relationship between the type of delivery, the maternal level of schooling, and the appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration (Apgar) score in the first minute. The mean score of breastfeeding patterns among the natural childbirth group (9.33) was higher than that of the cesarean section group (7.21). Conclusion The type of delivery affects the mother's performance during breastfeeding, and mothers submitted to cesarean sections need more support and help in breastfeeding.

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Belu, Dana S. "Nature and Technology in Modern Childbirth." Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology 16, no. 1 (2012): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/techne20121612.

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This paper provides a phenomenological interpretation of technological and natural childbirth. By using Heidegger’s ontology of technology to think about childbirth I argue that these two types of contemporary childbirth present us with a false dilemma as both reflect the same norms Heidegger associates with modernity, namely order, control, and efficiency. The paper briefly explains Heidegger’s concept of the enframing as the essence of the technological age whilefocusing on how it helps us to avoid falling into a technophilic or technophobic trap. Although the technophobic approach popularized by Lamaze gained some favor with feminists who saw the increased use of reproductive technology as an extension of patriarchal control over women’s bodies, I argue that this natural birthing technique incorporated order and control in ways that are similar to its technophilic counterpart. In order to move beyond what I call the reproductiveenframing, it is necessary to recognize the false dilemma presented by the technological and natural alternatives.

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Kim, Yunmi, Sunok Lee, Jummi Park, Sunhee Lee, Miyoung An, and Buyoun Kim. "A Job analysis of Hospital Midwives: A DACUM Analysis." Journal of The Korean Society of Maternal and Child Health 27, no. 2 (April 30, 2023): 119–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21896/jksmch.2023.27.2.119.

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Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the tasks of midwives who lead natural childbirth in hospitals using the DACUM technique.Methods: Data were collected from 42 hospital midwives between August 23 to October 12, 2022, and the importance, frequency, and professional difficulty of hospital midwives' tasks were assessed. The collected data were analysed using the IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 22.0 program as the average and standard deviation for the importance, difficulty, and frequency of performance the analyzed tasks. The importance, difficulty, and frequency of performance each task were indicated as high, medium, or low,; furthermore, the importance and difficulty were multiplied and analyzed using the coefficient of determination.Result: Midwives’ tasks in natural childbirth in hospitals were classified into 8 duties, 138 tasks, and 49 task elements. Duties were classified into ‘before childbirth,’ ‘during childbirth,’ ‘after childbirth,’ ‘management of high-risk pregnant women,’ ‘goods management,’ ‘administrative work,’ ‘self-development,’ and ‘newborn care.’ The most important and difficult tasks with the highest coefficient of determination were performing neonatal resuscitation if necessary (11.25), transporting and managing emergency patients (10.46), requesting hospitals to transfer patients in case of emergency (10.43), and transferring patients to a tertiary hospital in case of maternal of neonatal emergency (10.30).Conclusion: In this novel study in Korea, the role of a midwife in a hospital for natural childbirth were defined, and task according to duties were analyzed.

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Kiesswetter, Manuel, Erik Danay, and Stefan Duschek. "Changes in partnership quality after successful in-vitro fertilization and natural conception." Journal of Family Research 35 (August 7, 2023): 453–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20377/jfr-911.

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Objective: This prospective study explored changes in self-reported partnership quality related to childbirth in couples after successful in-vitro fertilization (IVF), and in those experiencing spontaneous pregnancy. Background: Previous research suggested decline in partnership satisfaction after childbirth in couples with spontaneous pregnancy. However, longitudinal studies on partnership quality in couples undergoing IVF are still scarce. Method: Seventy-five couples with successful IVF, and seventy with spontaneous pregnancy, completed the Partnership Questionnaire; data were recorded before pregnancy (baseline) and 6, 12, 18 and 24 months after childbirth. Multi-level models were applied for data analysis. Results: Reports of general partnership quality, feelings of togetherness and experience of tenderness increased, while reports of conflictive behaviors declined overall across the observation period in couples with IVF. Couples with spontaneous pregnancy indicated marked negative changes in these facets of partnership quality after childbirth (month 6); subsequently, partnership quality progressively improved, reaching a similar level to that of couples with IVF at month 24. Conclusion: While couples with IVF reported an overall positive trend in partnership quality, in couples with spontaneous pregnancy partnership quality declined immediately after childbirth but improved again over time. The experiences of infertility and IVF treatment may promote the acquisition of dyadic coping strategies, which can buffer the negative effects of stressors characterizing the initial period of parenthood. Moreover, selection processes may be important for higher partnership quality in couples with successful IVF, where couples with abundant coping resources are more likely to stay together during infertility and the burdensome treatment.

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Choudhary, Mansi. "Natural Child Birth." Nursing Journal of India CXV, no. 01 (2024): 03–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.48029/nji.2024.cxv101.

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The term “Natural Birth” has been historically used to describe childbirth without any pharmaceutical remedies. In some cases this does not elucidate about using any analgesics during labour but having other medical interventions without analgesics. Women are made to rely on relaxation techniques and controlled breathing to help alleviate pain. While this type of birth sounds like it would take place in a birthing centre with a midwife or a doula, it can also take place in a hospital.

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Kim, Hisam. "Microeconomic Analysis and Policy Direction on the Extremely Low Fertility in Korea." Korean Development Economics Association 28, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 29–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.20464/kdea.2022.28.4.2.

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Korea’s extremely low fertility rate can be viewed as a result of aggregation of rational choices regarding fertility at the individual level. The economic motive for childbirth has largely declined due to the increase in childrearing costs and the weakening of private old-age support norms. The social motive for marriage and childbirth in accordance with the prevailing norms of society is also weakening along with the spread of non-marriage and non-childbirth due to changes in values. Instead, the natural motive for forming one’s own family through marriage and childbirth exists to a considerable extent in Korean young people, but it is not fully realized due to the high cost structure of childbirth and child rearing. Therefore, it is needed to focus on supporting the realization of natural motives for childbirth, and promote the formation of new families. In addition, since community-based bridging social capital shows a positive correlation with marriage intention and the number of children desired, measures to support regional community culture and revitalization of caring communities may be effective. Meanwhile, it is also necessary to reduce the opportunity cost of childbirth and the burden of high-cost, high-intensity parenting, and promote gender equality and efficient division of labor at work and at home.

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Adeli Gargari, Masomeh, Khalil Esmailpour, Mojgan Mirghafourvand, Roghaiyeh Nourizadeh, and Esmat Mehrabi. "Effects of Psycho-education Interventions on Perceived Childbirth Fear and Anxiety by Pregnant Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis." International Journal of Women's Health and Reproduction Sciences 9, no. 4 (January 2, 2020): 230–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15296/ijwhr.2021.44.

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Objectives: Phobia of natural childbirth is one of the most important and influencing factors leading women to request cesarean sections. The present study aimed to prepare a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the type of interventions related to fear of childbirth (FOC). Materials and Methods: The data collection was based on an extensive search of articles related to clinical trials (1990-2019) posted on Google Scholar, Cochran, SID, Magiran, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed electronic databases. In general, 109 abstracts were selected after eliminating similar publications. As a result of the qualitative evaluations of these articles, 11 studies were kept for investigation. Results: The studies were categorized into three groups including prenatal education with childbirth counseling, yoga courses, and psychoeducational-based interventions. Based on the meta-analysis, psychoeducational interventions have a significant effect on childbirth fears and anxiety in comparison with the control group (mean difference: 0.85, 95% CI: -1.20–0.45, P < 0.0001, I2 = 82%). Conclusions: Psychologically-based interventions, can creatively play an essential role in reducing the FOC during pregnancy and even childbirth. It can also create a pleasant and traumatic-free experience which is essential for encouraging women to have a natural childbirth.

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Wójtowicz-Wcisło, Marta. "The Shift in the Childbirth Paradigm in Latin America and its Socio-Political Implications." Ameryka Łacińska Kwartalnik analityczno-informacyjny, no. 113-114 (December 30, 2021): 59–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7311//20811152.2021.113.114.04.

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The article tackles the issue of the shift in the model of childbirth taking place in Latin American countries. Based on the analysis of 2012 documentary film Nacer by Jorge Caballero, audiovisual material from organizations dedicated to maternity care, and selected documents and legislation it focuses on values, significances, normative principles and power relations in technological and natural childbirth models. I argue that a shift from the technological paradigm to the natural paradigm of childbirth may contribute to the abolition of patriarchal structures perpetuating violence, the women’s empowerment and the construction of a society supported by the values of respect and love for living beings.

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Johnson, Candace. "The Political “Nature” of Pregnancy and Childbirth." Canadian Journal of Political Science 41, no. 4 (December 2008): 889–913. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423908081079.

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Abstract. In this paper, I examine the theoretical debates concerning “medicalization” in relation to the empirical trend toward increased demand for “natural” options for childbirth. Many feminist theorists have argued that medical intervention in pregnancy and childbirth is both unwarranted and disempowering and devalues women's own abilities and experiences. Further, it is argued that medicalization (of seemingly natural events) is particularly damaging for women and other marginalized people. In this paper, I explore the claims (of both providers and consumers) concerning medical care for pregnancy and childbirth among privileged populations and ask why rejection of medical care for pregnancy and childbirth is not proportional to disadvantage. It appears to be the case that criticism of medical intervention in pregnancy and childbirth is strongest among privileged women and is expressed consistently as preference for “natural,” “traditional” or “normal” approaches and practices. Reverence for the natural, I argue, is a political claim that asserts social position, identity, and resistance. I consider this political claim to be embodied and demonstrated in the occurrence of a physical and psychic duality, a “split subjectivity,” that is exacerbated by the sharpness of the public-private divide in women's lives.Résumé. Dans cet article, j'examine le débat théorique sur la médicalisation à la lumière de la vogue actuelle croissante des options plus naturelles pour l'accouchement. De nombreux auteurs féministes ont soutenu que les interventions médicales durant la grossesse et l'accouchement étaient injustifiées et qu'elles privaient les femmes de leur autonomie, tout en dévaluant leur expérience et leurs aptitudes naturelles. De même, la médicalisation (de phénomènes apparemment naturels) est, selon certains, particulièrement néfaste pour les femmes et les groupes marginalisés. Dans cet article, j'explore les affirmations (à la fois des prestataires et des bénéficiaires) concernant l'assistance médicale durant la grossesse et l'accouchement parmi les populations favorisées et je soulève la question de savoir pourquoi le rejet de l'assistance médicale durant la grossesse et l'accouchement n'est pas surtout le fait des milieux défavorisés. Il semble, en effet, que les critiques envers les interventions médicales durant la grossesse et l'accouchement proviennent surtout des femmes de milieux favoriséset que ces dernières manifestent de manière constante une préférence pour les approches et les pratiques «naturelles», «traditionnelles» ou «normales». La révérence envers le naturel est, selon moi, une revendication politique afin d'affirmer sa position sociale, son identité et sa résistance. Je considère que cette revendication politique est incarnée et démontrée par l'existence d'une dualité physique et psychique, une «subjectivité divisée» qui est exacerbée par l'acuité de la division entre le monde public et le monde privé dans la vie des femmes.

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Mochalova, Marina N., Anastasia Yu Alekseyeva, Elena S. Akhmetova, and Viktor A. Mudrov. "Evaluation of the factors influencing labor outcomes in women with a history of abdominal delivery." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 71, no. 4 (October 22, 2022): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd110737.

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BACKGROUND: The rapid increase in the frequency of caesarean sections has led to the emergence of a special group of patients with a uterine scar who want to give birth through the natural birth canal. Repeated operative delivery is associated with high risks of both intraoperative and postoperative complications, therefore, every year the number of women with a uterine scar who prefer natural childbirth is growing. AIM: The aim of this study was to create a model that allows, based on a comprehensive assessment of risk factors, for predicting the outcome of childbirth in women with a history of abdominal childbirth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We carried out a retrospective analysis of 173 birth histories of women with a uterine scar after a previous caesarean section, delivered in the Chita City Maternity Hospital in 20212022. Three groups of individuals were designed for the study: Group 1 included 110 women delivered by caesarean section in a planned manner; Group 2 comprised 20 women delivered by caesarean section during childbirth, while Group 3 consisted of 43 women who gave birth through the natural birth canal. The groups were comparable in terms of nationality, age, material and social conditions of the patients. On the eve of delivery, all patients underwent general clinical and obstetric ultrasound examination, with the anamnesis details clarified. The data obtained were processed statistically using the IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.0. RESULTS: Using binary logistic regression, a model was developed to predict the outcome of childbirth through the natural birth canal in women with a uterine scar, which takes into account statistically significant indicators such as gestational age, estimated fetal weight, parity, and the presence of chronic endometritis and weakness of labor activity in history. The sensitivity of the developed prognostic model is 0.86, the specificity being 0.70. The area under the ROC curve is 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.780.96; p 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The comprehensive analysis of risk factors allows for predicting the outcome of natural childbirth in women with a uterine scar, which in the future will optimize the tactics of their delivery and prevent the development of complications in childbirth for the mother and fetus.

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Pincus, Jane. "Birthing a Better Way: 12 Secrets for Natural Childbirth." Birth 38, no. 3 (September 2011): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-536x.2011.00496_2.x.

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Ellis, Harold. "Grantly Dick-Read (1890–1959): advocate of ‘natural’ childbirth." British Journal of Hospital Medicine 70, no. 6 (June 2009): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/hmed.2009.70.6.355.

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Moscucci, O. "Holistic obstetrics: the origins of "natural childbirth" in Britain." Postgraduate Medical Journal 79, no. 929 (March 1, 2003): 168–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pmj.79.929.168.

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Entringer, Aline Piovezan, Márcia Pinto, and Maria Auxiliadora de Souza Mendes Gomes. "Cost-effectiveness analysis of natural birth and elective C-section in supplemental health." Revista de Saúde Pública 52 (November 14, 2018): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2018052000373.

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OBJECTIVE: To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of natural childbirth and elective C-section for normal risk pregnant women. METHODS: The study was conducted from the perspective of supplemental health, a health subsystem that finances private obstetric care, represented in Brazil by health plan operators. The reference populations were normal risk pregnant women, who could undergo natural childbirth or elective C-section, subdivided into primiparous and multiparous women with previous uterine scar. A decision analysis model was constructed including choice of delivery types and health consequences for mother and newborn, from admission for delivery to maternity hospital discharge. Effectiveness measures were identified from the scientific literature, and cost data obtained by consultation with health professionals, health plan operators’ pricing tables, and pricing reference publications of health resources. RESULTS: Natural childbirth was dominant compared with elective C-section for primiparous normal risk pregnant women, presenting lower cost (R$5,210.96 versus R$5,753.54) and better or equal effectiveness for all evaluated outcomes. For multiparous women with previous uterine scar, C-section presented lower cost (R$5,364.07) than natural childbirth (R$5,632.24), and better or equal effectiveness; therefore, C-section is more efficient for this population. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to control and audit C-sections without clinical indication, especially with regard to primiparous women, contributing to the management of perinatal care

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Zhang, Beibei, Qinfang Qu, Yan Shu, Yun Zhang, Jie Zhang, Jia Sun, and Caixia Zhang. "Effect of Wearing Noise-Canceling Headphones on Delivery Process in Natural Childbirth Puerperae: A Single-Center Study." Noise and Health 26, no. 121 (April 2024): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/nah.nah_2_24.

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Objective: To investigate the effect of incorporating noise-canceling headphones into the delivery process for natural childbirth puerperae. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data encompassing natural childbirth puerperae in the People’s Hospital of Suzhou New District from January 2021 to February 2023. The implementation of routine noise reduction management was done from January 2021 to January 2022. During this interval, 69 natural childbirth puerperae were selected as subjects, with 7 excluded, resulting in 62 participants constituting the reference group. Subsequently, noise-canceling headphones were distributed to natural childbirth puerperae from February 2022 to February 2023. In this phase, 66 subjects were selected, and 6 were excluded, resulting in 60 participants forming the observation group. Following admission, both groups underwent corresponding nursing management. Emotional states, pain levels, and various indicators were systematically collected and meticulously compared. Results: The observation group exhibited significantly lower Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale scores than the reference group before delivery and during the first stage of labor (P < 0.05). The observation group demonstrated significantly lower visual analog scale scores and substance P, nitric oxide, and prostaglandin E2 levels than the reference group during the first stage of labor (P < 0.001). During the second stage of labor, the visual analog) scale scores were significantly lower in the observation group than in the reference group (P < 0.05). The durations of first and second labor stages were significantly shorter in the observation group than in the reference group (P < 0.05). No significant difference existed in Apgar scores between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The utilization of noise-canceling headphones emerges as an effective intervention, alleviating anxiety, reducing pain during T1, and abbreviating total labor time in natural childbirth puerperae, suggesting its substantial clinical application value and potential as a beneficial addition to maternity care practices.

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Fannin, Maria. "Labour Pain, ‘Natal Politics’ and Reproductive Justice for Black Birth Givers." Body & Society 25, no. 3 (June 24, 2019): 22–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357034x19856429.

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The reception of Elaine Scarry’s landmark text, The Body in Pain, focuses in part on exploring how pain might be understood as beneficial or therapeutic. Childbirth is often cited as the paradigmatic instance of this kind of beneficial pain. This essay examines conceptualizations of labour pain in biomedical, natural childbirth and reproductive justice movements that explore the limits of Scarry’s description of pain as ‘unshareable’. Political struggles over pain in childbirth centre on the legibility of pain in labour. Feminist and natural childbirth activists have developed an understanding of pain at birth as central to maternal subjectivity, where pain is a biopolitical force and its management a means of self-transformation. Alongside calls for reproductive justice, the essay considers how the visibility and expressivity of labour pain could contribute to what Imogen Tyler and Lisa Baraitser term a new ‘natal politics’ that addresses concerns for the disproportionate injury and death experienced by Black birth givers.

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Khodarahmi, Shiva, Sepideh Hajian, Elham Zare, and Malihe Nasiri. "The effect of backup midwife on maternal experience after vaginal childbirth – a qualitative study." Journal of Medicine and Life 15, no. 4 (April 2022): 539–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25122/jml-2021-0072.

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One of the goals of reproductive health enhancement is to ensure the desired experience of safe childbirth by reducing possible complications, fears, and worries about delivery by ongoing midwife backup care. This study explains women's experiences with a backup midwife during labor and childbirth. This was a qualitative study involving 19 women who had natural childbirth in Hamadan, 2020. Purposeful sampling and data collection were performed using semi-structured in-depth interviews. Data were analyzed by conventional content analysis using MAXQDA software version 10. Data analysis showed three themes and six main categories. The themes included security, high-quality care, and respectful care, consisting of two main categories of perceived empowerment and support, physiological approach and reassuring care, and respect for the mother's privacy and optimal accountability. The presence of a backup midwife during labor caused a sense of security, control, and perceived empowerment, thus a positive childbirth experience. Therefore, it is necessary to train and employ midwifery in the healthcare system. It is recommended to train and employ midwifery graduates for this purpose and include it as one of the basic principles in the current planning to promote natural childbirth.

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Edmonds, Joyce K., Taylor Cwiertniewicz, and Kathrin Stoll. "Childbirth Education Prior to Pregnancy? Survey Findings of Childbirth Preferences and Attitudes Among Young Women." Journal of Perinatal Education 24, no. 2 (2015): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.24.2.93.

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ABSTRACTThe childbirth preferences and attitudes of young women prior to pregnancy (N = 758) were explored in a cross-sectional survey. Sources of influential childbirth information and self-reported childbirth learning needs were described. Young women’s attitudes about childbirth, including the degree of confidence in coping with a vaginal birth, whether birth is considered a natural event, and expectations of labor pain were associated with their mode of birth preference. Conversations with friends and family were the most influential source of childbirth information. Gaps in knowledge about pregnancy and birth were identified. An improved understanding of women’s preferences and attitudinal profiles can inform the structure and content of educational strategies that aim to help the next generation of maternity care consumers participate in informed decision making.

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Elias, Elayne Arantes, Dayanne Teresinha Granetto Cardoso Floriani, Letycia Sardinha Peixoto Manhães, Andyara do Carmo Pinto Coelho Paiva, Fabrício Bruno Cardoso, Lauanna Malafaia da Silva, and Nelson Augusto Mendes. "The authenticity of women who decided for a natural childbirth: experiences." Rev Rene 23 (April 13, 2022): e72265. http://dx.doi.org/10.15253/2175-6783.20222372265.

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Objective: to understand the meanings of experiences of women who have undergone natural childbirth. Methods: heideggerian qualitative phenomenological research with 14 women carried out through open audiorecorded interviews, transcribed and analyzed whose steps were the routing for constitution of units of meaning, understanding and hermeneutics. Results: most of them decided to give birth normally and this experience meant: having chosen and dreamed of natural birth because it was better, having planned to give birth, having known how the moment would be and that it was a great experience allied to the feeling of being more powerful and strong and that they would advise other women without any regrets. Despite the positive experience, many did not receive information about childbirth. Conclusion: the experience of natural birth proved to be authentic due to the women’s decision, with assertive reports, which is provided by quality assistance by obstetric nursing, active from prenatal to postpartum. Contributions to practice: reflection and strengthening of the obstetric nurse’s actions in this process, which goes from prenatal care to labor, childbirth, and puerperium, following the guidelines of good practice in women’s health care and public health policies.

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Lothian, Judith A. "Promoting Optimal Care in Childbirth." Journal of Perinatal Education 23, no. 4 (2014): 174–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/1058-1243.23.4.174.

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In 1996, the World Health Organization set out guidelines for normal birth. Because that time birth in the United States has continued to be intervention intensive, the cesarean rate has skyrocketed and maternal mortality, although low, is rising. At the same time, research continues to provide evidence for the benefits of supporting the normal physiologic process of labor and birth and the risks of interfering with this natural process. This article reviews the current state of U.S. maternity care and discusses research and advocacy efforts that address this issue. This article describes optimal care in childbirth and introduces the Lamaze International Six Healthy Birth Practices.

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AL-GAILANI, SALIM. "‘Drawing aside the curtain’: natural childbirth on screen in 1950s Britain." British Journal for the History of Science 50, no. 3 (September 2017): 473–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087417000607.

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AbstractThis article recovers the importance of film, and its relations to other media, in communicating the philosophies and methods of ‘natural childbirth’ in the post-war period. It focuses on an educational film made in South Africa around 1950 by controversial British physician Grantly Dick-Read, who had achieved international fame with bestselling books arguing that relaxation and education, not drugs, were the keys to freeing women from pain in childbirth. But he soon came to regard the ‘vivid’ medium of film as a more effective means of disseminating the ‘truth of [his] mission’ to audiences who might never have read his books. I reconstruct the history of a film that played a vital role in teaching Dick-Read's method to both the medical profession and the first generation of Western women to express their dissatisfaction with highly drugged, hospitalized maternity care. The article explains why advocates of natural childbirth such as Dick-Read became convinced of the value of film as a tool for recruiting supporters and discrediting rivals. Along the way, it offers insight into the British medical film industry and the challenges associated with producing, distributing and screening a depiction of birth considered unusually graphic for the time.

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Nurhidayati, Siti, Revi Gama Hatta Novika, Nurul Jannatul Wahidah, Atriany Nilam Sari, Luluk Fajria Maulida, Rufidah Maulina, Chusna Habiba, and Ramadhani Anggi. "What Makes Woman Afraid of Their Childbirth?: A Qualitative Study." JURNAL INFO KESEHATAN 21, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 831–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31965/infokes.vol21.iss4.1401.

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Fear generally fills the minds of pregnant women as they enter the third trimester of gestation. The older the gestational age, the more attention and thoughts of pregnant women are drawn to the approaching climax of childbirth, intensifying their anxiety and fear. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of birth preparedness and fear of childbirth. A qualitative facility-based descriptive study design and client exit interview questionnaire were utilized, conducted in Primary Health Care Mondokan, Sragen, from April until June 2023 with 33 pregnant women. Study participants were selected through purposive sampling. Three categories highlighted the preparedness for childbirth, including finding primary sources of information, the importance of birth companions, and reminding about the natural process of childbirth. The fear of childbirth was associated with fear of the childbirth process, fear of the tools used during childbirth, and the condition of the unborn baby. The findings suggest that pregnant women should prepare for childbirth and increase their knowledge of delivery by participating in antenatal classes to reduce fear about the childbirth process. Therefore, family healthcare providers, health facilities, other partners, program-level managers, and policymakers must take responsibility for improving health education and increasing preparedness and complication readiness through easily accessible health education strategies.

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Alencar, Antonia Jozana Cavalcante, Amanda Aldeídes da Silva, Maria Marly Gonçalves, Dágila Maria Rolim da Silva, and Maria Clara Torres e. Silva. "Assistência de Enfermagem durante o Parto Natural Humanizado / Nursing Care during Humanized Natural Childbirth." ID on line REVISTA DE PSICOLOGIA 13, no. 47 (October 28, 2019): 376–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/idonline.v13i47.2025.

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A assistência ao parto e nascimento tem sido sinalizada, pela adesão de práticas intervencionistas, como o uso de medicações e outros procedimentos para apressar ou controlar o processo natural da parturição, além das elevadas taxas de cesáreas. Este trabalho propõe analisar a assistência de enfermagem prestada durante o parto natural humanizado e tem como finalidade fornecer aporte aos profissionais de Enfermagem, através de uma análise com diferente ótica, acerca do objeto estudado. Os resultados levaram a crer que os profissionais de saúde ainda carecem de um olhar singular perante aos desejos e sentimentos da mulher e dos seus familiares. Portanto são bem vindas políticas públicas de saúde com atenção voltadas à essas mulheres, com atendimento mais humanizado.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Natural childbirth'

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