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Journal articles on the topic 'Natural areas India'
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1
Rahmani, Asad R. "The Uncertain Future of the Desert National Park in Rajasthan, India." Environmental Conservation 16, no. 3 (1989): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900009322.
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The 3,162 sq. km Desert National Park (DNP) is one of the largest protected areas in India. It represents all of the natural features of the Thar Desert in India. Since its establishment in the early 1980s, the wildlife population has increased, and now the Indian Gazelle, the Great Indian Bustard, the Desert Fox, etc., are easily seen in it. But although many core areas of 500 to 1,000 hectares each have been established, progress in the development of the Park is slow, and now the future of the Park itself is in jeopardy owing to a plan to construct a feeder canal of the main Indira Gandhi Nahar (canal) Project (IGNP), which would bisect the Park. It is feared that such improvement in irrigation facilites would make it impossible to shift the villagers outside the Park boundary, as had been planned earlier—and moreover, it would attract settlers to the Park. Salient features of the DNP, its important fauna, and various options to save the Park, are described in this paper.
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Garg, Aashee, and Anusha Agarwal. "Energy Conservation in Households in Urban Areas in India." International Journal of Students' Research in Technology & Management 3, no. 2 (September 27, 2015): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/ijsrtm.2015.321.
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India, as a country is very rich in terms of natural resources however as citizens, we have not respected this fact and have been continuously exploiting nature’s gift to mankind. Further as the population is ever increasing, the load on the consumption of resources is unprecedented. This has led to the depletion of natural resources such as coal, oil, gas etc., apart from the pollution it causes. It is time that we shift from use of these conventional resources to more effective new ways of energy generation. We should develop and encourage usage of renewable resources such as wind and solar in households to conserve energy in place of the mentioned nonrenewable energy sources. This paper deals with the most effective ways in which the households in India can conserve energy thus reducing effect on environment and depletion of limited resources.
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Sarkar, S. C. "LNG as an energy efficient eco-friendly cryogenic fuel." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 16, no. 4 (November 1, 2005): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2005/v16i4a3089.
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The use of an old fuel in a new form has progressed at a rapid space for the last couple of years, due to its several advantages. The fuel in question is natural gas and, its new form, is liquefied natural gas designated as LNG. LNG transported in cryogenic vessels offers several advantages over pipe line transport of natural gas when the gas consuming areas are far away from the gas producing areas. Moreover, LNG as an automobile fuel has also a definite edge over other fuel. However, the LNG age in India is of very recent origin and, only in January, 2004, the first LNG cargo had reached an Indian port in the state of Gujarat. In this juncture, this paper presents an effective study on the characteristics of LNG, advantages and disadvantages of various natural gas liquefaction cycles, the present state of affairs of LNG in India, its import and CNG versus LNG as an automobile fuel, eco-friendliness of natural gas fuel etc. It also discusses the potential of natural gas generation from different sources, and the need for indigenous development of LNG technology for import substitution in the Indian context.
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Kesavan, P. C., and M. S. Swaminathan. "Managing extreme natural disasters in coastal areas." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 364, no. 1845 (June 27, 2006): 2191–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2006.1822.
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Extreme natural hazards, particularly the hydro-meteorological disasters, are emerging as a cause of major concern in the coastal regions of India and a few other developing countries. These have become more frequent in the recent past, and are taking a heavy toll of life and livelihoods. Low level of technology development in the rural areas together with social, economic and gender inequities enhance the vulnerability of the largely illiterate, unskilled, and resource-poor fishing, farming and landless labour communities. Their resilience to bounce back to pre-disaster level of normality is highly limited. For the planet Earth at crossroads, the imminent threat, however, is from a vicious spiral among environmental degradation, poverty and climate change-related natural disasters interacting in a mutually reinforcing manner. These, in turn, retard sustainable development, and also wipe out any small gains made thereof. To counter this unacceptable trend, the M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation has developed a biovillage paradigm and rural knowledge centres for ecotechnological and knowledge empowerment of the coastal communities at risk. Frontier science and technologies blended with traditional knowledge and ecological prudence result in ecotechnologies with pro-nature , pro-poor and pro-women orientation. The rural communities are given training and helped to develop capacity to adopt ecotechnologies for market-driven eco-enterprises. The modern information and communication-based rural knowledge centres largely operated by trained semi-literate young women provide time - and locale - specific information on weather, crop and animal husbandry, market trends and prices for local communities, healthcare, transport, education, etc. to the local communities. The ecotechnologies and time- and locale-specific information content development are need-based and chosen in a ‘bottom-up’ manner. The use of recombinant DNA technology for genetic shielding of agricultural crops for coastal regions against abiotic stress (induced by the water- and weather-related natural disasters), strengthens the foundations of sustainable agriculture undertaken by the resource-poor small farm families.
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Paul, A. C., P. M. B. Pillai, P. P. Haridasan, Sujatha Radhakrishnan, and S. Krishnamony. "Population exposure to airborne thorium at the high natural radiation areas in India." Journal of Environmental Radioactivity 40, no. 3 (September 1998): 251–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0265-931x(97)00087-8.
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Sabharwal, Arvind D., Singh Bhupinder, Sanjeev Kumar, and Surinder Singh. "Natural radioactivity levels (K, Th and Ra) in some areas of Punjab, India." EPJ Web of Conferences 24 (2012): 05010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/20122405010.
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Bowen, Robert. "Hydrogeology of the Bist Doab and Adjacent Areas, Punjab, India." Hydrology Research 16, no. 1 (February 1, 1985): 33–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1985.0003.
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In India, as elsewhere, groundwater is a vital component of the ecosystem and its controlled use should not interfere adversely with the natural hydrologic cycle. However, its misuse causes many problems and may be observed in the Bist Doab and adjacent areas of the Punjab state where difficulties arise from water-logging, pollution by industrial toxic wates and overdraft in the phreatic aquifer. Remedial measures should include artificial recharge to groundwater in recharge areas by means of check impoundments and infiltration basins in order to overcome serious over-exploitation currently in progress.
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Chhikara, Kuldip S., and Anand S. Kodan. "National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) in India." Management and Labour Studies 37, no. 2 (May 2012): 143–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0258042x1203700205.
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The study points out that low coverage, low operational performance, low participation of volunteer farmers, low awareness of farmers, low access of farmers to institutional credit, continuous banks’ failure in achieving the target of priority sector in common and agriculture credit in particular, shrinking the banking facilities in rural areas, re-emergence of unauthorized source of credit in rural areas, low education of farmers, non cooperation of bankers towards farmers, problems of design and implementation of the NAIS, problems of obtaining accurate and timely price data from local markets, the model of measurement of agriculture loss by natural hazards which is not appropriate to all farmers are the common weakness of the National Agriculture Insurance Scheme (NAIS). The agriculture sector of India—the main employment provider and the backbone of Indian economy, is affected most by recurring natural hazards due to climate changes, and requires the most care and protection against all sort of uncertainties, hence, NAIS can prove itself as the best protector (Ram Baan) in this context.
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Thomas, Ansu. "Bushmeat and zoonoses threats warrant need for national zoonoses combat inter-disciplinary research partnership, evolving citizen science and policy ban of trade and consumption." International Journal of Scientific Reports 7, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20205499.
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<p class="Noindentpara">“We must find them before they find us” said Dr.Shi, Bat Virologist”. Indian bat species diversity stands 127 ssp and China 147 bat ssp. Indian publications online (2000-2020), searching “bat”, “Chiroptera”, “India”, retrieved results viz., 191 (Elsevier); 27 (Scopus) and 0 (Wiley). For China, 594 publications exist (2000-2017)2; Himalayan cave bat biodiversity is not systematized, average annual deforestation rate, from 2000 to 2014 being 0.5% (Bhutan, Nepal) but 1.3% in India, China. “Dilution effect”, so-called “negative diversity–disease”, says ‘biodiversity losses promote disease transmission’. Protecting natural areas from human incursion reduces zoonotic disease spillover. Emergence of bat coronavirus represents recent viral explosion reaction to declining biodiversity. Meta-analysis of 143 hunting studies from India showed 114 mammal species but bat-hunting data absent.</p>
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Singh, Shyam Bahadur. "Women as Milieu Managers in Integrated Watershed Management: Perspectives from the Hilly Areas of Uttarakhand." Space and Culture, India 2, no. 4 (March 29, 2015): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20896/saci.v2i4.130.
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Integrated watershed management provides a viable mechanism for managing land, water and biomass of a region, especially in the rain-fed areas of India. It foresees a sustainable conservation of available natural resources and embarks upon collective action irrespective of gender bias. In the marginal hilly areas of the country, the burden of livelihood directly falls upon the womenfolk. This is because due to lack of off-farm activities the hills of India see a lot of male outmigration in search of better employment activities. The degradation in the ecosystem/natural resources thus has a direct bearing upon the women of the region, as they are the ultimate stakeholders of the natural endowments. Integrated watershed management provides a ray of hope amidst the swarm of faulty and borrowed developmental plans, especially for the womenfolk of the marginal hilly areas of the country. The present paper assesses the role the women play in managing their immediate surroundings and argues that the level of participation of women remains paramount in integrated watershed management in the hilly areas of Uttarakhand.
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Chandra, Priyanka, and Daljit Singh Arora. "Antioxidant activity of fungi isolated from soil of different areas of Punjab,India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2009): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v1i2.49.
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The study was carried outto investigate the antioxidant activity of fungi isolated from soil of different areas of Punjab, India and compare their efficiency with a known antioxidant, ascorbic acid. The antioxidant potential of fungal extracts was quantified by DPPH and reducing power assay. Total phenolic contents were estimated using Folins-Ciocalteau (FC) reagent. Out of 113 fungal isolates selected, 51 were having antioxidant potential and these were further assayed quantitatively. All of these showed good activity against DPPH radical while 32 of these isolates demonstrated reducing potential also. In addition, some were equally good as ascorbic acid. The present study demonstrated potential of soil fungi to have antioxidant activity similar to plants and mushrooms. High phenolic content of fungi further highlight their significance as new sources of natural antioxidants. These fungi may provide easier set up for production and purification of natural antioxidants as compared to higher plants.
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Mathur, Meeta, and Sangeeta Sharma. "Strategic Metamorphoses of ICT Sector for Human Development in India." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 1, no. 4 (October 2009): 16–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jicthd.2009091502.
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As Indian economy gets integrated to the global economy and strives to improve in terms of human development indicators, a special role exists for information and communication technologies (ICT) in this process. The strategic metamorphoses and the resultant expansion of ICT linked telecommunication services in India have favorably influenced the effort to accelerate the pace of human development by enabling equality in access to information, creation of employment, improving the quality of life, better livelihood opportunities in rural areas, growth of agriculture, impetus to business development, environmental management and many more. After the initiation of economic planning in India, telecom services were assumed to be natural monopoly and were provided by one entity without competition. The government launched ambitious ICT infrastructure initiatives, radically changing its communication policy framework. The resultant growth of ICT services in India has led to significant improvement in human development levels. It has led to a reduction in information asymmetry between the rich and the poor, improvement in telecom density and ICT accessibility in rural areas, fostering inclusive growth, providing better access to market information to people in remote and rural areas, facilitating technological leapfrogging, enhancing business networking and offering new opportunities from the perspective of human development.
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F, Varghese. "A Case Study: Natural Clustering Among Indian States." International Journal of Business and Management Research 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijbmr.060201.
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India with a population of 1.34 billion stands as the second populous country in the world. In India about 51 births takes place in a minute. Child health plays a vital role in the development of a country. Health of the population significantly affects both social development and economic progress. Given the relevance of health for human well-being and social welfare, it is important to ensure equitable access to health care services by identifying priority areas and ensuring improvements in quality of healthcare services. Recent studies had reflected that the neighbourhood plays a crucial role in the health status. Socio- economic status of the neighbourhood has linked with the mortality, general health status, disability, birth-rate, chronic condition, health behavior and other risk factors for chronic disease, as well as mental health, injuries, violence’s and other indicators of health [4]. This study aims to determine whether on the basis of maternal and children health status, there could be any natural clustering among the different districts of India. K mean clustering was used to find the number of clusters among Indian states. According to the majority rule, 2 would be the best number of clusters in the data set. In fact, 10 among 27 indices select 2 as the optimal number of cluster. Hence, the majority rule seems to be a more reliable solution for selecting the best number of clusters. Hence the different districts are grouped together to form two natural clusters. This implies that the health status of children in these district are interdependent. Not only the factors within one district are responsible for the health status of the children, there is also a great influence from the neighbouring districts. In order to mould a better future generation, the focuses should be made in the entire country.
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Sreekumar, Ananthakrishnakurup, Padmavathy Amma Jayalekshmi, Athira Nandakumar, Raghu Ram K. Nair, Riyaz Ahammed, Paul Sebastian, Chihaya Koriyama, Suminori Akiba, Seiichi Nakamura, and Junji Konishi. "Thyroid nodule prevalence among women in areas of high natural background radiation, Karunagappally, Kerala, India." Endocrine 67, no. 1 (October 21, 2019): 124–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12020-019-02071-z.
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ORMSBY, ALISON A., and SHONIL A. BHAGWAT. "Sacred forests of India: a strong tradition of community-based natural resource management." Environmental Conservation 37, no. 3 (August 12, 2010): 320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892910000561.
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SUMMARYSacred forests represent an important long-held tradition of conserving specific land areas that have cultural, and often religious, significance. India, with its diversity of cultures and traditions, has over 100 000 sacred forests. Many of these groves are forest fragments in agricultural landscapes. In most cases, community members are at least aware of these fragments, if not actively involved in their protection and management. This review focuses on the Western Ghats in southern India and Meghalaya state in north-eastern India, both international biodiversity hotspots. In addition to the cultural significance of sacred forests, a number of studies have suggested that they are important refuges for conservation of biological diversity, including medicinal plants, within highly anthropogenic landscapes. Whilst sacred groves have been successful conservation areas, current threats to these forests are numerous, ranging from pressures for use of timber and other forest products to clearing for agriculture or general changes in cultural traditions. A variety of arrangements exist for ownership and management of sacred forests, making it necessary to identify solutions on a case-by-case basis. Support for the continued practice of the tradition of sacred forest protection is needed in order to provide a culturally sensitive model for community-based natural resource management.
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Behera, Anshuman. "Politics of Good Governance and Development in Maoist Affected Scheduled Areas in India: A Critical Engagement." Studies in Indian Politics 7, no. 1 (May 5, 2019): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2321023019838649.
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The scheduled areas (SA) of central and eastern India, many of which are affected by the Maoist violence, have been subjected to systematic deprivation of natural resources, long-standing marginalization, poverty and economic underdevelopment. Various development and governance schemes that are packaged with the brand of ‘Good Governance and Development’ in these areas have aggravated deprivation in terms of land alienation, lack of autonomy of the local communities and multiple exploitations. The Maoists who claim to represent the local communities are often seen imposing their authoritarian diktats over these communities. On the other hand, the Indian state uses a military approach to fight the Maoist violence along with promotion of development initiatives to address the local discontents. The prolonged conflict between the state and the Maoists exposes the local communities to continued exploitation and deprivation. This article highlights the contradictions between the governance mechanisms and development measures vis-à-vis the constitutional provisions related to the autonomy of local communities in the SA. Subsequently, the article interrogates the politics of control and management of natural resources through governance mechanisms and development initiatives. Second, the article identifies the commonalities between the state and the Maoists in terms of their control over the local communities. The article argues that the state-led initiatives and the Maoist movement are both instruments in sustaining the conflict and alienation of the local communities.
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Richards, J. F., James R. Hagen, and Edward S. Haynes. "Changing Land Use in Bihar, Punjab and Haryana, 1850–1970." Modern Asian Studies 19, no. 3 (July 1985): 699–732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00007770.
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Undivided colonial India experienced an accelerated rate of economic change in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Official policies and funds combined with private entrepreneurial energies and investment to intensify India's linkages with the world market in trade, industry, agriculture, and natural resource extraction. Slow, but in the long term steady, population expansion accompanied this trend. After 1947, economic development accelerated under five-year plans in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, and transformed the earlier colonial economy. Population figures have similarly shot up since partition and independence. These two linked trends have accompanied steadily intensifying human intervention in the natural environment of the subcontinent over the same time. One effect, among others, has been dramatic alteration in land use and vegetation cover. Comparing Francis Buchanan's early nineteenth-century descriptions of the countryside in both north and south India with the appearance of these areas today suggests just how sweeping these changes have been. The landscape of today in virtually every Indian district is very different from that seen two hundred or even hundred years ago.
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Prokop, Paweł, and Subir Sarkar. "Natural and human impact on land use change of the Sikkimese-Bhutanese Himalayan Piedmont, India." Quaestiones Geographicae 31, no. 3 (October 1, 2012): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10117-012-0010-z.
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Abstract . Natural and human causes of land use transformation were analysed in the Sikkimese-Bhutanese Himalayan piedmont over last 150 years with special emphasize on period 1930-2010. A hydrologic and geomorphic approach was employed to delineate three study areas along river courses on alluvial fans stretching 10 km from the mountain front. The visual interpretation of topographic maps and satellite images combined with logical rules in GIS were used for determination of stable and dynamic areas from the viewpoint of land use changes. Analysis indicates rapid replacement of natural forest through location of tea plantations, crop cultivation and development of settlement in the late 19th century. The shift from natural to human dominated landscape caused increase land use stability through enlargement of areas with monoculture cultivation of tea and paddy between 1930 and 2010. The natural fluvial activity intensified by human induced deforestation of Himalayan margin and clearance of riparian vegetation along foothill channels became the most important factors of present-day land use changes of piedmont.
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A, Kavitha, and Mary Kensa V. "SURVEY OF TREES AND SHRUBS IN MARUNGOOR, KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT, TAMIL NADU, SOUTHERN INDIA." Kongunadu Research Journal 4, no. 3 (December 30, 2017): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/krj230.
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India is one of the twelve mega-biodiversity countries in the world, which has very rich floral vegetation with variety of plants of high economic value including plants of medicinal importance. Present survey was conducted in the plant species (Trees and Shrubs) growing in their natural habitats like grounds, roadsides, open land, home gardens. Plant specimens were collected (depending upon their availability) from the area under investigation. These specimens were identified and photographed. Maximum plants have been photographed in their natural habitat whereas others in the laboratory conditions. The present study site hada high species diversity for both tree and shrub species. Probably, the high species diversity for trees and shrubs could be attributed to the many tributaries and streams that empty rich organic content and mineral resources utilized by the species for growth and production. It is therefore recommended that measures tofoster partnership between the community and other stakeholders in natural resources conservation in the areas should be encouraged to ensure sustainable natural resources management in the areas.
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Chauhan, Akshansha, Rajesh Kumar, and Ramesh Singh. "Coupling between Land–Ocean–Atmosphere and Pronounced Changes in Atmospheric/Meteorological Parameters Associated with the Hudhud Cyclone of October 2014." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 12 (December 6, 2018): 2759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122759.
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India is vulnerable to all kinds of natural hazards associated with land, ocean, biosphere, atmosphere, and snow/glaciers. These natural hazards impact large areas and the population living in the affected regions. India is surrounded by ocean on three sides and is vulnerable to cyclonic activities. Every year cyclones hit the east and west coasts of India, affecting the population living along the coasts and infrastructure and inland areas. The extent of the affected inland areas depends on the intensity of the cyclone. On 12 October 2014, a strong cyclone “Hudhud” hit the east coast of India that caused a high degree of devastation along the coast. The impact of this cyclone was seen up to the Himalayan region. Detailed analysis of satellite and ground data show a strong coupling between land-ocean-atmosphere associated with the Hudhud cyclone. The contrast between land and ocean temperature was found to be closely related with the formation of the cyclone in the ocean and its movements towards land. Pronounced changes in the ocean, land, atmospheric, and meteorological parameters with the development of the cyclone and its landfall have been observed. Changes in total column ozone (TCO), relative humidity (RH), and volume mixing ratio of CO (CO VMR), water mixing ratio (H2O MMR), surface latent heat flux (SLHF), and aerosol optical properties derived from satellite data show characteristic behavior of the Hudhud cyclone.
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Yeh, Harry, R. K. Chadha, Mathew Francis, Toshitaka Katada, G. Latha, Curt Peterson, G. Raghuraman, and J. P. Singh. "Tsunami Runup Survey along the Southeast Indian Coast." Earthquake Spectra 22, no. 3_suppl (June 2006): 173–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1193/1.2202651.
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The 26 December Indian Ocean tsunami was an extraordinary event in the history of natural hazards. It severely affected many countries surrounding the Indian Ocean: Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, Myanmar, Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, the Maldives, and African countries. Unlike the previous tsunami events in the last 40 years, the seriously affected areas are so vast that a traditional ground-level tsunami survey covering all the necessary areas by a single survey team was impractical. This destructive event will undoubtedly provide many opportunities to explore both basic and applied research in tsunami science and engineering fields and will lead to better preparedness for future disasters. A tsunami runup survey was conducted that spans Vedaranniyam (10° 23.5′ N) to Vodarevu (15° 47.6′ N)—more than 600 km of the southeast Indian coast—which suffered from the distant tsunami, whose source was more than 1,500 km away.
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Krishna, Sumi. "Gender, Tribe and Community Control of Natural Resources in North-east India." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 8, no. 2 (September 2001): 307–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097152150100800210.
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Following public debate on the dissonance between tribal traditions of self-governance and modern formal institutions in December 1996, Parliament extended the Panchayat Act to the areas covered by Schedule V of the Constitution. In many parts of India this has facilitated tribal women's legal right to participate in NRM. This paper describes the particular situation in north-eastern India, which is a region of great biogeographic and strategic significance. In the north-east existing customary practices (backed by special Constitutional arrangements or the provisions of Schedule VI) continue to deny tribal women ownership and significant control over local resources. With particular reference to Arunachal Pradesh and Mizoram, the paper argues for a reappraisal by tribal women and men of the sharply gender-biased customary practices and constitutional provisions in order to draw out women's power and strengthen their capacity to shape local resource management.
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Singh, Hemant, Gobind Sagar Bhardwaj, N. Gokulakannan, Saket Agasti, and K. Aditya. "First photographic evidence and distribution of the Indian Pangolin Manis crassicaudata (Mammalia: Pholidota: Manidae) in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 7 (June 26, 2021): 18888–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.6290.13.7.18888-18893.
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The Indian Pangolin, although considered to be widely distributed due to its elusive nature and low detection probability its status and distribution records are very limited. Rampant hunting for local consumption, and illegal wildlife trade for medicinal and ornamental purposes has pushed the species towards serious decline. Herein, we report the first photographic records of the Indian Pangolin in Sariska Tiger Reserve (STR), Rajasthan, India. During our camera trapping study from June 2018 to April 2019, out of 29,220 camera trapping nights the species was recorded on four occasions, at two different locations in STR. The species was recorded in the open forest areas near natural water bodies situated in the middle of dense Anogeissus pendula forests.
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Poonia, Anamika, and Milap Punia. "A question on sustainability of drinking water supply: a district level analysis of India using analytic hierarchy process." Water Policy 20, no. 4 (April 13, 2018): 712–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wp.2018.104.
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Abstract The subject of drinking water supply falls under the legislative jurisdiction of the State governments in India. States have their own mechanism of drinking water supply through urban and rural local bodies. Drinking water supply itself is a multidimensional phenomenon of sources, quality, accessibility, sufficiency, etc. This study combines various aspects of drinking water supply at the district level, by assigning weights through analytic hierarchy process, to result in a drinking water supply index. The spatial pattern of drinking water supply index is not in favor of the areas having abundant natural water endowment. Areas which are low in the natural endowment of water are better in drinking water supply, while areas which have abundant natural water are not able to manage the available water and are low on the drinking water supply index. Among various socio-economic-political factors, water governance is most important in the wake of water supply being the function of urban and rural local bodies.
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Tripathi, Vira, and Anil K. Dwivedi. "Monitoring of arsenic in groundwater of adjoining areas of Gorakhpur District (U.P.), India." Annals of Plant Sciences 7, no. 4 (April 13, 2018): 2205. http://dx.doi.org/10.21746/aps.2018.7.4.23.
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Arsenic contamination is an enormous worldwide problem. Groundwater arsenic contamination and sufferings of people have been reported in 20 countries in different parts of the world. The magnitude is considered highest in 5 Asian countries and the severity is in order of Bangladesh> India> Mangolia > China> Taiwan. The contamination of drinking water supplies with natural Occurring arsenic is major health problem. The paper deals estimation of arsenic in groundwater of Gorakhpur district. For this purpose, total 36 study sites were selected in urban as well as in rural area of the district, further the samples were collected from shallow bore well as from the deep bore wells. It was concluded that 5 areas are under high risk zone of arsenic, 5 areas are at the low risk and 26 areas which are monitored are in the safe zone of arsenic. High risk areas are crossing the permissible level of arsenic consumption according to WHO.
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Rani, Asha, and Surinder Singh. "Natural radioactivity levels in soil samples from some areas of Himachal Pradesh, India using γ-ray spectrometry." Atmospheric Environment 39, no. 34 (November 2005): 6306–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2005.07.050.
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Chavan, Ashwini. "Design of Natural Gas Pipeline." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VIII (August 15, 2021): 733–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37468.
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India today has an in depth network of underground pipelines used for the transportation and distribution of gas. Large factories, fertilizer factories and other industrial enterprises are the most consumers in PNG and today, however, with the rise in its popularity, it's currently utilized in the domestic sector similarly as a fuel within the automotive sector in large metropolitan cities. To bring gas to those end users within the boundaries of a significant city, it's necessary to create city gas distribution pipeline networks. India today has an intensive network of underground pipelines used for the transportation and distribution of fossil fuel. Large factories, fertilizer factories and other industrial enterprises are the most consumers in PNG and today, however, with the rise in its popularity, it's currently employed in the domestic sector additionally as a fuel within the automotive sector in large metropolitan cities. To bring gas to those end users within the boundaries of a significant city, it's necessary to create city gas distribution pipeline networks, these networks have already been founded within the cities of Delhi, Mumbai, Vadodara, Firozabad, Kanpur and plenty of more such networks are planned within the near future. Given the infrastructure and layout available in typical Indian cities, it becomes difficult to make such gas distribution networks without separate corridors for competing utilities. Reckoning on pressures, flow rates and economic criteria, these networks may be constructed with steel pipes, polyethylene (PE) pipes or a hybrid PE-steel pipe system. In contrast to borehole pipelines, which stretch for miles directly through open fields, the CGD network is more complex. These are located in densely populated areas, and an oversized number of network branches meet the wants of users in several locations in an exceedingly city. Although they're much smaller long and size than background pipelines, a city's network is far more dispersed and diverse. The rise within the number of branches means over the amount of sleeves, bends, reducers, fittings, etc. within the network, with the exception of the quantity of delivery points for the availability of fossil fuel. Due to the assorted activities of third parties other city agencies, the chance of injury and accidents is even on top of the substantial pipelines. of these factors require better security systems integrated into the network and therefore the need for special preparation to manage any emergency situation.
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Poyyamoli, G. "Ecotourism Policy in India: Rhetoric and Reality." Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources 1, no. 1 (August 13, 2018): 46–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33002/nr2581.6853.01015.
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Although there is a National Ecotourism Policy for India, it has serious flaws that permit “green washing” resulting in the degradation of nature and culture in highly sensitive ecotourism destination areas. National Ecotourism Policy is critically reviewed in this article, indicating the lacuna and shortcomings that throw some light on the gap between rhetoric and reality. Remedial policy interventions for promoting authentic ecotourism in India are suggested in this article based on best practice case studies from Asia that will ensure sustainable management of precious natural and cultural resources through community cooperation and collective action at the local and regional level.
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Arunachalam, Krishna, Monikandon Sukumaran, Mohammad Tanveer, and Kesavan Devarayan. "Physicochemical Analysis of Ground Water Samples of South Coastal Areas of Kanniya kumari in the Post-Tsunami Scenario." Material Science Research India 13, no. 2 (September 6, 2016): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/msri/130209.
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In this study, the effect of ‘natural/self cleaning’ of ground water by precipitation after a decade of tsunami is evaluated along the coast of Kanniyakumari district, Tamil Nadu, India. The samples were collected from five stations namely Colachel, Muttom, Periyakadu, Manakudy, and Kanniyakumari. The physicochemical parameters such as turbidity, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, pH, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, and fluoride were evaluated and compared with the database of the pre-tsunami sample collected in 2004. The results indicated that the ‘natural cleaning’ has improved the quality of the ground water over the years after tsunami.
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Decemson, Ht, Sushanto Gouda, Lalbiakzuala, Lalmuansanga, Gospel Zothanmawia Hmar, and H.T. Lalremsanga. "An annotated checklist of amphibians in and around Dampa Tiger Reserve, Mizoram, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 3 (March 29, 2021): 17918–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.6319.13.3.17918-17929.
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Amphibians are an integral part of the ecosystem and act as an ecological indicator. As several species are added to the list of threatened species every year due to loss of habitat, it is important to understand the role of unmanaged landscape for sustenance of amphibian diversity. In this study, 28 amphibian species were recorded from different modified habitat including 19 new records for Dampa Tiger Reserve (DTR) and its surrounding areas. Further, six species, Amolops indoburmanensis, Limnonectes khasianus, Microhyla mukhlesuri, M. mymensinghensis, Raorchestes rezakhani, and Sylvirana lacrima are new distribution records for the state of Mizoram and out of these, two species, Raorchestes rezakhani and Sylvirana lacrima, are new country records for India. Amongst the recorded species, four species are Data Deficient, two Vulnerable, 14 Least Concern, and eight species are not assessed as per the IUCN Red List. Within the core and buffer areas of DTR, we found that natural perennial stream, puddles, canals, natural ponds, fish ponds, roadside, primary forest, secondary forest, paddy fields, and human settlement areas are excellent microhabitats for amphibian population and need to be conserved for their rich ecological niches.
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Sushanto Gouda, Ht. Decemson, Abinash Parida, and G. S. Solanki. "Impact of shifting cultivation on mammalian diversity and distribution in fringe areas of Dampa tiger reserve, Mizoram, India." Environment Conservation Journal 21, no. 1&2 (June 10, 2020): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36953/ecj.2020.211212.
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Shifting cultivation is a largely practiced agricultural technique in the north-eastern part of India. This has led the fragmentation of natural habitat for wildlife species. Impact of jhum cultivation on distribution of mammalian species was studied through transect survey for scat, camera trapping, and burrow counting. Barking deer (27%) and wild boar (24%) were most frequent visitors. Among the carnivores highest abundance (3-5 scat samples per jhum field) was recorded for leopard cat and Indian Palm civet. 2-5 years old abandoned jhum fields were recorded to be suitable habitat for movement of large herbivores. The frequency of scat decreased with age of the jhum >5 yrs. Road sides, trails and primary forest near the active jhum forest were actively visited by clouded leopard. The encounter rate for active and old burrows of rodents were highest in 1-2 years old/ recently abandoned jhum fields with a rate of 3.56 km2 and 2.68 km2 respectively. Camera trapping also resulted in 36 images of different animal species. Increased spatial heterogeneity promotes mammalian distribution.
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Joy, Tony, and Jose K. Antony. "Motivation for Adventure Tourism through Off-Roading – A Study in the Hill Areas of Kerala, India." Atna Journal of Tourism Studies 14, no. 2 (January 17, 2021): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.12727/ajts.22.4.
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Increase in the number of participants who are interested in Off-Roading Trips has contributed to the growth of the local tourism economy of the hill areas of Kerala, but it was found that Off-Roading without any control, would create serious repercussions to the natural environment in the areas. The study focused on the popularity and the significance of Off-Roading Trips in the Hill Areas of Kottayam, Idukki, Pathanamthitta and Wayanad and suggests strategies to be adopted so as to improve sustainable Off-Roading practices in the regions.
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Ranjan, Amit. "Contours of India - Nepal Relationship and Trans-Boundary Rivers Water Disputes." Journal of International Affairs 1, no. 1 (October 3, 2016): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/joia.v1i1.22637.
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India and Nepal share about 1800 square kilometres of porous border, inhabit the majority of their members from the same religious group and have symbiotic interdependent on each other; yet they are engaged into disputes over many issues. It is always alleged by Nepal that India does not consider it as a sovereign country rather as one of its own administrative unit. The basis of this allegation is behaviour of Indian establishment and its epistemic community towards Nepal. The political tensions between the two countries have kept on surfacing at intermittent period and have influenced the water sharing arrangements between the two countries. Nepal alleges that as a powerful country, India exploits Nepal’s natural resources for its own benefit. As a result many of the transboundary river water treaties have not been activated, some have been sternly opposed by the people from the catchment areas, and a few’s future is hanging in the air. To overcome these problems and its dependency on India, many times Nepal has invited other countries to develop its hydropower sector. Amidst all existing differences the two countries share inextricable relationship because of geographical location and shared primordial identity.
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Biswas, H., A. Raizada, D. Mandal, S. Kumar, S. Srinivas, and P. K. Mishra. "Identification of areas vulnerable to soil erosion risk in India using GIS methods." Solid Earth 6, no. 4 (November 30, 2015): 1247–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-6-1247-2015.
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Abstract. This paper attempts to provide information for policymakers and soil conservation planners in the form of district-wise soil erosion risk (SER) maps prepared for the state of Telangana, India. The SER values for each district were computed by extracting the information on grid-wise soil erosion and soil loss tolerance limit values existing on the country-scale in a GIS environment. The objectives of the study were to (i) identify the areas of the state with a high erosion risk, and (ii) identify areas with an urgent need of conservation measures. The results reveal that around 69 % of the state has a negligible risk of soil erosion above the tolerance limits, and does not call for immediate soil conservation measures. The remaining area (2.17 M ha) requires conservation planning. Four districts, viz. Adilabad, Warangal, Khammam, and Karimnagar are the most risk-prone with more than one-quarter of their total geographical areas showing net positive SER values. In order to obtain a clearer picture and categorize the districts based on their extent of vulnerability, weighted erosion risk values were computed. Adilabad, Warangal, and Khammam were identified as the worst-affected districts in terms of soil erosion, and therefore are in need of immediate attention of natural resource conservation.
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Biswas, H., A. Raizada, D. Mandal, S. Kumar, S. Srinivas, and P. K. Mishra. "Identification of vulnerable areas to soil erosion risk in India using GIS methods." Solid Earth Discussions 7, no. 2 (June 4, 2015): 1611–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sed-7-1611-2015.
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Abstract. This paper attempts to provide information for policy makers and soil conservation planners in the form of district-wise soil erosion risk (SER) maps prepared for the state of Telengana, India. The SER values for each district were computed by extracting the information on grid-wise soil erosion and soil loss tolerance limit values existing on the country-scale in a GIS environment. The objectives of the study were to (i) identify the areas of the state with high erosion risk, and (ii) identify areas with urgent needs of conservation measures. The results reveal that around 69% of the state has negligible risk of soil erosion above the tolerance limits, and does not call for immediate soil conservation measures. The remaining area (2.17M ha) requires conservation planning. Four districts, viz. Adilabad, Warangal, Khammam and Karimnagar are the most risk prone with more than one-fourth of their total geographical areas showing net positive SER values. In order to obtain a clearer picture and categorize the districts based on their extent of vulnerability, the Weighted Erosion Risk values were computed. Adilabad, Warangal and Khammam were identified as the worst-affected districts in terms of soil erosion and therefore need immediate attention for natural resource conservation.
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Mewa Singh, Mridula Singh, Honnavalli N. Kumara, Dilip Chetry, and Santanu Mahato. "A history of primatology in India (In memory of Professor Sheo Dan Singh)." Journal of Threatened Taxa 12, no. 13 (September 26, 2020): 16715–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.6524.12.13.16715-16735.
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India harbors a wide diversity of primates with 24 species that include lorises, macaques, langurs and gibbons. Systematic research on the primates in India started about 60 years ago. In order to develop a historical perspective, we recognize three broad phases of primate research: largely natural history and base line research, primarily behavioral ecology research, and increasingly question and hypothesis-driven research. We describe the old and the recent primate research in the country and suggest research areas for the future.
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Bachate, Ravindra Parshuram, and Ashok Sharma. "Acquaintance with Natural Language Processing for Building Smart Society." E3S Web of Conferences 170 (2020): 02006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202017002006.
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Natural Language Processing (NLP) deals with the spoken languages by using computer and Artificial Intelligence. As people from different regional areas using different digital platforms and expressing their views in their spoken language, it is now must to focus on working spoken languages in India to make our society smart and digital. NLP research grown tremendously in last decade which results in Siri, Google Assistant, Alexa, Cortona and many more automatic speech recognitions and understanding systems (ASR). Natural Language Processing can be understood by classifying it into Natural Language Generation and Natural Language Understanding. NLP is widely used in various domain such as Health Care, Chatbot, ASR building, HR, Sentiment analysis etc.
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Basak, Krishnendu, Moiz Ahmed, M. Suraj, B. V. Reddy, O. P. Yadav, and Krishnendu Mondal. "Diet ecology of tigers and leopards in Chhattisgarh, central India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 12, no. 3 (February 26, 2020): 15289–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.5526.12.3.15289-15300.
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Wild prey base is a potential regulatory parameter that supports successful propagation and secured long term survival of large predators in their natural habitats. Therefore, low wild prey availability with higher available livestock in or around forest areas often catalyzes livestock depredation by predators that eventually leads to adverse situations to conservation initiatives. Thus understanding the diet ecology of large predators is significant for their conservation in the areas with low prey base. The present study reports the diet ecology of tiger and leopard in Udanti Sitanadi Tiger Reserve and Bhoramdeo Wildlife Sanctuary, in central India to know the effect of wild prey availability on prey predator relationship. We walked line transects to estimate prey abundance in the study areas where we found langur and rhesus macaque to be the most abundant species. Scat analysis showed that despite the scarcity of large and medium ungulates, tiger used wild ungulates including chital and wild pig along with high livestock utilization (39%). Leopards highly used langur (43–50 %) as a prime prey species but were observed to exploit livestock as prey (7–9 %) in both the study areas. Scarcity of wild ungulates and continuous livestock predation by tiger and leopard eventually indicated that the study areas were unable to sustain healthy large predator populations. Developing some strong protection framework and careful implementation of the ungulate augmentation can bring a fruitful result to hold viable populations of tiger and leopard and secure their long term survival in the present study areas in central India, Chhattisgarh.
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Omori, Yasutaka, Shinji Tokonami, Sarata Kumar Sahoo, Tetsuo Ishikawa, Atsuyuki Sorimachi, Masahiro Hosoda, Hiromi Kudo, et al. "Radiation dose due to radon and thoron progeny inhalation in high-level natural radiation areas of Kerala, India." Journal of Radiological Protection 37, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 111–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6498/37/1/111.
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Sonkamble, Sahebrao, Md Wajihuddin, Mahesh Jampani, S. Sarah, V. K. Somvanshi, Shakeel Ahmed, Priyanie Amerasinghe, and Alexandre Boisson. "Natural treatment system models for wastewater management: a study from Hyderabad, India." Water Science and Technology 77, no. 2 (November 7, 2017): 479–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.565.
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Abstract Wastewater generated on a global scale has become a significant source of water resources which necessitates appropriate management strategies. However, the complexities associated with wastewater are lack of economically viable treatment systems, especially in low- and middle-income countries. While many types of treatment systems are needed to serve the various local issues, we propose natural treatment systems (NTS) such as natural wetlands that are eco-friendly, cost-effective, and can be jointly driven by public bodies and communities. In order for it to be part of wastewater management, this study explores the NTS potential for removal of pollutants, cost-effectiveness, and reuse options for the 1.20 million m3/day of wastewater generated in Hyderabad, India. The pilot study includes hydro-geophysical characterization of natural wetland to determine pollutant removal efficiency and its effective utilization for treated wastewater in the peri-urban habitat. The results show the removal of organic content (76–78%), nutrients (77–97%), and microbes (99.5–99.9%) from the wetland-treated wastewater and its suitability for agriculture applications. Furthermore, the wetland efficiency integrated with engineered interventions led to the development of NTS models with different application scenarios: (i) constructed wetlands, (ii) minimized community wetlands, and (iii) single outlet system, suitable for urban, peri-urban and rural areas, respectively.
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Kumar, Ashok. "A report on the Butterflies in Jhansi (U.P.) India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2012): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v4i1.221.
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The city Jhansi is famous for the fort, gardens and surrounding hilly areas. These gardens and hilly areas have supported for butterflies and other insects. The butterflies are essential part of any natural ecosystem as their adults performs pollination. They are highly mobile organism and are able to maintain connectivity between the fragmental habitats. The larval stages are herbivorous and cause economic damage but adult are beneficial as pollinators of several trees and herbaceous flora. They are vulnerable to changes in flower supply resulting fromdeforestation and environmental pollution hence they are the biological indicators of pollution. The present study was conducted regarding the different selected sites visited by butterflies, their foraging activity and abundance at different sites of Jhansi. During the visit some species of butterflies were collected as flower visitors on different species of flowering plants (garden, cultivated, semi wild and wild) in selected areas. The species of collected butterflies were showed the most common and highly active species throughout the day. Some species namely Pieris canidia indica, lxias mrianne (Cramer), Catopsilia crocale (Cramer), Catopsilia pyranthe (Linn.), Eurema hecabe fimbriata (Wallace) Colias electo fieldi and Colias erate (Esper) were observed mostly on the flowering plants of each site during the study. The nymphalids were found to be very common in the plane areas of Jhansi as flower visitors and only one species Papilio demoleus could be collected from only two sites.
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Chen, Ying, Brenda J. Marsh, and Wolfgang Stephan. "Joint Effects of Natural Selection and Recombination on Gene Flow Between Drosophila ananassae Populations." Genetics 155, no. 3 (July 1, 2000): 1185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/155.3.1185.
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Abstract We estimated DNA sequence variation in a 5.7-kb fragment of the furrowed (fw) gene region within and between four populations of Drosophila ananassae; fw is located in a chromosomal region of very low recombination. We analyzed gene flow between these four populations along a latitudinal transect on the Indian subcontinent: two populations from southern, subtropical areas (Hyderabad, India, and Sri Lanka) and two from more temperate zones in the north (Nepal and Burma). Furthermore, we compared the pattern of differentiation at fw with published data from Om(1D), a gene located in a region of normal recombination. While differentiation at Om(1D) shows an isolation-by-distance effect, at fw the pattern of differentiation is quite different such that the frequencies of single nucleotide polymorphisms are homogenized over extended geographic regions (i.e., among the two populations of the northern species range from Burma and Nepal as well as among the two southern populations from India and Sri Lanka), but strongly differentiated between the northern and southern populations. To examine these differences in the patterns of variation and differentiation between the Om(1D) and fw gene regions, we determine the critical values of our previously proposed test of the background selection hypothesis (henceforth called FST test). Using these results, we show that the pattern of differentiation at fw may be inconsistent with the background selection model. The data depart from this model in a direction that is compatible with the occurrence of recent selective sweeps in the northern as well as southern populations.
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Karar Ahmad, Md. "Flood Mitigation in Developing Countries: A Case Study of India." Asian Review of Social Sciences 7, no. 1 (May 5, 2018): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/arss-2018.7.1.1378.
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Floods are the common natural disasters in most of the developing countries, and India isno exception.Due to the geographic and climatic conditions the country remains under threat. Floods have been recurrent phenomenon in many parts of India, causing loss of lives and public property and bringing untold misery to the people. The floods that occurred in India in 2013 were highly catastrophic based on the number of victims. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, IFRC (2013) continues to steer the evacuation efforts as well as in rescuing the stranded victims. Methods of structural control of floodwater can be grouped into four types; namely, storage, diversion, enhancing channel capacity, and constriction of the water within the channel. The following flood mitigation measures could be adopted to mitigate the adverse impacts of severe floods and to prevent normal floods. Flood walls are constructed out of materials such as concrete or steel in order to control the flow of flood waters and prevent the flooding of specific areas. The construction of floodwalls and embankments has been the traditional means of protecting low lying communities and infrastructure against flooding. Flood hazard maps contain information about the probability or magnitude of an event whereas flood risk maps contain additional information about the consequences. Flood insurance is one of the effective ways in order to cope with the aftermaths of flood events. The Indian government acknowledges the problems the country faces because of the various natural disasters that occur. Consequently, various agencies have been instituted to evaluate the country’s exposure to disasters and to develop ways of mitigating or managing the impacts of the disasters.
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Sharma, Bhavna, and Kiranmay Sarma. "Status Identification and Prediction of Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong Wildlife Corridor of Assam, India, Using Geospatial Technology." Journal of Landscape Ecology 7, no. 2 (November 20, 2014): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2014-0015.
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Abstract In the present study, an attempt has been made to discover the impacts of various developmental activities on the Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong wildlife corridor of Assam, India, using geospatial technology; as well as to predict the future status of the wildlife corridor by using the Cellular Automata Markov Model. Due to various anthropogenic activities the condition of the natural corridor has deteriorated, and in recent years many wild animals have been killed by road traffic accidents; in particular, greater one-horned (Indian) rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) are killed indiscriminately by the poachers, having been deviated from their regular routes. Changes were evident during the two decades between 1990 and 2010, when a large number of dense forest areas were converted to open forest, combined with losses of areas of scrub and marshy land. The area under agriculture and plantation crop increased along with the grassland during the decades. It has been found that the forests in Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong corridor are fragmented, and the area within the corridor is shrinking. There is considerable increase in patchiness, proportion of edge, and a perforated reduction of core areas within the corridor. The predicted land use/cover map of Kaziranga-Karbi Anglong corridor shows expansion of agricultural land, as well as plantation areas. It is estimated that only 25.66 percent of the present dense forest and 20.72 percent of open forest will remain by 2030, while areas under agriculture and plantation will increase by 33.91 and 5.33 percent, respectively.
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Sarvade, S., D. S. Gautam, S. Bhalawe, and P. K. Bisen. "An overview of potential multipurpose agroforestry tree species, Syzygium cuminii (L.) Skeels in India." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i3.1028.
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Jamun (Syzygium cuminii L.) Skeels) is evergreen MPTs (Multipurpose Tree species) widely grown in traditional agroforestry systems (agri-silviculture and agri-horticulture) of India, except very dry areas. It produces excellent nutritious fruits, which contains carbohydrates, dietary fibre, fat, protein, vitamins like B1, B2, B3, B6 and C with trace minerals (calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium). The seed and bark is used to control dysentery and hyperglycaemia, and in diabetic patients. Leaves of the Jamun are used in strengthening the teeth and gums, whereas fruits used in relief for colic, stomach-ache and enlarged spleen. It may accelerate work towards food security through extra food production from degraded and waste areas. The species is widely used for reclamation of salt affected soils and waterlogged areas. Their contribution in environmental conservation through biomass production and carbon sequestration processes. It also helps in conserving biodiversity in traditional agroforestry systems and natural forest areas.
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Rahman, Md Sayedur, and Shakila Tul-Kubra. "Economic dimension of India’s foreign policy towards Russia: Late 20th- early 21st century." Contemporary Research: An Interdisciplinary Academic Journal 4, no. 1 (November 8, 2020): 153–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/craiaj.v4i1.32757.
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In the international framework India is finding a larger position for itself. This hope is focused on the belief that India is a prosperous democracy with substantial human and material resources; it is an increasingly strong economic power; it has a proven record as a responsible and law-abiding regime, and as a member of the non-aligned party it has consistently shared the interests of the developing nations. Indian foreign policy makers argue that India wants to re-invent itself at this point of 'take-off' as a great force. India needs new alliance for the proposed new position, including the dominant superpower, the United States of America (US). The US has said it would turn India into a great force. This essay attempts to examine the old pattern of relations with Russia that India had enjoyed. There's an Indo-US triangular alliance taking its place. How is this current type of strategic partnership distinct from that of the Indo Soviet/ Russian alliance? However, both countries' natural desire to strive towards multi polarity in world politics has helped restore the relationship, particularly over the past decade. Remarkably, ties with the US no longer stand in the way of stronger relations between India and Russia. The turbulent security climate marked by what is frequently assumed to be the state-sponsored insurgency invulnerable Asian areas, the war in Afghanistan, and the political turmoil in both Afghanistan and Central Asian countries has paved the way for a strategic alliance between India and Russia.
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Kannan, Balaji, K. P. Ragunath, R. Kumaraperumal, R. Jagadeeswaran, and R. Krishnan. "Mapping of coconut growing areas in Tamil Nadu, India using remote sensing and GIS." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 771–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i2.1272.
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Importance of remotely sensed data for inventorying, mapping, monitoring and for the management and development planning for the optimum utilization of natural resources has been well established. Though, a lot of applications have been attempted using remote sensing tool, mapping of coconut growing areas has not been attempted at a regional level. Hence, this study was envisaged to map the coconut growing areas in Tamil Nadu, India using Survey of India Toposheet grid (1:50,000 scale) and Digital Globe data. The temporal window of these datasets ranged from March 2012 to June 2014. The data sets have a spatial resolution of 41 cm. It has been observed that Coimbatore has largest area under coconut among all districts of Tamil Nadu, followed by Tiruppur, Thanjavur and Dindigul. In terms of percentage of coconut area to the total geographical area of the district, Tiruppur, leads the list, followed by Kanyakumari, Coimbatore and Thanjavur. On comparing the area obtained by this study with the area as per Coconut Development Board using a paired t-test, a p-value of 0.005 was obtained and hence, there is no significant difference between the two. Hence, it can be said that geospatial technologies like remote sensing and geographical information system are the best tools for accurate assessment and spatial data creation for crop mapping and area assessment.
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Sisodia, Pushpendra Singh, Vivekananda Tiwari, and Anil Kumar Dahiya. "Urban Sprawl Monitoring using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques of the City Jaipur, India." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 7, no. 3 (July 2016): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijagr.2016070104.
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The rapid increase in population of India forced people to migrate from rural areas and small towns to metropolitan cities for better employment, education, and, good lifestyle. Major cities of India were industrialized and required more work force in metropolitan cities, leading to uncoordinated and unplanned growth, often termed as urban sprawl. Urban sprawl destroyed the natural resources such as open green space, agricultural land, open water bodies and ground water. In this paper, an attempt has been made to monitor urban sprawl using Shannon's Entropy model, Remote Sensing, and GIS for city Jaipur, India. The changed entropy value during the years 1972–2013 proves more dispersed growth in the city. The built-up area of Jaipur has increased from 40 km2 in 1972 to 400 km2 in 2013. Land use percentage of urban settlement is doubled as compared to the urban population of Jaipur during 1972–2013. This study shows remarkable urban sprawl in fringe areas of Jaipur city in the last 41 years.
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Khare, Arpita. "Consumers’ susceptibility to interpersonal influence as a determining factor of ecologically conscious behaviour." Marketing Intelligence & Planning 32, no. 1 (January 28, 2014): 2–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-04-2013-0062.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine affect of consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence (CSII) and demographics on ecologically conscious consumer behaviour (ECCB). Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected through mall intercept technique in six cities across India. Findings – ECCB and CSII scales were applicable in Indian context. Factor analysis revealed two factors for ECCB scale: ecologically conscious purchase behaviour and green product attitudes. Normative, informative influence of CSII and income were predictors to ecologically conscious purchase behaviour. Normative influence emerged as predictor to green attitudes. Research limitations/implications – The study focuses itself only on CSII factors. It does not examine influence of variables like personal values, risk perception, and personality on ECCB. It does not examine role of consumers’ attitude towards conservation of energy and natural resources. Practical implications – The findings can be of immense use to firms marketing green brands in India. Social group acceptance and conformance is important for Indian consumers; advertising and promotional campaigns should use social groups for marketing green products. Consumer involvement and engagement can be created through social networking web sites. Ecologically concerns should be rewarded in order to encourage consumers to adopt green attitudes. Originality/value – Green marketing and ecologically conscious behaviour are upcoming research areas in India. There is limited research to understand Indian consumers’ concerns about environment. ECCB and CSII scales were used as it was assumed that using scales which have been tested and validated in other cultures would give reliable results.
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Ramachandran, E. N., C. V. Karuppasamy, V. D. Cheriyan, D. C. Soren, Birajalaxmi Das, V. Anilkumar, P. K. M. Koya, and M. Seshadri. "Cytogenetic studies on newborns from high and normal level natural radiation areas of Kerala in southwest coast of India." International Journal of Radiation Biology 89, no. 4 (December 4, 2012): 259–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/09553002.2013.747014.
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