Journal articles: 'Native men – canada – psychology'

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MACKAY, IAN R. A., and JAMES E. FLEGE. "Effects of the age of second language learning on the duration of first and second language sentences: The role of suppression." Applied Psycholinguistics 25, no. 3 (June 2004): 373–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716404001171.

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The primary aim of this study was to account for the finding that late bilinguals produce longer English sentences than early bilinguals. In Experiment 1, Italians who immigrated to Canada either between the age of 2–13 years (“early bilinguals”) or 15–28 years (“late bilinguals”) repeated matched English and Italian sentences following an aural model. The early bilinguals produced shorter English than Italian sentences, whereas the late bilinguals showed the opposite pattern. The same countervailing pattern was evident in Experiment 2, where bilinguals shortened sentences by 20% when instructed to repeat sentences as rapidly as possible. Subgroups of bilinguals who reported using Italian oftenM=46% Italian use) but not seldom (M=8%) were found to have produced significantly longer English sentences than native English (NE) speakers did. The results were interpreted to mean that the late bilinguals produced longer English sentences than the early bilinguals because they needed to expend more resources to suppress their Italian subsystem than the early bilinguals. The perceptual effect of sentence duration was evaluated in Experiment 3, where pairs of English sentences differing in duration were presented to NE-speaking listeners for foreign accent ratings. A 10% shortening caused sentences spoken by late bilinguals to sound less foreign accented but it caused sentences spoken by early bilinguals to sound more foreign accented.

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Swidinsky, Robert, and Michael Swidinsky. "The Relative Earnings of Visible Minorities in Canada." Relations industrielles 57, no. 4 (September 9, 2003): 630–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/006904ar.

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Summary This article presents new evidence on the relative earnings of visible minority immigrant and native-born paid workers in Canada using data from the 1996 Census. Our findings show that labour market disadvantages associated with visible minority status are largely confined to immigrant men. The earnings deficits imputed to minority native-born men and immigrant women are fairly modest, and it appears that native-born women are paid a premium. Among immigrant men, labour market disadvantages are apparent primarily among those who were older when they arrived in Canada. There is some evidence that foreign work experience is relatively undervalued, but there is little evidence that immigrants receive lower compensation for foreign-based schooling. Finally, our analysis of individual ethnic minority groups reveals that Black men are most profoundly affected by labour market discrimination: The earnings deficit they must contend with is both significant and inter-generationally persistent.

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Spence, John R., and D. Hughes Spence. "OF GROUND-BEETLES AND MEN: INTRODUCED SPECIES AND THE SYNANTHROPIC FAUNA OF WESTERN CANADA." Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 120, S144 (1988): 151–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/entm120144151-1.

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AbstractAssemblages of carabid beetles occurring in anthropogenic habitats in western Canada include native and introduced species. In this study, about 70% of the native species encountered in anthropogenic habitats have their main centres of abundance in native grassland. Twenty species known from British Columbia are of recent European origin. These species were probably introduced in ballast carried by commercial sailing vessels or in shipments of nursery stock. The species that have successfully colonized western Canada cannot be distinguished from a random sample of the estimated source fauna with respect to either taxonomic distribution or body size. However, all introduced species are characteristic of disturbed and/or anthropogenic habitats in Great Britain and are strictly synanthropic in British Columbia. Where they occurred, introduced species were usually numerically dominant members of anthropogenic assemblages. Both flight and human-assisted transport must be invoked to explain the patterns of range expansion observed for introduced species. Although the presence of introduced species was correlated with reduced diversity of native species, the carabid fauna of western Canada has been generally enriched because only one native species is strictly synanthropic.

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Twomey, June Creina, and Robert Meadus. "Men Nurses in Atlantic Canada." Journal of Men’s Studies 24, no. 1 (January 11, 2016): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060826515624414.

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McDonald, James Ted, and Christopher Worswick. "The Earnings of Immigrant Men in Canada: Job Tenure, Cohort, and Macroeconomic Conditions." ILR Review 51, no. 3 (April 1998): 465–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979399805100306.

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Using eleven cross-sectional surveys spanning 1981–92, the authors compare the earnings of immigrant and native-born men in Canada. Apparently, recent immigrant cohorts have suffered no decline in earnings. Job tenure is found to be a strongly significant determinant of earnings; previous estimates of immigrant earnings differentials, which have not incorporated job tenure information, may partly reflect differences in tenure between immigrants and the native-born. When the sample is restricted to pairs of surveys that are close to the Census survey years, the estimates of cohort effects are sensitive to the choice of survey years. One possible explanation for that sensitivity is suggested by the finding that macroeconomic conditions are a statistically significant determinant of the rate of assimilation of recent immigrants.

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Stevenson, Michael D. "The Mobilisation of Native Canadians During the Second World War." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 7, no. 1 (February 9, 2006): 205–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/031108ar.

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Abstract Historians have paid scant attention to the compulsory conscription of men under the National Resources Mobilisation Act (NRMA) in Canada during the Second World War. This paper uses the mobilisation of Native Canadians as a case-study to determine the depth and extent of human resource mobilisation policies between 1940 and 1945. Government mobilisation departments and agencies relied on a remarkably decentralised and permissive administrative structure to carry out the NRMA mobilisation mandate. These organizational traits were exacerbated by active Native Canadian opposition to conscription and other factors, such as the geographic isolation and poor health of many Native men. As a result, a patchwork of disparate, inconsistent and ineffectual mobilisation policies affecting Canadian Indians was adopted during the course of the war.

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TROVATO, FRANK, and DAVID ODYNAK. "SEX DIFFERENCES IN LIFE EXPECTANCY IN CANADA: IMMIGRANT AND NATIVE-BORN POPULATIONS." Journal of Biosocial Science 43, no. 3 (January 31, 2011): 353–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932011000010.

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SummaryA growing body of research often indicates that immigrant populations in Western countries enjoy a lower level of mortality in relation to their native-born host populations. In this literature, sex differences in mortality are often reported but substantive analyses of the differences are generally lacking. The present investigation looks at sex differences in life expectancy with specific reference to immigrant and Canadian-born populations in Canada during 1971 and 2001. For these two populations, sex differences in expectation of life at birth are decomposed into cause-of-death components. Immigrants in Canada have a higher life expectancy than their Canadian-born counterparts. In absolute terms, immigrant females enjoy the highest life expectancy. Inrelativeterms, however, immigrant men show a larger longevity advantage, as their expectation of life at birth exceeds that of Canadian-born men by a wider margin than do foreign-born females in relation to Canadian-born females. It is also found that immigrants have a smaller sex differential in life expectancy as compared with the Canadian born. Decomposition analysis shows this is a function of immigrants having smaller sex differences in death rates from heart disease and cancer. Factors thought to underlie these differentials between immigrants and the Canadian born are discussed and suggestions for further research are given.

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Young, Thomas J., and Laurence French. "STATUS INTEGRATION AND SUICIDE AMONG NATIVE AMERICAN WOMEN." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 23, no. 2 (January 1, 1995): 155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1995.23.2.155.

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The present study sought cross-cultural replication of studies reporting positive correlations for the percent of women in the labor force and suicide rates for men, supporting status integration theory. Contrary to expectations, data from the U.S. Indian Health Service areas yielded a significant, positive Pearson correlation coefficient for women but a nonsignificant correlation for men. Implications for cross-cultural research on status integration and suicide are discussed.

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Braimah, Joseph A., Emmanuel Kyeremeh, Eugena Kwon, Roger Antabe, Yujiro Sano, and Bradley P. Stoner. "Immigrants’ Length of Residence and Stalking Victimization in Canada: A Gendered Analysis." Sexes 3, no. 1 (March 17, 2022): 219–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sexes3010017.

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Although previous studies have explored the role of gender on stalking victimization, we know very little about how female and male immigrants are exposed to stalking victimization over time after their arrival to their host society. To address this void in the literature, we use the 2014 Canada General Social Survey to compare stalking victimization among native-born individuals, recent immigrants (those who have been in Canada for fewer than 10 years), and established immigrants (those who have been in Canada for 10 years or more) separately for women and men. Applying gender-specific complementary log-log models, we find that female (OR = 0.63, p < 0.05) and male (OR = 0.46, p < 0.01) recent immigrants are less likely to experience stalking victimization than their native-born counterparts. We also find that female established immigrants (OR = 0.65, p < 0.05) are less likely to experience stalking victimization than their native-born counterparts although there is no significance difference for male established immigrants (OR = 1.01, p > 0.05). Overall, this study points to the importance of understanding the intersection between immigrants’ length of residence and gender in the context of stalking victimization in Canada. Based on these findings, we discuss several implications for policymakers and directions for future research.

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BUCHIGNANI, NORMAN, and CHRISTOPHER ARMSTRONG-ESTHER. "Informal care and older Native Canadians." Ageing and Society 19, no. 1 (January 1999): 3–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x99007254.

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The number and relative proportion of older Native people in Canada are both increasing rapidly. So also is a social problems discourse asserting that informal care of older Native people by family and kin is traditional, and highly appropriate today. However, neither this discourse nor previous research satisfactorily address the informal care requirements of older Native people nor the gendered implications that high levels of informal care provision may have for Native caregivers. Informal care is provided to Canada's non-Native elderly people primarily by resident wives and non-resident daughters, and secondarily by husbands and sons. Data from the pan-provincial Alberta Native Seniors Study demonstrate that Native people aged 50 or more have comparatively high overall care requirements. Older Native Albertans are poor, and make extensive use of some government income support programmes. They also make moderate use of medical services. Extensive dependence on informal care, institutional barriers and local service unavailability lead Native seniors to under-utilise other formal programmes aimed generically at the older provincial population. Native seniors are much more likely to live with kin than are other Canadians. Informal care appears equally available to older women and men, and is provided chiefly by resident daughters, sons and spouses, and by non-resident daughters, sisters and sons. Extensive elderly caregiving requirements may impose a growing, double burden on many, who are also providing care for dependent children. Without further support, current and future requirements may significantly limit the options of caregiving women and men.

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Venn, Jonathan. "MMPI Profiles of Native-, Mexican-, and Caucasian-American Male Alcoholics." Psychological Reports 62, no. 2 (April 1988): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1988.62.2.427.

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Sixteen Native-American and 16 Mexican-American men were matched with Caucasian-American men on the basis of age and marital status. All subjects took the MMPI during inpatient rehabilitation for alcoholism. The present findings support earlier observations that (a) the 2–4 code type is a normative group profile among alcoholics, (b) Mexican Americans tend to score higher than Caucasians on Scale L, and (c) significant differences between ethnic groups tend not to appear when the samples are matched for relevant variables like age and marital status.

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Munro, Murray J., James Emil Flege, and Ian R. A. Mackay. "The effects of age of second language learning on the production of English vowels." Applied Psycholinguistics 17, no. 3 (July 1996): 313–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400007967.

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ABSTRACTThis study examined the English vowel productions of 240 native speakers of Italian who had arrived in Canada at ages ranging from 2 to 23 years and 24 native English speakers from the same community. The productions of 11 vowels were rated for degree of foreign accent by 10 listeners. An increase in perceived accentedness as a function of increasing age of arrival was observed on every vowel. Not one of the vowels was observed to be produced in a consistently native-like manner by the latest-arriving learners, even though they had been living in Canada for an average of 32 years. However, high intelligibility (percent correct identification) scores were obtained for the same set of productions. This was true even for English vowels that have no counterpart in Italian.

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Morgan, Cecilia. "Creating Interracial Intimacies: British North America, Canada, and the Transatlantic World, 1830–1914." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 19, no. 2 (July 23, 2009): 76–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/037749ar.

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Abstract This article explores the domestic relationships of a number of interracial couples: Kahkewaquonaby/Peter Jones and Eliza Field; Nahnebahwequa/ Catherine Sutton and William Sutton; Kahgegagahbowh/George Copway and Elizabeth Howell; and John Ojijatekah Brant-Sero, Mary McGrath, and Frances Kirby. These unions took place within the context of and, in a number of instances, because of Native peoples’ movements across a multiple boundaries and borders within British North America, Canada, and Britain. Based in both Canadian Native historiography and work in colonial and imperial history, particularly that which focuses on gender, this article argues that international networks, such as nineteenth-century evangelicalism, the missionary movement, and circuits of performance, shaped such unions and played a central, constitutive role in bringing these individuals together. However, the article also points to the importance of exploring such large-scale processes at the biographic and individual level. It points to the different outcomes and dynamics of these relationships and argues that no one category or mode of scholarly explanation can account for these couples’ fates. The article also points to multiple and varied combinations of gender, class, and race in these relationships. It thus offers another dimension to the historiography on Native-white intimate relationships in North America which, to date, has focused mostly on relationships between white men and Native or mixed-race/Métis women. The article concludes by considering how these relationships complicate our understanding of commonly used concepts in imperial history, specifically those of domesticity and home.

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Rubinstein, Sergei. "The principle of creative self-activity." Psihologìâ ì suspìlʹstvo 84, no. 2 (November 15, 2021): 97–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/pis2021.02.097.

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The article reveals the main milestones of the 90-year life and scientific work of Petro Petrovich Kononenko - Doctor of Philology, Professor, prominent Ukrainian scholar, literary critic, writer and playwright, initiator of the Ukrainian National Lyceum, founder and director of the National Research Institute of Ukraine. The often mentioned village of Markivtsi, Bobrovytsia district, Chernihiv region, where P. Kononenko was born on May 31, 1931, is the cradle, the first sounds, the first words of the Ukrainian language, and the first knowledge of Ukraine in native people - all for the first time and all native. Milestones in life are graduating from high school in his native village, Faculty of Philology of Taras Shevchenko Kyiv State University, obtaining the degrees of candidate, doctor of philology, academic titles of associate professor and professor, work as head of the Department of History of Ukrainian Literature, dean of the Faculty of Philology. Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies. Researchers of his work M. Velychko and M. Slavynsky define the creative mission and works of PP Kononenko as follows: poet, prose writer, playwright, literary critic and literary critic, whose works have been translated into English, Bulgarian, Spanish, German, Polish, Croatian, Georgian. Tatar and other languages. Author of almost 1000 scientific publications and 50 monographs, including: “In Search of the Essence”, “Village in Ukrainian Literature”, “Ukrainian Literature: Problems of Development”, textbook for higher education institutions “Ukrainian Studies”, “Love Your Ukraine…”, “ Mykhailo Hrushevsky ”,“ The Phenomenon of the Ukrainian Language ”,“ Ukrainian Ethnos: Genesis and Perspectives ”,“ National Idea, Nation, Nationalism ”,“ We ??Have One Ukraine ”(books I, II, III) - co-authored with Taras Kononenko, “Ukrainian land and people in world civilization and culture” (books I, II), “Ukrainians in world civilization and culture. The historical phenomenon of Stepan Bandera “. The works of the recognized master of the word include the tragedy “Mary on Calvary”, selected “Voices in the Desert”, a collection of poems “Sunny Phoenix”. On the eve of P. Kononenko’s 90th birthday, his large-format four-volume memoir and reflections “One Hundred Years - One Hundred Roads… Ukraine and Ukrainian Studies: Origin - Executions - Resurrection” were published. In addressing the readers of the four-volume book, the content of which is reviewed in the article, P. Kononenko calls his work a reflection on Ukraine and the science of Ukrainian studies in intellectual, mental, experiential and mental perception, and thus interpretation, predictability and planning of the future. The personal perception of Ukraine by the author of the four-volume book, world Ukrainians, Ukrainian studies, the fate of Ukraine as the fate of everyone, its role and mission in intellectual-logical and emotional-emotional phenomenality, interdependence of historical and psychological perspectives, philosophical-ideological and psychological-cultural assessment and opportunities for human progress. Among the real characters of the four-volume book, the article reveals the psychology of “residents of profit and career, adapters”, who grew in the tragic circumstances of foreign colonization of Ukraine, the beginning in January 1972 in Kiev and other cities of Ukraine mass arrests of Ukrainian KGB poets, artists, students, to whom P. Kononenko is almost the first among other authors. The origin of the idea and foundation of the Institute of Ukrainian Studies, an example of which was created by Omelyan Prytsak for the preservation and development of Ukrainian cultural heritage “Institute of Ukrainian Studies” at Harvard University, “School Board” in the US and Canada, which manages schools of Ukrainian studies, development of the Center 1988 at the Faculty of Philology of the Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, and with it the Institute of Ukrainian Studies and its state status. The chronology of the transformation of this scientific institution into the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies in the sphere of management of the Ministry of Education and Science and the transfer of the building at 18 Isaakyana Street in Kyiv for its placement are given. The reasons for counteracting the institutional development of Ukrainian studies in modern Ukraine, which still preserves the Soviet system of organization of communist-style science, further strengthened by its communist and post-communist functionaries, are analyzed. P. Kononenko’s reasoning that the phenomenon of synthesis of Ukrainian studies should be anthropology, and the generator of knowledge - the Institute of Man. The conclusions consider the achievements of the future, which include the causal conditionality of Ukrainian authenticity at each stage of the favorable historical development of the Ukrainian nation, determined by the functioning of statehood in the exercise of its protective function.

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Boltivets, Sergii. "The authenticity of Ukrainian studies in the scientific work of Petro Kononenko." Psihologìâ ì suspìlʹstvo 84, no. 2 (November 15, 2021): 78–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/pis2021.02.078.

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The article reveals the main milestones of the 90-year life and scientific work of Petro Petrovich Kononenko - Doctor of Philology, Professor, prominent Ukrainian scholar, literary critic, writer and playwright, initiator of the Ukrainian National Lyceum, founder and director of the National Research Institute of Ukraine. The often mentioned village of Markivtsi, Bobrovytsia district, Chernihiv region, where P. Kononenko was born on May 31, 1931, is the cradle, the first sounds, the first words of the Ukrainian language, and the first knowledge of Ukraine in native people - all for the first time and all native. Milestones in life are graduating from high school in his native village, Faculty of Philology of Taras Shevchenko Kyiv State University, obtaining the degrees of candidate, doctor of philology, academic titles of associate professor and professor, work as head of the Department of History of Ukrainian Literature, dean of the Faculty of Philology. Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies. Researchers of his work M. Velychko and M. Slavynsky define the creative mission and works of PP Kononenko as follows: poet, prose writer, playwright, literary critic and literary critic, whose works have been translated into English, Bulgarian, Spanish, German, Polish, Croatian, Georgian. Tatar and other languages. Author of almost 1000 scientific publications and 50 monographs, including: “In Search of the Essence”, “Village in Ukrainian Literature”, “Ukrainian Literature: Problems of Development”, textbook for higher education institutions “Ukrainian Studies”, “Love Your Ukraine…”, “ Mykhailo Hrushevsky ”,“ The Phenomenon of the Ukrainian Language ”,“ Ukrainian Ethnos: Genesis and Perspectives ”,“ National Idea, Nation, Nationalism ”,“ We ??Have One Ukraine ”(books I, II, III) - co-authored with Taras Kononenko, “Ukrainian land and people in world civilization and culture” (books I, II), “Ukrainians in world civilization and culture. The historical phenomenon of Stepan Bandera “. The works of the recognized master of the word include the tragedy “Mary on Calvary”, selected “Voices in the Desert”, a collection of poems “Sunny Phoenix”. On the eve of P. Kononenko’s 90th birthday, his large-format four-volume memoir and reflections “One Hundred Years - One Hundred Roads… Ukraine and Ukrainian Studies: Origin - Executions - Resurrection” were published. In addressing the readers of the four-volume book, the content of which is reviewed in the article, P. Kononenko calls his work a reflection on Ukraine and the science of Ukrainian studies in intellectual, mental, experiential and mental perception, and thus interpretation, predictability and planning of the future. The personal perception of Ukraine by the author of the four-volume book, world Ukrainians, Ukrainian studies, the fate of Ukraine as the fate of everyone, its role and mission in intellectual-logical and emotional-emotional phenomenality, interdependence of historical and psychological perspectives, philosophical-ideological and psychological-cultural assessment and opportunities for human progress. Among the real characters of the four-volume book, the article reveals the psychology of “residents of profit and career, adapters”, who grew in the tragic circumstances of foreign colonization of Ukraine, the beginning in January 1972 in Kiev and other cities of Ukraine mass arrests of Ukrainian KGB poets, artists, students, to whom P. Kononenko is almost the first among other authors. The origin of the idea and foundation of the Institute of Ukrainian Studies, an example of which was created by Omelyan Prytsak for the preservation and development of Ukrainian cultural heritage “Institute of Ukrainian Studies” at Harvard University, “School Board” in the US and Canada, which manages schools of Ukrainian studies, development of the Center 1988 at the Faculty of Philology of the Taras Shevchenko University of Kyiv, and with it the Institute of Ukrainian Studies and its state status. The chronology of the transformation of this scientific institution into the Research Institute of Ukrainian Studies in the sphere of management of the Ministry of Education and Science and the transfer of the building at 18 Isaakyana Street in Kyiv for its placement are given. The reasons for counteracting the institutional development of Ukrainian studies in modern Ukraine, which still preserves the Soviet system of organization of communist-style science, further strengthened by its communist and post-communist functionaries, are analyzed. P. Kononenko’s reasoning that the phenomenon of synthesis of Ukrainian studies should be anthropology, and the generator of knowledge - the Institute of Man. The conclusions consider the achievements of the future, which include the causal conditionality of Ukrainian authenticity at each stage of the favorable historical development of the Ukrainian nation, determined by the functioning of statehood in the exercise of its protective function.

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Huber, Jonathan D., and Peggy J. Kleinplatz. "Sexual Orientation Identification of Men who Have Sex with Men in Public Settings in Canada." Journal of Homosexuality 42, no. 3 (April 30, 2002): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j082v42n03_01.

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Grandbois, G. H., and David Schadt. "Indian Identification and Alienation in an Urban Community." Psychological Reports 74, no. 1 (February 1994): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.74.1.211.

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Studies of alienation among Native Americans have been few. Reliance on sociological and psychological themes is commonplace in explaining Native Americans' alienation. This project was designed to explore the relationship between alienation and Native Americans' identification (26 men, 27 women) in an urban setting. Analysis generated correlations for scores on alienation with age, years of schooling, years of living in the city, percentage of Indian blood, self-rating of Indian identity, and Indian pride which were affected by gender.

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Naidoo, Josephine C. "Th e Men tal Health of Visible Ethnic Minorities in Canada." Psychology and Developing Societies 4, no. 2 (September 1992): 165–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097133369200400205.

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Banerjee, Rupa, Anil Verma, and Tingting Zhang. "Brain Gain or Brain Waste? Horizontal, Vertical, and Full Job-Education Mismatch and Wage Progression among Skilled Immigrant Men in Canada." International Migration Review 53, no. 3 (June 11, 2018): 646–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0197918318774501.

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This study examines the incidence and wage effects of vertical, horizontal, and full job-education mismatch for high skilled immigrant and native-born men over a six-year period, using a Canadian longitudinal dataset. Immigrants (particularly racial minorities immigrants) are more likely to be fully mismatched than white native-born Canadians. Full mismatch lowers initial wages, especially for racial minority immigrants. Full mismatch accelerates immigrants' wage growth slightly over time, but this is not enough to narrow the immigrant wage gap over the six-year survey period. The results highlight the importance of disaggregating the different types of job-education mismatch experienced by immigrants.

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Montazer, Shirin. "Immigration, Visible-Minority Status, Gender, and Depression." Society and Mental Health 10, no. 3 (June 19, 2019): 218–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156869319856930.

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This study examines if the association between length of residence and mental health—as measured by depression—of immigrants post-arrival in the host country is altered by visible-minority status and gender among a sample of immigrants to Toronto, Canada, as compared to the native-born. The analytic sample excluded refugees. Of the 1,911 adults included, 23 percent were foreign-born. Adjusted multivariate results indicate a significant and positive association between depression and length of residence in the host country—but only among visible-minority immigrant men as compared to Canadian-born men. The positive association between depression and length of residence among visible-minority immigrant men is found to be due to a parallel rise in perceived discrimination and the experience of anger with tenure in the host country.

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Suire, Alexandre, Arnaud Tognetti, Valérie Durand, Michel Raymond, and Melissa Barkat-Defradas. "Speech Acoustic Features: A Comparison of Gay Men, Heterosexual Men, and Heterosexual Women." Archives of Sexual Behavior 49, no. 7 (March 31, 2020): 2575–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-020-01665-3.

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Abstract Potential differences between homosexual and heterosexual men have been studied on a diverse set of social and biological traits. Regarding acoustic features of speech, researchers have hypothesized a feminization of such characteristics in homosexual men, but previous investigations have so far produced mixed results. Moreover, most studies have been conducted with English-speaking populations, which calls for further cross-linguistic examinations. Lastly, no studies investigated so far the potential role of testosterone in the association between sexual orientation and speech acoustic features. To fill these gaps, we explored potential differences in acoustic features of speech between homosexual and heterosexual native French men and investigated whether the former showed a trend toward feminization by comparing theirs to that of heterosexual native French women. Lastly, we examined whether testosterone levels mediated the association between speech acoustic features and sexual orientation. We studied four sexually dimorphic acoustic features relevant for the qualification of feminine versus masculine voices: the fundamental frequency, its modulation, and two understudied acoustic features of speech, the harmonics-to-noise ratio (a proxy of vocal breathiness) and the jitter (a proxy of vocal roughness). Results showed that homosexual men displayed significantly higher pitch modulation patterns and less breathy voices compared to heterosexual men, with values shifted toward those of heterosexual women. Lastly, testosterone levels did not influence any of the investigated acoustic features. Combined with the literature conducted in other languages, our findings bring new support for the feminization hypothesis and suggest that the feminization of some acoustic features could be shared across languages.

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Kosakowska-Berezecka, Natasza, Saba Safdar, Paweł Jurek, and Gopa Bhardwaj. "Evaluations of Men in Domestic Roles in Canada, Norway, Poland, and India." Journal of Men’s Studies 26, no. 2 (October 11, 2017): 143–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1060826517734379.

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When a man decides to take a parental leave and become a “stay-at-home dad,” by focusing on domestic duties and parenting, he may risk penalization of stereotype-disconfirming behaviors. However, the degree at which men are allowed to violate gender norms varies from country to country. Our study sought to analyze cross-country differences in perception of men who resign from their professional career and focus on domestic duties. Canadian ( N = 120), Norwegian ( N = 97), Polish ( N = 103), and Indian ( N = 109) students were asked to evaluate agency and communality of men and women in domestic roles. The obtained results indicate that in Canada and Norway, men and women in domestic roles were judged similarly, whereas Polish and Indian students favored women over men in domestic roles, thus implying that domestic roles are perceived through the lens of gender stereotypes in these two countries.

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Pfeifer, Jeffrey E., and James R. P. Ogloff. "MOCK JUROR RATINGS OF GUILT IN CANADA: MODERN RACISM AND ETHNIC HERITAGE." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 31, no. 3 (January 1, 2003): 301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2003.31.3.301.

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This research investigated whether the prejudicial attitudes of mock jurors in Canada produce criminal sanction disparities similar to those reported by research in the United States. In order to investigate this hypothesis, English Canadian participants read a transcript of a sexual assault trial that varied the ethnic background of both the victim and the defendant (i.e., English, French or Native Canadian). Participants were then asked to rate the guilt of the defendant in two ways: (1) on a 7-point bipolar scale in accordance with their personal beliefs (i.e., Subjective Guilt Rating), and (2) on a dichotomous scale (guilty/not guilty) in accor- dance with judicial instructions (i.e., Legal Standard Guilt Rating). Participants were also asked to rate the victim and defendant on a number of personality traits. Results indicate that participants asked to rate the degree of guilt of the defendant according to the Subjective Guilt Rating found him more guilty if he was French, or Native Canadian as opposed to English Canadian. These prejudicial ratings, however, dissipated when participants were asked to rate the guilt of the defendant according to the Legal Standard Guilt Rating that included jury instructions. This apparent paradox in results is discussed in terms of modern racism theory.

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Shahim, Sima. "Psychometric Characteristics of the Iranian Acculturation Scale." Psychological Reports 101, no. 1 (August 2007): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.101.1.55-60.

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The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable and valid scale to measure acculturation of Iranian immigrants in Canada. The 20-item Iranian Acculturation Scale showed Cronbach alpha of .83. Item-total correlations ranged from .25 to .65. Four factors were extracted, based on responses from 119 Iranian immigrants (43 men and 76 women) living in Toronto. The scale tapped different acculturation dimensions, cultural identity, language, family-related attitude and family-related values. The longer these Iranian immigrants had lived in Canada, and the earlier the age of moving to Canada the better acculturation suggested by their scores.

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Young, Thomas J. "LOCUS OF CONTROL AND SELF-REPORTED PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AMONG NATIVE AMERICANS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 20, no. 4 (January 1, 1992): 235–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1992.20.4.235.

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For 53 Native American college students positive, moderate Pearson correlation coefficients were found for scores from the Nowicki-Strickland Internal Locus of Control Scale and the Anxiety and Depression subscales and the Global Severity Index from the Brief Symptom Inventory. These findings, in contrast to previous research with black college men, suggest a relationship between locus of control and self-reported psychopathology for a sample of nonwhite subjects.

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Scheim, Ayden, Rod Knight, Hennady Shulha, Ekaterina Nosova, Kanna Hayashi, M. J. Milloy, Thomas Kerr, and Kora DeBeck. "Characterizing Men Who Have Sex with Men and Use Injection Drugs in Vancouver, Canada." AIDS and Behavior 23, no. 12 (July 20, 2019): 3324–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-019-02605-6.

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Young, Thomas J. "Suicide and Homicide among Native Americans: Anomie Or Social Learning?" Psychological Reports 68, no. 3_suppl (June 1991): 1137–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1991.68.3c.1137.

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Analysis of data for 12 areas of the Indian Health Services from the US Department of Health and Human Services yielded a rho of .61 between poverty and suicide for men and a significant rho of .65 for poverty with homicide rates. The Navajo area is an exception, raising for study questions about social disintegration. For the women, poverty was not significantly related to suicide or homicide rates, raising additional questions about social disintegration.

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Champagne, Duane. "Native-Directed Social Change in Canada and the United States." American Behavioral Scientist 50, no. 4 (December 2006): 428–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764206294050.

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Tao, Peng, Dong Guoying, and Stuart Brody. "Preliminary Study of a Chinese Language Short Form of the Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale." Psychological Reports 105, no. 3_suppl (December 2009): 1039–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.105.f.1039-1046.

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To evaluate the internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity of a Chinese language short form (14-item) of the Marlowe–Crowne Social Desirability Scale, data from 197 Chinese medical students were analyzed. Half (48 men, M age = 23.0 yr.; 51 women, M age = 22.0 yr.) were randomly assigned to receive standard instructions, and half (46 men, M age = 21.7 yr.; 52 women, M age = 21.5 yr.) were given mock job-selection instructions. The later had a higher mean Social Desirability score, which demonstrates discriminant validity. Split-half reliability was .71. Five factors were identified, but confirmatory factor analysis indicated adequate fit with a 1- or 2-factor model. Despite the challenge of translation into Chinese (in this case, involving translation into Mandarin and back-translation by native speakers for examination by a native speaker of English), this short form appears to have adequate internal consistency reliability and discriminant validity.

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Crane, Sara. "Jung and the Native American Moon Cycles: Rhythms of influence." Ata: Journal of Psychotherapy Aotearoa New Zealand 9, no. 1 (August 30, 2003): 110–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9791/ajpanz.2003.13.

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Michael Owen is a Jungian psychotherapist who began his life and work in Canada and now practices in New Zealand. The inspiration for this book came primarily from the author's experience with the wisdom of the Peoples of Turtle Island (North, South and Central America). He proposes that these traditions and those of analytical psychology balance and enhance each other.

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Majerski, Maria M. "The Earnings of Immigrant and Native-Born Men in Canada: The Role of Social Networks and Social Capital." Sociological Quarterly 60, no. 2 (October 30, 2018): 314–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00380253.2018.1526054.

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Glass, Melinda H., Stephen L. Bieber, and Marilyn J. Tkachuk. "Personality Styles and Dynamics of Alaska Native and Nonnative Incarcerated Men." Journal of Personality Assessment 66, no. 3 (June 1996): 583–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa6603_8.

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Campbell, Robert L., Lawrence W. Svenson, and George K. Jarvis. "Perceived Level of Stress among University Undergraduate Students in Edmonton, Canada." Perceptual and Motor Skills 75, no. 2 (October 1992): 552–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1992.75.2.552.

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A sample of 457 (177 men, 280 women) undergraduate students were surveyed regarding perceived level of stress. Women were more likely than men to report an unacceptable stress level. To reduce stress, women were more likely to indicate a need to limit commitments, exercise, and worry less. Reasons for not reducing stress were lack of time and lack of self-discipline, both of which were reported significantly more often by women. The present data suggest health education interventions are needed to assist students in coping with the stress they experience.

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Hendrie, Hugh C., Olusegun Baiyewu, Denise Eldemire, and Carol Prince. "Caribbean, Native American, and Yoruba." International Psychogeriatrics 8, S3 (May 1997): 483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610297003906.

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Studying behavioral disturbances of dementia across cultures allows us to identify commonalities and differences that may be useful in determining the best approach to managing these problems. However, what we tend to find in cross-cultural studies is that the best approach may not be the same approach, given the different prevalence of and levels of tolerance for various behavioral problems. These differences are apparent in the authors' studies of four populations—Jamaicans in Kingston; Cree in Northern Manitoba, Canada; Yoruba in Ibadan, Nigeria; and African Americans in the United States. The Jamaicans in this study live in a poor suburb of Kingston, the Cree live in two fairly small, isolated communities in Northern Manitoba, and the Yoruba live in Ibadan, a city of more than 1 million people. The Yoruba community the authors are studying, although concentrated in the city center, functions much like a village. The African-American population resides in Indianapolis, Indiana, a moderately sized city of approximately 1 million people.

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George, Clemon, Lydia Makoroka, Winston Husbands, Barry D. Adam, Robert Remis, Sean Rourke, and Stanley Read. "Sexual health determinants in black men-who-have-sex-with-men living in Toronto, Canada." Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care 6, no. 4 (November 29, 2013): 151–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eihsc-10-2013-0034.

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Ng, Victor, Timothy J. Rush, Meizi He, and Jennifer D. Irwin. "Activity and Obesity of Colombian Immigrants in Canada Who Use a Food Bank." Perceptual and Motor Skills 105, no. 2 (October 2007): 681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.105.2.681-687.

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The purpose of this study was to provide some preliminary description of the Latin-Canadian community by reporting the socioeconomic status, physical activity, and weight status (i.e., healthy weight, overweight, or obese status) of Colombians newly immigrated to London, Ontario Canada. Face-to-face interviews were conducted on a convenience sample of 77 adult Colombian immigrant food bank users (46.8% men; mean age 39.9 yr., SD = 11.8). Physical activity was gauged using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and self-report Body Mass Index, and sociodemographic data were collected. Of respondents, 47% had a university education, and 97% received social support. 61% met recommended levels of physical activity. Men were more active, being involved in about 130 min. more of exercise per week, and more men were overweight than women (63.9% versus 39.0%, respectively). Of respondents, 73% reported being less active than before coming to Canada. This pilot study indicates that Latin-Canadian immigrants are a vulnerable group in need of acculturational support. Further study is warranted.

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Smith, Jessica, Katherine Cianflone, Maha Al-Amri, and Allan Sniderman. "Body composition and the apoB/apoA-I ratio in migrant Asian Indians and white Caucasians in Canada." Clinical Science 111, no. 3 (August 15, 2006): 201–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs20060045.

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Migrant and native South Asians appear to be at increased risk of Type II diabetes mellitus and coronary disease. The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between the most accurate summary index of the lipoprotein-related risk of vascular disease, the apoB (apolipoprotein B-100)/apoA-I (apolipoprotein A-I) ratio, and body composition in established migrant South Asians and white Caucasians living in Canada. Men and women living in Montreal, Canada between the ages of 20–60 years were recruited for participation in the study. Subjects were excluded if they had a history of cardiovascular disease or were taking lipid-lowering medication. Individuals identified themselves as Asian Indian or Caucasian. Anthropometric measurements were collected, including weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference and body fat percentage. Plasma samples were analysed for total cholesterol, HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol), apoA-I and apoB. Indian subjects had a substantially higher WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) than Caucasian subjects [men, 0.93±0.01 compared with 0.86±0.01 respectively (P<0.001); women, 0.88±0.01 compared with 0.77±0.01 respectively (P<0.0001)]. WHR correlated strongly with body fat percentage in Caucasians (men, r=0.63, P=0.0002; women, r=0.74, P<0.0001). By contrast, there was no correlation in Indians (men, r=0.22, P value not significant; women, r=0.23, P value not significant). In addition, Indian men and women had a higher apoB/A-I ratio than Caucasians [men, 0.85±0.04 compared with 0.66±0.04 respectively (P=0.001); women, 0.73±0.04 compared with 0.56±0.03 respectively (P=0.0003)]. Of interest, there were also significant correlations between the apoB/apoA-I ratio and WHR in all of the groups, except the Indian women, which were stronger than the correlation of the apoB/apoA-I ratio with BMI. On the other hand, there was no significant relationship between the apoB/apoA-I ratio and the body fat percentage in any of the groups. In conclusion, the present study confirms that, as body fat percentage increases, the distribution of body fat differs between migrant Indians and Caucasians living in Canada. It also relates differences in body fat distribution to differences in the apoB/apoA-I ratio, providing at least part of the answer as to why South Asians may be at increased risk of vascular disease.

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Yang, Mu-Jang. "Reversibility of Reversible Chinese Words." Perceptual and Motor Skills 87, no. 2 (October 1998): 656–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1998.87.2.656.

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Reversible Chinese words are words which can be read either from left to right or vice versa. The reversibility of reversible two-character Chinese words for 101 women and 73 men, native speakers of Chinese, was estimated.

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39

Ajitha Sekhar, Dr C. P. "PLIGHT OF NATIVE ABORGINES IN NORTH AMERICA." International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology 7, no. 4 (August 1, 2022): 189–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33564/ijeast.2022.v07i04.030.

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The progress of indigenous women is very important for poverty abolition, attainment of justifiable development and the fight against gender-based violence. Unfortunately, gender discrimination and violence on women is a common problem in every part of the world. In spite of the various developments in all walks of life, cruelty on women is a continuing grief. Destructions of their cultural rights tend to create spiritual violence against aboriginal women. While the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples drew special consideration to the requirements and mainly, constitutional rights of indigenous women are called for action to defend them from violence. In spite of, more than one in three aboriginal women are assaulted during their lifetime. Lee Maracle, a world-renowned Native woman writer of Canada, had authored innumerable critically acclaimed literary works which brings out the tribulations faced by the Canadian native women. In her writings, she addresses issues concerning aboriginal women of North America. Through her writings she attempts to achieve liberation of women from the age-old power and tyranny by men. In her biography I Am Woman, she focuses on male- domination and Native women’s subjugation. They lose their individuality and identity and protest for their colour and voices of the people. There is a social prejudice between the Canadian natives and white people. Maracle emphases the Canadian aboriginal legitimacy. She says about the final journey of Native people which ends with liberation. She is one among the Natives whois brutally attacked by the intruders. Maracle concludes the Indigenous People need to rejoice their past because in doing so, it helps to raise their cultures. Celebrating their history stimulates selfimportance in being Indigenous.

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40

Schmid Mast, Marianne, Denise Frauendorfer, and Laurence Popovic. "Self-Promoting and Modest Job Applicants in Different Cultures." Journal of Personnel Psychology 10, no. 2 (January 2011): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000034.

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The goal of this study was to investigate the influence of the recruiter’s cultural background on the evaluation of a job applicant’s presentation style (self-promoting or modest) in an interview situation. We expected that recruiters from cultures that value self-promotion (e.g., Canada) will be more inclined to hire self-promoting as compared to modest applicants and that recruiters from cultures that value modesty (e.g., Switzerland) will be less inclined to hire self-promoting applicants than recruiters from cultures that value self-promotion. We therefore investigated 44 native French speaking recruiters from Switzerland and 40 native French speaking recruiters from Canada who judged either a self-promoting or a modest videotaped applicant in terms of hireability. Results confirmed that Canadian recruiters were more inclined to hire self-promoting compared to modest applicants and that Canadian recruiters were more inclined than Swiss recruiters to hire self-promoting applicants. Also, we showed that self-promotion was related to a higher intention to hire because self-promoting applicants are perceived as being competent.

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41

Sivakumaran, Gajan, and Rachel Margolis. "Self-Rated Health by Sexual Orientation Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Canada." Journals of Gerontology: Series B 75, no. 8 (May 22, 2019): 1747–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbz067.

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Abstract Objectives This article examines patterns of self-rated physical and mental health by sexual orientation among middle-aged and older adults in Canada, a rapidly growing subpopulation shown to be at risk of poor health. Method We use the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS 2015–2016) to estimate logit models predicting fair/poor self-rated physical and mental health by sexual orientation among middle-aged and older adults, stratifying by sex and age group. Results We find no differences in physical health for gay men and lesbian women compared with their heterosexual counterparts. However, middle-aged gay men are disadvantaged in terms of mental health, but not women. Bisexual women are disadvantaged in terms of physical health, and for mental health in some model specifications. Respondents who did not know their sexual orientation have poorer health across some measures of health and age groups. Discussion Our findings add to the paucity of research on older sexual minorities in Canada. They highlight the importance of separating out sexual minority groups because bisexual women have distinct health profiles. In addition, this is the first study to examine the health of respondents who “do not know” their sexual orientation, and future research should distinguish between different explanations for their poor health.

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42

Drury, Haley. "'Wedding Bells and Colonial Hells': Indigenous-Settler Intermarriage in Colonial North America." General: Brock University Undergraduate Journal of History 7 (April 11, 2022): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/tg.v7i1.3665.

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This essay examines the practice of Indigenous-settler intermarriage during the colonial period of North America. While historians know that intermarriage was an economic strategy used by both settler men and North American native women during the fur trade era, inaccuracies in parish records fail to demonstrate how prevalent the practice really was in this region. This paper thus presents an examination of what reasons both sides of the dynamic had for practicing interracial marriage and what benefits they derived from its execution. Indeed, the first half of the essay aims to analyze the physiological, psychological, economic, and imperialistic benefits Indigenous women, settler men, and related stakeholders enjoyed as a result of intermarriage using examples from both colonial Canada and America. The second half looks at what drawbacks resulted from intermarriage, emphasizing that these drawbacks were mainly isolated to the later years of colonization when European influence and power had spread throughout the continent. The legacy of Indigenous-settler intermarriage and the devastation of colonization persists still today which is why this topic is a worthy addition to the historical discourse.

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Burke, Ronald J., and Esther R. Greenglass. "Hospital Restructuring and Downsizing in Canada: Are Less Experienced Nurses at Risk?" Psychological Reports 87, no. 3 (December 2000): 1013–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.2000.87.3.1013.

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The health care sector has undergone significant change during the past decade as hospitals struggle to provide the same service with fewer resources. This study examined perceptions of hospital restructuring and downsizing and their effects on nursing staff as a function of years in nursing. Data were obtained from 1,362 staff nurses by questionnaire. Nursing staff having less tenure generally described and responded to hospital restructuring and downsizing in more negative terms. Nursing staff having less tenure were in better health, reflecting their younger age. Some implications for hospital administration and the nursing profession are raised. Entrants to hospital-based nursing staff positions are the life blood of the profession. Their reactions to hospital restructuring and downsizing may influence their commitment to nursing as well as hospital functioning. The profession may have difficulty attracting young women and men into nursing programs. As longer tenured nursing staff retire, a potential shortage of nurses may result.

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Fantus, Sophia. "Two Men and a Surrogate: A Qualitative Study of Surrogacy Relationships in Canada." Family Relations 70, no. 1 (June 12, 2020): 246–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/fare.12450.

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45

Ali, Alisha, and Brenda B. Toner. "Self-Esteem as a Predictor of Attitudes Toward Wife Abuse Among Muslim Women and Men in Canada." Journal of Social Psychology 141, no. 1 (February 2001): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00224540109600520.

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Kim, Andy J., Martin M. Smith, Simon B. Sherry, Lindsey M. Rodriguez, Sandra M. Meier, Raquel Nogueira-Arjona, Hélène Deacon, Allan Abbass, and Sherry H. Stewart. "Depressive Symptoms and Conflict Behaviors: A Test of the Stress Generation Hypothesis in Romantic Couples During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 41, no. 6 (December 2022): 517–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/jscp.2022.41.6.517.

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Introduction: In early 2020, North American jurisdictions required households (e.g., romantic couples) to isolate together to help mitigate the spread of COVID-19. This study provides a first look at the interplay of depressive symptoms and conflict behaviors among isolating couples, including tests of predictions of the stress generation hypothesis. Methods: Mixed-gender couples residing in Canada (N = 711) completed online measures across two waves. We used the actor-partner interdependence mediation model, with Wave 1 depressive symptoms as the predictor, Wave 1 conflict enactment as the mediator, and Wave 2 depressive symptoms as the outcome. Results: Depressive symptoms showed stability across Wave 1 and 2. Wave 1 depressive symptoms showed associations with Wave 1 conflict enactment. For men (but not women), Wave 1 conflict enactment was associated with their own and their partner's Wave 2 depressive symptoms. For both partners, Wave 1 conflict enacted by men mediated the association between Wave 1 depressive symptoms and Wave 2 depressive symptoms. Discussion: Our study confirms and extends the stress generation hypothesis to the pandemic context, showing that depressive symptoms may partially contribute to conflict for isolating couples and that conflict behaviors enacted by men toward their partner can exacerbate depressive symptoms in both partners.

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Lachowsky, Nathan J., Sally Y. Lin, Mark W. Hull, Zishan Cui, Paul Sereda, Jody Jollimore, Ashleigh Rich, et al. "Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Awareness Among Gay and Other Men who have Sex with Men in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada." AIDS and Behavior 20, no. 7 (February 16, 2016): 1408–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10461-016-1319-8.

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Vrugt, Anneke, and Carolijn Vet. "Effects of a Smile on Mood and Helping Behavior." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 37, no. 9 (October 1, 2009): 1251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2009.37.9.1251.

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In this study 480 native Dutch passers-by (240 men and 240 women) were approached with a request to participate in an investigation. The request was made by either a female or male experimenter wearing either a smile or a neutral expression. Results showed that a smiling experimenter elicited a smile from participants more often than when a neutral expression was displayed. Furthermore, there was a distinct correlation between a participant's smiling and his/her willingness to help, and a smile from a male experimenter was more likely to elicit helpfulness than from a female experimenter. Participants who agreed to help also answered a few written questions. These results showed that participants who received a smile from an experimenter were in a more positive mood than those who were approached by an experimenter wearing a neutral expression. It was also found that women smiled more often than men.

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Armstrong, Eric, Todd Coleman, Nathaniel M. Lewis, Simon Coulombe, Ciann L. Wilson, Michael R. Woodford, Ruth Cameron, Charlie Davis, and Robb Travers. "Travelling for sex, attending gay-specific venues, and HIV-related sexual risk among men who have sex with men in Ontario, Canada." Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality 29, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 380–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjhs.2019-0054.

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Tousignant, Michel, Roger Brosseau, and Lucien Tremblay. "Sex biases in mental health scales: do women tend to report less serious symptoms and confide more than men?" Psychological Medicine 17, no. 1 (February 1987): 203–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329170001309x.

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SynopsisWomen report more symptoms than men in mental health surveys. The evidence shows that psychometric biases cannot explain this significant difference. This study attempts to explore other factors that could bias the results – for example, that women are likely to report less serious symptoms than men or are less apprehensive in reporting symptoms because they have a higher tendency to report symptoms than men. A random sample of 213 women and 222 men, all married and between the age of 25 and 40, were interviewed at home in two districts of Montreal (Canada) and given the Health Opinion Survey (HOS). As has been usually found, women scored higher than men on the HOS. A variety of scales assessed the seriousness of the symptoms and the results did not indicate any sex difference in this regard. Moreover, there was no correlation between the mental health and the Jourard Self-Confidence Scale. Finally, women did not confide more about their symptoms than men, contrary to the prevalent opinion according to which they are more likely to do so. Sex differences on mental health scales do not, therefore, appear to be related to the type of bias assessed in this survey.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Native men – canada – psychology'

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