Journal articles: 'Native insectary'

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Retallack, M., L. Thomson, and M. Keller. "Native insectary plants support populations of predatory arthropods for Australian vineyards." BIO Web of Conferences 15 (2019): 01004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20191501004.

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We provide a summary of two recent studies that investigated the role that three native insectary plants can play in promoting predatory arthropods, and thereby to enhance biological control of vineyard pests in Australia. Native plants are preferred as supplementary flora, as they are locally-adapted to Australia's climatic conditions. Stands of mature Bursaria spinosa, Leptospermum continentale and Rytidosperma ssp. located adjacent to, or in vineyards, in South Australia were sampled for arthropods in 2013/14. Grapevines were also sampled to explore relationships between each plant and associated arthropods using common diversity indices. Twenty seven thousand and ninety-one individual invertebrate specimens were collected, comprising 20 orders and 287 morphospecies. These were categorised into functional groups of predators, herbivores and other. Predatory arthropods dominated the diversity of morphospecies present on each plant. The richness of predator morphospecies across all plant types was nearly double the number found in association with grapevines. It may be possible to increase the functional diversity of predatory arthropods by more than 3x when either B. spinosa or L. continentale is present versus grapevines only, and increase the net number of predator morphospecies by around 27% when Rytidosperma ssp. are planted in combination with grapevines. The selected plants provide a suitable habitat to support diverse and functional populations of predatory arthropods. The opportunity to plant selected native insectary species could help wine grape growers save time and resources by producing fruit with lower pest incidence, while enhancing biodiversity associated with vineyards.

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Retallack, M. J., L. J. Thomson, and M. A. Keller. "Predatory arthropods associated with potential native insectary plants for Australian vineyards." Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research 25, no. 2 (February 18, 2019): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajgw.12383.

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Kleiman, Blaire M., Suzanne Koptur, and Krishnaswamy Jayachandran. "Weeds Enhance Pollinator Diversity and Fruit Yield in Mango." Insects 12, no. 12 (December 13, 2021): 1114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12121114.

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Agriculture is dependent on insect pollination, yet in areas of intensive production agriculture, there is often a decline in plant and insect diversity. As native habitats and plants are replaced, often only the weeds or unwanted vegetation persist. This study compared insect diversity on mango, Mangifera indica, a tropical fruit tree dependent on insect pollination, when weeds were present in cultivation versus when they were removed mechanically. The pollinating insects on both weeds and mango trees were examined as well as fruit set and yield in both the weed-free and weedy treatment in South Florida. There were significantly more pollinators and key pollinator families on the weedy mango trees, as well as significantly greater fruit yield in the weedy treatment compared to the weed-free treatment. Utilizing weeds, especially native species, as insectary plants can help ensure sufficient pollination of mango and increase biodiversity across crop monocropping systems.

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Jones, Michael I., Juli R. Gould, Hope J. Mahon, and Melissa K. Fierke. "Phenology of Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) and Its Introduced Larval Parasitoids in the Northeastern United States." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 2 (December 12, 2019): 622–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toz304.

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Abstract Biological control offers a long-term and sustainable option for controlling the destructive forest pest emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, in North America. Three larval parasitoids, Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), Tetrastichus planipennisi Yang (Eulophidae), and Spathius galinae Belokobylskij & Strazanac, have been introduced to North America from the native range of EAB (northeastern Asia). While T. planipennisi appears to be persisting where it has been introduced in northern United States, S. agrili failed to establish in northeastern states. The more recently identified parasitoid S. galinae was recovered from the Russian Far East and climate matching suggests it should be suited for release in colder climates. We collected data on the phenology of EAB and its introduced larval parasitoids from colonies established in an insectary, growth chambers, and field-caged trees in Syracuse, New York to determine whether asynchrony between parasitoids and EAB or climate could impact establishment and persistence. Phenological data indicated EAB has one and 2-yr life cycles in New York, with parasitoid-susceptible EAB larvae available spring to fall for parasitism. Insectary and growth chamber studies indicated S. galinae and T. planipennisi were synchronous with EAB phenology, and field studies suggested both species could overwinter in northeastern climates. Spathius agrili was asynchronous with EAB phenology and climate, emerging when fewer parasitoid-susceptible EAB larvae were available and temperatures were not optimal for survival. Our results suggest S. galinae and T. planipennisi are suited for biological control of EAB at the northern limits of its range in North America.

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Racette, G., G. Chouinard, C. Vincent, and S. B. Hill. "Ecology and management of plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar [Coleoptera :Curculionidae], in apple orchards." Phytoprotection 73, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/706025ar.

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Plum curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar) is a native pest of pome and stone fruit in eastern North America. It is a key pest of apple (Malus pumila) orchards in Quebec. In spring, adults disperse primarily from woodland overwintering sites to apple orchards. Before fruit set, the beetles are mainly nocturnal. As fruits become available for oviposition, adults extend their activity to the daytime. Full grown larvae found in dropped apples in June (June drop) enter the soil to pupate. The summer brood emerges in August, feeds on the remaining fruit throughout the fall and then disperses to suitable overwintering sites. Little is known of its community and host plant relationships, dispersal behavior, factors influencing its mode of locomotion, choice of food sources, overwintering sites, micro-habitat selection, orientation, and action threshold. Commercially available biocontrol agents are not effective, and convenient and reliable monitoring techniques for the timing of sprays have not been developed. However, recent field and insectary studies on the behavior and activity of plum curculio adults may allow us to improve the efficiency of control strategies. These findings are presented here, together with their implications for control of the plum curculio by modifying its habitat, and by better timing and location of sprays and other interventions. This paper also includes brief reviews of biological controls, insect growth regulators, and genetic controls for plum curculio.

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Amaral, D. P. do, A. R. Fonseca, C. G. Silva, F,M Silva, and A. Alvarenga Júnior. "DIVERSIDADE DE FAMÍLIAS DE PARASITÓIDES (HYMENOPTERA: INSECTA) COLETADOS COM ARMADILHAS MALAISE EM FLORESTA NATIVA EM LUZ, ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL." Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 72, no. 4 (December 2005): 543–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v72p5432005.

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RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi de conhecer as famílias de himenópteros parasitóides (Insecta: Hymenoptera), coletados com armadilhas do tipo Malaise em floresta nativa em Luz, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil (19º45’03" e 19º49’03"S, 45º41’25" e 45º49’25"W). Durante o período de setembro de 2003 a março de 2004, foram coletados 1.131 espécimes, distribuídos em 21 famílias. Ichneumonidae e Encyrtidae foram as mais comuns, com 42,00% e 25,29% espécimes coletados, respectivamente.

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Hedianto, Dimas Angga, and Agus Arifin Sentosa. "INTERAKSI TROFIK KOMUNITAS IKAN DI DANAU MATANO, SULAWESI SELATAN PASCA BERKEMBANGNYA IKAN ASING INVASIF." Jurnal Penelitian Perikanan Indonesia 25, no. 2 (June 10, 2019): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jppi.25.2.2019.117-133.

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Interaksi trofik pasca masuknya ikan introduksi ataupun ikan asing invasif merupakan dasar untuk mengkaji tekanan ekologis terhadap ikan asli. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis interaksi trofik komunitas ikan pasca berkembangnya jenis-jenis ikan asing invasif di Danau Matano, Sulawesi Selatan. Ikan contoh diperoleh dari hasil tangkapan jaring insang percobaan, jala lempar, dan seser pada Mei, Oktober, dan November 2015 serta Februari, Juli, dan September 2016. Analisis ekologi trofik yang dilakukan meliputi indeks bagian terbesar, tingkat trofik, luas relung dan tumpang tindih relung makanan, serta pola strategi makan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan komunitas ikan yang tertangkap di Danau Matano terdiri atas 9 famili, 11 genera, dan 17 spesies. Ikan louhan mendominasi komunitas ikan di Danau Matano sebesar 53,62%. Makanan alami yang banyak dimanfaatkan oleh sejumlah ikan dalam komunitas adalah insekta (Diptera), Gastropoda (Tylomelania sp.), dan larva insekta (Chironomidae). Kelompok trofik komunitas ikan di Danau Matano terdiri atas detritivora, herbivora, insektivora, zoobentivora, dan piscivora. Masuknya ikan introduksi memunculkan kelompok trofik baru (detritivora dan herbivora). Ikan introduksi cenderung memiliki luas relung makanan yang lebih bervariasi. Kompetisi terhadap makanan alami kategori moderat banyak terjadi antara ikan asli dengan louhan. Strategi pola makan ikan asli di Danau Matano cenderung bersifat spesialis, sedangkan ikan introduksi memiliki strategi pola makan yang lebih bervariasi dan oportunistik. Ikan louhan sebagai ikan introduksi dominan yang bersifat invasif mampu memanfaatkan seluruh sumber daya makanan alami yang tersedia dan menempati tingkat trofik tertinggi di Danau Matano. Tekanan ekologi terhadap ikan asli oleh ikan asing invasif di Danau Matano terjadi karena adanya kompetisi terhadap makanan alami.Trophic interactions post-develpment of non-native fish or invasive alien fish species are the basis knowledge for assessing and preventing the ecological pressure on native fish. This research aims to analyze the trophic interactions of fish community post-development of invasive alien fish species in Lake Matano, South Sulawesi. Fish samples were obtained from the catch of experimental gill nets, cast nets, and push nets in May, October, and November 2015 along with February, July, and September 2016. Trophic ecological analysis carried out included index of preponderance, trophic level, niche breadth and niche overlap of natural food, and feeding strategy. The fish community caught in Lake Matano consists of 9 families, 11 genera, and 17 species. Flowerhorn cichlid dominates the fish community in Lake Matano by 53.62%. Natural foods that are widely used by a number of fish in the community are Insecta (Diptera), Gastropods (Tylomelania sp.), and larvae of Insecta (Chironomidae). The guild trophic of fish community in Lake Matano consists of detritivores, herbivores, insectivores, zoobentivores, and piscivores. The introduction of non-native species bring up to new guilds (detritivores and herbivores). Non-native fishes tends to have a variety niche breadth. Moderate competition for natural food resources between native fish and flowerhorn cichlid is quite high. Feeding strategy of native species in Lake Matano tend to be specialist, while non-natives species have more variety and opportunistic. Flowerhorn cichlid as dominant invasive alien fish species is able to utilize all natural food resources and occupies the highest trophic level in Lake Matano. Ecological pressure on native fish by invasive alien fish species in Lake Matano occurs due to competition in obtaining natural food resources.

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Pape, Thomas, and Paul H. Arnaud. "Bezzimyia - a genus of native New World Rhinophoridae (Insecta, Diptera)." Zoologica Scripta 30, no. 4 (October 2001): 257–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1463-6409.2001.00064.x.

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Wilhelm, Mark, Matthew Borden, and Adam Dale. "Yaupon Psyllid Gyropsylla ilecis (Ashmead) (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphalaridae)." EDIS 2021, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1261-2019.

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The yaupon psyllid, Gyropsylla ilecis (Ashmead), is a native insect of the family Psyllidae, order Hemiptera (Figure 1). The insect is inconspicuous during most of the year, but the leaf galls it produces in spring are more easily observed. Nymphs feed on the new growth of yaupon holly, Ilex vomitoria, causing leaves to deform into a protective gall. The yaupon holly, native to the southeastern United States, is used as an ornamental tree or shrub and has also been used for centuries to produce a caffeinated, tea-like beverage. The yaupon psyllid is considered a minor aesthetic pest due to the unsightly presence of galls and some stunting of twigs. However, yaupon holly is rarely severely damaged by this insect.

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Durán-Prieto, Juliana, Esteban Tulande-Marín, and Valentina Ocampo-Flóres. "Avispas (Insecta: Hymenoptera) asociadas a árboles urbanos de la ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia." REVISTA CHILENA DE ENTOMOLOGÍA 46, no. 4 (December 23, 2020): 681–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35249/rche.46.4.20.14.

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Urban trees are a source of food resources, habitat and refuge for the biodiversity that occurs in cities. However, the taxonomic identity and status of each plant species as native and / or exotic of in an ecosystem influences its interactions with biodiversity. Wasps are one of the main insects present in terrestrial ecosystems, including urban ecosystems, as components of their biodiversity, playing an important role as biocontrol agents (predators and parasitoids) of populations of other insects associated with urban flora or as phytophagous. Seeking to deepen into the knowledge of the diversity of wasps in the city of Bogotá and their ecological interactions, in this study the diversity of wasps associated with three native and three exotic species frequently in urban parks of the city was evaluated. In total, 22 wasp families and 227 morphospecies were identified. The families Bethylidae, Chalcididae and Crabronidae are recorded for the first time in Bogotá. On the other part, the families Eulophidae, Ichneumonidae and Braconidae were the ones that contributed with the most richness and abundance in this study. Regarding their association with the evaluated plant species, a greater diversity of morphospecies associated with native tree species was found, however, there is an effect of the taxonomic identity and the factor park on the results that are discussed. It highlighting the importance of conserving the native urban flora in green spaces of Bogota’s city, in order to maintain and preserve the diversity of wasps principally with parasitoid and predator habits and thus enhance their role as natural biocontrol agents of insects that affect the health of urban trees, at the same time that ecological processes and functionality of this urban ecosystem would be stimulated.

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Ashman, Krystal, Oliver Keller, and Cameron Jack. "Yellow-Legged Hornet (suggested common name), Vespa velutina (Lepeletier 1836) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." EDIS 2020, no. 3 (May 7, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1282-2020.

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The yellow-legged hornet, Vespa velutina (Lepeletier), is a pest of concern outside of its native range. Vespa velutina is native to Southeast Asia and has invaded several regions in Europe, first appearing in France in 2004. As a generalist predator, they are a pest of honey bees and a major concern to many beekeepers. Vespa velutina has not been intercepted in North America, but it is believed to have high invasion potential.

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BRUNNER, P. C., and J. E. FREY. "Habitat-specific population structure in native western flower thripsFrankliniella occidentalis(Insecta, Thysanoptera)." Journal of Evolutionary Biology 23, no. 4 (April 2010): 797–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2010.01946.x.

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Kaur, Balwinder, and Adam Dale. "Boxwood Leafminer Monarthropalpus flavus (Schrank) (Insecta: Diptera: Cecidomyiidae)." EDIS 2020, no. 5 (October 6, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1291-2020.

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Boxwood leafminer, Monarthropalpusi flavus Schank (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae), is a gnat-like fly whose larvae can cause severe damage to boxwood (Buxus spp.) trees and shrubs across the United States. This small fly is native to Europe and was first detected as a pest of boxwood in the United States in 1910. This insect can cause serious damage to boxwood species, which are among the most commonly planted landscape ornamental plants in the eastern U.S. This document describes the boxwood leafminers biology, identification, and management. Orginally published at: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/ORN/SHRUBS/boxwood_leafminer.html

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RABITSCH, WOLFGANG. "Alien True Bugs of Europe (Insecta: Hemiptera: Heteroptera)." Zootaxa 1827, no. 1 (July 23, 2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1827.1.1.

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This paper reviews the alien (non-native, non-indigenous, exotic) true bug (Heteroptera) species in Europe. Forty-two established alien Heteroptera are recognized, of which 12 species are alien to Europe (originating outside Europe: eight from North America, three from the Eastern Palaearctic, one from New Zealand), 24 species are alien within Europe (translocated within Europe), and six cryptogenic species are of unknown origin. Since 1990 an approximate arrival rate of 7 species per decade has been observed. A recent trend of increased introductions from North America to Europe is suggested. The most important pathway of alien Heteroptera is translocation as contaminants (49 %), usually with ornamental plants, followed by unintentional introduction through natural dispersal (unaided) across political borders within Europe (28 %), and translocation as stowaways within a transport vector (21 %). The taxonomic composition of the alien Heteroptera of Europe is dominated by Miridae (17 species, 40 %), Tingidae (8 species, 19 %), and Anthocoridae (5 species, 12 %), all of which are overrepresented compared to the native European Heteroptera fauna. More than half of the species are phytophagous (24 species, 57 %) and the advantage of trophic specialization in invasion success is discussed. Most species are currently known to occur in the Czech Republic (19 species) and Germany (17 species), followed by Western European countries (Belgium 15 sp., France and United Kingdom 14 sp. each, and Netherlands 13 sp.), resulting in an apparent (north)west–(south)east gradient probably reflecting horticultural tradition in Europe. No unambiguousevidence exists so far for negative ecological or economical impacts, but more research is needed to investigate possible effects. Introductions of alien Heteroptera to and within Europe will increase, and deserve further consideration.

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Brand, Raymond H., and Christopher P. Dunn. "Diversity and Abundance of Springtails (Insecta: Collembola) in Native and Restored Tallgrass Prairies." American Midland Naturalist 139, no. 2 (April 1998): 235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1674/0003-0031(1998)139[0235:daaosi]2.0.co;2.

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Peck, Stewart B., and Louis M. Roth. "Cockroaches of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, with descriptions of three new species (Insecta: Blattodea)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 70, no. 11 (November 1, 1992): 2202–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z92-297.

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Eighteen species of cockroaches are reported to occur on the Galápagos Islands. Five species are endemic and in this paper three of these are described as new species: Chorisoneura cristobalensis Roth, C. carpenteri Roth, and Ischnoptera santacruzensis Roth. Endemic Ischnoptera snodgrasii (McNeill) COMB.NOV. is transferred from Anisopygia, and redescribed. Previous reports of the introduced species Periplaneta brunnea, Nauphoeta cinerea, and Phoetalia pallida could not be confirmed. These species may not have become established or may have become extinct. New records of native or introduced species are given for Holocompsa nitidula, Holocompsa sp., Anaplecta lateralis, Blaberus parabolicus, and Rhyparobia maderae. Of the introduced species, only Periplaneta australasiae, Symploce pallens, and Pycnoscelus surinamensis seem to have invaded native (undisturbed) habitats. The endemic species are partially or wholly flightless. This may not be a result of island life per se, but may be a specialization for life in more homogeneous litter or cave habitats at higher elevations on the islands.

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Prade, Patricia, Eutychus Kariuki, and Adam Dale. "Salvinia weevil, Cyrtobagous salviniae (Calder & Sands) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." EDIS 2019, no. 4 (August 5, 2019): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1245-2019.

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The salvinia weevil, Cyrtobagous salviniae (Calder & Sands) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) (Figure 1), is a subaquatic (underwater) herbivorous insect native to Brazil (Calder and Sands 1985). This insect feeds on the invasive aquatic plants Salvinia molesta D. S. Mitchell and Salvinia minima (Baker). This insect is an effective classical biological control agent used in several countries to control the invasive giant salvinia, Salvinia molesta (D. S. Mitch). Feeding by Cyrtobagous salviniae larvae and adults kills its invasive host plants and restores recreational, agricultural, and ecosystem functions in aquatic systems. In the United states, the insect has been credited for controlling Salvinia minima in Florida (Jacono et al. 2001) and causing the decline of Salvinia molesta in Texas and Louisiana (Tipping et al. 2008).

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Parrow, Gregory, and Adam Dale. "A Bombardier Beetle Pheropsophus aequinoctialis (L.) (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae)." EDIS 2021, no. 2 (April 16, 2021): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1312-2020.

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Pheropsophus aequinoctialis (L.) is a ground beetle in the tribe, Brachinini, native to parts of South and Central America. Ground beetles of this tribe are commonly referred to as bombardier beetles due to their ability to produce a powerful and hot defensive chemical spray directed at would-be predators. This spray is capable of harming humans, resulting in discomfort, physical burns (due to the spray temperature), and possibly contact dermatitis. The adults of this species are nocturnal and believed to be generalist predators and scavengers. However, larval stages appear to depend on an exclusive diet of mole cricket eggs. As such, Pheropsophus aequinoctialis may have potential use as a biological control agent against certain invasive mole cricket pests in North America. This article describes this insects biology, development, and behavior. Also published on the Featured Creatures website at http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/Creatures/BeneFICIAL/beetles/Pheropsophus_aequinoctialis.html

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Pocco, M. E., M. P. Damborsky, and M. M. Cigliano. "Comunidades de ortópteros (Insecta, Orthoptera) en pastizales del Chaco Oriental Húmedo, Argentina." Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 33, no. 2 (2010): 119–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32800/abc.2010.33.0119.

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Orthopteran communities (Insecta, Orthoptera) in grasslands of Eastern Humid Chaco, Argentina Species diversity and abundance of Orthoptera communities were estimated in two grasslands of Eastern Humid Chaco from 2006 to 2007. The greatest species diversity was recorded in the grassland with intensive livestock grazing and predominance of native plant species, whereas the abundance values were higher in the grassland without grazing and characterized by introduced plant species. In total, 25 Orthoptera species were collected during the study. Acrididae (Caelifera) was the most abundant and diverse family recorded. Staurorhectus longicornis, Dichromorpha australis and Orphulella punctata were the most abundant species; the last two species being recorded during the entire sampling period. The greatest abundance was recorded in December 2006. Abundance did not show any correlation with climatic variables.

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Bose, C. Nitha, C. F. Binoy, and Francy K. Kakkassery. "On the diversity and abundance of riparian odonate fauna (Insecta) of the midstream Chalakkudy River, Kerala, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 8 (July 26, 2021): 19053–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7328.13.8.19053-19059.

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The riparian Odonate insect diversity of the midstream Chalakudy River at six locations assessed from February 2018 to January 2019 has revealed the occurrence of 25 species of odonates. Among them,10 species are dragonflies belonging to seven genera of the family Libellulidae and the remaining 15 species are damselflies belonging to six families and 11 genera. Five endemic damselfly species have been recorded. Pseudagrion indicum is endemic to the Western Ghats, while the remaining four species, Vestalis apicalis, Libellago indica, Dysphaea ethela, and Heliocypha bisignata, are endemic to India. Diversity indices of the odonates in all the six locations were analyzed and it showed less abundance at sites where tourist activities are more and with thin native riparian vegetation. Further, the study has unequivocally revealed that thick native riparian vegetation is essential for their perching and existence. By and large, the uncontrolled tourism activities and habitat alteration interfere with the density and diversity of these endemic species.

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Gill, Caitlin, Cameron Jack, and Andrea Lucky. "Asian Giant Hornet Vespa mandarinia Smith (1852) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." EDIS 2020, no. 3 (May 7, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-in1281-2020.

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Vespa mandarinia Smith, commonly called the Asian giant hornet, is the largest hornet in the world. Its size and distinctive markings make it easily distinguishable from other Asian hornet species. Not only is the wasp occasionally life-threatening to humans, it can decimate a number of insect colonies, most notably wild and farmed honey bees. Vespa mandarinia is native to Japan and occurs in several countries in Asia. The first Vespa madarinia hornet detected in the United States was in Washington State in 2019. This 5-page fact sheet written by Caitlin Gill, Cameron Jack, and Andrea Lucky and published by the UF/IFAS Entomology and Nematology Department describes the hornet, its biology, its predatory strategies, and its medical significance. The fact sheet also provides some strategies for management of this dangerous and destructive hornet.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/in1281

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Jacimovic, Milica, Jasmina Krpo-Cetkovic, Stefan Skoric, Marija Smederevac-Lalic, and Aleksandar Hegedis. "Seasonal feeding habits and ontogenetic diet shift of black bullhead (Ameiurus melas) in Lake Sava (Serbia)." Archives of Biological Sciences 73, no. 4 (2021): 513–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs210909045j.

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The black bullhead is an invasive species that forms dense populations and has a negative impact on the native ichthyofauna. Recent studies indicate that it is one of the most dominant invasive fish species in Serbian waters. Feeding habits based on stomach contents of individuals caught in Lake Sava were analyzed as a first step towards evaluating its possible negative impact on the native fish fauna of the lake. The following indices for diet analysis were applied: vacuity index, frequency of occurrence, numerical abundance and prominence value. Trophic niche breadth and seasonal trophic diversity were calculated using the Shannon?s index. The diet spectrum comprised 16 different prey categories from five groups: Mollusca, Crustacea, Insecta, Teleostei and plants. Fish were the main prey in all seasons, followed by aquatic invertebrates. Plant material and terrestrial insects were used as food in relatively small quantities. Predation on fish eggs was also detected. Our research confirmed that this species is an opportunistic generalist. An ontogenetic diet shift was also detected. The lowest value of trophic diversity was found in age 1+ individuals (H=1.39), while the highest was found in age 3+ individuals (H=2.00). The widest niche breadth was recorded in spring 2011 (H=2.12).

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Giracca, Ecila Maria Nunes, Zaida Inês Antoniolli, Ricardo Bemfica Steffen, Gerusa Pauli Kist Steffen, Guilherme Karsten Schirmer, and Flávio Luiz Foleto Eltz. "Influência da aplicação de calcário na população da meso e macrofauna do solo sob sistema plantio direto." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 32, no. 6 (December 2008): 1794–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542008000600018.

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No presente estudo avaliou-se o efeito de diferentes doses e modos de aplicação de calcário em plantio direto em campo nativo sobre a fauna edáfica, após cinco anos da aplicação. Organismos da fauna epiedáfica foram coletados com armadilhas tipo Provid e macrorganismos euedáficos utilizando monolitos de solos em duas épocas de amostragem: inverno e verão. Os organismos foram identificados ao nível de classe e ordem. Foram identificados 17 grupos taxonômicos, com ocorrência de cinco classes: Arachnida, Diplopoda, Crustacea, Oligochaeta e Insecta. A abundância de organismos apresentou maior variação em função das diferentes épocas de coleta e não sofreu influência das diferentes doses e modos de aplicação de calcário avaliados.

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Coutinho-Silva, R. D., M. A. Montes, G. F. Oliveira, F. G. de Carvalho-Neto, C. Rohde, and A. C. L. Garcia. "Effects of seasonality on drosophilids (Insecta, Diptera) in the northern part of the Atlantic Forest, Brazil." Bulletin of Entomological Research 107, no. 5 (March 2, 2017): 634–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485317000190.

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AbstractSeasonality is an important aspect associated with population dynamic and structure of tropical insect assemblages. This study evaluated the effects of seasonality on abundance, richness, diversity and composition of an insect group, drosophilids, including species native to the Neotropical region and exotic ones. Three preserved fragments of the northern Atlantic Forest were surveyed, where temperatures are above 20 °C throughout the year and rainfall regimes define two seasons (dry and rainy). As opposed to other studies about arthropods in tropical regions, we observed that abundance of drosophilids was significantly higher in the dry season, possibly due to biological aspects and the colonization strategy adopted by the exotic species in these environments. Contrarily to abundance, we did not observe a seasonal pattern for richness. As for other parts of the Atlantic Forest, the most representative Neotropical species (Drosophila willistoni, D. sturtevanti, D. paulistorum and D. prosaltans) were significantly more abundant in the rainy season. Among the most abundant exotic species, D. malerkotliana, Zaprionus indianus and Scaptodrosophila latifasciaeformis were more importantly represented the dry season, while D. simulans was more abundant in the rainy period. The seasonality patterns exhibited by the most abundant species were compared to findings published in other studies. Our results indicate that exotic species were significantly more abundant in the dry season, while native ones exhibited an opposite pattern.

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Koren, Toni. "Butterflies and moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) of the Lokrum island, southern Dalmatia." Natura Croatica 29, no. 2 (March 31, 2021): 227–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20302/nc.2020.29.29.

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In 2016 and 2017 a survey of the butterflies and moth fauna of the island of Lokrum, Dubrovnik was carried out. A total of 208 species were recorded, which, together with 15 species from the literature, raised the total number of known species to 223. The results of our survey can be used as a baseline for the study of future changes in the Lepidoptera composition on the island. In comparison with the literature records, eight butterfly species can be regarded as extinct from the island. The most probable reason for extinction is the degradation of the grassland habitats due to the natural succession as well as the introduction of the European Rabbit and Indian Peafowl. Their presence has probably had a tremendously detrimental effect on the native flora and fauna of the island. To conserve the Lepidoptera fauna of the island, and the still remaining biodiversity, immediate eradication of these introduced species is needed.

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Borges, Paulo, Rosalina Gabriel, César Pimentel, Mariana Brito, Artur Serrano, Luís Carlos Crespo, Volker Assing, et al. "Biota from the coastal wetlands of Praia da Vitória (Terceira, Azores, Portugal): Part 1 - Arthropods." Biodiversity Data Journal 6 (July 25, 2018): e27194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/bdj.6.e27194.

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During a LIFE research project aiming at the implementation of the conservation of the habitats and restoration of coastal wetland areas of Praia da Vitória (Terceira, Azores, Portugal), there was the opportunity undertake a systematic record of several groups of arthropods in three wetland areas: Paul da Praia da Vitória (PPV), Paul do Belo Jardim (PBJ) and Paul da Pedreira do Cabo da Praia (PPCP). The objective of the study was to perform a rapid biodiversity assessment, comparing the three sites in two different years, before and after the implementation of several conservation measures. This project also contributed to improve the knowledge of Azorean arthropod diversity at both local and regional scales, including new taxa for Terceira island and new records for Azores. Taking into consideration those aims, a set of standardised sampling methods were performed, inspired by the COBRA protocol originally developed for spiders. A total of 15,810 specimens belonging to 216 arthropod species and subspecies were collected. Beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera) and spiders (Araneae) dominated, with 81 and 51 taxa, respectively. Two beetle families dominated, Staphylinidae and Curculionidae with, respectively, 22 and 17 species and subspecies. Exotic species were also dominant (132 species and subspecies), the Azorean endemics being restricted to only eight taxa. The remaining 76 species and subspecies are native non-endemic. Two rare endemic species were found with relatively sustainable populations, the Azores Cone-head Conocephaluschavesi (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae) and the true weevil Drouetiusoceanicusoceanicus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae). A total of six species are novel for the Azores, five exotic (Blediusunicornis, Carpelimuszealandicus, Oenopiadoublieri, Sitonahispidulus, Trichiusaimmigrata) and one possibly native (Pyrrhocorisapterus). An additional 15 taxa are novel for Terceira island, ten exotic (Cheiracanthiummildei, Cylindroiuluslatestriatus, Eumodicogryllusbordigalensis, Nemobiussylvestris, Pissodescastaneus, Psyllipsocusramburi, Trachyzeloteslyonneti, Trigonnidiumcicindeloides, Tychiuscuprifer, Zelotestenuis) and five native (Aegialiaarenaria, Oxypodalurida, Platycleissabulosa, Plinthisusbrevipennis, Tachyuradiabrachys).

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Lara, Rogéria I. R., Daniell R. R. Fernandes, Francisco J. Sosa-Duque, Nicanor T. B. Antunes, Sérgio De Freitas, and Nelson W. Perioto. "Temporal variation of Brown and Green Lacewings (Neuroptera: Hemerobiidae and Chrysopidae) collected with McPhail traps from a fruit orchard in Southeast Brazil." Entomological Communications 2 (May 29, 2020): ec02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.37486/2675-1305.ec02005.

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This study was aimed at the identification of the Neuroptera (Insecta) obtained with McPhail traps in an orchard of native and exotic fruits in Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil (21°14’S / 48°17’W). Weekly sampling took place between May 2009 and April 2010. 187 specimens of Neuroptera were obtained: Nusalala tessellata (Gerstaecker, 1888) (Hemerobiidae) (176 specimens / 94.1% of the total), Leucochrysa cruentata (Schneider, 1851) (6 / 3.2%), Ceraeochrysa cubana (Hagen, 1861), Ceraeochrysa everes (Banks, 1920), Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861), Leucochrysa affinis Freitas & Penny, 2001 and Leucochrysa rodriguezi (Navás, 1913) (Chrysopidae) (1 / 0.5%, each species). Nusalala tessellata was the most abundant species, with the highest frequencies recorded in August 2009 and March 2010; such frequencies coincided with the fructification of Vangueria madagascariensis Gmelin (Rubiaceae) and Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck (Rutaceae), respectively. The use of McPhail traps can assist in the detection of beneficial insects in agroecosystems and establishment of better sustainable control measures.

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Borges, Paulo, Jose Pérez Santa-Rita, Rui Nunes, Anja Danielczak, Axel Hochkirch, Isabel Amorim, Lucas Lamelas-Lopez, Ole Karsholt, and Virgílio Vieira. "Species conservation profile of moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera) from Azores, Portugal." Biodiversity Data Journal 6 (April 19, 2018): e23311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/bdj.6.e23311.

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The few remnants of Azorean native forests harbour a unique set of endemic moths (Insecta, Lepidoptera), some of them under severe long term threats due to small sized habitats or climatic changes. In this contribution, we present the IUCN Red List profiles of 34 endemic moths to the Azorean archipelago, including species belonging to two diverse families: Noctuidae (11 species) and Crambidae (eight species). The objective of this paper is to assess all endemic Azorean moth species and advise on possible future research and conservation actions critical for the long-trem survival of the most endangered species. Most species have a large distribution (i.e. 58% occur in at least four islands), very large extent of occurrence (EOO) and a relatively large area of occupancy (AOO). Only nine species are single-island endemics, three of them from Flores, three from São Miguel and one from Pico, São Jorge and Faial. Most of the species also experience continuing decline in habitat quality, number of locations and subpopulations caused by the ongoing threat from pasture intensification, forestry, invasive plant species and future climatic changes. The lack of new records may indicate that one of the species previously named is extinct (Eupitheciaogilviata). Therefore, we suggest as future conservation actions: (1) a long-term species monitoring plan and (2) control of invasive species.

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Bella, Salvatore, and Antonio Franquinho Aguiar. "Non-native insect pests from the Madeira Archipelago (Portugal): new records and further data (Insecta: Orthoptera; Thysanoptera; Hemiptera; Coleoptera; Diptera; Lepidoptera; Hymenoptera)." Fragmenta Entomologica 52, no. 2 (November 15, 2020): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/fe.2020.469.

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In this study, the results of recent surveys on non-native insect pests from the Madeira Archipelago are reported. Overall, 13 non-native species were recorded: Tessellana tessellata (Charpentier) (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae), Gynaikothrips ficorum (Marchal) (Thysanoptera, Phlaeothripidae), Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann (Hemiptera, Coreidae), Macrohomotoma gladiata Kuwayama (Hemiptera, Homotomidae), Platycorypha nigrivirga Burckhardt and Cacopsylla fulguralis (Kuwayama) (Hemiptera, Psyllidae), Greenidea ficicola Takahashi (Hemiptera, Aphididae), Aloephagus myersi Essig (Hemiptera, Pemphigidae), Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell) (Hemiptera, Coccidae), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier (Coleoptera, Dryophthoridae), Phytoliriomyza jacarandae Steyskal & Spencer (Diptera, Agromyzidae), Lantanophaga pusillidactylus (Walker) (Lepidoptera, Pterophoridae), and Josephiella microcarpae Beardsley & Rasplus (Hymenoptera, Agaonidae). Particularly, T. tessellata, L. occidentalis, M. gladiata, P. jacarandae, and J. microcarpae are reported for the first time from the island of Madeira. L. occidentalis is also reported for the first time from the island of Porto Santo. For P. jacarandae this is the first record from Macaronesia, while for M. gladiata this is the first record also for Portugal. Most of these species are associated with allochthonous plants. Details on current distributions, host plants, biological remarks, and natural enemies are given for each species.

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Tissiani, A. S. O., W. O. Sousa, G. B. Santos, S. Ide, L. Battirola, and M. I. Marques. "Environmental influence on coprophagous Scarabaeidae (Insecta, Coleoptera) assemblages in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso." Brazilian Journal of Biology 75, no. 4 suppl 1 (November 24, 2015): 136–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.07514.

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Abstract Here we examine assemblage structure of coprophagous Scarabaeidae (dung beetles) in the Pantanal of the state of Mato Grosso with respect to flooding regimes, soil texture, leaf litter volume and tree dominance in native and exotic pastures. Samples were collected along 30 transects of 250 m in length in a 5×5 km grid (25 km2). Five pitfalls baited with human feces were placed in each transect. A total of 1692 individuals in 19 species were captured, the majority in the subfamily Scarabaeinae and Aphodiinae. Assemblages were influenced by the duration of flooding and leaf litter volume. None of the other habitat variables was correlated with species richness. Cultivated pastures with exotic grasses were unimportant for composition of the assemblages of beetles. These results indicate that duration of flooding is the most important regulating force in this community.

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Anderson, Robert S. "The Curculionidae of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia (Insecta; Coleoptera)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 11 (November 1, 1988): 2406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-356.

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Nineteen species of weevils are reported from the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Nine species are found throughout the coastal forest region from California north to Alaska or British Columbia. Three species are widespread throughout western North American forests. Four species are found on sand beaches from California north to British Columbia. One species is found in alpine areas from southern British Columbia north to Alaska and the Aleutian and Pribilof islands. Two species are introduced into North America from the Palearctic Region. Three additional species are reported from the islands but their occurrence was not confirmed and they are left as questionable records. Adult individuals of all known species from populations on the Queen Charlotte Islands do not appear structurally differentiated from individuals examined from representative localities elsewhere. Postglacial recolonization of the islands from a southern source area by all native lowland to montane species and from a northern source area by the sole alpine species appears to be the most parsimonious account for the origin of the weevil fauna. There is no evidence to suggest survival of any species in a Late Wisconsinan refugium as has been proposed elsewhere for a number of other animals and plants endemic to the Queen Charlotte Island archipelago.

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Plaza, Tarik Godoy D., and Carla Galbiati. "Influence of Flood Pulse on Termite Diversity (INSECTA: ISOPTERA) in the Pantanal." Sociobiology 64, no. 3 (October 17, 2017): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.13102/sociobiology.v64i3.1371.

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This research aimed to associate termite diversity to flood pulse by Paraguay River, and with savannas and pasture areas. The study was conducted nearby the town of Cáceres, in Pantanal - Mato Grosso, on six livestock farms subject to Paraguay River flood pulse. Types of land use sampled were native savanna and cultivated pasture. Flooded and dry plots were selected, both the savanna and the pasture in each sampling area. Termite richness and abundance was analysed based on the environments as an explanatory variable (FP – flooded pasture, DP – dry pasture, FS – flooded savanna, DS – dry savanna) through GLM; Tukey’s test was subsequently performed to determine whether land use and/or flood pulse can significantly affect the termite community. There were 37 termite species and 19 genera. Richness and abundance of termite species cannot be explain by flooding pulse, but were explained only by land use (pasture and savanna). The similarity analysis also identified that species composition was quite affected by flood in grazing areas, but this disturbance does not affect the savanna areas. In conclusion, flood pulse is not a determining factor for savannas or pasture termite richness, but change the composition of the termite fauna in the environment.

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Massaro, Fernanda Cristina, Natalia Felix Negreiros, and Odete Rocha. "A search for predators and food selectivity of two native species of Hydra (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Brazil." Biota Neotropica 13, no. 2 (June 2013): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1676-06032013000200003.

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The Hydra is the most common representative of freshwater cnidarians. In general, it is found in freshwaters on every continent, with the exception of Antarctica. The aim of the present study is to gather biological and ecological data on aspects of two species of Hydra native to Brazil: Hydra viridissima and Hydra salmacidis. Predation and food selectivity experiments were performed to assess the possible predators and the prey preferences, respectively, of the two species. The results indicate that the two species of Hydra were not consumed by any of the predators that were tested, which are typical predators of invertebrates in freshwater: nymphs of Odonata Anisoptera and the phantom midge larvae of Chaoborus sp. (Insecta), adults of Copepoda Cyclopoida (Crustacea) and the small fish Poecilia reticulata. It was observed that the smaller Hydra, H. viridissima, positively selected the nauplii and copepodites of calanoid copepods and small cladocerans and rejected large prey, such as the adults of calanoid copepods and ostracods. The larger H. salmacidis, besides the nauplii and copepodites of the calanoid copepods and small cladocerans, also positively selected the large adults of the calanoid copepods. It can be concluded that both H. viridissima and H. salmacidis are most likely preyed on little or not preyed on at all in many freshwater bodies, as they are top predators in the food chain. At the same time, they are efficient predators, and a positive relationship was observed between the prey size and the Hydra species size. Food selectivity was related to prey size as well as other prey characteristics, such as carapace thickness and swimming efficiency.

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Mata, Renata Alves da, Melodie McGeoch, and Rosana Tidon. "Drosophilids (Insecta, Diptera) as Tools for Conservation Biology." Natureza & Conservação 08, no. 01 (2010): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/natcon.00801009.

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Ruengsawang, Nisit, Narumon Sangpradub, and Renata Manconi. "Aquatic Insects in Habitat-Forming Sponges: The Case of the Lower Mekong and Conservation Perspectives in a Global Contest." Diversity 14, no. 11 (October 27, 2022): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14110911.

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Shallow water sponges settled on a raft along the Pong River (Lower Mekong Basin, Thailand) were investigated to highlight the taxonomic richness, composition, relative abundance and lifestyle of sponge-dwelling aquatic Insecta. The three-dimensional biogenic structures of the model sponges hosted 4 orders of Insecta, belonging to 10 families and 19 genera/species, able to strictly coexist at the level of the sponges in aquiferous canals and/or at the body surface, and/or dwelling in the extracellular matrix. On the basis of the identified 379 larvae and pupae, Trichoptera and Diptera were found to be the dominant inhabitants of Corvospongilla siamensis (Demospongiae: Spongillida), endemic to Southeast Asia. In the focused lotic ecosystem, dominated by soft bottoms, sponges play a functional role. Insecta use sponges as a substratum, nursery ground, food source, and shelter microhabitat, protecting them from predation and environmental aggression. Moreover, their feeding behavior indicates the insects’ adaptive traits to recycle sponge siliceous spicules as a source of exogenous material to strengthen the larval–pupal cases and the digestive system. The results of the Thai sponge model contribute to the inventory of global engineering species richness, ecosystem types, and biogeographic diversity, thus raising awareness for freshwater biodiversity conservation. In this regard, the present data, along with the worldwide inventory, focus on sponges as (a) key habitat-forming species for aquatic insect assemblages, (b) ecosystem engineers in river/lake/wetland ecosystems, providing water purification, the processing of organic matter, recycling of nutrients, and freshwater–terrestrial coupling, and (c) promising candidates in restoration projects of tropical freshwater ecosystems by bioremediation.

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PALMA, RICARDO L., and STEWART B. PECK. "An annotated checklist of parasitic lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from the Galápagos Islands." Zootaxa 3627, no. 1 (March 18, 2013): 1–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3627.1.1.

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We list all described species and subspecies of parasitic lice from theGalápagos Islands, based on literature and specimen records. A total of eight families, 47 genera, and 104 species and subspecies of parasitic lice are listed, of which 26 are new species records and eight are new genus records. Also, we report 17 new host-louse associations. The checklist includes 17 endemic species (16 from birds, one from a mammal), 79 native species and subspecies (78 from birds, one from a mammal), and eight species and subspecies (five from birds, three from mammals) introduced by human agency. Nine species assigned in error to theGalápagos Islandsin the literature are discussed and deleted from the fauna. For each valid species and subspecies we give information on its taxonomic history, type material, host associations, geographic distribution, biogeographical status, systematic relationships, and relevant literature references. We also give a brief summary of louse biology, and an account of the history of louse collecting, expeditions, collections, and research relating toGalápagos Islandslice. We include a host-parasite list, and a list of hosts which breed in theGalápagos Islandsbut without lice recorded from them. Also, we formally designate four lectotypes from the Kellogg Collection.

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Evans, Edward W. "Grasshopper (Insecta: Orthoptera: Acrididae) assemblages of tallgrass prairie: influences of fire frequency, topography, and vegetation." Canadian Journal of Zoology 66, no. 7 (July 1, 1988): 1495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z88-219.

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Grasshopper assemblages were sampled by sweep net in native tallgrass prairie at Konza Prairie, Kansas, in 1982 – 1986 to assess the influences of fire, topography, and vegetation on local species composition. Species composition at 38 sites was analysed by ordination (detrended correspondence analysis). Frequency of fire and topographic location were reflected along the first two principal axes, respectively. Grass-feeding grasshoppers were more numerous than forb- and mixed-feeding grasshoppers throughout the prairie, but forb and mixed feeders became relatively more frequent as fire frequency decreased. Local species richness of grasshoppers was greater on sites burned infrequently than on sites burned annually or biennially, and on upland than on lowland sites. Local species richness was positively correlated with local plant species richness and diversity, reflecting in part that local relative abundance of forb-feeding grasshoppers was positively correlated with local relative abundance of forbs. Collectively these results are consistent in suggesting that through their effects on local plant communities, fire frequency and topography are major factors influencing the composition of local grasshopper assemblages in tallgrass prairie.

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Martin, Gabriel M., and Baltazar González-Chávez. "Observations on the behavior of Caenolestes fuliginosus (Tomes, 1863) (Marsupialia, Paucituberculata, Caenolestidae) in captivity." Journal of Mammalogy 97, no. 2 (January 5, 2016): 568–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmammal/gyv203.

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Abstract We describe the behavior in captivity of the dusky shrew-opossum Caenolestes fuliginosus from 17 specimens captured at Finca La Martinica (Colombia), which were kept alive in plastic terraria for different periods of time (between 1 and 12 consecutive days). We found that C. fuliginosus can climb and jump well and uses its nonprehensile tail as a support when climbing. Feeding observations showed a preference towards an animalivorous diet, which included moths/butterflies (Insecta, Lepidoptera), stick-insects (Insecta, Phasmatoidea), flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria), earthworms (Annelida, Oligochaeta), frogs (Amphibia, e.g., Pristimantis sp.), and dead rodents (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae, e.g., Microryzomys sp., Thomasomys sp.). Individuals were active throughout the day and night, with no indication of daily torpor. Our observations showed C. fuliginosus is not aggressive towards congeners and often aggregates during rest, especially when several individuals are placed together. Unlike other New World marsupials, C. fuliginosus showed nonagonistic group feeding behavior when consuming carcasses. Stereotyped behavior patterns (e.g., grooming) were not frequently observed. Our work provides comparative information for further studies on caenolestids and other New World marsupials. En este trabajo describimos el comportamiento en cautiverio del ratón Runcho, Caenolestes fuliginosus, a partir de la observación directa de 17 individuos capturados en Finca La Martinica (Colombia), que fueron mantenidos en terrarios plásticos por diferentes períodos de tiempo (entre 1 y 12 días consecutivos). Observamos que C. fuliginosus puede trepar y saltar bien, usando su cola no prensil como soporte al trepar. Los individuos mostraron preferencias alimenticias hacia una dieta animalívora que incluyó: polillas/mariposas (Insecta, Lepidoptera), insectos palo (Insecta, Phasmatoidea), gusanos planos de vida libre (Platyhelminthes, Turbellaria), lombrices (Annelida, Oligochaeta), ranas/sapos (Amphibia, e.g., Pristimantis sp.) y roedores muertos (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae, e.g., Microryzomys sp., Thomasomys sp.). Observamos actividad durante todo el día y la noche, sin preferencias, y no observamos torpor en ningún individuo. Los individuos no mostraron comportamiento agresivo hacia sus congéneres y, con frecuencia, se juntaron para descansar unos sobre otros. A diferencia de otros marsupiales del nuevo mundo, C. fuliginosus no mostró comportamiento agonístico cuando se alimenta de cadáveres. Patrones estereotipados de comportamiento (e.g., limpieza) no fueron frecuentemente observados. Nuestro trabajo aporta información comparativa para futuros estudios sobre el comportamiento de otros cenoléstidos y marsupiales del nuevo mundo.

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Jose, Jeevan, Muhamed Sherif, and A. Vivek Chandran. "A note on the ecology and distribution of Little Bloodtail Lyriothemis acigastra Brauer, 1868 (Insecta: Odonata: Libellulidae) in Kerala, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 6 (May 26, 2021): 18642–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.7139.13.6.18642-18646.

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The behaviour and ecology of an elusive dragonfly, Lyriothemis acigastra (Insecta: Odonata: Libellulidae) based on observations from Kadavoor Village, Ernakulam District, Kerala are detailed. Range extension of the species within Kerala after its first report in 2013 is also discussed.

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VERA S., ALEJANDRO. "Phidon chanco sp. nov. of cockroach from the coastal forest of central Chile (Insecta: Blattaria)." Zootaxa 4712, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 114–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4712.1.8.

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Phidon chanco sp. nov. is the first species of the genus where both sexes are described Male and female genitalia are described and illustrated using SEM. The new species can be distinguished from the other members of the genus, by the existence of brachypterism in both sexes; in males the median triangle of the sternum IX is long, sclerotised, and its apex strongly armed with numerous denticles; in females the tergite X is emarginate. The new species is distributed exclusively in the coastal forests of central Chile, in association with remnants of native flora and protected areas.

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Ball, George E. "Classification, Cladistics, and Natural History of Native North American Harpalus Latreille (Insecta: Coleoptera: Carabidae: Harpalini), excluding Subgenera Glanodes and Pseudo-phonus." Annals of the Entomological Society of America 85, no. 6 (November 1, 1992): 805–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aesa/85.6.805.

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Haneef, Muhammed, B. Raju Stiven Crasta, and A. Vivek Chandran. "Report of Bradinopyga konkanensis Joshi & Sawant, 2020 (Insecta: Odonata) from Kerala, India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 13, no. 8 (July 26, 2021): 19173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.6484.13.8.19173-19176.

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The newly described dragonfly species, Bradinopyga konkanensis Joshi & Sawant 2020 (Insecta: Odonata), is reported from Kerala, 450 km away from its nearest record. Differences between closely similar species that co-occur in the region are tabulated for easy field identification of the species.

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S.V. Akhil, Sabu K. Thomas, and Sanjeev Kumar. "Desert Carabidae (Insecta: Coleoptera) of India." Journal of Threatened Taxa 14, no. 12 (December 26, 2022): 22260–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.6817.14.12.22260-22269.

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A checklist, distribution pattern and taxonomic keys to the Carabidae fauna of the Thar Desert (Rajasthan) are provided. Seventeen species belonging to five subfamilies (Anthiinae, Brachininae, Carabinae, Harpalinae, and Licininae) were recorded. Eight species of Carabidae are first records from the state of Rajasthan.

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Fronza, Edegar, Alexandre Specht, and Elio Corseuil. "Butterflies and moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) associated with erva-mate, the South American Holly (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.), in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil." Check List 7, no. 4 (June 1, 2011): 496. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/7.4.496.

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The result of an inventory on the lepidopteran fauna associated with the South American Holly (erva-mate) is described. This inventory was based on a bibliographic review, the examination of specimens deposited in scientific collections from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the systematic collection within commercial erva-mate farms located in Anta Gorda, RS, and on the occasional collections from native trees within the Região dos Vinhedos campus of the Universidade de Caxias do Sul. Every fifteen days between 20 August 2005 and 19 August 2006, 150 trees were visually inspected and all Lepidoptera were collected. A list of 75 lepidopteran taxa belonging to 16 families is presented, including 27 new occurrences for the erva-mate crop, of which 14 species represent new records for the state.

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New, T. R. "Moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) and conservation: background and perspective." Journal of Insect Conservation 8, no. 2/3 (2004): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jico.0000045807.04047.bd.

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New, T. R. "Moths (Insecta: Lepidoptera) and conservation: background and perspective." Journal Of Insect Conservation 8, no. 2-3 (June 2004): 79–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10841-004-1329-0.

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Langor, David W. "The diversity of terrestrial arthropods in Canada." ZooKeys 819 (January 24, 2019): 9–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.819.31947.

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Based on data presented in 29 papers published in theBiota of CanadaSpecial Issue of ZooKeys and data provided herein about Zygentoma, more than 44,100 described species of terrestrial arthropods (Arachnida, Myriapoda, Insecta, Entognatha) are now known from Canada. This represents more than a 34% increase in the number of described species reported 40 years ago (Danks 1979a). The most speciose groups are Diptera (9620 spp.), Hymenoptera (8757), and Coleoptera (8302). Less than 5% of the fauna has a natural Holarctic distribution and an additional 5.1% are non-native species. A conservatively estimated 27,000–42,600 additional species are expected to be eventually discovered in Canada, meaning that the total national species richness is ca. 71,100–86,700 and that currently 51–62% of the fauna is known. Of the most diverse groups, those that are least known, in terms of percent of the Canadian fauna that is documented, are Acari (31%), Thysanoptera (37%), Hymenoptera (46%), and Diptera (32–65%). All groups but Pauropoda have DNA barcodes based on Canadian material. More than 75,600 Barcode Index Numbers have been assigned to Canadian terrestrial arthropods, 63.5% of which are Diptera and Hymenoptera. Much work remains before the Canadian fauna is fully documented, and this will require decades to achieve. In particular, greater and more strategic investment in surveys and taxonomy (including DNA barcoding) is needed to adequately document the fauna.

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Mazurov, Sergei G., Leonid V. Egorov, Alexander B. Ruchin, and Oleg N. Artaev. "Biodiversity of Coleoptera (Insecta) in Lipetsk Region (Russia)." Diversity 14, no. 10 (September 30, 2022): 825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14100825.

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(1) Background: Coleoptera is one of the most diverse insect lineages. Coleoptera species live in many ecosystems around the globe and their role in ecosystems is very diverse. To study the number and distribution of species, lists of species were compiled and then added into the database generation platforms. The aim of the work was to describe the modern fauna of Coleoptera based on a recently published dataset. (2) Methods: Studies were conducted from 1971 to 2022. Insects were collected by different means (searching under the bark of trees and stumps, sifting litter and wood dust, soil samples, caught in the light, in soil traps, window traps, etc.). For each observation, the coordinates of the place of discovery, the number of individuals, dates were noted. (3) Results: The dataset presents data on 2416 species and subspecies of Coleoptera from 89 families found in the Lipetsk region. In total, the number of studied specimens in the dataset was 16,184, the number of occurrences was 6192. The largest families in terms of species diversity were Staphylinidae (541 species), Curculionidae (416), Chrysomelidae (315) and Carabidae (285). (4) Conclusions: In addition, based on the analysis of additional references, 452 more species and 2 families are indicated. Thus, the biodiversity of Coleoptera of the Lipetsk region is 2868 species from 89 families.

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Gibson, Daniel R., Logan Rowe, Rufus Isaacs, and Douglas A. Landis. "Screening Drought-Tolerant Native Plants for Attractiveness to Arthropod Natural Enemies in the U.S. Great Lakes Region." Environmental Entomology, November 8, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ee/nvz134.

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Abstract Arthropods provide a variety of critical ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes; however, agricultural intensification can reduce insect abundance and diversity. Designing and managing habitats to enhance beneficial insects requires the identification of effective insectary plants that attract natural enemies and provide floral resources. We tested the attractiveness of 54 plant species with tolerance to dry soils, contrasting perennial forbs and shrubs native to the Great Lakes region to selected non-native species in three common garden experiments in Michigan during 2015–2016. Overall, we found 32 species that attracted significantly more natural enemies than associated controls. Among these, Achillea millefolium and Solidago juncea were consistently among the most attractive plants at all three sites, followed by Solidago speciosa, Coreopsis tripteris, Solidago nemoralis, Pycnanthemum pilosum, and Symphyotrichum oolantangiense. Species which attracted significantly more natural enemies at two sites included: Asclepias syriaca, Asclepias tuberosa, Monarda fistulosa, Oligoneuron rigidum, Pycnanthemum virginianum, Dasiphora fruticosa, Ratibida pinnata, Asclepias verticillata, Monarda punctata, Echinacea purpurea, Helianthus occidentalis, Silphium integrifolium, Silphium terebinthinaceum, Helianthus strumosus, and Symphyotrichum sericeum. Two non-native species, Lotus corniculatus, and Centaurea stoebe, were also attractive at multiple sites but less so than co-blooming native species. Parasitic Hymenoptera were the most abundant natural enemies, followed by predatory Coleoptera and Hemiptera, while Hemiptera (Aphidae, Miridae, and Tingidae) were the most abundant herbivores. Collectively, these plant species can provide floral resources over the entire growing season and should be considered as potential insectary plants in future habitat management efforts.

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Vatandoost, Hassan, Fatemeh Nikpour, Ahmad Ali Hanafi-Bojd, Mohammadd Reza Abai, Mahnaz Khanavi, Abbas Hajiiakhondi, Ahmad Raesi, and Jalil Nejati. "Efficacy of Extractions of Iranian Native Plants against Main Malaria Vector, Anopheles stephensi in Iran for Making Appropriate Formulation for Disease ControlBackground: Malaria is the main vector–borne disease worldwide. There are several reports of in." Journal of Arthropod-Borne Diseases, January 15, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18502/jad.v13i4.2230.

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Background: Malaria is the main vector–borne disease worldwide. There are several reports of insecticide resistant in malaria vectors worldwide due to using different insecticides. The aim of this study was to evaluate different native plant extortions against main malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi in Iran for choosing the appropriate plant for formulation and use for vector control. Methods: The larvae of An. stephensi were reared in insectary, extraction of plants were carried out at department of Pharmacology. The standard WHO method for biological tests was used for calculation of LC50 and LC90. Probit regration lines were plotted for calculation of LC50 and LC90. Results: In this study several plants including: Mentha spicata, Cymbopogon olivieri, Azadirachta indica, Melia azedarach, Lagetes minuta, Calotropis procera, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Cupressus arizonica, Thymus vulgaris, Lawsonia inermis, Cedrus deodara, Cionura erecta, Bunium persicum, Carum carvi, Artemisia dracunculus, Rosmarinus officinalis were used. Results showed that Mentha spicata and Eucalyptus camaldulensis, had the lowest and highest LC50 respectively. Conclusion: Results indicated that Mentha spicata and Eucalyptus camaldulensis, had the lowest and highest LC50 respectively. Several other plant extract also showed significant mortality. The formulation of these plants should be prepared and evaluate at the field condition against malaria vectors.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Native insectary'

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