Journal articles: 'Nationalism – algeria – 20th century'

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Watanabe, Shoko. "THE PARTY OF GOD: THE ASSOCIATION OF ALGERIAN MUSLIM ʿULAMAʾ IN CONTENTION WITH THE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT AFTER WORLD WAR II." International Journal of Middle East Studies 50, no. 2 (May 2018): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743818000065.

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AbstractScholarship has long held that Islamic reform was a preparatory stage for nationalism in the Muslim world. In challenge to this view, this article shows how in the context of 20th-century Algeria Islamic reformers and nationalists continued to maintain distinct political ideas, visions, and projects. The article examines the internal framework of the Association of Algerian Muslim ʿUlamaʾ, an Islamic reform movement founded in 1931 when Algeria was under French colonial rule, and its interactions with other local movements, especially the Algerian nationalist movement. Through a comparison of the discourse of the Algerian ʿulamaʾ to that of the nationalists, it argues that while both groups claimed to be successors of Jamal al-Din al-Afghani, their understanding of politics (siyāsa) was different. Whereas the ʿulamaʾ associated politics with their own spiritual leadership, the nationalists associated it with institutions. The study situates these distinct visions within the post–World War II historical context, in which the expanding nationalist movement undermined the ʿulamaʾ’s popular appeal.

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Abdurahman, Dudung, and Kholili Badriza. "Sufism, Orthodoxy, and Nationalism in Modern Islamic Civilization in North Africa from The 19th- 20th Century." Sunan Kalijaga: International Journal of Islamic Civilization 4, no. 2 (September 30, 2021): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/skijic.v4i2.1995.

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The phenomenon of Sufism in the tariqa movements played a significant role in Islamic reform and the growth of nationalism in North Africa from the 19th to 20th centuries. This phenomenon which started as a neo-Sufism for Islamic reform, gradually turned into a nationalist movement. Therefore, Sufism is assumed to be a part of Islam that occupies the basic component of national identity and is a symbol of the struggle for independence of Muslim countries in North Africa. This study aims to discuss "the role and influence of Sufism for the revival of Islam, resistance to Western colonialism, the role of Islamic reform, and the process of nationalism and independence of Muslim countries in North Africa." These problems are analyzed based on historical, social, and political approaches related to issues of modern civilization in the Islamic world. This research concludes that, firstly the Sufism movement in the modern period in North Africa is developed in tariqa schools located in Idrisiyah, Sanusiyah, Khatmiyah, Tijaniyah, Qadiriyah, and Sammaniyah. Furthermore, the Sufism movement always shows the intertwined elements of teachings and rituals as well as the influences of social and political developments. Secondly, the teachings of the tariqa are able to increase religious awareness by fulfilling spirituality and improving people's morality, thereby developing, modifying, and actualizing leadership associated with Sufis. Thirdly, Sufism shows a very significant social force regarding the growth of nationalism in North Africa, which is used as the basis for their participation in the socio-political field, with various forms of protest or resistance. In collaboration with religious and community leaders, the leadership of the Sufis has also succeeded in bringing about the independence of national countries such as Tunisia, Libya, Algeria, Morocco, and Sudan since the mid-20th century. During that time, many Sufists occupied important positions in government.

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McDougall, James. "DREAM OF EXILE, PROMISE OF HOME: LANGUAGE, EDUCATION, AND ARABISM IN ALGERIA." International Journal of Middle East Studies 43, no. 2 (April 8, 2011): 251–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743811000055.

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AbstractIn Algeria as in many other cases, experiences of exile and diaspora played a major role in the creation of nationalist politics in the 20th century; exile has also been a recurring literary figure in expressions of Algerian cultural politics since independence. This article examines a range of literary sources to consider the politics of language and culture in Algeria since the 1940s. It shows how identification with Arabism has enabled Algerians to articulate claims to community, solidarity, and sovereignty, first in a conception of national “salvation” against the colonial state and then as both a state-sponsored project of political legitimacy and an indication of the limits of that project. A sense of these limits can be gained by a brief consideration of the complexity of the country's sociolinguistic landscape and the often unorthodox creativity of its literary self-expression since independence.

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Boniface, Xavier. "Les enjeux de l'aumônerie musulmane dans l'armée française de 1914 à 1962." Revue Historique des Armées 241, no. 4 (2005): 91–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rharm.2005.5767.

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The Muslim chaplaincy issue in the French Army in 1962 ; Muslim chaplains have been permitted in the French army since the decree of 18 March 2005. Yet their presence was allowed for from the time of the 1914-18 war onwards, when North African troops fought in French uniforms. But, although numerous projects surfaced between 1914 and 1962, Muslim chaplains enjoyed only an ephemeral existence and limited reach, bound as they were by a decree issued in May 1940 and an ordonnance of 1943 that put strict limits on what they could do. Muslim chaplains were justified in terms of the risk of death run by the tirailleurs, who could draw moral strength from their religion. But the shilly-shallying of the political and military authorities over thisissue harked back to the lack of any institutional organisation of Islam within France and to a respect for the Republican secularist principles, the 1905 Church-State Separation Law not applying in France's North African protectorates and only partly in Algeria. Without doubt the presence of religious Imams in the army had political implications. It demonstrated that France would honour Islam in order to underpin the loyalty of Muslim soldiers. When the Algerian War broke out, however, the political argument rebounded on the chaplaincs, however, for their existence risked fanning the flames of Algerian nationalism among tirailleurs. Fhus the question of a Muslim chaplaincy was one reflection of wider French-Muslim relations during the 20th Century.

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Liu, Yinuo. "Nationalism's Impact on 20th Century World Wars: Insights and Implications." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 23 (December 13, 2023): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v23i.13129.

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This essay addresses the research question of the role nationalism played in the two 20th-century world wars, which resulted in the deadliest conflicts in human history. The essay employs scholarly reports and war documentaries to shed light on the influence of nationalism in these wars. The conclusion drawn from this research is that nationalism indeed played a significant role in both world wars, with a more crucial impact on World War I and a vital yet distinct role in making World War II the bloodiest war in history. This research serves as a compelling reminder of the need to grasp the complexities of nationalism, recognize its potential for devastating outcomes, and promote open discourse on this critical topic.

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Ivanov, A. A. "Orthodox Church and Russian Nationalism in the Second Half of the 19th Century and Early 20th Century." Orthodoxia, no. 4 (December 26, 2022): 60–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.53822/2712-9276-2021-4-60-83.

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The article is based on the pre-revolutionary journalism. It reveals the attitude of Orthodox church authors of the second half of the 19th century and early 20th century to a number of subjects related to the problems of the Russian nationalism. The traditionally high interest of the Russian society in general and Orthodox Christians in particular in the attitude of the Russian Orthodox Church to nationalism in its various manifestations accounts for the relevance of the publication. Considering the return of the modern church journalism to the same range of problems that concerned representatives of the Orthodox clergy, theologians, missionaries and teachers of theological schools in the pre-revolutionary period, it would seem that an appeal to the historical experience of their understanding is fairly significant and essential. The article examines the ways in which church authors used to understand the nationalism, their ideas about its place in the life of an Orthodox Christian, along with its challenges and threats. It is noted that although the Orthodox Church did not have a single and consistent view of the nationalism, most church authors tried to give this phenomenon a direction that would not contradict the gospel teaching and could become a constructive and creative factor for the Russian life. At the same time, it is noted that, when discussing the nationalism, church authors of the second half of the 19th century and early 20th century often gave this concept a meaning diﬀerent from that of modern scientists, politicians and journalists. Standing at the Christian viewpoint, church authors rejected the militant, “pagan”, secular kind of the nationalism that involved only the earthly prosperity of the people. They supported another kind of nationalism consisting in the right of peoples to a special spiritual path, cultural and state identity and independence.

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Novianto, Victor, Tiara Yogiarni, and Hieronymus Purwanta. "The Javanese Cultural Identity Consciousness and Nationalism in Yogyakarta Early 20th Century." Migration Letters 20, no. 6 (September 2, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.59670/ml.v20i6.3454.

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This study aims to reconstruct the emergence of Javanese nationalism that developed in the early 20th century. The problems raised are: (1) Why did Javanese nationalism appear in Yogyakarta? and (2) How did Javanese nationalism in the thoughts and movements of the Yogyakarta aristocrats? The method used is the historical method. The analysis uses the nationalism approach developed by Ernest Renan, which states that the capital for establishing a nation-state is historical and cultural similarities. The research results show that the Yogyakarta Theosophy branch brought cultural consciousness to the rich Javanese past. The consciousness developed Javanese nationalism in three forms: political movements, pedagogy, and andragogy. In the political movement, there was an attempt to form a Javanese nation-state under the leadership of Suryokusumo. Ki Hadjar Dewantara founded the Tamansiswa College, which developed students' personalities according to their talents and culture origin. On the other hand, Suryomentaram propagated the Javanese andragogy.

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Ritesh Ranjan, Ritesh Ranjan. "Folk Art and Nationalism in the 20th Century India." International Journal of Mechanical and Production Engineering Research and Development 10, no. 3 (2020): 2743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24247/ijmperdjun2020258.

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Lecossois, Hélène. "Renegotiating and Resisting Nationalism in 20th-century Irish Drama." Études irlandaises, no. 35-2 (December 30, 2010): 186–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/etudesirlandaises.2068.

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10

WOODHAM, J. M. "Design in the 20th Century: Form Follows Function? * Design in the 20th Century: Nationalism and Internationalism." Journal of Design History 7, no. 4 (January 1, 1994): 306–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jdh/7.4.306.

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Kyrchanoff, Maksym Waler'evich. "The concept of the “short 20th century” as an interpretative model for studying the socio-political history of Indonesia." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 2 (February 2024): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2024.2.69580.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze the “short 20th century” concept as an interpretative model of modern historical science that claims to be universal. The author analyzes the concept of the “short 20th century” proposed by Eric Hobsbawm. The subject of the article is the concept of the “short 20th century”, the object is the possibility of its application and transplantation into Indonesian historical research. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of the concept of the “short 20th century” as an interpretative model that allows us to analyze the features of the historical, social and cultural development of Indonesia in the context of those transformation processes that were launched by the development of nationalism, modernization and secularization. It is assumed that the interpretive models proposed by Western historians have a claim to universality, although the effect of its transplantation into non-Western historical contexts may be limited. The article analyzes 1) the features of the social and economic components in the transformation of Indonesia during the “short 20th century”, 2) the role of the factors of nationalism and Islam in political changes within the framework of political competition and the confrontational model of relations between the Ummah and the ruling elites, 3) the consequences of “short 20th century” for the subsequent history of the region. The article shows the potential of the concept of the “short 20th century” for analyzing the history of social and political transformations in Indonesia. The results of the study suggest that the effect of using the concept of the “short 20th century” is limited. The author believes that this interpretative model can be effective relatively and useful for analyzing social and political dynamics through the prism of confrontation between secular and religious institutions as sources and drivers of change.

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12

Chernyakhovsky, Sergey F. "Nationalism versus Traditionalism." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 102 (March 1, 2020): 312–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2020-0-1-312-315.

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he article examines the main differences of such political life phenomena as “nationalism” and “traditionalism”. The author also defines the “incompleteness” of Russian nationalism in the beginning of the 20th century that led to its historical failure. Nationalism as political ideology is viewed in its essential meaning as spiritual and political reflection of the formation of the nation as historical people’s community based on territorial, cultural, language, state and political commonness that gain subjectivity under the conditions of the society transfer from the traditional to the industrial variety. Nationalism accepts the interests of the nation as the supreme absolute and destroys in its active formation the customs and arrangements of traditional society. Thus, in its essential definitions the nationalist ideology initially acts as denial of traditionalism. The phenomenon that in the beginning of the 20th century was usually referred to nationalism, was in truth adhered to the position of traditionalism, and because of that could not solve the objective historical problems of nationalism: the destruction of the class society, modernization or elimination of feudal political forms, secularization, consolidation of nation-wide self-comprehension, secular principles, political equality, citizens’ equal rights, land nationalization and its redistribution in favor of the peasants. In the result the mission of solving those problems was performed by another historical force, - the Bolshevik party that became the actual executor of the role of nationalism as the ideology of the Third Estate.

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Choueiri, Youssef M. "Pensée 2: Theorizing Arab Nationalism." International Journal of Middle East Studies 41, no. 1 (February 2009): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743808090053.

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Arab nationalism has received the attention of a fairly large number of scholars since its inception at the turn of the 20th century. It did not receive its first full treatment, however, until 1938, when George Antonius published The Arab Awakening. This book set the tone for much that was to follow—as statements of confirmation, elaboration, or refutation.

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Altuntaş, Nezahat. "Religious Nationalism in a New Era: A Perspective from Political Islam." African and Asian Studies 9, no. 4 (2010): 418–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921010x534805.

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Abstract Nationalism is an ideology that has taken different forms in different times, locations, and situations. In the 19th century, classical liberal nationalism depended on the ties between the nation state and its citizenship. That form of nationalism was accompanied by “the state- and nation-building” processes in Europe. In the 20th century, nationalism transformed into ethnic nationalism, depending on ideas of common origin; it arose especially after World War I and II and after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Finally, at the beginning of 21st century, nationalism began to integrate with religion as a result of global political changes. The terrorist attack on the United States, and then the effects that the United States and its allies have created in the widespread Muslim geography, have added new and different dimensions to nationalism. The main aim of this study is to investigate the intersection points between religion and nationalism, especially in the case of political Islam.

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Pohlman, Annie. "WOMEN AND NATIONALISM IN INDONESIA." Historia: Jurnal Pendidik dan Peneliti Sejarah 12, no. 1 (July 23, 2018): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/historia.v12i1.12114.

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Indonesia was established 65 years ago, but the progress of Indonesian nasionalism had not yet done when the independence was proclaimed. The nationalism movement in Indonesia has been growing since the early of the 20th century until today because nationalism is not static but it always changing. In the nationalism development process, women always play the basic and important role. However, in many academic discourses discussing the nationalism history, women are neglected most of the time. Women participation in the nationalism movement is rarely discussed. The gender relation and its association with the development of Indonesia development are also neglected most of the time. Therefore, women role in the nationalism movement and the women interest tend to be removed. However, women always play the central role in the nationalism movement, such as in the beginning of the 20th century, during the colonialism government and Japanese era, the Revolution era against the Dutch, and the regime of Soekarno and Soeharto era. In this article, I will focus my discussion on the women movement development since the 1920s and their role in the Reformation movement and Indonesia nationalism. This article will discuss: (1) the first discussion starts with the summary of the women movement and nationalist movement background in the twentieth century; (2) the second discussion is about the development of women movement in the Reformation era; and (3) finally, I will explore some issues that affect the discussion of the women and nationalism in the Reformation Era – the Indonesian nationalism developed by the Government utilizing the women’s body and sexuality for achieving their goal is the central issue in the discussion about the form of Indonesia nationality.

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Clark, Walter Aaron, and Tomi Makela. "Music and Nationalism in 20th-Century Great Britain and Finland." Notes 55, no. 3 (March 1999): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/900440.

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Bodrova, Anna. "Nationalism and cosmopolitanism in Slovenian literature of the 20th century." Slovenica 5 (2023): 239–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2618-8562.2023.10.

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Two tendencies are present in Slovene literature: the «defensive nationalist» one that is concerned with the construction of national identity and the «cosmopolitical» one that aims to transcend the national boundaries. The interplay of these tendencies may be found in the work of three authors: Ivan Cankar, Alma M. Karlin, Polona Glavan. These problems are considered within the framework of Benedict Anderson’s theory of nationalism. The future correlation of these two currents is offered as a theme for discussion.

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Fox, Amos. "Russo-Ukrainian Patterns of Genocide in the Twentieth Century." Journal of Strategic Security 14, no. 4 (January 2021): 56–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/1944-0472.14.4.1913.

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Russo-Ukrainian relations in the 20th Century are dominated by genocide. Using Raphel Lemkin and Martin Shaw as a guide, one finds that Russo-Ukrainian relations during the 20th Century was a long period of genocidal action, linked by periods of punctuated genocides. These genocides included several political genocides that quelled Ukrainian nationalism and independence and kept it subjugated to Soviet Russia. Soviet Russia's genocide during the 20th Century was a carryover from Imperial Russia treatment of Ukraine, the arch of which carries over into today's relations between the two countries. Understanding this long period of genocide helps make sense of the enduring relationship between the two countries.

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Figiel, Dominik. "Nacjonalistyczne koncepcje wychowania we współczesnej myśli narodowo-radykalnej." Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk 2, no. 2 (February 18, 2020): 87–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/onis2012.87.100.

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National upbringing is concentrated around 20th century national concepts and often adopts radical approaches. Nationalism, which in its essence is an ideological movement, today is per-ceived in a very negative way: by putting people at its forefront, it emphasizes their autonomy. Polish nationalism is grounded in religion, more speciﬁ cally, in Christianity with its traditionalist foundation.

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Glasser, Jonathan. "EDMOND YAFIL AND ANDALUSI MUSICAL REVIVAL IN EARLY 20TH-CENTURY ALGERIA." International Journal of Middle East Studies 44, no. 4 (October 12, 2012): 671–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743812000815.

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AbstractEdmond Yafil was a key figure in the early 20th-century Algerian revival of Andalusi music, a high-prestige urban performance tradition linked to medieval Muslim Spain. Yafil's experiments with printing, transcription, audio recording, amateur associations, concert-hall performance, and new composition helped transform the production, consumption, and circulation of Andalusi music. Although Yafil was widely respected, his reputation was fraught with ambiguity during his lifetime and has remained so since. While not divorced from his position as a Jew in turn of the century Algiers, Yafil's ambiguity is best understood within the context of the complex Andalusi musical milieu of his day. This study of Yafil shows revival to have been a gloss for a partial but far-reaching shift in the social basis of Andalusi music making and calls for a broader rethinking of the familiar concept of revival in North Africa and the Middle East and beyond.

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Iskenderov, Petr. "Main trends of the political thoughts in Albania in 20th century." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2020, no. 10_3 (October 1, 2020): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202010statyi61.

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The article focuses on the two key currents of political thought in Albania in the twentieth century - “Nolism” and “Zogism”. The author traces their influence on the modern history of Albania. Special attention is paid to the problems of Albanian nationalism.

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Kim, Sanghun. "Politics in Literature―Yugoslav Literature at the End of the 20th Century and Nationalism." Society for International Cultural Institute 15, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.34223/jic.2022.15.1.1.

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The causes of the collapse of the Yugoslav Federation can be found in many ways, but ‘nationalism’ is the most decisive. However, the issue of “should only the Serbian people be held responsible for the dissolution of Yugoslavia and the civil war?” is a very sensitive issue, and looking at the history of nationalism that existed before the formation of Yugoslavia shows that Serbia and other republics cannot be completely free from that responsibility. In this paper, we examine the historical development and characteristics of ‘nationalism’ in Yugoslavia, particularly in Serbia and Croatia, and based on this, the relationship between ‘literature’ and ‘nationalism’ in Serbia and Croatia around the 1990s. The Serbian and Croatian literary circles have clearly differentiated their position over the dissolution of Yugoslavia since 1991, while the Croatian literary community, which sought to gain independence from Yugoslavia, sought to find its national identity in literature and to make it as distinct as possible. Based on the overall position of Serbian and Croatian literary circles, we examine representative Serbian and Croatian writers who worked on literature around the breakup of Yugoslavia and the Bosnian civil war at the end of the 20th century.

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Massad, Joseph. "RASHID KHALIDI, Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997). Pp. 325. $42.00 cloth, $16.50 paper." International Journal of Middle East Studies 32, no. 2 (May 2000): 306–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800002452.

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Rashid Khalidi sets out to study the emergence of Palestinian nationalism at the dawn of the 20th century. He explores the early cultural beginnings of Palestinian identity, which precede the encounter with Zionism, and studies the different developments of Palestinian identity in light of that encounter. Whereas a large number of accounts stress that Palestinian identity developed exclusively as a result of the encounter with colonial Zionism, Khalidi sets the record straight. In line with predominant theories of nationalism, Khalidi demonstrates that national identities are defined in relation to an other. Palestine identity, which as early as 1701 manifested itself against a hostile European Christianity, remained Jerusalem-centered until the beginning of the 20th century. That is when a modern Palestinian nationalism was emerging, before the encounter with British colonialism and Zionist settler colonialism changed the configuration of both the Palestinian self and its other. Khalidi charts the changes in the forms of knowledge that the Palestinian intelligentsia was acquiring in the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries, noting the shift from Islamic studies to modern social science and the humanities. Through an inventory of Palestinian libraries, Khalidi carefully chronicles these changes in forms of knowledge, correlating them with the new and emerging political ideas in the country.

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Hong, Sogu. "Ukrainian Nationalism in the 19th and the Beginning of 20th Century." East European and Balkan Institute 44, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 159–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.19170/eebs.2020.44.1.159.

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Samarskaia, L. M. "Arab Nationalism in Palestine in the Beginning of the 20th Century." MGIMO Review of International Relations 12, no. 4 (September 9, 2019): 54–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2019-4-67-54-71.

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The article is dedicated to the emergence of the Arab national movement at the beginning of the 20th century. This topic is still relevant in our days since revealing the origins of political and social processes in the Middle East of the 21st century is necessary for their understanding. The main issues which are considered by the author are the following: which factors had crucial influence on the emergence of Arab nationalism (panarabism as well as regionalism), when exactly it was formed and what were the specifics of its emergence in Palestine.The author defines three main periods in the genesis and formation of the Arab national movement at the beginning of the 20th century. The first is the Nahda, the Arab cultural revival of the second half of the 19th century, which became a foundation for the later development of nationalist ideas. However, the author tries to show that the cultural revival itself was not nationalistic. The second key period is the political expression of the Arab national movement in the first decades of the 20th century, with the ottomanist and later pan-Turkist policy of the Ottoman government having the decisive influence. This policy was nationalist in essence. Zionism, as noted in the text, was not such an important issue for the nascent pan-Arab movement before the First World War, although it caused concern among the locals in Palestine. The third key stage, that was decisive in the Arab national development, is the Great Arab Revolt, which, despite the fact that it was not massive and universal, forced the pan-Arab movement enter the international arena for it attracted the attention of the great powers – mainly with the help of McMahon–Hussein correspondence. In result, during the postwar settlement, pan-Arabism became more popular and internationally recognised phenomenon, although eventually it happened to be divided into a multitude of regional movements, in particular – Palestinian nationalism fostered by the Anglo-French division of influence zones in the Middle East.In general, the formation of the Arab national movement was a multidimensional and gradual phenomenon influenced by a variety of factors. At the same time, the emergence of the regional groups had its own specifics; originally belonging to the Pan-Arab movement, although with their own features, after the First World War these groups became largely independent.

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Shin, Hyunho. "Aspects of Nationalism in Yeats and Tagore around the 20th Century." Yeats Journal of Korea 66 (December 30, 2021): 201–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14354/yjk.2021.66.201.

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KIM, TaeHoon. "Nationalism Education in Korea in the Beginning of the 20th Century." Comparative Education 1990, no. 16 (1990): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5998/jces.1990.125.

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Walid, Benaissa. "THE SPECIFICS OF THE FORMATION OF MODERN ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION IN ALGERIA." Architectural Bulletin of KNUCA, no. 22-23 (December 12, 2021): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2519-8661.2021.22-23.71-77.

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The process of formation of a modern architectural school in Algeria, which took place during the last third of the 19th and 20th centuries, and led to the emergence of new approaches and principles in the field of its application, is considered. The article presents the results of a historical analysis of the evolution of the educational model of Algeria in the field of architecture, which depended on the political and socio-cultural influence of the metropolis on the development of the architectural knowledge of the colonial region. The author also considers the paths along which the formation of architectural education and its formation at the beginning of the 20th century took place during the late 19th century. It is analyzed that the training of Algerian architects during the French colonization took place within the local culture, which affected the further independent direction of the development of the architectural school of Algeria. It is analyzed that the architectural education of Algeria since the signing of the Evian Agreements is associated with the nature of the activities of architects and the expectations from their preparation, a combination of artistic ability and constructive technical knowledge. The article examines the influence of modernism as a social project, reflecting the advanced social reformist ideas of its time, on the rethinking of the professional training of architects in Algeria. The contribution of the leading representatives of modernist architecture to the renewal of the artistic language of architecture in Algeria is also considered: the social attitudes of modernist architects contributed to the principled attitude towards novelty in architecture and architectural education.

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Kislitsin, Sergey A., and Saryn V. Kuchinsky. "Failed projects of cossack nationalism ideology in the first half of the 20th century." Historical and social-educational ideas 13, no. 2 (April 29, 2021): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.17748/2075-9908-2021-13-2-99-111.

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The article examines four projects of the ideology of Cossack nationalism in the first half of the 20th century in the context of the history of the Cossacks at the pre-revolutionary stage, the functioning of the "All-Great Don Army" during the Civil War, the formation of the emigrant community of the 1920s-1930s, and the emergence of Cossack collaboration during the Great Patriotic War. As an ideological trend, Cossack nationalism was formed on the Don in the first half of the 20th century, even before the revolutionary events of 1917, based on the works of Cossack historians, writers, and publicists. The totality of the nationalist ideas of the Cossack patriots was caused by the general crisis of the class system, the collapse of the Russian Empire, the subsequent raskazachivanie, the emigration of part of the Cossacks and other tragic events for the Cossacks. The main ideologist and practitioner of Cossack nationalism, Ataman Krasnov, was rejected by the White Cossack Military Circle during the Civil War, and after the Second World War was executed in Moscow for treason to the Russian people. At no stage in the development of Russian statehood did the projects of Cossack nationalism receive a logical conclusion in the form of a Cossack political party and in principle were not supported by the broad masses of the Cossacks and, moreover, by the entire Russian people, but the recognition of this fact does not mean the rejection of the Cossack identity. The Cossack idea as a symbol of Russian patriotism has every right to exist in modern conditions.

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S.V., Rybalkin. "Specific features of the free verse in Algeria in the 20th century." Journal of Oriental Studies 74, no. 4 (2015): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/jos-2015-4-732.

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Fokin, S. "CHARLES MAURRAS AND THE LITERATURE OF ACTION FRANCAISE." Voprosy literatury, no. 1 (September 30, 2018): 270–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2018-1-270-295.

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The paper sets out to examine the literary impulses at the heart of Charles Maurras’ (1868-1952) philosophy, namely, the doctrine of integral nationalism, which signified French literary nationalism in the 20th century. The author finds that, in Maurras’ view, the concept of ‘integral’ was inseparable from the ‘monarchy’, with the latter destined to blend together the real social oppositions spawned by various anarchies, be it political, religious, familial, university-based, economic or even literary ones.

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Streltsov, Alexey. "Afrikaner Nationalism in the Political Life of the Union of South Africa in the First Third of the 20th Century." Uchenie zapiski Instituta Afriki RAN 59, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 74–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31132/2412-5717-2022-59-2-74-87.

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The purpose of the article is to trace the formation and development of Afrikaner nationalism, which played an important role in the political life of the Union of South Africa in the first third of the 20th century; to find out the origins of the formation of Afrikaner nationalism and what factors influenced this formation; to analyze which groups of the white population of the Union of South Africa were close to the ideas of Afrikaner nationalism, to show how Afrikaner nationalism diverged from other ideologies in the Union of South Africa and how it influenced the political life of the dominion, how it influenced the relations of the Union of South Africa with Great Britain and, consequently, the formation of the British Commonwealth. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that nationalism is still an ideology that unites various social groups in many countries of the world. The conditions for the formation of Afrikaner nationalism are similar to the conditions for the formation of nationalism of other ethnic groups.

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Bilenky, Serhiy. "Children of Rus’: From the Little Russian Idea to the Russian World." Russian History 42, no. 4 (November 27, 2015): 425–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18763316-04204001.

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This is a review of a book that traces the rise of Russian nationalism in Russia’s “southwestern borderlands” during the long 19th century. What gave rise to it was the so-called “Little Russian idea” that emphasized the existence of the Russian Orthodox organic nation that had originated in the right bank of the Dnieper. The elements of that idea survived well into the 20th century.

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Çelik, Ercüment. "The “labour aristocracy” in the early 20th-century South Africa." Chinese Sociological Dialogue 2, no. 1-2 (June 2017): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2397200917715647.

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Drawing on a review of key literature, this article analyses the labour aristocracy in early 20th-century South Africa, going beyond traditional conceptual and territorial boundaries created through a methodological nationalism and Eurocentrism since the emergence of labour history as an academic discipline. It identifies some key dimensions attributed to the labour aristocracy in mainstream approaches that focused on Victorian and Edwardian Britain, and attempts to illustrate how these could be considered in analysing the particular South African case. The article mainly focuses on how the understanding of labour aristocracy would be reconstructed by demonstrating an aristocracy of labour that merges with an aristocracy of colour in South Africa.

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김소영. "Korean Intellectuals’ Concepts of Patriotism and Nationalism in the Early 20th Century." CONCEPT AND COMMUNICATION ll, no. 16 (December 2015): 197–236. http://dx.doi.org/10.15797/concom.2015..16.005.

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조립신. "Analysis of Network Nationalism in China from 1990s of the 20th Century." Journal of North-east Asian Cultures 1, no. 27 (June 2011): 393–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.17949/jneac.1.27.201106.022.

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O'Connor, James. "20th century limited: Capital, labor, and bureaucracy in the age of nationalism∗." Capitalism Nature Socialism 5, no. 3 (September 1994): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10455759409358595.

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Sarkar, Sumit. "Nationalism and poverty: discourses of development and culture in 20th century India." Third World Quarterly 29, no. 3 (April 2008): 429–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01436590801931421.

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Alexey, Ipatov. "Nationalism and Cosmopolitanism as Appraised by the Orthodox Church Authors." Almanac “Essays on Conservatism” 1 (February 1, 2022): 388–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24030/24092517-2022-0-1-388-391.

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“The Orthodox Church and Russian Nationalism (the second half of the 19th – early 20th century)” anthology compiled by a team of historians from St. Petersburg, reflects the views existing among Orthodox church authors of the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries on the correlation of patriotism, nationalism, cosmopolitanism, national and universal characters of the Church and the polemics that existed at that time on the issue. The research priorities of the authors, their excellent knowledge of the material, successful selection of the texts or the fragments thereof, coupled with no ready-made conclusions, allow the readers to significantly expand their understanding of such an important research field and take this or that position themselves.

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Batrawy, Mustafa. "The Political Positions of the Algerian Elite at The Beginning of The 20th Century." Journal of AlMaarif University College 34, no. 1 (February 27, 2023): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.51345/.v34i1.663.g333.

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The beginning of the twentieth century in Algeria witnessed the decline and decline of popular resistance with the crystallization of the demands of the Algerian youth, especially after the year 1912, when their demands and discourses began to take a political character by rejecting the exceptional measures related to forced conscription while demanding equality and inclusion in the hope of improving the general conditions of Algerians. The problem of this research falls within the first axis of the forum, which revolves around the classical political discourse and the historical study in its part related to the similarities of political discourse and the revolutionary movement in Algeria before independence. In research on the nature of the political discourse of the national elite in its opposition to the French colonial authorities Especially when she expressed her position on forced conscription and the extent of its impact on the political discourse that the national movement will adopt in its various directions later on.

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Sheremet, Viacheslav. "Marxism, nationalism and modernization processes in Eastern Europe in the middle of 19th – early 20th century." Universum Historiae et Archeologiae 3, no. 2 (December 29, 2020): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/26200213.

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The aim of the article is to elucidate the impact of Marxism and Nationalism on modernization processes in Eastern Europe from the perspective of their formation and mutual influence. Research methods: synthesis, induction, analysis, retrospective. Main results. During research we studied programs of both ideologies and compared their distinctive traits. Through analysis oftheoretical patterns of nationalism movements, different theories of public modernization and European point of view about backwardness, we found that Nationalism and Marxism significantly diverged around the role of statehood in culture and political changes. For Nationalism – state was the main aim and, simultaneously, result of nationalist movement activity. Further progress of nation was related to national state, which could provide certain conditions for cultural and economic development. Statehood in Marxists views was unwelcome; changes in society were related to social revolutionary movements without creation new state formations. State’s participation in transformation processes was, in theory, different for both ideologies. But when communists seized a power in the former Russian Empire, they faced a necessity of making their own statehood with its national policy. In fact, Nationalism became an artificial method on the way towards modernization of society. In conclusion, Eastern Europe modernization happened due to unification of communist and nationalist political thought. Scientific novelty of the paper is explained by analysis of works by Austrian Marxists, who made a theory for Soviet national policy. We explain this point by comparing some Austrian ideas to J. Stalin’s view on national question. The author also advocates the idea of existence some nationalistic traits during socialistic modernization in the USSR. Practical value of the research is a creation of background for studying Soviet ideology from new point of view. Type of article: empirical research.

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Sun, Yuan, Su Bin Xu, and Tian Jie Zhang. "The Establishment of Zhongshan Park and its Connotation of Cultural De-Colonization." Advanced Materials Research 368-373 (October 2011): 3469–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.368-373.3469.

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De-colonization is an integrated part of modernization of the process of the 20th century in the world. It can be understood as a process which embodies two parallel movements-the colonized people’s struggle for independence and the colonial metropolitan country’s reaction. This paper takes the Zhongshan Park (formal Quanye Expo) in Tianjin’s Chinese settlements as a specific case and investigates the interplay between native culture and colonial culture in the park building process. Through investigating the Chinese Municipal Parks, the paper elucidates the conflicts between colonialism and nationalism contextualized in Sino-West cultural encounters, and reveals the Chinese efforts for cultural de-colonization in early 20th century.

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Peña Torres, Jessica. "La Liga de la Decencia: Performing 20th Century Mexican History in 21st Century Texas." Arts 13, no. 2 (February 27, 2024): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts13020047.

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This article describes the development and public performances of La Liga de la Decencia, a new play presented as part of the 2023 New Works Festival at the University of Texas at Austin. Inspired by the cabaret scene and teatro de revista of the 1940s in Mexico City, La Liga de la Decencia combines live performance and video art to explore how hegemonic gender and social norms shaped by the emergent nationalism of postrevolutionary Mexico continue to oppress femme and queer bodies today across the US–Mexico border. Through satire, parody, and dance, La Liga de la Decencia problematizes the social, class, and gender norms as established by the cultural elite and the state. Following research-based theatre as an inquiry process, this article describes how writing and directing this play allowed for a deeper understanding of the dynamics of a historical period. By mixing facts, fiction, and critical commentary, La Liga de la Decencia investigates history through embodiment.

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Deans, Phil. "Nationalism and National Self-Assertion in the People's Republic of China: State Patriotism versus Popular Nationalism?" Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies 21 (March 10, 2005): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.22439/cjas.v21i0.39.

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Nationalism and national self-assertion have been core values of the Chinese Communist Party throughout its history and also represent a key narrative of Chinese history in the 20th century, although the social bases from which the nationalism derives and the manner in which this nationalism is expressed have changed over time. From the 1990s onwards, the party-state's prefferred discourse on nationalism has been couched in terms of patriotism, while a popular nationalism has emerged, which at times goes beyond and challenges that of the party-state. The implications of this are addressed in the present paper wiht regard to the PRC's relations with Taiwan and Japan and with regard to the debate on ideology and Asian Values. It is argued that rising popular nationalism increasingly challenges state autonomy in the first two areas, but tends to be supportive of the state with regard to the third.

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Tam, Ngo Thi Thanh. "The Nationalistic Ideology of Huynh Thuc Khang (1876-1947)." EAS Journal of Humanities and Cultural Studies 5, no. 05 (October 24, 2023): 302–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easjhcs.2023.v05i05.010.

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Nationalism has always been a topic of interest in the field of cultural and historical studies. In this study, through the use of document analysis, approaching from a cultural perspective, we will explore the vital aspects of this ideology through the case of a famous cultural figure in Vietnam in the early 20th century, Huynh Thuc Khang (1876 - 1947). We focused on surveying a number of articles published in the newspaper Tieng Dan (1927 - 1943) to identify three main aspects of Huynh Thuc Khang's nationalism ideology: national pride; acknowledgement of national sovereignty and self-reliance.

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PASHAYİ, Mohammad Reza, and Timuçin KODAMAN. "The Transition from Nationalism to Islamism in Iran’s Foreign Policy." Aurum Journal of Social Sciences 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2023): 229–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.62393/aurum.1368703.

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The 1979 Iranian Revolution is a multifaceted phenomenon with intricate causes, complex evolution and far-reaching outcomes. Rooted in the Constitutional Revolution of the early 20th century and the rise to power of the Ayatollahs, its beginnings are distinct but interconnected. Unlike many revolutions of the 20th century, the 1979 Iranian Revolution was a departure from the socialist or communist model and manifested itself as a revolt against both Western and Eastern systems, with unique outcomes. The 1979 Revolution shook a traditional and established order and paved the way for the rise of Islamism within a new political framework. This ideology, like its predecessors, adopted a singular leadership based on religious doctrine. To differentiate itself from global and regional powers and focus on its unique revolution, the Iranian regime shaped a foreign policy summarized by the slogan “neither East nor West, the Islamic Republic” and aimed to export this ideology globally. The policy focused primarily on political and ideological interests, resulting in permanent sanctions imposed by the United States. This economic aspect contributes to the changes in Iran’s foreign policy towards the United States, from pre-revolutionary Persian nationalism to post-Revolutionary political Islam, emphasizing its strength and adaptability in the face of external pressures.

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Kiknadze, V. G. "How the Ideas of Nationalism and Neo-Fascism are Taking Hold of the Masses." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 13, no. 1 (May 5, 2023): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2023-13-1-91-97.

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The paper presents an analysis of the genesis of German Fascism and Nazism. The ways and factors (socio-economic, the role of education, the position of the Church) that contributed to the wild spread of the extremist ideology of Nazism and racism among the masses of the German people are examined. Having formed a hatred of Russians, Soviet “subhumans” and fanatical devotion, the German people provided the ideological basis for the genocide of the Soviet people during the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945. The continuity of the ideas of extreme Russophobia and genocide against Russians between the Third Reich and the criminal Kiev regime, between the German Nazism and the Ukrainian Nazism of the XXI century has been revealed. The article shows the similarities in the methods of zombifying people with the ideas of Nazism in Germany in the first half of the 20th century and in Ukraine in the late 20th — early decades of the 21st century. It is noted that the national (state) historical discourse plays a very important role in protecting the consciousness of the people from the impact of destructive ideologies.

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Fahmy, Ziad. "MEDIA-CAPITALISM: COLLOQUIAL MASS CULTURE AND NATIONALISM IN EGYPT, 1908–18." International Journal of Middle East Studies 42, no. 1 (January 14, 2010): 103a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743809990833.

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In Egypt, during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, older, fragmented, and more localized forms of identity were rapidly replaced with new alternative concepts of community, which for the first time had the capacity to collectively encompass the majority of Egyptians. This article is about the growth of Egyptian national identity from 1908 until 1918. It highlights the importance of previously neglected colloquial Egyptian sources—especially recorded music and vaudeville—in examining modern Egyptian history. Through the lens of colloquial mass culture, the study traces the development of collective Egyptian identity during the first quarter of the 20th century. This article also engages with some of the theories of nationalism and tests their applicability to Egypt. Finally, it introduces the concept of “media-capitalism” in an effort to expand the historical analysis of nationalism beyond print.

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Dayioğlu, Attila Gökhun. "Hungarian Nationalism and Hungarian Pan-Turanism until the Beginning of the Second World War." Politics in Central Europe 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 225–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pce-2022-0010.

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Abstract After the Napoleonic Wars in the 19th century, the development and spread of nationalism in Europe began to accelerate. The development of the national consciousness of the peoples living under the domination of the empires in Europe damaged the legitimacy of the empires in Europe and started to threaten the existence of the empires in Europe. These nationalist movements especially affected the Habsburg Empire, the Ottoman Empire and the Russian Tsardom, and these regions became areas of nationalist conflict.1 The word ‘Turan’, which is used to describe the Central Asian lands where Turkish tribes live, gained its ideological meaning in the 19th and 20th centuries. ‘Turanism’, which started to gain its ideological meaning in the second half of the 19th century in Hungary, which can be defined as an Asian country in the middle of Europe, has become an ideology identified with Hungarians, Hungarian nationalism and the Hungarian awakening. ‘Hungarian Turanism’, which has undergone many changes in its ideological depiction, was born and strengthened from the search for national identity among economic and social problems in Hungary, which is considered an ‘insecure’ society in Europe due to the threats of Slavic and Germanic elements. Hungarian nationalism and Hungarian identity, which were shaped in an ethnocultural context, evolved from a liberal/political basis to an ethnocultural and pan-nationalist practice. Especially at the beginning of the 20th century, the ‘Hungarian Turanism’ ideology, which started to strengthen with the Hungarian elites and intellectuals focusing on Hungarian national interests, culture and expansionist policies against external threats, led to the emergence of a new nationalism movement, Pan-Turanism. Hungarian nationalism and ‘Hungarian Turanism’ ideology, which started to develop and transform on different grounds, especially after the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, became stronger in the interwar period after the First World War and became an important part of the fascist Hungarian parties supported by Nazi Germany during the Second World War.

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Kellas, James G. "The national question: nationalism, ethnic conflict and self-determination in the 20th century." International Affairs 72, no. 3 (July 1996): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2625561.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nationalism – algeria – 20th century'

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