Journal articles on the topic 'National parks and reserves – Montana'
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1
Marcum, C., Daniel Pletscher, and Michael Bureau. "Gray Wolf Prey Base Ecology in the North Fork of the Flathead River Drainage." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 14 (January 1, 1990): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1990.2873.
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The overall objective of this two-year investigation is to study gray wolf (Canis lupus): ungulate interrelationships in a multi-prey system. This study focuses on elk (Cervus elaphus), and is being conducted in the North Fork of the Flathead River drainage, in Montana and British Columbia, the main area of grey wolf recovery.We address questions that resource managers will be asked as wolf recovery occurs. From a National Park Service perspective, the results could be used to educate the public about the role of predation in natural systems. Glacier National Park has the opportunity to lead the way in conducting research on this keystone predator and its prey, and to demonstrate the role biosphere reserves can play in ecological research. Information that will be important for future informed resource management is being gathered. Management of public lands might require a balance accommodation between wolves, their prey, and sport hunting, along with other forms of recreation. The Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks needs information on the impacts of wolves on game populations in order to maintain numbers and recreational opportunities. As reintroduction of wolves in Yellowstone National Park is considered and debated, knowledge gained from this study will be helpful. Finally, this study can expand ecological knowledge of the role of a major predator on the prey population dynamics and interrelationships. To expand knowledge of the study area prey base available to wolves, these specific parameters will be addressed: 1. Age and cause-specific mortality of elk. 2. Seasonal distribution and key elk seasonal use areas. 3. Age, sex distribution/composition of the elk population. 4. Long-term elk abundance and distribution monitoring plan.
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ARIYARATHNE, W. A. M. P., DEEPTHI YAKANDAWALA, ROSABELLE SAMUEL, and SIRIL WIJESUNDARA. "Evaluating the occurrence and conservation statuses of Sri Lankan Orchids (Orchidaceae): Observations on newly recorded species and undocumented regions." Phytotaxa 308, no. 1 (June 2, 2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.308.1.3.
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Sri Lanka is a country with unique landscapes and positioning. Its land profile varies from coastal areas through lowland hills to central montane region, and the climatic zones governed by seasonal monsoons results in a significantly high biodiversity. Sri Lanka together with Western Ghats is a biodiversity hot spot among the 35 regions known worldwide. Sri Lanka harbors 3154 species of which 894 are endemics belonging to different angiosperm families. The orchid flora of the country, with 189 known species including 55 endemics is one that contributes very much for this high endemism. However 70.6% are currently listed as nationally threatened species during National Red listing in 2012. The present study was conducted to investigate the current status and occurrence of species of the family Orchidaceae within and outside the conservation areas including few unexplored/ undocumented regions in the country. Field visits were carried out mainly focusing on the flowering seasons. Fourteen different sites including Forest Reserves, Sanctuaries, Strict Nature Reserves and Wildlife Parks were taken into consideration during this study. Observations were made in the field and locations recorded, collected data were tabulated and compared with available information. The observation made during the present study would make a large contribution for updating the conservation status of orchids at national and global level red listing.
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Sannikov, Pavel Yu, and Pavel N. Bakharev. "Evaluation of conservation significance of protected area (example of «Visherskiy» state nature reserve)." Anthropogenic Transformation of Nature 9, no. 2 (2023): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2410-8553-2023-2-7-22.
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There are many ways to assess the impact of protected area (PA) in the conservation of the natural environ-ment. Some of them are based on information about the flora and fauna, soils, water bodies, climatic processes and phe-nomena; others – on landscape, spatial, ecosystem data. The generalization of the existing approaches into a single scheme for assessing the environmental significance of protected areas is considered as an urgent task, both from a theoretical and practical point of view. The proposed methodology is based on a set of typical open data sources, including both research by inside and outside scientific teams, and stock, statistical information published by government authorities. It allows to apply the methodolody to any protected area with an average and high degree of knowledge’s state. The im-portance of each protected area is proposed to be considered at least at 3 levels: regional, national and global. The pro-posed methodology includes the identification of the value of protected areas in terms of conservation of biota, abiotic components, natural complexes, maintaining ecological balance. In the second part of the article, the approach is applied on the example of the «Visherskiy State Nature Reserve». At the regional level, the «Visherskiy State Nature Reserve» is the most valuable protected area in the Perm region. For example, more than 30% of all species of fungi, vascular plants, fish and more than 50-60% of lichens, bryophytes and mammals found in the Kama region, live in the «Visherskiy» State Nature Reserve. In Russia and Europe, the role of Visherskiy Reserve can be characterized as significant, and in certain parameters (for example, as a site for the conservation of the largest group of Thymallus thymallus), as crucial. At the world level, the «Visherskiy State Nature Reserve» is distinguished by the preservation of the natural environment of the Urals montane tundra and taiga of the Global200 ecoregion, the southern part of a large intact forest landscape and the presence of three globally rare species (Hucho taimen, Emberiza rustica, Rangifer tarandus). There are few promising directions for the development of the methodology: improvement of approaches to the assessment of natural complexes in climate formation, the identification of valuable hydrological (surface and underground) objects. It is also interesting to carry out assessments of other reserves, national parks, and other large protected areas, which will make it possible to compare them in detail with each other. Inflow by some new information (the distribution of rare ecosystems, numerical data on the intensity of material circulation, some poorly studied groups of biota) in the future will provide an opportunity for a more complete assessment of the conservation significance of the «Visherskiy» State Nature Reserve.
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Wescott, Geoffrey Charles. "Australia's Distinctive National Parks System." Environmental Conservation 18, no. 4 (1991): 331–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s037689290002258x.
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Australia possesses a distinctive national parks and conservation reserves system, in which it is the State Governments rather than the Federal Government which owns, plans, and manages, national parks and other conservation reserves.Most Australian States declared their first national parks in the latter quarter of last century, Australia's first national park being declared in New South Wales in March 1879. These critical declarations were followed by a slow accumulation of parks and reserves through to 1968. The pace of acquisition then quickened dramatically with an eight-fold expansion in the total area of national parks between 1968 and 1990, at an average rate of over 750,000 ha per annum. The present Australian system contains 530 national parks covering 20.18 million hectares or 2.6% of the land-mass. A further 28.3 million hectares is protected in other parks and conservation reserves. In terms of the percentage of their land-mass now in national parks, the leading States are Tasmania (12.8%) and Victoria (10.0%), with Western Australia (1.9%) and Queensland (2.1%) trailing far behind, and New South Wales (3.92%) and South Australia (3.1%) lying between.The Australian system is also compared with the Canadian and USA systems. All three are countries of widely comparable cultures that have national parks covering similar percentage areas, but Canada and the USA have far fewer national parks than Australia and they are in general of much greater size. In addition, Canada and the USA ‘resource’ these parks far better than the Australians do theirs. The paper concludes that Australia needs to rationalize its current system by introducing direct funding, by the Federal Government, of national park management, and duly examining the whole system of reserves from a national rather than States' viewpoint.
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Kimeto, Janet C., and Kezia Herman Mkwizu. "Sustainability of national parks and game reserves during the Covid-19 pandemic in Kenya." JOURNAL OF TOURISM, CULINARY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP (JTCE) 3, no. 1 (April 27, 2023): 85–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.37715/jtce.v3i1.3677.
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This paper is to explore sustainability of national parks and game reserves in Kenya. Objectives are to examine the responsibility of tourism stakeholders in sustainability of national parks and game reserves during the Covid-19; explore the benefit and cost of tourism of parks and game reserves during the Covid-19; and explore the mitigating measures by tourism stakeholders on issues affecting wildlife in parks and game reserves during the Covid-19 pandemic. The methodology is based on a literature review method by deploying a systematic literature review. The findings indicated that as much as tourism is globally seen as an income generator and foreign exchange earner but was worst hit by the pandemic. If the effects of the pandemic are not mitigated early, then the effects are harmful to the resources and environment. Tourism stakeholders should ensure posterity and fame of parks and game reserves are sustained. This paper provides information on the responsibilities of tourism stakeholders in the sustainability of parks and game reserves in Kenya as a tourism destination. The outcome of this paper implies that the tourism stakeholders may look into ways of mitigating the negative effects of tourism in the Covid-19 to ensure sustainability in the post- Covid -19 pandemic.
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Lama, Sony, Jingjing Zhang, and Xiaofeng Luan. "Evaluating the Conservation Status and Effectiveness of Multi-Type Protected Areas for Carbon Sequestration in the Loess Plateau, China." Atmosphere 15, no. 7 (June 27, 2024): 764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos15070764.
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Evaluating the conservation effectiveness of multiple types of protected areas (PAs) on carbon sequestration services can enhance the role of PAs in mitigating global warming. Here, we evaluated the conservation status and effectiveness of national parks, nature reserves, forest parks, geo-parks, and scenic spots on carbon sequestration within the Loess Plateau throughout 2000–2020. The results show that all existing PA types have good representation and conservation effectiveness on carbon sequestration. Nature reserves are the most representative of carbon sequestration but are the least effective in protecting carbon sequestration and are the only ones that are weekly effective in protecting critical carbon sequestration. The main factors influencing these results are PA size, 2000 precipitation, slope, change rate of evapotranspiration, PA rank, and 2000 evapotranspiration. We suggest upgrading the critical carbon sequestration distribution areas in scenic spots, forest parks and geo-parks to national parks or nature reserves in the future and implementing appropriate protection and restoration measures in low carbon sequestration areas within grassland and wild plant nature reserves to help achieve the goal of carbon neutrality early.
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Khudoba, V. "Representation analysis of large reserves units network in Western Volyn-Podillia region." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 39 (December 15, 2011): 364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2011.39.2197.
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The article is dedicated to the analysis of the network of reserves, national parks and regional landscape parks in Western Volyn-Podillia region. The research has determined their level of representation of nature-territorial complexes of the region itself. It has been suggested in the article to optimize these objects in order to increase their representation by means of creating more regional landscape parks. Key words: nature reserves stock, natural reserve, national park, regional landscape park, natureterritorial complexes.
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CHETVERIKOV, B., and A. KOSTYANCHUK. "Method of mapping of the national parks and protected areas of Ukraine using GIS technology." Modern achievements of geodesic science and industry 42, no. II (September 1, 2021): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.33841/1819-1339-2-42-84-91.
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Aim. The aim of the work is to create a thematic map of National Parks and protected areas of Ukraine using GIS technologies. The objectives of the work are to propose a technological scheme of mapping of National parks and protected areas of Ukraine using GIS technologies and to describe the methodology of this mapping. Method. The first step was to search for input data and analyze them. Since the data was obtained from free online services, their geometric correction did not make sense, as they were already bound in the coordinate system WGS_1984. The following 11 layers were then vectorized: nature reserves, biosphere reserves, nature parks, regional landscape parks, reserves, natural monuments, protected tracts, botanical gardens, dendrological parks, zoological parks, parks-monuments of landscape art. An attribute database with the following structure is created for each vector layer: Name – name of the protected area, Oblast – location (region of Ukraine), Area – area of the territory (ha), Type – type of protected area according to the classification. Different symbols of protected objects are designed for each vector layer. In the future, it is planned to compile an atlas of National Parks and Protected Areas of Ukraine based on the created GIS. Results. As a result of this goal, we obtained a thematic map of National Parks and protected areas of Ukraine, which consists of 11 vector layers according to the classification of nature reserves of Ukraine and contains 1204 objects for which the corresponding attribute tables have been created. Practical significance. The practical significance of this work is quite high, because orderly, systematized spatial and attributive information will: help in resolving issues of land management and recreation; improving management efficiency; to promote the provision and development of scientific activity; to improve the information and educational functioning of the objects of the nature reserve fund, etc.
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Aschenbrand, Erik, and Thomas Michler. "Why Do UNESCO Biosphere Reserves Get Less Recognition than National Parks? A Landscape Research Perspective on Protected Area Narratives in Germany." Sustainability 13, no. 24 (December 10, 2021): 13647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132413647.
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This paper explores how landscape research can contribute to our understanding of why integrated protected area concepts like biosphere reserves get less recognition than national parks. In this regard, we analysed policy documents and online communication of biosphere reserves and national parks, conducted qualitative interviews with conservation professionals and volunteers as well as participant observation in order to identify and compare narratives that guide the communication and perception of both protected area categories. The results show how national parks offer a clear interpretation of space by building on landscape stereotypes and creating landscape legibility and experience-ability through touristification. National Parks also experience conflicts about proper management and combine a variety of goals, often including regional development. Nevertheless, their narrative is unambiguous and powerful. Biosphere reserves, on the other hand, have an image problem that is essentially due to the difficulty of communicating their objectives. They confront the difficult task of creating a vision that combines development and conservation while integrating contrarious landscape stereotypes. We argue for a fundamental engagement with protected area narratives, as this improves understanding of protected areas’ transformative potential.
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Eckelbecker, Robert W., Nathaniel M. Heili, Christopher S. Guy, and David A. Schmetterling. "Relative Condition Parameters for Fishes of Montana, USA." Fishes 8, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes8010028.
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Body condition indices are commonly used in the management of fish populations and are a surrogate to physiological attributes such as tissue-energy reserves. Relative condition factor (Kn) describes the condition of species relative to populations in a geographic area. We developed models to allow for the calculation of Kn in Montana, USA by using the weight–length data collected by Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks. We generated log10weight–log10length relationships to obtain Montana specific parameter estimates for relative condition equations (W′) for 51 species and three subspecies. We developed separate models by water type (e.g., lotic and lentic) and sex for five species due to varying growth based on sexual dimorphism and varying ecosystem types. Relative condition offers the advantage of describing body condition relative to species in Montana, provides a condition index for species that do not have standard-weight models developed for relative weight (Wr), and affords more information for the global database on weight–length relationships of fishes.
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TSARYK, Lyubomyr, and Ihor KUZYK. "RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR: ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECT." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 53, no. 2 (November 17, 2022): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.22.2.13.
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According to the results of the study of the nature protection aspect of the russian-Ukrainian war, it was established that since 2014, the russian federation illegally captured and destroyed about 500 objects of the nature reserve fund of Ukraine, with a total area of over 1.2 million hectares. Came under occupation 3 Biosphere Reserves, 14 Nature Reserves, 19 National Natural Parks, dozens Regional Landscape Parks, hundreds Reserves, Sights Nature, Reserve Tracts, Botanical gardens, Dendrological parks, Zoological parks and Parks-sights of garden and park art. Famous protected objects suffered from russian military aggression: Biosphere Reserve «Askania-Nova», Chornomorskyi Biosphere Reserve, National Natural Parks «Slobozhanskyi», «Gomilshan Lisy», «Svyati Hory», «Meotida», «Oleshkivsʹki Pisky», Nature Reserve «Khomutovsky Step». Practically all types of biodiversity in the protected areas have been destroyed, unique landscapes are disturbed, the scientific achievements of specialists of nature-reserved objects were liquidated or exported. Cases of mining of protected areas have been recorded, uncontrolled deforestation, destruction of rare species of flora and fauna, etc.
At the first stage of military aggression, in 2014, russia illegally occupied 100% of the natural reserve fund of the Crimean peninsula, 25.2% of the nature reserve fund of Donetsk region and 23.8% of the nature reserve fund of Luhansk region. In the second stage of aggression and full-scale war against Ukraine, from February 24, 2022, the russian federation completely seized all territories and objects of the nature reserve fund of Donetsk and Luhansk regions, as well as a significant part of valuable nature conservation of Kyiv, Sumy, Chernihiv, Kharkiv, Zaporizhzhia, and Kherson regions. As of September 1, 2022, a large part of the territory of Ukraine, including nature conservation areas, is freed from occupation. But it is still quite difficult to assess the damage caused to the national nature reserve fund. Therefore, the prospect of further scientific-practical research remains the assessment of damage caused to protected objects and territories in the east and south of Ukraine.
Key words: war, russian aggression, national natural parks, nature reserves, biosphere reserves, flora, fauna.
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Mordi, A. Richard. "The Future of Animal Wildlife and Its Habitat in Botswana." Environmental Conservation 16, no. 2 (1989): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900008924.
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To conserve its wildlife, Botswana has set aside more than 17% of its total land area as game reserves, national parks, and wildlife management areas. Despite this generous allocation to wildlife, the fauna of the country is declining in both absolute numbers and species diversity. Lack of permanent water-sources in some game reserves, obstruction of fauna migration routes by cattle fences, and a poorly-developed tourist industry, are partly responsible for this decline.In a developing country such as Botswana, tourism should yield sufficient funds for the maintenance of game reserves and national parks. But currently the tourist industry accounts for less than 2% of the gross national product. Unless the industry is encouraged to flourish and expand into dormant reserves such as the Gemsbok National Park and Mabuasehube Game Reserve, animals in those sanctuaries are likely to be driven by drought into South Africa.
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Dubуna, D. V., P. M. Ustymenko, L. P. Vakarenko, B. O. Baranovski, L. O. Karmyzova, and I. A. Ivanko. "Rare plant gene pool of the Steppe of Ukraine in the war zone." Ecology and Noospherology 34, no. 1 (April 14, 2023): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/032302.
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The results of field and camera studies on the collection and compilation of information on the presence of rare, endangered, and typical natural plant groups that are subject to protection in the territories of nature reserves in the war zone and occupied territories are presented. It was established that two biosphere reserves (BZ) (40% of the total number), 9 nature reserves (PZ) (45%) 10 national natural parks (NPP) (17%) and 23 regional landscape parks (RLP) (30%), 48 protected tracts (6%), 48 reserves of national importance (15%). In addition, a number of protected areas were in the war zone and have now been liberated from occupation, namely one radiation-ecological biosphere reserve, one nature reserve, 8 national natural parks, 8 regional landscape parks, 65 protected tracts, 20 nature reserves of national importance. The conducted analysis of the rare phytocenofund of Ukraine showed that in the pre-war period in the current zone of military operations and in the occupied territories there were plant groups of 58 formations and 513 associations of almost all the main types of vegetation of Ukraine (except meadow), which is 36% of formations and 52% of rare associations from of the entire rare phytocenofund of Ukraine. According to their sociological status, they are divided into 149 associations of 25 formations of rare natural plant communities that are subject to protection; 248 associations of 23 formations of natural plant groups that are under threat of extinction and subject to protection; 116 associations of 10 formations of typical natural plant communities that are subject to protection. Negative impact on natural ecosystems in the territories of the PZF. The work also provides an assessment of the negative impact on rare groups in the territories of the PZF, located in the combat zone and occupied territories.
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ГУЛЬБИНА, А. А. "Marine protected waters of the Far East: pages of history." Вестник ДВО РАН, no. 210(2) (April 27, 2020): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37102/08697698.2020.210.2.006.
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Показана история создания на Дальнем Востоке России морских охраняемых акваторий федерального и регионального статуса заповедников, национальных парков, заказников. The history of creation of marine protected areas of federal and regional status is shown: reserves, national parks, reserves of the Far Eastern seas.
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Minton, Gretchen E., and Mikey Gray. "The Ecological Resonance of Imogen’s Journey in Montana’s Parks." New Theatre Quarterly 38, no. 4 (October 18, 2022): 299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x22000227.
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In this article Gretchen Minton and Mikey Gray discuss an adaptation of Shakespeare’s tragicomedy Cymbeline that toured Montana and surrounding states in the summer of 2021. Minton’s sections describe the eco-feminist aims of this production, which was part of an international project called ‘Cymbeline in the Anthropocene’, showing how the costumes, set design, and especially the emphasis upon the female characters created generative ways of thinking about the relationship between the human and the more-than-human worlds. Gray’s first-person narrative at the end of each section reflects upon her role of Imogen as she participated in an extensive summer tour across the Intermountain West and engaged with audience members about their own relationship to both theatre and the natural world. This is a story of transformation through environmentally inflected Shakespeare performance during the time of a global pandemic.Gretchen E. Minton is Professor of English at Montana State University, Bozeman, and editor of several early modern plays, including Timon of Athens, Troilus and Cressida, Twelfth Night, and The Revenger’s Tragedy. She is the dramaturg and script adaptor for Montana Shakespeare in the Parks and the co-founder of Montana InSite Theatre. Her directorial projects include A Doll’s House, Timon of Anaconda (see NTQ 145, February 2021), Shakespeare’s Walking Story, and Shakespeare for the Birds. Mikey Gray received her BA in Theatre and Performance from Bard College, New York, with a conservatory semester at NIDA (National Institute of Dramatic Art) in Sydney. She has performed in four productions with Montana Shakespeare in the Parks, while other actor engagements include Chicago Shakespeare Theater, American Conservatory Theater, Strawdog Theater Company, The Passage Theatre, and McCarter Theatre Center.
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Kosheliuk, T. V. "Institutional Management System Of National Nature Parks In Ukraine." Actual problems of improving of current legislation of Ukraine, no. 54 (November 30, 2020): 74–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/apiclu.54.74-89.
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The article presents an analysis of the understanding of the concept and management system in the field of nature reserves of Ukraine, in particular, national nature parks. As a result of the analysis of scientific literature, normative-legal acts the author’s approaches to systematization of types of management in this sphere are presented. The separation of three management systems is substantiated: 1) state; 2) intra-administrative 3) public. Based on this, a system of entities (institutions) that implement management functions at different levels. The study identified problems and shortcomings in the mechanism of public management of national nature parks and suggested ways to solve them.
The issues of peculiarities of management of national nature parks, legal status of subjects of administrative activity, competences of subjects of state management of nature reserve fund, as well as participation of public and scientific institutions in this process are insufficiently researched today. Therefore, there is a need to develop ways to improve the institutional framework of management in this area.
The author emphasizes the subordination of national nature parks various agencies, which creates a problematic situation, because when the national nature park belongs to a non-core agency, which does not have special units for the management of such facilities, there are numerous violations of current legislation on nature reserves.
After all, only a centralized management system of the relevant body will help maintain compliance with the legal regime in these areas and optimize the activities of national nature parks.
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Brusak, Vitaliy P., Yaroroslav S. Kravchuk, Ivan V. Brusak, and Diana A. Krychevska. "State and prospects of relief protection in nature reserves and national nature parks of the Ukrainian Carpathians." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 31, no. 1 (April 3, 2022): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112202.
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The aim of the research is to analyze the current state of the protection of relief types within nature reserves and national nature parks of the Ukrainian Carpathians. The study analyzes coverage of usual and unique types of mountain and premountain relief of the Ukrainian Carpathians within nature protection institutions. The method contains a general geomorphological analysis of the relief of nature conservation institutions of the Ukrainian Carpathians. geomorphological structure and zoning of the research region based on the systematization and comparison of the up to date cartographic and descriptive materials. Comparing the map Geomorphological structure (morphostructure and morphosculpture) of the Ukrainian Carpathians (Hnatiuk et al., 2007) and borrowed cartographic materials from the Projects of organization of nature reserves and national nature parks within the region, special representativeness of relief types in the QGIS software is obtained. Authors set a degree of representativeness of relief types within the territories of nature conservation institutions as well as present it in special tables and maps. Additionally, the map ofthe location of nature reserves and national nature parks within the geomorphological zoning of the Ukrainian Carpathians (Rudko & Kravchuk, 2002) is made as well as the character of protection of various geomorphological areas of mountain and premountain parts of the region is clarified. For the first time, authors establish the degree of regional and typological geomorphological representativeness of natural reserves and national nature parks as well as clarify the current state of protection of relief types of the Ukrainian Carpathians in general. Based on the results of the analysis, authors develop proposals for the creation of new nature conservation institutions in the Ukrainian Carpathians for optimization of the relief as well as proposals for the protection of the region and its use in nature conservation, scientific, natural-cognitive, and recreational purposes.
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Yang, Shuhui, and Xiaoyu Duan. "Protection and enlightenment of ecological integrity of Canadian national parks." E3S Web of Conferences 131 (2019): 01035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913101035.
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Canada is one of the first countries in the world to establish a national park, and pioneered the concept of ecological integrity management of national parks. Based on this concept, the country has basically achieved the sustainable development of national parks. China has a vast territory, a large number of scenic spots and nature reserves, but its system and management methods need to be optimized. This paper takes forestry developed countries as an example, summarizes the progress of ecological integrity protection in Canadian national parks, summarizes its current ecosystem adaptive management concepts and implementation methods, Ecological Integrity (EI) monitoring construction and related evaluation index systems, ecosystem protection and restoration. The experience is intended to provide a reference for the improvement of the ecological integrity protection of national parks in China.
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Zhai, Boqiang, and Xitun Yuan. "Discussion on the Integration and Optimization Plan of Natural Reserve-Take Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture as an example." E3S Web of Conferences 257 (2021): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125703003.
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The integration and optimization of nature reserves is an important part of the new round of land and space planning, and it is also an important part of building a system of nature reserves with national parks as the main body. This article takes Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, which has many nature reserves and relatively complex conditions as an example, to summarize and study the technical and operational issues involved in the integration and optimization of 30 different types of nature reserves, natural parks and scenic spots in the region. We propose an integration and optimization plan that fits the region, focusing on the treatment of the overlapping and distributed residential land, basic farmland, and major construction projects of each protected area, and provide reasonable suggestions for the integration and optimization of the construction of natural reserves with Chinese characteristics.
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Taber, Andrew B. "The status and conservation of the Chacoan peccary in Paraguay." Oryx 25, no. 3 (July 1991): 147–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300034177.
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The Chacoan peccary Catagonus wagneri is endemic to the dry thorn forest of the Gran Chaco of Paraguay, Argentina and Bolivia. Since its discovery by scientists in the 1970s its population has declined due to overhunting, habitat destruction, and possibly disease. As of 1989 about 5000 individuals are estimated to survive in the Paraguayan Chaco. Small dispersed populations still exist in Argentina and Bolivia, but more information is needed on the status of this species in those two countries. In Paraguay, Chacoan peccaries have almost disappeared from the two national parks within their range and the only significant population exists in an area where there are no reserves. The survival of this species depends on enforcing regulations against hunting both within and outside the national parks, translocating animals to the parks, establishing a system of reserves on private land in critical areas, training of Paraguayan wildlife professionals, and environmental education.
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Barnett-Itzhaki, Zohar, Aviv Sar-Shalom, Liav Cohn, Lior Chen, and Ofer Steinitz. "The effect of heatwaves on the number of visits to national parks and reserves." PLOS ONE 18, no. 8 (August 9, 2023): e0289201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289201.
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Background Climate change is leading to an increase in the frequency and intensity of heatwaves in many regions of the world. Climate change is also related to air pollution. Both heatwaves and air pollution have adverse health effects, and can also affect social behaviors, including tourism and touristic activities. The aim of this study was to examine the association between heatwaves, air pollution and visits to national parks and reserves in Israel. Methods Data on 68,518 visits in 51 national parks and reserves in Israel in the years 2016–2019 was crossed with temperature and air pollution data (represented by particulate matter PM10) and analyzed using statistical tests. Results Number of visits, as a function of temperature followed a unimodal distribution, in which more visits were reported on mild temperature days (in comparison to hot or cold days). In addition, the number of visits in sites with beaches was linearly correlated with temperature. Negative associations were found between number of visits and heatwaves, and between number of visits and exceedances in PM10 levels. Conclusions Heatwaves were shown to have a negative effect on the number of visits in national parks and reserves in Israel. The negative association between exceedances in air pollution and number of visits may be mediated by the positive correlation between air pollution exceedance events and heatwaves.
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Raszka, Beata, and Maria Hełdak. "Implementation of Biosphere Reserves in Poland–Problems of the Polish Law and Nature Legacy." Sustainability 15, no. 21 (October 26, 2023): 15305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152115305.
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The article addresses the issue of the management and functioning of biosphere reserves (BRs) in Poland. The hypothesis was raised that BRs in Poland are virtual rather than real entities. The study examined how the existence of BRs is reflected in Polish strategic and planning documents. The study examined documents from 1947 to 2022, i.e., Polish legal acts (archived and current), the national Strategy for Responsible Development, voivodeship strategies, and national park protection plans. It evaluated to what extent the biosphere reserves fulfil their role in Poland, as defined by the Man and Biosphere program. To verify the research questions, legal documents (laws and regulations) enacted by the Polish authorities, strategies, and planning documents created at the central and voivodeship levels, protection plans for nature conservation forms covering biosphere reserves, economic plans of entities managing biosphere reserves, and other documents were analyzed. It was shown that: (1) BRs do not have a legal basis in Polish legislation at the national level, despite Poland’s ratification of the Man and Biosphere program, (2) there is a lack of detailed information about BRs in national and voivodeship strategic documents (development strategies and spatial development plans for voivodeships), (3) the existence of biosphere reserves does not translate into spatial planning principles at the local level (municipalities), (4) there is no legal possibility to separate tasks related to biosphere reserves in nature conservation protection plans (national parks, nature reserves, and landscape parks), (5) in the case of transboundary BRs, the Inspection carried out in the Carpathians International Biosphere Reserve (Poland-Ukraine-Slovakia) showed only formal cooperation, not practical. In conclusion, the management of BRs and the implementation of tasks contained in the MaB program, particularly those related to sustainable development of the environment, society, and economy, are ineffective due to the lack of legal authorization in Poland.
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Davenport, Tim R. B., Katarzyna Nowak, and Andrew Perkin. "Priority Primate Areas in Tanzania." Oryx 48, no. 1 (July 17, 2013): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605312001676.
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AbstractPriority Primate Areas are identified in Tanzania, mainland Africa's most important country for conservation of primates, on the basis of occupancy by globally rare, Red-Listed and range-restricted primate species and subspecies. We provide a comprehensive list and regional assessment of Tanzania's primate taxa, using IUCN Red List criteria, as well as the first national inventory of primates for 62 sites. The Priority Primate Areas, encompassing 102,513 km2, include nine national parks, one conservation area, seven game reserves, six nature reserves, 34 forest reserves and five areas with no official protection status. Primate species were evaluated and ranked on the basis of irreplaceability and vulnerability, using a combination of established and original criteria, resulting in a primate Taxon Conservation Score. Sites were ranked on the basis of summed primate scores. The majority (71%) of Priority Primate Areas are also Important Bird Areas (IBAs), or part of an IBA. Critical subsets of sites were derived through complementarity analyses. Adequate protection of just nine sites, including six national parks (Kilimanjaro, Kitulo, Mahale, Saadani, Udzungwa and Jozani-Chwaka Bay), one nature reserve (Kilombero) and two forest reserves (Minziro and Mgambo), totalling 8,679 km2, would protect all 27 of Tanzania's primate species. The addition of three forest reserves (Rondo, Kilulu Hill and Ngezi) and two game reserves (Grumeti and Biharamulo), results in a list of 14 Priority Primate Areas covering 10,561 km2 (1.1% of Tanzania's total land area), whose conservation would ensure the protection of all 43 of Tanzania's species and subspecies of primates.
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Wells, Michael P. "The social role of protected areas in the new South Africa." Environmental Conservation 23, no. 4 (December 1996): 322–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900039187.
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SummarySouth Africa contains an extensive, well-managed protected area network which generates considerable economic benefits from tourism, but the extensive land and financial resources required by the parks and reserves are difficult to reconcile with the acute social and economic development needs of poor rural people with very limited access to any kind of resources. Local communities have incurred substantial costs from the establishment of these parks while receiving few benefits in return. National and provincial governments, as well as the conservation authorities, have now recognized that the long-term future of parks and reserves depends on taking effective steps to redress the local imbalance of benefits and costs. Integrated conservation-development projects (ICDPs) are beginning to test a range of specific measures to increase local community participation in the benefits from protected areas. Parks have considerable resources and expertise which they can use to support local development through ICDPs, although it would be unrealistic to expect parks to solve widespread rural poverty amongst their neighbours. Instead, park authorities should take the lead in forming partnerships to mobilize the combined resources and expertise of other national and provincial government agencies, NGOs and the private sector, as well as the local communities themselves. Community participation in wildlife tourism may best be achievable through joint ventures with the private sector or park management authorities.
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Baron, Jill S., Lance Gunderson, Craig D. Allen, Erica Fleishman, Donald McKenzie, Laura A. Meyerson, Jill Oropeza, and Nate Stephenson. "Options for National Parks and Reserves for Adapting to Climate Change." Environmental Management 44, no. 6 (May 16, 2009): 1033–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00267-009-9296-6.
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Vasileva, Vanya, and Sevdzhan Sabrieva. "Protected areas in the Stara planina tourist region – current state and prospects for tourism development." Acta Scientifica Naturalis 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2023): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/asn-2023-0007.
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Abstract Bulgaria is a country with an extremely diverse nature. Unlike a number of European countries, Bulgarian nature is relatively well preserved. For the purposes of its protection, a network of protected areas was created, which occupy 5.3% of the country’s territory. Bulgaria also participates in a number of international initiatives, which put about 1/3 of the territory of Bulgaria under protection of the natural environment. According to the Protected areas Act in Bulgaria, 6 categories are distinguished - national parks, natural parks, reserves, maintained reserves, protected localities, natural attractions. Among them, important resources for the development of tourism are national parks, natural parks, protected localities and natural attractions. They represent unique sites for the development of alternative forms of tourism such as ecological, cultural-cognitive, route-cognitive tourism, etc. On the other hand, reserves and maintained reserves prohibit tourism activities. The network of protected areas is unevenly developed throughout the country. It is better represented in the mountainous areas, and in the plain parts of the country it is more limited due to the strong anthropogenic changes and the pressure from various human activities. In connection with the preserved nature, the mountains are preferred sites for tourism. The contribution of the protected areas in this regard is significant. Stara planina tourist region is among the country’s tourist areas with well-defined mountainous characteristics. This is an important prerequisite both for the preservation of nature and for the formation of a suitable environment for recreation and tourism, and the mentioned directions are mutually bound. The purpose of this article is to valorize the protected areas in Stara Planina tourist region and to highlight the possibilities for their current and future use for the development of tourism.
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Wimbledon, William A. "The protection of fossils - comments on the Holzmaden model." Geological Curator 4, no. 5 (February 1986): 273–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.55468/gc792.
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To most people concerned with conservation in Great Britain the idea of a geological monument is perhaps foreign. Such categories are a familiar feature overseas, and they were included in the original Nature Reserves Investigation Committee site list for England and Wales (1945). Since then/monuments* have played no part in British earth science conservation for they were displaced by early legislation (National Parks and Access to Countryside Act 1949), which established the existing dual system of Sites of Special Scientific Interest and National Nature Reserves.
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Margelienė, Jolanta, and Aušra Budrienė. "The System of Lithuanian Protected Territories from Environment Conservation Point of View." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (August 6, 2015): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2013vol1.817.
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The article analyses the system of Lithuanian protected territories as well as their types form environment conservation point of view. The system of protected territories of LR includes the following types of areas: 6 state reserves, 1 biosphere reserve, 396 strict reserves, 5 national parks, 30 regional parks, 29 biosphere polygons and 3 recuperation plots. The system of protected territories, the order of establishment, management and the legal basics of protection of protected territories is determined by the law of protected areas of LR that was approved in 1993. The purpose of reserves is to preserve unique landscape complexes, their biota gene pool, to organize scientific research and observation, to promote natural and cultural values. The aims of the establishment of Lithuanian national and regional parks are not only to preserve naturally and culturally valuable landscape but also to support ethno cultural traditions of Lithuanian regions and to provide conditions for recreation. The purpose of strict reserves is to preserve the complexes of natural and cultural heritage or separate landscape elements, plant and animal species, to secure landscape diversity and ecological balance. Live and inanimate natural monuments are preserved naturally for scientific, cultural, educational and aesthetic needs. The purpose of biosphere polygons is to preserve bird species by assuring favorable conditions, to perform the monitoring of protected species, scientific research, etc. The aim of the recuperation plots is to restore natural resources. The system of Lithuanian legal acts allows applying such limitations that are necessary to preserve existing values in every protected territory.
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Mitrici (Militaru), Roxana. "ROMANIA'S NATIONAL AND NATURAL PARKS AND THEIR ECOLOGICAL AND ECOTURISTIC IMPORTANCE." Current Trends in Natural Sciences 11, no. 21 (July 31, 2022): 212–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.47068/ctns.2022.v11i21.024.
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Ecotourism is essential to protect and preserve the natural and cultural heritage, to develop local communities socially and economically and to increase the environmental education. To conserve the biological diversity, Romania has established many protected natural areas (over 7% of the country's area or about 18% if Natura 2000 sites considered). Romania has 32 protected natural areas of national interest: the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, 13 national parks and 18 natural parks. Besides these major protected areas, there are 941 scientific reserves, nature monuments and nature reserves nationwide, exceeding 300,000 hectares. Although Romania has a significant ecotourism heritage with great potential for valuation and an adequate legislative framework, ecotourism is still a fairly narrow segment of tourism market, facing many problems, such as: poor local cooperation, modest national and international promotion, limited supply, poor diversification, poor development of ecotourism infrastructure in protected areas, labor migration, low level of training of those employed in the field. Using a proper management and infrastructure, these protected areas could receive more visitors, which would increase tourism revenue and improve the current precarious situation of financing protected areas.
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Ignatenko, E. V. "PROTECTION OF WILD BEES IN RESERVES AND NATIONAL PARKS IN THE SOUTH OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST." REGIONAL PROBLEM 25, no. 1 (2022): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31433/2618-9593-2022-25-1-44-48.
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In the article, the authors consider the issue of biological diversity protection in federal nature protection zones in the south of the Russian Far East. Nature reserves and national parks surrounded by cultivated land are refugiums for wild bees – unique pollinators of flowering plants. The authors have analyzed 17 Regulations on Institutions (reserves and national parks). It was revealed that in practice the requirement of federal legislation, regarding the preservation of the natural environment «in a natural state» in specially protected natural areas (SPNA) of federal significance and the ban on the introduction of animals, is violated. The provisions on natural reserves and national parks allow the location of beehives and apiaries with honey bees (Apis mellifera), which enters into competitive relations for fodder facilities with wild native species of bees, in their territories. However, the placement of apiaries of honey bees on protected areas is rated as unacceptable and harmful: the honey bee is a competitor for each type of pollinator, as only one bee family consists of tens of thousands insects providing their advantage over other pollinators. When placing apiaries at the perimeter of the protected area of 10–20 thousand hectares and less, its land is completely «covered» by the influence of honey bee families. To resolve this threatening situation, it is required a wide protection zone or zone with a ban on the placement of hives and apiaries (up to 3–5 km wide). For larger areas (from 50 thousand hectares or more), a single placement of apiaries at the perimeter of corresponding zones is permissible.
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Ghimire, Pramod. "Landscape Level Efforts to Biodiversity Conservation in Nepal: A Review of Current Approach and Lessons Learned." Grassroots Journal of Natural Resources 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33002/nr2581.6853.02032.
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Nepal’s location in the centre of the Himalayan range places the country in the transitional zone between the eastern and western Himalayas. Nepal’s rich biodiversity is a reflection of this unique geographical position as well as its altitudinal and climatic variations. It is recorded that Nepal has a total of 118 types of ecosystem, 75 vegetation and 35 types of forests. Nepal has put utmost efforts to conserve its rich biodiversity resources. The conservation history began formally after promulgation of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation Act in 1973. National parks and wildlife reserves were established across the country during the 1970s. However, very soon not only some of the adversities were faced by the local people living around the parks and reserves but also the space constraint was realized for the population distribution and dynamics. By realizing the need of people’s participation in the conservation initiatives, country has tested the concept of different types of protected areas system such as national park, wildlife reserve, conservation areas, and buffer zones over the years. Taking the advantage of new progresses in conservation biology, Nepal adopted landscape level approach to biodiversity conservation and implemented such approaches in some of the key areas since 2000s. This paper discusses Nepal’s effort in implementing landscape level approach to biodiversity conservation and the lessons learned at national context.
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Shovkun, T., V. Zinchenko, and I. Myron. "NATURE PROTECTION FUND IN THE STRUCTURE OF RECREATION AND TOURIST NATURE USE OF CHERNIGOV REGION." Ukrainian Journal of Natural Sciences, no. 3 (October 11, 2023): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/naturaljournal.3.2023.131-143.
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The article analyzes the territories and objects of the nature reserve fund (NRF) of the Chernihiv region as objects of recreational and touristic nature use. The NRF of the Chernihiv region includes 678 objects with a total area of 263.1 thousand hectares (7.89% of the territory of the region). The NRF of the region consists of eight categories, there are no such categories as biosphere reserve, nature reserve and botanical garden. The study of the dynamics of the number of objects and areas of the NRF of the region for the period from 1990 to 2023 revealed a tendency to increase multifunctional protected areas (national natural parks (NNP) and regional landscape parks (RLP)). Reserves and natural monuments predominate in the structure of NRF of Chernihiv region in terms of number, and in terms of area - reserves and regional landscape parks.
It was established that the most important for the recreation and tourism sphere are the multifunctional categories of NRF - NNP and RLP, in which tourism is actively developing. The main directions of tourism development in the Mezyn and Ichnya National Parks were analyzed - ecological trails, routes (car, bicycle, pedestrian) that provide an opportunity to get to know the nature of Polissia (Mezyn National Park) and the Forest Steppe (Ichnya National Park), and tourist infrastructure are indicated. It was determined that the most common type of tourism within the NNP is walking along ecological trails.
A special issue is the use of the recreational potential of nature reserves, which are the most widespread in the structure of the NRF of the region. It has been established that the predominant type of recreational and tourist activity within their borders is educational excursions along marked trails. Other categories of NRF of the Chernihiv region (natural monuments, arboretum, zoo, parks-monuments of horticultural art) have less recreational potential, but have educational value and can act as objects of recreational and touristic nature use. In order to increase the role and significance of the NRF of Chernihiv region in the structure of recreational and touristic nature use, it is advisable to create such categories of NRF as NNP and RLP.
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Wigginton, M. J., R. D. Porley, and N. G. Hodgetts. "Bryophytes of Uganda. 1. BBS Tropical Bryology Group expeditions, 1996-1998. Introduction and collecting sites." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 16, no. 1 (December 1, 1999): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.16.1.14.
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The British Bryological Society Tropical Bryology Group (TBG) undertook three expeditions to Uganda, in Jan-Feb 1996, Jan-Feb 1997 and June-Jul 1998. Collections were made from 134 sites, mainly from national parks and forest reserves in western and southern Uganda
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Liu, Xiaoman, Chao Wang, Dong Jiang, Yong Wang, Jixi Gao, Chuanping Jin, Wandong Ma, and Jingfang Yuan. "Selection of National Park Candidate Areas Based on Spatial Overlap Characteristics of Protected Areas in China." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (February 23, 2022): 2578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14052578.
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The integration and optimization of protected areas is an important part of the construction of a protected areas system centered around national parks. How to best integrate and optimize protected areas is the most urgent problem in the reform. This paper analyzes the spatial overlap and continuity of protected areas in China on a national scale and proposes a collection of candidate areas for national parks. The results show that ➀ 52.9% of the protected areas overlap, with nature reserves, forest parks and scenic areas showing the most overlap, and the maximum number of overlaps is five. ➁ There are 1145 groups of contiguous protected areas that form continuous boundary areas, accounting for 58.9% of the total number of protected areas analyzed in this paper. Of these continuous zones, 48.55% consists of only two protected areas. There are 51 continuous areas with more than 10 protected areas, showing point continuous and/or patchy continuous boundary characteristics. ➂ According to the identified continuous areas, overlapping degree, protection levels and function, the candidate areas of national parks in China are proposed. Continuous areas with comprehensive ecosystem services, high-intensity protection levels, and high overlap intensity are selected as preliminary candidate areas for national parks. These are further refined based on their co-location with four types of key areas. A total of 41 areas are recommended as potential national parks. These continuous areas are highly consistent with the national “two screens, three belts” strategy, and nine of them are essentially consistent with the current national parks pilot. These results indicate that the recommended areas selected according to this research method are reasonable, and can provide a scientific basis for determining the spatial layout of China’s new protected areas system and the establishment of national parks.
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Kupriyanchyk, Iryna, and Іllia Babiuk. "Justification of scientific approaches to the management of the territories of national natural parks in modern conditions." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics and Technology 8, no. 1 (February 22, 2023): 385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2023-1-58.
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Creating nature reserves and objects is an effective way of preserving rare and endangered species of plants and animals and natural complexes that can serve as benchmarks of natural ecosystems for science and practice. Objects of the natural reserve fund, such as national natural parks and nature reserves, are essential elements of the ecological framework of the country, and the issue of effective management of such territories is relevant, especially given the ratification of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union. The article aims to substantiate the optimal strategies and recommendations for the effective management of national natural parks in Ukraine to ensure their nature protection, research, and educational mission, as well as to promote the development of tourism and improve the population's quality of life. During the analysis of the management of the territories of national natural parks, it was established that it does not meet the requirements of modernity due to an inefficient system of state management, violations of environmental protection legislation, insufficient financing of measures to preserve the nature reserve fund, biological and landscape diversity, weak implementation of recreational potential. It was determined that the main problems are the need for actual management plans, land management projects regarding the organization, and establishing boundaries of the territories of the nature reserve fund for national natural parks that are practically underdeveloped. In connection with this, a large part of the parks needs to have established boundaries. In the structure of the area of the national natural parks of Ukraine, economic zones prevail (on average 60-90% of the park area), while the average value of the area of the protected zone, as a rule, does not exceed 20%. It was established that practical management activities depend significantly on the awareness of the importance of national natural parks for the country's nature protection system. Therefore, the reform of the management of nature protection territories implemented by the government of Ukraine to preserve landscape and biological diversity is timely. Based on this, during the research, it was established that the main aspects of effective management of the territories of national natural parks in modern conditions should be legal establishment of park status, development, and implementation of a management plan, drawing up a nature protection strategy with the identification of critical areas, recreation, and education, scientific research, provision financing, cooperation and communication, monitoring, and evaluation. The main goal of ensuring effective management of national natural parks is to preserve nature and ensure access for people with minimal impact on nature. Such management should be implemented through developing and implementing strategies and development plans that consider the preservation of natural resources and the needs of society in recreation, public opinion, protection from natural and anthropogenic threats, and international standards. Keywords: nature reserve fund; land protection, national natural parks, sustainable development, natural resources, management activities.
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Schelhas, John. "The USA national parks in international perspective: have we learned the wrong lesson?" Environmental Conservation 28, no. 4 (December 2001): 300–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892901000327.
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A highly polarized debate has emerged in the conservation literature about whether national parks in lesser developed countries should follow a strict protectionist model or find ways to accommodate the development and livelihood needs of local people. A number of social science critiques of national park practice and policy in lesser developed countries have argued that one of the chief problems facing national parks in particular, and biodiversity conservation in general, has been the USA national park model, often termed the ‘Yellowstone model’. This model, in which local and indigenous people and uses have been excluded from parks, has been blamed for harming local people, providing benefits to developed country interests at the expense of local people, high costs of park protection, and ineffective biodiversity conservation (Machlis & Tichnell 1985; West & Brechin 1991; Pimbert & Pretty 1995). Alternatives (henceforth referred to as ‘parks and people’ approaches) seek accommodations between parks and local people, and include community-based conservation, which promotes local involvement and/or control in park decision-making, and integrated conservation and development projects, which attempt to ensure conservation by meeting social and economic needs of local people through agroforestry, forestry, tourism, water projects, extractive reserves, and wildlife utilization.
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Carr, W. M. B., and F. Batini. "Exploration and Mining in National Parks and Conservation Reserves in Western Australia." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1993, no. 1 (1993): 505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr93010505.
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Carr, William M. B., and Frank E. Batini. "EXPLORATION AND MINING IN NATIONAL PARKS AND CONSERVATiON RESERVES IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA." Journal American Society of Mining and Reclamation 1993, no. 2 (1993): 504–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.21000/jasmr93020505.
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Kassilly, Fredrick Nyongesa. "National Parks, Game Reserves, and Community Benefits from Conservation: The Kenyan Contradiction." Human Dimensions of Wildlife 13, no. 2 (March 12, 2008): 141–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10871200701883523.
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Theberge, John B. "Guidelines to drawing ecologically sound boundaries for national parks and nature reserves." Environmental Management 13, no. 6 (November 1989): 695–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01868309.
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Awiti, Alex O. "Stewardship of national parks and reserves in the era of global change." Environmental Development 1, no. 1 (January 2012): 102–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envdev.2011.12.008.
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Laundre, John. "Status, Distribution, and Management of Mountain Goats in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem." UW National Parks Service Research Station Annual Reports 14 (January 1, 1990): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.13001/uwnpsrc.1990.2915.
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Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus) are not thought to be historic natives to the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. They occurred in the area before 10,000 B.P. but all evidence indicates they were extirpated from the area by the time Europeans arrived. The Idaho Department of Fish and Game and the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife, and Parks introduced goats into the area in the mid 1900's. Goats have expanded in numbers and range and are occasionally seen within Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. There is concern that their presence in the Parks might negatively impact native plants and animals. This study assessed the current distribution of mountain goats and their potential impact on fauna and flora of the Parks. The current distribution of mountain goats in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem was determined by consulting area resource managers, perusing sighting records, and conducting field surveys. The potential impact of goats on the fauna and flora of Yellowstone and Grand Teton Parks was assessed by compiling all available information on mountain goat behavior and ecology.
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Seeland, Klaus. "The National Park Management Regime in Bhutan: Historical Background and Current Problems." Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 2, no. 2 (1998): 139–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853598x00145.
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AbstractThis paper gives an account of the recent history and the international and national policy background with respect to the planning and administration of Bhutan's nine national parks, nature reserves and sanctuaries, and sheds light on their current problems. Although more than 25 per cent of Bhutanese territory has been declared protected area over the last three decades, little data is available on the local population's perception of the aims, present status and the benefits of national parks, and their future role in the regional political setting and national resource use policy. Local communities are exposed to the legal limitations of resource use. A national park regime faces the problems of integrating issues of local management with the international community's demands on biodiversity preservation and conservation, and with the objectives of a national resource use concept.
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Laffont, Enrique Rafael, Gladys Josefina Torales, Juan Manuel Coronel, Manuel Osvaldo Arbino, and María Celina Godoy. "Termite (Insecta, Isoptera) fauna from natural parks of the northeast region of Argentina." Scientia Agricola 61, no. 6 (December 2004): 665–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162004000600016.
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The knowledge of insect biodiversity in natural areas of Argentina is limited, and termites are among the understudied taxa. In order to assess the diversity of Isoptera in some protected areas of the country, termite sampling within three National Parks of the Northeast region of Argentina was developed during 1995-1999. The results presented in this paper correspond to the Chaco National Park (Province of Chaco), Iguassu National Park (Province of Misiones) and Mburucuya National Park (Province of Corrientes). Among the four termite families recorded from Argentina, the family Termitidae was the best represented at the three sampled areas. The recorded genera (15) were: Rugitermes Holmgren and Tauritermes Krishna (Kalotermitidae), Heterotermes Frogatt (Rhinotermitidae), Cornitermes Wasmann, Cortaritermes Mathews, Diversitermes Holmgren, Nasutitermes Dudley, Velocitermes Holmgren (Nasutitermitinae), Amitermes Silvestri, Microcerotermes Silvestri, Neocapritermes Holmgren, Termes Linné (Termitinae), Anoplotermes Müller, Aparatermes Fontes and Ruptitermes Mathews (Apicotermitinae) (Termitidae). None of the collected termite species was common to the three National Parks, and only four of them were detected at two of the reserves. Due to the particular assemblage of termites found at each park, these three natural protected areas could be considered important reserves for the conservation of the termite fauna from the Northeast region of Argentina.
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Blower, John. "Conservation priorities in Burma." Oryx 19, no. 2 (April 1985): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0030605300019773.
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In 1981 the Government of Burma, conscious that it should be doing more to conserve its natural resources, invited the Food and Agriculture Organisation and the Development Programme of the United Nations to assist in a project to identify areas suitable for national parks and reserves. The Minister of Agriculture and Forests has already decided to establish one of the proposed parks, Alaungdaw Kathapa, and it is hoped that the rest will follow. The author was in charge of the project for its three-year duration.
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Cherchenko, O. A., and S. O. Demianenko. "Nature protection territories as components of nature and recreation potential of Kharkiv region." Constructive geography and rational use of natural resources, no. 5 (1) (2024): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2786-4561.2024.5.1.-5/12.
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The article explores the topic of the natural-recreational potential of Kharkiv Oblast. In this region, there are natural complexes and objects with significant potential for tourism and recreation. The nature reserve fund of the region includes 246 protected areas and objects, including national natural parks, regional landscape parks, reserves, and natural landmarks. All of these serve as an excellent foundation for the development of the tourism industry in this region. Unfortunately, due to military actions in the territory of Kharkiv Oblast, tourism cannot be fully developed.
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Blackmore, Andrew. "Concurrent national and provincial legislative competence: Rethinking the relationship between nature reserves and national parks." Law, Democracy and Development 26 (April 15, 2022): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2077-4907/2021/ldd.v26.2.
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The teleology of concurrent national and provincial legislative competence in South Africa's Constitution has not been adequately investigated, particularly from the perspective of nature conservation and the establishment of protected areas. It is, therefore, questioned whether the concurrent nature conservation competence awarded to the national sphere of government should be equivalent to that awarded to the provinces, or if it precludes the national government from having a greater status than the provinces. It is further questioned whether the provisions of the National Environmental Management: Protected Areas Act (NEMPAA) accurately reflect the constitutional weighting, if any, granted to these two spheres of government by this provision. It is concluded that the concurrent national and provincial legislative competence in respect of nature conservation is most likely to be, at least, equally balanced between the two spheres of government. Contrary to this finding, it is noted that the NEMPAA grants national parks a significantly higher conservation status than nature reserves by diminishing the status and scope the provinces had prior to the promulgation of the Act. It is further concluded that, in this instance, provisions of the NEMPAA are most likely to be unconstitutional. It is recommended that these two kinds of protected areas be consolidated into one category or critically evaluated to correct potentially incorrect categorisation. It is also recommended that the NEMPAA be substantially revised to correct a number of anomalies and illogical provisions.
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Zigern-Korn, Nataliya. "In search of the management model of the nature reserve as a sustainable tourist destination." Revista Amazonia Investiga 11, no. 60 (December 30, 2022): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2022.60.12.15.
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The demand for tourism and recreation in natural landscapes is steadily growing and the offers of tours are outstripping the solution of problems and issues related to the management of such destinations. The practice of using natural reserves as tourist destinations sets the task of conscious reconciliation of nature conservation and tourism functions. In foreign practice, this task is traditionally solved for such forms as national parks. In Russia, along with national parks, nature reserves are increasingly becoming a common and accessible form for recreation, and it is in their territories that we most often observe a conflict of nature management. On the one hand, nature reserves are very attractive for recreation and tourism, since there is practically no protection regime for their valuable natural complexes. On the other hand, its function as a natural reserve is incompatible with anthropogenic impact from recreation activity. The study of recreation and tourist flows carried out by us is interesting because its object is atypical for the tourist function of reserves – nature reserves, and the subject of the study is not route-organized tourist and recreational flows, but the areal nature of their tourist development. In the course of the tourist and recreational flows studying in the Kurgalsky Nature Reserve of the Leningrad region and assessing their impact on natural complexes, among other tasks, we made an attempt to determine the conceptual and methodological foundations of monitoring to ensure a sustainable management model for such a destination as a nature reserve. The substantiation of the monitoring methodology as a tool for implementing a sustainable management model of a nature reserve as a tourist destination is the content of this article.
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Osborn, Gerald. "Compositional variability of Mazama tephra magnetites." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 22, no. 4 (April 1, 1985): 642–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e85-066.
Full textAbstract:
Magnetites of anomalous composition found in association with known Holocene tephras in Banff and Jasper national parks were originally thought to represent a new tephra of unknown origin, but were later associated with Mazama tephra at two other sites in Alberta. New data from Alberta, British Columbia, and Montana confirm the compositional variability of Mazama tephra. The range of magnetite compositions presumably was produced by an inhomogeneous magma chamber, for which there is evidence in the case of the Mazama eruption.
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Beckmann, Elizabeth A. "Interpretation During a School Visit to a Nature Reserve." Australian Journal of Environmental Education 4 (September 1988): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0814062600001208.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractMany teachers take students on visit to Nature Reserves or National Parks. The park management agency generally provides written information/worksheets and an accompanying ranger to provide interpretation. Rarely are these visits subjected to formal evaluation in terms of achievement of environmental education objectives related to park conservation and management values. A pilot study of a school visit of Year 9 students to Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve (ACT) found that most students had a good background in terms of previous exposure to National Parks and environmental media, and the excursion provided both an enjoyable and an educational experience. However, there seemed to be a need for basic conservation and management values and ideas to be continually emphasised to ensure their full appreciation and understanding by students.