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Li, M. V., A. V. Potylitsyn, and A. V. Martynova. "The use of information technologies in assessing the quality of medical care." Manager Zdravookhranenia, no. 4 (June 7, 2023): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21045/1811-0185-2023-4-65-75.
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The currently relevant value-based healthcare model (Value-Based Healthcare) is more focused on ensuring long-term effectiveness and patient satisfaction, which is directly related to the implementation of the principles of patient-oriented and patient-centered activities [1]. In accordance with the Proposals (practical recommendations) on the organization of internal quality control and safety of medical activities in a medical organization (hospital) of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “National Institute of Quality” of Roszdravnadzor, compliance with the principles of patient-centered medical care provides for the development and implementation at the level of a medical organization of a patient safety strategy, including compliance with ethical standards and rules in the implementation of medical care activities. This also includes the procedure for organizing feedback with patients [15]. The use of information technologies in patient questionnaires and analysis of results allows for operational monitoring of patient satisfaction indicators and to create a basis for assessing most aspects of hospital activities from the perspective of patients: the quality of medical services and their results, interaction with staff, infrastructure and service components. The purpose of the study is to provide the results of the implementation of the author’s information and analytical system for collecting and processing information about patient satisfaction through an electronic web questionnaire and providing the calculation of satisfaction indicators in a multidisciplinary hospital. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The basis of the study was a multidisciplinary hospital of the state budgetary healthcare institution “Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2” in Vladivostok. Within the framework of the study, the inpatient patients were surveyed using questionnaires in electronic form prepared by a medical organization, an information and analytical system was developed to conduct a mathematical analysis of the results of the survey according to five criteria for assessing the quality of medical care conditions. The study used a questionnaire including 20 questions, the answers to which express the opinion of patients about the quality of work of doctors and nursing staff, the comfort of the conditions of stay in the emergency department, as well as in the hospital during hospitalization. The questionnaire was developed in 2015, and for many years the survey was conducted using paper and manual calculations. But since 2021, patient questionnaires and analysis of the collected data have been transferred to an electronic format. In this article we present the results obtained with the help of an information system for collecting and analyzing questionnaires, in which adult patients of a round-the-clock hospital participated. R e s u l t s . The use of information technologies in patient questionnaires and analysis of results allows for operational monitoring of patient satisfaction indicators and to create a basis for assessing a number of aspects of hospital activity from the perspective of patients: the quality of medical services and their results, interaction with staff, infrastructure and service components make it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of measures to ensure comfortable conditions for the patient’s stay and can be used in practical healthcare to organize measures to eliminate defects and make decisions on the management of a medical organization. C o n c l u s i o n s . The introduction of additional methods for studying patient satisfaction using electronic forms, taking into account the specifics of the work of a medical organization to the requirements established by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of interaction with patients and can be one of the tools for assessing the social effectiveness of a medical organization (hospital).
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Kenny, Patrick. "Corporate Governance in the U. S.: Post-Enron." German Law Journal 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s2071832200015741.
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[Editors’ Comment: The following is the text of Mr. Kenny's remarks at the Second European Corporate Governance Conference, which was organized by the Vlerick Management Institute and the University of Gent, Belgium, and held at the Belgian National Bank, Brussels, 28 & 29 November 2002. The conference, which was convened by Professor Lutgart Van den Berghe of the University of Gent, was dedicated to the intensive debate over the marks and characteristics of “European Capitalism” in light of the international corporate governance debate, which has been affected by the recent earthquakes in the confidence of investors, shareholders and stakeholders precipitated by the corporate scandals of Enron, Worldcom, Global Crossing and others. The conference also took note of the impact of America's new Sarbanes-Oxley legislation, which seeks to respond to the wave of corporate scandals, on the international corporate governance debate.
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Wood, Eric. "Osposobljavanje liječnika medicine rada i stručnjaka zaštite na radu u SAD-u." Sigurnost 60, no. 4 (January 3, 2019): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31306/s.60.4.2.
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SUMMARY: Professionals have been working in occupational safety and health (OS&H) in the United States since at least the advent of the Industrial Revolution. Formal educational in OS&H began in earnest with passage of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) of 1970 that included provisions for funding training in OS&H disciplines. A study conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in 2011 estimated that there were over 48,000 (2.3/10,000 working age adults) OS&H professionals working in the US. Employers surveyed in this study reported a need to hire over 25,000 OS&H professionals in the next 5 years. OS&H training programs were projected to graduate less than 13,000 students in that period. Core knowledge and skills in the various OS&H disciplines typically includes academic training in epidemiology, biostatistics, administration & management, behavioral health science, industrial hygiene, ergonomics, and foundation courses in occupational injury and disease prevention. Employers report interest in additional training in communication, technical writing, leadership, cross-disciplinary training, emerging hazards, and knowledge of regulations and compliance. Funding of OS&H programs has been a persistent challenge. A lack of student awareness of training and career opportunities poses additional challenges for recruitment of qualified applicants. While hiring demands and career prospects remain high for most OS&H disciplines, the support for training programs, and the supply of new graduates presents ongoing challenges for OS&H educators.
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Angkoontassaneeyarat, Chuenruthai, Chaiyaporn Yuksen, Chetsadakon Jenpanitpong, Pemika Rukthai, Marisa Seanpan, Dumrongsak Pongprajak, and Thanakorn Laksanamapune. "Effectiveness of a Dispatcher-Assisted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Program Developed by the Thailand National Institute of Emergency Medicine (NIEMS)." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 36, no. 6 (October 14, 2021): 702–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x21001084.
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AbstractBackground:Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a life-threatening condition with an overall survival rate that generally does not exceed 10%. Several factors play essential roles in increasing survival among patients experiencing cardiac arrest outside the hospital. Previous studies have reported that implementing a dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-CPR) program increases bystander CPR, quality of chest compressions, and patient survival. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a DA-CPR program developed by the Thailand National Institute for Emergency Medicine (NIEMS).Methods:This was an experimental study using a manikin model. The participants comprised both health care providers and non-health care providers aged 18 to 60 years. They were randomly assigned to either the DA-CPR group or the uninstructed CPR (U-CPR) group and performed chest compressions on a manikin model for two minutes. The sequentially numbered, opaque, sealed envelope method was used for randomization in blocks of four with a ratio of 1:1.Results:There were 100 participants in this study (49 in the DA-CPR group and 51 in the U-CPR group). Time to initiate chest compressions was statistically significantly longer in the DA-CPR group than in the U-CPR group (85.82 [SD = 32.54] seconds versus 23.94 [SD = 16.70] seconds; P <.001). However, the CPR instruction did not translate into better performance or quality of chest compressions for the overall sample or for health care or non-health care providers.Conclusion:Those in the CPR-trained group applied chest compressions (initiated CPR) more quickly than those who initiated CPR based upon dispatch-based CPR instructions.
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Vdovychenko, Heorhii. "MODERN UKRAINIAN PHILOSOPHICAL SINOLOGY AT THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE: CLASSIC AND INNOVATIVE WAYS TO THE ORIGINS." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Philosophy, no. 9 (2023): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2523-4064.2023/9-1/15.
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B a c k g r o u n d . According to the genre characteristics, the article is a form of publicizing analytical conclusions from the experience of research in the field of the philosophical Chinese studies at the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine from 1991 to the present day. The material for understanding was supplied from the environment of scientific professional activity of prominent figures of Ukrainian philosophical Sinology from the H. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of the NAS of Ukraine and the A. Krymskyi Institute of Oriental Studies of the NAS of Ukraine. The scientific achievements of academic Sinologists, who are leading researchers of Chinese philosophical education, science and culture from the archaic to modern times, are highlighted. They are, namely: V. Kiktenko, V. Pyrohiv, V. Hamianin, S. Kapranov, Y. Hobova and A. Usyk. M e t h o d s . The article uses an analytical approach based on the study of historical and philosophical sources. The methodological basis of the research is the main methods of historical and philosophical science: problem-categorical analysis, socio-cultural analysis and biographical analysis. At the same time, the methods of situational and contextual analysis of scientific texts are applied. R e s u l t s . Four conditional thematic vectors of the progress of academic philosophical Sinology in modern Ukraine are classified, namely the study of: 1. the history of ancient Chinese philosophy, especially Confucianism; 2. the history of Chinese philosophy in the 19th – early 21st centuries; 3) the history of Ukrainian Sinology in the 18th – early 21st centuries; 4. the history of modern foreign Sinology. The director of the A. Krymskyi Institute of Oriental Studies of the NAS of Ukraine and the head of the Ukrainian Association of Sinologists V. Kiktenko very effectively studies all these vectors, especially the last three of them. His colleagues at the institute V. Pyrohiv, V. Hamianin and Y. Hobova mainly research the first of these vectors, and primarily the history of Confucianism. Employees of the H. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy of the NAS of Ukraine S. Kapranov and A. Usyk are also focused scientific attention on the history of Confucianism, in particular, the second of them studies social ethics and anthropology of Confucius. C o n c l u s i o n s . As a result it was established that modern domestic philosophical academic Sinology is a qualitatively new and innovative direction of Oriental studies in independent Ukraine. This discipline was formed as a result of the two-century progress of Ukrainian Chinese studies from the era of Hetmanshina until now. V. Kiktenko and his colleagues have made a significant and already internationally recognized contribution to the study of both the classical philosophical schools of Ancient China and their ideological heirs, in particular, the leaders of the PRC and the CCP from Deng Xiaoping to Xi Jinping during these thirty years. V. Kiktenko also laid the foundations for the study both of the history of Ukrainian Chinese studies and of modern foreign, primarily Western European and North American, Sinology.
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Marković, Predrag, and Luka Filipović. "KVANTIFIKACIJA REZULTATA U DRUŠTVENIM I HUMANISTIČKIM NAUKAMA – CITIRANOST KAO MERILO ISTORIOGRAFSKOG DOSTIGNUĆA U SLUČAJU INSTITUTA ZA SAVREMENU ISTORIJU." Istorija 20. veka 39, no. 2/2021 (August 1, 2021): 461–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.29362/ist20veka.2021.2.mar.461-478.
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Quantifying citations as a measure of academic achievement has been a disputed tool, not only within the Serbian academic community. Nature Magazine published “The Leiden Manifesto”, advocating harmonization between quantitative and qualitative criteria. As a contribution to such efforts, this paper examines the production of the researchers of the Institute for Contemporary History in Belgrade. The Institute has been chosen as the most productive institution in Serbia in terms of the number of publications. Proportionally to the number of published works in a certain language, the most frequently quoted papers have been written in German, then in French. The reason for that is the particular interest of some big academic communities for certain issues. For example, the German academic community’s curiosity for socialism derives from its interest in the German Democratic Republic, its history and its society. Papers dealing with foreign workers also address some German internal issues. Publications in French have been more often quoted if they addressed World War I topics. And last but not least, works on the Yugoslav wars of the 1990’s reflects the political and academic interest of the international community. Thus, the most quoted works often respond to the requirements of some foreign factors, such as the international community or some big national academic circles (German and French). These papers sometimes fail to address certain local educational and cultural needs. It is important to combine broader regional and international interests with internal cultural needs. Therefore, more papers should be written in foreign languages, especially in English, which is the primary language of international academic exchange.
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Bilovol, Alla M., Svitlana H. Tkachenko, Oleksandra А. Havryliuk, Alla А. Berehova, Nataliia L. Kolhanova, and Kateryna P. Kashtan. "Possible role of vitamin d in pathogenesis of lichenoid dermatoses (a review of literature)." Wiadomości Lekarskie 73, no. 2 (2020): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek202002130.
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The aim of the study was search and analysis of the data of review, experimental and clinical scientific and medical publications on the issues of the possible role of VD in pathogenesis of lichenoid dermatoses. Materials and methods: An analysis of the studying of the scientific and medical literature was shown. Searching was carried out through the PubMed/MEDLINE portal from the databases of the National Center Biotechnology Information, Web of Science Core Collection, U. S. National Library of Medicine, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, as well as the portals «Scientific Electronic Library eLIBRARY.RU», «Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI)» and «Index Copernicus». Conclusions: The results of studies had convincingly demonstrated that deficiency of VD in the blood, decrease vitamin D receptors activity can lead to development of lichenoid dermatoses.
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BABAR, AMIR MOHAMMAD, Mohammad Hanif Mengal, CHANDI KAPOOR, Ghulam Sarwar Pirkani, and MOHAMMAD IQBAL. "VIBRIO CHOLERAE." Professional Medical Journal 16, no. 03 (September 10, 2009): 380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2009.16.03.2800.
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b j e c t i v e : To isolate the etiological agent of diarrheal outbreak, identification, antibiogram of isolated bacteria. P a t i e n t s a ndM e t h o d s : Stool samples from patients and water samples from reservoir of water collected in transport media. Culture and sensitivity test wereperformed in Microbiology Laboratory of Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta. The isolated strain was confirmed by National Institute ofHealth Laboratory Islamabad and Agha Khan University hospital laboratory Karachi. The outbreak was controlled by preventive measures.R e s u l t s : More than five thousand people affected in the outbreak, including all age and both sexes. Twenty three deaths (0.4%) occurred inthis outbreak. The stool samples from patients and from 5 water reservoir tanks collected for analysis of etiological agent responsible for theoutbreak. The stool and water samples revealed isolation of Vibrio cholerae Inaba, El Tor, which was sensitive to Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin,Tetracycline, Doxycyline and intermediate to Choloramphenicol and Erythromycin. Resistant to Nalidixic Acid Polymaxin B, and Cotrimaxazole.C o n c l u s i o n : The Vibrio cholerae Inaba, El Tor was the causative agent of this outbreak and the first outbreak which occurred inBalochistan due to Vibrio cholerae Inaba, El Tor.
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Zhang, Jing Jing, Qing Jie Qi, and Chan Juan Xu. "Numerical Simulation of Fire in Logistics Center." Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (March 2011): 984–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.984.
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Goods and shelves are closely and numerously put in the logistics center, so there are many hidden dangers. People’s life safety and property safety are threatened by fire. The key of putting out fire and evacuating people is to grasp the changes of the important parameters in the fire. In this paper the FDS (Fire Dynamic Simulator) software developed by the U. S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is used to build a fire model and sets two fire scenarios to analyze the fire spreading process in logistics center. According to the numerical simulation results, reasonable suggestions are put forward in the end.
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Yamasaki, S., and A. Tsumura. "Determination of Ultra-Trace Levels of Elements in Water by High Resolution ICP-MS with an Ultrasonic Nebulizer." Water Science and Technology 25, no. 11 (June 1, 1992): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0293.
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A specially designed high resolution ICP-MS was combined with an ultrasonic nebulizer to analyze trace amounts of various inorganic contaminants contained in water samples. It was confirmed that the detection limits of most elements obtained by the proposed method were well under 1 ppt. The Standard Reference Material 1643b (trace elements in water) provided by NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology, formerly U. S. National Bureau of Standards) was also analyzed. Concentration values obtained by this work were in good agreement with certified values for all the elements examined except for Cu. It can be concluded from the foregoing that the combination of the above two instruments materializes an extraordinarily sensitive method and paves the way for direct determination of a considerable number of trace and ultra-trace elements in water samples with acceptable speed and accuracy.
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Tuttle, M. S., W. G. Cole, D. D. Sherertz, and S. J. Nelson. "Navigating to Knowledge." Methods of Information in Medicine 34, no. 01/02 (1995): 214–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634582.
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Abstract:One way to fulfill point-of-care knowledge needs is to present caregivers with a visual representation of the available “answers”. Using such a representation, caregivers can recognize what they want, rather than have to recall what they need, and then navigate to an appropriate answer. Given selected pieces of information from a computer-based patient record, an interface can anticipate certain knowledge needs by initializing caregiver navigation in a semantic neighborhood of answers likely to be relevant to the patient at hand. These notions draw heavily on two collaborative projects – the U.S. National Library of Medicine Unified Medical Language System® and the U.S. National Cancer Institute Knowledge Server. Both of these projects support navigation because they make the structure of medical knowledge explicit in a way that can be exploited by human interfaces.
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Nakatani, Y., T. Komatsu, U. Shimizu-kaya, T. Itioka, T. Itino, R. Hashim, S. Ueda, W. Asfiya, H. Herwina, and S. Hartini. "Additional species and records of the “horn-backed” Pilophorus plant bugs in Southeast Asia (Heteroptera: Miridae: Phylinae)." Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 159, no. 1 (April 21, 2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22119434-15812050.
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Three new species of the “horn-backed” phyline plant bug genus Pilophorus Hahn, namely, P. erinaceulus, P. maruyamai and P. parvolus, are described from Borneo, Malaysia and Sumatra, Indonesia. The following species are newly recorded within Southeast Asia: P. lambirensis from the Malay Peninsula; P. laticollaris from Sumatra; P. longirostris and P. multivillus from Borneo. A supplementary key to the key by Nakatani et al. (2013) is provided. Y. Nakatani*, Natural Resources Inventory Center, National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, Kannondai, 3-1-3, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan. nakatany@affrc.go.jp T. Komatsu, Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. corocoro1232000@yahoo.co.jp U. Shimizu-kaya, Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Hirano, Otsu, Shiga 520-2113, Japan. shimizu.kaya.55c@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp T. Itioka, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-nihonmatsu-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. ichioka.takao.5m@kyoto-u.ac.jp T. Itino, S. Ueda, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan. ueda32@shinshu-u.ac.jp R. Hashim, Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. rh4758@gmail.com W. Asfiya, S. Hartini, Division of Zoology, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong, Bogor, 16911, Indonesia. wara.asfiya@lipi.go.id H. Herwina, Laboratorium Riset Taksonomi Hewan, Jurusan Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Andalas, Kampus UNAND Limau Manis, Padang, 25163, Indonesia. hennyf91@gmail.com
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Farooq, Sidra, Mahar Un Nissa, Noor Us Saba, Madiha Iqbal, Iqbal Nisa, Mehboob Ullah, Muhsin Jamal, et al. "Evaluation of Penicillins minimum inhibitory concentration against clinically isolated Streptococcus pyogenes." International journal of health sciences 7, S1 (May 25, 2023): 2673–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14564.
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Streptococcus specie is the crucial cause of pharyngitis and tonsillitis in human particularly in youngsters and is the main organisms transmitted from the milk to human. Streptococcus pyogenes cause diseases worldwide, thus increases huge burden to national health care systems. The current study was take on to determine antibiotic resistance pattern of S. pyogenes against penicillin group of antibiotics by disc diffusion method. Furthermore, minimum inhibitory concentration of penicillin group of antibiotics were assisted against S. pyogenes isolates. Three hundred samples including sore throat, skin lesion and surgical wounds were collected from different patients. The clinical specimens were cultured on blood agar media to observe hemolysis and were identified with Bacitracin sensitivity test. To evaluate the resistance pattern of Penicillin’s antibiotic sensitivity test was done. Different antibiotics used were Penicillin G (10 U), Ampicillin (10 mcg), Amoxicillin (25 mcg), and Piperacillin (100 mcg) respectively. Minimum inhibitory concentration was checked against S. pyogenes by using four antibiotics i.e. Penicillin G, Piperacillin, Ampicillin and Amoxicillin. A total of 17 isolates showed positive growth for S. pyogenes i.e. from throat specimens the number of positive isolates were 10, surgical wounds showed 05 and skin pus were positive for 02 isolates.
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Kodrić Zaimović, Lejla. "Znanstveni portal Bošnjačkog instituta - Fondacije Adila Zulfikarpašića i Memoria Bosniaca = The Academic Portal of the Bosniac Institute – Foundation of Adil Zulfikarpašić and Memoria Bosniaca." Bosniaca 22, no. 22 (December 2017): 84–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.37083/bosn.2017.22.84.
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Formiranjem institucijskih repozitorija unutar bosanskohercegovačkih baštinsko-informacijskih, akademskih, obrazovnih te poslovnih ustanova produkti intelektualnog rada bosanskohercegovač-ke “znanstvenoistraživačke dijaspore” i dalje ostaju dislocirani, nekoherentni, odnosno pohranjeni u institucijskim repozitorijima ustanova diljem svijeta, a samim time za ovdašnje uvjete nedostu-pni. Potaknut ovakvim promjenama, Bošnjački institut – Fondacija Adila Zulfikarpašića, s obzirom na svoje infrastrukturne i izvedbene mogućnosti, doprinosi bosanskohercegovačkoj, kao i široj zajednici na način formiranja institucijskog repozitorija koji, u prvoj svojoj fazi, funkcionira kao prostor pohrane i diseminiranja važnih rezultata znanstvenih radova Bosanaca i Hercegovaca u ino-zemstvu, s posebnom usmjerenošću k radovima koji tematiziraju pitanja od nacionalnog značaja, na ovaj način osiguravajući mjesnu usmjerenost, odnosno centralizirano okupljanje informacijskih izvora koji na bilo koji način i u bilo kojem aspektu tematiziraju pitanja bosanskohercegovačke kulturne i znanstvene baštine. Rad predstavlja institucijski repozitorij koji funkcionira kao prostor digitalne pohrane i korištenja informacijskih izvora – produkata intelektualnog rada istraživača i znanstvenika, ali i kao važna akademsko-znanstvena društvena mreža. Usto, u radu se donose isku-stva u vezi sa strategijama izgradnje i upravljanja institucijskim repozitorijima koji funkcioniraju na principu tzv. samoarhiviranja te otvorenog pristupa. = By forming institutional repositories within a number of Bosnian-Herzegovinian heritage and information institutions, but also within academic, educational and business ones, intellectual work products of Bosnian-Herzegovinian “sci-entific-research diaspora” still remain dislocated and incoherent, or more precisely – stored within a number of in-stitutional repositories throughout the world and, consequently, not directly available in the local context. Inspired by these circumstances and using its infrastructural and performing capacities, The Bosniac Institute – Foundation of Adil Zulfikarpašić contributes Bosnian-Herzegovinian as well as the broader community by forming such a institutional repository wich, in its first phase, functions as a place for storing and disseminating important results of Bosnian-Herzegovinian academic and scientific work, with specific orientation to those works dealing with the issues of national importance. In this way the Institute has assured centralized gathering of information sources concerning different questions of Bosnian-Herzegovinan cultural, academic and scientific heritage. In this connection, the proposed paper aims to represent the idea of institutional repository functioning as a space for digital storing and using of information sources – intellectual work products of scientists and researchers, but also as a very important academic and scientific social network. Besides, the paper brings experiences of strategies of building and management of institutional reposi-tories which function on the principle of self-archiving and open access.
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Bruera, Eduardo. "A national cancer institute of canada workshop on symptom control and supportive care in patients with advanced cancer: Methodological and administrative issues." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 10, no. 2 (February 1995): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0885-3924(94)00074-u.
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Mead, Nancy R., Julia H. Allen, Mark Ardis, Thomas B. Hilburn, Andrew J. Kornecki, Rick Linger, and James McDonald. "Development of a Master of Software Assurance Reference Curriculum." International Journal of Secure Software Engineering 1, no. 4 (October 2010): 18–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jsse.2010100102.
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Modern society is deeply and irreversibly dependent on software systems of remarkable scope and complexity in areas that are essential for preserving this way of life. The security and correct functioning of these systems are vital. Recognizing these realities, the U. S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) National Cyber Security Division (NCSD) enlisted the resources of the Software Engineering Institute at Carnegie Mellon University to develop a curriculum for a Master of Software Assurance degree program and define transition strategies for implementation. In this article, the authors present an overview of the Master of Software Assurance curriculum project, including its history, student prerequisites and outcomes, a core body of knowledge, and curriculum architecture from which to create such a degree program. The authors also provide suggestions for implementing a Master of Software Assurance program.
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HAFEEZ, SHAHID, AZHAR MAHMOOD KAYANI, and ASIM JAVED. "ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION;." Professional Medical Journal 16, no. 02 (June 10, 2009): 198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2009.16.02.2895.
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Objective: To assess the reliability of the first set of CK-MB in establishing diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in different subgroups of the patients according to their time of presentation after symptom onset. Material a n d m e t h o d s : Prospective observational study was carried out in Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/National Institute of Heart Diseases (AFIC/NIHD) Rawalpindi, from April to September 2005. We studied 300 consecutive cases presenting with typical electrocardiographic changes of acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction to the Emergency & Reception department of AFIC/NIHD (confirmed later on as acute STEMI with raised serial serum cardiac enzymes levels). We documented values of CK-MB at the time of presentation in different subgroups of the patients according to duration of symptom onset. R e s u l t s : This study was predominantly male dominated (approximately 78%), with a mean age of 58 +11 years. Majority of patients i.e.216 (72%) presented within first 6 hours of onset of symptoms, 60 (20%) within 6-12 hrs, 6 (2%) within 12-24 hrs and 18 (6%) after 24 hrs of onset of symptoms. Overall serum cardiac enzymes sent at the time of presentation revealed that 126 (42%) patients had normal CK-MB (<24U/L) and another 66 (22%) had a minimal rise in CK-MB (25-49 U/L). Only 108 (36%) patients 3 had serum CK-MB levels more than double the normal value. Amongst the patients presenting within the first 6 hours of onset of symptoms, 104 (48%) had normal CK-MB values, 48 (22%) had a minimal rise (<49 U/L) and only 64 (30%) had a significant rise in CK-MB levels i.e. more than double the normal values or more than 5% of CK value. Out of 60 patients who presented within 6-12 hours of onset of symptoms, 54(90%) had more than double the normal value of CK-MB and 6(10%) had mild rise in CK-MB. All the patients (100%) who presented within 12-24 hours of onset of symptoms i.e. 6(2%) and more than 24 hours 18(6%) had significant rise in CK-MB. C o n c l u s i o n : This study shows that the first set of CK-MB alone has very little value in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction especially in the patients who presented within 6 hours of onset of symptoms. Reliability of CK-MB in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction greatly improves to the maximum in those patients who present more than six hours after symptom onset.
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Arazi, Arnon, Todd Gierahn, Christopher Love, and Nir Hacohen. "A novel method for studying intercellular networks: quantifying cellular cooperativity and inferring the extracellular signals driving it." Journal of Immunology 210, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2023): 249.06. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.210.supp.249.06.
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Abstract Objective: Develop an integrated experimental-computational approach to determine the functional role played by different cell subsets and extracellular communication signals in shaping the behavior of intercellular networks. Methods: We present a microwell-based experimental system, that allows isolating and culturing small groups (up to a few dozens) of cells over extended periods of time, while monitoring their interactions and states using fluorescence microscopy. In parallel, we present a computational framework that uses the data generated by this system for estimating the degree of intercellular cooperativity associated with observed behaviors of the interacting cells, and for inferring the contribution of measured extracellular signals in shaping these behaviors. Results: We used our approach to study the differentiation of mouse Th17 cells. We show that this process requires a relatively large number (> 10) of intermediate intercellular communication steps, in which information processing is carried out by a relatively small percentage (10–20%) of the interacting cells. We correctly predict a correlation between the time in which communication signals are expressed during differentiation, and the degree of intercellular cooperativity associated with their production. Furthermore, we show that we can accurately predict cell-level behaviors. In addition, we correctly identify previously-known effects of cytokines on cell survival, and further predict novel relations, which we validate experimentally. Conclusions: We present a new and general approach for the study of collective cellular behaviors, identifying the key cell subsets and extracellular communication signals driving them. This work was supported in part by National Human Genome Research Institute Centers of Excellence in Genomics Science P50 HG006193 (N.H.), by National Institutes of Health Grants P01 AI045757 and DP3 DK09768101 (J.C.L.) and by the U. S. Army Research Office through the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, under contract number W911NF-13-D-0001 (J.C.L.). This work was also supported in part by the Koch Institute Support (core) Grant P30-CA14051 from the National Cancer Institute. J.C.L. is a Camille Dreyfus Teacher-Scholar.
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Bilovol, Alla M., Svitlana H. Tkachenko, Oleksandra А. Havryliuk, Alla А. Berehova, Yevheniia H. Tatuzian, Nataliia L. Kolhanova, and Svitlana O. Stetsenko. "LICHEN PLANUS AND COMORBID CONDITIONS (A REVIEW OF LITERATURE)." Wiadomości Lekarskie 72, no. 3 (2019): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36740/wlek201903124.
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Introduction: The studying of the comorbidity of skin diseases is a priority scientific direction in modern dermatology. Comorbid conditions aggravate the course of the underlying disease, reduce the effectiveness of diagnosis and treatment can lead to chronization of the process, disability of patients. Understanding of the commonality of pathogenesis and the mutually complicating nature of comorbidity makes a possible to prescribe individual rational treatment. The aim of the study was search and analysis of the data of review, experimental and clinical scientific and medical publications on the issues of the comorbidity of LP. Materials and methods: an analysis of the studying of the scientific and medical literature was shown. Searching was carried out through the PubMed/MEDLINE portal from the databases of the National Center Biotechnology Information, U. S. National Library of Medicine, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, as well as the portals «Scientific Electronic Library eLIBRARY.RU», «Russian Science Citation Index (RSCI)» and «Index Copernicus». Conclusions: The main global trends of comorbidity of LP are determined. The results of these studies can form the basis for updating of clinical guidelines for the management of patients with LP at the international and local levels.
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Exner, Nina. "Data Management Support for Faculty Facing New Funding Mandates: The Case of the U. S. Department of Agriculture's National Institute of Food and Agriculture." New Review of Academic Librarianship 24, no. 1 (November 9, 2017): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13614533.2017.1400446.
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Krishnan, Nadiya, Sukhpal Kaur, Deepika Rana, Dimple Kathania, Godawari Thakur, and Gurinder Kaur. "Knowledge, Attitude and Perception Regarding Organ Donation among the Nursing Students." Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, Education and Research 49, no. 3 (2015): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1157.
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ABSTRACT A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken to assess the knowledge, attitude and perception regarding organ donation among the nursing students. The study was conducted at National Institute of Nursing Education, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh. Using stratified systematic random sampling technique, 200 nursing student undergoing graduation and postgraduation courses were enrolled in the study. The tool used for data collection was a self-administered structured questionnaire consisting of three parts, i.e. information profile, assessment of knowledge, and assessment of attitude and perception regarding organ donation. For the assessment of knowledge, 17 multiple choice questions with one correct answer was used. The maximum attainable score was 18. One question had two right answers and was given a score of two. A five point Likert scale consisting of 15 questions was used for assessment of both attitude and perception of subjects regarding organ donation. Maximum attainable score was 65. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of study revealed that 74.5% of the subjects had average knowledge, 22% had poor knowledge and only 3.5% had good level of knowledge regarding organ donation. The mean knowledge score of the subjects was 10.56 ± 2.01 with the range of 5 to 17. Regarding attitude and perception toward organ donation, 55.5% had neutral attitude and perception, 43.5% had positive attitude and perception and only 1% had negative attitude and perception. It was concluded that majority of students had average knowledge about organ donation with neutral or positive attitude and perception. There is need to organize separate educational programs on organ donation for the nursing students other than their classroom teaching. How to cite this article Kaur S, Ghai S, Krishnan N, Rana D, Kathania D, Kaur G, Thakur G, Kaur G. Knowledge, Attitude and Perception Regarding Organ Donation among the Nursing Students. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(3):105-110.
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Джагунова, Олена. "ПРОФЕСІЙНА ПІДГОТОВКА ВЧИТЕЛІВ У СИСТЕМІ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ УКРАЇНИ 1930-2020 РР. НА ПРИКЛАДІ УМАНСЬКОГО ПЕДАГОГІЧНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ: ІСТОРІОГРАФІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ." Уманська старовина, no. 8 (December 30, 2021): 244–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31499/2519-2035.8.2021.249995.
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Ключові слова: освіта, вища освіта, педагогічні заклади вищої освіти, Уманський педагогічний університет.
Анотація
У статті висвітлено історичні та історіографічні дослідження, які стосуються розвитку та реформування вищої педагогічної освіти загалом та Уманського державного педагогічного університету зокрема. Показано узагальнювальні праці вчених з історії вищої педагогічної освіти, про особливості становлення і розвитку педагогічних інститутів та діяльність їх структурних підрозділів і науково-педагогічних кадрів в Україні, зокрема на Черкащині. Проаналізовано праці, присвячені історії Уманського державного педагогічного університету імені Павла Тичини, де розглянуто окремі періоди діяльності інституту, його підрозділів та окремих викладачів.
Посилання
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Farias Gomes, Myllena, Gerliane Filgueira Leite, Bianca Fernandes Marcelino, Thays Lopes Lucas, Aline Sampaio Rolim de Sena, and Woneska Rodrigues Pinheiro. "Fatores relacionados a traumas e complicações torácicas após massagem cardíaca." Nursing (São Paulo) 25, no. 286 (March 15, 2022): 7420–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36489/nursing.2022v25i286p7420-7435.
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Objetivo: identificar quais os principais fatores relacionados às complicações torácicas após massagem cardíaca. Método: Consiste em uma revisão integrativa da literatura. Utilizou-se a estratégia de População, Interesse e Contexto (PICo) para a construção da pergunta norteadora. As buscas foram realizadas entre os meses de julho a setembro de 2021 na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), e bases de dados: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e no serviço da U. S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) PubMed. Após filtragem, foram obtidos 250 artigos que com a leitura criteriosa dos títulos, resumos e aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 10 estudos foram selecionados. Resultados: existem fatores que interferem na eficácia da compressão e podem comprometer a saúde do indivíduo. Conclusão: apesar da massagem cardíaca possuir riscos, é imprescindível a sua realização no atendimento pré-hospitalar da PCR.
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Tobisu, Mamoru, Naoto Chatani, and Victor Snieckus. "Cluster Preface: C–O And Related Bond Activation." Synlett 28, no. 19 (November 20, 2017): 2559–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1592031.
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Mamoru Tobisu received his PhD from Osaka University under the direction of Prof. Shinji Murai (2001). During his PhD studies, he was a visiting scientist (1999) with Prof. Gregory C. Fu at MIT. Following a period as a scientist at the Takeda Pharmaceutical Company (2001–2005), he started his academic career at Osaka University in 2005 as an assistant professor with Prof. Naoto Chatani. He was then appointed as an associate professor at the Center for Atomic and Molecular Technologies at Osaka University (2011) and was promoted to full professor at the Department of Applied Chemistry of Osaka University (2017). He received the Thieme Chemistry Journals Award (2008), the Chemical Society of Japan Award for Young Chemists (2009), the Young Scientists’ Award, a Commendation for Science and Technology from the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (2012), the Merck-Banyu Lectureship Award (2012), Thomson Reuters Research Front Award (2016), and the Mukaiyama Award (2018). Naoto Chatani received his PhD in 1984 under Professors Noboru Sonoda and Shinji Murai. In 1984, he joined the Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research at Osaka University as an Assistant Professor in the laboratory of Professor Terukiyo Hanafusa. After postdoctoral studies (1988–1989 under Professor Scott E. Denmark at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign), he moved back to Osaka University and was promoted to the rank of Associate Professor (1992) and to Full Professor (2003). He is a recipient of The Chemical Society of Japan Award for Young Chemists (1990), The Green & Sustainable Chemistry Award from the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (2005), the Nagoya Silver Medal (2013), The Chemical Society of Japan Award (2017), a Humboldt Research Award (2017), a Clarivate Analytics Highly Cited Researcher (2017) and will be a recipient of an Arthur C. Cope Scholar Award (2018). Victor Snieckus was born in Kaunas, Lithuania and spent his childhood in Germany during World War II. He received training at U. Alberta, Canada, (B.Sc.), U. California, Berkeley (M.Sc. D.S. Noyce), and U. Oregon (Ph.D. Virgil Boekelheide). He returned to his adopted country for postdoctoral studies (National Research Council, Ottawa, Ted Edwards). Appointments: U. of Waterloo, Assistant (1966) to Professor (1979); Monsanto/NRC Industrial Research Chair, 1992–1998; Queen’s University, Inaugural Bader Chair in Organic Chemistry (1998–2009); Bader Chair Emeritus and Director, Snieckus Innovations, 2009-. Selective awards: A.C. Cope Scholar (2001, one of 5 Canadians), Order of the Grand Duke Gediminas (2002, from the President of Lithuania), Arvedson-Schlenk (2003, Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker), Bernard Belleau (2005, Canadian Society for Chemistry), Givaudan-Karrer Medal (2008, U. Zurich), Honoris causa (2009, Technical U. Tallinn, Estonia), Global Lithuanian Award (2012), Yoshida Lectureship (2017). He hopes that he has only temporarily discontinued playing hockey and wishes also to return to the clarinet.
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Borshchevskaya, L. N., A. N. Kalinina, S. P. Sineoky, and M. D. Kashirskaya. "Effect of Overexpression of the HAC1 Genes from Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the Heterologous Phytase and Xylanase Production by P. pastoris." Biotekhnologiya 35, no. 6 (2019): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21519/0234-2758-2019-35-6-57-66.
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Effect of overexpression of the HAC1 genes from Pichia pastoris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the production of heterologous enzymes, Escherichia coli phytase and Paenibacillus brasilensis xylanase, in P. pastoris cells has been studied. Codon composition of the phytase and xylanase encoding genes was optimized, and the genes were expressed in P. pastoris under the control of AOX1 promoter. The obtained multi-copy strains produced in vitro 927 U/mL phytase and 1,401 U/ml xylanase activity. Overexpression of the HAC1 gene from P. pastoris was shown to increase the phytase and xylanase production by 46% and 41%, respectively. Overexpression of HAC1 from S. cerevisiae increased the phytase production by 28% and xylanase by 20%. Data obtained could be helpful in the construction of industrial enzyme-producing strains based on P. pastoris. phytase, xylanase, Нас1р transcription activator, UPR, Pichia pastoris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae The work was carried out using Multipurpose Scientific Installation All-Russian Collection of Industrial Microorganisms National Bioresource Center, NRC «Kurchatov Institute» -GosNIIgenetika. The authors are grateful to A.V. Nikulin (Sintol LLC, Russia) for the assistance in the real-time PCR experiments. The work was financially supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Unique Identifiers of the Projects are RFMEFI57917X0145 and RFMEFI60717X0180).
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Mirvis, David M., Marshall J. Graney, Leslie Ingram, Jun Tang, and Anne Osborne Kilpatrick. "Burnout and Psychological Stress among Deans of Colleges of Medicine: A National Study." Journal of Health and Human Services Administration 29, no. 1 (March 2006): 4–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107937390602900103.
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Psychological burnout may inhibit the ability of deans of colleges of medicine to effectively lead their organizations during periods of rapid change. The objective of this study was measure the prevalence and intensity of the psychological components of burnout and their correlates among deans of U.S. colleges of medicine. To do so, questionnaires that burnout, job stressors, personal support systems and job satisfaction were sent to deans of all U. S. colleges of medicine, and selected deans of nursing schools, and other academic health center leaders. Medical school deans exhibited a high prevalence of depersonalization (42.9% of respondents), emotional exhaustion (25.4%), and reduced personal accomplishment (27.0%). High levels of these subdomains and of overall burnout intensity significantly correlated with high levels of personal, job, and environmental stress; low levels of support or coping resources; high prevalence of physical and behavioral symptoms; and reduced job satisfaction. Deans of colleges of medicine frequently exhibit characteristics of burnout that may impede effective leadership. These characteristics are likely to intensify unless specific interventions are devised and implemented.
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Hoff, Emily, Bilal Ashraf, Jillian Smartt, Kapila Marambage, and Kavita Bhavan. "612. Empowering Patients with Addiction to Self-Administer Parenteral Antibiotics at Home: A Pilot Project." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S409—S410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.810.
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Abstract Background Nearly 20% of people in the United States use drugs each year. People who use drugs (PWUD) are predisposed to complex infections that require long term intravenous (IV) antibiotics. A frequent clinical quandary in PWUD is safe administration of extended IV antibiotics. Current standard of care is IV antibiotic administration in skilled nursing facilities. In this system, PWUD frequently do not finish antibiotic therapy, resulting in avoidable complications of untreated infections and increased healthcare utilization. We present a pilot study of ten patients with a history of addiction who required long-term IV antibiotics to evaluate the feasibility of self administered outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy (S-OPAT) for PWUD. Methods Ten patients who had a history of mild addiction and stable housing, social support and transportation were enrolled at Parkland Health and Hospital System to complete S-OPAT. We extracted demographic, drug use, clinical and access to care variables and patients were followed with weekly clinical appointments. Addiction severity was defined using the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) -Modified ASSIST Score. We completed post-intervention surveys to evaluate the impact of the intervention on provider-patient trust. Results A total of 10 patients were enrolled in S-OPAT (Table 1). The patients were 48 years old on average, all were male and seven were Hispanic. All patients had stimulant use disorder and no patients had commercial insurance. Treated infections were bone/ joint and skin/soft tissue in origin. All patients completed their antibiotic course, nearly all appointments were attended (96%) and there were no 30-day hospital readmissions (Table 2). More than two-third of patients experienced improvement in addiction severity with progress in multiple psychosocial factors including housing instability, social support and legal problems (Figure 1; Table 2). Table 1. Demographic, substance use and clinical variables among people who use drugs enrolled in the pilot project for S-OPAT (N=10). Table 2. Clinical, drug use and psychosocial outcomes among people who use drugs and received S-OPAT (N=10). Addiction severity was defined using the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) -Modified ASSIST Score. Figure 1. Progression of addiction severity before and after completion of self-administered outpatient parenteral antibiotic therapy pilot among patients with a history of drug use (N=10). Addiction severity was defined using the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) -Modified ASSIST Score. Conclusion We demonstrate that PWUD can successfully complete S-OPAT with simultaneous improvement in addiction severity and psychosocial factors. We hope to create a framework for the patient-centered administration of extended courses of antibiotics for PWUD and to advocate for the expansion of individualized approaches to extended courses of IV antibiotics for PWUD. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Banerjee, Aniruddha, Laijun Nahar, Showket Ahmad Bhat, Ashutosha Kumar, Rachna Goenka, Pralay Sharma, Swapan Paul, et al. "Effectiveness of Adjunctive Mother Tinctures to Individualized Homeopathic Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases: An Open Randomized Pragmatic Pilot Trial." Homœopathic Links 33, no. 01 (March 2020): 007–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1701672.
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Abstract Background We evaluated whether adjunctive mother tinctures (MTs) to individualized homeopathy (IH) have significant effect beyond IH alone in treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD). Methods An open, randomized (1:1; IH + MT versus IH only), two parallel arms, pragmatic trial (n = 60) was conducted at National Institute of Homoeopathy, India. Primary outcomes were forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC, measured at baseline and 6 months; secondary outcomes were Bengali COPD assessment test (CAT-B) questionnaire and (clinical COPD questionnaire) CCQ-B, measured at baseline, and after 3 and 6 months; and exacerbation frequencies during 6 months. Results Five patients dropped out (IH + MT: 3, IH: 2). Though intragroup changes were significant, intergroup differences of spirometric changes over 6 months were nonsignificant (Mann Whitney U test); FEV1 (P 0–6 = 0.761), FVC (P 0–6 = 0.512), and FEV1/FVC (P 0–6 = 0.741). Over 3 and 6 months, differences of changes in CAT-B (P 0–3 = 0.553 and P 0–6 = 0.900) and CCQ-B (P 0–3 = 0.428 and P 0–6 = 0.953) scores were also nonsignificant. Exacerbation frequencies were nonsignificant between groups over 6 months (p = 1.000). Conclusion Although adjunctive MTs to IH could not produce any treatment benefits in COPD, the trial being underpowered, cautious interpretation is necessary. Trial registration CTRI/2018/04/013394.
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Evans, David D., William D. Walton, Howard R. Baum, Kathy A. Notarianni, Edward J. Tennyson, and Peter A. Tebeau. "MESOSCALE EXPERIMENTS HELP TO EVALUATE IN-SITU BURNING OF OIL SPILLS1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1993, no. 1 (March 1, 1993): 755–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1993-1-755.
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ABSTRACT Burning of spilled oil has distinct advantages over other cleanup countermeasures. It offers the potential to convert rapidly large quantities of oil into its primary combustion products, carbon dioxide and water, with a small percentage of other unburned and residue byproducts. Disadvantages include the dispersal of the combustion products into the air. Mesoscale and laboratory experiments have been conducted to measure the burning characteristics of crude oil fires. Measurements on crude oil pool fires from 0.4 m to 17.2 m in effective diameter were made to obtain data on the rate of burning, heat release rate, composition of the combustion products, and downwind dispersion of the products. The smaller experiments were performed in laboratories at the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Fire Research Institute in Japan; and the larger ones at the U. S. Coast Guard Fire Safety and Test Detachment in Mobile, Alabama. From these experiments, the value for surface regression rate of a burning crude oil spill was found to be 0.055 mm/s. A major concern for public safety is the content and extent of the smoke plume from the fires. Smoke yield, the fraction of the oil mass burned that is emitted as particulate, was found to be 13 percent. A large-eddy simulation calculation method for smoke plume trajectory and smoke particulate deposition developed by NIST showed that the smoke particulate deposition from a 114 m2 burn would occur in striations over a long, slender area 3.2 km wide and 258 km downwind of the burn.
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Pivovarenko, Alexander Al. "Local History or New Dimensions in Croatian-Italian Relations? A Review of a Book by F. Škiljan “Italians in Zagreb” [Škiljan F. Talijani u Zagrebu. Zagreb: Zajednica Talijana u Zagrebu, 2015. 95, 101 s.]." Slavic World in the Third Millennium 15, no. 3-4 (2020): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/2412-6446.2020.15.3-4.13.
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This review is dedicated to the monograph by Filip Škiljan, а Researcher from the Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies (Zagreb), whose area of interest includes the position of ethnic minorities in contemporary Croatia. The book is an extremely detailed and scrupulous piece of research on the origins and history of the Italian community in Zagreb from the 12th Century to the present day. A significant part of the work is devoted to the results of field research conducted by the author, including interviews with different representatives of the Italian diaspora. As a result, this work creates a very comprehensive picture of the Italian presence in Zagreb with a broad historical perspective, which makes it a great contribution to the question of the position of the Italian minority in Croatia as a whole. It is worth emphasizing that this work is not free from different theoretical and methodological limitations which reveal a great deal about the historical and national psychology of Croatia. In this respect, it is quite interesting to look in particular at the chapter devoted to the Middle Ages regarding the methods, evaluations, and approaches used by author. According to F. Škiljan the Ottoman conquest of the Balkan peninsula led to the divide between Croatia and the Italian (and, consequently, European) civilizational space, which had a serious impact on Croatian identity.
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Dash, Chinmaya, Ayusman Satapathy, Sumit Bansal, and Rabi Narayan Sahu. "Neurotrauma at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhubaneswar: An Overview." Indian Journal of Neurotrauma 16, no. 02/03 (August 2019): 113–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3402822.
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Abstract Background The All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bhubaneswar was established as an Institution of National Importance through the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (Amendment) Ordinance passed on July 16, 2012. It is estimated that road traffic accidents lead to economic loss to the tune of approximately 3% of gross domestic product. Centers of excellence for neurotrauma are the need of the hour, and the Indian Government is focusing on preventive and curative aspects of road traffic accidents to a great extent in the recent years. In this article, we would like to highlight the resources (manpower, infrastructure, etc.) available for neurotrauma, challenges ahead, and vision for the future. Trauma Audit A retrospective analysis of all the admitted patients of traumatic brain injury (TBI) was performed from November 2018 to October 2019. A total of 149 patients were admitted during this period. Of the 149 admitted patients, 88 had mild TBI, 39 had moderate TBI, and 22 had severe TBI. The mortality was highest in patients with severe TBI, with 45.45% mortality. A total of 29 patients with traumatic spine injury were admitted during this period. Of the 29 patients, 10 had cervical spine injury, 10 had dorsal spine injury, and 9 had lumbar spine injury. Of all these patients, two patients with cervical spine injury died of refractory shock. Perceived Limitations and Challenges Lack of dedicated round-the-clock emergency operating rooms (ORs) for neurosurgical procedures, adequate number of intensive care unit (ICU) beds, various gadgets in the ICU for neurocritical care, lack of rehabilitation facilities/center, lack of various OR gadgets, and lack of manpower, especially trained nursing staff, are the limitations perceived by us. Vision for the Future A trauma block has been approved, and work on it has begun. This shall greatly help in upgrading facilities for neurotrauma at AIIMS, Bhubaneswar. Conclusion Facilities for neurotrauma at AIIMS Bhubaneswar are gradually being upgraded. With a core team, the services are improving gradually. However, the institution is in its early years, and a lot more needs to be done in terms of manpower, gadgets, and infrastructure to further improve neurotrauma care at AIIMS, Bhubaneswar. This article may help in formulating guidelines for strengthening neurotrauma facilities in AIIMS, Bhubaneswar and all the new AIIMS established in India.
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Buianovskyi, A. O., and Ye N. Krasiekha. "INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC EVENT “IMPACT OF THE DETERIORATION OF THE KAHOVKA RESERVOIR ON THE ECOLOGY AND ECONOMIES OF THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA REGION”." Odesa National University Herald. Geography and Geology 28, no. 2(43) (December 29, 2023): 219–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2303-9914.2023.2(43).292754.
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On July 27, in Odesa, the International Event “Impact of the Deterioration of the Kahovka Reservoir on the Ecology and Economies of the Northern Black Sea Region” took place in a hybrid format, organized by the Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (NAAS). Тhe international scientific event was held on the basis of the Faculty of Geology and Geography of the Odesa I. I. Mechnikov National University in a mixed format (face-to-face and remotely in video-conference mode). The event was attended by representatives of the European Commission, the U. S. Embassy’s Attaché, representatives from NAAS Ukraine and other scientific research institutions, the Ministry of Agriculture and Food of Ukraine, FAO in Ukraine, government officials, leading experts, and scientific researchers. Participants shared their findings regarding the consequences of the reservoir’s deterioration on fishing, agriculture, tourism, transportation, and other sectors of the economy that rely on the resources provided by the reservoir. They also discussed possible solutions and strategies to minimize the negative impacts. The results of the event will lead to proposals for government authorities and regional administrations, discussions on the possibility of engaging donors, and the formation of a platform for leading scientists to discuss various forecasting models.
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Lee, H. B., C. J. Kim, H. Y. Mun, J. P. Hong, and D. A. Glawe. "First Report of Powdery Mildew on Trident Maple Caused by Sawadaea nankinensis in Korea." Plant Disease 93, no. 12 (December 2009): 1348. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-12-1348c.
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Trident maple (Acer buergerianum Miq.) is widely grown in Korea as an ornamental tree as well as for the art of bonsai. During 2008 and 2009, a powdery mildew was observed on trident maple plants at the campus of Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea. Further surveys revealed the disease to be widespread on this species in other areas including Jeonbuk and Chungnam provinces in Korea. White, superficial mycelia were observed on young shoots and leaves early in spring. Both macroconidia and microconidia were produced beginning in May and conidial production continued through the summer into September and October. Production of chasmothecia was observed starting in September and continued into October. Macroconidia were produced in chains that were sinuate in outline. Individual macroconidia were barrel shaped and 23.4 to 30.0 (26.6) × 15.6 to 21.1 (18.1) μm. Foot cells of macroconidial conidiophores were 26.7 to 110.7 (48) × 7.1 to 11.2 (8.8) μm with one to five following cells. Microconidia were broadly ellipsoidal to subglobose and 8.9 to 12.5 (10.5) × 4.3 to 5.8 (5.1) μm. Chasmothecia typically were formed on adaxial leaf surfaces and 193.2 to 238.1 (216.8) μm in diameter. Appendages bore uncinate to circinate apices and were 176.8 to 267.7 (211.5) × 4.3 to 8.0 (6.2) μm. From extracted genomic DNA, internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region inclusive of 5.8S rDNA was amplified with ITS1F (5′-CTTGGTCATTTAGAGGAAGT-3′) and LR5F (5′-GCTATCCTGAGGGAAAC-3′) primers. The causal fungus was determined to be Sawadaea nankinensis (F.L. Tai) S. Takam. & U. Braun (2) on the basis of morphological data and ITS rDNA sequences. A BLAST search of GenBank with an ITS sequence from this fungus determined that the five sequences exhibiting the highest max score values (1,811 to 2,004) were from S. nankinensis; these sequences produced max ident values from 94% to 99%. In contrast, max score and max ident values from sequences of other Sawadaea spp. were lower, including scores of 1,063 and 98% similarity for S. polyfida var. japonica, 915 and 97% for S. tulasnei, and 913 and 97% for S. bicornis. Pathogenicity tests were conducted on field-grown plants in two replicates. These plants were inoculated with a paintbrush to apply conidia (~5 × 106/ml) collected from powdery-mildew-infected leaves. Inoculated plants developed powdery mildew symptoms within 5 days of inoculation and resembled those observed on naturally infected plants. S. nankinensis (synonym Uncinula nankinensis) was first reported on A. buergerianum from China in 1930 (2). Recently, S. nankinensis (F.L. Tai) S. Takam & U. Braun was reported to occur on A. buergerianum in Japan (3). Until now, three Sawadaea spp. (S. bicornis (Wallr.) Homma, S. negundinis Homma, and S. tulasnei (Fuckel) Homma) have been reported to cause powdery mildew on A. ginnala, but only S. bicornis (= U. circinata Cooke & Peck) has been reported to cause powdery mildew on A. ginnala in Korea (1). However, no Sawadaea sp. previously was reported to cause powdery mildew on A. buergerianum. To our knowledge, this is the first report of powdery mildew on trident maple (A. buergerianum) caused by S. nankinensis in Korea. References: (1) H. D. Shin. Erysiphaceae of Korea. National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2000. (2) F. L. Tai. Page 1517 in: Sylloge Fungorum Sinicorum. Science Press, Academia Sinica, Peking, 1979. (3) S. Takamatsu et al. Mycoscience 49:161, 2008.
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Pravisay-Malmstadt, Catherine, and Connie K. Y. Nguyen-Truong. "Essential Engagement as the First Step in Gaining Entrée into the Laotian American Community on Cervical Cancer Screening." Asian/Pacific Island Nursing Journal 5, no. 3 (December 7, 2020): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31372/20200503.1095.
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Asian American women, including Laotian American women (LAW), have the lowest rate of being up to date with cervical cancer (CC) screenings at 75% compared to other ethnic groups (85% White, 86% Black, 79% Hispanic, 79% American Indian/Alaska Native; American Cancer Society, 2019; Nghiem, Davies, Chan, Mulla, & Cantor, 2016). This rate is substantially lower than the national objective of 93% (Healthy People.gov, 2020). CC is highly treatable if caught early in the localized stage with a 91.8% 5-year survival rate (National Cancer Institute, n.d.). There is scant research on the incidence and factors surrounding CC screening in Laotian Americans and has primarily been representative of California. The Portland metropolitan area in the United States’ (U.S.) Pacific Northwest has one of the top ten highest Laotian American populations (Greblo, 2011). The Laotian American cultural community leaders (CCLs) in the Pacific Northwest expressed to our academic project team at Washington State University Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine and the College of Nursing that the Laotian American community is a private ethnic group wary of those from the outside and particularly researchers.
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Smith, B., L. Goldberg, and W. Ceusters. "A Terminological and Ontological Analysis of the NCI Thesaurus." Methods of Information in Medicine 44, no. 04 (2005): 498–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634000.
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Summary Objective: The National Cancer Institute Thesaurus is described by its authors as “a biomedical vocabulary that provides consistent, unambiguous codes and definitions for concepts used in cancer research” and which “exhibits ontology-like properties in its construction and use”. We performed a qualitative analysis of the Thesaurus in order to assess its conformity with principles of good practice in terminology and ontology design. Materials and Methods: We used both the on-line browsable version of the Thesaurus and its OWL-representation (version 04.08b, released on August 2, 2004), measuring each in light of the requirements put forward in relevant ISO terminology standards and in light of ontological principles advanced in the recent literature. Results: We found many mistakes and inconsistencies with respect to the term-formation principles used, the underlying knowledge representation system, and missing or inappropriately assigned verbal and formal definitions. Conclusion: Version 04.08b of the NCI Thesaurus suffers from the same broad range of problems that have been observed in other biomedical terminologies. For its further development, we recommend the use of a more principled approach that allows the Thesaurus to be tested not just for internal consistency but also for its degree of correspondence to that part of reality which it is designed to represent.
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Moshyk, A. M., A. Kushniruk, J. R. Moehr, and A. M. Grant. "Reflections on an Arranged Marriage between Bioinformatics and Health Informatics." Methods of Information in Medicine 42, no. 02 (2003): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634321.
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Summary Objective: To compare the discussions of two workshops held during 2001 by two Canadian organisations, HEALNet, a Network of Centres of Excellence for research in health information applications, and Genome Canada, a national research funding agency for genomics and proteomics, in collaboration with the Institute of Genetics of the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, to examine strategic research development in Health Informatics and Bioinformatics respectively. Methods: Invited workshops with structured debate. Concept analysis of preparative material and debates. Results: A predominantly common set of concepts was discerned from both workshops. Analysis of published definitions showed an inability to distinguish a definition that would suggest that health informatics and bioinformatics are separate disciplines. In both workshops there was evidence of deep concerns of identity, the lack of clear structures to support research funding as well as uncertainty in distinguishing between service and research. Conclusions: Many deep issues currently inhibit the recognition and funding of research in health and bioinformatics in Canada and elsewhere. Some of these issues are common to both health and bioinformatics. The overlap in prevailing definitions, research concerns and methodological content in the respective domains suggest that common research needs should be better identified and reinforced for the benefit of both.
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Krehkovska-Lepiavko, O. M., B. A. Lokay, and R. K. Volkov. "Advanced physical assessment as a course of studies for future masters of science in nursing at I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University." Вісник медичних і біологічних досліджень, no. 1 (January 16, 2023): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/bmbr.2706-6290.2023.1.13353.
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Summary. Advanced research and assessment of the patient's health status plays a key role in the practice of a nurse. As autonomous, independent health care providers, nurses perform health assessments to evaluate patient needs and determine the best treatments. Advanced health assessment is a systematic process for evaluating the physical, mental and functional aspects of patient health. Mastering this diagnostic tool is vital to nurse`s practice because health assessment forms the basis of patient care The aim of the study – to describe and analyze the academic program of the course Advanced Physical Assessment, branch of knowledge – 22 HEALTH CARE, specialty “223 NURSING”, training program “NURSING”, degree of higher education – Second (Master) level of higher education in the international students’ faculty of I. Horbachevsky TNMU. Materials and Methods. It was described and analyzed both the training program and the academic program of the course of studies “Advanced Physical Assessment”, available for students of the second degree of higher education in the Institute of Nursing, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University. Results. The course of studies “Advanced Physical Assessment”, which was developed according to the requirements of the training program is aimed at development of systemic knowledge and understanding of conceptual foundations by students utilizing systematic history taking and the knowledge of therapeutic communication to elicit subjective data; collecting objective data; validating, analyzing and documentation of those data. This course ensures the acquisition of the appropriate competences and program learning outcomes, consists of lectures, training sessions and student`s independent work. It presents an overview of the full and comprehensive health assessment of patients across the life span. It emphasizes multiple aspects of advanced health assessment, including physical, functional and mental health assessment along with transcultural variations. Conclusions. According to the requirements of the training program “Nursing” the course of studies “Advanced Physical Assessment” is available for students of the second (master) degree of higher education. The course of studies “Advanced Physical Assessment” consists of lectures (24 hours), training sessions (30 hours) and student’s independent work (126 hours). The course of studies “Advanced Physical Assessment” ensures the acquisition of the appropriate competences and program learning outcomes in accordance with the training program “Nursing”. The assessment of students` performance is evaluated using the criteria for assessment of students’ knowledge and skills.
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Hattan, David G. "In Utero Phase Carcinogenicity Testing." International Journal of Toxicology 17, no. 3 (April 1998): 337–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/109158198226611.
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Early experimentation with transplacental exposure (1940s) demonstrated that expression of lung tumors in mice was enhanced when urethane was given during development in utero. In 1970, a U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) expert panel on the safety evaluation of food additives and pesticides met and recommended that an in utero exposure phase be added to carcinogenicity testing (U.S. FDA, 1 971). An analysis was conducted of studies in the open scientific literature, in food additive studies available in FDA files and in studies performed by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). While exposure to rodents during only the adult phase provided qualitatively similar results, early neonatal exposure typically provided slightly higher incidences of turnors, and decreased latency to turn or onset in certain scientific studies. In a series of studies recently performed by the NIEHS with three known animal carcinogens, neonatal or adult exposure produced similar tumors in similar tissues. The food additive saccharin, which shows bladder tumors, and eugenol reliably produced tumors only with neonatal exposure. Implieations for carcinogenicity testing of food additives are discussed in light of these experi-mental findings.
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McKenna, Kerry, Gemma Sheridan, and Laraine Murray. "Compliance with a guideline on outpatient medical management of miscarriage in a gynaecology ED." British Journal of Nursing 32, no. 4 (February 23, 2023): 202–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjon.2023.32.4.202.
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This article describes the clinical audit of the Outpatient Medical Management of Miscarriage Guideline (Guideline 2) within the Gynaecology Emergency Department (GED) at a single site dedicated Gynaecology and Maternity Hospital in the UK, the Liverpool Women's NHS Foundation Trust. Clinical audits are quality improvement processes used to identify areas of improvement against a set criterion and, as a result, implement any required change(s) ( National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2002 ). An audit ensures that the guidelines have been followed to certify safe, effective treatment for women who have suffered a first trimester missed miscarriage and the audit described in this article analysed the success of treatment in avoiding admission to hospital and further intervention, such as surgery. The main findings of the audit were that the GED fell short on compliance rates against some standards, mainly standard 1 (performing a baseline point of care test to measure haemoglobin) and standard 5 (providing the patient with a follow-up phone call, with higher compliance levels to standards 3 and 4, which are in relation to prescribing and administering the treatment. The audit found that 15% of patients required further intervention such as admission to hospital for observation (9%) and surgical intervention to complete the miscarriage (6%). Further training in the clinical setting is required to ensure improved compliance with all standards. A checklist will also be created to ensure all standards are being met.
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Zhong, Xiaobo, Emerson A. Lim, Dawn L. Hershman, Carol M. Moinpour, Joseph Unger, Shing M. Lee, Xiaobo Zhong, et al. "ReCAP: Identifying Severe Adverse Event Clusters Using the National Cancer Institute’s Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events." Journal of Oncology Practice 12, no. 3 (March 2016): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.2015.006106.
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CONTEXT & QUESTION ASKED: Exploring the relationship among adverse events is important because those that arise from a common mechanism are amenable to a common intervention, which can improve symptom management, quality of life, and treatment adherence. To date, symptom cluster studies have used patient-reported data, which are not always available in clinical trials. In this study, we proposed using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) to identify adverse event clusters because the CTCAE are collected as standard practice and can therefore be used when patient-reported outcomes are unavailable. Hence, is it feasible to identify severe adverse events clusters from data captured using the CTCAE in clinical trials? SUMMARY ANSWER: Six severe adverse events clusters were identified in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Identifying adverse events clusters using CTCAE data from clinical trials is feasible. METHODS: A variable-based hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted using the CTCAE data captured from 323 patients who experienced at least one grade 3 or higher adverse event in an advanced prostate cancer randomized clinical trial conducted by SWOG (S9916). BIAS, CONFOUNDING FACTOR(S), DRAWBACKS: The difficulty of using adverse event data from clinical trials is that often not all adverse events are recorded. In our study, only the highest severity grade for each adverse event type was recorded, and only grade 3 or higher adverse events were captured reliably. Moreover, in contrast to previous publications on symptom cluster that used patient-reported outcomes, the CTCAE is clinician reported and may not accurately reflect the presence of patient symptoms and the severity of these symptoms. REAL-LIFE IMPLICATIONS: Capturing adverse events using the CTCAE, which is standard practice in all clinical trials, can be used to understand the relationships among adverse events and to identify adverse events clusters when patient-reported outcomes are unavailable. [Figure: see text]
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Dolin, R. H., A. Boxwala, and J. Shalaby. "A Pharmacogenomics Clinical Decision Support Service Based on FHIR and CDS Hooks." Methods of Information in Medicine 57, S 02 (December 2018): e115-e123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1676466.
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Objectives Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is often considered a low-hanging fruit for genomics–electronic health record (EHR) integrations, and many have expressed the notion that drug–gene interaction checking might one day become as much a commodity in EHRs as drug–drug and drug–allergy checking. In addition, the U.S. Office of the National Coordinator has recognized the trend toward storing complete sequencing data outside the EHR in a Genomic Archiving and Communication System (GACS) and has emphasized the need for “pilots that test Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) Genomics for GACS integration with EHRs.” We sought to develop a PGx clinical decision support (CDS) service, leveraging the emerging FHIR and CDS Hooks standards, and based on an assumption that pharmacogene sequencing data would be stored alongside the EHR in a GACS. Methods We developed a PGx CDS service as a functional prototype. The service is triggered by a medication order in the EHR. When evoked, the service looks for relevant genetic data in a GACS and returns corresponding recommendations back to the ordering clinician. Where the patient has no genetic data on file, the service can recommend pretreatment genetic testing where applicable. Results Overall, we were able to meet our objectives and deploy a functional prototype, interfaced with a commercial EHR. We identified several areas where FHIR or CDS Hooks lacked necessary semantics or have implementation ambiguity. Primary FHIR challenges included multiple ways to say the same thing, which exacerbated the complexity of variant to allele conversion and lack of representation of deoxyribonucleic acid region(s) studied. Primary CDS Hooks challenges included the complexity of executing an authenticated query against one system (GACS) upon being triggered by a different system (the EHR), and limitations in the types of actionable recommendations that can be returned to the EHR. Conclusions In conclusion, we have found that PGx CDS based on FHIR and CDS Hooks appears to represent a promising means of genomics–EHR integration. More real-world testing along with a set of use-case driven GACS interface requirements will push us closer to the U.S. National Human Genome Research Institute vision of a plug-in PGx app.
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Rahman, Chowdhury Urmi, Fatema Tuj Johara, and S. M. Ferdous Hossain. "Assessing the Knowledge of Nurses Regarding Hypertension Management Who are Working in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases and Hospital in Bangladesh." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH 10, no. 3 (September 30, 2016): 2116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jssr.v10i3.4693.
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Hypertension is a chronic disease, which progresses silently and leads to many complications affecting major body organs. Hypertensive patient’s awareness may be developed on the various aspects regarding disease and self-caremanagement through the health care providers. Nurses knowledge regarding hypertension plays an important role in the ability to the management of hypertension Patients [Kaur et al., 2007]. This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the Nurses knowledge regarding hypertension in National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, (NICVD), Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Sample size was selected 60 nurses through purposive sampling technique. Data were collected by using the self-administer questionnaire through maintaining face to face interview of the respondents. Data analysis procedure was done by using statistical approaches. Analyzing demographic information, it has found, most of the nurses are from older age group with majority of them belong to secondary level education, significant proportion of them have done diploma in nursing. In terms of awareness, largest number of respondents has very good knowledge on concept of hypertension. They have also fairly known about management and prevention ofhypertension. However, they have limitation in knowing causes and symptom of hypertension. In addition, they have quite poor knowledge how to control hypertension. From this study, it is concluded that, hospital management require instigating different training opportunities and learning session so that nurses would have improve their knowledge.
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ZUBCHYK, Oleh, Yevgen GREBONOZHKO, Kamal Karim KAMARAN, Kyrylo YESENNIKOV, and Ali MAHARRAMOV. "THE CONCEPT OF "STATE COMPETITIVENESS" AS AN ANALYTICAL TOOL IN RESEARCHING THE EFFICIENCY OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Public Administration 18, no. 2 (2023): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2616-9193.2023/18-8/14.
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B a c k g r o u n d . The article analyzes various approaches to understanding the effectiveness of public administration, which are in foreign and Ukrainian scientific thought. The study found that administrative efficiency is often understood as the effectiveness of the organization and functioning of public administration. Administrative efficiency is also understood as the efficiency of management bodies and officials. The authors emphasize that the principles, criteria and factors of the study of effectiveness are very vague. This affects the objectivity of the reflection of the qualitative result of the activities of the public administration body. The purpose of the article is to show that administrative efficiency is a component of the general social efficiency of public administration, so it can be studied with the help of analytical tools of competitiveness state. M e t h o d s . The study was conducted at the Department of Public Administration of the Educational and Scientific Institute of Public Administration and Civil Service of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. The main methods and approaches are institutional, sociological, historical, cultural, complex. The main sources of this study were the works of authors who investigated the effectiveness of public administration, namely, the content of the concept, approaches to evaluation, where conclusions were drawn about the effectiveness and limitations of individual methodologies. As well as Ukrainian legislation and analytical reports of international organizations on the country's competitiveness, which provide up-to-date information on the strengths and weaknesses of government institutions and state authorities. R e s u l t s . The scientific novelty of the study is that the authors offer new tools for the study of administrative efficiency. The key results and the background. It competitiveness of the state. "Competitiveness of state" in the context of studying the effectiveness and efficiency of public administration, the subjects of public administration is not considered deeply in the Ukrainian science of public administration. Moreover, in Ukraine, the effectiveness of public administration is increasingly associated with the competencies of civil servants. The authors do not agree with this position and suggest a deeper analysis, firstly, the relationship between public administration efficiency and the competitiveness of state and, secondly, a deeper study of the analytical capabilities of the theoretical and methodological construct "competitiveness of state". C o n c l u s i o n s . As a result, the authors argue that the task of administrative efficiency as an indicator is to reflect an understanding of the activities of institutions, which depends on the efficiency and behavior of both public and private actors, a legal and administrative basis within which individuals, firms and governments interact. And it determines the quality of public institutions.
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Tremper, Galina, Torben Brenner, Florian Stampe, Andreas Borg, Martin Bialke, David Croft, Esther Schmidt, and Martin Lablans. "MAGICPL: A Generic Process Description Language for Distributed Pseudonymization Scenarios." Methods of Information in Medicine 60, no. 01/02 (May 2021): 021–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1731387.
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Abstract Objectives Pseudonymization is an important aspect of projects dealing with sensitive patient data. Most projects build their own specialized, hard-coded, solutions. However, these overlap in many aspects of their functionality. As any re-implementation binds resources, we would like to propose a solution that facilitates and encourages the reuse of existing components. Methods We analyzed already-established data protection concepts to gain an insight into their common features and the ways in which their components were linked together. We found that we could represent these pseudonymization processes with a simple descriptive language, which we have called MAGICPL, plus a relatively small set of components. We designed MAGICPL as an XML-based language, to make it human-readable and accessible to nonprogrammers. Additionally, a prototype implementation of the components was written in Java. MAGICPL makes it possible to reference the components using their class names, making it easy to extend or exchange the component set. Furthermore, there is a simple HTTP application programming interface (API) that runs the tasks and allows other systems to communicate with the pseudonymization process. Results MAGICPL has been used in at least three projects, including the re-implementation of the pseudonymization process of the German Cancer Consortium, clinical data flows in a large-scale translational research network (National Network Genomic Medicine), and for our own institute's pseudonymization service. Conclusions Putting our solution into productive use at both our own institute and at our partner sites facilitated a reduction in the time and effort required to build pseudonymization pipelines in medical research.
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Costa, Taiara Souza, Ramon Amaro de Sales, Robson Argolo dos Santos, Evandro Chaves de Oliveira, Dieimes Bohry, Rodrigo Amaro de Salles, Erli Pinto dos Santos, and Rosangela Leal Santos. "Calibration Methods for Estimation of Reference Evapotranspiration in Morro Do Chapéu, Bahia, Brazil." Journal of Agricultural Science 11, no. 5 (April 15, 2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v11n5p82.
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The objective of this work was to calibrate and to validate the methods of Camargo, Hargreaves and Samani, and Priestley and Taylor, according to the Penman-Monteith model, for the estimation of reference evapotranspiration (ETo), in the four seasons of the year for the municipality of Morro do Chapéu, Bahia. Climatological data from the conventional meteorological station belonging to the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET) were used, in the period of 18 years (2000-2018). The first 16 years were considered to adjust the parameters. The years of 2016 and 2017 were assigned as independent data to validate the adjustments. To analyze the results, it was used the root mean square error (RMSE in mm d-1), coefficient of determination (R2), systematic error (BIAS in mm d-1), and Willmott’s concordance index. After adjusting the parameters, the three methods improved their performance in the estimation of ETo, however, the Camargo method presented high values of RMSE, reaching 0.41 mm d-1 during the spring. It is concluded that the calibrated methods of Hargreaves and Samani, and, Priestley and Taylor can be recommended for the estimation of the reference evapotranspiration, for planning and execution of irrigation projects in the municipality, regardless of the season.
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Aguilar, Hernan, Robertino Basso, Florencia Dolino, Ana Diaz, Nadia M. Tessore, eduardo sanroman, and Horacio F. Mayer. "553 Treatment of Scalp Pressure Ulcers with an Aerosol Formula with Silver Sulfadiazine, Lidocaine and Vitamin A: Early Clinical Experience." Journal of Burn Care & Research 42, Supplement_1 (April 1, 2021): S125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/irab032.203.
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Abstract Introduction Management of scalp pressure ulcers (SPU) in patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) remains a challenge. The impossibility of freely moving the head due to different factors such as the intubation, enteral nutrition, dialysis and use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation among others, makes the management of these wounds problematic. Herein, we present our early clinical experience in the treatment of SPU with a novel aerosol formulation of silver sulfadiazine. Methods A prospective study including all patients with SPU who were treated with an aerosol formula that includes silver sulfadiazine, lidocaine and vitamin A was carried out. Wound dressings were changed every 12h and consisted in wound cleansing, aerosol application and occlusion with sterile gauze. Evolution of each SPU was controlled with pictures and measures on the affected area every 48 hours. In order to determine the total wound area, pictures were analyzed using the Informatics Image System from the U.S National Institute of Health. Results Six patients were prospectively followed and were included in this study. There were 2 females and 4 males. Average age was 70.8 years (range 41–99), while average hospital stay in the ICU was 14 days (range 5–22). None of these patients experienced wound progression to a more critical stage. One patient had a favorable evolution from stage IV to stage II. Also, none of them showed clinical signs of a local infection of the SPU. The average quantity of aerosol used per dressing was 1.3 ml which represents 2,6 mm/day and a cost of A$106,16 (U$S 1,45). As the cost of hydrocolloid dressings, at our institution, is A$602 per dressing (U$S 8,24), this represented an important saving in costs. Conclusions In this case series, the use of this novel aerosol formulation of silver sulfadiazine has shown promising results in the treatment of SPU in patients admitted to ICU, facilitating the application and saving costs. Further and larger studies to confirm our encouraging preliminary results are warranted.
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Appiah-Anane, Sam. "Medicines reconciliation of biologics on a primary care clinical system." Journal of Prescribing Practice 3, no. 7 (July 2, 2021): 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/jprp.2021.3.7.274.
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With increasing number of biologics gaining approval from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence for a wide variety of both cancer and non-cancer clinical indications in secondary care, the need for accurate medicines reconciliation in primary care also increases. The risk of patient harm from incomplete medicines reconciliation is a consideration, particularly when patient data is transferred from a secondary care setting to a primary care setting. As part of a prescribing quality improvement project, a list of biologics prescribed by secondary care providers were reconciled on to patients' primary care clinical systems (EMIS) by clinical pharmacists and pharmacy technicians at a Clinical Commissioning Groups. Patients were identified by cross-referencing high cost drug reports with clinical diagnostic codes (a mixture of READ codes and SNOMED-CT terms) on primary care clinical systems. In total, 192 medicines were reconciled safely on the relevant patients' notes across 16 different GP practices A further 81 medicines had already been reconciled at the start of the quality improvement project. The purpose of this article is three-fold; to expand the awareness of biologics in the context of medicines optimisation in the primary care arena, to discuss medicines reconciliations of biologics in primary care, including the role(s) of pharmacy professionals, and to discuss the wider implications of prescribing biologics in the light of ethical considerations such as veganism.
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Hrecheshnyuk, Olya. "Cultural and Historical Context of Struggle of Overcoming the Traumatic Past (On the Example of Modern German Generational Novel)." Pitannâ lìteraturoznavstva, no. 108 (December 29, 2023): 49–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/pytlit2023.108.049.
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This article deals with the process of “reinterpretation of the past” in the modern German literature, social and political discourse. The research demonstrates, that the German people actively work with their own past and form new national attitudes and values. The generation, who replaced the eyewitnesses and participants of the terrible crimes of the last century (the World War ІІ, the Holocaust, National Socialism), does not distance themselves from these events, but, on the contrary, accept the whole truth. The results of the research show that after the fall of the Berlin Wall in the 90s of the 20th century, a lot of novels were published, which directly and without illusions demonstrate this most terrible page in the history of Germany. In such novels, on the example of their own family stories, the authors raise important questions about the collective guilt and responsibility of the German people for crimes against human life. The authors describe the lives of three generations of one family and demonstrate how the worldview and thoughts of people are changing over time and how this affects the process of overcoming a historical traumatic experience for German nation. This was especially shown in the works “Pawel’s letter” written by M. Maron and “Heavenly bodies” by T. Dückers, “In my brother’s shadow” by U. Timm. The similar situation we observe in the Ukrainian literature during the last twenty years. A number of authors raise important historical topics, including reinterpretation of the history and the past in their family sagas. A special attention is paid to S. Andruhovych’s novel “Amadoka”. The results of the research accentuate its key features, which emphasize the relevance of such literature. In this article the culture-historical and comparative methods are used, a lot of attention is paid to the biographical analyze.
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Copur, Mehmet Sitki, Ryan Ramaekers, Mithat Gönen, Mary Gulzow, Rebecca Hadenfeldt, Courtney Fuller, Jenifer Scott, et al. "ReCAP: Impact of the National Cancer Institute Community Cancer Centers Program on Clinical Trial and Related Activities at a Community Cancer Center in Rural Nebraska." Journal of Oncology Practice 12, no. 1 (January 2016): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jop.2015.005736.
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QUESTION ASKED: What is the impact of participating in the National Cancer Institute Community Cancer Centers Program (NCCCP) on the number of clinical trials available, number of patients enrolled in trials, and trial-related services provided to patients at a rural community-based cancer program? SUMMARY ANSWER: Significant increases in the number and percentage of patients enrolled in clinical trials, in the number of available treatment and non-treatment (eg, prevention, biospecimen, cancer control) trials, in clinical trial staffing, and in the number of tissue samples collected and/or stored were observed during the 5-year period of NCCCP. Biospecimen trials helped promote standardization of collection and storage processes in our community cancer program. Employment and utilization of a genetic counselor, smoking cessation counselor, outreach project coordinator, and two nurse navigators enabled delivery of improved cancer care continuum services to our rural patient population. METHODS: SFCTC clinical trial activities data from July 2002 to June 2007, the 5 years before participation in the NCCCP, and from July 2007 to June 2012, the 5 years during the program, were gathered and compared. Data capture included information on the number and percentage of patients on clinical trials, number and type of available clinical trials, percentage of underserved patients in clinical trials, clinical trial staffing, collection and storage of tissue samples, organizational infrastructure, linkage to NCI-designated cancer centers, and availability of new cancer care services. Percentages of patients in clinical trials were calculated as the ratio of the number of patients enrolled onto clinical trials over the number of analytic new patient cases of cancer through our tumor registry per year. Percentages of tissue samples collected and/or stored were similarly measured as the number of biospecimens collected over the number of analytic new patient cases of cancer per year. Statistical analyses were performed using chi-square and Wilcoxon tests. BIAS, CONFOUNDING FACTOR(S), DRAWBACKS: Data 5 years prior to and 5 years during NCCCP were prospectively collected. Analysis of data was performed after the completion of NCCCP. REAL-LIFE IMPLICATIONS: Improving access of all adult cancer patients to clinical trials in the communities where they live is crucial to provide the best cancer care. Participation in the NCCCP had a positive impact on our clinical trial and related activities, providing our rural Nebraska population with enhanced access to both clinical trials and cancer care services. Implementing programs and policies that facilitate the delivery of high-quality care in the community setting is feasible and greatly needed. The NCCCP had a positive impact by providing expanded spectrum of clinical trial types and programs to the population of patients in our cancer program service area. [Table: see text]
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John, Lydia, Akanksha William, Dimple Dawar, Himani Khatter, Pratibha Singh, Anjana Andrias, Christina Mochahari, Peter Langhorne, and Jeyaraj Pandian. "Implementation of a Physician-Based Stroke Unit in a Remote Hospital of North-East India-Tezpur Model." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 12, no. 02 (February 22, 2021): 356–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1723099.
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Abstract Objective The study aims to determine the effects of implementing stroke unit (SU) care in a remote hospital in North-East India. Materials and Methods This before-and-after implementation study was performed at the Baptist Christian Mission Hospital, Tezpur, Assam between January 2015 and December 2017. Before the implementation of stroke unit care (pre-SU), we collected information on usual stroke care and 1-month outcome of 125 consecutive stroke admissions. Staff was then trained in the delivery of SU care for 1 month, and the same information was collected in a second (post-SU) cohort of 125 patients. Statistical Analysis Chi-square and Mann–Whitney U test were used to compare group differences. The loss to follow-up was imputed by using multiple imputations using the Markov Chain Monto Carlo method. The sensitivity analysis was also performed by using propensity score matching of the groups for baseline stroke severity (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale) using the nearest neighbor approach to control for confounding, and missing values were imputed by using multiple imputations. The adjusted odds ratio was calculated in univariate and multivariate regression analysis after adjusting for baseline variables. All the analysis was done by using SPSS, version 21.0., IBM Corp and R version 4.0.0., Armonk, New York, United States. Results The pre-SU and post-SU groups were age and gender matched. The post-SU group showed higher rates of swallow assessment (36.8 vs. 0%, p < 0.001), mobility assessment, and re-education (100 vs. 91.5%, p = 0.037). The post-SU group also showed reduced complications (28 vs. 45%, p = 0.006) and a shorter length of hospital stay (4 ± 2.16 vs. 5 ± 2.68 days, p = 0.026). The functional outcome (modified ranking scale) at 1-month showed no difference between the groups, good outcome in post-SU (39.6%) versus pre-SU (35.7%), p = 0.552. Conclusion The implementation of this physician-based SU care model in a remote hospital in India shows improvements in quality measures, complications, and possibly patient outcomes.