Relevant bibliographies by topics / National Institute of Health Research and Development

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Academic literature on the topic 'National Institute of Health Research and Development'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "National Institute of Health Research and Development"

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Kumar, Anil. "National Institute of Rural Health for India: Need of the Hour." Epidemiology International 05, no. 04 (November 20, 2020): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2455.7048.202026.

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India being predominantly a rural country, striving hard to provide quality healthcare services to more than 890 million people who lives there. The importance given to rural health care by Govt. of India is visible through the implementation of dedicated submission under NHM, i.e., NRHM. However, there are still several rural health challenges, i.e., specific needs, belief/ superstition, scarcity of human resources in rural areas, lack of quality research/ coordination and collaboration between various sectors. The possible solutions to these challenges lie in strengthening research in rural health epidemiology, agricultural health, enhancing use of Information Technology & Telemedicine, designing specific clinical services, field practices, applying the biostatistics & mathematical modelling in decision making and mentoring the human resources in specific need of rural health. This article is an attempt to elucidate various rural health challenges and need for development of National Institute of Rural Health in India, to address the challenges of rural health and conduct before mentioned activities as an apex body.
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Portnoy, Barry, Jennifer Miller, Kathryn Brown-Huamani, and Emily DeVoto. "Impact of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Program on stimulating National Institutes of Health–funded research, 1998 to 2001." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 23, no. 3 (June 19, 2007): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266462307070511.

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Objectives:The National Institutes of Health (NIH) Consensus Development Conference (CDC) was instituted to provide evidence-based guidance on controversial medical issues to researchers, health practitioners, and the public; however, the degree of impact this activity has on stimulating relevant research is unclear. This study examines the impact of CDC statements on the initiation of related NIH-funded research projects.Methods:Six CDCs from 1998 to 2001 were examined. Research initiatives related to the Conferences' topics were collected through two discrete methods: (i) the overall number of relevant pre- and postconference research activities was compiled using NIH's Information for Management, Planning, Analysis, and Coordination II (IMPAC II) and the Department of Health and Human Services' (DHHS) Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects (CRISP) grant application and award databases; (ii) for each CDC, the sponsoring institute's conference coordinator and other identified Program Directors were queried for their knowledge of new conference-specific research initiatives sponsored by their institute. The main outcome measure was the total number of requests for applications, requests for proposals, program announcements, broad agency announcements, notices, and funded investigator-initiated research program grants (RO1s) for a given Consensus topic in the 3 years before (baseline measure) and following (measure of impact) a CDC.Results:As identified through NIH's IMPAC II and DHHS' CRISP grants and announcements databases, the total number of relevant postconference research initiatives increased for five of six CDCs when compared with baseline activity levels; research activities remained constant for the sixth. When inclusion criteria were restricted to institute-identified research initiatives, two of six CDC topics had overall increases in relevant research activity in the postconference period.Conclusions:CDCs appear to have a positive impact on the stimulation of related NIH-funded research initiatives. Future outcomes evaluations using prospective data collection methods and more robust participation by sponsoring and cosponsoring institutes should strengthen the reliability of the association between new research initiatives on a given topic and their causal relationship to a given CDC.
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Sarpatwari, Ameet, Dana Brown, and Aaron S. Kesselheim. "Development of a National Public Pharmaceutical Research and Development Institute." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 48, no. 1 (2020): 225–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110520917023.

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Bingham, Raymond J. "Findings from the National Institute of Nursing Research Related to Neonatal Care: 2008 Update." Neonatal Network 28, no. 1 (January 2009): e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0730-0832.28.1.e1.

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A new program designed to help nurses teach parents, family members, and child care providers about risks and protective practices for Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) is now available from the National Institutes of Health. The Continuing Education Program on Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) Risk Reduction was developed by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR), in collaboration with national nursing and infant health organizations. (Represented by Jeanette Xaichkin, RNC, MSN, The Academy of Neonatal Nursing Participated in the process.)
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Nyamathi, Adeline, Deborah Koniak-Griffin, and Barbara Ann Greengold. "Development of Nursing Theory and Science in Vulnerable Populations Research." Annual Review of Nursing Research 25, no. 1 (January 2007): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0739-6686.25.1.3.

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Inequalities with respect to the distribution of societal resources can predispose people to vulnerability, which has led to a growing concern across America. The Federal Government has taken a leadership role and has launched several initiatives to combat health inequalities experienced by vulnerable populations. The National Institute of Health and all of its institutes, including the National Institute of Nursing Research, have written strategic plans to reduce, and ultimately, eliminate such health disparities. Nursing research has been conducted in the setting of vulnerable populations; several theoretical models for studying vulnerability have been created; and interventional studies designed to reduce health disparities have been implemented. This introduction includes the following: (a) a definition of the concept of vulnerability and health disparities; (b) a discussion of the conceptual models of vulnerability and health disparity and their applications; (c) a description of the impact of federal funding on vulnerable populations research; (d) a synopsis of the contributions made by nurse researchers in the field of vulnerable populations research; and (e) an overview of the volume.
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Hill, PhD, MPH, Carl V., Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable, MD, Norman A. Anderson, PhD, and Marie A. Bernard, MD. "The National Institute on Aging Health Disparities Research Framework." Ethnicity & Disease 25, no. 3 (August 5, 2015): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.18865/ed.25.3.245.

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<p><strong>Objective</strong>: Development of a new framework for the National Institute on Aging (NIA) to assess progress and opportunities toward stimulating and supporting rigorous research to address health disparities.</p><p><strong>Design:</strong> Portfolio review of NIA’s health disparities research portfolio to evaluate NIA’s progress in addressing priority health<br />disparities areas.<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The NIA Health DisparitiesResearch Framework highlights important factors for health disparities research related to aging, provides an organizing structure for tracking progress, stimulates opportunities to better delineate causal pathways and broadens the scope for malleable targets for intervention, aiding in our efforts to address health disparities in the aging population.<br /><strong></strong></p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The promise of health disparitiesresearch depends largely on scientific rigor that builds on past findings and aggressively pursues new approaches. The NIA Health Disparities Framework provides a landscape for stimulating interdisciplinary<br />approaches, evaluating research productivity and identifying opportunities for innovative health disparities research related to<br />aging. <em>Ethn Dis.</em> 2015;25(3):245-254.</p>
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Brown, Alison, Scarlet Shi, Samantha Adas, Josephine Boyington, Cotton Paul, Bill Jirles, Nishadi Rajapakse, et al. "A Decade of Nutrition and Health Disparities Research at NIH, 2010–2019." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab056_001.

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Abstract Objectives Nutrition health disparities include the differences in incidence, prevalence, morbidity, and mortality of diet-related diseases and conditions that disproportionally affect disadvantaged groups (e.g., race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, disability, rural, immigration status). These disparities arise from the complex interaction of individual, interpersonal, community, and societal factors within the biological, behavioral, and environmental domains. The purpose of this study is to describe the scope of nutrition health disparities research supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) over the past decade to identify research gaps and opportunities relevant to NIH's mission. Methods Data were extracted from an internal reporting system from 2010 to 2019 using the Research, Condition, and Disease Categorization (RCDC) spending categories for “Nutrition” and “Health Disparities.” Results Over the past decade, the number of NIH supported nutrition and health disparities research studies have generally increased, with 860 grants funded in 2010 and 937 grants in 2019, while total nutrition and health disparities funding remained relatively stable. The top 5 Institutes/Centers that funded nutrition and health disparities research included the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Cancer Institute, and National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. Conclusions Consistent with the mission of the top funding ICs, the top research areas were obesity, diabetes, digestive diseases, cancer, heart disease, clinical research, prevention, and behavioral and social sciences. Cross-cutting topics relevant to all NIH ICs included special populations areas such as pediatric and minority health followed by aging and women's health. Consistent with the Strategic Plan for NIH Nutrition Research, it is critical to advance health equity through the application of precision nutrition approaches that acknowledge the influence of biologic, behavioral, psychosocial, environmental, and social factors on nutrition health disparities, and to develop effective targeted interventions to address these disparities. Funding Sources None.
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Wright, Linda L., and Donald McNellis. "National institute of child health and human development (NICHD)-sponsored perinatal research networks." Seminars in Perinatology 19, no. 2 (April 1995): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0146-0005(05)80031-x.

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Gross, Paul, Gavin T. Reed, Rachel Engelmann, and John R. W. Kestle. "Hydrocephalus research funding from the National Institutes of Health: a 10-year perspective." Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics 13, no. 2 (February 2014): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.11.peds13197.

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Object Funding of hydrocephalus research is important to the advancement of the field. The goal of this paper is to describe the funding of hydrocephalus research from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) over a recent 10-year period. Methods The NIH online database RePORT (Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tools) was searched using the key word “hydrocephalus.” Studies were sorted by relevance to hydrocephalus. The authors analyzed funding by institute, grant type, and scientific approach over time. Results Over $54 million was awarded to 59 grantees for 66 unique hydrocephalus proposals from 48 institutions from 2002 to 2011. The largest sources of funding were the National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. Of the total, $22 million went to clinical trials, $15 million to basic science, and $10 million to joint ventures with small business (Small Business Innovation Research or Small Business Technology Transfer). Annual funding varied from $2.3 to $8.1 million and steadily increased in the second half of the observation period. The number of new grants also went from 15 in the first 5 years to 27 in the second 5 years. A large portion of the funding has been for clinical trials. Funding for shunt-device development grew substantially. Support for training of hydrocephalus investigators has been low. Conclusions Hydrocephalus research funding is low compared with that for other conditions of similar health care burden. In addition to NIH applications, researchers should pursue other funding sources. Small business collaborations appear to present an opportunity for appropriate projects.
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Suk, William A., Michelle L. Heacock, Brittany A. Trottier, Sara M. Amolegbe, Maureen D. Avakian, Danielle J. Carlin, Heather F. Henry, Adeline R. Lopez, and Lesley A. Skalla. "Benefits of basic research from the Superfund Research Program." Reviews on Environmental Health 35, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 85–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2019-0104.

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AbstractThe National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Hazardous Substances Basic Research and Training Program [Superfund Research Program (SRP)] funds transdisciplinary research projects spanning the biomedical and environmental sciences to address issues related to potentially hazardous substances. We used a case study approach to identify how SRP-funded basic biomedical research has had an impact on society. We examined how transdisciplinary research projects from the SRP have advanced knowledge and led to additional clinical, public health, policy, and economic benefits. SRP basic biomedical research findings have contributed to the body of knowledge and influenced a broad range of scientific disciplines. It has informed the development of policies and interventions to reduce exposure to environmental contaminants to improve public health. Research investments by the SRP have had a significant impact on science, health, and society. Documenting the benefits of these investments provides insight into how basic research is translated to real-world applications.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "National Institute of Health Research and Development"

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Sofia, Gustina, and n/a. "Information needs of health researchers at the National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Indonesia." University of Canberra. Information, Language & Culture, 1992. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061109.083237.

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The present study attempted to investigate the information needs/information seeking behaviour of health researchers at the National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Indonesia. Its objective was to identify the relationship between information needs/information seeking behaviour and the characteristics of those health professionals. Those characteristics include institution to which health professionals belonged, institution geographic location, level of appointment, level of education, and work experience. Research was carried out through survey by using a questionnaire. This survey obtained a response rate of 92 percent from a sample of 131 health professionals. Their information needs/information seeking behaviour were correlated with their characteristics to determine relationships, and the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyse the data. Frequency distribution, chi-square analysis, and descriptive analysis were used to obtain the results. The study found that the health information available did not match the health professionals' needs and that there was strong demand by these personnel for automated information services. It also found that total hours reading per week was significantly related to level of appointment, level of education, and work experience at other institutions. The perceived usefulness of journals as information sources was significantly related to institution, geographic location, level of appointment, level of education and work experience at other institutions. Government publications and statistical data as a source of information were found to be related significantly to institution and geographic location. There was also a relationship between the perceived value of reference books and work experience at the current institution. The usefulness of library catalogues as a guide to information was found to be related significantly to institution and geographic location, as was the usefulness of abstracting and indexing services to level of education. Frequency of visiting libraries was significantly related to institution, geographic location and level of appointment. The membership of professional organizations and obtaining useful information from friends, colleagues or personal contact were found to be significantly related to level of education. The study concludes with recommendations and suggestions for further research.
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Erdey, Nancy Carol. "Armor of patience : the National Cancer Institute and the development of medical research policy in the United States, 1937-1971 /." Diss., Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 1995. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=case1058363714.

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Twelvetree, Timothy James. "Research and development policy in the English National Health Service : the implementation of the 'Research for Health' strategy." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/335750.

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The following thesis presents an analysis of power and control in the English National Health Service. Notably, it focuses upon power and control over knowledge; over defining what is 'valid' knowledge; over the production of that valid knowledge; and over how, what, when and where that knowledge is used in everyday clinical practice. The issue reaches to the heart of professional conception and definition and hence, control over professions themselves. The thesis attempts to demonstrate the relationship between the different professional groups in the NHS, through the analysis of national, regional and local documents, and interviews with managers, doctors, nurses, dietitians and physiotherapists in three case studies, the thesis shows the complex pattern of relations and behaviour at play. Particular attention is paid to Michael Power's notion of audit and the 'Audit Explosion', which provides a framework for the thesis, and to the work of Michel Foucault, especially his ideas about power, control and panopticism. These are used as a useful metaphor to understand and explain NBS research and audit in relation to the NHS professions. The thesis ends with a cross-case analysis which draws together the rich variety of data and concludes with an analysis of the wider sociological implications ofthe thesis.
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Wang, Liang. "Effects of Maternal Depression on Childhood Overweight and Obesity: Findings from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1307.

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Overweight and obesity among children and youth in the United States is a serious public health concern. The longitudinal relationships between maternal depression and childhood overweight and obesity were examined using data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (NICHD SECCYD). A national cohort of 1,384 children was followed from birth to adolescence and longitudinal data collected on multiple variables, including child weight and height, maternal depression, maternal influence, and family context. Maternal Depression was assessed by the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and defined as a score of 16 or greater. Overweight and obesity were defined according to the recommended BMI age- and sex-specific percentiles. Maternal depression was assessed when the child was 1 month old, 36 months, and in grade 1. Overweight and obesity status was assessed at 36 months, grade 1, grade 3, and grade 6. The effect of changes or persistence in the pattern of maternal depression for different childhood age points on the development of childhood overweight and obesity was evaluated. A variety of statistical methods were used including t-test, ANOVA, multiple linear regression, multiple logistic regression, and generalized estimation equation (GEE). Results: After adjustment for confounding, compared with mothers with no depression at child's age of 1 month, 36 months, and in grade 1, mothers with depression at 1 or 2 of those time points had a 45% higher risk for childhood overweight and obesity at grade 3 (OR= 1.45, 95% CI= 1.01-2.07). For mothers with depression at all 3 time points, there was an even greater increase in risk at grade 3 (OR= 2.25, 95% CI= 1.05-4.84) and grade 6 (OR= 3.36, 95% CI= 1.46-7.77). Conclusion: Maternal depression is associated with childhood overweight and obesity. Child overweight and obesity intervention efforts may benefit from identifying strategies to improve maternal mental health status, including depression.
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Wang, Liang. "An Epidemiological Study of Maternal Depression: Findings from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1984.

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This study examined maternal depression status from month 1 to 36 after birth using data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Maternal depression was assessed with the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. The prevalence of maternal depression was highest at 1 month, decreased at 6 months, and then kept fairly stable to 36 months. The prevalence was higher in blacks than other races, in 18-24 than 25-46 years old, and in single mothers than non-single mothers. Mothers with better physical health, social support, or employed had a lower prevalence than their counterparts. Mothers in poverty, receiving public assistance, or who had more parental stress had a higher prevalence. Social support and parental stress had a statistically significant relationship with maternal depression even after adjusting for other variables. In conclusion, this longitudinal study found that several maternal, child, and family factors were associated with maternal depression.
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Melville-Richards, Lucy. "Exploring and explaining the role of boundary objects in implementation through the National Institute of Health Research's Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (NIHR CLAHRCs)." Thesis, Bangor University, 2015. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/exploring-and-explaining-the-role-of-boundary-objects-in-implementation-through-the-national-institute-of-health-researchs-collaborations-for-leadership-in-applied-health-research-and-care-nihr-clahrcs(6fc865ae-79ae-4826-8157-4b250017a258).html.

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Background. In healthcare, bridging the research-to-practice gap is a top priority. In 2008 the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) funded nine Collaborations for Leadership in Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC); NHS-university partnerships seeking to accelerate the uptake of research into practice, a process referred to in this thesis as implementation. Evidence suggests that implementation might occur more readily when there is collaboration across various stakeholder and organisational boundaries. Boundary objects are shared things and ideas that are thought to enable communication across boundaries and create an opportunity for stakeholders to work together productively. Despite being studied across a range of settings in which collaboration is key, the role and potential of boundary objects remains understudied in relation to implementation. This thesis fills this gap. Methods. A case study of three CLAHRCs was conducted to explore the role of boundary objects in implementation. Phase 1, a document analysis, identified potential boundary objects (i.e. on paper) across the three cases. In Phase 2, in-depth interviews with people employed in boundary spanning roles in 3 CLAHRCs were conducted to investigate whether and how things and ideas were developed and used as boundary objects during implementation. Findings. Despite high numbers of potential boundary objects identified on paper through the document analysis (defined in this study as boundary objects-in-theory), including care pathways, assessment tools, and disease registers, in practice participants reported that some of these operated to reinforce boundaries. The study showed that there were things and ideas that were shared between stakeholders and enable them to collaborate to varying degrees (defined as boundary objects-in-use), including shared ideas around implementation, clinical topics, and some tools and guidelines. However some of these were perceived as prescriptive and imposed, requiring extensive adaptation to become meaningful to stakeholders. A process of creation and/or adaptation sometimes came about through unanticipated rather than planned processes. The most effective boundary objects-in-use were those which were co-produced in partnership with stakeholders. These were generated through discussions during which boundaries were clarified and solutions were sought to meet stakeholders’ needs, a process of collective endeavour identified as a type of bricolage. Boundary objects-in-use developed through bricolage possessed properties which were found to be lacking from those things that failed to make the transition from boundary objects-in-theory. Successful boundary objects-in-use were symbolically meaningful, resonant, and perceived as authentic by stakeholders. Discussion. An understanding of boundary objects defined by action-based properties rather than structural features is proposed, updating the classic typology. The study showed that for boundary objects-in-theory to make the transition to boundary objects-in-use, all relevant stakeholders must be engaged throughout the development process. Individuals working in implementation, such as boundary spanners, were more likely to deploy boundary objects effectively by using the skills of the bricoleur, initiating the collective creation and use of such objects. Implications. The findings from this study suggest that accepting and encouraging adaptation of those things that could in theory be boundary objects through a process of collective bricolage, instigated by credible boundary spanners, encourages the co-production of useful boundary-objects-in-use. These can represent an effective mechanism to enhance the appeal and relevance of outputs of research by providing a catalyst to align, engage, and accommodate multiple stakeholder perspectives.
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Marshall, Karen. "Newcastle Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) care study : a randomised controlled trial (funded by the National Institute for Health Research)." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/3197.

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Title - Randomised controlled trial (RCT) to identify if cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) with respiratory nurses reduces anxiety in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). (Trial Registration - ISCRCTN55206395). Introduction: Anxiety and depression are common comorbidities in COPD. The aim of this research is to identify if CBT delivered by respiratory nurses reduces anxiety in a large COPD population. Methods: Study Design – Prospective RCT. Sample Size - 112 for each arm were required. Approach – 1,518 patients were approached: 279 were recruited. Randomisation –Electronic randomisation was used. Intervention – CBT with a respiratory nurse plus self-help leaflets. Comparison – Self- help leaflets. Main Outcomes -Primary outcome was symptoms of anxiety. Secondary outcomes were depression and quality of life. Data collection – was undertaken by nurses blinded to treatment allocation. Results The groups were well matched at baseline. The CBT intervention achieved clinical and statistically significant change for all outcomes: HADS-Anxiety group mean change of 3.4 (SD 4.20) p=<0.001 CI 2.62- 4.17; HADS-Depression 2.20 (SD 3.62) p=<001, CI 1.53 – 2.87; CAT 2.7 (SD 6.36) p=< 0.001, CI 1.49 – 3.88 and EQ-5D utility group mean change of 0.08 (SD 0.31) p=0.007, CI - 0.14 - -0.02 at 3 months. The leaflet group achieved a clinical and significant reduction in group mean change of 1.9 (SD 3.80) p= <0.001, CI 1.19 - 2.55 in HADS-Anxiety and CAT 2.06 (SD 5.34) p=<0.001, CI 1.09 – 3.04. The HADS-Depression group mean change was only statistically significant 1.07 (SD 3.55) p=0.001, CI 0.44 – 1.71. The EQ-5D utility scores group mean change of - 0.003 (SD 0.31) p= 0.09 CI -0.06 – 0.05 which did not reach statistical or clinical significance. Conclusion Overall the CBT intervention was superior to the leaflet intervention.
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Zadeh, Sheava T. "Academic achievement factors in children with chronic illness: A report based on the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, from the Study of Early Child Care." Scholarly Commons, 2010. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2421.

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The key question not addressed by the hierarchical model (Shavelson et al., 1976) is whether academic self-concept is reflected in relations with non-academic self-concept components (i.e. a between-network issue). The present study investigated the significance of physical self-concept, as a proposed mediator variable, to assess the relationship between anxiety/depression and school absence in children with chronic illness, which was hypothesized as Model A. Additionally, this research examined proposed mediator of absence in order to assess the relationship between physical self-concept and academic achievement, after controlling for academic self-concept, which was hypothesized as Model B. This study included participants from a comprehensive database of the Study of Early Child Care (SECC), by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD). This study will examine the health status, psychosocial factors, attendance, and academic functioning of children in the sixth grade at the time of data collection. Findings, related to Model A, suggest that when children, regardless of whether or not they are chronically ill, experience higher degrees of anxiety/depression, they are more likely to report having higher levels of negative physical self-concept and higher levels of school absence. Findings for Model B suggested that once academic self-concept was controlled, physical self-concept, while statistically significant, accounted for little actual variance in the number of days a student was absent from school. This finding was true among all students as well as those who were not chronically ill . Specifically, this finding did not hold true for chronically ill students.
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Marsh, Claire L. "Action research for sustainability in the UK National Health Service (NHS) : linking theory and practice in organizational strategy for sustainable development." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2367/.

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This thesis is an account of research at two levels of inquiry. At the context-level, it is concerned with advancing theoretical understanding of the challenges to progressing Sustainable Development (SD) in NHS organizations. Previously these had been described as comprising i) lack of organizational support afforded to SD, ii) difficulties in prioritising and evaluating the impacts of SD initiatives, and iii) a dominance of working arrangements inappropriate for dealing with the cross-departmental and inter-organizational nature of SD. At the meta-level, it is concerned with advancing theoretical understanding of an Action Research (AR) approach to addressing such challenges in their context. It seeks to contribute to emerging frameworks which define a co-operative relationship between practitioners as active participants in their own solutions to organizational change for SD, and outside academics as facilitators of appropriate learning processes to support this. I engaged in two phases of research to address both these levels of inquiry. In Phase 1, I developed a theoretical understanding of the challenges of NHS SD through fifteen semi-structured interviews with practitioners and policy makers leading initiatives for SD in the NHS. In Phase 2, I used this contextual theory to inform an AR approach to progressing SD in one NHS organization. In this process, I facilitated cycles of action and reflection with a group of five senior managers over a twelve month period, in order to develop their organization’s SD strategy. Both Phases revealed the constraints practitioners face in developing SD beyond a narrow resource efficiency agenda. AR holds potential for developing broader interpretations through the integration of SD theory into organizational learning process. However, such an endeavour is beyond the scope of a single AR project and must be viewed as an ongoing relationship between academics and practitioners, as well as other actors of influence from across the health system.
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Ward, Kevin. "An Examination of Science NCE Scores of Students of Participating and Nonparticipating Teachers in East Tennessee State University Summer Science Institute." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1944.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of East Tennessee State University's summer science institute training through the effect on mean Normal Curve Equivalent science test scores of students in a Northeast Tennessee school system whose teachers participated in the ETSU summer science institute training. Data analysis were compiled using students' science NCE scores to determine if there were significant differences in scores for those students whose teachers participated in the summer science institutes and those who did not participate. Students' NCE scores were compiled from the middle school setting over a 3-year academic period: 2004-2005, 2005-2006, and 2006-2007. Paired-samples t tests were used to analyze the effectiveness of teacher participation by comparing preparticipation and postparticipation students' science NCE scores for years 3 years. Independent-samples t tests were used to compare students' gender, socioeconomic status (free- and reduced-price meals), and NCE science scores (using 5th grade only) for 2 consecutive years of the study (2005-2006 through 2006-2007). Two analyses were used to determine teachers' participation and the effect on students' NCE science scores among two subgroups: gender and socioeconomic status. For research questions 4 and 5, a mean net gain and NCE raw scores average was performed. The findings from this study indicated significant differences in years 2004-2005 and 2006-2007 favoring students of teachers who participated in the summer science institutes However, the results from year 2005-2006 showed no significant differences in students' science NCE scores of teachers who participated or did not participate in summer science institutes. In the consecutive year (2005-2006 through 2006-2007) using 5th grade only comparisons, data analyses showed significant differences in students' science NCE scores when performing NCE raw scores comparisons for gender and socioeconomic status. The comparisons for gender showed male students' science NCE scores were higher than were females' science scores. The NCE raw scores comparisons for socioeconomic status showed those students on the meals program had higher science NCE scores than did those students not on the program. There was no significance in students' science NCE scores when using mean net gain scores comparison for gender and socioeconomic status.
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Books on the topic "National Institute of Health Research and Development"

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National Institutes of Health (U.S.). The National Institutes of Health research and research related manpower development programs: College opportunities. [Bethesda, Md.?]: Public Health Service, Dept. of Health and Human Services, 1989.

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National Institutes of Health (U.S.). The National Institutes of Health research and research related manpower development programs: College opportunities. [Bethesda, Md.?]: Public Health Service, Dept. of Health and Human Services, 1989.

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), National Institutes of Health (U S. The National Institutes of Health research and research related manpower development programs: Postdoctoral opportunities. [Bethesda, Md.?]: Public Health Service, Dept. of Health and Human Services, 1989.

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), National Institutes of Health (U S. The National Institutes of Health research and research related manpower development programs: Postdoctoral opportunities. [Bethesda, Md.?]: Public Health Service, Dept. of Health and Human Services, 1989.

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), National Institutes of Health (U S. The National Institutes of Health research and research related manpower development programs: Postbaccalaureate opportunities. [Bethesda, Md.?]: Public Health Service, Dept. of Health and Human Services, 1989.

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), National Institutes of Health (U S. The National Institutes of Health research and research related manpower development programs: High school opportunities. [Bethesda, Md.?]: Public Health Service, Dept. of Health and Human Services, 1989.

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National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Research training and career development programs supported by the National Institutes of Health. [Bethesda, Md.]: National Institutes of Health, 1992.

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National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Research training and career development programs supported by the National Institutes of Health. [Bethesda, Md.]: National Institutes of Health, 1992.

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), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U S. Developmental biology: Understanding normal and abnormal development. Rockville, MD]: The Institute, 2001.

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National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Research training & career development programs of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. [Bethesda, Md.]: National Institutes of Health, Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "National Institute of Health Research and Development"

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Perry, Brian, Bernard Bett, Eric Fèvre, Delia Grace, and Thomas Fitz Randolph. "Veterinary epidemiology at ILRAD and ILRI, 1987-2018." In The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute, 208–38. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0208.

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Abstract This chapter describes the activities of the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) and its predecessor, the International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases (ILRAD) from 1987 to 2018. Topics include scientific impacts; economic impact assessment; developmental impacts; capacity development; partnerships; impacts on human resources capacity in veterinary epidemiology; impacts on national animal health departments and services; impacts on animal health constraints in developing countries; impacts on ILRI's research and strategy; the introduction of veterinary epidemiology and economics at ILRAD; field studies in Kenya; tick-borne disease dynamics in eastern and southern Africa; heartwater studies in Zimbabwe; economic impact assessments of tick-borne diseases; tick and tick-borne disease distribution modelling; modelling the infection dynamics of vector-borne diseases; economic impact of trypanosomiasis; the epidemiology of resistance to trypanocides; the development of a modelling technique for evaluating control options; sustainable trypanosomiasis control in Uganda and in the Ghibe Valley of Ethiopia; spatial modelling of tsetse distributions; preventing and containing trypanocide resistance in the cotton zone of West Africa; rabies research; the economic impacts of rinderpest control; applying economic impact assessment tools to foot and mouth disease (FMD) control, the southern Africa FMD economic impact study; economic impacts of FMD in Peru, Colombia and India; economic impacts of FMD control in endemic settings in low- and middle-income countries; the global FMD research alliance (GFRA); Rift Valley fever; economic impact assessment of control options and calculation of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs); RVF risk maps for eastern Africa; land-use change and RVF infection and disease dynamics; epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites; priorities in animal health research for poverty reduction; the Wellcome Trust Epidemiology Initiatives; the broader economic impact contributions; the responses to highly pathogenic avian influenza; the International Symposium on Veterinary Epidemiology and Economics (ISVEE) experience, the role of epidemiology in ILRAD and ILRI and the impacts of ILRAD and ILRI's epidemiology; capacity development in veterinary epidemiology and impact assessment; impacts on national animal health departments and services; impacts on animal health constraints in developing countries and impacts on ILRI's research and strategy.
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Grace, Delia, Silvia Alonso, Bernard Bett, Johanna Lindahl, Ekta Patel, Hung Nguyen Viet, Kristina Roesel, Fred Unger, and Paula Dominguez-Salas. "Food safety and nutrition." In The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute, 338–65. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789241853.0338.

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Abstract This book chapter focuses on a programme on improving human health through livestock research in three areas: (i) animal-source foods for nutrition; (ii) zoonoses (diseases transmitted between animals and people); and (iii) FBD. This was the first CGIAR group with an explicit food safety mandate (rather than focusing on specific hazards) and with expertise in using research methods for food safety rather than diseases in general. ILRI was also one of the first groups to focus on food safety in the 'informal markets' of developing countries, and by the 2010s, had become the lead research institute globally in this emerging area. ILRI research on FBD has resulted in many science outputs, including some genuinely innovative tools and approaches, and has already demonstrated outcomes at community, national and regional levels. These include substantial inputs into global, regional and national strategies and national training programmes. The major development-oriented approach - the triple-path for training, motivating and enabling of informal market agents - has been shown to be both scalable and sustainable. While questions remain about its lasting effects on food safety and its application outside those few countries where its success has been demonstrated, the next few years should bring further evidence about this, with benefits lasting for many decades to come.
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Georgiev, Vassil St. "Drug Development Research." In National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, 329–32. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-297-1_26.

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Tiro, Jasmin, Simon J. Craddock Lee, Steven E. Lipshultz, Tracie L. Miller, James D. Wilkinson, Miriam A. Mestre, Barbara Resnick, et al. "National Institute of Child Health and Human Development." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 1289–90. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_763.

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Young-Hyman, Deborah Lee. "National Institute of Child Health and Human Development." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 1455–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_763.

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Delagrave, Simon, and Farshad Guirakhoo. "Research and Development of Chimeric Flavivirus Vaccines." In National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, 459–71. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-569-5_49.

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Haseltine, Florence P. "Introduction — National Institute of Child Health and Human Development." In Genetic Markers of Sex Differentiation, 1–9. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1965-6_1.

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Calayugan, Mark Ian C., B. P. Mallikarjuna Swamy, Chau Thanh Nha, Alvin D. Palanog, Partha S. Biswas, Gwen Iris Descalsota-Empleo, Yin Myat Myat Min, and Mary Ann Inabangan-Asilo. "Zinc-Biofortified Rice: A Sustainable Food-Based Product for Fighting Zinc Malnutrition." In Rice Improvement, 449–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66530-2_13.

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AbstractThe lack of dietary diversity among poor communities has led to nutritional consequences, particularly zinc deficiency. An adequate intake of mineral- and vitamin-rich food is necessary for achieving and maintaining good health. Zinc is one of the micronutrients considered essential to improve human health and decrease the risk of malnutrition. Biofortification of rice through breeding is a cost-effective and sustainable strategy to solve micronutrient malnutrition. The Biofortification Priority Index prepared by HarvestPlus clearly identified several countries in Asia with an immediate need for Zn biofortification. The International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) and its national partners in target countries are making efforts to develop Zn-biofortified rice varieties. The first set of high-Zn rice varieties has been released for commercial cultivation in Bangladesh, India, the Philippines, and Indonesia. Efforts have begun to mainstream grain Zn to ensure that the Zn trait becomes an integral part of future varieties. Huge scope exists to apply advanced genomics technologies such as genomic selection and genome editing to speed up high-Zn varietal development. An efficient rice value chain for Zn-biofortified varieties, quality control, and promotion are essential for successful adoption and consumption. The development of next-generation high-Zn rice varieties with higher grain-Zn content, stacking of multiple nutrients, along with good grain quality and acceptable agronomic traits has to be fast-tracked. Healthier rice has a large demand from all stakeholders, so we need to keep up the pace of developing nutritious rice to meet the demand and to achieve nutritional security.
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Herz, Katherine T. "Research in Emerging and Re-emerging Diseases in Central Asia and the Caucasus: Contributions by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the National Institutes of Health." In National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH, 251–52. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-569-5_27.

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Bhaduri, Budhendra, Ryan McManamay, Olufemi Omitaomu, Jibo Sanyal, and Amy Rose. "Urban Energy Systems: Research at Oak Ridge National Laboratory." In Urban Informatics, 281–308. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_18.

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AbstractIn the coming decades, our planet will witness unprecedented urban population growth in both established and emerging communities. The development and maintenance of urban infrastructures are highly energy-intensive. Urban areas are dictated by complex intersections among physical, engineered, and human dimensions that have significant implications for traffic congestion, emissions, and energy usage. In this chapter, we highlight recent research and development efforts at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), the largest multipurpose science laboratory within the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) national laboratory system, that characterizes the interactions between the human dynamics and critical infrastructures in conjunction with the integration of four distinct components: data, critical infrastructure models, and scalable computation and visualization, all within the context of physical and social systems. Discussions focus on four key topical themes: population and land use, sustainable mobility, the energy-water nexus, and urban resiliency, that are mutually aligned with DOE’s mission and ORNL’s signature science and technology capabilities. Using scalable computing, data visualization, and unique datasets from a variety of sources, the institute fosters innovative interdisciplinary research that integrates ORNL expertise in critical infrastructures including energy, water, transportation, and cyber, and their interactions with the human population.
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Conference papers on the topic "National Institute of Health Research and Development"

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Yough, Matthew G., Russell L. Hardesty, Sergiy Yakovenko, and Valeriya Gritsenko. "A segmented forearm model of hand pronation-supination approximates joint moments for real time applications**Research supported by National Institute of General Medical Sciences and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development." In 2021 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441405.

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Jean-Pierre, Pascal, Kevin Fiscella, Paul C. Winters, Kristen Wells, Tracy Battaglia, Douglas Post, Melissa Simon, and Kristin Kilbourn. "Abstract A23: Psychometric development and validation of a Patient Satisfaction with Interpersonal Relationship with Navigator (PSN-I) measure: A multisite National Cancer Institute-sponsored Patient Navigation Research Program (PNRP) study." In Abstracts: AACR International Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities‐‐ Sep 30-Oct 3, 2010; Miami, FL. American Association for Cancer Research, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1055-9965.disp-10-a23.

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Peterson, Jeffrey Shawn, and Brian Kim. "Development of an Instrumented Drill String for Measuring Drilling Forces." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-72709.

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The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Pittsburgh Mining Research Division (PMRD) conducts a wide variety of mining-related health and safety research. As part of this research, PMRD’s Workplace Health Branch maintains a Noise Control Team tasked with developing noise controls to reduce future incidences of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) among the nation’s mining workforce. A noise control project that PMRD is currently investigating is the development of noise controls to reduce the noise emissions from jumbo drills. Operators of jumbo drills are frequently overexposed to noise, putting them at risk of NIHL. A key contributor to the noise at the operator location is the noise radiated from the jumbo drill string, or drill rod. Jumbo drilling is rotary-percussive in nature, and the drill string is mechanically excited by the cutting of the media as well as by a percussive hammer. These excitations travel from the bit/rock interface and from the drifter hammer into the drill string, vibrating the structure and causing it to radiate noise. The development of an instrumented drill string will allow NIOSH to quantify the forces within the drill string during drilling, providing critical information for the development of jumbo drill noise controls.
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KAYA, Yalcin, Caglar COLAK, Veli PEKCAN, Mehmet Ibrahim YILMAZ, and Goksel EVCI. "THE DETERMINATION OF OLEIC ACID CONTENTS IN SUNFLOWER GENOTYPES." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.060.

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High oleic sunflower is new trend both in Turkey and also in the world due to that it present healthy vegetable oil and also higher standing ability for frying. Higher oleic acid also affects from environment especially nigh temperatures during the grain filling period but genetic contribution is also important. High oleic acid content comes from Pervenent mutation in sunflower and it controlling Ol genes. However, because of being a seed trait which is determining after harvest, it is so difficult and unnecessary works (waiting even low oleic ones until seed treshing, etc) to select high oleic sunflower genetic materials. Therefore, selection utilization of molecular markers for determining of higher oleic types help breeders a lot to select accurately high oleic ones and also reduce costs both workers, isolation material, etc… The study covers determining of higher oleic type sunflower genetic materials developed in National Sunflower Hybrid Breeding Project conducted by Trakya Agricultural Research Institute. To screen of high oleic acid genotypes, around 400 sunflower F2 and F3 individuals obtained from crosses between high oleic acid and low oleic acid lines were used in TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey) Project 1003-114O971. Fatty acids of sunflower genotypes were determined by Agilent 6850 Gas Chromatography in Trakya University Lab. Based on the study results, oleic acid contents of sunflower genotypes were changed between 21.9-91.8 %, linoleic acid contents of them between 1.1-66.5 %, palmitic acid contents of them were between 3.4-8.0 % and stearic acid contents of genotypes were changed between 1.1-9.7 %. The higher oleic types were selected based on the study results for further generations.
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Yan, Lincan, David Yantek, Pete Bissert, and Mark Klein. "In-Mine Experimental Investigation of Temperature Rise and Development of a Validated Thermal Simulation Model of a Mobile Refuge Alternative." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-50531.

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Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) regulations require underground coal mines to use refuge alternatives (RAs) to provide a breathable air environment for 96 hrs. One of the main concerns with the use of mobile RAs is the heat and humidity buildup inside the RA. The accumulation of heat and humidity can result in miners suffering heat stress or even death. To investigate this issue, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducted testing on a training ten-person, tent-type, RA in its Safety Research Coal Mine (SRCM) in a test area that was isolated from the mine ventilation system. The test results using sensible and latent heat showed that the average measured air temperature within the RA increased by 20.6°F (11.4°C) and the relative humidity approached 90 %RH. The test results were used to benchmark a thermal simulation model of the tested RA. The validated thermal simulation model predicted the average air temperature inside the RA, at the end of 96 hours, to within 1°F (0.6°C) of the measured average air temperature.
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Arisanti, Yuli, and Janri Manullang. "The Obesity Prevalence in Navy Personal and Civil Servants at Lantamal X Jayapura." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.29.

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ABSTRACT Background: Central (visceral) obesity, one of the risk factors of metabolic syndrome, is becoming the major public health concern of non-communicable diseases. Predictions estimated that by 2030, 50% of adults will be listed as obese. This study aimed to examine smoking and exercise as the risk factors of central obesity in navy personal and civil servants at Lantamal X Jayapura. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted from November to December 2017 at Lantamal X Jayapura, Indonesia. A sample of 100 navy personal and civil servants was selected by random sampling. The dependent variable was central obesity. The independent variables were smoking and exercise. Waist circumference was measured by metline. The other variables were collected by questionnaires. Data were analyzed by Chi square. Results: The risk of central obesity increased with smoking (OR= 3.13; 95% CI= 1.63 to 5.98; p<0.001) and duration of exercise less than 60 minute per week (OR= 2.49; 95% CI= 1.14 to 5.40; p= 0.017). Conclusion: Risk of central obesity increases with smoking and duration of exercise. Keywords: central obesity, smoking, exercise, navy personal, civil servants Correspondence: Yuli Arisanti. National Institute of Health Research and Development Papua. Jl. Ahmad Yani No. 48, Gurabesi, Jayapura Utara. Email: yuliarisanti88@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281248978639. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.29
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AMIROV, Marat, Igor SERZHANOV, Farid SHAYKHUTDINOV, and Nicolay SEMUSHKIN. "MAIN DIRECTIONS OF DEVELOPMENT OF SPRING WHEAT PRODUCTION AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR SUSTAINABLE ARABLE FARMING IN THE FOREST-STEPPE BELT OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.254.

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The article presents results of studies of influence of controlled and environmental factors on production process of different varieties of spring wheat carried out in different soil and climatic conditions of Middle Volga region. The forest-steppe area of the Volga region is one of regions of Russia favorable for spring wheat growing by its natural and climatic conditions. Unbalance of nutrition elements in soil, acid soil and predominantly heavy-textured soil hamper the yield growth. Out of all factors vital for plants (light, heat, moisture and nutrition elements) under consideration, providing plants with nutrition elements and moisture are those limiting high crop yields. he objective of our studies is increasing the crop yield with the simultaneous decrease of the produced goods cost makes it necessary to calculate in advance the possible yield level depending on the influence of different factors: environmental, crop variety and etc. The aim of our studies was to develop methods of growing high yield and high quality crops of different varieties of wheat adjusted for conditions of the forest-steppe black soil in the Volga region. Methods of research using field and laboratory tests, the method of state variety tests of agricultural cultures, phenoldisulfonic acid method, finite difference method, disperse analysis method. A set of observations, records and analysis was carried out during the experiments with implementation Russian methodological guidelines and National State Standards. Statistical processing of the yield data, economic and energy estimates was carried out by the methods recommended by Russia Scientific Research Institute of Agricultural Economy and Union Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Having carried out the analysis of natural resources and genetic potential of the wheat varieties, systems of plant nutrition optimization and influence of their predecessors, we have obtained new data about possibility of increasing the spring durum wheat arable area. We have shown the role of different forms of using nitrogenous fertilizers (on the background of phosphorus – potassium ones) in the increase of productivity and improvement of the spring wheat grain quality. An established optimal norm for Gramma variety spring spelt corn seeding has been established for the conditions of the grey forest soil in the Fore-Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan and the influence of their nutrition on yield has been found.
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McKenzie, E. A., J. R. Etherton, J. R. Harris, D. M. Cantis, and T. J. Lutz. "NIOSH AutoROPS Research to Practice: Zero Turn Commercial Mowers." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81575.

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Marketing new safety devices is a critical function on the research-to-practice path. This path to adoption of new safety technology is not always straightforward. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Automatically deployable Rollover Protective Structure (AutoROPS) is a passive safety device developed to protect tractor operators in an overturn event. Tractor overturns kill more than 100 farmers each year in the United States (Myers, 2003). This technology was first designed to target the agricultural low-clearance environments involving “low-profile” tractors where traditional ROPS may not be feasible. These tractors are exempted from ROPS use as stated in OSHA 1928.51(b) (5) (i & ii). The upper portion of the AutoROPS remains retracted under low clearance areas but deploys to full height when an overturn is detected. The AutoROPS has been tested under both field and laboratory conditions prescribed in the ROPS performance standard, SAE J2194. To translate successful research into occupational practice, NIOSH formed a partnership with FEMCO, a ROPS manufacturer, in 2003. FEMCO’s efforts found Scag Power Equipment, a zero-turn commercial mower manufacturer. NIOSH has partnered with them as well. The Scag AutoROPS has been successfully laboratory tested to industry standards. Preliminary field evaluations of the deployment system have been conducted in preparation for field upset tests. Product development, test procedures, test results, and current marketing efforts are presented on this innovative safety device.
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Riyadina, Woro, Dewi Kristanti, Julianty Pradono, Ekowati Rahajeng, and Yuda Turana. "A Cohort Study on The Primary Prevention of Stroke Incidence in Adult Population in Bogor, West Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.25.

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ABSTRACT Background: Incidence of stroke showed an increasing trend in Indonesia, 12 new cases per 1,000 in 2013, and 19 new cases per 1,000 in 2018 despite the stroke control programs from the government. This study aimed to estimate Cumulative Incidence, Incidence Rate, and Population Attributable Fraction (PAF). This study also estimated the effect of blood pressure, physical activity, blood sugar levels, and smoking habits on the risk of stroke in adults. Subjects and Method: This was a cohort study conducted for 6 years in 5 Districts, Bogor City, West Java. An adult population of 5,189 subjects with aged ≥25 years was selected. The dependent variable was stroke. The independent variables included blood pressure, physical activity, blood sugar level, and smoking habits. Data for independent variables (except blood sugar level) were collected by using questioners. Data were analyzed by Cox Proportional Hazard Model. Results: The Cumulative Incidence was 2.09% and Incidence Rate was 480 new stroke cases per 100,000 person-year (CI 95%= 130 to 670) over 6 years. Predictors of stroke incidence were hypertension (HR= 2.50; CI 95%= 1.50 to 4.10; p= 0.001), low physical activity (HR= 2.40; CI 95%= 1.50 to 3.90; p< 0.001), high blood sugar level (HR= 3; CI 95%= 1.70 to 5.50; p= 0.001), and heavy smoking (HR= 3.90; CI 95%= 1.40 to 11.10; p= 0.007). PAF of blood sugar level and physical activity was 67.75%, and able to reduce stroke incidence by 1,990 from 2,937. Conclusion: Hypertension, low physical activity, high blood sugar level, and heavy smoking are predictors of stroke in adult. Primary prevention by increasing physical activity and decreasing blood sugar level can reduce incidence of stroke. Keywords: stroke, Cumulative Incidence, Incidence Rate, PAF, primary prevention Correspondence: Woro Riyadina. National Institute of Health Research and Development, Ministry of Health, Indonesia. Email: w.riyadina02@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281297673074. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.01.25
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Peterson, Jeffrey Shawn, Peter G. Kovalchik, and David Yantek. "Development of Roof-Bolting Machine Bit and Chuck Isolators for Drilling Noise Reductions." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-11226.

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Among underground coal miners, hearing loss remains one of the most common occupational illnesses. In response, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) conducts research to reduce the noise emission of various underground coal mining equipment, an example of which is a roof bolting machine (RBM). After the removal of coal or rock, the remaining strata may be subject to fall, either from overhead (the roof) or from the side (the rib). One method used in underground coal-mines to prevent failures requires the installation of roof bolts. The roof bolting machine operator trams the machine to the required location, drills a hole into the strata, and then installs a roof bolt, supporting the roof or the rib, as the case may be. Field studies support the premise that, on average, drilling noise is the loudest noise that a roof bolting machine operator would be exposed to and contributes significantly to the operators’ noise exposure. NIOSH has determined that the drill steel radiates a significant amount of noise during drilling. NIOSH is developing bit and chuck isolators to reduce vibration, and thus noise radiation of the drill steel, with the longer-term goal of reducing roof bolting machine operator noise exposure. Laboratory testing has shown that operator ear sound pressure levels may be reduced by 3 to 7 dB(A), depending upon the test configuration and drilling media.
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Reports on the topic "National Institute of Health Research and Development"

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Tourassi, Georgia, and Joseph Lake. Cooperative Research and Development Agreement With Georgetown University Report: National Institutes of Health, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences Clinical and Translational Science Award. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1675040.

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de Pury, John, Jean Ledger, and Jill Fairbank. The National Institute for Health Research Service Delivery and Organisation Network. National Institute for Health Research, April 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/hsdr-08-1718-202.

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Jones, Nicole S., and Gerald LaPorte. 2017 National Institute of Justice Forensic Science Research and Development Symposium. RTI Press, May 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2017.cp.0004.1705.

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The 2017 National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Forensic Science Research and Development (R&D) Symposium is intended to promote collaboration and enhance knowledge transfer of NIJ-funded research. The NIJ Forensic Science R&D Program funds both basic or applied R&D projects that will (1) increase the body of knowledge to guide and inform forensic science policy and practice or (2) result in the production of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods that have the potential for forensic application. The intent of this program is to direct the findings of basic scientific research; research and development in broader scientific fields applicable to forensic science; and ongoing forensic science research toward the development of highly discriminating, accurate, reliable, cost-effective, and rapid methods for the identification, analysis, and interpretation of physical evidence for criminal justice purposes.
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4

Jones, Nicole S. 2018 National Institute of Justice Forensic Science Research and Development Symposium. RTI Press, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.cp.0007.1804.

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Abstract:
The 2018 National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Forensic Science Research and Development (R&D) Symposium is intended to promote collaboration and enhance knowledge transfer of NIJ-funded research. The NIJ Forensic Science R&D Program funds both basic or applied R&D projects that will (1) increase the body of knowledge to guide and inform forensic science policy and practice or (2) result in the production of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods that have the potential for forensic application. The intent of this program is to direct the findings of basic scientific research; research and development in broader scientific fields applicable to forensic science; and ongoing forensic science research toward the development of highly discriminating, accurate, reliable, cost-effective, and rapid methods for the identification, analysis, and interpretation of physical evidence for criminal justice purposes.
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Jones, Nicole S., and Erica Fornaro, eds. 2019 National Institute of Justice Forensic Science Research and Development Symposium. RTI Press, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.cp.0009.1902.

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Abstract:
The 2019 National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Forensic Science Research and Development (R&D) Symposium is intended to promote collaboration and enhance knowledge transfer of NIJ-funded research. The NIJ Forensic Science R&D Program funds both basic or applied R&D projects that will (1) increase the body of knowledge to guide and inform forensic science policy and practice or (2) result in the production of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods that have the potential for forensic application. The intent of this program is to direct the findings of basic scientific research; research and development in broader scientific fields applicable to forensic science; and ongoing forensic science research toward the development of highly discriminating, accurate, reliable, cost-effective, and rapid methods for the identification, analysis, and interpretation of physical evidence for criminal justice purposes.
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Jones, Nicole S., and Erica Fornaro, eds. 2020 National Institute of Justice Forensic Science Research and Development Symposium. RTI Press, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2020.cp.0012.2003.

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Abstract:
The 2019 National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Forensic Science Research and Development (R&D) Symposium is intended to promote collaboration and enhance knowledge transfer of NIJ-funded research. The NIJ Forensic Science R&D Program funds both basic or applied R&D projects that will (1) increase the body of knowledge to guide and inform forensic science policy and practice or (2) result in the production of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods that have the potential for forensic application. The intent of this program is to direct the findings of basic scientific research; research and development in broader scientific fields applicable to forensic science; and ongoing forensic science research toward the development of highly discriminating, accurate, reliable, cost-effective, and rapid methods for the identification, analysis, and interpretation of physical evidence for criminal justice purposes.
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7

Jones, Nicole S., and Erica Fornaro. 2021 National Institute of Justice Forensic Science Research and Development Symposium. RTI Press, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.cp.0013.2104.

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Abstract:
The 2021 National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Forensic Science Research and Development (R&D) Symposium is intended to promote collaboration and enhance knowledge transfer of NIJ-funded research. The NIJ Forensic Science R&D Program funds both basic or applied R&D projects that will (1) increase the body of knowledge to guide and inform forensic science policy and practice or (2) result in the production of useful materials, devices, systems, or methods that have the potential for forensic application. The intent of this program is to direct the findings of basic scientific research; research and development in broader scientific fields applicable to forensic science; and ongoing forensic science research toward the development of highly discriminating, accurate, reliable, cost-effective, and rapid methods for the identification, analysis, and interpretation of physical evidence for criminal justice purposes.
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8

Gemma, Wheeler, Mills Nathaniel, and Langley Joe. The Starworks Project: Annual Report to National Institute for Health Research 2018-2019. Sheffield Hallam University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/starworks-nihr-1819.

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Gemma, Wheeler, Mills Nathaniel, and Langley Joe. The Starworks Project: Annual Report to National Institute for Health Research 2017-2018. Sheffield Hallam University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/starworks-nihr-1718.

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Malinauskas, A., J. Saling, and M. Yalcintas. Cooperative research and development agreement between Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc. (LMES) and National Institute for Environmental Renewal (NIER). CRADA final report. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10115752.

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