Academic literature on the topic 'National Garden Week'

A study was initiated to determine how well plants would grow in potting media available to consumers through garden centers and national chain stores. Nine media were evaluated. The chemical and physical characteristics were determined, and six geraniums (Pelargonium sp) and six marigolds (Tagetes patula) were grown in each of the media. Three of each six were fertilized, three were not. The plants that were fertilized received 100 ppm N and K and 50 ppm P once a week. Three months after seeding the flowers, flowers and buds on the marigolds were counted and the plants were harvested. Dry weights were determined. Nitrate-N ranged from 6 to 627 ppm, pH from 4.9 to 7.1, phosphorus from 88 to 502 pounds/A, potassium from 1.0 to 6.9 meq/100 g, magnesium from 1.4 to 10.8 meq/100 g, calcium from 5.2 to 30.0 meq/100 g, soluble salts from 20 to 151 mmhos, and CEC from 13.0 to 43.8 meq/100cc. Bulk density ranged from 21 to 53 g/100cc, water holding capacity from 32 to 53 ml/100cc, percent air-pore space from 2.7 to 15.7, and total porosity ranged from 65% to 78%. Unfertilized marigolds weighed between 0.1 and 9.6 g; fertilized marigolds weighed 1.4 to 17.2 g. Unfertilized geraniums weighed between 1.4 and 23.3 g; fertilized geraniums weighed 4.4 to 56 g. There were 1.3 to 16 flowers on unfertilized and 7 to 24.3 flowers on fertilized marigolds.

Sidrap as a rice granary center in South Sulawesi, plays an active role in efforts to self-sufficiency in eastern Indonesian food in particular and NKRI in general. The efforts of integrated rice cultivation have been carried out as an effort to achieve national food independence. This paper discusses the population density of green leafhoppers, predatory insects, and other pests in the Inpari 36 rice crop as tungro (new released) varieties in endangered areas, the study was carried out in the experimental garden area of Tungro Disease Research, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) 2 plot plots of plant varieties of 10 x 10 m2 with 4 replications. The most common adult green leafhopper (Nephotetic verescens) results in Inpari 36 varieties without bioprotector treatment. Natural predators that were fluctuated every week were dominant observations, namely: Agriocnemis spp, Micraspis sp, Conocephalus longipennis, Araenus inustus, Lycosa pseudoannulata, Oxyopes javanacus, and Tetraghenata maxilosa. While at 6-7 MST (weeks after planting) Ophionea nigrofasciata species appeared and in 7MST there were species of Anaxipa longipennis.

Between 2001 and 2017, the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh conducted training and research in Belize built around an annual two-week field course, part of the Edinburgh M.Sc. programme in Biodiversity and Taxonomy of Plants, focused on tropical plant identification, botanical-collecting and tropical fieldwork skills. This long-term collaboration in one country has led to additional benefits, most notably capacity building, acquisition of new country records, completion of M.Sc. thesis projects and publication of the findings in journal articles, and continued cooperation. Detailed summaries are provided for the specimens collected by students during the field course or return visits to Belize for M.Sc. thesis projects. Additionally, 15 species not recorded in the national checklist for Belize are reported. The information in this paper highlights the benefits of collaborations between institutions and countries for periods greater than the typical funding cycles of three to five years.

<p class="Default">For many years the curd cheese has stood out on the table of Brazilian consumers, especially in the Northeast due to its high nutritional value and its good taste and because of that it has been used in numerous dishes of the Northeastern cuisine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of the curd cheese sold at a market garden in the city of Sousa-PB. Twenty curd cheese samples were collected every week during the month of October 2015, in five sales areas at a market garden in the city. Samples were analyzed at the Microbiological Analysis of Foods Laboratory of the Agroindustry sector at the Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Paraíba, Campus Sousa, having as reference the Resolution of the Collegiate Board (RDC) n ° 12 of the National Sanitary Surveillance Agency. According to the results, the values obtained for total coliforms were considered high in almost all the samples. Regarding coliform, seven out of twenty samples (35%) were above the threshold count allowed by Brazilian law. As for the pathogenic to 65% of the samples presented coagulase positive Staphylococci counts and in 40% the growth of Salmonella sp,it was confirmed. Based on the results obtained,it can be said that these products are being manufactured without the adoption of Good Manufacturing Practices, which a condition that compromises the quality of the product and puts the health of consumers at risk</p>

Physical activity, if reaches to a beneficiary level, positively affect almost all the chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the socio-demographic and anthropometric determinants of beneficiary effects of different domains of physical activity. Physical activity data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 were utilized. A cut off point of 7.5 MET-hour/week was used a level in which beneficiary effect of physical activity starts. Logistic regression model were used to evaluate the magnitude and the determinants of beneficiary effects for each domains of physical activity. The median of physical activity was mainly similar for leisure time, home and garden, and total physical activity across different categories of socio-demographic factors but not with Transportation domain. The transportation contributed up to 60% for age group 35-54 years, 35% for age group 55 to 64 years. Male enjoyed close to 37% more in achieving health benefit compared to female (the OR was 0.63 with 95% CI of 0.58, 0.69). Others factors played important role in different dominos of physical activity in achieving health benefits. Our findings indicated that achieving beneficiary effect of physical activity is highly depended on socio-demographic factors.

AimsTo reduce incidents of inpatient violence and aggression at Nile Ward Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), St Charles Hospital by at least 30% between December 2019 and December 2021. Reducing inpatient violence is a major quality improvement (QI) priority for CNWL NHS Foundation Trust.MethodsNile Ward refined a number of their successful change ideas within this project and a number of new innovative ideas were tested and successfully implemented as part of the Violence Reduction QI Project: 1.Improved risk assessment tool: Risk assessment tool to predict/manage violence in the ward was further improved using evidence based observation and best practice recommendations over the course of 2021.2.Brand new Staff Photo Board: Regularly updated photoboard with non-hierachical list of all staff.3.Patient Feedback Board: Patient experience, comments and feedback displayed in common areas.4.Co-produced Mutual Expectations: A set of expectations created in co-production with patients displayed in the communal areas of the ward to be followed by both staff and patients.5.Gardening sessions: A safe socially distanced space for patients to be involved in growing and caring for the Nile Ward garden with our Activities Coordinator, including a brand new herb garden.6.Tailored Physical Fitness Programmes: Focus on physical activity through garden fitness sessions and 1–1 fitness sessions in the gym. Average weight gain for patients has declined from 4.4 kg to 2.8 kg (39% reduction) during hospital stay. Tailored physical fitness sessions created for patients who are frail, diabetic or have significant cardiometabolic risk factors.7.Celebrating Diversity: Special events hosted throughout the year to celebrate diversity and promote tolerance.8.Enhanced Clinical Reviews: Consultant led patient reviews every weekday to optimise treatment and enable quick recovery using a multidisciplinary, holistic, trauma informed approach.9.Weekly Cooking Sessions: Patient led cooking sessions using healthy ingredients every week. The food is eaten as a communal meal by patients and staff. A ‘Friday Fry-Up’ takes place monthly where patients and staff share a health fry-up in the ward's dining area.10.Mindfulness Meditation: A QI intervention introduced to embed mindfulness and meditation as core therapeutic intervention to improve emotional regulation and to reduce violence.11.Triangle of Care: Carers strongly encouraged to attend ward rounds and care planning from the very beginning of a patient's journey at Nile Ward using a triangle of care approach.ResultsBetween December 2019 - December 2020, Nile Ward reduced violence in the ward by 35% and the MDT continued to make further innovations to reduce violence further, as demonstrated in this poster.Between December 2020 - December 2021, Nile Ward reduced violence in the ward by 51%.Further details about the results will be published in the poster.ConclusionNile Ward has successfully implemented innovative interventions using a QI methodology to successfully reduce the level of violence and serious incidents in the ward by 51%. The number of rapid tranquillisations and use of restrictive interventions such as restraints has reduced significantly. Our patients are able to recover in a safe environment and their feedback is testament to their positive patient experience during their inpatient stay. Reduced verbal and physical assaults on staff have improved staff confidence, retention, well-being and overall satisfaction. Our work has been recognised internationally through the delivery of keynote presentations at conferences National Association of Intensive Care Unit (NAPICU) National Conference 2021 & the Royal College of Psychiatrists National QNPICU Conference 2021 to discuss their Violence Reduction best practices with mental health teams in the United Kingdom and abroad.

Physical activity is essential at all stages of life, and particularly so in the later years. The main objectives of the present work was to evaluate the physical activity of seniors, aged 65 years and older, living in the area of the Podlaskie voivodeship (Podlasie), Poland, based on the results of the nationwide PolSenior project, and to formulate recommendations for health policies implemented by both national and local government units. The study was performed as part of the national PolSenior project, whose aim was to evaluate various aspects of aging in Poland. The physical activity of a group of 186 randomly-selected people aged 65 years and above, 94 men and 92 women, was evaluated by questionnaire. The analysis included participants who took part in physical activity at least several times a week. Although all participants reported a decline in physical activity with age, the men remained physically active for longer. Among the respondents, 68.3% of women and 62.7% of men took short walks around the house as the main form of exercise, with working on the allotment or garden being another frequent activity; however, this was more common among men (53.9%) than women (34.7%). In addition, men were nearly twice as likely to take part in cycling (31.5%) than women (13.1%). The greatest motivation for physical activity given by the respondents was health, as noted by 73.8% of the men and 77.7% of the women. The physical activity of seniors in Podlasie is unsatisfactory and does not fulfil the WHO recommendations regarding the prophylaxis and prevention of chronic illness. This level does not, however, significantly differ from that reported in the nationwide PolSenior study or in other European countries in the Eurobarometer study. The decline in physical activity with age highlights the need for its greater promotion among seniors by local authorities. Such initiatives will help maintain the physical fitness and independence of this age group and contribute to a greater quality of life.

Regular physical activity (PA) is one of the effective strategies for mitigating non-communicable diseases, promoting healthy ageing, and preventing premature mortality. In South Asia, up to 34.0% of adults are insufficiently active, and up to 44.1% of adults in Nepal. We sought to assess self-reported PA status and its correlates among teachers in the semi-urban district of Nepal. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among teachers at randomly selected public secondary schools in Bhaktapur, Nepal, from November 2018-April 2019. PA status was assessed in Metabolic Equivalent to task minutes per week using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ)–Long Form. Point estimates and odds ratios were calculated at a 95% confidence interval, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Among the 360 participants, the mean (SD) age was 40.3 (10.2) years, with 52.5% female participation. A low level of PA was seen among 11.9% (95% CI: 8.4–15.2) of teachers, and more than half (56.0%) of the activity was only moderate intensity. Domestic and garden work was the main contributor (43.0%) of total PA, while leisure time was the least (14.0%). Among the socio-demographic factors, only sex was significantly associated (p = 0.005) with PA. Participants living in locations with walkable areas were 3.4 times (95% CI: 1.6–7.3) more likely to be engaged in moderate-to-high level PA than those without. In our study, the point prevalence of insufficient PA among teachers working at public secondary schools was higher than the national point prevalence. PA promotion programs targeting sedentary populations like school teachers should be developed to reduce the point prevalence of insufficient PA.

Garden rocket (Eruca sativa syn.: E. vesicaria subsp. sativa (Mill) Thell.) is an annual plant of the Brassicaceae grown for fresh consumption as a salad vegetable. During winter (May to July) of 2013 and 2014 in South Africa, typical symptoms of white rust were observed in two commercial crops (each ~0.5 ha) of the garden rocket cv. Rucola coltivata in Centurion, Gauteng Province, at 33 and 80% incidence, respectively. Symptomatic leaves were deposited in the National Collection of Fungi, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Council, Pretoria, South Africa (PREM 61073). Early infections appeared as white to cream, blister-like sori on the lower leaf surfaces, and pale yellow lesions on the corresponding upper leaf surfaces. Later stages of infection were characterized by coalescing of lesions into large, irregular, necrotic blotches and development of additional sori on the petioles and stems. Sporangiophores were hyaline, clavate or cylindrical, and measured 24 to 30 × 11 to 14 μm (n = 50). Sporangia developed in basipetal chains and were hyaline, globose or polyangular, and 15 to 20 μm (n = 100). Based on these morphological characters and the host plant, the pathogen was identified as Albugo candida (Pers.) Kunze (2). Genomic DNA was extracted using the DNeasy Plant Mini DNA extraction kit (Qiagen) from sori containing sporangia collected from naturally infected leaves, according to the manufacturer's specifications. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomonal DNA (rDNA) and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (COX2) region were amplified and sequenced (1). The ITS (GenBank Accession No. KM588081) and COX2 (KM588082) sequences confirmed identity of the pathogen as A. candida with 100% homology to the corresponding sequences of several A. candida isolates, including DQ418503 for the ITS sequence and DQ418514 for the COX2 sequence, of a voucher specimen of A. candida on E. sativa (BPI 184870) from Pakistan. Inoculum was prepared by scraping sporangia from infected leaves of the cv. Rucola coltivata collected from the 2014 field and placing the material in sterilized, distilled water (SDW) for 12 h at 5°C to induce zoospore formation. Pathogenicity tests were performed by spraying a suspension of 1 × 105 sporangia/ml onto each of 10 5-week-old rocket seedlings of the cv. Rucola coltivata. Ten additional seedlings were inoculated similarly with SDW to serve as a control treatment. The plants were maintained at 12 to 15°C and 95% RH for 72 h (3) before being moved to a shaded greenhouse at 20 to 24°C and 90% RH. Control plants remained symptomless, whereas white rust symptoms similar to those observed in the original fields developed on leaves of inoculated seedlings 10 to 14 days later, demonstrating that A. candida was the causal agent of the disease on E. sativa. To our knowledge, this is the first report of A. candida infecting garden rocket in South Africa. References: (1) Y.-J. Choi et al. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 40:400, 2006. (2) K. Mukerji. Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria No. 458. CMI, Kew, Surrey, UK, 1975. (3) M. J. Sullivan et al. Plant Dis. 86:753, 2002.

Everybody loves a success story, and in Canadian theatre they don’t come much bigger than Michael Healey’s The Drawer Boy. Within a mere two years of its first presentation at Toronto’s Theatre Passe Muraille, and twenty-nine years after Paul Thompson’s seminal The Farm Show (from which it drew its life), The Drawer Boy has been staged at more than twenty theatres across Canada in a dozen original productions; won its author the 1999 Dora, Chalmers and Governor General’s Awards; received three professional productions in Toronto alone, including a six-week, eighty-nine per cent capacity run at the 1,000-seat Winter Garden Theatre; been produced with a star-studded cast by the famed Steppenwolf Theatre in Chicago; and met with standing ovations wherever it was staged. In addition, another co-production this fall will take the play to the National Arts Centre, the Vancouver Playhouse, the Edmonton Citadel and Hamilton’s Aquarius Theatre; Michael Healey himself will direct the play at Vienna’s legendary English Theatre (where works by the likes of Tennessee Williams and Edward Albee received world premieres); discussions are underway to render the play for the big screen; and, finally, there is enough pent-up demand for the play from many American regional theatres, theatres across Britain and Australia and from amateur theatres worldwide to provide Healey with a handsome residual income for a very long time. While Michael Healey seems to take his success in stride – “It’s made me less grumpy” and “I think my new Jetta is a little too big for me, I may replace it with a Golf” (Healey, personal interview)1 – how good are we, collectively, as a young theatre culture at handling “our own” successes, especially when they are reproduced throughout the continent? How well do we respond to these re-productions, as both participating artists and critics, and what are some of the issues which concern us with re-productions staged in a context that is not our own?

For many years, urban planners’ description of the Zambian capital Lusaka as a “garden city” seemed a cruel and even preposterous misnomer. Potholed and polluted, the city was more colloquially described as a pit. Indeed, parts of town rang with the sounds of a quarry, though the country’s main mineral wealth lay several hours drive to the north. Lusaka’s roadside rockbreakers, men and women who hammered limestone into gravel, epitomized to foreign journalists the disintegration of Zambia’s once-booming economy. But by the year 2000, the old planners’ term for Lusaka had taken on an unanticipated truth. The rock-breakers were still there, and probably not earning much more than the eight dollars a week they earned several years before. But now the roads they worked alongside led, in fact, to vast gardens—thousands of verdant acres producing the down-sized vegetables found in London’s upscale supermarkets: baby corn, baby carrots and baby patty pan squash; miniature chilies, mangetout peas, and, of course, fine-grade green beans. Lusaka had become a garden city on an industrial scale. Agriculture on the margins of Lusaka was by no means new (Sanyal 1987), but now that it contributed to export earnings rather than simply the urban food supply, it fueled new hopes for economic recovery. Even though the horticultural sector (encompassing roses and fruits as well as vegetables) comprised only a small part of the national economy, it was by far the most dynamic part, growing at 20 percent a year. Zambians had witnessed double-digit growth rates before, when postwar demand for the country’s copper fueled what some observers saw as the African Industrial Revolution, a period of economic and social change “not seen in thousands of years” (Mitchell 1951, 21). The reversal of Copperbelt fortune from the mid-1970s onward gave cause for skepticism about any kind of boom, and the successes of the horticultural sector appeared particularly fragile. Apart from the intrinsic fragility of the commodities themselves, Zambia’s vegetable export firms had to contend with supermarket clients who demanded much and brooked no slipups.

This chapter focuses on the black walnut tree at the southern end of the author's backyard. This black walnut tree is very different from the walnut trees in the UK, much beloved of National Trust properties and Oxford college gardens. That walnut tree is called “English walnut” in the US, even though it is from Central Asia and is as much a cultivated tree in England as in the US. The black walnut is mostly self-seeding, amply helped by squirrels, which love to carry the fruits around, bury them, and then forget about them. It is also harvested for very beautiful wood, on display in every craft shop and farmers' market hereabouts. The author describes the sky, which has been blue from horizon to horizon most days that week, or with patches of cumulus cloud. She also mentions the sighting of two species of birds: Canada geese and the turkey vultures.

Since Assistant Director Leopold was not needed at the lab until July 1, he took the train with Starker and Luna to Burlington to visit his mother and brothers. (Marie had married and moved to Illinois with her husband.) Together again, the “boys” immediately began plans for a trip—this time to Carhart’s proposed wilderness area in the boundary waters of Minnesota for two weeks of canoeing, camping, and fishing. Prior to trip departure, though, Aldo had to travel to Madison to prepare the way for the family move. Starker and his uncles Carl and Frederic headed straight to Ely, Minnesota, to arrange for the canoes and equipment (Luna stayed with Opa Leopold to await the arrival of the rest of his family). Their missions accomplished, Aldo and the other adventurers met and set off into the wilds of the Superior National Forest and the Canadian Quetico. The Leopold brothers had at last reached their magical North. For two weeks, the voyageurs paddled past granite outcroppings and tall pines, fishing for trout and listening to the mournful wail of loons. Aldo wrote in his journal, “The number of adventures awaiting us in this blessed country seems with­out end.” Later he added, “How Dad would have loved it! I am reminded of Isaac [sic] Walton’s terse but loving tribute—‘an excellent angler, now with God.’” Leopold and Starker returned to Madison, an “awfully dolled up town.” He had written earlier to Estella: “Nobody has any backyard except in the slums—not even a woodshed or fence or chickens—the backyards are open lawns just as the fronts. We have a little garden room at this place I am thinking of—which is not usually the case, but nobody keeps chickens, so we would do so at our own peril!” The rest of the family arrived shortly, and the Leopolds moved into a rented home “not far from the country.” Within the month, they bought a stucco house about a mile from the lab—at 2222 Van Hise Avenue—and their energies went into transforming it into a real home.

This research sought to understand the impact of probation inspection on probation policy, practice and practitioners. This important but neglected area of study has significant ramifications because the Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Probation has considerable power to influence policy through its inspection regime and research activities. The study utilised a mixed methodological approach comprising observations of inspections and interviews with people who work in probation, the Inspectorate and external stakeholders. In total, 77 people were interviewed or took part in focus groups. Probation practitioners, managers and leaders were interviewed in the weeks after an inspection to find out how they experienced the process of inspection. Staff at HMI Probation were interviewed to understand what inspection is for and how it works. External stakeholders representing people from the voluntary sector, politics and other non-departmental bodies were interviewed to find out how they used the work of inspection in their own roles. Finally, leaders within the National Probation Service and Her Majesty’s Prisons and Probation Service were interviewed to see how inspection impacts on policy more broadly. The data were analysed thematically with five key themes being identified. Overall, participants were positive about the way inspection is carried out in the field of probation. The main findings are: 1. Inspection places a burden on practitioners and organisations. Practitioners talked about the anxiety that a looming inspection created and how management teams created additional pressures which were hard to cope with on top of already high workloads. Staff responsible for managing the inspection and with leadership positions talked about the amount of time the process of inspection took up. Importantly, inspection was seen to take people away from their day jobs and meant other priorities were side-lined, even if temporarily. However, the case interviews that practitioners take part in were seen as incredibly valuable exercises which gave staff the opportunity to reflect on their practice and receive positive feedback and validation for their work. 2. Providers said that the findings and conclusions from inspections were often accurate and, to some extent, unsurprising. However, they sometimes find it difficult to implement recommendations due to reports failing to take context into account. Negative reports have a serious impact on staff morale, especially for CRCs and there was concern about the impact of negative findings on a provider’s reputation. 3. External stakeholders value the work of the Inspectorate. The Inspectorate is seen to generate highly valid and meaningful data which stakeholders can use in their own roles. This can include pushing for policy reform or holding government to account from different perspectives. In particular, thematic inspections were seen to be useful here. 4. The regulatory landscape in probation is complex with an array of actors working to hold providers to account. When compared to other forms of regulation such as audit or contract management the Inspectorate was perceived positively due to its methodological approach as well as the way it reflects the values of probation itself. 5. Overall, the inspectorate appears to garner considerable legitimacy from those it inspects. This should, in theory, support the way it can impact on policy and practice. There are some areas for development here though such as more engagement with service users. While recognising that the Inspectorate has made a concerted effort to do this in the last two years participants all felt that more needs to be done to increase that trust between the inspectorate and service users. Overall, the Inspectorate was seen to be independent and 3 impartial although this belief was less prevalent amongst people in CRCs who argued that the Inspectorate has been biased towards supporting its own arguments around reversing the now failed policy of Transforming Rehabilitation. There was some debate amongst participants about how the Inspectorate could, or should, enforce compliance with its recommendations although most people were happy with the primarily relational way of encouraging compliance with sanctions for non-compliance being considered relatively unnecessary. To conclude, the work of the Inspectorate has a significant impact on probation policy, practice and practitioners. The majority of participants were positive about the process of inspection and the Inspectorate more broadly, notwithstanding some of the issues raised in the findings. There are some developments which the Inspectorate could consider to reduce the burden inspection places on providers and practitioners and enhance its impact such as amending the frequency of inspection, improving the feedback given to practitioners and providing more localised feedback, and working to reduce or limit perceptions of bias amongst people in CRCs. The Inspectorate could also do more to capture the impact it has on providers and practitioners – both positive and negative - through existing procedures that are in place such as post-case interview surveys and tracking the implementation of recommendations.