Academic literature on the topic 'National Children's Book Week'

Abstract Introduction Children and adolescents with epilepsy have more sleep problems compared to their healthy peers. These sleep problems not only negatively impact development and quality of life, but also pose challenges in managing epilepsy effectively. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to explore the use of self-help strategies for sleep among children and adolescents with epilepsy and examine the association between these strategies and sleep. Methods Seventy-five children and adolescents with epilepsy aged 1 to 17 years (mean age: 10.29 years) were recruited from a university-affiliated hospital between July 2022 and November 2023 in Taipei, Taiwan. They wore an actigraph on their wrist for a week, while their parents concurrently completed a sleep diary to document the utilization of any self-help strategies for sleep during the same period. Parent-reported sleep in children and adolescents was obtained using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ). Data were analyzed using independent samples t-test. Results Of all the participants, only 17 (22.7%) children and adolescents had a nighttime sleep efficiency greater than 85%. The average total score of the CSHQ was 52.31±7.46, indicating moderate to severe sleep disturbance. Thirty-one (41.3%) parents reported using self-help strategies to help their children and adolescents sleep. These strategies included listening to music or stories (n = 14, 18.7%), reading books (n = 13, 17.3%), accompany (n = 6, 8%), using relaxation techniques (n = 2, 2.7%), feeding (n = 2, 2.7%), and giving teething toys (n = 2, 2.7%). There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in sleep efficiency and CSHQ scores between children and adolescents who used self-help strategies for sleep and those who did not. Conclusion Many children and adolescents with epilepsy experience sleep disturbance and poor sleep quality, with a significant proportion attempting to use self-help strategies to improve their sleep. Our findings highlight the importance of managing sleep in this population and suggest the need for further exploration into the effectiveness of specific self-help strategies for sleep in children and adolescents with epilepsy. Support (if any) This work was supported by the National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan, NSTC 112-2628-B-002-003.

Pop-up book, a child, not only tells stories in a vivid and creative way, but also stimulates children's interest in exploration and reads in a game way through pop-up book's unique layout design and changes in the three-dimensional structure of paper. Mongolian folk children's stories, with their unique ethnic customs and artistic characteristics, have become an important medium for the inheritance of national culture, which brings important influences to children such as cultural enlightenment, personality foundation, moral enlightenment and life experience, and is also an important resource for children's language learning. Mongolian folk children's stories can also make children feel the particularity of national language, which is conducive to stimulating children's interest in learning national language and grasping the direction and ways of learning national language. This paper discusses the design of children's pop-up book with Mongolian stories. Moreover, this paper will also put forward some new design ideas to increase the interaction between children's three-dimensional books and children. Through these reforms and innovative designs, children's three-dimensional books can have better communication functions with children on the basis of traditional books, and can bring better reading experience to children readers.

A parent–child dialogic reading program was implemented across four preschools, involving 62 caregivers/parents in a low socioeconomic status, disadvantaged community where English was not the first language in 54 per cent of the homes. This socioculturally sensitive program aimed to enhance children's language and emergent literacy development, and increase parental involvement in their preschoolers' education. Over the six months of the program, the amount of parent–child reading more than doubled, from an average of 38 minutes of parent-child reading per week, to 89 minutes of parent–child reading per week. Year One teachers in the following year reported positively on the children's literacy readiness, compared to that of previous intakes. The program is described in the paper.

The article deals with definitions of «children's book», «book for children», «children's literature», «literature for children», «children's reading circle». The mentioned terms are divided into two groups. The first group includes those authors, who consider material and the structural aspects of book, its reader's purpose, printing and design. This issue was studied by S. G. Antonova, N. Z. Ryabinina, I. A. Zharkov, I. F. Pavlova, S. A. Karaichentseva. The second group considers genre and thematic characteristics of book, its effect on children development. Among researchers should be called I. N. Arzamastseva, I. G. Mineralova, S. A. Nikolaev, E. E. Zubareva, T. D. Polozova. All submitted definitions are discussed in details in the context of those tasks that solve children's editions. The author has collected theoretical and practical views of philologists, bibliologists, historians, editors on definitions of children's book and its essential meaning for each field of science. Based on scientific historicism methods and terminological analysis of general components of children edition, its material and structural sides, genre and thematic characteristics have been revealed. Functions of the children's book are determined: communicative, administrative, cognitive, educational, aesthetic ones. The article objective is studying the phenomenon complex, based on which the author has given an independent interpretation of this definition. Additional information on children's literature specific features and its «special» design is presented at National Standard GOST 7.60-90 «Editions. Fundamental types. Terms and definitions», as well as branch standards: OST 29.130-97 «Editions, terms and definitions», OST 29.127-96 «Publishing books for children», OST 29.127-2002 «Quality requirements of book and journal editions for children and adolescents». The resulting terminological analysis will be useful both for professionals of publishing and editorial business, researchers studying the history and formation of children's books, historians, as well as for teachers in the educational course «Children's Literature», «Bibliology». The conclusion is that the children's book will have a stable cover, which content and variety depends on time, professional activity of authors, artists, editors, publishers, and other persons relating to the book publishing system of the country and regions.

Thecurrent article discusses the issues of ensuring the rights of the child in the Avesta, the sacred book of the Zoroastrians, analyzes the problems of modern family law, implementation of theprovisions of international legal instruments into national legislation regulating family relations in the historical and legal values.Furthermore, the author examines issues related to the definition of pregnancy, its termination, and the legal status of pregnant women based on the analysis of the relevant parts of the Avesta.On the basis of the study of the provisions of this holy book, the author compares the provisions of the modern criminal legislation of Uzbekistan with the provisions of this historical book on marriages, the definition of kinship, the legalstatus of children and adolescents

National Storytelling Week is 30th January – 6th February. Here we stimulate children's natural affinity for storytelling with a range of dragon-themed ideas. These powerful creatures have fired our collective imaginations since time immemorial. A dragon story promises an epic, thrilling and magical adventure into the land of myths and dreams.

Intangible cultural heritage is the common wealth of the people of all ethnic groups in the country. It includes the deepest feelings of all ethnic groups, and contains far-reaching significance and value. The Intangible cultural heritage of a nation contains the roots of its traditional culture and the unique way of existence that forms its culture. Yunnan is the province with the largest number of ethnic minorities in China. Its Intangible cultural heritage is rich in content and diverse in form. By integrating the essence of Intangible cultural heritage with children's book design, it is an important way for children to learn traditional culture and spread and inherit national culture. The dissemination of information through books is characterized by comprehensive and systematic content. Therefore, according to the style characteristics of Intangible cultural heritage in Yunnan, integrating the extracted visual elements into the design of children's books can not only promote and protect Intangible cultural heritage, but also add different styles of national culture to the design of children's books.

The community singing project Everyone can sing (AKS) is based on the hypothesis that mandatory high-quality “class choir” from grade 0–3 can promote children’s singing and positively affect their social and academic well-being. Since 2018, AKS runs as a prototype project at Herstedøster School (Albertslund, a Copenhagen suburb). 25% of the children have an ethnic background other than Danish, and the school faces challenges related to children’s well-being and academic level. All 0.–3. classes form separate class choirs, with 1–2 hours per week over 4 years (n = 350). A repertoire of familiar and new songs is developed, and classes perform regularly in and out of school. AKS is a collaboration between the local primary school and parish church. The church recruits experienced choir leaders, who co-teach with a class teacher. The aim of AKS is to develop a generalizable, national model. The accompanying research in the prototype phase is based primarily on qualitative data, highlighting the specific class-choir pedagogy and its foundational co-teacher system as independent variable in the forthcoming controlled study of health effects of AKS. The AKS pedagogy is investigated through interviews, (video) observation and log-books. Based on qualitative data only, the chapter provides a preliminary characteristic of the innovative AKS pedagogy.

Ireland has undergone significant reform of child detention, adopting a child-centred and rights-based model of detention which is increasingly in line with international children’s rights standards. Reform of law and policy and its implementation, including through the development of the national child detention facility - Oberstown Children Detention Campus – has supported the introduction of a rights based approach to children in detention. Drawing from this experience of applying rights based approaches in practice, this book presents a model to advance the rights of children in detention based on a child-centred model, informed by children’s rights to Provision, Protection, Participation, Preparation and Partnership. The challenges of implementing this model in practice are explained. This chapter sets the context, establishes the aims of the book, details the methodology employed, and outlines the structure of the book.

This chapter clarifies how English is the most widely studied foreign language in the world according to David Crystal. Since World War II, it has emerged as the dominant language of global commerce and culture. The chapter emphasizes that being fluent in English greatly expands one's reading options. English accounts for 80 percent of the e-book titles available on Amazon.com, 80 percent of academic journals, and more than half of all content on the Internet. The chapter also discusses how several organizations are working to expand multilingual children's literature: the African Storybook Project, Books for Asia, the Global Book Alliance, Nabu.org, Worldreader, and myriad small publishers serving specific language communities. Their programs make clearer than ever before what it means to effectively promote the right to read. This requires the coordinated efforts of the United Nations, national governments, foundations, businesspeople, charities, publishers, authors, and illustrators.

Abstract Nobody appreciates a support staff more than I—especially on Labor Day, the most vivid annual reminder to me of just how much my job depends on my fellow workers. Labor Day is usually the first week, sometimes the first day of classes at Colgate University, where I teach; but because it is a national holiday, the support staff (though, for reasons that make sense only in the world of academia, not faculty and students) are given the day off. Year after year I dutifully show up on Labor Day morn to a pile of unsorted mail, unerased blackboards, unswept floors, and a men’s room devoid of basic necessities, to teach my two Monday classes. Oh, how I miss my secretary and all those unheralded, underpaid keepers of old Lathrop Hall in whose company I pass most of my daylight hours! Labor Day’s message to me is this: nobody makes it in the workaday world on his or her own. We all live in a society where we depend on one another perhaps more than we would like to admit. Our accomplishments are the result of a team effort. I learn this lesson by living it.

This chapter offers grounded evidence to combat the cycle of self-fulfilling prophecies around primary sf. Through three studies designed for this book, this chapter builds an interdisciplinary case describing primary sf. One study describes contemporary children's interest in science fiction through a national dataset of school library lending during the 2016-2017 school year. Another study describes the beliefs and habits of adult mentors regarding science fiction through a survey of teachers and librarians. Finally, the last study demonstrates children's reading skills with science fiction through recorded read-aloud sessions with primary school students.

Air pollution has emerged as the world's largest environmental health risk and is the leading cause of death and disability in India, according to the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study. The study revealed that combined exposure to PM2.5 from household cooking fuels and ambient air pollution contributes to a significant number of premature deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in India, accounting for 9% of the national burden of disease. The use of solid cooking fuels such as wood and coal remains prevalent in India and exposes a large section of the population, especially women and children, to harmful by-products of incomplete combustion. India also faces high levels of ambient air pollution, with 13 cities in the world's top 20 for annual PM2.5 levels. Weak emission control policies, along with industrial growth and increasing economic activity, pose a growing threat to air quality. Without intervention, PM2.5 levels from transport sources alone are projected to double by 2030. This study aims to investigate the nature and extent of air pollution and household air pollution in India and associated health effects. Given the overlapping exposures across urban and rural areas, the study highlights the need for comprehensive interventions that address different pollution sources and income fractions. Through the evidence presented, the study will offer practical recommendations to reduce exposure and mitigate the resulting health burden. By taking proactive steps based on the study's findings, we can better understand the health impacts of air pollution and work toward effective prevention and mitigation strategies.

This chapter aims to give you knowledge and understanding of the skills required to provide safe and effective care to a child presenting with a neurological disorder. The chapter will focus mainly on the more frequently encountered neurological conditions and procedures both in a hospital and community setting. In addition the importance of family centred care (Chapter Two) and a culturally sensitive approach to care will be discussed. ● The rationale for undertaking a neurological assessment and how to carry out a neurological assessment on a child. ● The important elements of care of the child with a head injury based on the best practice. ● Key responsibilities of the nurse before, during, and after a lumbar puncture procedure. ● Various approaches to neurological imaging and the main principles involved in preparing a child for these. ● The main causes of seizures in childhood. ● The main principles involved in caring for a child with a convulsive seizure. ● The nurse’s role in caring for an unconscious child. Good knowledge of national and local polices and guidelines in relation to this area are recommended to compliment learning in this chapter. Furthermore it is essential for students to have a good understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the neurological system when caring for a child with a neurological disorder. A thorough understanding and knowledge of the key structures and functions of the brain will assist in understanding neurological conditions and will help in appreciating the significance and relevance of monitoring neurological status (this section will concentrate mainly on the structure and function of the brain). Nevertheless, it is advisable to revise in more depth the nervous system in your core anatomy and physiology book. Knowledge from other chapters is also advisable in order to understand the interdependence between body systems and the brain.

After Three Years of living in the shadows of the United States, Laura Flora Oliveros returned to Mexico in 2004 to reunite with her daughters and her parents in Tierra Blanca, Veracruz. Erika, her youngest, had just turned five and was now strong enough, Flora hoped, to make the arduous border crossing. If everything worked as planned, Flora’s entire family—four generations of them—would be together in central Florida in a couple of weeks. On her second voyage north, Flora’s intuition told her that something was not right. Flora was attuned to the news of rapes and disappearances of hundreds of female migrants and maquila workers at the border, which a United Nations mission had been investigating. Her three daughters dismissed her concerns and begged her to go through with it. Just before the dusk river crossing, and over the girls’ protests, Flora abandoned the trip, forfeiting, for the second time in three years, all her savings to a coyote. “I felt awful about not making the crossing, but I had a foreboding thought. It frustrated all of my plans. My daughters didn’t sense the danger. They were happy, saying ‘Let’s go, Mom! Let’s go!’ ” Right or not, her decision left Flora, her three girls, and her parents penniless, 1,300 miles from her older children in Florida, José and Deysy, and a new grandchild she had yet to hold. They each had a change of clothing and nothing else, stuck at the border with hundreds of thousands of other migrants, who came mostly from Veracruz. Reynosa had become one of the world’s premier meeting places for southern labor and northern capital, the archetypical neoliberal city. And yet nobody outside of the booming city itself seemed to know about it aside from the Veracruzanos who flowed into its slums. In the decade after the 1994 free trade agreement, rural Mexicans headed north in unprecedented numbers. Much of it was internal to Mexico. The channel from Veracruz to Tamaulipas—Reynosa being the main destination—became the busiest internal pathway in the country.

Abstract One day not long ago, the New York Times ran three articles that flag the major concerns of this book. The first article, “Clinton Wants Anti-Drug Ads for Youth,” described the Clinton administration’s proposal to spend $175 million on a national advertising campaign to dissuade teenagers from experimenting with marijuana and other drugs. The second, “Drug and Sex Programs Called Effective in Fight Against AIDS,” summarized the release of a National Institutes of Health (NIH) report that decries the intrusion of morality and politics into decisions about implementing sex education and needle exchange programs in local communities. The third article, “Weight Loss From Out of a Bottle,” described how weight loss centers are increasingly abandoning a philosophy of sensible eating and increased exercise to prescribe instead a new generation of diet pills to curb overeating. Similar headlines can be found in newspapers across the country on almost any day of the week.

The National Strategy for Financial Education, created in 2010 through Federal Decree 7,397/2010 and renewed by Federal Decree 10,393, was developed as a multi-sector mobilization initiative with the goal of promoting financial education actions in Brazil. As a multi-sector strategy, a governance committee was created, including the participation of both public and private sector representatives. The participation of the private sector in the development of the ENEF occurs through an array of actions, such as the construction of proprietary education projects and participation at the National Financial Education Week, as well as support for education projects organized by civil society organizations. However, it also arose through a more direct need, along two main lines. The first initiated in 2012 with the constitution of AEF-Brasil (Association of Financial Education in Brazil, a Civil Society Organization of Public Interest – or OSCIP in the Portuguese acronym used – created to develop and scale projects involving financial education and developed according to the premises of the ENEF, namely: free access to beneficiaries and no form of product or service recommendation. The second was direct sponsorship of projects developed by AEF-Brasil. From 2012 to 2020, a series of strategies and projects were implemented by AEF-Brasil, each in partnership with and funded by major companies, international entities and investor funds. The projects are detailed in Chapter 2 of this book, highlighting the diversity of publics and the initiatives developed by AEF-Brasil.

Abstract National data has shown a gap in metacognition or self-awareness where students tend to rate themselves higher in proficiency on career-ready skills than employers. The goal of this study is to identify metacognition gaps in the study habits of students in a subset of mechanics courses. Based on modern pedagogical research, two mechanics courses were structured as “ungraded” with a transparent “high-structure” for success where grades were based solely on standards-based grading of summative exams and lab practicals. Students were asked to rank the formative assessments (book reading assignments, quizzes, homework, and lab assignments) from most to least helpful to their learning. In week 7, the students in the sophomore mechanics course (strength of materials) rated labs as most helpful. However, grades were found to be most correlated with book reading notes. This shifted in week 14 where students found homework most helpful but labs were most correlated with grades. The students in a junior/senior mechanics course (machine component design) also rated labs most helpful initially in week 7. However, grades were found to be most correlated with homework. This also shifted in week 14 where students viewed homework as most helpful. This aligned with the grade book data that showed homework to be most correlated with grades. These results show that the sophomore students in this study exhibited larger gaps in metacognition of effective study habits than the junior/senior engineering students. This indicates that engineering students may not develop effective study habits until their senior/junior year of college. This supports the course design strategy of “high-structure” that is recommended in the literature.

The National Library of Belarus (originally the State Library of the BSSR named after V.I. Lenin) is a research center in the field of library science, bibliography, and book science. Besides, it is the national coordinating, scientific and methodological center in the library field. The National Library of Belarus is the leading organization in the field of information resources, which forms the intellectual potential of the Belarusian nation. In the funds of the Belarusian State Archives of Films, Photographs and Sound Recordings the history of the development of the National Library is widely represented by audiovisual documents, such as photo chronicles of the Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union and the Belarusian Telegraph Agency; photos by the republican newspapers; short films of the 1930s. Furthermore, the information about the library can be found in film magazines “Savetskaya Belarus” (Soviet Belarus), "Naviny dnya" (News of the Day) and TV programmes “Padzeі Kulturnogo Zhyccja” (News of Cultural Life), “Kontury” (Contours), “Nedelya” (Week), in a documentary video film “Skarbnitsa Slova” (Word Treasure) and sound recordings of Belarusian radio broadcasts and radio programs from the cycle “I Love My City”, Radio Minsk.

If killing a single person is considered as a major crime that forbidden by Sharia and law at the international level and at the level of all religions and divine legislation, so what about the concept of genocide!! Here, not just an individual with a weak influence on society is killed, but thousands of individuals, that means an entire nation, a future, energy and human and intellectual capabilities that can tip the scales, and on the other hand, broken and half-dead hearts are left behind from the horrific scenes of killing they witnessed before their eyes, moreover, the massacres of genocide continues to excrete its remnants and consequences for long years and for successive generations, and it may generate grudges of revenge among generations that did not receive the adequate awareness and psychological support which are necessary to rehabilitate these generations to benefit from the tragedies and bitter experiences of life to turn them into lessons and incentives to achieve progress and advancement. Genocide is a deadly poison whose toxic effect extends from generations to others unless it is wisely controlled. Here the role of the international community and its legal, legislative and humanitarian stance from these crimes is so important and supportive. Genocide can be occurred on two levels: external and internal. As for genocide on the external level: this is what happened at the hands of foreign powers against a certain people for colonial and expansionist goals in favor of the occupier or usurper. There are many examples throughout history, such as the Ottoman and British occupations...etc Whereas genocide at the internal level, can be defined as the repressive actions that governments practice against their own people for goals that could be extremist, racist or dictatorial, such as t ""Al-Anfal"" massacre in 1988 carried out by the previous regime against the Kurds in the Kurdistan region. The number of victims amounted at one hundred thousand martyrs, most of them were innocent and unarmed people from children, women and the elderly, and also the genocide which was practiced against of the organizers of Al-Shaibania Revolution in 1991 was another example of genocide in the internal level. It is possible to deduce a third level between the external and internal levels, which is the genocide that is done at the hands of internal elements from the people of the country, but in implementation of external agendas, for example, the scenes of organized and systematic sectarian killing that we witnessed daily during (2007) and (2008), followed by dozens of bloody explosions in various regions throughout the capital, which unfortunately was practiced by the people of the country who were misguided elements in order to destabilize the security of the country and we did not know until this moment in favor of which external party!! In the three aforementioned cases, nothing can justify the act of killing or genocide, but in my personal opinion, I see that genocide at the hands of foreign forces is less drastic effects than the genocides that done at the hands of internal forces that kill their own people to impose their control and to defense their survival, from the perspective of ""the survival for the strongest, the most criminal and the most dictatorial. The matter which actually dragged the country into the abyss and the ages of darkness and ignorance. As for the foreign occupier, he remains an occupier, and it is so natural for him to be resentful and spiteful and to keep moving with the bragging theory of that (the end justifies the means) and usurping lands illegally, but perhaps recently the occupier has begun to exploit loopholes in international laws and try to gain the support of the international community and international organizations to prove the legitimacy of what has no legitimacy, in the end to achieve goals which pour into the interest of the occupiers' country and from the principle of building the happiness and well-being of the occupiers' people at the expense of the misery and injustice of other peoples!! This remains absolutely dehumanizing societal crime, but at least it has a positive side, which is maximizing economic resources and thus achieving the welfare of a people at the expense of seizing the wealth of the occupied country. This remains the goal of the occupier since the beginning of creation to this day, but today the occupation associated with the horrific and systematic killing has begun to take a new template by framing the ugliness of the crime with humanitarian goals and the worst, to exploit religion to cover their criminal acts. A good example of this is the genocide that took place at the hands of the terrorist organization ISIS, that contradictory organization who adopted the religion which forbids killing and considers it as one of the greatest sins as a means to practice the most heinous types of killing that contemporary history has witnessed!! The ""Spiker"" and ""Sinjar"" massacres in 2014 are the best evidence of this duality in the ideology of this terrorist organization. We may note that the more we advance in time, the more justification for the crimes of murder and genocide increases. For example, we all know the first crimes of genocide represented by the fall of Baghdad at the hands of the Mongol leader ""Hulagu"" in 1258. At that time, the crimes of genocide did not need justification, as they were practiced openly and insolently for subversive, barbaric and criminal goals!! The question here imposes itself: why were the crimes of genocide in the past practiced openly and publicly without need to justify the ugliness of the act? And over time, the crimes of genocide began to be framed by pretexts to legitimize what is prohibited, and to permit what is forbidden!! Or to clothe brutality and barbarism in the patchwork quilt of humanity?? And with this question, crossed my mind the following ""Aya"" from the Glorious Quran (and do not kill the soul that God has forbidden except in the right) , this an explicit ""Aya"" that prohibits killing and permits it only in the right, through the use of the exception tool (except) that permits what coming after it . But the"" right"" that God describes in the glorious Quran has been translated by the human tongues into many forms and faces of falsehood!! Anyway, expect the answer of this controversial question within the results of this study. This study will discuss the axis of (ideologies of various types and genocide), as we will analyze excerpts from the speeches of the former regime that were announced on the local media after each act of genocide or purification, as the former regime described at that time, but the difference in this study is that the analysis will be according to a scientific and thoughtful approach which is far from the personal ideology of the researcher. The analysis will be based on a model proposed by the contemporary Dutch scientist ""Teun A. Van Dijk"". Born in 1943, ""Van Dijk"" is a distinguished scholar and teaching in major international universities. He has authored many approved books as curricula for teaching in the field of linguistics and political discourse analysis. In this study, Van Dijk's Model will be adopted to analyze political discourse ideologies according to forty-one criteria. The analysis process will be conducted in full transparency and credibility in accordance with these criteria without imposing the researcher's personal views. This study aims to shed light on the way of thinking that the dictatorial regimes adopt to impose their existence by force against the will of the people, which can be used to develop peoples' awareness to understand and analyze political statements in a scientific way away from the inherited ideologies imposed by customs, clan traditions, religion, doctrine and nationalism. With accurate scientific diagnosis, we put our hand on the wounds. So we can cure them and also remove the scars of these wounds. This is what we seek in this study, diagnosis and therefore suggesting the suitable treatment "

In this Insight Note, we report results of a phone survey that the RISE Tanzania Research team conducted with 2,240 parents (or alternate primary care-givers) of primary school children following the school closures in Tanzania. After the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Tanzania on 16 March 2020, the government ordered all primary schools closed the following day. Schools remained closed until 29 June 2020. Policymakers and other education stakeholders were concerned that the closures would lead to significant learning loss if children did not receive educational support or engagement at home. To help stem learning loss, the government promoted radio, TV, and internet-based learning content to parents of school-age children. The primary aims of the survey were to understand how children and families responded to the school closures, the education related activities they engaged in, and their strategies to send children back to school. The survey also measures households’ engagement with remote learning content over the period of school closures. We supplement the findings of the parent survey with insights from interviews with Ward Education Officers about their activities during the school closures. The survey sample is comprised of primary care-givers (in most cases, parents) of students enrolled in Grades 3 and 4 during the 2020 school year. The survey builds on an existing panel of students assessed in 2019 and 2020 in a nationally representative sample of schools.4 The parent surveys were conducted using Computer Assisted Telephonic Interviewing (CATI) over a two-week period in early September 2020, roughly two months after the re-opening of primary schools. We report the following key findings from this survey: *Almost all (more than 99 percent) of children in our sample were back in school two months after schools re-opened. The vast majority of parents believed it was either safe or extremely safe for their children to return to school. *Only 6 percent of households reported that their children listened to radio lessons during the school closures; and a similar fraction (5.5 percent) tuned into TV lessons over the same period. Less than 1 percent of those surveyed accessed educational programmes on the internet. Households with access to radio or TV reported higher usage. *Approximately 1 in 3 (36 percent) children worked on the family farm during the closures, with most children working either 2 or 3 days a week. Male children were 6.2 percentage points likelier to work on the family farm than female children. *Households have limited access to education materials for their child. While more than 9 out of 10 households have an exercise book, far fewer had access to textbooks (35 percent) or own reading books (31 percent). *One in four parents (24 percent) read a book to their child in the last week.