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Journal articles on the topic 'Nasal spray'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 6 February 2022

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1

Bernstein, Jonathan A., Bruce Prenner, Berrylin J. Ferguson, Jay Portnoy, William J. Wheeler, and Harry J. Sacks. "Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Reformulated Azelastine Nasal Spray in Patients with Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis." American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy 23, no. 5 (September 2009): 512–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajra.2009.23.3396.

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Background Azelastine nasal spray is a topical antihistamine with a distinctive taste that may be objectionable to some patients. The primary objectives of this clinical trial were (1) to determine if a reformulated azelastine nasal spray (Astepro) with sucralose as a taste-masking agent provides comparable efficacy to the original formulation (Astelin) and (2) to evaluate dose–response relationships between groups. Methods Eight hundred thirty-five patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were randomized to six treatment groups: (1) original azelastine nasal spray, 1 spray/nostril b.i.d.; (2) reformulated azelastine, 1 spray/nostril b.i.d.; (3) placebo, 1 spray/nostril b.i.d.; (4) original azelastine nasal spray, 2 sprays/nostril b.i.d., (5) reformulated, 2 sprays/nostril b.i.d.; and (6) placebo, 2 sprays/nostril b.i.d. The primary efficacy variable was the change from baseline to day 14 in total nasal symptom score (TNSS) consisting of runny nose, sneezing, itchy nose, and nasal congestion. Results Original azelastine nasal spray and the reformulated spray produced comparable improvements in the TNSS at both dosages. There was a dose-related difference in TNSS comparing the 1- and 2-spray dosages. The percentage changes from baseline in the TNSS in the 2-sprays/nostril dosage groups were 27.9% (p < 0.001) with the reformulated nasal spray, 23.5% (p < 0.01) with the original formulation, and 15.4% with placebo. The incidence of bitter taste was 7% with the reformulated spray and 8% with the original at the 2-sprays/nostril dosage. Conclusion The results of this study showed efficacy both with original azelastine nasal spray and with the reformulated nasal spray and a clear dose–response difference between the 1- and 2-spray dosages.

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2

Moffa, Antonio, Andrea Costantino, Vittorio Rinaldi, Lorenzo Sabatino, Eleonora Maria Consiglia Trecca, Peter Baptista, Paolo Campisi, Michele Cassano, and Manuele Casale. "Nasal Delivery Devices: A Comparative Study on Cadaver Model." BioMed Research International 2019 (March 28, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4602651.

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Nasal nebulization is a more effective method of delivering topical medication than nasal spray. The purpose of this study was to assess the deposition patterns of nebulization in delivering topical agents to the nasal cavities in the human cadaveric model using a color-based method. We have compared these following nasal devices: single-dose vial irrigation, syringe-irrigation, common nasal spray, Spray-sol, MAD nasal, and Rinowash nasal douche. Endoscopic images were recorded at six anatomical regions prior to and following each nasal device application and four reviewers evaluated the amount of surface area staining. At the nasal vestibule, the blue dye distribution achieved with Spray-sol was more extensive than nasal sprays. At inferior turbinate and nasal cavity floor, single dose vial, syringe, MAD nasal, Spray-sol, and Rinowash demonstrated a greater extent of dye distribution than nasal spray. At the middle turbinate, the average score of both Spray-sol and MAD nasal was significantly higher than other nasal investigated devices. At the nasopharynx, Spray-sol nebulization covers a surface significantly greater than other devices. Compared to traditional sprays, Spray-sol and MAD nasal provided a more effective method of delivering topical agents to the deeper and higher portions of the nasal cavities.

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Meltzer, Eli O., Claus Bachert, Michael J. Mayer, Ferdinand Kopietz, Arkady Koltun, Joachim Maus, and Alexander D. D'Addio. "Deposition characteristics of a novel intranasal formulation of azelastine hydrochloride plus fluticasone propionate in an anatomic model of the human nasal cavity." Allergy and Asthma Proceedings 41, no. 4 (July 1, 2020): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/aap.2020.41.200028.

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Background: Intranasal antihistamines and steroids should be delivered in a volume and with a technique that allow for optimal drug retention within the entire nasal cavity, maximize local absorption by the nasal mucosa, and, subsequently, increase the potential for the most desirable local availability and therapeutic effect. Objective: This in vitro evaluation simulated nasal medication deposition and evaluated the extent of runoff. MP-AzeFlu, a novel intranasal formulation of azelastine hydrochloride (AZE) plus fluticasone propionate (FP), was compared with sequential sprays of available commercial products with the individual medication components. Methods: A model of a normal adult human nasal cavity was used to visualize deposition of nasal spray products. A single spray of MP-AzeFlu (0.137 mL [137 μg of AZE/50 μg of FP]) or single sequential sprays of AZE nasal spray (0.137 mL [137 μg]) followed by brand name or generic FP nasal spray (0.100 mL [50 μg]) were manually actuated into the model. The interior was coated with a water-sensitive dye that changes to magenta when exposed to aqueous-based formulations. A slight vacuum was applied during spray delivery to simulate sniffing. The results were photographed by using anterior and lateral views. Results: Three replicates of MP-AzeFlu showed no dripping from the front of the nostril or backflow from the nasal cavity. However, three replicates of AZE nasal spray, followed by a brand name or generic FP nasal spray, showed significant dripping from the front of the nostril and backflow from the nasal cavity. Conclusion: A single spray of MP-AzeFlu resulted in no runoff compared with sequential dosing of the two other therapeutic products. Product runoff is likely due to the volume exceeding the capacity of the nasal cavity model. Furthermore, the common clinical dosing regimen of two sprays per nostril of each of the individual components would promote even greater increased undesirable flooding and leakage.

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4

Taylor, D. R., A. N. Fisher, A. Smith, M. Watling, A. Knight, and N. Y. Gabrail. "Pharmacokinetic and local tolerability profiles of three potential fentanyl nasal spray formulations developed for breakthrough cancer pain compared with oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): e20554-e20554. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20554.

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e20554 Background: The nasal route offers the ability to enhance fentanyl delivery and better match the rapid onset and short duration (30–60 min) of breakthrough cancer pain compared with standard oral delivery. However, conventional nasal fentanyl solutions can be associated with variable, and sometimes supratherapeutic maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax). To optimise rapid absorption and delivery, three novel nasal spray formulations have been developed: fentanyl pectin nasal spray (FPNS), fentanyl chitosan nasal spray (FChNS), and fentanyl in chitosan-poloxamer 188 solute (FChP). Methods: This phase I, open-label, crossover study was conducted in 18 healthy adult volunteers to compare the pharmacokinetic profiles of the three new nasal fentanyl formulations with oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate (OTFC). Subjects were dosed on four occasions, separated by a >3-day washout period, under naltrexone blockade, with the nasal sprays (each containing fentanyl citrate 100μg in 100μL) and OTFC 200μg according to a randomized sequence. Venous plasma fentanyl concentrations were measured before and up to 24 hours post-dose. Local nasal tolerability was assessed by a clinician and a reactogenicity questionnaire. Results: Compared with OTFC, mean AUCs∞ for all three nasal sprays were significantly higher (P<0.05) and bioavailability significantly greater (FPNS 132%; FChNS 154%, FChP 122%). Median tmax (FPNS 19.8min; FChNS 10.2min, FChP 15.6min) were significantly (P<0.001) reduced (OTFC 90min) and mean Cmax significantly increased with all nasal sprays compared with OTFC. Of the three nasal sprays, FPNS had the lowest nasal reactogenicity symptom incidence. Conclusions: Compared with OTFC, all three fentanyl nasal spray formulations demonstrated enhanced pharmacokinetic profiles appropriate for breakthrough cancer pain as evidenced by significantly increased systemic exposure and reduced times to peak plasma values. FPNS exhibited the most favourable tolerability profile. [Table: see text]

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5

Dhillon, Sohita, and Antona J. Wagstaff. "Ciclesonide Nasal Spray." Drugs 68, no. 6 (2008): 875–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00003495-200868060-00009.

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6

Gijsman, H. J., and M. D. Ferrari. "Dihydroergotamine nasal spray." Neurology 45, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.45.2.397-b.

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7

Tepper, SJ. "Sumatriptan nasal spray." Cephalalgia 18, no. 5 (June 1998): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1998.1805241-4.x.

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8

Graf, Peter. "Oxymetazoline nasal spray." Laryngoscope 108, no. 8 (August 1998): 1255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005537-199808000-00032.

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9

Farhana, Mohamed SJ, Subbarayan Dhivagar, and Subramaniyan Prabavathy. "Esketamine Nasal Spray." Pondicherry Journal of Nursing 13, no. 1 (2020): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10084-12137.

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10

Murphy, Mary, and Nancy Rlsser. "Azelastine Nasal Spray." Nurse Practitioner 22, no. 10 (October 1997): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006205-199710000-00012.

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11

Si, Xiuhua April, Muhammad Sami, and Jinxiang Xi. "Liquid Film Translocation Significantly Enhances Nasal Spray Delivery to Olfactory Region: A Numerical Simulation Study." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 6 (June 18, 2021): 903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13060903.

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Previous in vivo and ex vivo studies have tested nasal sprays with varying head positions to enhance the olfactory delivery; however, such studies often suffered from a lack of quantitative dosimetry in the target region, which relied on the observer’s subjective perception of color changes in the endoscopy images. The objective of this study is to test the feasibility of gravitationally driven droplet translocation numerically to enhance the nasal spray dosages in the olfactory region and quantify the intranasal dose distribution in the regions of interest. A computational nasal spray testing platform was developed that included a nasal spray releasing model, an airflow-droplet transport model, and an Eulerian wall film formation/translocation model. The effects of both device-related and administration-related variables on the initial olfactory deposition were studied, including droplet size, velocity, plume angle, spray release position, and orientation. The liquid film formation and translocation after nasal spray applications were simulated for both a standard and a newly proposed delivery system. Results show that the initial droplet deposition in the olfactory region is highly sensitive to the spray plume angle. For the given nasal cavity with a vertex-to-floor head position, a plume angle of 10° with a device orientation of 45° to the nostril delivered the optimal dose to the olfactory region. Liquid wall film translocation enhanced the olfactory dosage by ninefold, compared to the initial olfactory dose, for both the baseline and optimized delivery systems. The optimized delivery system delivered 6.2% of applied sprays to the olfactory region and significantly reduced drug losses in the vestibule. Rheological properties of spray formulations can be explored to harness further the benefits of liquid film translocation in targeted intranasal deliveries.

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12

Stjärne, Pär. "Mometasone furoate nasal spray for nasal polyposis." Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine 1, no. 2 (October 2007): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/17476348.1.2.187.

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13

Patel, Piyush, Carrie D'Andrea, and Harry J. Sacks. "Onset of Action of Azelastine Nasal Spray Compared with Mometasone Nasal Spray and Placebo in Subjects with Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis Evaluated in an Environmental Exposure Chamber." American Journal of Rhinology 21, no. 4 (July 2007): 499–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/ajr.2007.21.3058.

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Background The objective of this study was to determine the onset of action of azelastine hydrochloride nasal spray compared with placebo and an intranasal steroid, mometasone furoate, in subjects with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR). Methods Subjects with a history of SAR and symptomatic while exposed to ragweed pollen in an environmental exposure chamber (EEC) were randomized to azelastine nasal spray (n = 150), mometasone nasal spray (n = 150), or placebo (n = 150) and recorded total nasal symptom scores (TNSS), consisting of sneezing, nasal pruritus, rhinorrhea, and congestion, during an 8-hour study period. Results Azelastine nasal spray showed a statistically significant improvement in the TNSS at 15 minutes compared with placebo. The effect was durable at each time point during the 8-hour study. Azelastine nasal spray also was significantly more effective than mometasone at each time point. Conclusion Azelastine nasal spray has a rapid (15 minute) onset of action. Azelastine nasal spray was superior to both placebo and mometasone nasal spray in reducing nasal symptoms of SAR occurring within 8 hours after an allergen challenge.

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14

Lyseng-Williamson, Katherine A. "Fentanyl Pectin Nasal Spray." CNS Drugs 25, no. 6 (June 2011): 511–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/11207470-000000000-00000.

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15

Zitt, Myron, Teddy Kosoglou, and James Hubbell. "Mometasone Furoate Nasal Spray." Drug Safety 30, no. 4 (2007): 317–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00002018-200730040-00004.

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16

MECHCATIE, ELIZABETH, and DAMIAN MCNAMARA. "Patanase Nasal Spray, Relistor." Internal Medicine News 41, no. 11 (June 2008): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(08)70609-7.

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17

MCNAMARA, DAMIAN. "Patanase Nasal Spray, Prilosec." Family Practice News 38, no. 10 (May 2008): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-7073(08)70647-9.

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18

MCNAMARA, DAMIAN. "Singulair, Veramyst Nasal Spray." Pediatric News 41, no. 6 (June 2007): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-398x(07)70393-4.

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19

Bandouvakis, John. "Ipratropium Bromide Nasal Spray." Medical Journal of Australia 158, no. 10 (May 1993): 718–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb121931.x.

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20

Clarke, Paul S. "Ipratropium Bromide Nasal Spray." Medical Journal of Australia 158, no. 10 (May 1993): 719. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb121932.x.

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21

Avioli, Louis V. "Salmon calcitonin nasal spray." Endocrine 5, no. 2 (October 1996): 115–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02738696.

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22

Chowdary Gaddipatti, Rachana, Suman P. Rao, Kalpana Rajiv, and Manuj Jain. "Isotonic nasal spray versus fluticasone nasal spray in treatment of allergic rhinitis." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 3, no. 3 (June 24, 2017): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20172007.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent disease with great morbidity and causing signiﬁcant societal and economic burden. Aims and objectives: To compare efficacy of fluticasone nasal spray and isotonic saline nasal spray in allergic rhinitis.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This was a prospective randomized study conducted on patients of allergic rhinitis coming to ENT OPD a tertiary care teaching hospital. Sixty patients diagnosed with concomitant diagnosis of allergic rhinitis was randomly allocated to either Fluticasone propionate nasal spray (n= 30) and isotonic saline spray (n= 30). </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">The most common age group in fluticasone group was 21 to 30 years while in isotonic saline group 31 to 40 years was the most common age group. There was 52.8% of female and 47.2% in fluticasone group while in isotonic saline group, 52.5% of study population were female and 47.5% were male. There was significant improvement in VAS on day 15 and day 30 as compared to day 1 in fluticasone treated subjects as compared to isotonic saline group. After one month, Nasal blockage, nasal discharge, sneezing, nasal itching was improved to 71%, 69%, 81% and 78% in fluticasone treated subjects as compared to isotonic saline group in which improvement was up to 11%, 17%, 09% and 12% respectively and this difference was statistically significant. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Fluticasone nasal spray has the potential to enhance patient satisfaction and compliance and reduce the need for polypharmacy in the management of seasonal allergic rhinitis.</span></p>

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Peters-Geven, Marije M., Corine Rollema, Esther I. Metting, Eric N. van Roon, and Tjalling W. de Vries. "The Quality of Instructional YouTube Videos for the Administration of Intranasal Spray: Observational Study." JMIR Medical Education 6, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): e23668. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23668.

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Background Allergic rhinitis is a common disorder affecting both children and adults. Recommended treatment consists of intranasal corticosteroid spray administration, but only few patients administer the nasal spray in the correct technical manner. A wrong administration technique may result in side effects and affect the efficacy and adherence, thus making accurate administration instructions indispensable. Unfortunately, information about intranasal drug administration is generally not explained accurately, thereby leading to confusion among patients and inaccuracy in the self-administration of drugs. Objective In this study, we analyzed instructional videos available on YouTube for the administration of nasal sprays for allergic rhinitis. Our aim was to determine if the videos provided instructions in accordance with the standardized nationwide patient protocol in the Netherlands for intranasal spray administration. Methods Instructional videos for the administration of aqueous formulations of nasal spray for allergic rhinitis were found on YouTube. All videos were reviewed by 2 researchers and scored using the instructions from the Dutch standardized protocol. Correct instructions were given a score of 1, while incorrect or missing instructions were given a score of 0. The interrater reliability using Cohen ĸ was used to determine the differences in the scores between the researchers. Results We identified 33 YouTube videos made by different health care professionals and pharmaceutical companies around the world. None of the videos displayed all the steps correctly, while 5 of the 33 (15%) videos displayed over 75% of the steps correctly. The median score of the correctly displayed steps was 11 out of 19 (range 2-17, IQR 6). The interrater reliability using Cohen ĸ was statistically significant (range 0.872-1.00, P<.001). The steps “neutral position of the head,” “breathing out through the mouth,” and “periodically cleaning with water” scored the lowest and were incorrectly displayed in 28 (85%), 28 (85%), and 30 (91%) of the 33 videos, respectively. Conclusions The findings of our study revealed that only few instructional videos on YouTube provided correct instructions for the administration of nasal sprays to patients. The inaccuracy of the instructions for nasal spray administration in the majority of the videos may lead to confusion in patients and incorrect use of nasal sprays. In the future, it is important to make evidence-based instructional videos that show patients the correct technique of nasal spray administration. Trial Registration Not applicable

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Vachharajani, NN, W.-C. Shyu, PS Nichola, and DW Boulton. "A Pharmacokinetic Interaction Study Between Butorphanol and Sumatriptan Nasal Sprays in Healthy Subjects: Importance of the Timing of Butorphanol Administration." Cephalalgia 22, no. 4 (May 2002): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.2002.00359.x.

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Sumatriptan and butorphanol nasal sprays are commonly used agents for the management of migraine headaches. Under certain circumstances, these two agents may be administered closely in time. However, the possibility of a pharmacokinetic interaction and the safety of this regime have not been examined. In this crossover design study, 24 healthy subjects received the following four treatments, each separated by at least 7 days: 1 mg butorphanol (Stadol NS7®); 20 mg sumatriptan (Imitrex® Nasal Spray); or both formulations together with butorphanol administered either 1 or 30 min after sumatriptan. Serial plasma samples were collected for 24 h post-dose and analysed for butorphanol and/or sumatriptan by HPLC-MS/MS. Butorphanol plasma concentrations were reduced when it was administered 1 min (mean 28.6% decrease in AUC0-∞) , but not 30 min, after sumatriptan. The pharmacokinetics of sumatriptan were not substantially altered by butorphanol. The combination of nasally administered sumatriptan and butorphanol appeared safe. However, if butorphanol nasal spray is administered < 30 min after sumatriptan nasal spray, the analgesic effect of butorphanol may be diminished due to reduced nasal absorption resulting from probable transient vasoconstriction of nasal blood vessels by sumatriptan.

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Gul, Naveed, Monica Manhas, Parmod Kalsotra, Faizah Deva, and Mehak Taban Mir. "Use of topical nasal steroid spray in the treatment of non-speciﬁc chronic pharyngitis- our experience." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 9, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 518. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20210434.

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Background: The present study was done to find the effectiveness of nasal steroid spray in the treatment of non-speciﬁc chronic pharyngitis.Methods: The present prospective study was carried out in department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck surgery, Government Medical College Jammu from July 2017 to March 2020. Patients were selected randomly from the ENT OPD, a detailed history was taken, thorough clinical examination was done to conﬁrm the diagnosis and exclude all other existing illnesses and associated problems. Fluticasone nasal spray was used to see the relief of symptoms. Persistent relief was central to be considered proof of effectiveness of the treatment.Results: 40 patients were taken up for the present study, out of which only 32 patients showed relief in symptoms. 25 patients showed relief of symptoms with only 1-2 sprays. 8 patients did not report any relief of symptoms even after continues use of steroid nasal spray for 3-4 weeks. No significant side effect was noticed in any patient.Conclusions: In the present study, it is concluded that use of steroid (fluticasone) nasal spray in well selected cases of non-specific chronic pharyngitis is very effective, safe and cheap.

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Cathcart-Rake, Elizabeth J., Deanne Smith, David Zahrieh, and Charles L. Loprinzi. "Rose geranium in sesame oil nasal spray: a treatment for nasal vestibulitis?" BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 10, no. 4 (September 26, 2018): 411–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001569.

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ObjectivesAs a rose geranium in sesame oil spray product has been anecdotally noted to improve nasal vestibulitis symptoms, this study was designed to assess whether patients with nasal vestibulitis associated with cancer-directed therapy experienced symptomatic improvements from it.MethodsPatients with breast cancer, prescribed rose geranium nasal spray, were identified by looking at pharmacy records and patient diagnosis at Mayo Clinic Rochester. Patient medical information, as well as documentation of symptoms, were gleaned from medical charts. Questionnaires were sent to patients regarding their experiences.ResultsOf the 40 patients with breast cancer who were prescribed rose geranium nasal spray, 100% were receiving cancer-directed therapy: 58 % were receiving taxane chemotherapy; others received a variety of cytotoxic and targeted therapy treatments. Twenty patients who had used the spray product returned surveys. Patient-reported nasal symptoms included bleeding (90%), dryness (86%), pain (81%), scabbing (67%) and sores (52%); patients consistently reported symptoms at a higher proportion than did healthcare providers. All patients who used the rose geranium nasal spray reported symptomatic benefit; one reported a little benefit, 11 (55%) reported moderate benefit and eight (40%) reported dramatic or complete resolution of symptoms. The therapy was well tolerated in most patients.ConclusionsRose geranium in sesame oil nasal spray appears to improve patient-reported nasal symptoms associated with cancer-directed therapy.

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Aksoy, F., E. Senturk, R. Doğan, B. Veyseller, O. Ozturan, N. Gönüllü, and F. Yilmaz. "Effects of azelastine nasal spray on nasal and nasopharyngeal microflora." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 130, no. 1 (October 30, 2015): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215115002959.

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AbstractObjective:Azelastine nasal spray is a topical antihistaminic drug for the symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis. This study aimed to investigate the effects of azelastine on nasal and nasopharyngeal microflora.Methods:Swab samples from 25 patients prescribed azelastine nasal spray monotherapy were collected just before treatment and after 1 month of treatment. After incubation of inoculates, the number of bacteria present in cultures was measured (in colony-forming units per millilitre).Results:Evaluation of the number of microflora revealed increased bacterial reproduction after treatment, but this difference was not statistically significant. The use of azelastine nasal spray decreased the reproduction of three potentially pathogenic bacteria; however, it did not affect the reproduction of other potentially pathogenic bacteria.Conclusion:The use of azelastine nasal spray for one month did not have a statistically significant effect on the numbers of nasal and nasopharyngeal microflora; it is therefore safe from a microbiological viewpoint.

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Mirmoezzi, Mahshid Sadat, Mohammad Shurideh Yazdi, and Omid Gholami. "COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF MOMETASONE AND FLUTICASONE NASAL SPRAYS FOR TREATMENT OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 9, no. 3 (February 3, 2017): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i3.15958.

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Objective: Allergic rhinitis is the most prevalent of allergic diseases in the world. Nasal corticosteroids are the most applicable drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. In this study, we compared the efficacy of fluticasone propionate (FP) and mometasone furoate (MF) nasal sprays in the treatment of allergic rhinitis based on total nasal symptom score (TNSS) questionnaire.Methods: For this study, 75 allergic rhinitis patients based on skin prick test and inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to two groups: FP and MF groups. FP group received 200 µg dose of FP nasal spray (1 spray/nostril) daily and the MF group received 100 mg dose of MF nasal spray (1 spray/nostril) daily for 8 w. The effects of the two agents were compared based on TNSS questionnaire in 0, 4 and 8 w after the beginning of the treatment.Results: Results showed that patients in both groups exhibited significant improvement in their TNSS (P Value<0.001). A detailed TNSS analysis showed MF to be more effective for relieving all symptoms than FP. The most difference is in decreasing postnasal discharge (PND) symptom. However, the difference for relieving all symptoms is not significant (P value>0.05).Conclusion: In conclusion, FP and MF are significantly effective in relieving of allergic rhinitis symptoms. Even though, the difference between the two is not significant for 8 w therapy.

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Cicinelli, Ettore, Gaetano Ragno, Iginio Cagnazzo, Francesco Fanelli, Claudio Vetuschi, and Sergio Schonauer. "Progesterone administration by nasal spray." Fertility and Sterility 56, no. 1 (July 1991): 139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0015-0282(16)54433-1.

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30

MECHCATIE, ELIZABETH. "Vusion Ointment, Astelin Nasal Spray." Pediatric News 40, no. 4 (April 2006): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-398x(06)71006-2.

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31

Robbins, Lawrence. "Stadol Nasal Spray for Headache." Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 42, no. 5 (May 2002): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4610.2002.02115.x.

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32

Voelker, R. "Flu Vaccine in Nasal Spray." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 279, no. 20 (May 27, 1998): 1599—b—1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.279.20.1599-b.

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Voelker, Rebecca. "Flu Vaccine in Nasal Spray." JAMA 279, no. 20 (May 27, 1998): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.279.20.1599-jqu80002-3-1.

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34

Voelker, Rebecca. "Nasal Spray to Stop Overdose." JAMA 315, no. 1 (January 5, 2016): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.17505.

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PFISTER, SHIRLEY M., and Deborah Kupecz. "Ipratropium Bromide (Atrovent) Nasal Spray." Nurse Practitioner 21, no. 7 (July 1996): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006205-199607000-00011.

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Whited, Chad, and Seth M. Cohen. "Nasal Tetracaine Spray–Induced Methemoglobinemia." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 146, no. 4 (September 7, 2011): 678–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599811421124.

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van Houten, R. J., and D. J. Premachandra. "Topical active H1-antihistamines and their effect on nasal airway resistance." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 109, no. 9 (September 1995): 841–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100131469.

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AbstractThe introduction of a topically active H1-antihistamine nasal spray Azelastine, has given an extra dimension in the management of allergic rhinits. The drug acts rapidly and avoids the sustemic adverse effects of antihistimines. An objective prospective study was performed to detect the effect of Azelastine nasal spray on nasal airway resistance. Twelve healthy adult volunteers with no rhinological problems were included in the study. Nasal cavites were sprayed with 280 μg (two puffs) of Azelastine nasal spray and the nasal airway resistance was measured with anterior rhinomanometry at intervals of 30 minutes for up to two hours. Our study has shown statistically significant increase in the total nasal airway resistance following the use orf Azelastine nasal spray in the absence of a subjective change in nasal airway resistance. There are substances when inhaled which can cause subjective improvement in nasal airway patency without changing the measured nasal airway resistance. However this medication gives no subjective change in nasal airway patency in spite of increasing nasal airway resistance.

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Grobuschek, Nina, Oliver Lecnik, Martin Schmid, and Gerald Gubitz. "Mass uniformity of nasal sprays." Scientia Pharmaceutica 71, no. 3 (June 28, 2003): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3797/scipharm.aut-03-16.

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The uniformity of nasal spray dose delivery was investigated. Four selected nasal sprays commercially available on the European market were checked for their mass uniformity according to the guidelines of the European Pharmacopoeia and recent draft guidelines of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Mass uniformity was also determined with simulation of a patient's use daily, and at 3- and 7- day intervals. The influence of the degree of filling and different storage positions on mass uniformity were also investigated. At first usage, all preparations fulfilled the specifications of the Ph.Eur. and the FDA draft guidelines. When patient application was simulated, however, the dose accuracy decreased significantly with some of the preparations with increasing time of non-usage, presumably due to evaporation of liquid in the application system. This is indicated by a loss of weight of the nasal spray flasks observed during simulated weekly usage. Under these conditions (6 days' storage without use, same demands for uniformity of mass of the delivered dose), one of the preparations even failed to meet the Ph.Eur. and FDA limits.

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Gambardella, R. "A Comparison of the Efficacy of Azelastine Nasal Spray and Loratidine Tablets in the Treatment of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis." Journal of International Medical Research 21, no. 5 (September 1993): 268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006059302100505.

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A total of 30 patients suffering from seasonal allergic rhinitis were treated in a 6-week randomized, double-blind, double-dummy parallel-group study, comparing azelastine nasal spray (0.14 mg/nostril administered twice daily) and loratidine tablets (10 mg once daily). Symptoms evaluated were sneezing, nose and/or eye itching, lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, photophobia, nasal occlusion, throat irritation, smell loss, nasal mucosa swelling, conjunctivitis, and pharyngeal mucosa reddening. Each symptom was assessed according to severity and given a score on a fourpoint rating scale. Compared with baseline, total symptom scores for both the azelastine and loratidine treatment groups were reduced at each of the assessments during treatment. No significant differences were observed between the two treatment groups. The investigator concluded that azelastine, formulated as a nasal spray, is as effective as loratidine tablets in the relief of the symptoms of seasonal rhinitis and that it has a rapid onset of action. Un gruppo di 30 pazienti affetti da rinite allergica stagionale è stato trattato, in uno studio radomizzato, tra gruppi paralleli, doppio cieco, double dummy della durata di 6 settimane con azelastina spray nasale (0.14 mg/narice 2 volte al giorno) e loratina compresse (10 mg/die). I sintomi controllati sono stati i seguenti: starnuti, prurito nasale e/o oculare, lacrimazione, rinorrea, fotofobia, occlusione nasale, irritazione faringea, perdita dell'olfatto, edema della mucosa nasale, congiuntivite ed arrossamento della mucosa faringea. I sintomi sono stati valutati in base alia loro gravità assegnando un punteggio variabile da 1 a 4. In entrambi i gruppi di trattamento il punteggio totale della sintomatologia è risultato inferiore a quello basale ad ogni controllo nel corso dei trattamenti. Non sono state rilevate differenze significative tra i due trattamenti che si sono dimostrati entrambi efficaci. I ricercatori hanno concluso che azelastina spray nasale ha la stessa efficacia di loratidina compresse nell'alleviare i sintomi della rinite allergica stagionale e possiede una notevole rapidità di azione ed una notevole maneggevolezza clinica.

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Waddell, A. N., S. K. Patel, A. G. Toma, and A. R. Maw. "Intranasal steroid sprays in the treatment of rhinitis: is one better than another?" Journal of Laryngology & Otology 117, no. 11 (November 2003): 843–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002221503322542818.

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The treatment of allergic rhinitis has been revolutionized by the introduction of topical nasal steroids, which are one of the commonest prescriptions from otolaryngology departments. With so many different sprays available on the market, the literature was reviewed for the efficacy, side-effect profile and relative cost of each product and the following conclusions made:(1) A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy of intranasal corticosteroids and oral antihistamines in the treatment of allergic rhinitis showed a clear benefit in favour of intranasal steroids in relieving nasal symptoms.(2) There is no clear evidence to support the suggestion that one steroid spray is more effective than another in the treatment of seasonal or perennial allergic rhinitis.(3) All the sprays have a similar side-effect profile; the commonest being epistaxis with a reported incidence between 17 and 23 per cent. In all the clinical trials, the placebo spray had an appreciable rate of epistaxis of between 10 to 15 per cent.(4) Fluticasone causes a reduction in endogenous cortisol secretion but no significant adrenal suppression was seen with triamcinolone, beclomethasone, budesonide or mometasone.(5) There is little evidence that skeletal growth is restricted by the administration of topical nasal steroid sprays.(6) There is considerable variation in the daily cost of each spray. Beclomethasone, dexamethasone and budesonide are significantly cheaper than fluticasone, mometasone or triamcinolone.

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Sun, Yanhong, Yinhuan Wang, Jianming Zhou, Qingxue Zhou, and Shilei Dong. "Screening of Concentration and Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Antimicrobial Preservative in Betastatin Besylate Nasal Spray." BioMed Research International 2020 (December 12, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1315069.

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Objective. To explore the optimal concentration and antimicrobial effectiveness of antimicrobial preservative in betastatin besylate nasal spray. Methods. By using Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Aspergillus niger as test strains, the antimicrobial effectiveness of betastatin besylate nasal spray containing different concentrations of antimicrobial preservative (0.02%, 0.0125%, and 0.005% benzalkonium chloride, respectively) was determined by using bacteriostatic effect test (Chinese Pharmacopoeia, 2015 edition). Results. The antimicrobial effectiveness of betastatin besylate nasal spray containing 0.02% and 0.0125% benzalkonium chloride, respectively, complied with the regulations of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 Edition) against five test strains. However, the antimicrobial effectiveness of betastatin besylate nasal spray containing 0.005% benzalkonium chloride against P. aeruginosa did not meet the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Conclusion. Benzalkonium chloride at a concentration of 0.125% can be used as an added antimicrobial preservative in betastatin besylate nasal spray.

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Frank, Dennis O., Julia S. Kimbell, Sachin Pawar, and John S. Rhee. "Effects of Anatomy and Particle Size on Nasal Sprays and Nebulizers." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 146, no. 2 (November 2, 2011): 313–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0194599811427519.

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Objective. To study the effects of nasal deformity on aerosol penetration past the nasal valve (NV) for varying particle sizes using sprays or nebulizers. Study Design. Computed mathematical nasal airway model. Setting. Department computer lab. Subjects and Methods. Particle deposition was analyzed using a computational fluid dynamics model of the human nose with leftward septal deviation and compensatory right inferior turbinate hypertrophy. Sprays were simulated for 10 µm, 20 µm, 50 µm, or particle sizes following a Rosin Rammler particle size distribution (10-110 µm), at speeds of 1, 3, or 10 meters per second. Nebulization was simulated for 1, 3.2, 6.42, or 10 µm particles. Steady state inspiratory airflow was simulated at 15.7 liters per minute. Results. Sprays predicted higher NV penetration on the right side for particle sizes >10 µm, with comparable penetration on both sides at 10 µm. Nearly 100% deposited in the nasal passages for all spray characteristics. Nebulizer predictions showed nearly 100% of particles <6.42 µm and more than 50% of 6.42 µm bypassing both sides of the nose without depositing. Of the nebulized particles that deposited, penetration was higher on the right at 10 µm, with comparable penetration on both sides at 6.42 µm. Spray penetration was highest at 10 µm, with more than 96% penetrating on both sides at 1 and 3 meters per second. Nebulization penetration was also highest at 10 µm (40% on the left, >90% on the right). Conclusion. In the presence of a septal deviation, sprays or nebulizers containing 10-µm particles may have good penetration beyond the NV. Nebulized particles <10 µm are likely to be respirable. Additionally, spray speeds above 3 meters per second may limit penetration.

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Lo, Joseph Bernard, and Emmanuel Tadeus Cruz. "Efficacy of Carragelose® Nasal Spray Impregnated Versus Mupirocin Ointment Impregnated Nasal Packs on Mucosal Healing after Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Double-Blind, Non-Randomized, Right-Left Side Comparison." Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery 35, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32412/pjohns.v35i2.1503.

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ABSTRACTObjective: To determine the efficacy of carragelose® nasal spray versus mupirocin ointment impregnated nasal packs on postoperative mucosal healing among chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) patients after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Methods:Design: Double-Blind, Non-Randomized, Right-Left Side ComparisonSetting: Tertiary Government Training HospitalParticipants: Fifteen (15) patients diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP) who had ESS were included in the study. Nasal packs (Netcell®) impregnated with carragelose® nasal spray or mupirocin ointment were respectively applied in right and left nostrils. Postoperative mucosal healing was graded by a blinded consultant using the Lund-Kennedy Endoscopic Scoring System and Perioperative Sinus Endoscopy (POSE) scoring system. Results: Six patients (12 nasal sides) completed the study. Comparing nasal packs impregnated with carragelose® nasal spray mupirocin ointment, the carragelose® group had lower Lund- Kennedy median scores than the mupirocin group on the 7th post-operative day; and this was statistically significant (p = .027). There were no significant differences in Lund-Kennedy postoperative scores on days 4 (p = .217), 14 (p = .171) and 28 (p = .151). Conclusion: Carragelose® nasal spray impregnated nasal packs may be comparable with, and may be an alternative to mupirocin ointment impregnated nasal packs in terms of postoperative mucosal healing among ESS patients with CRSwNP.

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Sonnemann, Uwe, Olaf Scherner, and Nina Werkhäuser. "Treatment of Rhinitis Sicca Anterior with Ectoine Containing Nasal Spray." Journal of Allergy 2014 (April 13, 2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/273219.

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Objectives. The safety and efficacy of ectoine nasal spray and ectoine nasal spray with dexpanthenol in the treatment of rhinitis sicca were evaluated in two studies. Design and Methods. Two noninterventional observational studies were performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a nasal spray containing ectoine (study 1) and ectoine/dexpanthenol (study 2) over a period of two weeks including comparable numbers of patients suffering from rhinitis sicca anterior. Patients and physicians were asked to rate the efficacy in reducing symptoms and the tolerability over the treatment phase. Results. The treatment in both studies resulted in a clinical and statistical significant reduction of the main diagnosis parameters, nasal airway obstruction, and crust formation. There was also a significant reduction in the secondary diagnosis parameters in both studies. Importantly, the tolerability was very good. During the whole observational study, neither patients nor doctors stopped the medication due to unwanted effects. Conclusion. Rhinitis sicca could be successfully treated with a nasal spray containing ectoine and a nasal spray combining ectoine with dexpanthenol. The combination of both substances led to slight advantages.

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Behncke, V. B., G. Alemar, D. A. Kaufman, and F. J. Eidelman. "Azelastine Nasal Spray and Fluticasone Nasal Spray in the Treatment of Geriatric Patients with Rhinitis." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 117, no. 2 (February 2006): S263. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.1040.

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Yusin, Joseph, Vivian Wang, Susanne M. Henning, Jieping Yang, Chi-Hong Tseng, Gail Thames, Irina Arnold, et al. "The Effect of Broccoli Sprout Extract on Seasonal Grass Pollen-Induced Allergic Rhinitis." Nutrients 13, no. 4 (April 17, 2021): 1337. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13041337.

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Patients exposed to pollutants are more likely to suffer from allergic rhinitis and may benefit from antioxidant treatment. Our study determined if patients diagnosed with grass-induced allergic rhinitis could benefit from broccoli sprout extract (BSE) supplementation. In total, 47 patients were confirmed with grass-induced allergic rhinitis and randomized to one of four groups: group 1 (nasal steroid spray + BSE), group 2 (nasal steroid spray + placebo tablet), group 3 (saline nasal spray + BSE) and group 4 (saline nasal spray + placebo tablet). Peak Nasal Inspiratory Flow (PNIF), Total Nasal Symptoms Scores (TNSS) and nasal mucus cytokine levels were analyzed in samples collected before and after the 3-week intervention. Comparing before and after the intervention, PNIF improved significantly when comparing Groups 1 and 2, vs. placebo, at various time points (p ≤ 0.05 at 5, 15, 60 and 240 min) following nasal challenge, while TNSS was only statistically significant at 5 (p = 0.03), 15 (p = 0.057) and 30 (p = 0.05) minutes. There were no statistically significant differences in various cytokine markers before and after the intervention. Combining nasal corticosteroid with BSE led to the most significant improvement in objective measures.

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Pai, Vishwas K., Shravan S. Shetty, P. P. Devan, and S. G. Mahesh. "Adenoidectomy versus mometasone furoate nasal spray in treatment of nasal obstruction in children due to adenoid hypertrophy: a comparative study." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 5, no. 2 (February 23, 2019): 310. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20190007.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> One of the common causes for nasal obstruction in children is adenoid hypertrophy. It is common indication for surgical removal in these patients due to multiple morbidities. In severe symptoms adenoidectomy is recommended, however there are limitations for surgery like cleft palate.The safety of nasal steroid spray has been well reported. The aim of the current study is to determine the effectiveness of adenoidectomy verses mometasone nasal spray in treatment of children with adenoid hypertrophy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Randomized prospective study was conducted in the department of ENT on 60 children who met the inclusion criteria. They were randomized into 2 groups and pre-treatment scoring was accessed. Group A underwent adenoidectomy and Group B underwent mometasonefuroate nasal spray therapy. Patients were evaluated on 40th day, 4th month. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> During the 40th day follow up post treatment, a significant difference was found with no nasal obstruction in 93.3% patients who underwent adenoidectomy compared to 63.3% for those treated with MF nasal. At follow up after 4 months, 93.3% patients in group A had had improvement in clinically as compared to 76.6% in group B were nasal obstruction was relived. In group A, there was significant reduction in adenoid grading after adenoidectomy compared to MF nasal spray at 40 days follow up (p≤0.001). However long term MF nasal spray also associated with significant reduction in the size.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In patients were adenoidectomy is contraindicated, long term MF nasal spray treatment has good efficacy in treatment of nasal obstruction due to adenoid hypertrophy.</p>

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Pearson, Richard G., Tahir Masud, Elaine Blackshaw, Andrew Naylor, Michael Hinchcliffe, Kirk Jeffery, Faron Jordan, et al. "Nasal Administration and Plasma Pharmacokinetics of Parathyroid Hormone Peptide PTH 1-34 for the Treatment of Osteoporosis." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 6 (June 7, 2019): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11060265.

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Nasal delivery of large peptides such as parathyroid 1-34 (PTH 1-34) can benefit from a permeation enhancer to promote absorption across the nasal mucosa into the bloodstream. Previously, we have published an encouraging bioavailability (78%), relative to subcutaneous injection in a small animal preclinical model, for a liquid nasal spray formulation containing the permeation enhancer polyethylene glycol (15)-hydroxystearate (Solutol® HS15). We report here the plasma pharmacokinetics of PTH 1-34 in healthy human volunteers receiving the liquid nasal spray formulation containing Solutol® HS15. For comparison, data for a commercially manufactured teriparatide formulation delivered via subcutaneous injection pen are also presented. Tc-99m-DTPA gamma scintigraphy monitored the deposition of the nasal spray in the nasal cavity and clearance via the inferior meatus and nasopharynx. The 50% clearance time was 17.8 min (minimum 10.9, maximum 74.3 min). For PTH 1-34, mean plasma Cmax of 5 pg/mL and 253 pg/mL were obtained for the nasal spray and subcutaneous injection respectively; relative bioavailability of the nasal spray was ≤1%. Subsequently, we investigated the pharmacokinetics of the liquid nasal spray formulation as well as a dry powder nasal formulation also containing Solutol® HS15 in a crossover study in an established ovine model. In this preclinical model, the relative bioavailability of liquid and powder nasal formulations was 1.4% and 1.0% respectively. The absolute bioavailability of subcutaneously administered PTH 1-34 (mean 77%, range 55–108%) in sheep was in agreement with published human data for teriparatide (up to 95%). These findings have important implications in the search for alternative routes of administration of peptides for the treatment of osteoporosis, and in terms of improving translation from animal models to humans.

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Sharpe, SA, V. Sandweiss, J. Tuazon, M. Giordano, L. Witchey-Lakshmanan, and J. Sequeira. "Comparison of the flow properties of mometasone furoate nasal spray with other nasal corticosteroid sprays." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 109, no. 1 (January 2002): S106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-6749(02)81424-5.

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Stanford, R., E. Meltzer, R. Nathan, J. Derebery, P. Stang, and U. Campbell. "Nasal Spray Device And Formulation Attributes May Contribute To Stopping Treatment With Prescription Nasal Sprays." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 119, no. 1 (January 2007): S228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2006.12.264.

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