Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nasal cavity'
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Hörschler, Ingolf. "Numerical analysis of nasal cavity flows." Aachen Shaker, 2007. http://d-nb.info/988058022/04.
Full textHörschler, Ingolf. "Numerical analysis of nasal cavity flows /." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016470483&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textHörschler, Ingolf [Verfasser]. "Numerical Analysis of Nasal Cavity Flows / Ingolf Hörschler." Aachen : Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/1162790377/34.
Full textBanger, Kulwinder Kaur. "Glutathione S-transferases of the rat nasal cavity." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261475.
Full textНосова, Я. В., and М. Ю. Тимкович. "Determination of nasal resistance according to CT data." Thesis, ХНМУ, 2020. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/13512.
Full textStoor, Patricia. "Interactions between oral and nasal microorganisms and the bioactive glass S53P4 with special reference to nasal cavity surgery." Turku : Turun Yliopisto, 2001. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/47834263.html.
Full textNayebossadri, Shahrzad. "Computational and experimental study of nasal cavity airflow dynamics." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2012. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/8611.
Full textНосова, Я. В., Е. А. Чугринова, Фарук Хушам, and Т. В. Носова. "Analysis of Rhinomanometric Data in the Diagnosis of Rhonchopathy." Thesis, RS Global S. z O.O, 2018. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/6894.
Full textGambaruto, A. M. "Form and flow in anatomical conduits : bypass graft and nasal cavity." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444079.
Full textInthavong, Kiao, and kiao inthavong@rmit edu au. "Simulation of Fluid Dynamics and Particle Transport in a Realistic Human Nasal Cavity." RMIT University. Aerospace, Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, 2008. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20081202.162555.
Full textPrado, Priscila Capelato. "Dimensões internas nasais de adultos com obstrução nasal avaliadas por rinometria acústica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-27042009-160711/.
Full textObjective: To characterize the nasal geometry of adults with nasal obstruction due to septal deviation and/or turbinate hypertrophy by analyzing sectional areas and volumes of specific segments of the nasal cavity by means of acoustic rhinometry. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP and Otorhinolaryngology Clinics, Hospital Estadual Bauru. Participants: Thirty patients with nasal obstruction complaints, of both sexes, aged 18 to 40 years, presenting septal deviation+turbinate hypertrophy (n=24), septal deviation only (n=5) or turbinate hypertrophy only (n=1) on clinical examination. Main Outcome Measures: Sectional areas measured at the three main deflections of the rhinogram (CSA1, CSA2, CSA3), their respective distances from the nostrils (dCSA1, dCSA2, dCSA3) and volumes at the 1.0-3.2cm (V1), 3.3-6.4cm (V2) and 7.0-12.0cm (V3) segments were evaluated, before and after nasal decongestion, by means of an Eccovision Acoustic Rhinometer. For analysis, the values from the right and left cavities were added. Results: Before nasal decongestion, mean values (±SD) obtained corresponded to 0.83±0.23cm2(CSA1), 1.66±0.52cm2(CSA2), 2.36±0.77cm2(CSA3), 2.19±0.20cm(dCSA1), 4.01±0.33cm(dCSA2), 5.85±0.37cm(dCSA3), 2.77±0.51cm3(V1), 6.52±1.99cm3(V2), 26.00±9.62cm3(V3). These values were significantly lower (p<0.05) than those set for adults without obstruction at the same laboratory. Decongestion caused CSA and V increases proportionally higher in the group with nasal obstruction, suggesting the involvement of a functional component. Twelve cases presented normal results, despite the presence of septal deviation and/or turbinate hypertrophy. Conclusion: The results showed, in most patients analyzed, significant impairment of nasal patency associated with nasal obstruction due to structural defects.
Humphreys, Gavin John. "Bacteriological analyses of the nasal cavity and sphenoid sinus in health and disease." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.516300.
Full textMenegat, Fabiano 1975. "Avaliação dos sintomas de obstrução nasal com uso da escala NOSE após expansão rápida da maxila cirurgicamente assistida." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290203.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: Este estudo avaliou prospectivamente os sintomas de obstrução nasal em pacientes submetidos à expansão rápida da maxila cirurgicamente assistida (ERMCA) usando a escala NOSE (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation). Foram estudados dezesseis pacientes (idade média 31 ± 7,7 anos), dez mulheres e seis homens, que necessitaram de ERMCA. Os pacientes receberam no pré-operatório, aparelhos do tipo Hyrax e os procedimentos de ERMCA foram executados pela técnica de Kraut (1984), sob anestesia geral. O questionário (NOSE) foi aplicado no pré-operatório e aos seis meses de pós-operatório e os resultados foram comparados. Os resultados para cada indicador foram obtidos em uma escala que variou de 0 a 4 e multiplicados por 5, gerando uma escala de 0 a 100. Os dados foram estratificados de acordo com os índices NOSE e a obstrução nasal foi categorizada como LEVE (0 a 25), MODERADA (26 a 50) e GRAVE (> 50). Os dados foram submetidos ao tratamento estatístico utilizando-se o pacote estatístico SAS®, e o teste de Wilcoxon foi utilizado para comparação entre os grupos, com nível de significância de 5%. Todos os pacientes mantiveram ou melhoraram dos sintomas de obstrução nasal seis meses após a ERMCA, quando avaliados por meio da escala NOSE. Concluiu-se que a avaliação por meio da escala NOSE demonstrou que a ERMCA pode melhorar a sintomatologia de obstrução nasal
Abstract: This study prospectively assessed nasal obstruction symptoms in patients submitted to surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) using the NOSE (Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation) scale. Sixteen patients were included (mean age 31 ± 7,7 years), ten women and six men, who needed SARME. All patients received Hyrax type devices in the preoperative period and SARME was performed by the Kraut¿s technique (1984). The NOSE scale was used to prospectively assess nasal obstruction symptoms. Results were recorded for each score in a scale ranging from 0 to 4 and multiplied by 5, generating a scale from 0 to 100. Data were stratified according NOSE scores and nasal obstruction was categorized as MILD (0 to 25), MODERATE (26 to 50) and SEVERE (> 50). The questionnaire was applied in preoperative period and after six months and results compared. Records were statistically analyzed using SAS¿ statistical pack. The Wilcoxon test was employed for comparison between groups with a significance level of 5%. All patients maintained or improved of nasal obstruction symptoms six months after SARME when evaluated with NOSE scale. In conclusion, maxillary expansion may improve nasal obstruction symptoms
Mestrado
Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais
Mestre em Clínica Odontológica
Palaisa, Jacqueline. "Use of conventional tomography to evaluate changes in the nasal cavity with rapid palatal expansion." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2005. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3809.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 57 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-52).
Abdelhamid, Ibrahim Younouss, and О. Г. Аврунін. "CT-signs of nasal cavity of different race for dynamic model of the air flow." Thesis, Харків: ХНУРЕ, 2017. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/10598.
Full textJansson, Björn. "Models for the Transfer of Drugs from the Nasal Cavity to the Central Nervous System." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Pharmacy, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3905.
Full textThe blood-brain barrier restricts the access of many compounds, including therapeutic agents, to the brain. Several human studies indicate that nasal administration of hydrophilic compounds, such as peptides, can bypass the blood-brain barrier. The aims of this thesis were to develop and refine models for this direct nose-to-brain transfer.
In a mouse model, [3H]-dopamine was given as a unilateral nasal dose. The resulting radioactivity in the ipsilateral olfactory bulb was significantly higher than that in the contralateral bulb and peaked at 4 h. Tape section autoradiography showed that the radioactivity was concentrated in the olfactory nerve layer and the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb. The olfactory transfer of dopamine was also studied in vitro. At a lower donor concentration, the mucosal-to-serosal dopamine permeability was higher than the serosal-to-mucosal permeability, but at a higher concentration, the permeability coefficients were similar. Together, these results suggest that the olfactory transfer of dopamine has an active component.
Olfactory transfer of fluorescein-labeled dextran through the epithelium and deeper tissues was studied in a rat model, which enabled visualization of the transfer using fluorescence microscopy. Although the epithelial transfer appeared to be mainly intracellular, transfer in the following deeper tissues was extracellular. Without altering the route of uptake, a gellan gum formulation enhanced the uptake of fluorescein dextran. The enhancing effect was considered likely to be the result of an increased residence time in the nasal cavity.
In conclusion, dopamine and fluorescein-labeled dextran were identified as suitable model compounds for the study of olfactory drug transfer mechanisms and the influence of drug formulation. Two new in vitro models of olfactory transfer were compared. Also, a rat model, which enabled the visualization of the entire nose-to-brain transfer, was developed.
Jansson, Björn. "Models for the transfer of drugs from the nasal cavity to the central nervous system /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis: Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3905.
Full textBeddow, Simon. "The acute toxicity of hydrazine in the rat nasal cavity : a histological and metabolic study." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244446.
Full textPalm, Jörgen. "Nasal airway nitric oxide : methodological aspects and influence of inflammation /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-801-7/.
Full textGomes, Adriana de Oliveira Camargo. ""Dimensões nasais e nasofaríngeas de indivíduos sem evidências de obstrução nasal avaliadas por rinometria acústica no repouso e na fala."." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61131/tde-20042006-132250/.
Full textObjective: To determine cross-sectional areas and volumes of specific segments of the nasal cavity, including the nasopharyngeal region, of individuals without evidences of nasal obstruction, and the same volumes during speech, with the purpose of establishing reference values. Model: Prospective analysis. Setting: Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP. Participants: 30 caucasians volunteers, aged between 18 and 30 years (14 males and 16 females). Intervention/Variables: Cross-sectional areas corresponding to the nasal valve (CSA1), anterior edge of the inferior turbinate (CSA2) and posterior edge of the inferior turbinate (CSA3), and volumes corresponding to the nasal valve (V1), turbinate (V2) and nasopharyngeal regions (V3) were evaluated. Measurements were performed by acoustic rhinometry before and after nasal decongestion, at rest (voluntary interruption of respiration) and during velopharyngeal activity (silent continuous production of the sound /f/). Results: Mean values (±SD) of areas (in cm2) and volumes (in cm3) were the following: CSA1=0,54±0,13, CSA2=0,98±0,31, CSA3=1,42±0,44, V1=1,68±0,32, V2=3,98±1,12 and V3=18,93±3,51. After decongestion, the values were significantly larger (p<0,05). During speech, volumes were the following: V1=1,80±0,22; V2=4,22±1,20; V3=15,32±5,40. Nasopharyngeal volume (V3) measured during speech was significantly smaller than at rest (p<0,05). Conclusion: The comparison of the nasal cross-sectional areas and volumes obtained with those reported in the literature validate their use as reference values and the use of acoustic rhinometry to assess nasal geometry and velopharyngeal activity during speech.
Messias, Mariana Silva. "Tumores nasosinusais em cães." Bachelor's thesis, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa. Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/944.
Full textA dissertação aqui presente reflecte a componente prática do estágio do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária, decorrido no Hospital Escolar da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e na Clínica Veterinária das Laranjeiras entre Outubro de 2007 e Maio de 2008. Da casuística acompanhada durante este período foi decidido abordar a temática “Tumores nasosinusais em canídeos” e na sequência desta, efectuado um estudo referente a nove cães com diagnóstico histológico da doença. Foi feita uma abordagem aos seus aspectos epidemiológicas, sua caracterização clínica, métodos de diagnóstico e opções de tratamento disponíveis. Os tumores da cavidade nasal e dos seios paranasais têm uma baixa prevalência na totalidade de tumores que afectam os cães, contudo representam cerca de 59% a 82% de todos os tumores que afectam aparelho respiratório canino. Apesar de surgirem em idades tão precoces como 1 ano e tão avançadas como 16, os animais afectados têm em média 10 anos de idade e há uma maior prevalência da doença em raças dolicocéfalas e mesocéfalas. Maioritariamente malignas, estas neoplasias têm um comportamento local bastante invasivo, porém o seu índice de metástases é na generalidade baixo e tardio, sendo os locais de metastização mais frequentes os linfonodos regionais e o pulmão. A maioria dos animais apresenta-se à consulta com uma história crónica de epistaxis, espirros e descargas nasais mucopurulentas que geralmente se arrastam por um período médio de 3 meses até que a doença seja diagnosticada. De igual modo podem ocorrer outros sinais clínicos do foro respiratório, sinais oculares e sinais neurológicos por invasão respectiva da órbita e da cavidade craniana. O diagnóstico clínico da doença pode ser feito com recurso a meios de diagnóstico imagiológico como radiografia, TAC, ressonância magnética e rinoscopia, devendo este ser sistematicamente confirmado por uma análise histopatológia. A opção de tratamento com maior sucesso terapêutico é a radioterapia em associação a cirurgia excisional da massa tumoral, conquanto não havendo disponibilidade deste recurso, o emprego da quimioterapia é eficaz na redução da sintomatologia clínica e no aumento do período de vida dos animais.
ABSTRACT This thesis reflects the training of the Integrated Master’s Degree in Veterinary Medicine, at the Hospital Escolar da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária and at Clínica Veterinária das Laranjeiras between October 2007 and May 2008. From the caseload followed during this training, it was decided to advance the theme “Nasosinusal tumours in dogs”, and, in the sequence of it, to carry out a study including nine dogs with a confirmed histologic diagnosis of this tumours. It describes and discusses aspects concerning to the epidemiology and clinical presentation of the disease and the available diagnostic and treatment tools. The nasosinusal tumours have a low prevalence among all those that affect dogs; nevertheless, they represent about 59% to 82% of all tumours that affect the respiratory system of this species. Although the mean age of occurrence for this disease is 10 years, it can arise between the ages of one and 16. There is a higher prevalence of the disease among dolichocephalic and mesocephalic breeds. Essentially malignant, these neoplasms have expressive local invasiveness behaviour, but their metastatic index is very low, and it occurs preferential to regional lymphatic nodes and lungs. The majority of the animals are presented to the consult with a chronic history of epistaxis, sneezing and mucopurulent nasal discharge that generally extend for a mean period of three months before the disease is diagnosed. Ophthalmic and neurological signs can occur, secondarily to the invasion of the orbit and the cranial vault respectively, as well as other respiratory clinical signs. The clinical diagnosis of the disease can be done recurring to imaging methods such as radiography, CT and MRI, but it must be always confirmed by an histological examination of the mass. The most successful treatment option for this disease is radiation therapy in association with surgical excision of the tumour. However, if access to this therapy is not possible, chemotherapy is effective in reducing the clinical signs and prolonging the survival period of afflicted animals.
Fadul, Gabrielle Nicole. "Comparison Study of Nanoparticle and Cyclophosphamide Deposition in Olfactory Region between Microfluidic Device and Nasal Cavity." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1575465625992011.
Full textOsazee, Osarueme J., Monday I. Idemudia, Sreenivas P. Veeranki, Yan Cao, and Shimin Zheng. "The Effect of Cigarette Smoke on the Microbiota or the Normal Flora of the Nasal Cavity." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/97.
Full textROCHA, Jackson Ítalo Tavares da. "Avaliação da geometria nasal em adultos com apneia obstrutiva do sono." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18675.
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A apneia obstrutiva do sono (AOS) é uma disfunção da respiração que gera interrupções no sono, consequentes quadros de hipersonolência diurna, além de disfunções cardiovasculares. Sua etiologia ainda é desconhecida, sendo descrita como multifatorial. Ainda assim, o seu diagnóstico é bastante preciso e realizado por meio de um exame padrão-ouro, a polissonografia. Muitos estudos têm investigado outros procedimentos diagnósticos que permitam complementar a bateria de exames já existentes com a finalidade de facilitar e permitir um diagnóstico e intervenção cada vez mais precoces na AOS. Com isto, a rinometria acústica (RA), que permite mensurar a geometria nasal, surge como possibilidade de cumprir tais objetivos quando aplicada em pacientes com AOS. Este é um estudo transversal analítico e seu objetivo foi comparar as medidas rinométricas entre indivíduos sem e com AOS e correlacionar o volume (V) e a área de secção transversal mínima (ASTM) das cavidades nasais com a gravidade e sintomas da AOS. Para compor a amostra, foram convidados pacientes sem AOS e diagnosticados com AOS, em diferentes graus, acompanhados no ambulatório de Pneumologia do Hospital Otávio de Freitas nos últimos dois anos. A pesquisa foi realizada em conjunto na clínica de fonoaudiologia da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Os indivíduos foram divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1 (sem AOS e AOS leve; n=10) e grupo 2 (AOS moderada e grave; n=10). A coleta dos dados de cada paciente foi realizada por meio da busca de prontuário, identificando sexo, idade, escala de sonolência de Epworth (ESE) e os resultados da polissonografia e, em seguida, era realizada a RA. A análise do estudo foi feita por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial com auxílio do software SPSS, versão 18.0. A aderência dos dados aos padrões de normalidade e homogeneidade foi testada pelo teste de Shapiro-Wilk e Levene, respectivamente. A comparação entre os grupos foi realizada com o teste de Mann-Whitney e a correlação entre as variáveis com o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman. As diferenças foram assumidas quando p<0,05. Não foi encontrada diferença entre os grupos estudados nos valores totais da área de secção transversa mínima (ASTM) (grupo 1: 1,71cm² [0,93; 2,84cm²] vs. grupo 2: 1,47cm² [0,87; 2,60cm²]) e do volume (V) (grupo1: 19,25cm³ [12,50-36,15cm³] e grupo 2: 24,82cm³ [7,58- 32,48cm³]). Não houve correlação entre o índice apneia e hipopneia (IAH) e ASTM (r = 0,044; p>0,05), nem entre o IAH e V (r = 0,323, p>0,05). Não foi possível observar correlação entre a ESE e ASTM (r = -0,064; p>0,05), nem entre a ESE e V (r = -0,115, p>0,05). Na amostra estudada, em indivíduos sem queixa de obstrução nasal, a geometria nasal não apresentou correlação com a gravidade ou com os sintomas da AOS.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder of breathing during sleep characterized by several interruptions in sleep, daytime sleepiness, and cardiovascular disorders. The etiology is described as multifactorial and the diagnosis is assessed by gold standard polysomnography measures. However, many studies have been developed to find other coadjuvants diagnostics procedures for the early detection of OSA. Acoustic rhinometry (AR) allows the assessment of nasal geometry and emerge as a new possibility to help in the diagnosis of OSA patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare rhinometric measures between subjects with and without OSA and to correlate nasal geometry with the symptoms and the severity of OSA. This is an analytical cross-sectional study and the objective is to analyze the rhinometric characteristics in subjects with OSA. Consecutive patients diagnosed with, different levels of OSA severity, and patients diagnosed without OSA followed at the Hospital Otavio de Freitas (HOF) in the last 2 years. The subjects were divided into two groups: group 1 (patients without OSA/mild OSA; n=10) and group 2 (moderate/severe OSA; n=10). The baseline data were collected for each patient first identifying data such as gender, age, Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and the results of polysomnography. Then, the patients were also submitted to AR. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS (Version 18, IBM, NY USA). Shapiro Wilk test was used to determine the distributions of continuous variables were normally. Levene test was used for the evaluation of homogeneity of variances. Between-group differences in continuous data were assessed using Mann-Whitney test and the associations were examined with Spearman correlation coefficient. Statistical tests were considered significant when p < 0.05. No difference was found between the groups studied in the total value of the minimum cross-sectional area (MCSA) (group 1: 1,71cm² [0.93; 2,84cm²] vs. group 2: 1,47cm² [0.87; 2 , 60cm²]) and volume (V) (group1: 19,25cm³ [12,5036,15cm³] and group 2: 24,82cm³ [7,58- 32,48cm³]). There was no correlation between the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and MCSA (r = 0.044; p> 0.05) nor between AHI and V (r = 0.323, p> 0.05). Could not observe correlation between ESS and MSCA (r = -0.064; p> 0.05) or between the ESS and V (r = -0.115, p> 0.05). In the sample studied in individuals without complaints of nasal obstruction, nasal geometry was not correlated with the severity or symptoms of OSA. Keywords: Acous
Gomes, Erika Ferreira. "Relevância das variações anatômicas das cavidades nasais no acesso transesfenoidal endoscópico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-07122012-162943/.
Full textBackground: Nasal anatomical variations can impair the visibility on endoscopic transsphenoidal approach for pituitary tumors. Objective: To evaluate anatomical variations, mainly nasal septum deviation, and their impact on the visibility of transsphenoidal endoscopic approach. To support the decision of access type or need to correct the deviated septum. Methods: Cross-sectional study with 38 patients who underwent transsphenoidal endoscopic surgery using the two nostrils - four hands between February 2009 and January 2011 in a referral center. They were submitted to the intraoperative register of anatomical variations, septal deviations, surgical corridor width and location of the deviated septum (height and depth), depth of the access to sphenoid and sella, exposure of sphenoid and sella after opening. Visibility was assessed using an ordinal scale: 0- no difficulty, 1- low to moderate difficulty, 2- severe difficulty. Comparisons of two means were performed using Students t test, and three or more means using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Turkeys complementary test. Correlations between scores were analyzed using the non-parametric chi-square test and the likelihood ratio. Results: Seventy-six nasal cavities were studied, and 50 septal deviations were found (66%). Among the patients with severe difficulty, 73% had a surgical corridor width in the location of the deviated septum of up to 9 mm (p < 0.001). Septal deviations in the middle level (p = 0.005) or posterior third (p < 0.001) were associated with severe difficulty. The width of the nasal cavity at the deviation was also smaller in the middle level (8.41 mm, p = 0,012) or posterior third (6.9 mm, p<0.001). In the surgical corridor, only the middle meatus was associated with difficulty (5 to 13 mm, 73% severe difficulty, p = 0.001). Anatomical variations of the nasal conchae were observed in 17% of cases with no impact on visibility. The average length of the nasal septum was 64 mm (95% CI 61.8 -66.8 mm); the mean depth to the sphenoid was 69 mm (95% CI 67-71 mm) and to the sella 82 mm (95% CI 80.2 - 83.8 mm). The average lateral exposure of the sphenoid was 20 mm and anteroposterior 20.8 mm and to the sella 12.8 mm and 11.7 mm respectively. Conclusions: The width of nasal cavity at deviation and site of septal deviation were associated with difficulty in visibility of the access. Septal deviations located at posterior third and at middle level in nasal cavities were strongly associated with difficulty
Gomes, Adriana de Oliveira Camargo. "Dimensões internas nasais de crianças com fissura de lábio e palato unilateral aferidas por rinometria acústica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61131/tde-19112007-161002/.
Full textObjective: To evaluate cross-sectional areas, distances and volumes of specific segments of the nasal cavity of children with unilateral cleft lip and palate, compared to children without cleft, by acoustic rhinometry. Design: Prospective analysis. Setting: Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP. Participants: Thirty-nine children with unilateral cleft lip and palate and 34 controls without cleft, of both genders, aged 6 to 9 years. Interventions/Variables: Cross-sectional areas measured at the 2nd, 3rd and 4th notches in the rhinogram (CSA1, CSA2 and CSA3), their distances from the nostril (d1, d2 and d3) and volumes measured at 1-3.2cm (V1), 3.3-6.4cm (V2) and 7-12cm (V3) from the nostril were evaluated by means of an Eccovision Acoustic Rhinometer-Hood Laboratories, before and after nasal decongestion. Results: At the cleft side (CS), the mean values (±SD) of CSA1, CSA2, CSA3 (in cm2), d1, d2 and d3 (in cm) and V1, V2 e V3 (in cm3) were: 0.17±0.12, 0.29±0.20, 0.40±0.28, 2.02±0.40, 3.74±0.51, 5.50±0.44, 0.54±0.30, 1.22±0.86 and 4.52±3.37, respectively. At the non-cleft side (NCS) mean values corresponded to 0.33±0.11, 0.65±0.28, 0.90±0.43, 1.69±0.48, 3.67±0.53, 5.60±0.70, 1.04±0.37, 2.57±1.20, and 8.77±4.85, respectively. CSA and V means at CS were significantly lower and d1 mean was higher than NCS and control means, before and after decongestion (p<0.05). Increased CSA and V mean values were seen after decongestion in both groups. Conclusion: The results show a significant impairment of nasal patency in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate.
Freire-Maia, Belini Augusto Villalba. "A influência da obstrução das vias aéreas superiores na determinação do tipo facial." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23151/tde-22052010-101301/.
Full textThe objective of this paper was to analyze the nasal geometry, the nasopharynx and the oropharynx in oral breathing children with indication for surgery clearence upper airway, in order to verify the existence of a possible direct influence of breathing in the determination of the facial type. A group of 657 children was evaluated and, among them, 75 were selected for otorhinolaryngologic evaluation through clinical exams, cavum radiography and/or nasal endoscopy , when the obstruction of the upper airway with surgical indication has been confirmed. From this subgroup, 41 children agreed to participate in the study (21 males: 20 females), with ages between 6,16 and 14,66 years, brazilians, whites, with no history of orthodontic treatment nor otorhinolaryngologic surgery (removal of the pharyngeal or palatine tonsils or internal structures of the nasal cavity). Radiographs were taken in lateral norm for the determination of the facial type and the acoustic rhinometry exam was performed for the determination of the nasal minimal transversal area. The statistical analyses of the data were made with the variance analysis (ANOVA), likelihood ratio test, analyses of variance with measures repeated with two factors, Bonferroni multiple comparisons, and Kruskal-Wallis test. The significance level was chosen as 0.05. No statistically significant difference was detected in the total area in MCA1 and MCA2 between the facial types. Besides that, the obstruction of the pharyngeal or palatine tonsils, taken separately or in combination, did not vary statistically according to the facial pattern (p = 0.582 for pharyngeal tonsil; p = 0.733 for palatine tonsil; and p = 0.925 when combined). Therefore, in the present study, no evidence has been found that the obstruction of the superior airway has determinant influence in the determination of the facial type.
Pádua, Francini Grecco de Melo. "Estudo da anatomia da região do forame esfenopalatino na parede lateral do nariz através da dissecção endoscópica em cadáveres." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-12022008-150115/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Even though the success rate of sphenopalatine ligation is greater than 95%, some authors have reported some difficulties in isolating those arteries during endoscopic surgical procedure. The failure rate of the sphenopalatine artery ligation or cauterization may vary from 2% to 10%. Some anatomical variations on the nose lateral wall are reported, with reference to the sphenopalatine foramen (SPF) location, the presence of an accessory foramen, arteries ramification and SPF dimension and morphology. Anatomical variation of the region, as well as scarcity of endoscopic studies showing landmarks to find the sphenopalatine artery and its branches may justify surgical failure. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the anatomy of SPF region and possible anatomical variations, during the endoscopic cadaver dissection and to observe the symmetry between nasal sides and the relationship to gender and racial group. CASUISTICS AND METHODS: It is a prospective anatomical study developed from September, 2006 to January, 2007. The SPF of 61 fresh cadavers (122 nasal fossae) was carefully endoscopic dissected. Male (75%) and mixed race cadavers prevailed. Presence of ethmoidal crest, location of sphenopalatine and accessory foramens, number of arterial branches emerging through foramens and distances from the foramens to anterior nasal spine were observed. Data were analyzed in relation to gender, racial group and symmetry of the same cadaver. Prediction of the presence of accessory foramen was evaluated in relation to number of arterial branches emerging through SPF, SPF location and distance from the SPF to the anterior nasal spine. RESULTS: Ethmoidal crest was present in 100% of cadavers, being anterior to the SPF in 98.4% of times. The most frequent SPF location was the transition region of middle and superior meatus (86.9%). Mean distance from SPF and accessory foramen to anterior nasal spine was 6.6cm and 6.7cm, respectively. Accessory foramen was present in 9.83% of cases. A single arterial stem emerged through the SPF in 67.2% of times, and 100% through accessory foramens. The prevalence analyses showed no differences statistically significant (p>0,05) between gender and racial group. The symmetry analyses showed a strong conformity (Kappa index 0,71/p<0,01) between nasal fossae in relation to the SPF location; and a poor conformity (Kappa index 0,22/p=0,03) in relation to the number of arterial branches emerging through the SPF. There was no statistically significant conformity between nasal fossae and the presence of accessory foramen (p = 0,53). None of the variables of interest presents any statistically significant (p>0,05) association with the presence of the accessory foramen. CONCLUSIONS: Anatomical variations in the lateral nose wall exist, and should be taken into account, for a well-succeeded endoscopic surgical treatment of severe epistaxis.
Gulbransen, Brian D. "Nasal solitary chemoreceptor cells : cell turnover, nerve dependence, and detection capabilities /." Connect to full text via ProQuest. Limited to UCD Anschutz Medical Campus, 2007.
Find full textTypescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-151). Free to UCD affiliates. Online version available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations;
Fiamoncini, Eduardo Stedile. "Análise tridimensional tomográfica das dimensões da cavidade nasal e do espaço aéreo nasal e faríngeo superior de indivíduos submetidos à expansão da maxila cirurgicamente assistida." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25151/tde-16082017-171053/.
Full textThe main objective of the surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) is to increase the transversal dimension of the upper dental arch in individuals with maxillary atresia. Its effects are not restricted to the maxilla, also acting on the nasal cavity and pharyngeal airway. The present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of dimensional changes in the nasal cavity and nasal and upper pharyngeal airway space in individuals submitted to surgically assisted maxillary expansion using 2 different osteotomies. Nasal and pharyngeal airway space structures were analyzed by pre-and post-operative cone beam computed tomography scans of 29 adult subjects submitted to surgically assisted maxillary expansion. Volumetric measurement of the nasal and upper pharyngeal airway and linear measurements of the nasal cavity were performed using Dolphin Imaging 11,7 software. The data were tabulated and submitted to statistical analysis by ANOVA analysis of variance and Tukey test (p <0,05). The results showed that both osteotomies were effective in correcting the transverse maxillary deficiency and presented similar effects on the nasal cavity and pharyngeal airway space. There was an increase in the volume of pharyngeal airway, also observed in the hypopharynx region. In addition, it was observed that SARME promotes an increase in the floor width of the nasal cavity after expansion, and, consequently, an increase in nasal airway volume.
Bertier, Carlos Eduardo. "Efeitos da rinosseptoplastia sobre as dimensões internas nasais e ressonância da fala em indivíduos com fissura de lábio e palato unilateral reparada: análise por rinometria acústica e nasometria." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61131/tde-19122006-141826/.
Full textObjective: To analyze the effects of rhinoseptoplasty on the nasal cross-sectional areas and volumes, and the speech nasalance of individuals with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate, assessed by acoustic rhinometry and nasometry. Design: Prospective analysis. Setting: Surgery Service and Laboratory of Physiology at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC-USP). Participants: Individuals with previously repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (n=21, age=15-46 years) were evaluated before surgery (PRE) after 6-9 months (POST1) and after 12-18 months (POST2). Variables: Acoustic rhinometry was used to measure the cross-sectional areas of segments corresponding to the nasal valve (CSA1), anterior portion (CSA2) and posterior portion (CSA3) of the lower turbinate, and the nasal volumes at the regions of the nasal valve (V1) and nasal turbinates (V2) at both sides, before and after nasal decongestion with a topical vasoconstrictor. Nasometry was employed to evaluate the speech nasalance during the reading of a text predominantly containing nasal sounds and other containing only oral sounds. Results: At the cleft side, before nasal decongestion, there was a significant increase (p<0.05) in mean CSA1 and CSA2 values at POST1 and POST2 compared to PRE. After decongestion, increased values were also observed for CSA2 and V2 at POST2. No significant changes were observed at the non-cleft side. The mean nasalance values at PRE, POST1 and POST2 were not different from each other in both oral and nasal texts. Conclusion: The measurement of cross-sectional areas and volumes by acoustic rhinometry revealed that rhinoseptoplasty provided, in most cases analyzed, a significant increase in nasal patency, without concomitant changes in speech resonance, as estimated by nasalance assessment.
Chamberlain, Mark Peter. "The toxicity of methyl iodide : in vivo and in vitro mechanistic studies in the rat nasal cavity and cerebellum." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244461.
Full textRodrigues, Marcio Nogueira. "Análise do potencial terapêutico de células derivadas do órgão vômeronasal de coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-26012015-151912/.
Full textThe vômeronasal organ (VNO) is a structure that detects pheromones, emits signals that modulate social and reproductive behavior. It has stem cells that divide and migrate to replace neurons throughout life. The aim of this study was to isolate and characterize cells derived from the vômeronasal organ from rabbits New Zealand and test their therapeutic potential in the treatment of ablation of the vômeronasal pathway. 10 male rabbits with 120 days were submitted to the ablation of VNO and 2 controls animals used to collect material for cell culture. Three different culture media DMEM High Glucose, Alpha MEM and DMEM/F12 were tested. In cell culture observed greater confluence and growth when used DMEM High Glucose, confirmed by MTT assay and Trypan Blue. In immunocytochemistry observed PCNA + OCT4 +, Nanog +, GFAP + Vimentin +, Nestin +, Stro-1 + B-tubulin +, CK-18 +, CD73 +, CD90 +, CD105 +, CD34-, CD117-and CD45-. In flow cytometry was observed PCNA + OCT-3/4 + Nanog +, GFAP + Vimentin +, Nestin +, Stro-1 + B-tubulin +, CK-18 +, CD73 +, CD90 +, CD105 +, CD34-and CD45-. Molecular analysis was possible to observe the expression of CD73, CD105, Oct-4, Nestin, vimentin and GAPDH. Functionally, the cells differentiate into adipocytes, osteocytes and chondrocytes have not Balb-cnu/nu tumorigenic potential in mice. Hormonal analysis demonstrated that animals treated after 7 days and 14 days there were no significant differences between treated groups and controls. In group after 21 days noticed a 50% difference in hormone levels in the treated group compared to the control group. In expression analysis for eGFP was observed that the treated animals after 7 the injected cells formed cell clusters in the underlying sensory epithelium region. After 14 days continued to surround the neurosensory epithelium and after 21 days there was little expression in the cells located just behind the neurosensory epithelium region. The cell line derived from the vômeronasal organ has a population of progenitor cells that were visualized in the lesion focus, demonstrating their ability to migrate, which makes it a good source for cell therapy in ablation of the vômeronasal pathway.
Samarão, Filipa Rosa Lima Barros Afonso. "Novos sistemas terapêuticos para administração nasal de fármacos." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5315.
Full textA via de administração nasal de fármacos é uma via não invasiva e apresenta um elevado interesse devido às vantagens que possui relativamente a outras vias, tais como: previne o metabolismo hepático, a sua mucosa apresenta uma elevada área disponível para absorção, possui um epitélio fino e altamente vascularizado. Estas caraterísticas permitem obter uma elevada permeabilidade e uma rápida absorção dos fármacos administrados, principalmente quando se pretende um efeito sistémico. No entanto, vários fatores condicionam a absorção de fármacos a nível nasal, como a rápida clearance mucociliar, a atividade enzimática, o pH da formulação ou a lipossolubilidade do fármaco. A via nasal permite alcançar uma ação local ou sistémica. Possibilita o acesso dos fármacos ao Sistema Nervoso Central, permitindo o tratamento de diversas patologias. A mucosa nasal permite, ainda a veiculação de vacinas, apresentando-se como uma importante alternativa à via parenteral. Os novos sistemas farmacêuticos são estudados para veicular fármacos através da via nasal face aos sistemas farmacêuticos convencionais, pois estes sistemas oferecem vantagens como uma administração controlada, proteção, aumentam o tempo de retenção do fármaco na mucosa nasal e aumentam a sua permeação através do epitélio, conduzindo a um aumento da biodisponibilidade.
The nasal drug delivery is a non-invasive route that has a high interest and possesses several advantages over other routes. Intranasal administration avoids the hepatic first-pass metabolism, the nasal mucosa has a thin epithelium and is highly vascularized. These characteristics allow a high permeability and rapid absorption of drugs administered, especially when systemic effects are intended. However, several factors affect the nasal absorption such as the rapid mucociliary clearance, the enzymatic activity, the pH of the formulation or drug liposolubility. The nasal route allows local or systemic effects, has potential to target the central nervous system, enabling treatment of various disorders. The nasal mucosa is suitable for vaccine administration and is an important alternative to the parenteral route. Novel drug delivery systems are studied to deliver drugs through the nasal route, because these systems offer advantages such as sustained drug delivery, increase drug residence time in the nasal mucosa and increase the permeation through the nasal mucosa, increasing the bioavailability.
Tucunduva, Maria José Albuquerque Pereira de Sousa e. "Estudo imaginológico da anatomia da cavidade nasal e dos seios paranasais e suas variações por meio da tomografia computadorizada helicoidal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-09042009-121224/.
Full textThis study intends to present the exploratory analysis of tomography scans concerning the paranasal sinus, nasal cavity, and the possible anatomic variations that may be observed in these areas. The enlargement of anatomic structures during surgery may expose important elements to loss or injury. The ostiomeatal complex was observed, and the relation between its elements was described. This study of exploratory analysis was carried out in a convenience group, in which a total of 109 tomography scans were evaluated. A statistics description of the findings was made and the following anatomic variations were noted: septal deviation to the right (39,4%), septal deviation to the left (16,5%), S-shaped septal deviation (5,5%), presence of spur or ridge (9,2%), concha bullosa of the middle turbinate, with pneumatization of the basal lamella, bilaterally (2,8%), of the vertical lamella to the left (6,4%), of the vertical lamella to the right (3,7%), of the vertical lamella bilaterally (5,5%), pneumatization of the entire middle turbinate to the right (4,6%), to the left (7,3%), and bilaterally (11%), pneumatization of the superior turbinate to the right (1,8%) and bilaterally (5,5%), paradoxal curve of the middle turbinate to the left (6,4%), to the right (1,8%) and bilaterally (4,6%), paradoxal curve of the superior turbinate to the left (0,9%) and bilaterally (2,8%), hipoplasia of the frontal sinus (15,6%) and hipoplasia of the maxillary sinus (1,8%), pneumatization of the pterygoid process to the left side (10,1%), to the right side (0,9%) and bilaterally (27,5%), pneumatization of the anterior clinoid process to the left (3,7%) and bilaterally (9,2%), pneumatization of the posterior clinoid process to the left (0,9%) and bilaterally (1,8%). The nasal septum pneumatization was also observed (14,7%), to the hard palate (0,9%) and the uncinate process (6,4%). Nasal crest cell was observed (12,8%), infra orbital ethmoid cell (11%), supra-orbital ethmoid cells(0,9%), spheno-ethmoid cells (11,9%). Among the anatomic variations studied, septal deviation was the most constant, followed by pneumatization of the middle turbinate to which it showed correlation. The computerized tomography was considered the most accurate imaging method to study the nasal cavity and the paranasal sinus.
Oliveira, Ariane de Souza [UNESP]. "Avaliação das alterações volumétricas da cavidade nasal decorrentes da expansão rápida de maxila assistida cirurgicamente." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138574.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar as alterações volumétricas da cavidade nasal de pacientes diagnosticados com deficiência transversa de maxila submetidos à expansão rápida de maxila assistida cirurgicamente. Foram avaliadas tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico de 28 pacientes adultos (17 mulheres e 11 homens), em três períodos distintos, a saber: período pré-operatório imediato (T1), pós-operatório ao final da expansão (T2) e 6 meses após do término da expansão (T3), no qual as imagens, em formato DICOM, foram importadas e reconstruídas por meio do software On Demand 3D, que permitiu a reconstrução multiplanar da região de interesse de maneira padronizada. Para cada imagem do corte gerado, dois examinadores treinados delimitaram manualmente o espaço aéreo nasal, utilizando o software ImageJ. Com base no principio de Cavalieri, a soma de todas as áreas medidas em cada paciente/período foi utilizada para gerar o volume da estrutura avaliada, em milímetros cúbicos. Os dados obtidos foram verificados pelo teste ANOVA e teste de Tukey, com nível de significância de 5%. Concluiu-se que as expansões maxilares cirurgicamente assistida em adultos não promoveram alterações de volume da cavidade nasal.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the volumetric changes of the nasal cavity in patients with transverse maxillary deficiency after surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion. Cone beam tomographic images of 28 adult patients (17 women and 11 men) were evaluated. They were obtained after three different time periods: immediate preoperative period (T1), postoperative after completion of expansion (T2) and 6 months after expansion (T3). The DICOM images were imported and reconstructed through the On Demand 3D software, which allowed standardized multiplanar reconstruction of the interest region. For each image two examiners manually delimited the nasal air space, using the Image J software. Based on the Cavalieri principle, the summation of all measured areas in each patient/period was used to calculate of the volume in cubic millimeters. The data were analysed by the ANOVA and Tukey tests at 5% significance level. It was concluded that surgically assisted maxillary expansion in adults did not promote volume changes of the nasal cavity.
FAPESP: 2014/10239-3
Neves, Maura Catafesta das. "Eficácia da endoscopia nasal no diagnóstico da rinossinusite aguda em pacientes de terapia intensiva." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5143/tde-11122007-153704/.
Full textRhinosinusitis is a frequent cause of fever in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients. Diagnosis is sometimes delayed because of lack of clinical signs and it may lead to complications such as meningitis, pneumonia and sepsis. The severity of these complications requires active search for the sinusal infectious focus in the presence of fever of undetermined cause. Computed tomography scan is the gold standard for such investigation. However, studies have demonstrated the frequent occurrence of radiological rhinosinusitis with no correlation with sinusal infection. Nasal endoscopy is a method that enables the assessment of nasal cavities, specially the region of middle meatus and sphenoethmoid recess. This fact has transformed nasal endoscopy into a fundamental exam to assess patients with clinical suspicion of rhinosinusitis. The purpose of the present study was to assess the efficacy of nasal endoscopy as a diagnostic method for rhinosinusitis detection in ICU patients. From June 2003 to August 2006, thirty consecutive patients hospitalized in the ICU who presented clinical picture and tomography results suggestive of rhinosinusitis were submitted to nasal endoscopy. We included only patients with indication of surgical drainage as management option, which was the adopted diagnostic confirmation of rhinosinusitis. Endoscopy was performed before surgical drainage to assess the presence of edema and rhinorrhea in the middle meatus and sphenoethmoid recess. We used anesthesia and topical vasoconstriction of nasal fossa, middle meatus and sphenoethmoid recess before the endoscopic assessment. The results of nasal endoscopy did not interfere in the therapy prescribed to each patient, who was determined by the Intensivists of the Discipline of Clinical Emergency, together with the Otorhinolaryngologists of the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital das Clinicas, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo. Among the 30 patients with suspicion of rhinosinusitis included in the study, 21 presented diagnostic confirmation through surgical drainage. Computed tomography showed sensitivity of 97.3% and specificity of 16.2% for the diagnosis of rhinosinusitis. In the presence of edema, endoscopy showed sensitivity of 85% and specificity of 32%. In the diagnosis of rhinorrhea, sensitivity was 67.6% and specificity was 90.4%, and accuracy was 85%. We concluded that nasal endoscopy is an effective method for the diagnosis of rhinosinusitis in intensive care unit patients, especially in the presence of rhinorrhea.
Batista, Késia Cristina de Oliveira. "Colonização nasal de cirurgiões-dentistas em atividade docente por bactérias gram-negativas: interfaces com as medidas de prevenção e controle." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5998.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This was an epidemiological, cross-sectional analytical study, performed in a Higher Education Institution (HEI) of Goiás/Brazil, with data collection from July to October 2014. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and biological material collection (nasal swab). The level of nasal cavity colonization of DS teachers by Enterobacteriaceae was considered high (22.0%), with 14.6% of professionals being colonized by multiresistant microorganisms. These results were associated with inadequate personal habits and provide evidence for broadening the discussion of this issue among DS and directing strategies for controlling the biological risk for dentistry workers.
Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, transversal e analítico, realizado em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) de Goiás/Brasil, com coleta dos dados de julho a outubro de 2014. Os dados foram obtidos mediante aplicação de questionário estruturado e coleta de material biológico (swab nasal). A colonização da cavidade nasal dos CD docentes por Enterobacteriaceae foi considerada elevada (22,0%), sendo que 14,6% dos profissionais estavam colonizados por micro-organismos multirresistentes. Os resultados encontrados foram associados a hábitos pessoais inadequados e oferecem evidências para ampliar a discussão desta temática entre CD e direcionar estratégias para o controle do risco biológico aos trabalhadores em odontologia.
Nather, Stephanie. "Die Anwendung der Akustischen Rhinometrie beim Hund in der klinischen Veterinärmedizin." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-144038.
Full textMedeiros, Josà Romulo de. "A DisjunÃÃo Pterigomaxilar em ExpansÃo RÃpida de Maxila Assistida Cirurgicamente influencia no volume das vias aÃreas superiores? Um estudo prospectivo usando Dolphin Imaging 3D." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15327.
Full textA atresia transversa maxilar representa um achado comum em pacientes com deformidades dentofaciais e, nesses casos, tem-se utilizado a expansÃo rÃpida de maxila assistida cirurgicamente (ERMAC) como opÃÃo de tratamento. O presente estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito da ERMAC (com ou sem disjunÃÃo pterigomaxilar [DP]) sobre o volume das vias aÃreas superiores. Foi realizado um estudo prospectivo com indivÃduos adultos portadores de deficiÃncia esquelÃtica maxilar transversa submetidos à ERMAC. Os pacientes foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos: sem DP (−DP); com DP (+DP). Onze pacientes por grupo foram estimados para se obter uma amostra significativa (poder de 90% e nÃvel de confianÃa de 95%). Imagens volumÃtricas de tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cÃnico foram obtidas prÃ-operatoriamente (T1), imediatamente apÃs o travamento do dispositivo expansor (T2) e seis meses apÃs o travamento do dispositivo expansor (T3). Por meio do programa Dolphin Imaging 3D, foram obtidas as medidas volumÃtricas da cavidade nasal (VCN), seios maxilares (VSM), nasofaringe (VNF), orofaringe (VOF), bem como foi obtida a Ãrea de secÃÃo transversa da orofaringe (MASTO). Todas as anÃlises estatÃsticas consideraram um valor significativo de p<0,05. Um total de 322 indivÃduos foram avaliados, 25 indivÃduos com idade entre 17 e 49 anos compuseram a amostra (grupo −DP, n=12; grupo +DP, n=13). No grupo +DP, houve aumento significativo durante o perÃodo T2 para o VNF (p=0.003), VOF (p=0.007), e MASTO (p=0.001). NÃo houve diferenÃa estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos (p<0,05), entretanto, a realizaÃÃo da DP resultou em um aumento significante de medidas volumÃtricas da nasofaringe e da MASTO, apÃs seis meses do travamento do dispositivo expansor.
The transverse maxillary atresia is a common finding in patients with dentofacial deformities and, in such cases, the surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) has been used as a treatment option. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the SARME (with or without pterigomaxilar disjunction [PD]) on the upper airway volume. A prospective study with adult individuals affected by transverse maxillary skeletal deficiency undergoing SARME was performed. The patients were randomly divided into two groups: without PD (−PD); with PD (+PD). Eleven patients per group were estimated to obtain a representative sample (90% of power and a 95% of confidence level). Volumetric images of cone beam computed tomographies were obtained preoperatively (T1), immediately after expander device stabilization (T2) and 6 months after expander device stabilization (T3). Volumetric measurements of the nasal cavity (NCV), maxillary sinuses (MSV), nasopharynx (NFV), oropharynx (OV) and the oropharynx cross-sectional area (OCSA) were obtained using the Dolphin 3D Imaging Software. All statistical analyzes considered a significant value of p <0.05. A total of 322 subjects were evaluated, 25 individuals aged 17 to 49 comprised the sample (DP group, n = 12; group  SD, n = 13). In the group +PD there was a statistically significant increase during the T2 period for the NFV (p=0.003), OV (p=0.007) and OCSA (p=0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between groups (p <0.05), however, the realization of PD resulted in a significant increase of volumetric measurements of the nasopharynx and MASTO after 6 months of the expander device locking.
Huang, Robin. "Statistical Shape Modelling and Segmentation of the Respiratory Airway." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16365.
Full textYerich, Andrew J. "Development of an Artificial Nose for the Study of Nanomaterials Deposition in Nasal Olfactory Region." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami151187266403964.
Full textCastilho, Ricardo Leão. "Efeitos da expansão rápida da maxila sobre as dimensões internas nasais de crianças com fissura labiopalatina bilateral: avaliação por rinometria acústica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/61/61132/tde-19042013-154819/.
Full textObjective: In patients with cleft lip and palate, the segmentation of the alveolar arch leads to a transverse maxillary deficiency, treated by rapid maxillary expansion (RME), which promotes increase of transverse dimension of the upper dental arch by orthodontic appliances. Considering that previous study of the Laboratory of Physiology, HRAC-USP (Trindade et al 2010) demonstrated that RME causes significant increase of the internal nasal dimensions in children with unilateral cleft lip and palate, this study aimed at characterizing the internal nasal geometry of children with bilateral cleft lip and palate and transverse maxillary deficiency by means of acoustic rhinometry, and at analyzing the variations caused by RME. Material and Methods: Fifteen children of both genders, aged 8 to 15 years, previously submitted to primary plastic surgeries and with indication for RME, were analyzed prospectively. Patients underwent acoustic rhinometry before installing the expander and after the active phase of expansion (30 to 270 days postoperatively). Cross-sectional areas (CSA) and volumes (V) of the nasal valve region (AST1 and V1) and turbinates (AST2, AST3 and V2), were measured before and after nasal decongestion. Values obtained after nasal decongestion were considered for analysis purposes. Results: In most of the patients, an increase of internal nasal dimensions was observed, and the mean percentage variations of AST1, AST2, AST3, V1 and V2 were: +25% +11% +9% +20%, and +12%, respectively. Differences were significant for all variables, except AST3. Conclusion: The findings show that RME promotes an increase on internal nasal dimensions of children with bilateral clefts, comparatively higher than that observed in children with unilateral clefts, suggesting that RME is capable of substantially improve nasal patency in this population.
Gallarreta, Fernanda Weber de Morais. "Efeito da expansão rápida da maxila sobre a nasofaringe e o volume nasal: avaliação por ressonância magnética e rinometria acústica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17151/tde-10022011-200557/.
Full textPosterior crossbite is a malocclusion often found in mouth breathers and rapid maxillary expansion is the orthodontic/orthopedic procedure most used for its correction. The aim of this study was to assess the area of the nasopharynx by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the volume of nasal cavity by acoustic rhinometry before and after rapid maxillary expansion; and to verify if the area of the nasopharynx can be assessed with greater reliability by MRI than by the methods described in the literature. The sample was formed by thirty selected children with buccal and/or mixed breathing, of both sex, aged between 07 and 10 years, in mixed dentition phase, with unilateral or bilateral posterior crossbite, involving canine and molars deciduous and permanent first molars, without any type of orthodontic or otolaryngology treatment. The rhinology exams, magnetic resonance imaging and orthodontic records were undertaken before the expansion and 180 days after it. The results showed that after the rapid maxillary expansion there was a statistically significant increase both in the area of the nasopharynx and in the nasal volume; a positive correlation was found between the areas of nasopharynx evaluated before and after the rapid maxillary expansion, nevertheless there was no correlation between the area and the nasal volume. It can be concluded that rapid maxillary expansion can promote changes in both nasopharynx and nasal volume in patients with buccal and/or mixed breathing and MRI need not to be the method of choice to evaluate the area of the nasopharynx.
Bourke, Jason Michael. "Implications of Airflow Dynamics and Soft-Tissue Reconstructions for the Heat Exchange Potential of Dinosaur Nasal Passages." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1448453168.
Full textCalmet, Hadrien. "Large-scale CFD and micro-particles simulations in a large human airways under sniff condition and drug delivery application." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670232.
Full textEn una inhalación, el aire que atraviesa nuestra cavidad nasal es sometido a una serie de aceleraciones y deceleraciones al producirse un giros, bifurcaciones y recombinarse de nuevo antes de volver a dividirse de nuevo a la altura de la tráquea en la entrada a los bronquios principales. La descripción precisa y acurada del comportamiento dinámico de este fluido así como el transporte de partículas inhalada que entran con el mismo a través de una simulación computacional supone un gran desafío. La dinámica del fluido en las vías respiratorias durante una inhalación rápida y corta (también llamado sniff) es un ejemplo perfecto de lo que sería probablemente la inhalación en el ser humano más compleja y violenta. Combinando la solución del fluido con un modelo lagrangiano revela el comportamiento del flujo y el effecto de la geometría de las vías respiratorias sobre la deposición de micropartículas inhaladas. La dinámica de fluidos computacional a gran escala de alta precisión permite resolver todas las escalas espaciales y temporales gracias al uso de recursos computacionales masivos. Un código de elementos finitos paralelos que se ejecuta en supercomputadoras puede resolver las ecuaciones transitorias e incompresibles de Navier-Stokes. Considerando que la malla más fina contiene 350 millones de elementos, cabe señalar que el presente estudio establece un precedente para simulaciones a gran escala de las vías respiratorias, proponiendo una estrategia de análisis para flujo medio, fluctuaciones, tensiones de corte de pared, espectro de energía y deposición de partículas en el contexto de una inhalación rápida y corta. Una vez realizado el analisis anterior, propondremos un estudio de administración de fármacos con un spray nasal en una cavidad nasal humana bajo diferentes condiciones de inhalación; sniff, caudal constante y respiración sostenida. Las partículas se introdujeron en el fluido con condiciones iniciales de pulverización, incluido el ángulo del cono de pulverización, el ángulo de inserción y la velocidad inicial. El diseño del atomizador del spray nasal determina las condiciones de partículas, entonces se utilizaron quince distribuciones de tamaño de partícula, cada uno definido por una distribución logarítmica normal con una media de volumen diferente. Esta tesis demuestra el potencial de las simulaciones a gran escala para una mejor comprensión de los mecanismos fisiológicos de las vías respiratorias. Gracias a estas herramientas se podrá mejorar el diagnóstico y sus respectivos tratamientos ya que con ellas se profundizará en la comprensión del flujo que recorre las vías aereas así como el transporte de aerosoles terapéuticos.
Truilhé, Yves. "Rhinométrie acoustique et confort nasal : étude prospective sur 102 cas." Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR23001.
Full textHörnberg, Maria. "Effects of retinoic acid in the mouse olfactory sensory systems /." Umeå : Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1371.
Full textGregio, Fabiana Nogueira. "Configuração do trato vocal supraglótico na produção das vogais do português brasileiro: dados de imagens de ressonância magnética." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/13780.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
To characterize the supraglottic vocal tract shaping in the production of the seven oral and five nasal vowels of brazilian portuguese from the articulatory point of view by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: The subject of this study, one female native speaker of brazilian portuguese, had no previous alterations of speech, language or of neurological and auditory systems and with neither dental nor articulator alterations. The magnetic resonance images, collected during the production of the vowels sustained by the speaker, were analyzed for articulatory characterization. The results were considered according to articulatory and acoustic data researched in the related literature. Results and discussion: The nasal vowels, unlike the oral ones, presented three different moments, which are characterized by changes in the position of the articulators during their production; while the oral vowels presented only one moment/phase. The oral vowels, when compared to the nasal, maintained similar characteristics, being articulatorily classified by the position of their tongue-surface (both vertically and horizontally), by the opening of the oral cavity, by the rounding of the lips and by the position of the soft palate. The vowels that presented the greater differences, when compared to their oral and nasal counterparts, were [a]-[ã], [o]-[õ] and [u]-[uâ]. Production of nasal vowels took a longer time than their oral counterparts yielding a larger number of frames captured. Conclusion: Data obtained by means of MRI has allowed the analysis of the movements of the articulators during the production of the vowels contributing to: increasing the knowledge of brazilian portuguese vowels production mechanisms; characterizing the brazilian portuguese vowels inventory; providing insights to the evaluation and rehabilitation of speech disorders
Caracterizar a configuração do trato vocal supraglótico na produção das sete vogais orais e cinco nasais do português brasileiro do ponto de vista articulatório por meio de imagens de ressonância magnética (IRM). Métodos: Atuou como sujeito da pesquisa, um falante do gênero feminino nativo do português brasileiro, com histórico negativo para alterações de fala, linguagem e dos sistemas neurológico e auditivo e ausência de alterações dentárias e de articuladores. As imagens de ressonância magnética, coletadas durante a produção das vogais sustentadas pelo falante, foram analisadas para caracterização articulatória. Os resultados foram considerados em relação aos dados articulatórios e acústicos pesquisados na literatura. Resultados e discussão: As vogais nasais, ao contrário das orais, apresentaram três momentos distintos, caracterizados por mudanças no posicionamento dos articuladores durante sua emissão; enquanto que as vogais orais apresentaram apenas um momento/fase. As vogais orais, quando comparadas com as nasais, mantiveram características semelhantes, sendo classificadas articulatoriamente pelo posicionamento do dorso de língua (no sentido vertical e horizontal), pela abertura da cavidade oral, pelo arredondamento labial e pelo posicionamento do palato mole. As vogais que apresentaram maior modificação, quando comparadas entre suas correspondentes oral e nasal, foram [a]-[ã], [o]-[õ] e [u]-[uâ]. As vogais nasais revelaram um tempo maior que suas correspondentes orais obtendo um maior número de quadros capturados. Conclusão: Os dados obtidos por meio de IRM permitiram analisar os movimentos dos articuladores durante a produção das vogais contribuindo para: ampliação do conhecimento dos mecanismos de produção das vogais do português brasileiro; caracterização do inventário de vogais do português brasileiro; e reflexões na avaliação e reabilitação das alterações de fala
Paiva, Bernardo Lembo Conde de. "Novo método de hipotermia encefálica exclusiva através de resfriamento nasofaríngeo: modelo experimental em suínos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5138/tde-09022015-090243/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Relevant evidences for the use of therapeutic hypothermia derive from studies using whole body cooling methods. These methods can lead to serious complications. To avoid such complications, selective brain cooling methods were developed. The objective of this study was: 1) to verify the feasibility of exclusive brain hypothermia by means of nasopharyngeal cooling along with measures of systemic temperature preservation in an experimental swine model, and 2) to investigate the influence of the exclusive brain cooling on cerebral and systemic hemodynamics as well as on cerebral oxygenation. METHODS: Ten hybrid swine underwent nasopharyngeal cooling for 60 minutes, followed by spontaneous rewarming. A number of physiological variables were monitored: arterial blood pressure, cardiac output, temperature in the right and left cerebral hemispheres, pressure of brain tissue O2, cerebral blood flow velocities, resistance index, and pulsatility index. RESULTS: Nasopharyngeal cooling was associated with decrease in brain temperature, which was more significant in the left cerebral hemisphere (p < 0,01). There was a reduction of 1.47 ± 0.86°C in the first 5 minutes (p < 0.01), 2.45 ± 1.03°C within 10 min, and 4.45 ± 1.36°C after 1 hour (p < 0.01). The brain-core gradient was 4.57 ± 0.87°C (p < 0,001). Rectal, esophageal, and pulmonary artery temperatures, as well as brain and systemic hemodynamics, remained stable during the procedure. PbtO2 values significantly decreased following the brain cooling. CONCLUSION: Achievement of exclusive brain hypothermia is feasible by means of nasopharyngeal cooling associated with measures of systemic temperature preservation. Selective brain cooling does not influence both systemic and cerebral hemodynamics, except PbtO2, which decreased significantly