Journal articles on the topic 'Nasa people'
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Wilkinson, Mary E. "News from the Net: November 2001." Teaching Children Mathematics 8, no. 3 (November 2001): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/tcm.8.3.0166.
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Visit NASA online to find out about its videotape series, called NASA Connect, that began last year. Each program year offers seven 30- minute, fast-paced, entertaining videotapes that were filmed at various space centers and show how mathematics is used every day by NASA scientists and engineers. The shows are hosted by two young people and include spots by celebrity guests whom students will recognize.
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SIMPSON, ANDREW T., CHARLES R. DOARN, and STEPHEN J. GARBER. "Interagency Cooperation in the Twilight of the Great Society: Telemedicine, NASA, and the Papago Nation." Journal of Policy History 32, no. 1 (January 2020): 25–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030619000265.
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Abstract:NASA has put people in unique and extreme environments for over six decades. Supporting these individuals with a comprehensive health-care system has evolved over this period. As the Apollo program ended and NASA began to contemplate a space shuttle and space station program, societal pressures in the late 1960s and early 1970s caused federal agencies such as NASA to reconsider how to link the needs of the space program with a growing pressure to address societal needs by forging interagency partnerships. The Space Technology Applied to the Rural Papago Health Care (STARPAHC) project provides an example of how NASA sought to balance these two imperatives in an age of diminishing federal support. This project can provide lessons for today’s uncertain budgetary future for agencies such as NASA, which are once again being asked to find creative and innovative ways to support their missions while demonstrating their larger value to society.
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Witze, Alexandra. "Can NASA really return people to the Moon by 2024?" Nature 571, no. 7764 (July 2019): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-019-02020-w.
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Tumbo García, Berta Lucy. "La recuperación nutricional de niños y niñas menores de cinco años indígenas nasa del territorio de Caldono, Cauca. The nutritional recovery of indigenous nasa children under five age of the territory of Caldono, Cauca." Psicoespacios 9, no. 14 (June 26, 2015): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.25057/21452776.345.
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The nutritional recovery of indigenous nasa children under five age of the territory of Caldono, Cauca.Nasa luuҫx le’ҫxkwesatx pa’yatx ҫxhaҫxcha ijpehnxi yuwe. Resumen A pesar del reconocimiento de los derechos de los pueblos indígenas en Colombia, a los niños y niñas indígenas del grupo étnico Nasa se les sigue vulnerando derechos fundamentales como la nutrición, esta situación ha llevado a que se presenten continuos casos de desnutrición, que se vienen atendiendo bajos directrices nacionales que no reconocen, ni respetan la diversidad étnica y cultural. Este articulo presenta resultados de una investigación etnográfica con familias y sabedores tradicionales del pueblo Nasa de los resguardos de Caldono, que con el método inductivo y la utilización de técnicas como la entrevista y construcción de relatos se lograron identificar los factores socioculturales que inciden en los procesos de recuperación de niños y niñas indígenas; los cuales no se están teniendo en cuenta al momento de abordar la intervención con estrategias nutricionales del Estado. Palabras claves: Nutrición, cultura, niños, intervención, familia. Abstract Despite the recognition of the rights of indigenous peoples in Colombia, children and girls indigenous ethnic group Nasa is still violating them fundamental rights such as nutrition, this situation has led to continuous cases of malnutrition, which are are attending national guidelines bass that do not recognize or respect the ethnic and cultural diversity that arise. This article presents the results of an ethnographic research with families and knowing the Nasa people of guards of Caldono, than traditional with the inductive method and the use of techniques such as interview and stories were achieved identify socio-cultural factors influencing the processes of recovery of indigenous children; which is not are taken into account when dealing with nutritional strategies of State intervention Keywords: Nutrition, culture, children, intervention, family. Yuwe kaaja’nxi Wagaswe’sx ûste eҫ nejwe’sxyu’ wala zxiҫxkwe we’wena ûsa’ luuҫx le’ҫxtxis peygahn nwe’wna puuҫna wẽtwêth fxi’zewajas nawa pagaҫxyuhwa txtey txtey nxu’ҫmeta’ txaa pa’ga nasa wala fxi’zenxisu thegna u’jete wala pxtha wên, âҫan uun ҫxa fxizen uhn ûsta. naa yuwesa’ uswa’l ҫxhabsu the’sawe’sxtxi txaw zxiҫxkwe, paapejxna, ksxabuҫxa twêejin, atxahn, kajiyu’n skhew txaapagathaw naa yuwes ew âte nvxitu’. Ta’sx nxisame yuwe: U’kanxisxisa, nasa uus, luucx, ptxhidenxi, nwe’sx.
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Soares, Lidia Santos, Yamê Regina Alves, Marcela De breu Moniz, Danielle Busquet De Sousa, and Jilianne De Lima Sales. "Lifestyle and health risks to adolescents and young people / Estilo de vida e riscos à saúde de adolescentes e jovens." Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental Online 11, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2019.v11i4.1025-1030.
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Objetivo: Descrever as condições do estilo de vida e riscos à saúde de um grupo de adolescentes e jovens participantes de um Núcleo de Atenção à Saúde do Adolescente (NASA). Métodos: Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa realizado com 13 adolescentes e jovens cadastrados no NASA de um município da Baixada Litorânea do estado do Rio de Janeiro, por meio de questionários padronizados autoaplicáveis. Resultados: Foram identificados hábitos alimentares inadequados; precocidade das relações sexuais e uso irregular de preservativo; ausência de atividade física e situações constrangedoras vivenciadas na escola. Conclusão: O estudo aponta situações de riscos à saúde que demandam estratégias preventivas, sobretudo de promoção da saúde. Faz-se necessário a implementação de ações intersetoriais locais voltadas para a redução de vulnerabilidades com ênfase nos eixos temáticas de alimentação, sexualidade, atividade física, prevenção da violência e cultura da paz.
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Martínez Guaca, Wilson, and Dianny Guerrero Montilla. "Los caminos del buen vivir." Revista Lumen Gentium 3, no. 2 (October 20, 2020): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.52525/lg.v3n2a4.
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El presente artículo sobre el buen vivir, que se ha convertido en un paradigma de los pueblos originarios que ofrece una salida al desarrollismo racional, hace un recorrido por la visión general del concepto, se detiene en las concepciones indígenas de Bolivia con énfasis en los aymara y los quechuas, de Ecuador con el pueblo kichwa y los pueblos amazónicos, de Paraguay con el pueblo guaraní y de Colombia con el pueblo nasa.
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The present article about Buen vivir (good living), which has become a paradigm of the original people as a way out of rational developmentalism, takes a tour through the general vision of the concept, stopping in the indigenous conceptions of Bolivia with the Aymara and the Quechuas, from Ecuador with the Kichwa and the Amazonian people, from Paraguay with the Guaraní people and from Colombia with the Nasa people. It afterwards extends in postures such as those of the pluriverse and the cosmo-community, and in general of the anti-systemic and ecological social movements, to arrive at an approach from political culture found in Ecuador and Bolivia constitutions to its maximum expression, and in several studies that propose it as the exit to visions of development, progress and the capitalist world system, as well as a different political option to capitalism and socialism.
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Holland, Travis. "“My battery is low and it's getting dark”." Persona Studies 7, no. 1 (December 17, 2021): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/psj2021vol7no1art1465.
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The Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity operated on Mars from 2004 until it was disabled by a dust storm in 2018. Its demise was declared in February 2019 after months of unsuccessful recontact attempts by scientists at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). This announcement sparked a global outpouring of grief that demonstrated people understood and related to the robot in a notably human-like manner. In short, it had been given a collectively understood persona. This paper presents a study of 100 digital postcards created by users on a NASA website that demonstrate the ways in which people expressed love, grief, hope, and thanks for Opportunity’s fourteen years of operation on another planet. In presenting this case study, the paper argues that certain personas are collective achievements. This is especially likely to occur for robots and other inanimate objects which have no centrally controlled or developed persona. The paper is situated within existing persona studies literature to extend and stretch the definition of persona studies and therefore expand the field in productive ways to incorporate the study of non-human personas.
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Safitri, Arini. "Pemetaan dan Rancangan Intervensi Untuk Beban Kerja Mental Overload pada Dosen IAIN Palangka Raya." Irsyad : Jurnal Bimbingan, Penyuluhan, Konseling, dan Psikoterapi Islam 8, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/irsyad.v8i3.2043.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemetaan dan rancangan intervensi untuk beban kerja mental overload pada Dosen IAIN Palangka Raya. Jumlah subjek pada penelitian ini adalah 31 orang yang terdiri dari Dosen PNS dan Non PNS yang memiliki beban kerja dalam melaksanakan Tri Dharma Perguruan Tinggi minimal dalam satu Tahun Ajaran terakhir (Ganjil 2018/2019 atau Genap 2018/2019) lebih dari 16 Satuan Kredit Semester. Pengukuran beban kerja secara mental atau psikologis dapat diukur salah satunya dengan metode NASA-TLX. Metode NASA-TLX ialah suatu alat ukur yang digunakan dalam mengukur beban kerja mental secara subjektif. Hasil pemetaan beban kerja mental yaitu didapatkan skor rata-rata beban kerja mental sebesar 82 (delapan puluh dua) yang berada pada kategori berat.
This study aims to determine the mapping and intervention design for mental overload workloads at IAIN Palangka Raya lecturers. The number of subjects in this study was 31 people consisting of PNS and Non-PNS lecturers who had a workload in implementing the Tri Dharma of Higher Education in the last one academic year (Odd 2018/2019 or Even 2018/2019) more than 16 Semester Credit Units. One of the mental or psychological measurements of workload is the NASA-TLX method. A NASA-TLX method is a measuring tool used in measuring mental workload subjectively. The mental workload mapping result is that the mental workload average score is 82 (eighty-two), which is in the heavy category.
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Jansen, Ralph H., Cheryl L. Bowman, Sean Clarke, David Avanesian, Paula J. Dempsey, and Rodger W. Dyson. "NASA electrified aircraft propulsion efforts." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 92, no. 5 (December 6, 2019): 667–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-05-2019-0098.
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Purpose This paper aims to review national aeronautics and space administration (NASA’s) broad investments in electrified aircraft propulsion (EAP). NASA investments are guided by an assessment of potential market impacts, technical key performance parameters, and technology readiness attained through a combination of studies, enabling fundamental research and flight research. Design/methodology/approach The impact of EAP varies by market and NASA is considering three markets as follows: national/international, on-demand mobility and short-haul regional air transport. Technical advances in key areas have been made that indicate EAP is a viable technology. Flight research is underway to demonstrate integrated solutions and inform standards and certification processes. Findings A key finding is that sufficient technical advances in key areas have been made, which indicate EAP is a viable technology for aircraft. Significant progress has been made to reduce EAP adoption barriers and further work is needed to transition the technology to a commercial product and improve the technology, so it is applicable to large transonic aircraft. Practical implications Significant progress has been made to reduce EAP adoption barriers and further work is needed to transition the technology to a commercial product and improve the technology, so it is applicable to large transonic aircraft. Originality/value This paper will review the activities of the hybrid gas-electric subproject of the Advanced Air Transport Technology Project, the Revolutionary Vertical Lift Technology Project and the X-57 Flight Demonstration Project, and discuss the potential EAP benefits for commercial and military applications. This paper focuses on the vehicle-related activities, however, there are related NASA activities in air space management and vehicle autonomy activities, as well as a breakthrough technology project called the Convergent Aeronautics Solutions Project. The target audience is people interested in EAP.
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Kartomi, Margaret J. "Is Maluku Still Musicological terra incognita? An Overview of the Music-Cultures of the Province of Maluku." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 25, no. 1 (March 1994): 141–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463400006718.
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The province of Maluku, otherwise known as the Moluccas, is divided into three main regions: the predominantly Muslim north, the mainly Christian central area, and the predominantly Christian southeast (see Map 1). The central region contains the “mother island” (nasa ina) of Seram which Maluku people believe to be the original source of Maluku culture. In some relatively isolated parts of this large island the original inhabitants such as the Nuaulu and the Huaulu ethnic groups (known in colonial times as the Alifuru people) still practise their ancestral rituals including music and dance.
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Pham, Manh-Hai, Vu Minh Phap, Nguyen Ngoc Trung, Tran Thanh Son, Duong Trung Kien, and Vu Thi Anh Anh Tho. "A Study on the Impact of Various Meteorological Data on the Design Performance of Rooftop Solar Power Projects in Vietnam: A Case Study of Electric Power University." Energies 15, no. 19 (September 28, 2022): 7149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197149.
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People are increasingly using clean energy sources, contributing to environmental protection according to the general trend of the world. In the form of renewable energy, solar energy has contributed to solving current pressing problems, such as environmental pollution and air pollution, improving people’s quality of life. The design of solar power projects in Vietnam is mainly based on meteorological data sources from Meteonorm and NASA. However, the accuracy assessment of two data sources compared to the actual solar power data in Vietnam is not available, so there is no basis to determine better meteorological data source quality to serve the design of rooftop solar power projects. The content of this paper analyzes the simulation results of a typical rooftop solar power station at the Electric Power University, Hanoi city based on meteorological data sources from Meteonorm and NASA. After that, the simulation results will be compared with the actual operating data of a rooftop solar power station near the Electric Power University and other real PV systems in the world. The study results showed that the amount of electricity production using the Meteonorm meteorological data was closer to the actual data than the NASA data source. Therefore, solar power projects in Vietnam should use Meteonorm data source for the design process to determine the best economic and technical efficiency for investors.
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Nino, Valentina, Frank Marchak, and David Claudio. "Association Between Perceived Workload and Adverse Body Posture." Proceedings of the International Symposium on Human Factors and Ergonomics in Health Care 8, no. 1 (September 2019): 182–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2327857919081046.
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Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) can be a result of complex interactions between physical, psychosocial, biological, and individual characteristics. However, the evidence on specific associations is still inconclusive. A previous study conducted at a Sterile Processing Department (SPD) in a local hospital established an association between perceived job demands and adverse body postures. However, causal inferences were not possible to establish given the study design. Consequently, the objective of this study was to determine if perception of mental workload causes workers to use more risky body postures. Objective and subjective assessment tools (REBA and NASA-TLX scores) were used as indicators of body postures and mental workload. The findings indicated that there is a positive relationship between the perception of workload (NASA-TLX scores) and adverse body postures (REBA scores) suggesting that people tend to adopt more awkward postures when they feel they are in a rush condition or they have more things to do
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Castro Bermúdez, Adriana Carolina, and Román Francisco Téllez Navarro. "EXPLORANDO EL ORIGEN DE NUESTROS ANCESTROS: EL NACIMIENTO DEL PUEBLO NASA: LA HISTORIA DE UN GENOCIDIO." Revista Republicana 24 (January 15, 2018): 181–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.21017/rev.repub.2018.v24.a46.
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Gupta, Simran, and Birinderjit Singh Kalyan. "Feasibility of Solar Power Plant in Kathua District, J&K." Indian Journal of Energy and Energy Resources 1, no. 3 (May 30, 2022): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.54105/ijeer.c1002.051322.
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As the non-renewable sources of energy are depleting day by day, the world is turning towards renewable sources like solar, wind, hydro for fulfilling their power requirement. Solar is one of the major sources of renewable energy which is used for electricity generation in India and its installed capacity has been increased from 2.6 GW to more than 42 GW in the last 7 years and India also acquired 5th position in solar power deployment. Solar power can be harnessed in India using proper techniques providing huge scalability and it also has capability of power generation on distributed basis which helps in additional capacity with short lead times. Jammu and Kashmir has vast amount of solar potential and government is also taking some steps to maximize the use of renewable resources than non- renewable resources in UT but people are still unaware of how to use these renewable resources efficiently. In this paper, the feasibility study of solar power plant installation in Kathua, Jammu and Kashmir has been carried out using NASA LARC so that in future maximum number of solar power plants can be installed in Jammu and Kashmir and people can rely on renewable sources. The solar irradiance parameter has been used for assessing the feasibility of this area and the data is collected with the help of NASA LARC website.
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Yoo, Sunbin, and Shunsuke Managi. "Lockdowns Save People from Air Pollution: Evidence from Daily Global Tropospheric NO2 Satellite Data." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (October 25, 2021): 11777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132111777.
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Motivated by the global fear of the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) pandemic, we investigated whether lockdowns save people from air pollution, notably from Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2). Using daily satellite data from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), we first found that the global NO2 tropospheric vertical column density (TVCD) decreased by 16.5% after the Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) outbreak. Then, we calculated the global health benefits, as the monetized value of life, using the value of a statistical life (VSL). The total global health benefits were approximately 8.73 trillion USD, accounting for 10% of the global GDP; such benefits would be the largest in China, followed by the United States, Japan and Germany. Our results suggest that lockdowns may bring benefits to countries that policy interventions cannot easily bring, thus highlighting the importance of social distancing.
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Febriani, Jeany Jean, and Tomi Arianto. "Racism towards African American Women in “Hidden Figures”." Linguists : Journal Of Linguistics and Language Teaching 6, no. 1 (July 13, 2020): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29300/ling.v6i1.2857.
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Racism is issue that still going on in the world. Different race and skin color make some people believe that they have more privilege than others. The issue of racism can be seen from Hidden Figures movie that was addapted from the book with the same title. Hidden Figures by Theodore Melfi is a story about racism towards African American women who worked in NASA during the space race in 1960. In this research, the researcher takes three main characters named Katherine, Dorothy and Merry who get discrimination in their life because they have different race and skin color as a source. Qualitative descriptive method is the method that was used in this research. The tehcnique of collecting data is by watching the movie and reading the book then collect the utterances and dialogue that have racism issue. The aim of this research is to find out racism in what field that happened in America during 1960 espesially in NASA through Hidden Figures. The result of this analysis found that the racism reflected trough discrimination in education, facility, social, and work.
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Puspita, Maya, and Muhammad Iqbal Ramdhani. "Black Voice Portrayed in The Movie of The Hidden Figures by Theodore Melfi." ENGLISH FRANCA : Academic Journal of English Language and Education 6, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/ef.v6i2.5233.
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The film Hidden Figures is based on the actual tale of three African-American women who work at NASA on space rocket launches. Katherine G. Johnson, Mary Jackson, and Dorothy Vaughan are the three African-American women. With the backdrop of the 1960s, these three women face the discrimination (differences in race or skin color) in their workplace at NASA. This study aims to explore the theory of black feminism from Patricia Hill Collins and integrate it with the Self Defenses Mechanism theory from Sigmund Freud about how they faced problems at that time. This research using a qualitative descriptive approach. This study finds black feminism in the film Hidden Figures in the form of discrimination experienced by these characters in the form of gender, race and class. However, the resistance carried out by these characters is through Aggression, namely expressing anger, Apathetic, namely by withdrawing not to enter into a problem, Isolation, namely respecting something that causes frustration, and finally, Introjection, which is taking the positive side of other people.
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Hendrix, Barry, Saralyn Dwyer, and Dave West. "Model-Based System Engineering and Software System Safety Workshop." Journal of System Safety 53, no. 3 (December 1, 2017): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i3.110.
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The G-48 System Safety Committee sponsored a Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) and Software System Safety (SSS) workshop, hosted by A-P-T Research, Inc. (APT) in Huntsville, Alabama, on May 2-3, 2017. The idea of this workshop evolved at the 34th International System Safety Conference (ISSC) in Orlando, Florida, during presentations and a paper by Barry Hendrix, which noted that the MBSE needs to include more system safety and software system safety processes. An action recorded under urgent-need topics by International System Safety Society (ISSS) Fellow Dave West at the G-48 meeting in Orlando resulted in volunteers to host and coordinate the workshop.
The MBSE SSS workshop consisted of a panel of seven subject matter experts. Approximately 40 attendees were present and more than 70 people viewed the workshop via a NASA live video streaming feed. The MBSE SSS panel consisted of Barry Hendrix, APT; Dr. Fayssal Safie, APT; Dr. Donna Havrisik, Government Agency System Engineering; Josh McNeil, AMRDEC Software Engineering Directorate (SED); David Arterburn, University of Alabama Huntsville; Joe Hale, NASA; and Paul Gill, NASA. Many attendees were from local Redstone Arsenal agencies, such as AMCOM, PEO Missiles & Space, and the Missile Defense Agency. Several contractors from companies within Cummings Research Park also attended. Special out-of-town guests included Peggy Rogers, U.S. Navy Software System Safety Technical Review Panel (SSTRP); Bob McAlister, U.S. Air Force; and Lynece Pfledderer, Lockheed Martin (LM), along with five other LM attendees from Texas, Florida and Connecticut.
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Farfán, Juan Camilo Calderón, Sergio Cristancho Marulanda, Isabel Cristina Posada Zapata, and Simón Evelio Pacho Cainas. "Community Perspectives About Sociocultural Conditions Associated With Children's Health Among the Nasa People in Colombia." Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action 12, no. 3 (2018): 241–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cpr.2018.0047.
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Farfán, Juan Camilo Calderón, Sergio Cristancho Marulanda, Isabel Cristina Posada Zapata, and Simón Evelio Pacho Cainas. "Community Perspectives About Sociocultural Conditions Associated With Children's Health Among the Nasa People in Colombia." Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action 12, no. 3 (2018): 279–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cpr.2018.0052.
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Castelblanco Pérez, Stefania. "Craft as resistance: A case study of three Indigenous craft traditions." Craft Research 13, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 387–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/crre_00085_1.
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In this article, I aim to explore the role that craft has played in terms of social resistance for three native peoples: the Iku and Nasa peoples in Colombia and the Sámi people in Sweden. The methodology is based on ethnography. Interviews were performed with Indigenous makers and experts with the objective to understand Indigenous craft and social processes. Inspirations, techniques and materials involved in the Indigenous craft traditions and their relation to social resistance were studied. Social resistance of a political, ecological and cultural nature manifests itself in craft practices, in terms of materiality and implicit meaning. The article includes a brief of the analysed Indigenous communities and the rationale behind the author’s wish to learn from their craft traditions. A theoretical framework based on the concepts of social resistance and craft is also included. The article finalizes with a reflection on the role of craft in terms of social, cultural, political and ecological resistance.
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Weinzierl, Matthew. "Space, the Final Economic Frontier." Journal of Economic Perspectives 32, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 173–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.32.2.173.
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After decades of centralized control of economic activity in space, NASA and US policymakers have begun to cede the direction of human activities in space to commercial companies. NASA garnered more than 0.7 percent of GDP in the mid-1960s, but is only around 0.1 percent of GDP today. Meanwhile, space has become big business, with $300 billion in annual revenue. The shift from public to private priorities in space is especially significant because a widely shared goal among commercial space's leaders is the achievement of a large-scale, largely self-sufficient, developed space economy. Jeff Bezos, has stated that the mission of his firm Blue Origin is “millions of people living and working in space.” Elon Musk, founder of SpaceX, has laid out plans to build a city of a million people on Mars within the next century. Both Neil deGrasse Tyson and Peter Diamandis have been given credit for stating that Earth's first trillionaire will be an asteroid-miner. Such visions are clearly not going to become reality in the near future. But detailed roadmaps to them are being produced and recent progress in the required technologies has been dramatic. If such space-economy visions are even partially realized, the implications for society will be enormous. Though economists should treat the prospect of a developed space economy with healthy skepticism, it would be irresponsible to treat it as science fiction. In this article, I provide an analytical framework—based on classic economic analysis of the role of government in market economies—for understanding and managing the development of the space economy.
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Rinnert, Thomas, James Walsh, Cédric Fleury, Gilles Coppin, Thierry Duval, and Bruce Thomas. "How Can One Share a User’s Activity during VR Synchronous Augmentative Cooperation?" Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 7, no. 2 (February 14, 2023): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti7020020.
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Collaborative virtual environments allow people to work together while being distant. At the same time, empathic computing aims to create a deeper shared understanding between people. In this paper, we investigate how to improve the perception of distant collaborative activities in a virtual environment by sharing users’ activity. We first propose several visualization techniques for sharing the activity of multiple users. We selected one of these techniques for a pilot study and evaluated its benefits in a controlled experiment using a virtual reality adaptation of the NASA MATB-II (Multi-Attribute Task Battery). Results show (1) that instantaneous indicators of users’ activity are preferred to indicators that continuously display the progress of a task, and (2) that participants are more confident in their ability to detect users needing help when using activity indicators.
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Sarkissian, John M. "On Eagle's Wings: The Parkes Observatory's Support of the Apollo 11 Mission." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 18, no. 3 (2001): 287–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as01038.
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AbstractAt 12:56 p.m., on Monday 21 July 1969 (AEST), six hundred million people witnessed Neil Armstrong's historic first steps on the Moon through television pictures transmitted to Earth from the lunar module, Eagle. Three tracking stations were receiving the signals simultaneously. They were the CSIRO's Parkes Radio Telescope, the Honeysuckle Creek tracking station near Canberra, and NASA's Goldstone station in California. During the first nine minutes of the broadcast, NASA alternated between the signals being received by the three stations. When they switched to the Parkes pictures, they were of such superior quality that NASA remained with them for the rest of the 2-hour moonwalk. The television pictures from Parkes were received under extremely trying and dangerous conditions. A violent squall struck the telescope on the day of the historic moonwalk. The telescope was buffeted by strong winds that swayed the support tower and threatened the integrity of the telescope structure. Fortunately, cool heads prevailed and as Aldrin activated the TV camera, the Moon rose into the field-of-view of the Parkes telescope. This report endeavours to explain the circumstances of the Parkes Observatory's support of the Apollo 11 mission, and how it came to be involved in the historic enterprise.
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Messeri, Lisa. "Extra-terra incognita: Martian maps in the digital age." Social Studies of Science 47, no. 1 (October 6, 2016): 75–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312716656820.
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Science and technology studies (STS) and critical cartography are both asking questions about the ontological fixity of maps and other scientific objects. This paper examines how a group of NASA computer scientists who call themselves The Mapmakers conceptualizes and creates maps in service of different commitments. The maps under construction are those of alien Mars, produced through partnerships that NASA has established with Google and Microsoft. With the goal of bringing an experience of Mars to as many people as possible, these maps influence how we imagine our neighbouring planet. This paper analyzes two attributes of the map, evident in both its representation and the attending cartographic practices: a sense of Mars as dynamic and a desire for a democratic experience of Mars in which up-to-date Mars data can be intuitively accessed not only by scientists but by lay users as well. Whereas a democratic Mars promises users the ability to decide how to interact with the map and understand Mars, dynamic Mars imposes a more singular sense of Mars as a target of continued robotic and maybe even human exploration. Because maps of Mars have a different (and arguably less complex) set of social and political commitments than those of Earth, they help us see how different goals contradict and complement each other in matters of exploration and state-craft relevant both to other worlds and our own.
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Foust, Jeff. "Three Ways to the Moon: NASA will soon narrow the possible strategies for landing people on the moon." IEEE Spectrum 58, no. 1 (January 2021): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mspec.2021.9311448.
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Qiao, Han, Yazhe Li, Jingyu Zhang, E. Xiaotian, Xiangying Zou, You Jiang, Lin Xiong, and Xianghong Sun. "The peak-end effects in controllers’ mental workload evaluation." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621020.
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People’ retrospective evaluation of their hedonic experience is heavily influenced by the most intense (peak) and the last (end) moment. This study examines whether such peak-end effect can also be applied to the evaluation of mental workload in the context of air traffic control. Twenty professional approach controllers finished four tasks on high fidelity simulators and rated overall workload after each task by NASA-TLX scale. A 2 (high vs. low peak) by 2 (high vs. low end) within-subject design was used. The results showed that there was a significant peak effect and a marginally significant end effect. This study calls for further investigation of the measurement issue of mental workload and provides insights for workload management strategies.
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Arcand, Kimberly, April Jubett, Megan Watzke, Sara Price, Kelly Williamson, and Peter Edmonds. "Touching the stars: improving NASA 3D printed data sets with blind and visually impaired audiences." Journal of Science Communication 18, no. 04 (July 1, 2019): A01. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.18040201.
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Astronomy has been an inherently visual area of science for millenia, yet a majority of its significant discoveries take place in wavelengths beyond human vision. There are many people, including those with low or no vision, who cannot participate fully in such discoveries if visual media is the primary communication mechanism. Numerous efforts have worked to address equity of accessibility to such knowledge sharing, such as through the creation of three-dimensional (3D) printed data sets. This paper describes progress made through technological and programmatic developments in tactile 3D models using NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory to improve access to data.
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Perdana, I. R. W., A. A. Al-Hadi, and Mohabbatul Zaman Bukhari. "The Shielding Materials from EM Radiation for Aircraft Fuselage." Materials Science Forum 857 (May 2016): 598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.857.598.
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In the last few decades, when travel makes one modest, people prefer air travel instead of car. As such, aircrews and flight passengers are prone to electromagnetic (EM) radiation exposure overtime during flight. Various researches were conducted by the Federal Aviation Agency (FAA) and European Union (EU) in order to understand its details. This paper offers reviews of EM radiation effect to human body in altitude of commercial jet and materials that may provide a convince protection for fuselage structure of aircraft. It was found that Polyethylene (PE) is a convincing material that may absorb EM radiation. NASA has found that lower effective dose toward galactic cosmic rays (GCR) was obtained in PE at 0.1 cSv/day compared to aluminum at 0.125 cSv/day at the same thickness which was 20 g/cm2.
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Badesa, Francisco J., Jorge A. Diez, Jose Maria Catalan, Emilio Trigili, Francesca Cordella, Marius Nann, Simona Crea, et al. "Physiological Responses During Hybrid BNCI Control of an Upper-Limb Exoskeleton." Sensors 19, no. 22 (November 12, 2019): 4931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19224931.
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When combined with assistive robotic devices, such as wearable robotics, brain/neural-computer interfaces (BNCI) have the potential to restore the capabilities of handicapped people to carry out activities of daily living. To improve applicability of such systems, workload and stress should be reduced to a minimal level. Here, we investigated the user’s physiological reactions during the exhaustive use of the interfaces of a hybrid control interface. Eleven BNCI-naive healthy volunteers participated in the experiments. All participants sat in a comfortable chair in front of a desk and wore a whole-arm exoskeleton as well as wearable devices for monitoring physiological, electroencephalographic (EEG) and electrooculographic (EoG) signals. The experimental protocol consisted of three phases: (i) Set-up, calibration and BNCI training; (ii) Familiarization phase; and (iii) Experimental phase during which each subject had to perform EEG and EoG tasks. After completing each task, the NASA-TLX questionnaire and self-assessment manikin (SAM) were completed by the user. We found significant differences (p-value < 0.05) in heart rate variability (HRV) and skin conductance level (SCL) between participants during the use of the two different biosignal modalities (EEG, EoG) of the BNCI. This indicates that EEG control is associated with a higher level of stress (associated with a decrease in HRV) and mental work load (associated with a higher level of SCL) when compared to EoG control. In addition, HRV and SCL modulations correlated with the subject’s workload perception and emotional responses assessed through NASA-TLX questionnaires and SAM.
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Arsenault, Kristi R., Shraddhanand Shukla, Abheera Hazra, Augusto Getirana, Amy McNally, Sujay V. Kumar, Randal D. Koster, et al. "The NASA Hydrological Forecast System for Food and Water Security Applications." Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 101, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): E1007—E1025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/bams-d-18-0264.1.
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Abstract Many regions in Africa and the Middle East are vulnerable to drought and to water and food insecurity, motivating agency efforts such as the U.S. Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) to provide early warning of drought events in the region. Each year these warnings guide life-saving assistance that reaches millions of people. A new NASA multimodel, remote sensing–based hydrological forecasting and analysis system, NHyFAS, has been developed to support such efforts by improving the FEWS NET’s current early warning capabilities. NHyFAS derives its skill from two sources: (i) accurate initial conditions, as produced by an offline land modeling system through the application and/or assimilation of various satellite data (precipitation, soil moisture, and terrestrial water storage), and (ii) meteorological forcing data during the forecast period as produced by a state-of-the-art ocean–land–atmosphere forecast system. The land modeling framework used is the Land Information System (LIS), which employs a suite of land surface models, allowing multimodel ensembles and multiple data assimilation strategies to better estimate land surface conditions. An evaluation of NHyFAS shows that its 1–5-month hindcasts successfully capture known historic drought events, and it has improved skill over benchmark-type hindcasts. The system also benefits from strong collaboration with end-user partners in Africa and the Middle East, who provide insights on strategies to formulate and communicate early warning indicators to water and food security communities. The additional lead time provided by this system will increase the speed, accuracy, and efficacy of humanitarian disaster relief, helping to save lives and livelihoods.
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Mazzarella, Joseph M. "Using the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) and Federated Virtual Observatory Archives for Multiwavelength Studies of AGNs." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 184 (2002): 379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100031110.
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AbstractWe live in an exciting era that offers increasing opportunities for people all over the world to make discoveries about the Universe using interconnected archives on the Internet as a primary research tool. We review how NED (http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu) can be used in concert with globally distributed online archives to perform multi-wavelength, crosscorrelated studies of AGNs and other galaxy types. The present status and planned evolution of NED capabilities are discussed.
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Cortés, Diego Mauricio. "Era mejor cuando éramos ilegales (it was better when we were illegals): Indigenous people, the State and public interest indigenous radio stations in Colombia." Journal of Alternative & Community Media 4, no. 3 (October 1, 2019): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/joacm_00056_1.
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This article discusses the intervention of the Colombian State in the development of indigenous radio stations, focusing on the case of the Misak and Nasa communities. As shown, these radio stations have had different contributions in these indigenous communities, such as forging a new generation of leaders, promoting their languages, and encouraging political mobilisation. However, these media projects have also brought new challenges for these communities, calling for a more careful consideration of the complexities of state intervention in community radio projects. This article contributes to a better understanding of the impact of state intervention in indigenous media, by focusing on three main features that illustrate some of the unintended consequences of these projects: 1) contradictory state legislation that, instead of empowering indigenous media projects, tamed their political potential; 2) the natural role of radio stations as a modern disruptors (Appadurai, 1996) that may have positives as well as negative consequence in the changes they generate in indigenous communities; and 3) the internal political struggles within these indigenous communities.
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Wang, Heting, Vidya Gaddy, James Ross Beveridge, and Francisco R. Ortega. "Building an Emotionally Responsive Avatar with Dynamic Facial Expressions in Human—Computer Interactions." Multimodal Technologies and Interaction 5, no. 3 (March 20, 2021): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mti5030013.
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The role of affect has been long studied in human–computer interactions. Unlike previous studies that focused on seven basic emotions, an avatar named Diana was introduced who expresses a higher level of emotional intelligence. To adapt to the users various affects during interaction, Diana simulates emotions with dynamic facial expressions. When two people collaborated to build blocks, their affects were recognized and labeled using the Affdex SDK and a descriptive analysis was provided. When participants turned to collaborate with Diana, their subjective responses were collected and the length of completion was recorded. Three modes of Diana were involved: a flat-faced Diana, a Diana that used mimicry facial expressions, and a Diana that used emotionally responsive facial expressions. Twenty-one responses were collected through a five-point Likert scale questionnaire and the NASA TLX. Results from questionnaires were not statistically different. However, the emotionally responsive Diana obtained more positive responses, and people spent the longest time with the mimicry Diana. In post-study comments, most participants perceived facial expressions on Diana’s face as natural, four mentioned uncomfortable feelings caused by the Uncanny Valley effect.
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Chaves, Paola, Noelle Aarts, and Severine van Bommel. "Self-organization for everyday peacebuilding: The Guardia Indígena from Northern Cauca, Colombia." Security Dialogue 51, no. 1 (December 13, 2019): 39–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0967010619889471.
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The Nasa indigenous group’s Guardia Indígena, whose primary goal is to protect indigenous people and their territories from all types of armed groups, is a nonviolent self-protection organization in Northern Cauca, Colombia. On 5 November 2014, while peace talks were ongoing between the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) and the Colombian government, two Guardia Indígena members were shot dead by FARC guerrillas. Without guns or physical violence, indigenous guards captured seven guerrillas responsible for the crime, and, four days later, indigenous organizations held a trial and sentenced the rebels to imprisonment. This article describes those events and investigates how the unarmed guards managed to capture the guerrillas and bring them to trial. The self-organization concept is used to gain insights into the mechanisms and strategies deployed. The mechanisms of the Guardia Indígena include constructing and applying specific social norms and values, developing a common goal, and applying a flexible mix of centralized and decentralized ways of organizing. By combining and activating these mechanisms at carefully chosen moments, indigenous people have succeeded in organizing themselves as a collective movement that is powerful enough to confront armed groups without using violence.
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Norwick, Stephen. "Dean Chapman's Contributions to Tektite Science." Earth Sciences History 31, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 76–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/eshi.31.1.a719v2801u37x5g3.
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Dean Roden Chapman (1922-1995), an engineer and scientist at NASA Ames Research Center, was one of the founders of astronautics (rocket science). He used his laboratory to produce objects that are very similar to Australian tektites. There were two major questions about tektites in his day: did they come for the Earth or the Moon? And were they caused by meteor impacts or volcanic eruptions? Chapman came to believe that tektites were caused by meteor impacts on the Moon. He made many contributions to our understanding of tektites and was also one of the people who helped NASA get to the Moon. One percent of the Moon was covered with little glass spheres, but they are quite different from the tektites known on the Earth. The data from the Moon rocks was largely incompatible with the theory that terrestrial tektites are derived from the Moon. Chapman stopped publishing papers about tektites, but he remained interested in the subject for the rest of his life and believed that in the long run the lunar impact theory might become dominant again as new data was returned from the Moon. From our present understanding of tektites and the Moon, Chapman failed because he privileged the facts that he generated himself in his laboratory. He was not prepared to study the messy complexity of natural products. He was misled by the meteorite science traditions used in tektite science. He did not use appropriate statistical procedures, and because he was such a famous scientist in his own field the editors of two major journals in which he published did not properly assist him when he was working outside his area of major competence.
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Brovelli, M. A., and G. Zamboni. "A 3D social platform for the Paths of Via Regina." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-4/W7 (June 30, 2015): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-4-w7-23-2015.
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GeoWeb 2.0, the geographic extension of Web 2.0, has opened new possibilities in terms of online dissemination and sharing of geospatial contents, thus laying the foundations for a fruitful development of Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) systems. At the same time the technological evolution and the availability of ever more efficient devices has allowed the usability of the third dimension even for the cartographic viewers, changing the way people approach to geographic information on the Web. Unlike the traditional 2D-visualization typical of the classic Web Geographic Information Systems (Web-GISs), the multi-dimensional viewers, of which virtual globes are the main examples, offer fully-realistic content visualization which allows for a much richer user experience. In this paper a 3D Web application based on the NASA World Wind virtual globe which aims at the enhancement of the foot paths on the hilly cross-border area between Italy and Switzerland is presented.
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Sixtho Villarreal, Hermes. "Educación Propia ¿Es posible una Episteme Raizal-Ancestral Indígena?." Cuestiones Pedagógicas 2, no. 29 (2020): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.12795/cp.2020.i29.v2.09.
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The article presents an epistemic reflection on the proper education of the Nasa indigenous people, north of Cauca (Colombia). It shows that, in some way, from the indigenous worldviews it is also possible to build knowledge from know-how and experiences in the territories, which is valid and legitimate. In the same way as modern Western knowledge does and, as an emancipating process for indigenous peoples. Some pillars of self-education were analyzed, highlighting its role in autonomous education processes in the territories, which were consolidated at the founding of the Regional Indigenous Council of Cauca, aiming for the strengthening of cultural identity, ancestral knowledge, own language, the Law of Origin, spirituality, autonomy, and millennial resistance. In this way, more than a process to train students, self-education is a political project of resistance, physical and cultural pervivience. One of the main characteristics of self-education is the positioning of the school in, with and for the communities through community-oriented educational projects. That is, an education of defense, anti-establishment and contextualized according to the geographical, environmental, social and economic conditions of the territories. Also, a first approximation to the notion of indigenous root-ancestral episteme is developed allowing us to understand the processes of knowledge building from the same worldview that produces it.
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Guilbeault, Douglas, Joshua Becker, and Damon Centola. "Social learning and partisan bias in the interpretation of climate trends." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 39 (September 4, 2018): 9714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1722664115.
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Vital scientific communications are frequently misinterpreted by the lay public as a result of motivated reasoning, where people misconstrue data to fit their political and psychological biases. In the case of climate change, some people have been found to systematically misinterpret climate data in ways that conflict with the intended message of climate scientists. While prior studies have attempted to reduce motivated reasoning through bipartisan communication networks, these networks have also been found to exacerbate bias. Popular theories hold that bipartisan networks amplify bias by exposing people to opposing beliefs. These theories are in tension with collective intelligence research, which shows that exchanging beliefs in social networks can facilitate social learning, thereby improving individual and group judgments. However, prior experiments in collective intelligence have relied almost exclusively on neutral questions that do not engage motivated reasoning. Using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk, we conducted an online experiment to test how bipartisan social networks can influence subjects’ interpretation of climate communications from NASA. Here, we show that exposure to opposing beliefs in structured bipartisan social networks substantially improved the accuracy of judgments among both conservatives and liberals, eliminating belief polarization. However, we also find that social learning can be reduced, and belief polarization maintained, as a result of partisan priming. We find that increasing the salience of partisanship during communication, both through exposure to the logos of political parties and through exposure to the political identities of network peers, can significantly reduce social learning.
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Bhujel, Krishna Bahadur, Rejina Maskey Byanju, and Ambika P. Gautam. "WILDFIRE DYNAMICS AND ITS EFFECTS ON THE FOREST RESOURCES AND PUBLIC PROPERTY IN NEPAL." Journal of Institute of Science and Technology 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jist.v23i1.22197.
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NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) has detected several intensive wildfires from the local to global level in 2016. However, deeper study on the dynamics of wildfire and its consequences are still inadequate. This study was carried out to find wildfire dynamics and its effects on the forest resources and public property in Nepal. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spector-Radiometer (MODIS) was used for active fire data of 2016 in Nepal. Wildfire-related national and international published articles, report, website and media were reviewed. Data were analyzed using ArcGIS and MS Excel. The result showed an abnormal wildfire incidence areas in 2016, adverse effect on the forest resources and public property. One hundred forty burnt days were recorded. Density of wildfire incidence and burnt area were found to be 0.09 number and 3.4 hectares per km2, respectively, which was around 33 % more than of the last 15 years. The huge forest resources and its tangible as well as intangible services were lost during the year of 2016. Loss of forest resources account for about NRs 11,750,000 (US$ 107,798) as per local market price for the year. Total eleven people were killed and over hundred people injured. The findings of the present study will be useful baseline information for implementers, researchers and decision-makers in future.
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Torres, Rachel, Camilo Castillo, Addie Wanner, Kaden Kozlowski, and Daniela Terson de Paleville. "GUIDED BREATHING EXERCISE MODULATES BLOOD PRESSURE FOR PEOPLE WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY." Journal of Clinical Exercise Physiology 12, s1 (January 1, 2023): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.31189/2165-7629-12-s1.13.
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BACKGROUND People with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) often suffer from autonomic dysfunction, including orthostatic intolerance. These effects can be similar to those that astronauts experience while exposed to microgravity. To improve post-flight orthostatic intolerance, and other symptoms of autonomic dysfunction, scientists at NASA designed a biofeedback protocol, Autogenic Feedback Training Exercise (AFTE). AFTE combines specific autogenic exercises (e.g., self-suggestion of warmth in the hands) with biofeedback of multiple physiological responses (i.e., blood pressure [BP], heart rate, body temperature, breathing rate). We modified this protocol by adding guided breathing exercises and immersive virtual reality (VR) and tested it among people with and without SCI. The study aims to determine if AFTE is viable for improving autonomic dysfunction in individuals with SCI. We hypothesize that participants with SCI will improve symptoms of orthostatic hypotension and be able to modulate BP toward normotensive values after eight sessions of AFTE. METHODS/DESIGN A convenience sample of five (n=5) participants with chronic cervical SCI: two women (body weight 90+/−13Kg, height 164+/−2Cm, age 48+/−18), three men (body weight 96+/−37, height 180+/−5Kg, age 40+/−28) and four (n=4) participants without SCI: two women (body weight 57+/−9 Kg, height 164+/ 9 Cm, age 22+/−1) and two men (body weight 78 Kg +/−18, height 182 cm +/−5, age 27+/−2) participated in the study. Training consisted of eight 3-minute cycles of alternating relaxing then stimulating breathing, interoception (i.e., noticing inner body sensation), and VR. The relaxing breathing to lower BP consisted of making the “mmm” sound with three long nasal exhales to lower blood pressure. The stimulating breathing to raise BP consisted of three series of ten quick nasal exhales. After each of the eight cycles, participants were given feedback on whether they met their goal of increasing of decreasing MAP 5 mmHg during stimulation or relaxation cycles respectively. Training was performed twice a week for five weeks. RESULTS Participants successfully modulated their BP during the breathing exercise portion of the training. Participants reported they were able to use the technique at home after training was completed. CONCLUSIONS Guided breathing exercises could provide a readily available method of BP modification without side effects, potentially enabling more exercise compliance for people with SCI.
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Woolford, Barbara J. "Human Factors for NASA's Space Exploration Vision the View from Inside." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 23 (September 2005): 2012–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504902302.
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People are the critical element in human space exploration. Future missions will be designed to optimize uniquely human capabilities: creativity, ingenuity, intuition, learning, problem-solving, flexibility and determination. Human factors' role is to extend human capability with hardware and software; to create environments that maintain mental, emotional and physical fitness; to select and train crews capable of thriving in risky, long-duration missions; and to increase astronaut safety and reduce mission risk. This symposium will explore the research and technology development in NASA's Human-System Integration program. First, we will describe the missions that lead up the manned exploration of Mars. Detailed technical descriptions of NASA's current research and gaps will address physical, cognitive, and behavioral health and performance issues. Finally, we will describe the reinvention of NASA-STD-3000, Human-System Integration Standards, the medium by which research results are imposed on the design and construction of spacecraft, software, and operations concepts.
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VELASCO, MARCELA. "Multiculturalism, Legal Pluralism and Local Government in Colombia: Indigenous Autonomy and Institutional Embeddedness in Karmata Rúa, Antioquia." Journal of Latin American Studies 50, no. 3 (October 25, 2017): 517–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x17001183.
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AbstractIn the 1990s, Colombia decentralised politics and passed multicultural reforms as part of wider strategies to strengthen the state. Multiculturalism produced a complex institutional environment marked by jurisdictional overlap and legal plurality. The literature on Colombia's multiculturalism confirms that violence, indigenous rights abuses and the lack of enabling legislation on indigenous territorial entities limited ethno-political autonomy and instead enhanced the capacity of the state to transform indigenous identity and bureaucratise local decision-making practices. However, some indigenous authorities used the new institutions to take control of communal matters, changing local governments along the way. The better-known case of indigenous self-government is that of the Nasa people in Cauca, characterised by the capture of local institutions to advance ethnic rights. In my study of the Embera Chamí of Karmata Rúa (Antioquia) I argue that they represent an alternative approach centred on institutional embeddedness, or the repetition of ethnic autonomy rules by multiple layers of government.
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Stamatelatos, Michael. "Venturing to the Far Reaches." Mechanical Engineering 127, no. 09 (September 1, 2005): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2005-sep-3.
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This article discusses that it is a testament to the hard work and ingenuity of the engineers working in the space program that such complicated systems get launched successfully. To the people who study it professionally, risk is the probability, or frequency (probability per unit time), and the consequence (severity) of an undesired event, and the uncertainties associated with the estimated probabilities and consequences. NASA has adopted a “continuous risk management” process for all its programs and projects. This process begins with the identification and analysis of program or project risks that impact success criteria. The risk management process continues with risk analysis, planning, tracking, and control. All unacceptable risks are dealt with before a project or program can proceed. Probabilistic risk assessments (PRA) are useful in every phase of a mission life cycle, not just at design or before launch. A PRA performed in the design phase can help identify the risks associated with systems and components and with technological options.
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Dicht, Burton. "Enterprise to Intrepid." Mechanical Engineering 134, no. 10 (October 1, 2012): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2012-oct-2.
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This article discusses the preparation, planning, and execution efforts of Intrepid Sea, Air, and Space Museum staff and other teams involved in getting the Space Shuttle Orbiter Enterprise to new pavilion. Getting the Intrepid ready and ensuring the Enterprise would be safely transported posed an enormous task that involved more than a year of planning, hundreds of people, thousands of hours of effort, and a list of government agencies, companies, and contractors. The addition of the Enterprise and the opening of the Space Shuttle Pavilion on July 19 are an expansion of Intrepid’s space connection. Enterprise’s journey to the Intrepid began in December 2008 when NASA was considering where to place the orbiters after the space shuttle program ended. All that were involved in the preparation, planning, and execution of Enterprise’s trip to the Intrepid could see that their challenging work, expertise, and dedication to the task contributed to a perfect, three-wire carrier landing.
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Brown, Alan S., and Brittany Logan. "How Fiction Puts the Science in Engineering." Mechanical Engineering 137, no. 02 (February 1, 2015): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2015-feb-1.
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This article elaborates how science fiction can inspire innovators in their lives. Adam Steltzner, Curiosity Lead Engineer at NASA Jet Propulsion Lab, reveals that he was a big fan of Larry Niven’s Lucifer’s Hammer, Ringworld, and his Known Space stories. Steltzner says he was intrigued by having a job where somebody might put him in a helicopter and send him somewhere exotic. Science fiction gave him models of smart people using their smarts, usually in some technical way, to figure out problems and exploit that. That model of a smart guy as a hero motivated Steltzner. Science fiction also allows him to ponder what might be. His favorite stories inspire him to figure out what is far out and what might actually be possible. Steltzner says if he could have any sci-fi invention, it would be a flying car. It would give him the ability to use all the three-dimensionality of the world to get around all the bumps and wrinkles and curves.
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Anjali, Niras. "A critical review on Glaucoma and its management in Ayurveda." International journal of Indian medicine 03, no. 04 (2022): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.55552/ijim.2022.3402.
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Shalakya tantra is a branch of Ashtanga Ayurveda that treats Chakshu, Nasa, Shirah, Kantha, Mukha and Karna diseases. Glaucoma is an optic nerve neurodegenerative disease which mainly affects people in their forties and fifties caused by a group of ocular conditions which lead to damage of optic nerve with loss of visual function. Glaucoma is the world's second-leading cause of irreversible blindness, and India's third-leading cause. This ailment is connected to Adhimantha in Ayurveda. Adhimantha is a Sarvagata netraroga according to Acharya Sushruta and Vagbhatta. It is identical to Glaucoma in terms of etiopathogenesis, clinical characteristics, consequences, and therapeutic concepts. Prana-Vyana vayu, and Alochaka pitta are the Doshas and Rasa-Raktha-Mamsa- are the Dushyas involved in the pathophysiology. This results in the Optic Nerve Head alterations and field abnormalities that might lead to blindness. Ayurvedic management prevents eye ageing, rejuvenates the eyes, and enhances eye function. Medicines used topically have a greater bioavailability than drugs administered orally. Ayurvedic medicines and therapies keep the body in check, illness as well as prevent blindness.
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Hepsiba, D., L. D. Vijay Anand, and J. Samson Isaac. "Statistical Analysis on the Effects of Lockdown and Its Impact on Childhood Education During Covid-19." International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education 13, no. 2 (December 2, 2021): 874–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.9756/int-jecse/v13i2.211130.
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The spread of Coronavirus in faster pace has made the World Health Organization to declare the outpour as Pandemic. Due to the drastic increase in the number of cases reported, it is clear that lockdown is most helpful to stop the spread of the disease. Our research focusses on the protective measures to be taken to safeguard against the coronavirus, positive and negative impacts of lockdown in the education of children and its management measures. All the data for our study are taken from the websites of WHO, Centers of Disease Control & Prevention, US Food & Drug Administration, National Air Quality Index of India, NASA and ISRO. The research was made on the Air Quality Index of Ashok Vihar, Delhi on the normal day and during the lockdown day, through this study its clearly evident that there was an enormous reduction in environmental pollution. Even though the government officials and the health care professionals are taking much pain to save people from this virus it is the duty of every citizen to follow the instructions in fighting against this dreadful coronavirus.
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Angotti, Catherine M., Wing T. Chan, C. James Sample, and Marshal S. Levine. "Combined Dietary and Exercise Intervention for Control of Serum Cholesterol in the Workplace." American Journal of Health Promotion 15, no. 1 (September 2000): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/0890-1171-15.1.9.
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Purpose. To elucidate a potential combined dietary and exercise intervention affect on cardiovascular risk reduction of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Headquarters employees. Design. A nonexperimental, longitudinal, clinical-chart review study (1987 to 1996) of an identified intervention group and a reference (not a control) group. Setting. The study group worked in an office environment and participated in the annual medical examinations. Subjects. An intervention group of 858 people with initially elevated serum cholesterol, and a reference group of 963 people randomly sampled from 10% of the study group. Measures. Serum cholesterol data were obtained for both groups, respectively, from pre- and postintervention and annual examinations. The reference group was adjusted by statistical exclusion of potential intervention participants. Regression equations (cholesterol vs. study years) for the unadjusted/adjusted reference groups were tested for statistical significance. Intervention. An 8-week individualized, combined dietary and exercise program was instituted with annual follow-ups and was repeated where warranted. Results. Only the unadjusted (but not the adjusted) reference group with initial mean total serum cholesterol levels above 200 mg/dL shows a significant 9-year decline trend and significant beta coefficient tests. An intervention effect is suggested. Mean high density lipoprotein cholesterol rose slightly in the intervention group but was maintained in the reference group. Conclusion. With potential design limitations, the NASA intervention program focusing on a high risk group may be associated to some degree, if not fully, with an overall cardiovascular risk profile improvement.
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Jardina, Jo Rain, S. Camille Peres, Vickie Nguyen, Ashitra Megasari, Katherine R. Griggs, Rosalinda Pinales, and April N. Amos. "Keyboard Shortcut Users: They Are Faster at More than Just Typing." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 53, no. 15 (October 2009): 975–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120905301508.
Full textAbstract:
Software efficiency may be important for employees who want to be viewed as valuable assets in a company. One efficient method people can employ is the use of the keyboard to issue commands (KICs) because KICs are faster than other methods, e.g. menus or icons. Furthermore, using KICs may reduce the risk of repetitive strain injuries (RSIs). This paper examines the question of whether KIC users utilize different types of interaction techniques more quickly than non-KIC users. Participants were exposed to five conditions, each consisting of different computer tasks. One condition was used to determine KIC usage, the independent variable. The other four conditions were used to objectively measure performance in time (i.e., efficiency), one of the dependent variables. After each condition, participants completed the NASA-TLX survey, which was used as a subjective measure of workload, the second dependent variable. Task performance correlated strongly or moderately with KIC usage for all conditions, which indicates that KIC users finished all tasks more quickly than other users—even when they used other techniques than KICs to accomplish those tasks. There was no relationship between KIC usage and subjective workload.