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Journal articles on the topic 'Narens'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Augustin, Thomas. "Extensions of Narens' theory of ratio magnitude estimation." British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology 63, no. 3 (November 2010): 647–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/000711010x486075.

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2

Tauber, Sarah K., John Dunlosky, Katherine A. Rawson, Matthew G. Rhodes, and Danielle M. Sitzman. "General knowledge norms: Updated and expanded from the Nelson and Narens (1980) norms." Behavior Research Methods 45, no. 4 (January 24, 2013): 1115–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13428-012-0307-9.

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3

Gollwitzer, Peter M., and Bernd Schaal. "Metacognition in Action: The Importance of Implementation Intentions." Personality and Social Psychology Review 2, no. 2 (May 1998): 124–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0202_5.

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When people furnish their goal intentions (“I intend to attain the goal x!”) with implementation intentions (“I will initiate the goal-directed response y when situation z arises!”), the initiation of goal-directed responses becomes automatized. As this type of automaticity stems from a single act of will, it is referred to as strategic automaticity. We report various studies demonstrating that strategic automaticity leads to immediate and efficient responding, which does not need a conscious intent. In addition, the situational cues specified in implementation intentions seem to be easily detected and readily attended to. Further research indicates that the strategic automaticity induced by implementation intentions also helps resist temptations and fight bad habits. Following Nelson's (1996; Nelson & Narens, 1994) model of metacognition, we suggest that goal intentions and, in particular, implementation intentions are important components of the metacognitive control of action geared toward its initiation, continuation, and termination.

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4

Larner, Andrew J. "Functional Cognitive Disorders (FCD): How Is Metacognition Involved?" Brain Sciences 11, no. 8 (August 18, 2021): 1082. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11081082.

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Functional cognitive disorders (FCD) have become a subject of increasing clinical interest in recent years, in part because of their high prevalence amongst patients attending dedicated memory clinics. Empirical understanding of FCD based on observational studies is growing, suggesting a relationship to other functional neurological disorders (FND) based on shared phenomenology. However, understanding of FCD at the theoretical level has been lacking. One suggestion has been that FCD are disorders of metacognition, most usually of metamemory. In this article, a brief overview of these constructs is presented along with existing evidence for their impairment in FCD. Previous adaptations of theoretical models of FND to accommodate FCD are reviewed. A novel application to FCD of Nelson and Narens’ monitoring and control model of metamemory is then attempted, positing an improper setting of the monitoring function, with examples of ecological relevance. Formulation of FCD in light of a metacognitive model of anosognosia is also considered. Although lacking mechanistic and neuroanatomical sophistication, this metacognitive formulation of FCD may give pointers for future hypothesis-driven research and a pragmatic basis for management strategies.

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Botelho, Patricia Ferreira, and Diego da Silva Vargas. "Inferências e atividades de leitura." Cadernos de Estudos Linguísticos 63 (February 25, 2021): e021005. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/cel.v63i00.8660188.

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Pesquisas recentes que desenvolvemos sobre o ensino de leitura conduziram nossos olhares acerca da compreensão do processo de construção de inferências em função dos objetivos pretendidos em uma atividade de leitura. Nesse sentido, este artigo se volta para as possibilidades de o aluno acionar informações mais precisas para construir inferências pertinentes ao que se pretende alcançar numa atividade de leitura. Sabendo que a inferência deve ser compreendida como um processo cognitivo que pode ser administrado por meio de estratégias metacognitivas, pretendemos, assim, desenvolver esse trabalho em duas frentes: retomada de alguns pressupostos dos estudos em cognição para entender os processos cognitivos que possibilitam a construção de inferências, em especial, o de integração conceptual (FAUCONNIER e TURNER, 2002) e, também, apresentação de estudos em metacognição e leitura que nos possibilitem desenvolver estratégias de ensino que auxiliem os estudantes a acionar as informações necessárias para a construção organizada de inferências. Para isso, empregamos o modelo de processamento da informação em termos do desenvolvimento do aprendizado em três estágios: aquisição, retenção e recuperação de informações (NELSON e NARENS, 1990, 1994) e a apresentação de questões de leitura em função de níveis inferenciais (APPLEGATE et al., 2002) para, então, apresentarmos um protocolo de ensino que auxilie os docentes na elaboração e desenvolvimento de atividades de leitura.

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6

Dougherty, Michael R., Alison M. Robey, and Daniel Buttaccio. "Do metacognitive judgments alter memory performance beyond the benefits of retrieval practice? A comment on and replication attempt of Dougherty, Scheck, Nelson, and Narens (2005)." Memory & Cognition 46, no. 4 (January 24, 2018): 558–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3758/s13421-018-0791-y.

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7

Suck, Reinhard. "Beyond Kolmogorov’s probability axioms: Qualitative foundations and new event spaces. Theories of Probability. An examination of logical and qualitative foundations. By Louis Narens. World Scientific, London (2007). Reviewed by Reinhard Suck." Journal of Mathematical Psychology 54, no. 2 (April 2010): 288–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmp.2009.07.003.

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8

Srivastava, V. K., and B. P. Singh. "Facies analysis and depositional environments of the early Eocene Naredi Formation (Nareda locality), Kutch, Western India." Carbonates and Evaporites 32, no. 3 (March 29, 2016): 279–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13146-016-0293-6.

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9

Henrichs, Detlef. "Narben." Lancet 353, no. 9162 (April 1999): 1449–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)75979-1.

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10

Lee, Jennifer, Annie Voskertchian, Danielle Koontz, Karen Carroll, Tracy Howard, Elizabeth Colantuoni, and Aaron Michael Milstone. "Neonatal Exposure to Staphylococcus aureus in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Identifying Reservoirs Among Colonized Healthcare Workers and Parents." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s490—s491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.1166.

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Background:Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is the second most common cause of healthcare-acquired infections in neonates. S. aureus colonization is a known risk factor for invasive disease. Aside from healthcare workers (HCWs), recent data suggest that parents are important reservoirs of S. aureus in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). S. aureus typically colonizes the nares, but it can also colonize other anatomic locations such as the throat. Objective: Our objectives were to identify and compare S. aureus colonization among HCWs and parents and to identify and compare different sites of S. aureus colonization. Methods: Between April 2015 and July 2016, we performed 4 point-prevalence surveys and collected nares and throat swabs from HCWs (nurses, respiratory therapists, nurse practitioners, and physicians) at a quaternary-care NICU. During an overlapping period, we screened parents of neonates in the NICU for S. aureus colonization using nares, throat, groin, and perianal cultures as a part of an ongoing randomized control trial. Cultures from both studies were collected using standardized methods. ESwabs were used to collect samples, which were inoculated into broth for enrichment and subsequently cultured onto chromogenic agar to differentiate between MSSA and MRSA. Results: The prevalence of methicillin susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) colonization was 46% (105/226) in HCWs and 28% (239/842) in parents. The prevalence of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) colonization was 2.2% (5/226) in HCWs and 2.2% (19/842) in parents. Of those who were colonized with S. aureus, 35% (79/226) of HCWs and 46.5% (160/344) of parents had nares and throat colonization while 11.5% (26/226) of HCWs and 12.2% (42/344) of parents had only throat colonization but not nares colonization. Of those who were MRSA colonized, 1.3% (3/226) of HCWs and 1.8% (15/842) of parents had a positive nares and throat culture as compared to 0.9% (2/226) of HCWs and 0.2% (2/842) of parents had only positive throat cultures. Additionally, 68% (175/257) were colonized with S. aureus at any swabbed site including nares, throat, groin, or perinanal areas. However, only 30% (77/257) of parents had only nares colonization as compared to 58.8% (151/257) had throat and nares colonization, 38.1% (98/257) had nares and groin colonization, and 37.4% (96/257) had nares and perianal colonization. Conclusions: HCWs had greater prevalence of S. aureus colonization compared to parents. As expected, the nares was the most common site of MSSA and MRSA, but a large proportion of S. aureus colonized HCWs and parents had only throat colonization. Given the prevalence of S. aureus in non-nares sites of HCWs and parents in the NICU, further studies should examine the role of non-nares carriers in the transmission of S. aureus in this population.Funding: NoneDisclosures: Aaron Milstone reports consultancy with Becton Dickinson.

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Huck, Jennifer L., Bryden J. Stanley, and Joseph G. Hauptman. "Technique and Outcome of Nares Amputation (Trader’s Technique) in Immature Shih Tzus." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 44, no. 2 (March 1, 2008): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/0440082.

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Dogs with brachycephalic conformation frequently suffer from stenotic nares. This study investigated the clinical effects of stenotic nares resection in shih tzu puppies using an amputation technique first described in 1949. The authors hypothesized that surgical correction of the stenotic nares would result in improvement of nasal discharge/noise, breathing difficulty (dyspnea), and exercise limitations (exercise intolerance), and that the technique would provide a cosmetic result. Based on the results of this study, the authors recommend early surgical correction (amputation) of stenotic nares in shih tzu puppies as an effective and cosmetic technique.

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12

Pace, Annalisa, Giannicola Iannella, Valeria Rossetti, Irene Claudia Visconti, Giampiero Gulotta, Carlo Cavaliere, Andrea De Vito, et al. "Diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients with Allergic and Non-Allergic Rhinitis." Medicina 56, no. 9 (September 8, 2020): 454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56090454.

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Background and objectives: Rhinitis could be considered a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Studies were conducted to evaluate the relation between OSA and Allergic rhinitis (AR). Non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES) is a condition with a symptomatology apparently similar to AR. The aim of this study was to evaluate the different presence of OSA in patients suffering from NARES and AR. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients were enrolled and subdivided into NARES, AR and control groups. NARES and AR diagnosis were performed using ARIA (Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma) protocol. All patients were screened for OSA with home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) exam analyzing AHI (Apnea Hypopnea Index) values. Results: Results showed that 60% of patients affected by NARES presented OSA. On the contrary, altered AHI was found only in 35% of patients affected by AR and in 10% of patients belonging to the control group. Conclusions: In conclusion, data showed that there was an increased risk of OSA in NARES patients respect to AR patients and healthy patients.

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13

Acquisto, Nicole M., Ryan P. Bodkin, Jack E. Brown, Paul S. Graman, Courtney Marie Cora Jones, Timmy Li, Dwight J. Hardy, and Elizabeth Dodds Ashley. "MRSA nares swab is a more accurate predictor of MRSA wound infection compared with clinical risk factors in emergency department patients with skin and soft tissue infections." Emergency Medicine Journal 35, no. 6 (March 9, 2018): 357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emermed-2017-206843.

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ObjectivesSkin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are prevalent in the emergency department (ED). We determined whether MRSA nasal carriage better identifies patients with MRSA wound infection than clinical risk factors or emergency medicine (EM) provider’s choice of discharge prescriptions.MethodsAdult patients presenting to a large academic medical centre ED in the USA with SSTI between May 2010 and November 2011 were screened. Research assistants administered a questionnaire regarding MRSA risk factors, and MRSA nares swab PCR testing, wound culture results and information on antibiotics prescribed at discharge were collected. Measures of classification accuracy for nares swab, individual risk factors and physician’s prescription for MRSA coverage were compared with gold standard wound culture.ResultsDuring the study period, 116 patients with SSTI had both wound cultures and nares swabs for MRSA. S. aureus was isolated in 59.5%, most often MRSA (75.4%). Thirty patients (25.9%) had a positive MRSA nares swab and culture for a sensitivity of 57.7% and specificity of 92.2%. Positive predictive value (PPV) for MRSA nares swab was 85.7% and positive likelihood ratio was 7.4, while negative predictive value was 72.8% and negative likelihood ratio 0.5. None of the individual risk factors nor EM provider’s prescription for MRSA coverage had a PPV or positive likelihood ratio higher than nares swabs.ConclusionsMRSA nares swab is a more accurate predictor of MRSA wound infection compared with clinical risk factors or EM provider’s choice of antibiotics. MRSA nares swab may be a useful tool in the ED.

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14

Kishore, J. "Remedies Affecting the Posterior Nares." Zeitschrift für Klassische Homöopathie 28, no. 06 (April 2, 2007): 250–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-938115.

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15

Nishijima, S., S. Namura, T. Higashida, and S. Kawai. "Staphylococcus Aureus in the Anterior Nares and Subungual Spaces of the Hands in Atopic Dermatitis." Journal of International Medical Research 25, no. 3 (May 1997): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030006059702500305.

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We examined the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in the anterior nares and the subungual spaces of the hands of patients with atopic dermatitis to determine whether the presence of S. aureus at these sites may contribute to the aggravation of the dermatitic skin lesions. The prevalence of S. aureus in the anterior nares of patients with atopic dermatitis was over five times higher than that in the anterior nares of patients with other skin diseases or in healthy adult controls, and the prevalence of S. aureus in the subungual spaces was 10 times higher in patients with atopic dermatitis than in those with other skin diseases or in controls. Both the anterior nares and the subungual spaces of the hands are important reservoirs of S. aureus in atopic dermatitis. The phage type of S. aureus strains isolated from the anterior nares is similar to that of the strains isolated from the subungual spaces.

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16

Jackson, H. R., and L. Koppen. "The Nares Strait gravity anomaly and its implications for crustal structure." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 22, no. 9 (September 1, 1985): 1322–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e85-136.

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A negative free-air gravity anomaly is associated with Nares Strait, the waterway that separates Ellesmere Island and Greenland. Two east–west gravity profiles that cross Ellesmere Island and Nares Strait were collected. A low with values in the range of −100 to −120 mGal (−1000 to −1200 μm/s2) was observed, and two-dimensional crustal models were created to identify the cause of the anomaly. The gravity anomaly cannot be attributed wholly to the bathymetry of the strait or to the sedimentary rocks underlying the strait. Crustal models that reproduce the anomaly have a M discontinuity that slopes under Nares Strait towards Ellesmere Island so that the crust beneath Ellesmere Island is thickened. The anomaly is similar to those associated with ancient and modern suture zones, regions of collided continental crust. Plate reconstructions suggest Nares Strait is a collisional boundary between the North American Plate (Ellesmere Island) and the Greenland Plate. The gravity anomaly supports this interpretation of Nares Strait.

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17

Boelaert, Johan R., Herman W. Van Landuyt, Bart Z. Gordts, Yvan A. De Baere, Shawn A. Messer, and Loreen A. Herwaldt. "Nasal and Cutaneous Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in Hemodialysis Patients: The Effect of Nasal Mupirocin." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 17, no. 12 (December 1996): 809–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700003568.

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AbstractFifteen of 20 hemodialysis patients who carried Staphylococcus aureus in their nares also carried the organism on their hands; 2 of 20 patients who did not carry S aureus in their nares carried S aureus on their hands (P<.001). Eightyseven percent of patients who carried S aureus in their nares and on their hands carried the same strain at both sites. Intranasal mupirocin eliminated S aureus from both sites.

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Berns, Chanel N., Chad W. Schmiedt, Vanna M. Dickerson, and Sean M. Murphy. "Single pedicle advancement flap for treatment of feline stenotic nares: technique and results in five cases." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 22, no. 12 (March 16, 2020): 1238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x20910539.

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Objectives Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS) is a common cause of upper airway obstruction in dogs, but is appreciated less commonly in cats. Of the components of BOAS, stenotic nares appear to play a major role in cats. However, the axial deviation of the alar wing, a common cause of nasal obstruction in dogs, is typically not present. We report a series of brachycephalic cats with a ventral nasal obstruction resulting from redundant skin along the floor of the nares. In these cats, surgical techniques developed for dogs were felt to be suboptimal. Our aim is to describe a novel surgical procedure designed specifically to surgically correct stenotic nares in cats with an obstructive fold of skin ventral to the nostril. Methods Five brachycephalic cats presenting for clinical signs of stenotic nares underwent surgical repair. In each case, a resection of the skin fold followed by a bilateral single pedicle advancement flap technique was performed. Postoperative outcomes were obtained by contacting owners by telephone. Results All cats had positive outcomes, resulting in immediate reduction of the nasal fold and opening of the nares. Owners noted resolution of stertor and no episodes of respiratory distress. No surgical complications were reported. Conclusions and relevance In brachycephalic cats, the ventral skin fold may be a significant contributor to stenotic nares, unlike dogs. Resection of the skin fold, followed by bilateral single pedicle advancement flaps is a novel technique and appeared to be successful for treating stenotic nares in this series of brachycephalic cats.

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Shurland, Simone M., O. Colin Stine, Richard A. Venezia, Jennifer K. Johnson, Min Zhan, Jon P. Furuno, Ram R. Miller, Tamara Johnson, and Mary-Claire Roghmann. "Colonization Sites of USA300 Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusin Residents of Extended Care Facilities." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 30, no. 4 (April 2009): 313–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/596114.

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Background.The anterior nares are the most sensitive single site for detecting methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) colonization. Colonization patterns of USA300 MRSA colonization are unknown.Objectives.To assess whether residents of extended care facilities who are colonized with USA300 MRSA have different nares or skin colonization findings, compared with residents who are colonized with non-USA300 MRSA strains.Methods.The study population included residents of 5 extended care units in 3 separate facilities who had a recent history of MRSA colonization. Specimens were obtained weekly for surveillance cultures from the anterior nares, perineum, axilla, and skin breakdown (if present) for 3 weeks. MRSA isolates were categorized as USA300 MRSA or non-USA300 MRSA.Results.Of the 193 residents who tested positive for MRSA, 165 were colonized in the anterior nares, and 119 were colonized on their skin. Eighty-four percent of USA300 MRSA-colonized residents had anterior nares colonization, compared with 86% of residents colonized with non-USA300 MRSA (P= .80). Sixty-six percent of USA300 MRSA–colonized residents were colonized on the skin, compared with 59% of residents colonized with non-USA300 MRSA (P= .30).Conclusions.Colonization patterns of USA300 MRSA and non-USA300 MRSA are similar in residents of extended care facilities. Anterior nares cultures will detect most—but not all—people who are colonized with MRSA, regardless of whether it is USA300 or non-USA300 MRSA.

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Sermersheim, Emily Read, Lillian Hall, Lisa Boudreau, Shirley Ambutas, and Barbara Gulczynski. "Reducing Nares Acquired Pressure Injuries “Protect the Nares Because I Care” Project in Adult Inpatients." Journal of Wound, Ostomy & Continence Nursing 48, no. 5 (September 2021): 389–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/won.0000000000000792.

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D’Amato, Peter. "Narcos Anonymous." Dissent 62, no. 1 (2015): 20–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/dss.2015.0014.

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Utesheva, V. A., G. P. Bondareva, A. I. Kryukov, and T. G. Barkhina. "Peculiarities of non-allergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome." Russian Journal of Allergy 12, no. 4 (December 15, 2015): 3–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36691/rja420.

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Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES) is a syndrome containing the symptoms similar to allergic rhinitis, with absence of atopy and the presence of eosinophila more than 20% in smears from nasal mucosa. Pathophysiology of NARES has not been studied completely, but permanent eosinophilic inflammation is the keystone of NARES pathogenesis. This disease is marked by local eosinophilic infiltration without atopy, confirmed by negative skin tests, normal levels of total and specific IgE in serum, negative nasal provocation tests with allergens. Nowadays this nosology is considered to be poorly understood.

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Mergenhagen, Kari A., Kaitlyn E. Starr, Bethany A. Wattengel, Alan J. Lesse, Zarchi Sumon, and John A. Sellick. "Determining the Utility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nares Screening in Antimicrobial Stewardship." Clinical Infectious Diseases 71, no. 5 (October 1, 2019): 1142–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz974.

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Abstract Background Treatment of suspected methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a cornerstone of many antibiotic regimens; however, there is associated toxicity. The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals screen each patient for MRSA nares colonization on admission and transfer. The objective was to determine the negative predictive value (NPV) of MRSA screening in the determination of subsequent positive clinical culture for MRSA. High NPVs with MRSA nares screening may be used as a stewardship tool. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study across VA medical centers nationwide from 1 January 2007 to 1 January 2018. Data from patients with MRSA nares screening were obtained from the VA Corporate Data Warehouse. Subsequent clinical cultures within 7 days of the nares swab were evaluated for the presence of MRSA. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, and NPVs were calculated for the entire cohort as well as subgroups for specific culture sites. Results This cohort yielded 561 325 clinical cultures from a variety of anatomical sites. The sensitivity and specificity for positive MRSA clinical culture were 67.4% and 81.2%, respectively. The NPV of MRSA nares screening for ruling out MRSA infection was 96.5%. The NPV for bloodstream infections was 96.5%, for intraabdominal cultures it was 98.6%, for respiratory cultures it was 96.1%, for wound cultures it was 93.1%, and for cultures from the urinary system it was 99.2%. Conclusion Given the high NPVs, MRSA nares screening may be a powerful stewardship tool for deescalation and avoidance of empirical anti-MRSA therapy.

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MACDONALD, J. D. "SECONDARY EXTERNAL NARES OF THE GANNET." Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 135, no. 3 (August 20, 2009): 357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1960.tb05852.x.

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Sumathi Rajamani, Gobinath Kalyanasundaram, Tamizharasi Sengodan, Sivakumar Thangavelu, Nikhitha K Shanmukhan, and Arun Radhakrishnan. "Hepato & nephro protective effects of naringenin-loaded tpgs polymeric nanosuspension against cisplatin-induced toxicity." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 4 (October 16, 2019): 2755–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i4.1544.

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Cisplatin (Cis-Diammineplatinum (II) dichloride/CIS) is one of the most potent chemotherapeutic agents widely used in treatment of various cancers. Naringenin (NAR), a natural flavonoid, protect against CIS-induced injury in rats without hampering CIS beneficial cytotoxic activity. Even though NAR exhibits therapeutic potency, clinical evolution of the molecule is embarrassed because of very less aqueous solubility which corresponds to low availability at the site of the tumor. In our former analysis, nanosuspension of naringenin (NARNS) was developed by the method of high-pressure homogenization. The study had been continued to evaluate the protective role of D-α-Tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS) coated NARNS, against oxidative stress-induced hepato and nephrotoxicity in male Wistar rats upon CIS treatment. Induction of acute hepato and neprotoxicity was done by intraperitoneal injection (i.p) injection of CIS (7 mg/kg of body weight) and administration of NAR and NARNS. Administration of NARNS virtually suppressed CIS-induced and liver injury evidenced by a reduction of lipid peroxidation level, blood urea nitrogen, serum uric acid, creatinine and elevated enzymatic antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in rats liver tissue. Histological studies substantiated the biochemical parameters. The study suggests that NARNS has strong hepato and nephroprotective effect compared to NAR.

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Aswani, Vijay, Denise M. Tremblay, Sylvain Moineau, and Sanjay K. Shukla. "Staphylococcus epidermidis Bacteriophages from the Anterior Nares of Humans." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 21 (September 16, 2011): 7853–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.05367-11.

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ABSTRACTThe role of virulent bacteriophages in staphylococcal colonization of the human anterior nares is not known. This report of lytic bacteriophages againstStaphylococcus epidermidisin the anterior nares of 5.5% of human subjects (n= 202) suggests their potential role in modulating staphylococcal colonization in this ecological niche.

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Scott, John W., Humberto P. Acevedo, Lisa Sherrill, and Maggie Phan. "Responses of the Rat Olfactory Epithelium to Retronasal Air Flow." Journal of Neurophysiology 97, no. 3 (March 2007): 1941–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.01305.2006.

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Responses of the rat olfactory epithelium were assessed with the electroolfactogram while odorants were presented to the external nares with an artificial sniff or to the internal nares by positive pressure. A series of seven odorants that varied from very polar, hydrophilic odorants to very nonpolar, hydrophobic odorants were used. Although the polar odorants activated the dorsal olfactory epithelium when presented by the external nares (orthonasal presentation), they were not effective when forced through the nasal cavity from the internal nares (retronasal presentation). However, the nonpolar odorants were effective in both stimulus modes. These results were independent of stimulus concentration or of humidity of the carrier air. Similar results were obtained with multiunit recordings from olfactory bulb. These results help to explain why human investigations often report differences in the sensation or ability to discriminate odorants presented orthonasally versus retronasally. The results also strongly support the importance of odorant sorption in normal olfactory processes.

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Mergenhagen, Kari A., Kaitlyn Victor, John Sellick, Bethany A. Wattengel, Zarchi Sumon, and Alan Lesse. "571. Determining the Utility of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nares Screening in Antimicrobial Stewardship." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S269—S270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz360.640.

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Abstract Background Treatment of suspected Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a cornerstone of many antibiotic regimens; however, some anti-MRSA antibiotics are associated with toxicity. The Veterans Affairs (VA) screens each patient on admission for MRSA nares colonization. The objective of this study was to determine whether MRSA nares screening can be used as a stewardship tool for de-escalation as well as avoidance of anti-MRSA therapy. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study across VA medical centers nationwide from January 1, 2007 to January 1, 2018. Data from patients with MRSA nares screening were obtained from the Corporate Data Warehouse. Subsequent clinical cultures within 7 days of the nares swab were evaluated for the presence of MRSA. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPVs), and negative predictive values (NPVs) were calculated for the entire cohort, as well as subgroups for specific culture sites. Cultures were considered to be from a sterile site if they were from a fluid/aspirate, bone, tissue, or blood taken from the periphery. NPVs and PPVs were calculated for each of these sterile sites. Results A total of 447,579 clinical cultures were included in the final analysis. The NPV of MRSA nares screening for ruling out MRSA was 95.7% for all cultures submitted. The sensitivity and specificity for positive clinical cultures were 67.4% and 83%, respectively. The NPV for bloodstream infections (n = 64,128) was 96.2% for intra-abdominal cultures (n = 8,071) was 97.9%, for respiratory cultures (n = 75,242) was 95.3%, for wound cultures (n = 95,832) was 90.4%, and for renal cultures (n = 164,330) was 99.1%. NPVs for sterile sites are as follows: intra-abdominal (n = 7,426) was 98.1%, respiratory (n = 15,583) was 95.2%, wound (n = 51,793) was 91%. Conclusion MRSA nares screening has a high NPV and specificity for ruling out potential MRSA infections at a variety of culture sites including bloodstream, intra-abdominal, respiratory, renal, and wounds. MRSA nares screening is a powerful stewardship tool for de-escalation and avoidance of empirical anti-MRSA therapy. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Zaidan, Noor F., Rachel S. Britt, David Reynoso, and R. Scott Ferren. "87. Utilization of Methicillin-Sensitive/Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nares Screen to Decrease Vancomycin and Linezolid Use in Hospitalized Patients with Respiratory Infections." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.132.

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Abstract Background Pharmacist-driven protocols for utilization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nares screenings have shown to decrease duration of empiric gram-positive therapy and rates of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with respiratory infections. This study evaluated the impact of a pharmacist-driven MRSA nares screening protocol on duration of vancomycin or linezolid therapy (DT) in respiratory infections. Methods Patients aged 18 years and older with a medication order of vancomycin or linezolid for respiratory indication(s) were included. The MRSA nares screening protocol went into effect in October 2019. The protocol allowed pharmacists to order an MRSA nares polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for included patients, while the Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP) made therapeutic recommendations for de-escalation of empiric gram-positive coverage based on negative MRSA nares screenings, if clinically appropriate. Data for the pre-intervention group was collected retrospectively for the months of October 2018 to March 2019. The post-intervention group data was collected prospectively for the months of October 2019 to March 2020. Results Ninety-seven patients were evaluated within both the pre-intervention group (n = 50) and post-intervention group (n = 57). Outcomes for DT (38.2 hours vs. 30.9 hours, P = 0.601) and AKI (20% vs. 14%, P = 0.4105) were not different before and after protocol implementation. A subgroup analysis revealed a significant reduction in DT within the pre- and post-MRSA PCR groups (38.2 hours vs. 24.8 hours, P = 0.0065) when pharmacist recommendations for de-escalation were accepted. Conclusion A pharmacist-driven MRSA nares screening protocol did not affect the duration of gram-positive therapy for respiratory indications. However, there was a reduction in DT when pharmacist-driven recommendations were accepted. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Kim, S. H., D. H. Kim, H. Kang, J. J. Park, S. H. Seong, E. H. Suk, and J. H. Hwang. "Estimation of the nares-to-epiglottis distance and the nares-to-vocal cords distance in young children." British Journal of Anaesthesia 109, no. 5 (November 2012): 816–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bja/aes267.

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LLOYD-SMITH, E., M. W. HULL, D. HAWKINS, S. CHAMPAGNE, T. KERR, and M. G. ROMNEY. "Screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in community-recruited injection drug users: are throat swabs necessary?" Epidemiology and Infection 140, no. 9 (December 13, 2011): 1721–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268811002421.

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SUMMARYWe examined and described colonization of MRSA in the anterior nares and throat from 184 community-recruited injection drug users. Thirty-seven (20%) were positive for MRSA: most (34, 92%) were carriers in the nares; while only three (8%) were carriers detected by throat swabs alone. The majority (29, 78%) of MRSA isolates were PVL positive.

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Livorsi, Daniel J., Sana Arif, Patricia Garry, Madan G. Kundu, Sarah W. Satola, Thomas H. Davis, Byron Batteiger, and Amy B. Kressel. "Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Nasal Real-Time PCR: A Predictive Tool for Contamination of the Hospital Environment." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 36, no. 1 (January 2015): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2014.16.

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OBJECTIVEWe sought to determine whether the bacterial burden in the nares, as determined by the cycle threshold (CT) value from real-time MRSA PCR, is predictive of environmental contamination with MRSA.METHODSPatients identified as MRSA nasal carriers per hospital protocol were enrolled within 72 hours of room admission. Patients were excluded if (1) nasal mupirocin or chlorhexidine body wash was used within the past month or (2) an active MRSA infection was suspected. Four environmental sites, 6 body sites and a wound, if present, were cultured with premoistened swabs. All nasal swabs were submitted for both a quantitative culture and real-time PCR (Roche Lightcycler, Indianapolis, IN).RESULTSAt study enrollment, 82 patients had a positive MRSA-PCR. A negative correlation of moderate strength was observed between the CT value and the number of MRSA colonies in the nares (r=−0.61; P<0.01). Current antibiotic use was associated with lower levels of MRSA nasal colonization (CT value, 30.2 vs 27.7; P<0.01). Patients with concomitant environmental contamination had a higher median log MRSA nares count (3.9 vs 2.5, P=0.01) and lower CT values (28.0 vs 30.2; P<0.01). However, a ROC curve was unable to identify a threshold MRSA nares count that reliably excluded environmental contamination.CONCLUSIONSPatients with a higher burden of MRSA in their nares, based on the CT value, were more likely to contaminate their environment with MRSA. However, contamination of the environment cannot be predicted solely by the degree of MRSA nasal colonization.

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Salih, Lavin, Staffan Tevell, Emeli Månsson, Åsa Nilsdotter-Augustinsson, Bengt Hellmark, and Bo Söderquist. "Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from nares and prosthetic joint infections are mupirocin susceptible." Journal of Bone and Joint Infection 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/jbji.22459.

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Abstract. The objective of the present study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility including mupirocin among Staphylococcus. epidermidis isolated from prosthetic joint infections (PJIs) (n=183) and nasal isolates (n=75) from patients intended to undergo prosthetic joint replacements. Susceptibility to mupirocin (used for eradication of nasal carriership of Staphylococcus aureus) was investigated by gradient test, and susceptibility to various other antimicrobial agents was investigated by disc diffusion test. All isolates, except three from PJIs and one from the nares, were fully susceptible to mupirocin. Multi-drug resistance (≥3 antibiotic classes) was found in 154/183 (84.2%) of the PJI isolates but only in 2/75 (2.7%) of the nares isolates, indicating that S. epidermidis causing PJIs do not originate from the nares.

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Barbosa, Anna A., Kim Chapin, and Leonard A. Mermel. "Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization of House Officers." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 30, no. 9 (September 2009): 913–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/599775.

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We performed a prospective prevalence survey of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage in the nares of 50 medical and 50 surgical house officers. None of the 50 internal medicine house officers and 5 of the 50 general surgery house officers had MRSA nares colonization (P = .03). None of the MRSA isolates recovered from the surgical house officers were identical.

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Hanson, B. M., A. E. Kates, S. M. O'Malley, E. Mills, L. A. Herwaldt, J. C. Torner, J. D. Dawson, et al. "Staphylococcus aureusin the nose and throat of Iowan families." Epidemiology and Infection 146, no. 14 (June 22, 2018): 1777–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268818001644.

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AbstractThe study objective was to determine the prevalence ofStaphylococcus aureuscolonisation in the nares and oropharynx of healthy persons and identify any risk factors associated with suchS. aureuscolonisation. In total 263 participants (177 adults and 86 minors) comprising 95 families were enrolled in a year-long prospective cohort study from one urban and one rural county in eastern Iowa, USA, through local newspaper advertisements and email lists and through the Keokuk Rural Health Study. Potential risk factors including demographic factors, medical history, farming and healthcare exposure were assessed. Among the participants, 25.4% of adults and 36.1% minors carriedS. aureusin their nares and 37.9% of adults carried it in their oropharynx. The overall prevalence was 44.1% among adults and 36.1% for minors. Having at least one positive environmental site forS. aureusin the family home was associated with colonisation (prevalence ratio: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07–1.66). The sensitivity of the oropharyngeal cultures was greater than that of the nares cultures (86.1% compared with 58.2%, respectively). In conclusion, the nares and oropharynx are both important colonisation sites for healthy community members and the presence ofS. aureusin the home environment is associated with an increased probability of colonisation.

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Abdul Halim, Nabila Huda, Nur Syarafina Mohd Zahir, Nor Munirah Mohd Amin, and Hanani Ahmad Yusof @ Hanafi. "Distribution of Hyaluronidase-producing Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolated from Palm Skin and Anterior Nares of Healthy Malaysian Adults." Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences 5, no. 1 (June 23, 2020): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/jchs.v5i1.9820.

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Introduction: The distribution of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis among Malaysian healthy adults and their capability to produce enzyme hyaluronidase are less reported. Hyaluronidase degrade hyaluronic acid in animal connective tissue and facilitate bacterial spreading in host body. This study aims to identify the distribution of both Staphylococci species in healthy subject, the hyaluronidase producer among the isolates and the association of the latter with site of isolation (palm skin and anterior nares) and gender ofthe host. Methods: A total of 108 swab samples were collected from anterior nares and palm of 54 healthy subjects. The bacteria were identified through microscopic and biochemical tests, before screened for hyaluronidase production using hyaluronic acid diffusion rapid plate method. Results: Total of 139 bacterial isolates were identified; 68 isolates are S. aureus, 63 S. epidermidis and 8 other bacterial species. Staphylococcus aureus was highly isolated from palm (57%) than anterior nares (47%). On the contrary for S. epidermidis was highly isolated from anterior nares (53%) than from palm skin (43%). Equal proportion was found for both species in male and female subject. A total of 77 (59%) isolates produced hyaluronidase; 55%are S. aureus and 45% are S. epidermidis. Hyaluronidase-producer isolates are equally found between anterior nares (56%) and palm skin (61%) or male (57%) and female subject (60%) regardless of Staphylococcal species. No significant value was recorded for any analysis. Conclusion: Capability of commensal S. aureus and S. epidermidis isolated from healthy subject to produce hyaluronidase may indicate their potential as opportunistic pathogen whenever the opportunity arises in any way.

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Gillard, Michael. "Beating the narcos." Nursing Standard 7, no. 33 (May 5, 1993): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.7.33.18.s39.

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Bauer-Delto, Angelika. "Microneedling bessert Narben." Der Deutsche Dermatologe 64, no. 10 (October 2016): 744–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15011-016-1039-4.

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Lakatos, Artúr Lóránd. "A „magyar narancs”." Belvedere Meridionale 27, no. 4 (2015): 156–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14232/belv.2015.4.13.

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Wagner, Justinus A. "Therapie pathologischer Narben." JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft 11, no. 12 (November 24, 2013): 1139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ddg.12209_suppl.

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Ferrari, Mariano. "Música de Narcos." Metal, no. 6 (July 26, 2020): e018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24215/4516643e018.

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Las series se han convertido en uno de los formatos audiovisuales más populares de nuestros tiempos y la música —que forma parte de ellas— en un lenguaje que aporta desde lo simbólico como elemento narrativo y comunicacional fundamental. Este artículo propone un análisis en torno a la relación entre los elementos musicales, sonoros y semánticos de la música de la serie estadounidense Narcos y la reproducción de estereotipos socioculturales vinculados al imaginario cultural de lo latinoamericano.

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Emmerich, F. P. "Wunden?Narben?Keloid." Trauma und Berufskrankheit 6, S04 (October 2004): S468—S470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10039-003-0843-8.

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Herzog, M. "Wunden, Narben, Keloide." Trauma und Berufskrankheit 6, S04 (October 2004): S471—S478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10039-003-0810-4.

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Gauglitz, G. G., J. Pötschke, and M. T. Clementoni. "Laser und Narben." Der Hautarzt 69, no. 1 (November 7, 2017): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00105-017-4072-7.

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Pickl, Susanne. "Unschöne Narben vermeiden." ästhetische dermatologie & kosmetologie 8, no. 4 (August 2016): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12634-016-5314-x.

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Gauglitz, Gerd G., Julian Pötschke, and Matteo Clementoni. "Laser und Narben." ästhetische dermatologie & kosmetologie 10, no. 4 (August 2018): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12634-018-5561-0.

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Durani, Benjamin. "Lasertherapie bei Narben." ästhetische dermatologie & kosmetologie 12, no. 1 (February 2020): 30–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12634-020-1011-x.

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M'Raihi, M. L., A. Djemel, S. Ladjimi, S. Ben Khamsa, and M. Zegaya. "La rhinite non allergique avec éosinophilie (NARES)." Revue Française d'Allergologie et d'Immunologie Clinique 28, no. 3 (July 1988): 225–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0335-7457(88)80031-5.

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Klemens, C., D. Liebl, E. Pfrogner, F. Jund, and M. Kramer. "Nares: Local Cytokine Pattern in Nasal Secretions." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 117, no. 2 (February 2006): S72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2005.12.288.

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Popper, Arthur N., Robert J. Dooling, and Richard Fay. "Peter Narins impact on non-amphibian animal bioacoustics." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 148, no. 4 (October 2020): 2555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.5147091.

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