Journal articles: 'Nappies'

1

Thomas, David. "Takeaway nappies." Nursing Standard 11, no. 37 (June 4, 1997): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.11.37.20.s31.

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Bernshaw, Nicole. "Of Diapers and Nappies." Journal of Human Lactation 13, no. 1 (March 1997): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089033449701300110.

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Dillon-Malone, Aubrey, Maeve Binchy, Francis Molloy, and Veronica Geoghegan Sweeney. "The Shopping and the Nappies." Books Ireland, no. 95 (1985): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20625583.

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4

Sovell, Paul J. "Urine collection from disposable nappies." Annals of Emergency Medicine 21, no. 2 (February 1992): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0196-0644(05)80183-0.

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5

HEAL, C. "Other implications of disposable nappies." Archives of Disease in Childhood 85, no. 3 (September 1, 2001): 268d—268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.85.3.268d.

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6

Dixon, John, and Margaret Wetherell. "On Discourse and Dirty Nappies." Theory & Psychology 14, no. 2 (April 2004): 167–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354304042015.

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7

Williams, D. G., S. Richmond, and M. Massam. "Disposable nappies--a cautionary tale." Archives of Disease in Childhood 63, no. 8 (August 1, 1988): 997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.63.8.997-b.

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8

Ahmad, T., D. Vickers, S. Campbell, M. G. Coulthard, and S. Pedler. "Urine collection from disposable nappies." Lancet 338, no. 8768 (September 1991): 674–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)91242-m.

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9

Björklund, L. J., Vitas Dargis, Robert Chen, David Brown, Giancarlo Viberti, Harry Keen, James Walker, Nigel Masters, and I. Blumenthal. "Urine collection from disposable nappies." Lancet 338, no. 8774 (October 1991): 1077–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0140-6736(91)91933-l.

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10

Li, FrederickP, MargaretG Dreyfus, and KarenH Antman. "ASBESTOS-CONTAMINATED NAPPIES AND FAMILIAL MESOTHELIOMA." Lancet 333, no. 8643 (April 1989): 909–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(89)92916-4.

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11

Oddie, S. "Measurement of urine output by weighing nappies." Archives of Disease in Childhood - Fetal and Neonatal Edition 89, no. 2 (March 1, 2004): 180F—181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.2002.018853.

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12

Crilly, M. A. "Escherichia coli O157 causes blood stained nappies." BMJ 345, aug24 1 (August 24, 2012): e5627-e5627. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e5627.

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13

Turner, Alfred. "Now nappies are designed for developmental stages." British Journal of Midwifery 9, no. 5 (May 2001): 324–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2001.9.5.12703.

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14

Zagklis, Dimitris, Marina Papadionysiou, Konstantina Tsigkou, Panagiota Tsafrakidou, Constantina Zafiri, and Michael Kornaros. "Effect of pH on the Economic Potential of Dark Fermentation Products from Used Disposable Nappies and Expired Food Products." Applied Sciences 11, no. 9 (April 30, 2021): 4099. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11094099.

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Used disposable nappies constitute a waste stream that has no established treatment method. The purpose of this study was the assessment of the dark fermentation of used disposable nappies and expired food products under different pH values. The biodegradable part of the used disposable nappies was recovered and co-fermented with expired food products originating from supermarkets. The recoverable economic potential of the process was examined for different volatile fatty acids exploitation schemes and process pH values. The process pH strongly affected the products, with optimum hydrogen production at pH 6 (4.05 NLH2/Lreactor), while the amount of produced volatile fatty acids was maximized at pH 7 (13.44 g/L). Hydrogen production was observed at pH as low as pH 4.5 (2.66 NLH2/Lreactor). The recoverable economic potential was maximized at two different pH values, with the first being pH 4.5 with minimum NaOH addition requirements (181, 138, and 296 EUR/ton VS of substrate for valorization of volatile fatty acids through microbial fuel cell, biodiesel production, and anaerobic digestion, respectively) and the second being pH 6, where the hydrogen production was maximized with the simultaneous production of high amounts of volatile fatty acids (191, 142, and 339 EUR/ton VS of substrate respectively).

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Linnane, Eithne, Richard Roberts, and Nick Looker. "Nappies and transmission of Giardia lamblia between children." Lancet 358, no. 9280 (August 2001): 507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(01)05646-x.

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16

Edwards, A., J. van der Voort, R. Newcombe, H. Thayer, and K. Verrier Jones. "A urine analysis method suitable for children's nappies." Journal of Clinical Pathology 50, no. 7 (July 1, 1997): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jcp.50.7.569.

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17

Short, Tim, and Joan Harvey. "Lightbulbs and nappies: sustainable development and customer perceptions." International Journal of Sustainable Design 1, no. 1 (2008): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijsdes.2008.017054.

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18

MITAKAKIS, T. Z., R. WOLFE, M. I. SINCLAIR, C. K. FAIRLEY, K. LEDER, and M. E. HELLARD. "Dietary intake and domestic food preparation and handling as risk factors for gastroenteritis: a case-control study." Epidemiology and Infection 132, no. 4 (July 9, 2004): 601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268804002365.

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Cases of gastroenteritis were examined to identify if dietary intake prior to an episode and food-handling and storage practices in the home were risk factors for illness. Cases and controls completed a dietary questionnaire after an event or when well, and questionnaires concerning food-handling, storage and general food-hygiene practices. Comparing cases to themselves when well, subjects were more likely to have eaten cold sliced salami, fried rice and foods cooked elsewhere, and to have had a baby in nappies in the house (OR 1·52–6·24, P[les ]0·01). Cases compared to non-cases were more likely to have bought frozen poultry, have eaten foods cooked elsewhere and to have had a baby in nappies in the house (OR 1·44–2·05, P[les ]0·01). Although food-handling and storage practices are considered important, we were unable to detect an association in this study.

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19

Raimer, S. "Disposable nappies for preventing napkin dermatitis in infants (Review)." Yearbook of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery 2007 (January 2007): 65–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0093-3619(08)70358-7.

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20

Partsch, C.-J. "Scrotal temperature is increased in disposable plastic lined nappies." Archives of Disease in Childhood 83, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.83.4.364.

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21

Tsigkou, Konstantina, Panagiota Tsafrakidou, Constantina Zafiri, Amaia Soto Beobide, and Michael Kornaros. "Pretreatment of used disposable nappies: Super absorbent polymer deswelling." Waste Management 112 (July 2020): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.028.

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22

Yokura, Hiroko, and Masako Niwa. "Objective hand evaluation of non‐wovens used for nappies." International Journal of Clothing Science and Technology 9, no. 3 (August 1997): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09556229710168333.

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23

Gouyon, J. B., N. Sonveau, P. d'Athis, and B. Chaillot. "Accuracy of urine output measurement with regular disposable nappies." Pediatric Nephrology 8, no. 1 (February 1994): 88–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00868278.

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24

ITURRIZA-GÓMARA, M., A. J. ELLIOT, C. DOCKERY, D. M. FLEMING, and J. J. GRAY. "Structured surveillance of infectious intestinal disease in pre-school children in the community: ‘The Nappy Study’." Epidemiology and Infection 137, no. 7 (November 19, 2008): 922–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268808001556.

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SUMMARYThe incidence and causes of infectious intestinal disease (IID) in children aged <5 years presenting to general practitioners (GPs) were estimated. During a 12-month period, soiled nappies were collected from children presenting with symptoms suggestive of IID in a network of 65 GPs located across England. Molecular methods were used to detect a range of enteric pathogens including viruses, bacteria and parasites. Genotyping was performed on rotavirus and norovirus isolates. A total of 583 nappies were collected from 554 children; a pathogen was detected in 361 (62%) specimens. In the 43 practices 1584 new episodes of IID were recorded in a population averaging 19774; the specimen capture rate was 28%. IID incidence peaked during March and April. Norovirus (24·5%), rotavirus (19·0%) and sapovirus (12·7%) were most commonly detected, and mixed infections were detected in 11·7% of cases. Strain characterization revealed G1P[8] (65·8%), G4P[4] (8·1%) and G9P[8] (8·1%) as the most common rotavirus genotypes, similar to the UK national distribution. GII-3 (42·9%) and GII-4 (39·7%) were the most common norovirus genotypes; this was significantly different (P<0·005) to the national distribution.

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Moller, H. "Testicular cancer risk in relation to use of disposable nappies." Archives of Disease in Childhood 86, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/adc.86.1.28.

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26

Pendry, Louise F., Avril J. Mewse, and Carole B. Burgoyne. "Environmentally friendly parenting: are cloth nappies a step too far?" Young Consumers 13, no. 1 (March 9, 2012): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17473611211203902.

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27

Zhoukova, O. A., I. I. Balasheva, T. A. Nagayeva, L. G. Ogarkova, A. V. Nagaitsev, and N. N. Filonenko. "Markers of a dermal barrier lipid structure in newborn children." Bulletin of Siberian Medicine 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2006): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.20538/1682-0363-2006-3-14-18.

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Study results of neutral lipids of superficial hydro-lipid film (SHLF) in healthy newborns ( n = 46), in the children with severe allergic history ( n = 29), in newborns with toxic erythema ( n = 34) and nappies dermatitis ( n = 29) are presented in the article. The study is performed using thin-layer chromatography. Marked changes in lipid structure of dermal SHLF in all children in comparison with controls are revealed which needs further observation and correction.

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28

Thorpe, Miranda. "The Psychological Advantages of Enhanced Sensitive Attunement Through Nappy-Free Elimination Communication." Ata: Journal of Psychotherapy Aotearoa New Zealand 18, no. 2 (December 31, 2014): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.9791/ajpanz.2014.12.

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The emotional and environmental impact of transitioning from a nappy-free culture to a society dependent on disposable nappies comes at a cost. After a seven-month “baby observation” travelling through Asia, my hypothesis is that the traditional indigenous method of managing the baby’s elimination enhances attunement, bonding, and attachment, and when the child feels held in mind by the mother in this way he is more emotionally regulated and somatically connected. However, the exponential use of disposable nappies may be our blind spot where neither the dangers to the psychological and physical health of the future generation, nor to the planet, are being held in mind. Waitara He utu ka tau ki te taha kare-ā-roto, taha pūtaiao mai i te whakawhitinga i tētahi ahurei kope pātea ki tētahi hapori whakamau kope whiu. I muri mai i te mātakitakinga kōhungahunga i te haerērētanga i Āhia, e whakapae ana au nā te tikanga whakahaere whakaputa para a te kōhungahunga ka hōhonu kē ake te piri te pirihonga, ā, inā rongo te tamaiti i te pēnei o tōna mau ki tōna whāea ka mauri tau ake te atoato. Heoi anō, ko te mahi tautokonga mau kope whiu pea tō tātou whakapuranga kanohi inā te kore e whakaaro ake ki ngā tūpatonga ki te oranga hinengaro oranga tinana ki ngā rēanga o anamata, tae atu hoki ki a Papatuanuku.

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HOQUE, M. E., V. T. HOPE, R. SCRAGG, and T. KJELLSTRÖM. "Children at risk of giardiasis in Auckland: a case–control analysis." Epidemiology and Infection 131, no. 1 (August 2003): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268803008598.

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The incidence rate of giardiasis in New Zealand is one of the highest among developed countries, peaking in the 1–4 year age group. A case–control study was undertaken to identify risk factors for giardiasis among Auckland children under 5 years of age. The exposure history of 69 cases and 98 controls were analysed. Ninety-five per cent cases and 86% controls used water from the Auckland Metropolitan mains (AMM) supply for domestic purpose, 44 cases and 42 controls swam and 59 cases and 54 controls wore nappies. Children wearing nappies were at significantly increased risk of the disease (OR=3·0, 95% CI=1·01–8·9), as were those from households which had more than one child wearing a nappy (6·5, 1·8–23·4). The Auckland metropolitan mains water supply was associated with a reduced risk compared to other drinking water sources. Significantly increased risks were also associated with drinking water consumed away from home (4·7, 2·2–10·1), swimming at least once a week (2·4, 1·1–5·3) and travelling domestically (2·5, 1·03–6·0). The study identified vulnerable groups and modifiable risk factors for diarrhoeal diseases, particularly Giardia infection. Nappy wearing was an independent risk factor for infection. Further study is advocated to ensure better protection of public health, especially for children.

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Dalilla, Faizan, Mursyidah Umar, and Abrar Ridwan. "Estimasi Kandungan Degadable Organic Carbon (DOC) pada Sampah Padat Kota yang masuk ke TPA Tanjung Belit di Kota Pasir Pangaraian Provinsi Riau." SPECTA Journal of Technology 1, no. 1 (November 27, 2019): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35718/specta.v1i1.73.

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Degradable Organic Carbon (DOC) is the important element in forming CH4 in a pile of garbage in the landfill. The calculation of the potential of methane (CH4) in the landfill become the basis for control and management of GHG sourced from landfill. Estimated value of the content of DOC used calculating the weight of municipal solid waste that goes into landfill every day, counting the value of the fraction of the composition and content of dry matter of municipal solid waste by 11 components of garbage (food, paper / cardboard, gardens and parks, nappies, wood, textiles, rubber / leather, plastic, glass, metal and sampahlain etc.), to further multiplied by the fraction of a default value content of DOC in each component of trash and garbage in total. The calculations show that the total weight of waste that goes to landfill every day at 14594.05 kg / day with the largest waste composition in the form of junk food at 49.54%, followed by plastic waste (13.76%) and the smallest is junk metal composition by 1.18%. As for the fraction of the dry matter of the highest value was found in the garbage rubber / leather by 95.31%, followed by wood waste amounted to 78.61% and the smallest value was found in the garbage nappies by 17.43% and 21.23% of food waste. Based on calculations using the value of the total garbage in, the fraction of the composition and the fraction of dry material content and the fraction of DOC.

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31

Sachweh, Svenja. "Granny darling's nappies: Secondary babytalk in German nursing homes for the aged." Journal of Applied Communication Research 26, no. 1 (February 1998): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00909889809365491.

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32

Heckmann, Matthias, Michaela F. Hartmann, Birgit Kampschulte, Heike Gack, Rolf-Hasso Bödeker, Ludwig Gortner, and Stefan A. Wudy. "Assessing Cortisol Production in Preterm Infants: Do Not Dispose of the Nappies." Pediatric Research 57, no. 3 (March 2005): 412–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1203/01.pdr.0000153947.51642.c1.

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33

Anastopoulos, Ioannis, Jelena V. Milojković, Konstantina Tsigkou, Constantina Zafiri, Zorica R. Lopičić, Michael Kornaros, and Ioannis Pashalidis. "A nappies management by-product for the treatment of uranium-contaminated waters." Journal of Hazardous Materials 404 (February 2021): 124147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124147.

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34

Tsigkou, Konstantina, Panagiota Tsafrakidou, Dimitris Zagklis, Anastasios Panagiotouros, Dimitris Sionakidis, Dimitris Marios Zontos, Constantina Zafiri, and Michael Kornaros. "Used disposable nappies and expired food products co-digestion: A pilot-scale system assessment." Renewable Energy 165 (March 2021): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.11.013.

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35

Badon, Sylvia, Jessica Dietch, Joshua Tutek, Natalie Solomon, Norah Simpson, and Rachel Manber. "330 Characteristics Associated with Napping Among Pregnant Women with Insomnia." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.329.

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Abstract Introduction Napping is common in pregnant women; however, characteristics associated with napping in pregnant women with insomnia have not been studied. Methods We used baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of insomnia treatment during pregnancy for this cross-sectional analysis (n=159). Women self-reported sociodemographic characteristics (age, race/ethnicity, education, income, employment), pregnancy-related characteristics (parity, trimester), sleep-related characteristics (7-day sleep diary including total napping time per day, Insomnia Severity Index), and depression symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale). Women were categorized as non-nappers (0 days with napping), infrequent nappers (1–3 days with napping), and frequent nappers (≥4 days with napping). Characteristics were compared across napping categories using descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression. Results Eighteen percent of women were frequent nappers, 53% were infrequent nappers, and 30% were non-nappers. Average time spent napping on days with naps was 67 minutes (SD=35). In unadjusted analyses, frequent nappers were more likely to have a high school diploma or less (36% vs 19%), be unemployed (57% vs 41%), and be nulliparous (21% vs 13%) than non-nappers. Infrequent nappers were more likely to have a 4-year college degree (32% vs 11%), have a household income $100k or more (58% vs 45%), be working full time (51% vs 39%), and be nulliparous (26% vs 13%) than non-nappers. Age, race/ethnicity, trimester, sleep-related characteristics, and depression symptoms were similar across napping categories. In analyses adjusted for education and trimester, being unemployed (OR=3.6; 95% CI: 0.8, 15.4), working part time (OR=2.3; 95% CI: 0.5, 11.2), and nulliparity (OR=2.4; 95% CI: 0.4, 14.6) were most strongly associated with frequent napping (though confidence intervals were wide) but were not associated with infrequent napping. Sleep-related characteristics were not associated with frequent or infrequent napping in adjusted analyses. Conclusion Among pregnant women with insomnia, frequent napping was associated with characteristics that suggest greater feasibility of napping (not working, working part time, pregnant with first child), but was not associated with nocturnal sleep parameters or insomnia severity. Given napping can reduce homeostatic sleep drive at bedtime, it should be addressed during insomnia treatment in pregnant women, particularly among women with greater opportunity to nap. Support (if any) National Institutes of Health (K99HD100585, R01NR013662)

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Tzuang, M., J. T. Owusu, J. Huang, O. C. Sheehan, G. W. Rebok, J. Kasper, and A. P. Spira. "0844 Links of Napping With Subsequent All-Cause Hospitalizations and Emergency Department Visits in Older Adults." Sleep 43, Supplement_1 (April 2020): A321—A322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.840.

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Abstract Introduction Few studies have examined whether napping is associated with objective measures of health services use. We investigated links of napping characteristics with all-cause hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits in Medicare claims from a nationally representative sample of older adults. Methods Participants were 869 community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries aged ≥65 years from Round 3 (2013) and Round 4 (2014) of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) who had continuous fee-for-service coverage 1 year before and after the NHATS interview. Participants reported past-month napping frequency (re-categorized as non-nappers, infrequent nappers, frequent nappers), napping type (intentional, unintentional), and nap duration. Outcomes were from linked Medicare claims measured after napping assessment: all-cause ED visits and hospitalizations (yes vs. no), and number of hospitalizations and ED visits. Results Overall, 45.4% of participants were nappers, and 55.2% of the nappers reported taking unintentional naps. After adjustment for demographics, depressive/anxiety symptoms, medical comorbidities and BMI, compared with non-nappers, infrequent and frequent nappers had a higher odds of hospitalization (odds ratio (OR)=1.65 and 1.73, respectively, both p<0.05), as did unintentional nappers (OR=1.85, p<0.05). We found no significant adjusted associations of napping frequency with ED visits. However, compared with non-nappers, unintentional nappers had a higher odds of visiting the ED (OR=1.94, p<0.01). Additionally, compared to nappers taking short naps (≤30 minutes), those with naps >60 minutes had a greater number of ED visits (Incidence Rate Ratio=1.99, p<0.05). Conclusion Among older adults, napping—and particularly unintentional napping—may be a modifiable risk factor for health services use. More studies that consider multiple napping characteristics (e.g., duration, frequency), and using objective measures (e.g., actigraphy), are needed to advance understanding of how napping might influence health services use. Support National Institute on Aging: R01AG050507 & R01AG050507-02S (PI: Spira); F31-AG058389; U01AG032947 (PI: Kasper) for the National Health and Aging Trends Study. Johns Hopkins Center on Aging and Health Data Use Agreement (PI: Roth, Co-I: Sheehan) with Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services titled, “Potentially modifiable factors influencing outcomes in NHATS.”

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Spitz, Richard, Arthur Bauville, Jean-Luc Epard, Boris J. P. Kaus, Anton A. Popov, and Stefan M. Schmalholz. "Control of 3-D tectonic inheritance on fold-and-thrust belts: insights from 3-D numerical models and application to the Helvetic nappe system." Solid Earth 11, no. 3 (June 17, 2020): 999–1026. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-11-999-2020.

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Abstract. We apply three-dimensional (3-D) thermo-mechanical numerical simulations of the shortening of the upper crustal region of a passive margin in order to investigate the control of 3-D laterally variable inherited structures on fold-and-thrust belt evolution and associated nappe formation. We consider tectonic inheritance by employing an initial model configuration with basement horst and graben structures having laterally variable geometry and with sedimentary layers having different mechanical strength. We use a visco-plastic rheology with a temperature-dependent flow law and a Drucker–Prager yield criterion. The models show the folding, detachment (shearing off) and horizontal transport of sedimentary units, which resemble structures of fold and thrust nappes. The models further show the stacking of nappes. The detachment of nappe-like structures is controlled by the initial basement and sedimentary layer geometry. Significant horizontal transport is facilitated by weak sedimentary units below these nappes. The initial half-graben geometry has a strong impact on the basement and sediment deformation. Generally, deeper half-grabens generate thicker nappes and stronger deformation of the neighbouring horst, while shallower half-grabens generate thinner nappes and less deformation in the horst. Horizontally continuous strong sediment layers, which are not restricted to initial graben structures, cause detachment (décollement) folding and not overthrusting. The amplitude of the detachment folds is controlled by the underlying graben geometry. A mechanically weaker basement favours the formation of fold nappes, while stronger basement favours thrust sheets. The model configuration is motivated by applying the 3-D model to the Helvetic nappe system of the Central Alps of France and Switzerland. Our model reproduces several first-order features of this nappe system, namely (1) closure of a half-graben and associated formation of the Morcles and Doldenhorn nappes, (2) overthrusting of a nappe resembling the Wildhorn and Glarus nappes, and (3) formation of a nappe pile resembling the Helvetic nappes resting above the Infrahelvetic complex. Furthermore, the finite strain pattern, temperature distribution and timing of the 3-D model is in broad agreement with data from the Helvetic nappe system. Our model, hence, provides a 3-D reconstruction of the first-order tectonic evolution of the Helvetic nappe system. Moreover, we do not apply any strain softening mechanisms. Strain localization, folding and nappe transport are controlled by initial geometrical and mechanical heterogeneities showing the fundamental importance of tectonic inheritance on fold-and-thrust belt evolution.

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Tsigkou, Konstantina, Panagiota Tsafrakidou, Alexandros Kopsahelis, Dimitris Zagklis, Constantina Zafiri, and Michael Kornaros. "Used disposable nappies and expired food products valorisation through one- & two-stage anaerobic co-digestion." Renewable Energy 147 (March 2020): 610–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.09.028.

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39

Tsigkou, Konstantina, Dimitris Zagklis, Panagiota Tsafrakidou, Constantina Zafiri, and Michael Kornaros. "Composting of anaerobic sludge from the co-digestion of used disposable nappies and expired food products." Waste Management 118 (December 2020): 655–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2020.09.024.

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Zagklis, Dimitris, Konstantina Tsigkou, Panagiota Tsafrakidou, Constantina Zafiri, and Michael Kornaros. "Life cycle assessment of the anaerobic co-digestion of used disposable nappies and expired food products." Journal of Cleaner Production 304 (July 2021): 127118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127118.

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41

Shen, Yuqi, Darlynn Rojo-Wissar, Katherine Duggan, Brant Hasler, and Adam Spira. "546 Association of personality traits with napping behaviors in older adults." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (May 1, 2021): A215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.544.

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Abstract Introduction Greater neuroticism and lower conscientiousness are linked to poorer nighttime sleep among older adults, but little is known about the association between personality and daytime sleep. Napping increases in older adulthood, and napping has been linked to health outcomes, including cognitive impairment. Thus, it is important to extend personality and sleep research to investigate napping behavior. We examined the association between personality and napping in a nationally representative cohort of older adults. Methods We studied 742 adults aged ≥65 years from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) who completed the sleep and personality modules in NHATS rounds 3 or 4 (2013–2014). Personality dimensions (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness) were assessed by the Midlife Development Inventory Personality Scales. Participants reported nap frequency over the past month (most days or everyday [nappers-frequent]; some days [nappers-infrequent]; rarely/never [non-nappers]); napping intention (intentional/unintentional); and average nap duration (coded as ≤40 minutes [short]; and >40 minutes [long], consistent with previous studies). Personality dimensions were included together in all models. Model 1 adjusted for age, sex, education, and BMI, and Model 2 further adjusted for anxiety and depression, comorbidities, sleep medications, and nighttime sleep duration. Only nappers were included in models with nap frequency, intention, or duration as outcomes (n=387). Results There were no personality differences between nappers and non-nappers. Among nappers, however, higher neuroticism was associated with lower odds of frequent naps (OR=0.73, 95% CI: 0.55,0.97), and higher agreeableness was associated with greater odds of unintentional napping (OR=1.95, 95% CI:1.12, 3.41) and lower odds of long nap duration (OR=0.54, 95% CI:0.33, 0.90) in Model 1. Associations remained in Model 2. Higher neuroticism was also associated with greater odds of long nap duration in Model 1 (OR=1.40, 95% CI:1.03, 1.91), but not after further adjustment in Model 2. Conclusion This is, to our knowledge, the first study examining the association between personality and daytime napping behaviors among a large sample of older adults, extending the literature on personality and nighttime sleep in this population. Because napping behaviors are associated with health outcomes, personality may be an important factor to consider in interventions addressing napping. Support (if any) NIH grant 5T32MH014592-39

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Foscolou, Alexandra, Nathan M. D’Cunha, Nenad Naumovski, Stefanos Tyrovolas, Loukianos Rallidis, Antonia-Leda Matalas, Evangelos Polychronopoulos, Labros S. Sidossis, and Demosthenes Panagiotakos. "Midday Napping and Successful Aging in Older People Living in the Mediterranean Region: The Epidemiological Mediterranean Islands Study (MEDIS)." Brain Sciences 10, no. 1 (December 26, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10010014.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between midday napping, sleeping hours, and successful aging among 2564 older (65+ years) individuals living in the insular Mediterranean region. Anthropometric, clinical, and socio-demographic characteristics, dietary habits, and lifestyle parameters were derived through standard procedures, while successful aging was evaluated using the validated Successful Aging Index (SAI; range 0–10). Of the 2564 participants, 74% reported midday napping. The SAI score was 2.9/10 for non-midday nappers vs. 3.5/10 for midday nappers (p = 0.001). Midday nappers were more likely to be physically active (p = 0.01) and to have higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p = 0.02) compared to non-midday nappers. In a fully adjusted model, midday nappers had 6.7% higher SAI score compared to the rest (p < 0.001), and the effect of midday napping was more prominent among males and participants 80+ years of age. Further analysis indicated a significant U-shaped trend between sleeping hours/day and SAI score (p < 0.001), with 8–9 h total of sleep/day, midday napping included, proposed as optimal in achieving the best SAI score. Midday napping seems to be a beneficial habit that should be promoted and encouraged in older people.

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Silva-Costa, Aline, Rosane Härter Griep, and Lúcia Rotenberg. "Night work and BMI: is it related to on-shift napping?" Revista de Saúde Pública 51 (November 24, 2017): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2017051007094.

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On-shift napping can benefit night workers regarding sleep loss, synchronization of circadian rhythms, and alertness. However, few studies on napping can be found in the literature focused on possible health benefits. This cross-sectional study has investigated the role of on-shift napping on the association between night work and BMI in 409 night-shift nursing professionals. The number of working nights and the years of exposure to night work were significantly associated with increased BMI levels among non-nappers, but not among nappers. Results suggest a benefit of napping for weight gain, thus subsidizing occupational health policies on the regulation of on-shift napping among nursing workers.

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COLEMAN, B. L., M. I. SALVADORI, A. J. McGEER, K. A. SIBLEY, N. F. NEUMANN, S. J. BONDY, I. A. GUTMANIS, et al. "The role of drinking water in the transmission of antimicrobial-resistantE. coli." Epidemiology and Infection 140, no. 4 (June 23, 2011): 633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268811001038.

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SUMMARYTo determine whether drinking water contaminated with antimicrobial-resistantE. coliis associated with the carriage of resistantE. coli, selected households sending water samples to Ontario and Alberta laboratories in 2005–2006 were asked to participate in a cross-sectional study. Household members aged ⩾12 years were asked to complete a questionnaire and to submit a rectal swab. In 878 individuals, 41% carried a resistant strain ofE. coliand 28% carried a multidrug-resistant strain. The risk of carriage of resistantE. coliwas 1·26 times higher for users of water contaminated with resistantE. coli. Other risk factors included international travel [prevalence ratio (PR) 1·33], having a child in nappies (PR 1·33), being male (PR 1·33), and frequent handling of raw red meats (PR 1·10). Protecting private water sources (e.g. by improving systems to test and treat them) may help slow the emergence of antimicrobial resistance inE. coli.

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Fu, Jialin, Xinge Zhang, Justin B. Moore, Bowen Wang, and Rui Li. "Midday Nap Duration and Hypertension among Middle-Aged and Older Chinese Adults: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 3680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073680.

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The goal of this study was to investigate the associations of midday nap duration and change in midday nap duration with hypertension in a retrospective cohort using a nationwide representative sample of middle-aged and older Chinese adults. Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) database during 2011–2015. Information on midday nap duration was collected via a self-reported questionnaire and blood pressure was objectively measured. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression models to quantify the associations. A sample of 5729 Chinese adults (≥45 years old) were included in the longitudinal analysis. Relative to non-nappers, participants who napping for ≥90 min/day was associated with significantly larger HR for hypertension at four-year follow-up (HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.01–1.40, p = 0.048). Compared with people who napped ≥90 min/day both at baseline (2011) and follow-up (2013), hypertension risk at four-year follow-up declined in individuals whose midday nap durations decreased in the 2-year study period from ≥ 90 min/day to 1–59 min/day (HR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.36–0.97, p = 0.037) and 60–89 min/day (HR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.47–0.99, p = 0.044). Among middle-aged and older Chinese adults, relative to non-nappers, people who had longer midday nap duration (≥90 min/day) were associated with significantly larger HR for hypertension and decreased napping duration may confer benefit for hypertension prevention.

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Bedı, Yavuz, Emil Vasilev, Christo Dabovski, Alı Ergen, Cengız Okuyucu, Adıl Doğan, U. Kağan Tekın, et al. "New age data from the tectonostratigraphic units of the Istranca “Massif” in NW Turkey: a correlation with SE Bulgaria." Geologica Carpathica 64, no. 4 (August 1, 2013): 255–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geoca-2013-0019.

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Abstract The Istranca Crystalline Complex in NW Anatolia and SE Bulgaria includes structural units that differ in lithostratigraphy, metamorphism, age and structural position. They are collectively named as the “Istranca nappes” comprising from bottom to top the Sarpdere, Mahyadağ and Doğanköy Nappes. The Sarpdere Nappe consists of Lower Triassic arkosic metasandstones with slate interlayers, followed by Middle to Upper Triassic carbonates and an alternation of Upper Triassic clastics and carbonates. The Mahyadağ Nappe comprises a low-grade metamorphic Late Paleozoic- Triassic carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentary succession. The Doğanköy Nappe includes Precambrian?-Paleozoic metasediments, intruded by Late Carboniferous-Early Permian calc-alkaline granitoids. Its Triassic cover comprises metaclastics and metacarbonates. The Istranca nappes were juxtaposed at the end of the Triassic and transgressively covered by Lower Jurassic coarse clastics, followed above by Middle to Late Jurassic carbonates, black shales and carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentary succession. The phosphate concretions in black shales yielded radiolarian assemblages indicating Late Bajocian-Early Bathonian, Early Bathonian and Early Kimmeridgian ages. These nappes and their Jurassic cover are unconformably overlain by the Cenomanian-Santonian volcano-sedimentary successions intruded by Santonian-Campanian Dereköy-Demirköy intrusive suite. The preliminary data suggest that the Variscan basements of the Mahyadağ and Sarpdere Nappes were juxtaposed prior to the Triassic and overridden by the Doğanköy Nappe of possible Rhodopean origin from S to N during the Cimmerian compressional events

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Lin, Li, Ciyong Lu, Weiqing Chen, and Vivian Yawei Guo. "Daytime Napping and Nighttime Sleep Duration with Incident Diabetes Mellitus: A Cohort Study in Chinese Older Adults." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 9 (May 9, 2021): 5012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18095012.

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Background: We aimed to examine the longitudinal associations between daytime napping and nighttime sleep duration with the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) among Chinese elderly using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Methods: A cohort study was conducted among 2620 participants aged 60 years or above. Information on daytime napping and nighttime sleep duration was self-reported during the 2011 baseline survey. DM status during the 2015 follow-up survey was confirmed according to the American Diabetes Association criteria. Results: Individuals with long daytime napping (>1 h/day) had increased risk of developing DM than non-nappers (adjusted RR = 1.52, 95%CI: 1.10, 2.10). In addition, we observed a U-shaped association between nighttime sleep duration and incident DM risk. We further found that nappers with <4 h of nighttime sleep, and those with >1 h of daytime napping and >6 h nighttime sleep had approximately two-fold elevated risk of DM, compared to non-nappers with 6–8 h of nighttime sleep. Conclusion: Long daytime napping and extreme nighttime sleep duration were associated with increased DM risk among Chinese elderly. There was a joint effect of long daytime napping and nighttime sleep duration on the risk of DM.

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Tsigkou, Konstantina, Panagiota Tsafrakidou, Sofia Athanasopoulou, Constantina Zafiri, and Michael Kornaros. "Effect of pH on the Anaerobic Fermentation of Fruit/Vegetables and Disposable Nappies Hydrolysate for Bio-hydrogen Production." Waste and Biomass Valorization 11, no. 2 (October 24, 2019): 539–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-019-00854-z.

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Brown, E. H. "Obducted nappe sequence in the San Juan Islands – northwest Cascades thrust system, Washington and British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 49, no. 7 (July 2012): 796–817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e2012-026.

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The San Juan Islands – northwest Cascades thrust system in Washington and British Columbia is composed of previously accreted terranes now assembled as four broadly defined composite nappes stacked on a continental footwall of Wrangellia and the Coast Plutonic Complex. Emplacement ages of the nappe sequence are interpreted from zircon ages, field relations, and lithlogies, to young upward. The basal nappe was emplaced prior to early Turonian time (∼93 Ma), indicated by the occurrence of age-distinctive zircons from this nappe in the Sidney Island Formation of the Nanaimo Group. The emplacement age of the highest nappe in the thrust system postdates 87 Ma detrital zircons within the nappe. The nappes bear high-pressure – low-temperature (HP–LT) mineral assemblages indicative of deep burial in a thrust wedge; however, several features indicate that metamorphism occurred prior to nappe assembly: metamorphic discontinuities at nappe boundaries, absence of HP–LT assemblages in the footwall to the nappe pile, and absence of significant unroofing detritus in the Nanaimo Group. A synorogenic relationship of the thrust system to the Nanaimo Group is evident from mutually overlapping ages and by conglomerates of Nanaimo affinity that lie within the nappe pile. From the foregoing relations, and broader Cordilleran geology, the tectonic history of the nappe terranes is interpreted to involve initial accretion and subduction-zone metamorphism south of the present locality, uplift and exhumation, orogen-parallel northward transport of the nappes as part of a forearc sliver, and finally obduction at the present site over the truncated south end of Wrangellia and the Coast Plutonic Complex.

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Alsop, G. I. "The geometry and structural evolution of a crustal-scale Caledonian fold complex: the Ballybofey Nappe, northwest Ireland." Geological Magazine 131, no. 4 (July 1994): 519–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800012139.

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AbstractThe gross geometries exhibited by crustal-scale fold nappes are considered a consequence of both original stratigraphic relationships associated with sub-basin configuration, coupled with the nature of the structural regime and tectonic processes involved in the generation of the nappe pile. The Neo-Proterozoic Dalradian metasediments of northwestern Ireland provide a well-constrained and correlatable stratigraphy which defines a sequence of sub-reclined, tight-isoclinal Caledonian (c. 460 Ma) fold nappes. Within this fold complex, the dominant structure is the crustal-scale Ballybofey Nappe, which may be traced for 40 km along strike and is responsible for a regional (500 km2) stratigraphie inversion. The gentle, NE-plunging attitude of this fold results in a complete spectrum of tectonic levels and deformation gradients being exposed. Relatively low strains in the upper fold limb gradually increase down through the nappe, resulting in the generation of composite foliations and lineations and the development of a 10 km thick shear zone which culminates in a high strain basal detachment with underlying pre-Caledonian basement. The Ballybofey Nappe nucleated and propagated along a major zone of lateral sedimentary facies variation, coincident with the margin of a major Dalradian sub-basin. The large amplitude of the nappe is strongly influenced by the lateral heterogeneity within the metasedimentary sequence, and is associated with a minimum of 25–30 km ESE-directed translation concentrated within the overturned limb. Additional significant displacement is also focused along the basal décollement. Generation of the nappe complex resulted in significant crustal thickening and amphibolite facies metamorphism consistent with 15–18 km of burial, induced by a sequence of nappes propagating in the direction of overshear. The ESE-directed translation of the major fold nappes is away from the Caledonian foreland and a gravity-driven mechanism of nappe emplacement is suggested. Rigorous structural analysis within the cohesive stratigraphie framework enables relationships between the tectonic evolution and stratigraphic patterns to be distinguished, thus allowing models of fold nappe generation and mid-crustal deformation to be evaluated.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nappies'

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