Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Napoléon Ier (1769-1821 ; empereur des Français) – Influence'
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Mnatsakanova, Maria. "Le mythe de Napoléon en Russie au XIX et au début du XX siècle." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040085.
Full textNapoleon’s personality and the results of his reign have always been a source of discussion both in France and elsewhere, nor is Russia an exception to this rule. The corpus of poems and writings on Napoleon attracted my attention: what were the causes of the birth of the Napoleonic myth in Russia, and how did attitudes towards the French emperor change over time? Analysis not only of works by Russian historians written after Napoleon’s death up to the beginning of the 20th century, but also of literary works from the same period, reveals changes in the image of the Emperor. The black legend lasted for only a brief time, and after his death Napoleon became a hero for poets. And historians looked positively on the emperor as they attempted to explain the events that had taken place in Europe at the beginning of the century. The transfer of Napoleon’s mortal remains back to France in 1840 marks the apogee of the golden legend. In Russia, this legend began to wane after the death of Lermontov and especially after the publication of Tolstoy’s War and Peace. At the beginning of the 20th century, whilst the Napoleonic myth no longer excited Russian poets, historians on the other hand grew more and more interested in imperial period, Franco-Russian relations, and Napoleon’s internal policy. The Franco-Russian alliance and the centenary of the Campaign of 1812 influenced historical studies positively, but the events occurring in Russia after 1917 gave the legend another dimension and other meanings
Mnatsakanova, Maria. "Le mythe de Napoléon en Russie au XIX et au début du XX siècle." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040085.
Full textNapoleon’s personality and the results of his reign have always been a source of discussion both in France and elsewhere, nor is Russia an exception to this rule. The corpus of poems and writings on Napoleon attracted my attention: what were the causes of the birth of the Napoleonic myth in Russia, and how did attitudes towards the French emperor change over time? Analysis not only of works by Russian historians written after Napoleon’s death up to the beginning of the 20th century, but also of literary works from the same period, reveals changes in the image of the Emperor. The black legend lasted for only a brief time, and after his death Napoleon became a hero for poets. And historians looked positively on the emperor as they attempted to explain the events that had taken place in Europe at the beginning of the century. The transfer of Napoleon’s mortal remains back to France in 1840 marks the apogee of the golden legend. In Russia, this legend began to wane after the death of Lermontov and especially after the publication of Tolstoy’s War and Peace. At the beginning of the 20th century, whilst the Napoleonic myth no longer excited Russian poets, historians on the other hand grew more and more interested in imperial period, Franco-Russian relations, and Napoleon’s internal policy. The Franco-Russian alliance and the centenary of the Campaign of 1812 influenced historical studies positively, but the events occurring in Russia after 1917 gave the legend another dimension and other meanings
Decherf, Jean-Baptiste. "Romantisme du chef : le rêve de la domination extraordinaire et ses transformations." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008IEPP0035.
Full textThis work aims, through a study of the romantic cult of great men, to throw light upon the construction of an representation of power whose far reaching effects can be felt even in the works of Max Weber and in the political practice of De Gaulle. The romanticism of the leader commences when the romantic representation of genius as a radically superior being comes to be applied to the great figures of history. The central thesis of the romanticism of the leader lies in a handful of words : because genius is extraordinary, radically "other", its power is also extraordinary, totally estranged from everyday forms of politics. The picture of a magic contact between genius and the masses, suddenly sweeping away all the mediocrity the romantics associate with the quotidian, represents the dream of surpassing the political, of reducing its complexity to a simple surge of shared enthusiasm. By its force of fascination, the dream of the extraordinary survives its creators (Hegel, Carlyle, Michelet, Quinet, Chateaubriand, Stendhal, Hugo, to name but a few) and can take on different shapes. The first is the neoromanticism of the leader, enriched notably by ideas deriving from Nietzsche and the psychology of masses. The second is the sociology of the extraordinary, the concepts of effervescence and charisma (Durkheim and Weber), where the idea of an escape from the quotidian through enthusiasm, though profoundly transformed, is still present. The third is the politics of the extraordinary practiced by leaders who have, unwittingly and in vain, attempted to give reality to this dream
Haegele, Vincent. "La famille Bonaparte et la gestion de l’héritage révolutionnaire : enjeux politiques et économiques au sein de l’espace européen." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUL029.
Full textFrom its beginning, the French Revolution was the part of an international framework: throughout the 1780s, reforms and crisis in the foreign countries had a large echo in the internal political debate. The conclusion of the Franco-British commercial treaty in 1786 has been seen as a major political error by a growing part of the French public opinion. People were alarmed by the capability of the country’s economy to face the weight of British rival. The Revolution soon questions the fundamental bases of French society but also its relations with foreign powers, whose diplomatic language is no longer understandable. In 1792, the entry into the war was inevitable. Glorious in the military field, France was not however spared by the political crises engendered by the successive constitutional experiments. In 1800, the general Napoleon Bonaparte seized power and consolidated the revolutionary legacy, within the borders, but also abroad. Although he claimed to close the cycle started in 1789, Napoleon gave it a new dimension whose purpose was to build an Empire beyond natural borders. This implied a new diplomatic organisation and endowing allied or satellite states with institutions inspired by the model he personally embodied by using the codes and symbols of the monarchy for his own benefits. Yet this model was not without weakness. This work aims to present the role of the Bonaparte family in the appropriation of revolutionary ideas and in their transmission across Europe
Palluel-Guillard, André. "Une Fusion manquée." Chambéry, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CHAML001.
Full textDuring 15 years, geneva savoie lived under the same french napoleonic system, joined together for the first time since th break of the xvi th century, but the french centralisation did not have enough time to integrate deeply two foreign communities even french speaking and very near the boarder of the "creat nation". The imperial government was efficient only during a few years between 1802 and 1811. He had first to settle the difficulties left by the directory and those inherent int the beginning of the consulate then he had to face the final great crisis which compromised the economy and the religious peace in the same time and which worsened the conscription and the tax system. Napoleon did not take care of the profrench jacobins from geneva and savoie so he restored the olf elites but the rallied him very superficially and they betrayed as soon as they realised how they took only a few advantages of their membership. Through the centralisation, the continental system and the religious freedom geneva would have been able to become the center and the leader of the whole region but the traditions were too strong and the "genevois" refused to renounce to their european celebrity and the "savoyards" much too poor and unprepared withdrew into themselves no to have such masters. Anyway powerful churches protestant as well as roman catholic, were too hostile to each other, to admit any connection between the two peoples. Geneva and savoie were too different to join
Derobert, Germain. "Le code civil à travers l'art." Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10003.
Full textBuclon, Romain. "Napoléon et Milan : mise en scène, réception et délégation du pouvoir napoléonien (1796-1814)." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENH006/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the political and cultural links between Napoleon and Milan from 1796 to 1814. The author pays particular attention to changes in production, reception and delegation of power from general Bonaparte to Napoleon Ist, King of Italy
Vielledent, Sylvie. "1830 aux théâtres : Hernani, les baricades, les jésuites, Napoléon." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070012.
Full textTheatre production in the year 1830 is characterized by the predominance of several themes linked to contemporary literary and political events. In this thesis, works dealing with a common theme are presented in "series", which prove to be perfectly homogeneous on an idealogical level. Hernani and its opening-night riot initiate a first series that takes full advantage of the indulgence of the censors towards a genre that traditionally lacks reverence : parody. The July revolution marks both the end of divine-right monarchy and the triumph of liberal ideas. A plethora of politically-oriented plays is the direct result of the abolition of censorship. The celebration of revolutionary events is decidely enthusiastic : in the ardour following the re-opening of theatres, patriotic "à-propos" give centre stage to workers, who shed their blood on the barricades. A second wave of plays stigmatise the rapaciousness of latter-day patriots. The Citizen King, on the other hand, decked out in the tricolour, formerly defended at the battle of Jemmapes, emerges without a scratch
Luca, Anne Sandrine de. "La noblesse du Premier Empire français : l'identité nobiliaire réinventée." Perpignan, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PERP0709.
Full textAt the moment when all thought that the nobility had been banished for ever, Napoleon in 1808 created a new aristocracy. The creation of a new nobility cannot be understodd outside the frame of the construction of napoleonic power : this creation helped ensure the legitimacy in the regime's exercise of power, indeed, in this sense, the nobility is thoroughly political. But it should also be set in the context of the creation of propaganda, in other words it was also a nobility for napoleonic pomp and prestige. It was very meuch an accessory of power and the emperor clearly wanted to set this group above the mass citizens : not to mention the privileges, the titles also provided other benefits. And even though it could not be called an order, the Empire nobility was neverltheless a particular group within the citizen body
Rouillé, Stéphanie. "La confrontation idéologique pour ou contre Napoléon en Bavière entre 1800 et 1814." Nantes, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NANT3019.
Full textSalvi, Greta. "Cultura teatrale e scenari urbani nella Milano del Triennio Cisalpino (1796-1799) : Tra impianti tradizionali e influenze francesi." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100099.
Full textIn the Triennium 1796-1799 took place the short life of the Cisalpine Republic, one of the political units founded by Napoleon Bonaparte during the Italian Campaign.This work studies the theatrical culture and the performing aspects which characterized the Cisalpine Republic and particularly its capital, Milan, in that historical juncture. The thesis asserted here is about the use of performing practices as an instrument of popular education and spreading of the principles of the 1789 Revolution. This aim was pursued by both French authorities and Italian pro-Revolution patriots.This work tackles three main points: the architectural and urban changes which affected Milan during the Triennio (Triennium), the theory and practice of theatre, the public celebrations. The cultural relations between Italy and France have been investigated with special attention. This study is based on some documents kept in archives and libraries of Milan and Paris, such as printed editions of theatrical plays, records of celebrations, correspondence and periodicals from the age of the Cisalpine Republic
Kadaoui, Nordine. "Le maréchal Marmont (1774-1852), un itinéraire militaire à l'ombre de Napoléon Bonaparte : de l'amitié à la trahison ?" Thesis, Avignon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AVIG1203.
Full textAuguste-Frédéric-Louis Viesse de Marmont (1774-1852) is the most famous figure in a military family whose genealogy and fame date back to the 16th century. Son of an officer of small nobility, he became acquainted very early with the young Bonaparte and fought with him at Toulon in 1793. Since then, bonds of friendship have been forged between the two comrades in arms. No academic biography has been made of this character whose background is rich and varied and whose memoirs constitute an essential testimony of the history of the First Empire. Marmont had a dazzling career and quickly climbed the ranks of the army. Together with his friend, he campaigned in Egypt, the two campaigns of Italy until becoming Governor General of the Illyrian Provinces from 1809 to 1811 and in this capacity participated in the modernization of this territory. His career continued until 1830, when he was charged with enforcing the July ordinances, a mission to which he failed and which brought his career to an end. But his name remains mainly attached to the act of treason of April 5, 1814, which marked a turning point in the history of the First Empire. Since then, the figure of the traitor has travelled through the 19th century. In this study, the question of Bonaparte’s political ascension will therefore be questioned as to whether it induces that of his comrades in arms. Thus, by evoking the question of networks, biographical study makes it possible to ask the question of the nature of the relations that may exist between men of power and men of arms. The main objective of this work is therefore the following: it is a question of knowing, in a crossed dynamic, how this friendship emerges, how it has evolved since 1792 and how this military morality links the two soldiers. In this way, we will be able to update the marshal’s biography; this will allow in this research to finally elucidate the question of the betrayal attributed to Marmont
Perret, Irène. "La critique d’art sous le consulat et le Ier Empire (1799-1815)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040224.
Full textThis study aims at analysing and defining art criticism under The Consulate and The First Empire, during the first fifteen years of the 19th Century, from the 18 Brumaire an VIII to the fall of Napoleon’s Empire and the Bourbons return. Based on newspaper articles, satirical pamphlets and art books published during that period, this analyse deals with all the Paris exhibitions between 1800 and 1815 wich had some impact on the public and critics -private exhibitions, Salons or artistic competitions organized by the Government. Napoleon’s personality, his artistic policy, maked by propaganda, the consequences of the censorship on the press and various historical events are revealed through art criticism wich is thus a reflection of that era and a major theme in this research. Besides, art critics are analysed, wether anonymous or emblematic ones, such as Jean-Baptiste Boutard, Pierre Jean-Baptiste Chaussard, Victorin Fabre, Charles-Paul Landon, François-Guillaume Ducray- Duminil and Fabien Pillet. This study is interessed in ideas and artistic contests, art evolution, as well as critics’ work used as a literary instrument
Deloustal, Jean-François. "La centralisation napoléoniènne en Lozère (1799-1815) : "une colonie à deux mille lieues de la métropole"." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040214.
Full textThe consulate and the Empire, that were founded on the Ancien Regime and the Revolution, allowed for the presence of a local civil service across the entire territory. The centralised administration guaranteed a strict structure for the society and led to uncontested sectorial modernisation. Despite certain successes, the uniform application of the government’s precepts were not united. There was protiform resistance in Gévaudan against the efforts to penetrate there. Also, in the department, the centralisation progressed along a single route. It was a procedure of modus vivendi that was unbalanced between the concerns of the State to confirm it’s authority and the local will to conserve its own government. Despite a napoleonic centralisation that was coercive and pragmatic, the Lozère stayed on the whole outside of the national process of integration. It remained for many “a colony two thousand leagues from the metropole”
Vidal, Jean-Pierre. "L'épique dans l’oeuvre de Victor Hugo." Montpellier 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON30007.
Full textThis study tries to explain the importance of epic writing in Hugo’s works. Epic writing and not epic poems, because Hugo always refuses to disconnect literary genres, in particular in the case of the epic. In fact, epic totalisation concerns not only representation itself (including a cosmic immensity) but also a kind of generic fusion. That’s why it is important to analyse Hugo’s epic genealogy, in order to understand the aesthetic and ideologic dimension of his relation with epic paradigmatic authors, in particular Homere. This question also highligths the link between epic writing and greatness, even if Hugo wants to democratize this one. Here is the spring of an epic crisis: the transformation of morphologic features (length or narrativity) and also narratologic choices (Hugo contests impersonnality) are the evidence of a critic about epic traditional notions (for instance the sublime), above all after Napoleon III’s putsch. Hugo especially criticizes war, which is described as an archaic and disastrous reality. Nevertheless, Hugo’s thought about this subject is very ambiguous, and the description of a new epic style, in William Shakespeare, is not really confirmed by his works: many problems or contradictions suggest that struggle (also in a cosmic meaning) is a very important feature, which could explain the importance of an epic writing in Hugo’s works
Choi, Nag-Hyun. "La politique dans les écrits intimes et la correspondance de Stendhal." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA081439.
Full textStendhal, in turn dragoon, civil servant and diplomat, was more conscious than any man of belonging to a world contunually in motion. Curious and eager for knowledge, he recounted the main political upheavals of his day in france and italy. He was interested above all anecdotes, which he felt to be of far greater significance than elevated theoretical discourse. His style of recounting political events did not in fact differ greatly from his manner of writing novels. The key feature in both is a linear narrative style, and the contradictions evident in his judgements are reminiscent of the hesitations of the heroes in his novels. Stendhal consistently takes up the opposing position to that of his interlocutor in order to ensure that the discussion remains open rather than petering out in a dreary consensus. However, this does not cast any doubt upon his political convictions, which though complex were nevertheless profoundly felt. His relationships with napoleon and the great writers and thinkers of his day (mme de stael, chateaubriand) also seem complex and passionate. Stendhal, with his open approach to the world, was not content to merely play the spectator to the great debates of his time concerning the freedom of the press, political intrigue, elections and so on. At the same time, it is remarkable that he never abandoned his passions, which occasionally overlapped withy the world of politics. As regards politics, stendhal managed to retain a casual stance while showing great eagerness for details. His personality is reflected in his ambiguous attitude. His political thinking is first and foremost illustrative of stendhal the man
Kern-Boquel, Anne. "Le Mythe de Napoléon dans la poésie française (1815-1848)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040022.
Full textBetween 1815 and 1848, Napoleon became established as one of the major sources of inspiration in French poetry. Writers of all kinds – from the greatest poets of the age to lyricists of popular songs and part-time versifiers – took on the challenge of evoking a figure that came to be presented as the archetypal hero. This study aims to explore the corpus of Napoleonic poetry within the framework of the notion of literary myth : how, in what forms and with what consequences did the literary myth of Napoleon emerge in this poetry ?The following three objectives are thus proposed: to account for the historical birth of a literary myth ; to go beyond a fragmented analysis in order to identify an overarching structure ; to identify and situate the meanings of the literary myth in the broader context of Romanticism.A cataloguing of Napoleonic poetry serves as a starting point for an analysis that aims to marry chronological, thematic and aesthetic approaches to the myth. Each of the first four parts examines a chronological segment of the corpus, alternating between general presentations and more specific studies focusing on particular works : the transition from the representation of an epic hero to the representation of a mythical hero (1815-1821), the first blossoming of the myth, occurring together with a liberal rereading of Napoleon’s actions (1821-1830), the apogee of the myth (1830-1848), the decline and eventual redefining of the myth (1840-1848). The fifth part proposes a synthesis of the material that has been thus far assembled in order to explore the constitutive themes and the structures of the myth as well as its links to Romanticism
Codolo, Sara. "Il potere et la cultura : dotti e politica culturale della Republica e del regno d'Italia (1802-1814)." Paris, EPHE, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2011EPHE4030.
Full textThis thesis develops around the activities and choices of Pietro Moscati and Giovanni Scopoli, respectively first and second General Director of Education, on the relentless activities of Michele Araldi as first secretary of the National Institute, as well as on the political and cultural ideas of Giovanni Paradisi, member of the Study Commission in 1802 and president of the Royal Institute in 1810. These people are analyzed in the context of the cultural organization created by the French Government during the years of the Republic and Kingdom of Italy (1802-1814), with a foreword on the first discussions about public education and cultural institutions in the three years of democracy (1796-1799). The relationship between power and culture is analyzed through the study of cultural officials of the time, who offer a new perspective on cultural policy in Napoleonic Italy. This thesis outlines the biography of those officials and their views on the reforms of Education, on schooling and on the funding of the arts and scientific progress. This research aims at revealing the actual people, their ideas of cultural policy and their role as mediators between the Napoleonic government and the Italian intelligentsia
Sountoura, Karim fakoro. "Nation et littérature : gloires et servitudes littéraires sous le Premier Empire." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30045.
Full textThis thesis concerns a general study of the literary life under the first Empire. It is not only a question of redrawing the literary history of this underestimated period, but also of analyzing the reports connections which had the writers with the napoleonic regime. Furthermore, this literature, so weak in literary production in the public opinion, already expect from the next revival of the French letters after the bloody events of the Revolution. It is the one thus naturally which opens the way to all this plethora of famous authors who will carry the romanticism in its fulfillment. Our problem thus is to analyze the role of the authors of the beginning of the century such as Chateaubriand, Madame de Staël and Senancour in this spectacular hatching of the romantic writing. This work also aims at drawing up a complete board of the genres under the first Empire: the novel, the theater, the poetry are treated in depth by highlighting the novelties intervened in these literary forms, a particular attention is tuned to the talented figures which become famous in this literature. The press is studied in a detailed way, we were especially interested in the conditions in which the journalists wrote in papers; that is we reviewed the restrictive legislation organized by the regime to manage the public spirit. In province, the same binding measures were observed under the attentiveness of the prefects, a creation of Napoleon. The napoleonic conception of the power and its legitimacy which stand on the glory constitutes the skeleton of this chapter which analyzes profoundly the sights and the innovations of the Emperor in the management of the country affairs. So this work aspires to concern a new lighting the decade which saw Napoleon coming to power and forging an imagination since become legendary. We thus tried to correct this omission by undertaking this work which brings a new vision and a new knowledge of the first Empire outside clichés and stereotypes concerning the weakness of its literary production
Horn, Pierre. "Le défi de l’enracinement napoléonien entre Rhin et Meuse (1810-1814). Étude transnationale de l’opinion publique dans les départements de la Roër (Allemagne), de l’Ourthe (Belgique), des Forêts (Luxembourg) et de la Moselle (France)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040208.
Full textOwing to its Franco-German nature, this historical study, which analyses the Napoleonic system’s implantation between Rhine and Maas (1810-1814), differs from the numerous studies devoted to public opinion since the 19th century. It is different in the sense that it innovatively sets out to address, from a comparative angle and within a transnational framework (France, Germany, Belgium and Luxembourg), the question of the part played by public opinion between climax (1810) and fall (1814) of the Napoleonic regime. By means of ‘Histoire croisée’, I have identified a certain number of fields which seem to have been, under the Napoleonic Empire, quite contentious issues. From this study emerges, first of all, that structural elements, independent of economic cycles and Napoleonic policies alike, curbed the new regime’s rooting. Instead, the latter was hampered both by cultural gaps and the memory of the preceding rule of the ‘Ancien Régime’ (Prussia, Austria). Second, the elements concerning the polity (centralisation, social order and economic system) reveal to what extent, independent of both structural elements and the economic situation, the Napoleonic regime succeeded, or failed to succeed, in being progressively accepted by ‘old Frenchmen’ as well as by ‘new Frenchmen’, i.e. those who had become annexed by the Republic and then found themselves being subjects of the Empire. Finally, the economic factors are addresses, independent, once again, of the previous ones. Leaving behind histories traditionally nationalist in tone, the present thesis may be considered as a Western European History on public opinion during the Napoleonic era
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage nach der napoleonischen Verwurzelung zwischen Rhein und Maas (1810-1814) und unterscheidet sich aufgrund ihrer deutsch-französischen Natur von vielen anderen historischen Studien, die sich seit dem 19. Jahrhundert mit der öffentlichen Meinung beschäftigen. Sie hebt sich auch in der Hinsicht ab, als dass sie eine neue Fragestellung verfolgt, nämlich jene nach der öffentlichen Meinung zwischen dem Höhepunkt (1810) und in dem Zusammenbruch (1814) des napoleonischen Regimes, der mit einem komparativen Ansatz und in einem transnationalen Rahmen (Deutschland, Frankreich, Belgien, Luxemburg) nachgegangen wird. Mithilfe des Ansatzes der Histoire croisée wird eine Reihe Themen untersucht, welche schon unter Napoleons Empire Zankäpfel gewesen zu sein scheinen. Aus dieser Studie geht als Erstes hervor, dass einige Strukturmerkmale unabhängig von der wirtschaftlichen Konjunktur und von der napoleonischen Politik die Verwurzelung des neuen Regimes begrenzten. Hierbei geht es um kulturelle Gräben und um die Erinnerung an die vorangegangene Herrschaft der vorrevolutionären Regime (Preußen, Österreich). Als Zweites wird anhand mehrerer auf die Politik bezogener Parameter (Zentralisierung, soziale Ordnung, Wirtschaftssystem) untersucht, inwieweit es dem napoleonischen Regime gelungen ist, unabhängig von strukturellen und ökonomischen Faktoren, sowohl unter „Altfranzosen“ wie auch unter der durch französische Annektionen zu „Neufranzosen“ gewordenen Bevölkerung Akzeptanz zu finden. Darüber hinaus wurden die konjunkturell bedingten Faktoren analysiert, wiederum unabhängig von den vorigen Elementen. Im Kontrast zur stark nationalistisch geprägten Historiographie des 19. Jahrhunderts wird hier eine Arbeit vorgelegt, die als eine westeuropäische Untersuchung zur öffentlichen Meinung im napoleonischen Zeitalter Napoleons betrachtet werden darf
Omes, Marco Emanuele. "La festa di Napoleone : Sovranità, legittimità e sacralità nell’Europa francese (Repubblica/Impero francese, Repubblica/Regno d’Italia, Regno di Spagna, 1799-1814)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL040.
Full textBy combining research methods from the cultural history of the politic with a comparative perspective, my dissertation covers the celebrations of the Napoleonic era that took place between 1799 and 1814 in the Republic (later, Empire) of France, in the Republic (later, Kingdom) of Italy, and in the Kingdom of Spain. My comparative perspective aims to show the existence of a model of Napoleonic celebration that was fairly uniform across the three geographical contexts I studied, especially in its basic principles, fundamental concepts and values conveyed. My study centres on the concepts of sovereignty, legitimacy and sacrality, and aims to shed light on their interplay and their significance in the context of Napoleonic-era civic festivities, especially in terms of the forms of symbolic, visual and discursive representation that were used. My analysis of these forms of representation will allow the reader to better understand not only the manifestations of Napoleonic power, but also its ideological underpinnings, characteristics, and evolution over time
Le, Gall Didier. "Contribution à l'étude du vocabulaire politique du "Mémorial de Sainte-Hélène"." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010577.
Full textMenant, Fabien. "Les députés du Corps législatifs sous le Consulat et l'Empire (1799-1815)." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.numeriquepremium.com/content/books/9782847366402.
Full textThe Legislative Body of the First Empire remains one of the least studied and most poorly understood institutions of the French parliamentarian history. Yet, it is of significant interest from both juridical and social points of view. The proceedings of the annual meetings of the three hundred “notables”, who were supposed to represent the entire Nation, are essential to the understanding of the creation of the imperial notability. The cohort of the one-thousand-four-hundred and sixty-one individuals who sat in the Legislative Body during its existence, constitute an excellent illustration of the imperial society and it also illustrates the composition of the elites whose development was desired by the Emperor. For the notables this assembly was important because it showcased the recognition of their economic and social power. The Legislative Body may be considered in many ways, as the forerunner of the various assemblies of the beginning of the 19th century: by attempting to diminish the influence of these assemblies, Napoleon inadvertently contributed to the emergence of the political elite of the Parliamentary Monarchy. The Legislative Body was the last of the Revolutionary Assemblies, and as such, was also the first Assembly of the notables’ France
Housset, Georges. "La garde d'honneur de 1813-1814 : histoire du corps et de ses soldats." Paris, EPHE, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EPHE4048.
Full textComing within the senatus-consulte of the 3d of april 1813 that requires 180. 000 men meant to bring the army at full strength, the operation that interests us is compulsory and exceptional conscription : the guard of honour must provide four regiments of 2. 500 sabres each, with soldiers recruited from the upper classes of the empire. Apart from the name, there is nothing in common between this corps, endowed with pronounced national and military characteristics and the guard of honour of the towns set up as soon as 1802, made up of local volunteers. This extraordinary institution, since it is especially designed to motivate the enlistment of the sons of notables whereas thanks to the replacement system they usually do their best to shirk military service could only originate in extraordinary circumstances. And this is precisely the case just after the Russian adventure during which the army numbers melted away and the MALET's matter that demonstrated the frailty of the regime. Even the promise to become second lieutenant after twelve months of presence in the corps does not seem to has been sufficient to attract the sons of the well-off of the counties. Moreover we can assert that the connivance established between the gentility and the prefect in charge of the organization of the guard of honour produced results that did not meet the emperor's expectations as for the men's worth and the financial plan used. However this raising provided Napoleon with four additional regiments at no cost that performed their duty very honourably in 1813 and 1814 in spite of the many difficulties of organization due to the problems of the time
Omes, Marco Emanuele. "La festa di Napoleone : Sovranità, legittimità e sacralità nell’Europa francese (Repubblica/Impero francese, Repubblica/Regno d’Italia, Regno di Spagna, 1799-1814)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL040.
Full textBy combining research methods from the cultural history of the politic with a comparative perspective, my dissertation covers the celebrations of the Napoleonic era that took place between 1799 and 1814 in the Republic (later, Empire) of France, in the Republic (later, Kingdom) of Italy, and in the Kingdom of Spain. My comparative perspective aims to show the existence of a model of Napoleonic celebration that was fairly uniform across the three geographical contexts I studied, especially in its basic principles, fundamental concepts and values conveyed. My study centres on the concepts of sovereignty, legitimacy and sacrality, and aims to shed light on their interplay and their significance in the context of Napoleonic-era civic festivities, especially in terms of the forms of symbolic, visual and discursive representation that were used. My analysis of these forms of representation will allow the reader to better understand not only the manifestations of Napoleonic power, but also its ideological underpinnings, characteristics, and evolution over time
Brevet, Matthieu. "Les expéditions coloniales vers Saint-Domingue et les Antilles (1802-1810)." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/brevet_m.
Full textRevolutionnary, consulate or imperial armies in Europe have already been studied a lot, many books being dedicated to them. But the Guadeloupe, Martinique and Santo Domingo’s expeditionnary corps, sailing from France in 1802 to pave the way to the re-establishing of slavery, have been of no such interest to most historians yet. The present study is taking particular interest in the superior officiers corps, from battalion commanders to captain-generals (military governor), but also in the mere troops, battalion per battalion, which served in the Antilles and Santo Domingo from February 4th, 1802 (landing of Leclerc’s troops at Santo Domingo) and February 6th, 1810 (capitulation of Guadeloupe) : it intends to highlight the motivations which may have determined this men to willingly enlist for such an adventure, or have press-ganged them into participating to it ; their state of mind ; their experience ; their qualm, if they had any, about the disloyal mission they were undertaking to men which had been fighting under the same flag as them ; their personnal insight about the local situation ; and finaly, their destiny, in the colonies but also to the twilight of the Empire … The goal of his studies being to determine if this colonial expeditions have been, as legend has it, a political tool intended to allow Napoleon to get rid of his opponents, and if yes, in which measurement
Omes, Marco Emanuele. "La festa di Napoleone : sovranità, legittimità e sacralità nell'Europa francese (repubblica/impero francese, Repubblica/Regno d'Italia, Regno di Spagna, 1799-1814)." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/86067.
Full textObron-Vattaire, Candice. "Napoléon, un mythe postmoderne ? Description et analyse de la figure napoléonienne, dans l’imaginaire collectif, à travers la littérature populaire et la culture de masse (bande dessinée, jeux vidéos, publicité)." Thesis, Corte, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CORT0017/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to question the presence of Napoleonic figure, nearly two hundred years after the death of Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), in the popular and francophone cultural production (literature, comics, video games, advertising) of the late twentieth century and early twenty-first century, in terms of mythocritique.In a diachronic approach, are previously mentioned representations of Napoleonic image in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries through literature and popular culture (cartoons, songs, images of Epinal) to highlight the creation of the myth of Napoleon and its evolution through the centuries.In a synchronic approach through, first of all, by the comparative study of French novels (uchronies, pastiches...) evoking the figure of Napoleon and then, at the heart of contemporary imagery, through various examples of comics and Japanese manga using the figure of Napoleon Bonaparte, from the years 1969 (bicentenary of his birth), we set ourselves the task of illustrating and documenting as thoroughly as possible the presence of myth in order to analyze and identify the postmodern mythemes that nourish.We are interested not only by popular literature but also other materials which constitute the vector of myth : in fact, we wanted to integrate into our work the advertising analysis; image and video undeniably constitute today a major source of collective representations and myths of postmodernity.In order to make possible the most extensive research, we also wanted in the final chapter of our study, questioning the presence (or absence) of Napoleonic figure in national Education programs or museum collections and exhibitions.Through in-depth study of this corpus, along with a wide panorama including in particular the analysis of the presence of the historical figure of Napoleon Bonaparte in video games and its representation on many websites, the matter was to expose contemporary mythemes and values emerging of the character, which is a myth today, in France, two hundred years after his death
Schlatt, Anna-Sarah. "Jean-Baptiste Lepère (1761-1844), „Architecte de l'Empereur” : die Zeichnungen der Paläste von Saint-Cloud, Meudon und Saint-Germain-en-Laye im Kontext der Architekturpolitik Napoleon I. 1811-1814." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEP019.
Full textThe scientific examination of the inheritance of Jean-Baptiste Lepère conserved by the Wallraf-Richartz-Museum in Cologne is a desideratum of the early architectural history of the 19th century. The aim of this work is, to investigate the architectural politics of Napoleon I. on the basis of Lepère’s drawings of the Palaces of Saint-Cloud, Meudon and Saint-Germain-en-Laye. The architectural politics of the emperor include the architectural program and the organisation of the imperial construction firm. These two aspects will be represented in detail. Thereupon it will be explored in which way the construction firm of Napoleon operated concretely, by referring to the projects at the three palaces. Which role do the constructor and architect play? How are the governmental directives reflected in the building activity? This work examines the years from 1811 until 1814, which span a period from the point of culmination of the Grand Empire with the birth of the Roi de Rome until the abdication of Napoleon. Therefore it is necessary to analyse the consequences of the political development on Lepère’s architectural projects. To capture Napoleon's architectural policy precisely, decrees firstly time discovered in the archives, concerning the organisation of the imperial construction firm, will be used. Based on the decrees, the tasks and functions of the individual offices of the construction firm can be declared. Furthermore the roots of the Ancien Régime and innovations of Napoleon I. are to be clarified. This raises the question as to what political intentions hide behind the decrees, respectively behind the new organisation? The architectural preconditions for Lepère as an architect will be clarified with the help of the existing literature concerning the three palaces. In this dissertation, 65 drawings of the Palaces of Saint-Cloud, Meudon and Saint-Germain-en-Laye will be described, analyzed and put into context with the architectural policy of Napoleon I. In order to place the drawings into context, they will be attributed to individual project-chapters with the help of previously undiscovered documents in the archives. Within one chapter dedicated to one project the drawings will be illustrated and information of the inventory number, inheritance, artist, material, technique, dimensions, restoration and archival documents will be presented. Afterwards the details about the inscriptions like title, signature, dating, measure rod, measures and the reverse side succeed. Followed by a description of the drawing and a reconstruction of the context of the project based on the archival documents, that had to be prepared according to the instructions of the government. A stylistic analysis of Lepère’s designs will explore and evaluate his personal interpretation of a napoleonic architecture of palaces in consideration of biographical aspects and the private library of Lepère. Doing so will clarify, which typological and formal repertoire Lepère used. The design of the plans will be classified in context with classicism, architectural concepts of the revolution period as well as ideas of an imperial representation architecture during the Premier Empire. A closing chapter will reveal, with aid of the acquired results, the aim of Napoleon’s architectural policy and summarize the consequences of the civil service for Lepère’s projects on the three palaces. The illustrations and informations of the drawings will not be presented in a catalogue at the end of this dissertation but in the beginning of each chapter dedicated to one project. The significant documents in the archives allow to determine the evolution of the projects. This dissertation aims to establish a context between the drawings, the building history and the process of the projects
Touche, Catherine. "Les doctrines juridiques de l'Europe libérée face aux codes napoléoniens (1811 -1825)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Rennes 1, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REN1G009.
Full textFrom 1793 onwards, Revolutionary and then Napoleonic France came to occupy half of Europe. The Belgian territories and Holland, a large part of the Swiss and German territories, Poland, the various Italian kingdoms and Spain were thus subjected, to varying degrees, to the French legal model, including its codified legislation: not only the Civil Code (1804) - the most famous of the five - but also the Code of Civil Procedure (1806), the Commercial Code (1807), the Code of Criminal Procedure (1808) and the Penal Code (1810). However, while it sought to impose a common legal system over Europe, France paradoxically aroused nationalism everywhere. The disaster of Leipzig (October 1813), the French campaign and the Treaty of Fontainebleau (June 1814) were accompanied by the growing disaffection of both the population and the elite towards Napoleon. The Congress of Vienna’s Final Act (9 June 1815) and the defeat at Waterloo (18 June) completed the collapse of French hegemony. During this watershed period, authors of doctrine were active. While some reformers suggested taking the French codes as a model, others rejected or ignored the legacy of the invader. While some produced exegetic commentaries of French codification, others sought to make it fit within the European legal landscape, necessarily leading to comparisons between models. Reactions to the codes sometimes led to creation as demonstrated by the founding of the Historical School of Law in 1814. The legal literature of these countries, in the twilight of the occupation and then at the dawn of the restorations, displays a great diversity and an evolution that is both substantial and methodological. Furthermore, it highlights the existence of doctrinal networks with their respective poles of attraction. To examine the way in which European authors position themselves in relation to the five French codes is to investigate a turning point in the history of law in Europe
Kern, Émile. "Représentations et images contrastées de Napoléon dans les commémorations : de 1869 à 2009." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30093/document.
Full textBetween 1869 and 2009 Napoleon Bonaparte was much commemorated through cultural events to celebrate the great periods of his life and his political or military career. Those commemorations took place within various national and international contexts. Under the reign of Napoleon the Third, there was a certain indifference, not to say a lot of reluctance to honor the founder of the dynasty, in a difficult context for the Emperor of the Second Empire. During the Third Republic that interest for Napoleon went from a restrained commitment to a very strong undeniably during the bicentenary of his birth in 1969. As for the other bicentenaries between 1993 and 2009, there were times of disinterest alternating with times of tension like that caused by the controversies in 2005, and also times of increased publishing. Napoleon can therefore be seen as a historical character, who cannot be easily commemorated, in a country where he still stands as a very important person in the cultural scene and that even two hundred years after he resigned
Knels, Eva Maria. "Le Salon et la scène artistique à Paris sous Napoléon I. Politique artistique – Stratégies d’artistes – Échos internationaux." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040065.
Full textThis doctoral thesis examines the Salons of living artists under the reign of Napoleon I, which are primarily known for the prominent role they played in the context of cultural politics of that time. After 1799, the Salon rapidly became an important instrument of art and cultural politics used by the ruling government to symbolically legitimise and support the political system. Given the major changes to the exhibition in these years, artists had also had to adapt to the new political and administrative structures whilst, at the same time, reacting to new artistic trends in order to stand up to the strong competition at the Salon. The exhibition's success in these years is not only reflected by the rising numbers of exhibiting artists and visitors. Also its wide-ranging coverage in the media, such as newspaper articles, letters, travelogues and graphic anthologies, is further proof of the exhibition's relevance and reach, sometimes even beyond national frontiers. Indeed, the exhibition's close locality to the famous Musée Napoléon, with its large collection of master pieces confiscated from European collections by the French armies, added further attention paid by European travellers to the Salon and the French contemporary art on display there. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to analyse the organisation of the exhibition, the range of participating artists as well as the international response it created whilst taking into consideration the complex transformation of art and the French art scene at the beginning of 19th century. By doing so, the dissertation focuses on the reciprocal relationship between art politics, artistic production and their reception
Brun, Jean-François. "L'économie militaire impériale à l'épreuve de la VIe coalition." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF20042.
Full textAfter the russian campaign, napoleon i undertakes with some improvising to rebuild a new great army in orfer to fight russia, which is soon helped by prussia. Two kinds of events mark this will. In the eazstern part of europe, the available imperial unities, commanded by murat then by beauharnais, try to slacken the enemy's forward movement from the inemen to the elbe, between december 1812 and april 1813. At the same time, france, italy and the german territories under the rule of paris know a great deal of requisitioning in men and horses, as well as in supplies and all sorts of military goods. This gives the opportunity of studying carefully the inner structure and the limits of the imperial warfare system. An armistice puts an end to the first campaign in saxony, and the disaster of leipzig stops the second one. So, in november 1813, the great army, deeply reduced, sets in a defensive position along the rhine while france,which is exhausted and used up, cannot give napoleon enough horses and war equipment to recover his military power during the following wiiks. This incapacity clearly shows proof that the first empire does not have a war economy. In fact, it is the military power resulting from short time wars which settles the french economical and political domination upon continental europe, and not the opposite. In short, the imperial ruling classes keep on reasoning in an rachaic way : war is possible thanks to economical "surplus". But since the russian campaign, logistics has become a very tough problem foreshadowing modern conflicts in which economy takes an essential part
Varlan, Olivier. "Armand-Louis de Caulaincourt, duc de Vicenze (1773-1827). Étude d’une carrière diplomatique sous le Premier Empire, de la cour de Napoléon au ministère des Relations extérieures." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2013. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=https://www.numeriquepremium.com/doi/10.14375/NP.9782369426998.
Full textA cavalry officer born into Picardy's landed gentry, Armand de Caulaincourt rose rapidly through the ranks of the consular, and later the imperial court, to become in 1804 Grand Squire of the Empire. However, notwithstanding the importance of his curial functions, Napoleon destined him to a diplomatic career. After several missions, he was appointed as Ambassador of France to Russia (1807). Caulaincourt took part in all the major negotiations between France and Russia, but was forced to witness a slow breakdown in relations between the two Empires. At the time of his return to Paris in 1811, his political accomplishments were unimpressive. His stalwart defense of Tsar Alexander, and especially his opposition to the upcoming military campaign, were an irritation to Napoleon. Nevertheless, these stances allowed him to gain new stature after the disaster in Russia : in the eyes of his contemporaries, he became the “Peacemaker”, an image Napoleon used to his advantage by appointing him his representative at the congresses in Prague (1813) and in Châtillon (1814). The Duke of Vicenza, now Minister for Foreign Affairs, could not, however, broker an agreement in favour of peace : he was forced to negotiate Napoleon's abdication and to give up any hope of political career after the Hundred Days. This study, based on Caulaincourt's personal records and famous Memoirs, aims at restoring a major figure of the First French Empire to his due importance, while focusing on his action and thought in the field of diplomacy. The exemplary value of his career should also allow historians to reconsider and reevaluate the role of Napoleon's diplomatic personnel
Varlan, Olivier. "Armand-Louis de Caulaincourt, duc de Vicenze (1773-1827). Étude d’une carrière diplomatique sous le Premier Empire, de la cour de Napoléon au ministère des Relations extérieures." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040252.
Full textA cavalry officer born into Picardy's landed gentry, Armand de Caulaincourt rose rapidly through the ranks of the consular, and later the imperial court, to become in 1804 Grand Squire of the Empire. However, notwithstanding the importance of his curial functions, Napoleon destined him to a diplomatic career. After several missions, he was appointed as Ambassador of France to Russia (1807). Caulaincourt took part in all the major negotiations between France and Russia, but was forced to witness a slow breakdown in relations between the two Empires. At the time of his return to Paris in 1811, his political accomplishments were unimpressive. His stalwart defense of Tsar Alexander, and especially his opposition to the upcoming military campaign, were an irritation to Napoleon. Nevertheless, these stances allowed him to gain new stature after the disaster in Russia : in the eyes of his contemporaries, he became the “Peacemaker”, an image Napoleon used to his advantage by appointing him his representative at the congresses in Prague (1813) and in Châtillon (1814). The Duke of Vicenza, now Minister for Foreign Affairs, could not, however, broker an agreement in favour of peace : he was forced to negotiate Napoleon's abdication and to give up any hope of political career after the Hundred Days. This study, based on Caulaincourt's personal records and famous Memoirs, aims at restoring a major figure of the First French Empire to his due importance, while focusing on his action and thought in the field of diplomacy. The exemplary value of his career should also allow historians to reconsider and reevaluate the role of Napoleon's diplomatic personnel
Renucci, Charles. "Histoire politique, patrimoniale et festive de la mémoire napoléonienne à Ajaccio ,1806-1969." Thesis, Tours, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUR2024.
Full textThis study of the Napoleonian memory in Ajaccio from the time of the Consulate to the Fifth Republic shows that a specific bond exists between the historical figure and the city. Beyond the various and highly visible marks that can nowadays be noticed in the fields of arts, urbanism or toponymy, it rests plainly on the fact that Napoleon was born in Ajaccio on 15 August, 1769.The city has never been a governing place, nor an Imperial residence or a place of highly symbolic value (such as military victories or defeats) ; it is simply is Napoeon's hometown and this implies that their relationship does not rest exclusively on Napoleon's destiny. To study this relationship, it is necessary to see how the myth, the legend or the cult of Napoleon have in the long run invaded the everyday life of the inhabitants of the city. Such a study must be conducted at various levels, including political, patrimonial or festal history, in order to find out how a Napoleonian memory grew out locally. The more we refine the study, the clearer it is that this memory bore a distinctive identitarian dimension ; Ajaccians could thus proudly proclaim their origins and at the same time feel fully French, just like the rest of the Corsicans. This identitarian dimension was palpable right from the time of the Consulate, and it was the ground on which this Napoleonian memory developed in Ajaccio, and became a long standing trait in the history of this city
Ndiaye, David. "Les chambres de commerce napoléoniennes de Gênes, Bruges et Cologne (1802-1815) : intégration impériale, modèles institutionnels et pouvoirs locaux." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC094/document.
Full textComparing three economic institutions – the chambers of commerce of Genoa, Bruges and Cologne – this research focuses on the relationships between the economy, society and the State at the time of the expansion of Napoleon's Empire.Based on documents from the archives of these three chambers of commerce, as well as on archives from the Prefecture and the Ministry of the Interior in Paris, this research aims to study the process of cultural transfer from 1802 onwards, starting with the creation of the first chambers of commerce in departments annexed by the French Empire. This perspective, which is part of a broader reflection on the rationality of the model of the Napoleonic chambers of commerce, allows us to analyze the degrees of local ownership of the institutions and raises the question of the specific institutional construction of the chambers of commerce in the new French departments.This research intends to show that the rules, resources and competence of the chambers depend mostly on local actors, rather than on the State. It also highlights the fact that the workings of these institutions are rooted in social and institutional networks, established by merchants who are also members of the chambers of commerce. The power to regulate the local economy, vested in the chamber by the State, relies heavily on these valuable networks. Finally, the distant location of the three chambers, in newly annexed departments, proves to be an asset, by strenghtening their position as an intermediary between the State and local merchants
Vial, Charles-Eloi. "Les chasses des souverains en France (1804-1830)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040222.
Full textHunting had always been the privileged activity of kings since the mediaeval period, and for the later Bourbons it became a consuming passion. Indeed Louis XV and Louis XVI were to be criticized by a proto public opinion ; it was thought that hunts were expensive and that they distracted the rulers from the duties of government. The royal hunts disappeared with the fall of the monarchy. But Napoleon, with his desire to appropriate the outward show of monarchical legitimacy, brought it back. Marshal Berthier was appointed Grand veneur and given the task of organizing the imperial hunt in exactly the same way as it had been done under Louis XVI. Napoleon made the hunts a powerful political instrument and a Court indulgence whilst at the same time making considerable savings. The Restoration in fact chose not to revive Ancien Régime customs but preserved the Napoleonic hunting administration. This gave rise to the paradox of a Restoration attempting to reinvigorate monarchical traditions but using structures created by Napoleon. This is that strong continuity, human, budgetary, but also political and symbolic, inside a geographical field concentrated around Paris that made it possible for the Court to circulate around the different imperial hunting residences, to dedicate certain days to the hunts, and to invite some important political figures. All of these aspects are to be found in the sources : archives, newspapers, autobiographies, artworks
Vial, Charles-Eloi. "Les chasses des souverains en France (1804-1830)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040222.
Full textHunting had always been the privileged activity of kings since the mediaeval period, and for the later Bourbons it became a consuming passion. Indeed Louis XV and Louis XVI were to be criticized by a proto public opinion ; it was thought that hunts were expensive and that they distracted the rulers from the duties of government. The royal hunts disappeared with the fall of the monarchy. But Napoleon, with his desire to appropriate the outward show of monarchical legitimacy, brought it back. Marshal Berthier was appointed Grand veneur and given the task of organizing the imperial hunt in exactly the same way as it had been done under Louis XVI. Napoleon made the hunts a powerful political instrument and a Court indulgence whilst at the same time making considerable savings. The Restoration in fact chose not to revive Ancien Régime customs but preserved the Napoleonic hunting administration. This gave rise to the paradox of a Restoration attempting to reinvigorate monarchical traditions but using structures created by Napoleon. This is that strong continuity, human, budgetary, but also political and symbolic, inside a geographical field concentrated around Paris that made it possible for the Court to circulate around the different imperial hunting residences, to dedicate certain days to the hunts, and to invite some important political figures. All of these aspects are to be found in the sources : archives, newspapers, autobiographies, artworks
Sazio, Solène. "Hippolyte Bellangé (1800-1866), reconnaissance et oubli d'un artiste aux origines de la légende napoléonienne." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMR021.
Full textHippolyte Bellangé had a long career that extended from the Restoration to the Second Empire. After exhibiting his first paintings at the Salon of Paris in 1822, this disciple of Jean-Antoine Gros quickly established himself in the artistic environment as one of the main promoters of the Napoleonic legend. Raised during the full glory and effervescence of the First Empire, he belonged to a generation of artists who, the day after Waterloo, transposed into their work a whole palette of melancholy and nostalgia towards that past glow they half-caught a glimpse of, half-fantasized about. Bellangé's success, which was strongly correlated to a context that was supportive to the spread of Napoleonic legend, gives an interesting insight into the evolution of public opinion on the one hand, and political attitudes on the other, towards the figure of Napoleon Bonaparte.His works are also characterized by the application he puts into the evocation and description of everyday life. His moving to Rouen gave him the opportunity to create a renewed iconography of the Norman countryside. Simultaneously a public figure and a multifaceted artist, his career has also been marked by his position as curator of the Musée des Beaux-arts of Rouen. This multidisciplinary background definitely offers a remarkable field of study and a valuable documentation on the careers and the status of artists in the mid-nineteenth century. The analysis of the life and work of Hippolyte Bellangé, reviewed in their political context, finally gives us the opportunity to question the notions of committed art, popular art and patriotic art in the years following the First Empire
Horn, Pierre. "Le défi de l’enracinement napoléonien entre Rhin et Meuse (1810-1814). Étude transnationale de l’opinion publique dans les départements de la Roër (Allemagne), de l’Ourthe (Belgique), des Forêts (Luxembourg) et de la Moselle (France)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA040208.
Full textOwing to its Franco-German nature, this historical study, which analyses the Napoleonic system’s implantation between Rhine and Maas (1810-1814), differs from the numerous studies devoted to public opinion since the 19th century. It is different in the sense that it innovatively sets out to address, from a comparative angle and within a transnational framework (France, Germany, Belgium and Luxembourg), the question of the part played by public opinion between climax (1810) and fall (1814) of the Napoleonic regime. By means of ‘Histoire croisée’, I have identified a certain number of fields which seem to have been, under the Napoleonic Empire, quite contentious issues. From this study emerges, first of all, that structural elements, independent of economic cycles and Napoleonic policies alike, curbed the new regime’s rooting. Instead, the latter was hampered both by cultural gaps and the memory of the preceding rule of the ‘Ancien Régime’ (Prussia, Austria). Second, the elements concerning the polity (centralisation, social order and economic system) reveal to what extent, independent of both structural elements and the economic situation, the Napoleonic regime succeeded, or failed to succeed, in being progressively accepted by ‘old Frenchmen’ as well as by ‘new Frenchmen’, i.e. those who had become annexed by the Republic and then found themselves being subjects of the Empire. Finally, the economic factors are addresses, independent, once again, of the previous ones. Leaving behind histories traditionally nationalist in tone, the present thesis may be considered as a Western European History on public opinion during the Napoleonic era
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage nach der napoleonischen Verwurzelung zwischen Rhein und Maas (1810-1814) und unterscheidet sich aufgrund ihrer deutsch-französischen Natur von vielen anderen historischen Studien, die sich seit dem 19. Jahrhundert mit der öffentlichen Meinung beschäftigen. Sie hebt sich auch in der Hinsicht ab, als dass sie eine neue Fragestellung verfolgt, nämlich jene nach der öffentlichen Meinung zwischen dem Höhepunkt (1810) und in dem Zusammenbruch (1814) des napoleonischen Regimes, der mit einem komparativen Ansatz und in einem transnationalen Rahmen (Deutschland, Frankreich, Belgien, Luxemburg) nachgegangen wird. Mithilfe des Ansatzes der Histoire croisée wird eine Reihe Themen untersucht, welche schon unter Napoleons Empire Zankäpfel gewesen zu sein scheinen. Aus dieser Studie geht als Erstes hervor, dass einige Strukturmerkmale unabhängig von der wirtschaftlichen Konjunktur und von der napoleonischen Politik die Verwurzelung des neuen Regimes begrenzten. Hierbei geht es um kulturelle Gräben und um die Erinnerung an die vorangegangene Herrschaft der vorrevolutionären Regime (Preußen, Österreich). Als Zweites wird anhand mehrerer auf die Politik bezogener Parameter (Zentralisierung, soziale Ordnung, Wirtschaftssystem) untersucht, inwieweit es dem napoleonischen Regime gelungen ist, unabhängig von strukturellen und ökonomischen Faktoren, sowohl unter „Altfranzosen“ wie auch unter der durch französische Annektionen zu „Neufranzosen“ gewordenen Bevölkerung Akzeptanz zu finden. Darüber hinaus wurden die konjunkturell bedingten Faktoren analysiert, wiederum unabhängig von den vorigen Elementen. Im Kontrast zur stark nationalistisch geprägten Historiographie des 19. Jahrhunderts wird hier eine Arbeit vorgelegt, die als eine westeuropäische Untersuchung zur öffentlichen Meinung im napoleonischen Zeitalter Napoleons betrachtet werden darf