Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Naphthalene Properties'
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1
Ashram, Muhammad. "Synthesis of calix(4)naphthalenes and their properties." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq25765.pdf.
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Le, Guen Anne Carleton University Dissertation Chemistry. "Synthesis, properties and transformation of naphthalene-based poly(arylene ether ketone)s." Ottawa, 1994.
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Broughton, Peter William Carleton University Dissertation Chemistry. "The synthesis and properties of naphthalene-based poly(arylene ether ketone)s." Ottawa, 1995.
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4
Carson, Bradley Edward. "Synthesis and properties of π-stacked phenylene ethynylene oligomers with a 1,8- substituted naphthalene bridging scaffold." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/41074.
Full textAbstract:
The field of molecular electronics includes the study of conjugated oligomers and
polymers that have significant potential for use in devices such as light emitting diodes
(LEDS), field effect transistors (FETS), and photovoltaic solar cells. These materials may
replace inorganic semiconductors in these devices, Achieving better device performance
through lowering the band-gap and achieving higher field effect mobilities will benefit
from a greater fundamental understanding of charge transfer through the aromatic
subunits. π-stacking of segments of conjugated polymers has been identified as a key
feature that influences the charge transfer through semiconducting organic materials.
Optimizing the molecular architecture of conjugated polymers has the potential to
provide materials with better charge mobility. While devices might benefit from materials
that take advantage of π-stacking, access to π-stacked structures presents a synthetic
challenge. 1,8-Disubstituted naphthalenes may serve as simple covalent bridging
scaffolds which might hold conjugated oligomers in a π-stacked arrangement. The
research described in this thesis focuses on the synthesis of well-defined phenylene
ethynylene oligomers coupled to naphthalene to serve as experimental models of closely
π-stacked aromatic units in conjugated polymers. The π-stacked molecules reported in
this dissertation are characterized by NMR, IR, and mass spectrometry. The effects of π-
stacking on the structure and behavior of conjugated oligomers are determined by X-ray
crystallography, spectroscopy, and electrochemistry.
5
Romano, Natalie C. "Photophysical Properties of Amphiphilic Naphthalene Diimide Nanoassemblies and Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles and Poly(phenylene-ethynylene) Nanocomposites." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1399035654.
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Etheridge, Forrest Samuel. "Tuning the Opto-Electronic Properties of Organic Semiconductors: Derivatives ofAzadipyrromethene, Naphthalene Diimide and Poly(3-hexylthiophene)." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459352863.
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Mao, Zhenghao. "Molecular Structures and Device Properties of Organic Solar Cells." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1395332071.
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Silva, Francisco de Araújo. "Estudo das propriedades eletrônicas e espectroscópicas de uma série de diimidas naftálicas com substituintes aromáticos com potencial aplicação em dispositivos de armazenamento e conversão de energia." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59138/tde-22062018-212611/.
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As diimidas naftálicas simétricas têm sido vastamente estudadas devido suas propriedades químicas, ópticas, e eletrônicas. A possibilidade de modular suas propriedades com a substituição de grupos diversos na formação da imida, viabiliza aplicações em dispositivos eletrônicos, conversão de energia e produção de redes de coordenação metalo-orgânicas. Neste trabalho sintetizou-se uma série de 5 diimidas naftálicas (NDIs) simétricas com substituintes aromáticos. Foram analisadas as características espectroscópicas e eletrônicas com obtenção dos valores de band-gap óptico através de ensaios de voltametria cíclica e cálculos teóricos (DFT), mostrando a influência dos substituintes nas propriedades eletrônicas. Estas moléculas apresentam indícios de agregação em determinados solventes tornando possível a produção de filmes finos. As NDIs produzidas foram intercaladas em uma matriz inorgânica lamelar, o pentóxido de vanádio amorfo, e melhorando consideravelmente, via de regra, a capacidade específica de carga quando analisados em sistemas trocadores de íon lítio, aplicados geralmente em cátodos de bateria, com valores da ordem de 190 mA.h.g-1 (sob 100 uA, variação de E +1,2V à -1,2V). É provavelmente um dos primeiros trabalhos a utilizar NDIs em sistemas mistos de matrizes inorgânicas aplicados em trocadores de íons. Algumas apresentam potencial para dispositivos de conversão de luz em eletricidade.Symmetric naphthalic diimides have been extensively studied due to their chemical, optical, and electronic properties. The possibility of modulating their properties by substitution with several groups in the formation of imides allows diverse applications in electronic devices, energy conversion, production of metallo-organic frameworks (MOFs). In this thesis, a series of 5 symmetrical aromatic-substituted naphthalic diimides (NDIs) were sinthesized. We have studied their optical and electronic characteristics obtaining optical band-gap with cyclic voltammetry tests and theoretical calculations (DFT), showing the influence of substituent in the electronic properties. Some of these imides may aggregate in certain solvents allowing this way the production thin films. The NDIs were intercalated in the inorganic intercalation matrix of amorphous vanadium pentoxide, and showed generally considerable improvement in the specific charge capacity when used in lithium ion exchange systems, that are usually applied in battery cathodes, reaching values of the order of 190 mA.h.g-1 (under 100 uA, E variation of + 1.2V to -1.2V). This is probably one of the first works using NDIs in mixed systems to applied inorganic matrices as ion exchangers. Some of them may be used for light conversion to electricity devices.
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Lundgren, Kjell. "Properties and analysis of dioxin-like compounds in marine samples from Sweden." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-24.
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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been assigned toxic equivalency factors (TEFs). These compounds are today routinely analysed with sophisticated analytical techniques. In a near future, there might be other dioxinlike compounds such as polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), alkyl-polychlorodibenzofurans (R-PCDFs), and polychlorinated dibenzothiophenes (PCDTs) added to this list of toxic dioxin-like compounds. It is therefore important to have a readiness to analyse these new compounds in environmental samples. In this study, a multi-residue non-destructive analytical method for the analyses of these planar dioxin-like compound classes was developed. The use of HPLC PX-21 carbon column fractionation enabled the separation of interfering PCBs from coplanar PCBs and other planar dioxin-like compounds of interest. The obtained planar fraction containing the dioxin-like compounds was analysed using high-resolution GC-MS. Levels of PCNs in surface sediments and settling particulate matter in the northern Baltic Sea were determined. The concentrations of PCNs in background surface sediments were approximately 1 ng/g dw and the estimated PCN fluxes were similar to the pre-industrial levels determined in Europe. The PCN congener patterns in the surface sediments suggest that the PCNs deposited in the Baltic Sea originate from similar sources. Bioaccumulation of PCNs in a benthic food chain (sediment, amphipod, isopod, and four-horned sculpin) from the Gulf of Bothnia was studied. The results indicated that only a few PCN congeners biomagnified. The highest biomagnification factors (BMFs) were found for 2,3,6,7-substituted congeners and those lacking adjacent hydrogen-substituted carbon atoms. The calculated biota to sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) showed that the tetra- and penta- CNs exhibited BSAF values higher than one, while BSAFs for the more chlorinated PCNs were less than one. A general difference between the northern and southern parts of the Gulf of Bothnia could be seen in the samples, with the lowest PCN and total PCB concentrations being found in the north and the highest in the south. This gradient is related to distance from the more industrialised and populated regions in the southern parts of Sweden and Finland, and central Europe. Analysis of R-PCDFs in crustacean samples from the Swedish west coast was performed using HRGC-MS/MS. The ΣR-PCDFs in these samples were present at concentrations up to 10 times higher than the ΣPCDFs. The relatively high concentrations of R-PCDFs in the crab samples demonstrate that these compounds bioaccumulate. The fate of a pollutant in the environment and the toxicity of a compound are governed by its physicochemical properties. The information found in a data set of properties can predict a compound’s mode of action. The following physicochemical properties for 87 PCDFs were measured: ultra-violetadsorption, relative retention times on two common gas chromatographic stationary phases, and relative mass spectrometric response factors using EI- and NCI- modes.
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Hwang, Hann-Jang, and 黃漢章. "Study on Synthesis and Properties of Novel Bismaleimide Naphthalene." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44635002562205350077.
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博士國立成功大學
化學工程研究所
84
New aromatic bismaleimides containing bis(phenoxy)naphthalene unit , were synthesized. The presence of oxyethylene bond in the backbone is expected to enhance the flexibility and the elogation at breakage of these resins. The presence of a naphthalen unit in the backbone of the bismaleimide had increased the curing temper ature and reduced the reactivity of the maleimide bond. The cured resins showed higher Tg，thermal stability and char yield for naphthalene-containing bismaleimides than the corresponding analog. A series of polyaspartimides containing naphthalene unit in the polymer backbone were prepared by the polyaddition of this bismaleimide and various diamines via a michael-type addition. Tg were in the range 192∼231℃.and the 5% weight loss temperatures were above 300℃ in nitrogn. In this study, The combination of bismaleimide containing naphthalene unit with cyanate esters had produced a series of B-T resins. The effect of chemical composition and structure on the properties of bismaleimide- triazine resin were investigated in detial in order to understand the structures-properties relat ionship. The bismaleimide-triazine resins have special features, such as better resistance to moisture absorption, excellent chem- ical resistance, good dimensional stability, low dielectric cons- tant, and low dielectric loss,wich make this type of resin import ant in the aerospace and electronic industries. Aerospace applic ations include high temperatures adhesives, protective coatings and matrix resin for structure composite. Electric applications include printed circuit boards and semiconductor encapsulants.
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Fang, Gong-Yu, and 方功羽. "Synthesis and Properties of Nonlinear Optical Polyester With Naphthalene." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7w5ba9.
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碩士國立成功大學
化學系碩博士班
90
In this research, two series of polymers were prepared. One polymer containing DR-19 as a nonlinear optically active chromophore with naphthalene group have been synthesized. The other polymer containing DR-19 with photo-cross-linkable group (cinnamylidenemalonic acid) have been syntheaized. The results show that the polymer containing naphthalene group have good processibility and can be easily casting as thin film. Those polymers have no crystalline and exhibit good opacity. Because of the polymers containing naphthalene do not have high Tg, so we have used cinnamylidenemalonic acid instead of naphthalene group . In order to prevent rotation and translation of the chromophore molecules. , we have synthesized and characterized the polymer containing crosslinkable group. In order to make the polymer consist of chromophores oriented. We used corona poling technique to form noncentrosymmetry. The electro-optical (EO) measurement was set up by a reflection method. The EO coefficient r33 range from 1.75~3.17pm/V was obtained after poling . The measurement were not expected values .Because of the thin film of NLO material deposited in vacuum. We supposed the high temperature environment disturbed the orientation of chromophores. It made the chromophores relaxation., and reduced the EO value.
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Oliveira, Juliana Andreia da Silva Alves de. "Thermodynamic and optical properties of naphthalene, fluorene and fluorenone derivatives." Doctoral thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/98747.
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Lee, Ming-Chun, and 李明峻. "Study on Synthesis and Properties of Novel Epoxy Containing Naphthalene." Thesis, 1999. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95820504373729566676.
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博士國立成功大學
化學工程學系
87
Abstract Epoxy resins have been widely used for printed circuit board and semiconductor encapsulation applications owing to their well-balanced properties. In the IC packaging application, many problems have been discovered after the soldering process, such as package cracking ( popcorn phenomenon ), delamination, and poor performance in humidity testing. Therefore, it was necessary to develop a high glass transition temperature ( Tg ), low moisture-absorbing and low thermal expansion resin system for high-reliability semiconductor devices. Utilized the planar structure and hydrophobic properties of naphthalene, novel naphthalene-containing epoxy resin was synthesized to obtain the above excellent properties. A series of various multifunctional naphthalene containing epoxy resins were synthesized that would provide both a high crosslink density and a bulky structure, exhibited better thermal properties than the CNE epoxy resin. Thermal stress causes package cracking, passivation layer cracking, aluminum pattern deformation, etc. Therefore, the development of a naphthalene-type epoxy resins modified with different silicone rubber to reduce internal stress while maintaining a high Tg was another purpose of this study. Physical properties of thermoset epoxy resin not only depend upon the structure of epoxy resin, but also the characters of curing agents. Aryl cyanate esters can be processed much like epoxy resins for many applications. Similarities to epoxy resin include no volatile polymerization by-products, stable B-stage resins, low shrinkage, high adhesion and void free structures. The object of this study was to compare the thermal properties of cured products obtained from multifunctional naphthalene-containing epoxy resin, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and o-cresol novolac formaldehyde epoxy resin cured with dicyanate of bisphenol A. The influence of dicyanate ester and metallic catalyst upon the epoxy thermoset will also be discussed in this report. In order to increase the Tg and flame retardancy of epoxy resin, incorporating a phosphorus containing bisphenol into naphthalene epoxy resins to obtain a non-halogen flame retardant epoxy resins with high thermal stability for electronic application. The effect of epoxy functionality upon the flame retardancy and Tg will be discussed. The efficiency of phosphorus as a flame retardant was found to be much high than that of bromine. The combination of tetrafunctional naphthalene-containing epoxy resin with cyclic phosphine oxide diol has resulted in high Tg ( 239℃ ) and high L.O.I value ( 35 ).
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Oliveira, Juliana Andreia da Silva Alves de. "Thermodynamic and optical properties of naphthalene, fluorene and fluorenone derivatives." Tese, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/98747.
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Gun, Chen Da, and 陳大剛. "Synthesis and properties of naphthalene derived ferroelectric and antiferroelectric liquid crystal." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33255336223675295427.
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Lan, Tung-Tian, and 藍同天. "Synthesis and Properties of Naphthalene Derived Liquid Crystals with Double Chiral Center." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66298373892418136952.
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"Photodynamic activities, metal sensing behavior, and nonlinear optical properties of naphthalene-fused boron dipyrromethene derivatives." 2014. http://repository.lib.cuhk.edu.hk/en/item/cuhk-1291904.
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Yu, Haigang.Thesis M.Phil. Chinese University of Hong Kong 2014.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-111).
Abstracts also in Chinese.
Title from PDF title page (viewed on 30, November, 2016).
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Yang, Zong-Cheng, and 楊宗成. "SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF NEW HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMERS BASED ON 2，6-BIS（4- AMINOPHENOXY） NAPHTHALENE." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85710033005159141191.
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Yang, Chan-Chong, and 楊宗成. "SYNTHESIS AOD PROPERTIES OF NEW HIGH PERFORMANCE POLYMERS BASED ON 2,6-BIS(4-AMINOPHENOXY)NAPHTHALENE." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98931500059257334112.
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陳文桐. "Studies on the preparation and properties of high-performance polymers based on m,n-bis(4-aminophenoxy)naphthalene." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13738426610548479277.
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Leu, Wen-Tsuen, and 呂文村. "SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF AROMATIC POLY(ESTER-AMIDE)S AND POLY(ESTER-IMIDE)S WITH BIS(BENZOYLOXY)NAPHTHALENE UNITS." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73256021323988416777.
Full textAbstract:
博士大同大學
化學工程學系(所)
94
This dissertation deals with the synthesis and characterization of six isomeric naphthalene ring-containing bis(ester-amine)s, 2,7-, 1,5-, and 2,3-bis(4-aminobenzoyloxy)naphthalenes (2,7-p-2, 1,5-p-2, and 2,3-p-2) and 2,7-, 1,5-, and 2,3-bis(3-aminobenzoyloxy)naphthalenes (2,7-m-2, 1,5-m-2, and 2,3-m-2), and their derived aromatic poly(ester-amide)s and poly(ester-imide)s. First, the diamine monomers with the bis(benzoyloxy)naphthalene unit were successfully synthesized from the condensation of 2,7-, 1,5-, and 2,3-naphthalenediol with 4-nitrobenzoyl chloride and 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride, respectively, followed by subsequent catalytic hydrogen reduction of the intermediate diester-dinitro compounds. Six series of novel aromatic poly(ester-amide)s were successfully synthesized by the direct phosphorylation polyamidation from these bis(ester-amine)s with various aromatic dicarboxylic acids. For the improvement of the film-forming capability of the 2,3-series poly(ester-amide)s, copolymers based on an equimolar mixture of 2,3-p-2 or 2,3-m-2 and 4,4’-oxydianiline with various dicarboxylic acids were also prepared. These poly(ester-amide)s were obtained in quantitative yields with inherent viscosities of up to 1.20 dL g-1. Some of these poly(ester-amide)s could be cast into transparent, flexible, and tough films from DMAc solutions. Most of these poly(ester-amide)s had excellent solubility in polar aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and N,N-dimethylacetamide, especially for the meta-series polymers, and showed well-defined glass transition temperatures between 179 and 237 oC in the DSC traces. The TGA curves displayed that all of these poly(ester-amide)s had excellent thermal stability with 10 wt% loss temperatures above 325 oC for 2,3-series polymers and 400 oC for 2,7- and 1,5-series polymers in nitrogen or air. Second, six series of novel aromatic poly(ester-imide)s were also prepared from these bis(ester-amine)s with various commercially available aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides via a conventional two-stage synthesis that included ring-opening polyaddition to give poly(amic acid)s followed by chemical imidization to polyimides. For improving film-forming capability and solubility, copolymers were also prepared from 2,7-substituted bis(ester-amine)s with an equimolar mixture of 6FDA and another dianhydride or an equimolar mixture of 2,3-substituted bis(ester-amine)s and 4,4’-oxydianiline with dianhydrides. The intermediate poly(amic acid)s obtained in the first stage had inherent viscosities of up to 1.37 dL g-1. Some of these poly(ester-imide)s, especially for the meta-series polymers derived from 6FDA, were soluble in all of the organic solvents tested including less polar m-cresol and THF at room temperature and could be solution-cast into transparent, flexible, and tough films with good mechanical properties. Most of these poly(ester-imide)s displayed a clear glass transition between 225 and 295 oC in the DSC traces. The TGA curves indicated that all of these poly(ester-imide)s showed excellent thermal stability with 10 wt% loss temperatures above 460 oC in nitrogen or air. Finally, the investigation of the thermal decomposition of the aromatic poly(ester-amide) 2,7-p-4a and poly(ester-imide) 2,7-p-7a using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (pyrolysis-GC/MS) showed that the early degradation of the ester groups produced 2,7-naphthalenediol as the major product, which initiated the polymer chain scission. The ester linkage within the polymer main chain disconnected first at approximately 300 oC for the 2,7-p-4a and 350oC for the 2,7-p-7a, indicating that it is the weakest bond. The cleavages of the amide and imide groups initially occurred at 400 and 450 oC, respectively. Furthermore, the thermal degradation behaviour of a novel phosphorus-containing aromatic poly(ester-amide) ODOP-PEA was also investigated by pyrolysis-GC/MS. The P-C bond linked between the pendant DOPO group and the polymer chain disconnected first at approximately 275 oC, indicating that it is the weakest bond in the ODOP-PEA. The cleavage of the P-O bond in the pendant DOPO group initiated at 300 oC. The ester linkage within the polymer main chain was stable up to 400 oC, and the amide group scission occurred at greater than 400 oC. The structures of the decomposition products were used to propose the degradation processes and elucidate the sequence of bond cleavage.
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Yu, Chun-An, and 于淳安. "mmobilization of 5-(dimethylamino)naphthalene-1- sulfonyl chloride on regenerated cellulose membranes and their sensing properties for aromatic nitro compounds." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33990776022470585694.
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碩士中興大學
化學工程學系所
99
In this study, fluorescent dye was coupled onto the surface of regenerated cellulose membrane to form a fluorescent sensor. 5-(Dimethylamino) naphthalene-1-sulfonyl chloride (DANS-Cl) was used because of its high fluorescent intensity, sensitivity, and big Stokes shift. Ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (EGDGE) was adopted as the spacer arm for connecting the OH groups of membrane and the sulfochloride group of DANS-Cl, as well as decreasing the steric effect. The DANS-Cl coupled membranes were characterized by ATR-FTIR, fluorescence spectrophotometer, and laser scanning confocal microscope. The fluorescent quenching results show that the modified membranes are sensitive to the presence of 4-nitrophenol, 4-nitrobenzoic acid, 4-nitrodiphenyl ether and nitrobenzene. The Stern-Volmer plots are found to be linear in the concentration range from 2 to 10 ppm.
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Tsai, Ming-Ru, and 蔡明儒. "Synthesis and Properties of High Performance Polymers Containing Bis[4-(4-Phenoxy)Phenyl]Ether and 1,5-Naphthalene in the Main Chain." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/17998961931088026814.
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"Tetrapyrrole derivatives with novel optical properties: part I, synthesis of ferrocene-containing push-pull diphenylporphyrins ; part II, Light-harvesting naphthalene-phthalocyanine systems." 2000. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5895795.
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by Ka Lok Cheng.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 115-122).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.ii
Acknowledgement --- p.iii
Table of Contents --- p.iv
List of Figures --- p.viii
List of Tables --- p.xi
Abbreviations --- p.xii
Chapter PART I --- SYNTHESIS OF FERROCENE-CONTAINING PUSH-PULL DIPHENYLPORPHYRINS --- p.1
Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.2
Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction to Nonlinear Optics --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.1 --- Interactions of Light with Matters --- p.2
Chapter 1.1.2 --- Structural Requirements of Second-Harmonic Generating Molecules --- p.4
Chapter 1.2 --- Ferrocene as an Electron Donor in Second Harmonic Generating Molecules --- p.7
Chapter 1.3 --- Porphyrin as a Platform of Second Harmonic Generating Molecules --- p.16
Chapter 1.4 --- Target Molecules of this Project --- p.22
Chapter Chapter 2 --- Result and Discussion --- p.23
Chapter 2.1 --- Preparation of Alkynyl Fragments --- p.23
Chapter 2.1.1 --- Preparation of 2-ferrocenylethyne (24) --- p.23
Chapter 2.1.2 --- Preparation of 1 -ethynyl-4-nitrobenzene (26) --- p.24
Chapter 2.1.3 --- "Preparation of l-ethynyl-4-(N,N-dimethylaminophenyl) benzene (28)" --- p.25
Chapter 2.2 --- Preparation of Porphyrin Precursors --- p.26
Chapter 2.3 --- "Synthesis and Characterizations of 5-(2'-Ferrocenylethynyl)-l5- formyl-10,20-diphenylporphyrinatonickel(II) (36)" --- p.29
Chapter 2.4 --- "Synthesis and Characterizations of 5-(2',2'-Dicyanoethenyl)-l5- (2""-Ferrocenylethynyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrinatonickel(II) (38)" --- p.33
Chapter 2.5 --- "Synthesis and Characterizations of 5-Ferrocenylethynyl-l 5-(4""- nitrophenylethynyl)-10,20-diphenylporphyrinatonickel(II) (40)" --- p.37
Chapter 2.6 --- "Synthesis and Characterizations of 5-Ferrocenylethynyl-l 5-(4'- (N,N-dimethylamino)phenyl)ethynyl)-10,20-diphenyl porphyrinatonickel(II) (47)" --- p.43
Chapter 2.7 --- Conclusion for Part One --- p.47
Chapter Chapter 3 --- Experimental Section --- p.48
Chapter 3.1 --- General Information --- p.48
Chapter 3.2 --- Physical Measurements --- p.48
Chapter 3.3 --- Preparation of Alkynyl Fragments --- p.49
Chapter 3.4 --- Preparation of Some Known Porphyrins --- p.54
Chapter 3.5 --- "Synthesis of Ferrocenyl ""Push-pull"" Porphyrin" --- p.58
Chapter PART II --- LIGHT-HARVESTING NAPHTHALENE-PHTHALOCYANINE SYSTEMS --- p.65
Chapter Chapter 4 --- Introduction --- p.55
Chapter 4.1 --- Porphyrin-based Light-harvesting systems --- p.66
Chapter 4.1.1 --- Multiporphyrins --- p.57
Chapter 4.1.2 --- Carotenoid-porphyrins --- p.74
Chapter 4.1.3 --- Boron-dipyrrin porphyrins --- p.75
Chapter 4.1.4 --- Anthracene-porphyrin systems --- p.73
Chapter 4.1.5 --- Dendritic porphyrins --- p.79
Chapter 4.2 --- Phthalocyanine-based Light-harvesting systems --- p.80
Chapter 4.3 --- Objective of this project --- p.83
Chapter Chapter 5 --- Result and Discussion --- p.84
Chapter 5.1 --- Preparation of naphthalene-phthalocyanine systems --- p.84
Chapter 5.1.1 --- Synthesis of zinc(II) tetra( 1 -naphthoxy)phthalocyanines --- p.84
Chapter 5.1.2 --- Synthesis of tetra[2-(l´ة-naphthoxy)ethoxy] phthalocyaninatozinc(II) (83) --- p.85
Chapter 5.1.3 --- "Synthesis of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octa( 1 -naphthoxy) phthalocyaninatozinc(II) (89)" --- p.86
Chapter 5.2 --- Absorption spectra of naphthalene-phthalocyanine systems --- p.88
Chapter 5.2.1 --- Absorption spectra at different concentrations --- p.89
Chapter 5.2.2 --- Comparison of the absorption spectra of the naphthoxy phthalocyanine with the spectra of the mixture of corresponding 1-ethoxynaphthalene and alkoxyphthalocyanines --- p.92
Chapter 5.3 --- Fluorescence Quantum yields of Naphthalene-Phthalocyanine Systems --- p.96
Chapter 5.4 --- Singlet-singlet energy transfer efficiencies of Naphthalene- phthalocyanine Systems --- p.98
Chapter 5.4.1 --- Methodology --- p.98
Chapter 5.4.2 --- Determination of energy transfer quantum yields --- p.99
Chapter 5.5 --- Conclusion for Part II --- p.103
Chapter Chapter 6 --- Experimental Section --- p.104
Chapter 6.1 --- General Information --- p.104
Chapter 6.2 --- Synthesis of tetra( 1 -naphthoxy)phthalocyanines --- p.105
Chapter 6.3 --- Synthesis of tetra(naphthoxyethoxy)phthalocyanine --- p.108
Chapter 6.4 --- Synthesis of octa( 1 -naphthoxy)phthalocyanine --- p.111
References --- p.115
Appendix A: Spectra of new compounds not discussed in the main text --- p.123
Appendix B: X-ray crystallographic data of compound40 --- p.133
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Chung, Cheng-Lin, and 鍾成林. "SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF ORGANOSOLUBLE, LOW DIELECTRIC CONSTANT POLYIMIDES BASED ON NEW TRIFLUOROMETHYL SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC BIS(ETHER AMINE)S CONTAINING NAPHTHALENE UNITS." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08551944048081643147.
Full textAbstract:
博士大同大學
化學工程學系(所)
97
Synthesis and properties of organosoluble, low colored and low dielectric constant polyimides based on new trifluoromethyl-substituted aromatic bis(ether amine)s containing naphthalene units were investigated in this dissertation. Four trifluoromethyl-substituted aromatic diamine monomers m,n-bis(4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy)naphthalene, were prepared through the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzotrifluoride and corresponding m,n-dihydroxynaphthalenes (such as 2,6-, 1,6-, 1,7-, 1,3-substitution) in the presence of potassium carbonate (K2CO3) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), followed by catalytic reduction with hydrazine and Pd/C in ethanol. These series of novel fluoroinated aromatic polyimides containing ether segment were synthesized from these bis(ether amine)s with various commercially available aromatic tetracarboxylic dianhydrides using a two-stage process with thermal or chemical imidization method. The poly(amic acid) precursors had inherent viscosity of 0.66~2.16 dL/g, and all of them could be cast and thermally converted into transparent, flexible, and tough polyimide films. These polyimide films were highly soluble in a variety of organic solvents such as NMP, DMF, and DMAc (N,N-dimethylacetamide), the glass-transition temperatures of these polyimides were recored between 222~311 oC by differential scanning calorimetery and the softening temperatures of the polyimide films were in the range of 210~286 oC according to thermomechanical analysis. These polyimides showed insignificant decomposition before 500 oC in air or nitrogen. They also revealed low moisture absorptions (0.12~0.85%), low dielectric constant (2.49~3.59 at 10 kHz), and high optical transparency (cutoff wavelength at 358~430 nm). For a comparative study, some properties of the present polyimides will be compared with those of the corresponding analogous non-fluorinated or structurally related ones.
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Wang, Je-Min, and 王哲忞. "SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES OF THE POLY(ETHER-IMIDE)S, POLY(AMIDE-IMIDE)S AND POLYNAPHTHALIMIDES EXTENDED FROM 2, 3-BIS(3, 4-DICARBOXYPHENOXY)NAPHTHALENE DIANHYDRIDE, 1, 4–BIS(4–AMINO–2–TRIFLUOROMETHYLPHENOXY)-2, 5-DI-TERT-BUTYLBENZENE, 1,4,5,8-NAPHTHALENE." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21852456465862700247.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大同大學
化學工程學系(所)
93
Part 1: A series of colorless and organsoluble poly(ether imide)s (PEIs) 8a-h were prepared from 2,3-bis(3,4-dicarboxyphenoxy)naphthalene dianhydride (3) with various fluorinated diamines via a conventional two-stage process including ring-opening polyaddition to form the PEI films. The inherent viscosities of 8 were in the range of 0.43-0.86 dL/g. The GPC data revealed that the polymers had and of 2.3-5.1×104 and 3.6-7.4×104, respectively, and the polydispersity index (PDI) values were 1.5. The 8(C) series except 8a,c(C) were highly soluble in all the tested solvents. These films 8 had cut-off wavelengths between 367.5 and 377.0 nm, as well as b* value (a yellowness index) ranging from 4.1 to 5.5. The 8 series had a tensile strength in the range from 75-104M Pa, an elongation at break within a range of 5-9%, and initial modulus in the range from 1.7-2.2G Pa. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of these PEIs were recorded between 208-281° C and the decomposition temperatures at 10% weight loss are all above 492° C in air or nitrogen atmosphere, respectively, and they left more than 51% char yield at 800° C in nitrogen. These films showed dielectric constants of 3.02-3.58(1 MHz), and moisture absorptions of 0.24-0.50 wt%. In comparison of 8 series with the analogous non-fluorinated PEI 9 series, the 8 series revealed better solubility, lower color intensity, dielectric constant, and moisture absorption. Part 2: A novel fluorinated diimide-dicarboxylic acid (DIDA), 1,4-bis(4-trimellitimido-2- trifluoromethylphenoxy)-2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene (3’), synthesized by reacting 1,4-bis(4-amino-2-trifluoromethylphenoxy)-2,5-di-tert-butyl benzene (2’) with trimellitic anhydride in polar solvents (PSv), was found to crystallize easily in amide-type solvents, such as 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N,N-dimethylforamide (DMF), 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) media, to form a series of stable crystalline solvates (3’•NMP, 3’•DMAc, 3’•DMF, 3’•DMI and 3’•DMSO) containing a certain quantity of crystalline solvent. The solvates 3’•PSv were characterized and proven by DSC, TGA, X-ray analysis, and elemental analysis. The decomposition temperature (Td) was different with the type of polar solvents in 3’•PSv. Most of the 3’•PSv were formed from 3 and polar solvents in the ratio of 1:2, and the solvation processes were found to be reversible. A series of soluble fluorinated poly(amide-imide)s 6’a-i were prepared from reacting either the solvate 3’•NMP or dry/non-solvents 3’ with an equivalent amount of diamines by phosphorylation reaction using triphenyl phosphite and pyridine as condensing agents. All the 6’ series polymers afforded tough, transparent, and flexible films. The glass-transition temperature of these polymers ranged from 259 to 305° C. All of them did not show significant decomposition below 450° C in both nitrogen and air atmospheres. For a comparative purpose, another series of poly(amide-imide)s 7’a-i derived from non-fluorinated DIDA, 1,4-bis(4-trimellitimidophenoxy)-2,5-di- tert-butylbenzene, and aromatic diamines were also prepared and characterized. Part 3: Two series of polynaphthalimides (PNI) 2” and 3” were prepared from 1,4,5,8-naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (NTDA) with usual aromatic diamines (1”a-h) or 1”a, which was used as the soluble modifying agent, and usual diamines (1”b-h) via a one-stage process at high-temperature condensation. The 2” and 3” series had inherent viscosities of 0.57-1.34 and 0.82-1.63 dL/g. Besides, 2”a and 3” series except 3”c were soluble in NMP and m-cresol and even in less polar solvents. The PNI films had a tensile strength in the range of 75-99 MPa, an elongation at break within the range of 5-21%, and an initial modulus in the range of 1.8-2.2G Pa. The glass-transition temperature (Tg) and softening temperature (Ts) of these PNIs were in the range of 360-404° C and 188-241° C, and the 10% weight-loss temperatures were above 495° C, with more than a 44% char yield at 800° C in nitrogen. These PI films had dielectric constants of 4.14-6.46 (1M Hz), with moisture absorption in the range of 0.87-1.91 wt%.
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Lai, Yu-Ting, and 賴郁婷. "Study on the Effect of Semi-fluorinated Alkyl Chain Length on the Mesophases and Electric-optical Properties of Chiral Materials Containing Naphthalene Core." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35753760323223337347.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大同大學
化學工程學系(所)
98
The aim of the research work was to investigate how the extending the semi-fluorinated chain length at chiral group and core-ring structure of novel chiral liquid crystal compounds affect the formation of ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phases and their physical properties. Three homogenous series of chiral liquid crystal compounds containing methoxymethyl substituent at the chiral centre and semi-fluorinated alkyl chains at chiral tail derived from (R)-glycidyl methyl ether were designed and synthesized.The mesophases and their phase transition temperatures were determined by the polarizing microscopic textures and DSC thermograms. Additionally, the ferroelectric and antiferroelectric phases were identified by the measurements of switching current behavior and dielectric constant ε'. The results show that all compounds I(1, m, 2) in the first series display SmA* phase and SmC* phase. Compounds in the second series, however, at low achiral alkyl chain lengths of compounds, II(1, 8-9, 3), demonstrate to exist only SmA* phase, but compound II(1, 10, 3) dipalys SmA* and SmCA* phases, and that at the higher achiral alkyl chain lengths of compounds, II(1, 10-12, 3), display SmA* and SmC* phase. Compounds in the third series, at the lower m of compounds III(2, 8-9, 3) reveals the phase sequence of Iso.-SmA*-SmCA*-Cr. and at the higher m of compounds III(2, 10-12, 3) displays the phase sequence of Iso.-SmA*-SmC*-SmCA*-Cr.. The results of mesophases clearly show that the extension of semi-fluorinated alkyl chain length from -CF2CF3 (compounds I(1, m, 2)) to -CF2CF2CF3(compounds II(1, m, 3)) increases the stability of mesophases. And the extension of phenyl ring to biphenyl ring in the core-ring structure of the molecules results in increasing melting point, clear point and thermal stability of mesophases, and changes the formation of mesophases from monotropic to enantiontropic. In addition, the extending of core structure favors the formation of antiferroelectric SmCA* phase The magnitudes of maximum Ps values for three homogenous series of chiral liquid crystal compounds, I(1, m, 2), compounds II(1, m, 3) and compounds III(2, m, 3), are in the range of 20.16-81.76nC/cm2, 74.86-88.74nC/cm2 and 71.90-127.80nC/cm2, correspondingly. From these results, it can be concluded that the magnitudes of maximum Ps values increase as the semi-fluorinated alkyl chain length extending from -CF2CF3 to -CF2CF2CF3. The maximum values of optical tilt angles for three homogenous series of chiral liquid crystal compounds, I(1, m, 2), compounds II(1, m, 3) and compounds III(2, m, 3), are in the range of 20°-32.5°, 15°-18° and 26°-38.5°, correspondingly. And the results depict that optical tilt angle has no correlation to the extending semi-fluorinated chain lengths of the molecules. When comparing structurally similar semi-fluorinated chiral compounds with different substituents (methyl, ethyl and methoxymethyl groups) at the asymmetric carbon atom, it is can be seen that compounds with methoxymethyl substituent tend to suppress the formation of antiferroelectric phase. And the magnitudes of maximum Ps values increase when the lateral groups at the chiral centre change from methyl group to ethyl group and methoxylmethyl group. In addition, the magnitudes of tilt angle (θ) values show that there has no significant relationship to the lateral alkyl substituents at chiral centre and the extension of core-ring structures of the molecules.
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Ribeiro, Filipe Miguel da Silva. "Thermodynamic properties of Mono-Halogenated Naphthalenes." Master's thesis, 2013. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/68965.
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Ribeiro, Filipe Miguel da Silva. "Thermodynamic properties of Mono-Halogenated Naphthalenes." Dissertação, 2013. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/68965.
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Yang, Guo Zhong, and 楊國忠. "Semiempirical calculations of nonlinear optical properties of disustituted benzenes and disubstituted naphthalenes." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50710871829377679374.
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HSUEH, YU-LUN, and 薛又綸. "Crystallization and Properties of Poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate)/Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PEN/PTT) Blends." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15933465864087070960.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
有機高分子研究所
91
The crystallization behavior of Poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate)/Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PEN/PTT) blends were investigated by different scanning calorimetry（DSC）, dynamic mechanical analysis（DMA）and universal tensile testing machine. In this work, the isothermal crystallization kinetics of PEN/PTT blends was analyzed from 220℃to 240℃using Avrami equation at various compositions. The equilibrium melting point was obtained using the Hoffman-Weeks method. The results of DMA show that PEN/PTT blends are immiscible. Nevertheless, small amount of PTT can increase the crystallization rate of PEN in PEN/PTT blends, which can increase the modulus of the blends.
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Lo, Verna Charlene. "Synergistic properties of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) fibers blended with novel thermotropic liquid crystalline copolyesters." 1996. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9638992.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation discusses the formulation, processing, and properties of blends of semi-flexible thermotropic liquid crystalline polymer (TLCP) copolyesters within a matrix of poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN). The TLCPs, both main-chain flexible and side-chain flexible, are categorized into three main classes: segmented block, alternating, and random (statistical). The TLCPs and the matrix were characterized in terms of their thermal, mechanical, and rheological properties. Several new structure-property relationships for the pure PEN fiber are established with strong implications for further processing studies. Fibers containing between 0% to 20% by weight of TLCP were melt-extruded into monofilaments with initial diameters from 100-120 $\mu$m. As-spun fibers were subjected to a two-stage post-treatment processing to maximize their mechanical performance. The TLCPs were found to serve several roles within the matrix when blended in concentrations from 0.25% to 20% by weight. Thermally, they were able to plasticize and nucleate crystallinity within the matrix. A semi-flexible phenylene-based TLCP was able to plasticize the matrix by lowering the glass transition temperature by as much as 14 degrees. A semi-flexible naphthalene-based TLCP, when blended in at 1% concentration, was able to nearly double the amount of PEN re-crystallized from the melt (from 20% to 40% crystallinity). Mechanically, all hot-drawn polyblends of main-chain flexible TLCP gave rise to Young's modulus values between 29-31 GPa. Thermal data and morphology data indicate that even ideal levels of in-situ reinforcement are insufficient to account for the observed mechanical property enhancements. Evidence from thermal studies shows clearly that the TLCPs can modify the matrix in which they are blended. Striking matrix modification effects are found to occur, unexpectedly, both in the presence and in the absence of the nematic texture within the polyblend upon TLCP addition. There is also a relationship between the amount of PEN re-crystallized from the melt of the polyblends to the final mechanical properties of the fibers. Both thermal and mechanical properties of the final fibers are highly process-dependent. To this end, instrumentation techniques for new processing methods were investigated and developed.
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LEE, TUNG-CHENG, and 李東振. "Effect of Melt Blending on Crystallization Properties of Poly(ethylene2,6-naphthalate)/Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)(PEN/PTT)." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/94143709369888543563.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
有機高分子研究所
92
Glass transition temperature, crystallization behavior and morphology of Poly(ethylene 2, 6-naphthalate) (PEN)/ Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) blends of different thermal history, were investigated by using dynamic mechanical analyzer(DMA), differential scanning calorimetry(DSC), polarized-light microscopy (POM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Nano-indenter. From the observation of thermal analysis, it was found that PEN/PTT were partially miscible after heating for a period of time as evidenced from the appearance of a single glass transition temperature merged from two glass transition temperatures originally. The values of Avrami exponent and crystallization rate constant were found for various blend compositions at different heating times. The equilibrium melting point was obtained using the Hoffman-Weeks method. The flod surface interfacial free energy and crystal lamellar thickness have been estimated by Hoffman-Lauritzen equation and Thompson-Gibbs equation. By XRD, we found crystal size and degree of crystallinity of PEN decrease, but modulus and hardness did not vary much with heating time.