Academic literature on the topic 'Nanotubes'

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Journal articles on the topic "Nanotubes"

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Hajeeassa, Khdejah S., Mahmoud A. Hussein, Yasir Anwar, Nada Y. Tashkandi, and Zahra M. Al-amshany. "Nanocomposites containing polyvinyl alcohol and reinforced carbon-based nanofiller." Nanobiomedicine 5 (January 1, 2018): 184954351879481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1849543518794818.

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A new class of biologically active polymer nanocomposites based on polyvinyl alcohol and reinforced mixed graphene/carbon nanotube as carbon-based nanofillers with a general abbreviation (polyvinyl alcohol/mixed graphene–carbon nanotubes) has been successfully synthesized by an efficient solution mixing method with the help of ultrasonic radiation. Mixed graphene and carbon nanotubes ratio has been prepared (50%:50%) wt by wt. Different loading of mixed graphene–carbon nanotubes (2, 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%) were added to the host polyvinyl alcohol polymer. In this study, polyvinyl alcohol/mixed graphene–carbon nanotubesa–e nanocomposites were characterized and analyzed by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and the thermal stability was measured by thermogravimetric analysis and derivative thermal gravimetric. Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction spectra proved the addition of mixed graphene–carbon nanotubes into polyvinyl alcohol matrix. X-ray diffraction patterns for these nanocomposites showed 2 θ = 19.35° and 40° due to the crystal nature of polyvinyl alcohol in addition to 2 θ = 26.5° which attributed to the graphite plane of carbon-based nanofillers. Thermal stability of polyvinyl alcohol/mixed graphene–carbon nanotubes nanocomposites was enhanced comparing with pure polyvinyl alcohol. The main degradation step ranged between 360° and 450°C. Moreover, maximum composite degradation temperature has appeared at range from 285°C to 267°C and final composite degradation temperature (FCDT) displayed at a temperature range of 469–491°C. Antibacterial property of polyvinyl alcohol/mixed graphene–carbon nanotubesa–e nanocomposites were tested against Escherichia coli bacteria using the colony forming units technique. Results showed an improvement of antibacterial property. The rate percentages of polyvinyl alcohol/mixed graphene–carbon nanotubesb, polyvinyl alcohol/mixed graphene–carbon nanotubesc, and polyvinyl alcohol/mixed graphene–carbon nanotubesd nanocomposites after 24 h are 6%, 5%, and 7% respectively. However, polyvinyl alcohol/mixed graphene–carbon nanotubese nanocomposite showed hyperactivity, where its reduction percentage remarkably raised up to 100% which is the highest inhibition rate percentage. In addition, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl alcohol/graphene–carbon nanotubesa–d showed colony forming units values/ml 70 × 106 and 65 ± 2 × 106 after 12 h. After 24 h, the colony forming units values/ml were in the range of 86 × 106–95 × 106.
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Jin, Wei, Wen Chen, Bai Tao Dong, Chun Xia Zhao, Li Qiang Mai, and Ying Dai. "V2O5 Nanotubes Novel Gas Sensor with High Sensitivity for Ethanol." Key Engineering Materials 421-422 (December 2009): 328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.421-422.328.

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Vanadium oxide nanotubes were synthesized via a rheological self-assembling process followed by a hydrothermal reaction. V2O5 gas sensors were fabricated from vanadium oxide nanotubess with an average diameter of around 90 nm and their gas-sensing properties were investigated. It was found that the sensors based on vanadium oxide nanotubes exhibit high responses ethanol gas at 270°C. The results indicate that vanadium oxide nanotube sensors will be promising candidates for practical detectors for ethanol.
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Prasad, Shiva, Harish Venkat Reddy, and Ashok Godekere. "Properties of Carbon Nanotubes and their applications in Nanotechnology – A Review." Mapana Journal of Sciences 20, no. 4 (October 1, 2021): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12723/mjs.59.4.

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One of the most distinctive inventions in the world of nanotechnology is the carbon nanotube (CNT). Many scholars around the world have been studying carbon nanotubes (CNTs) over the past two decades due to their enormous potential in a variety of sectors. Single-wall CNTs with dimensions in the nanometer range are commonly referred to as carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes are also known as multi-wall CNTs, which are made up of nested single-wall CNTs that are weakly bonded together in a tree ring-like structure by van der Waals interactions. Tubes having an unknown carbon wall structure and diameters smaller than 100 nanometers are also referred to as carbon nanotubes. A carbon nanotube's length is often substantially longer than its diameter, according to standard manufacturing methods. Carbon nanotubes are capable of exhibiting a variety of remarkable properties. CNTs have distinct electrical, mechanical and optical properties that have all been thoroughly investigated. The properties and applications of carbon nanotubes are the focus of this review.
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Hou, Wenyi, and Shaoping Xiao. "Mechanical Behaviors of Carbon Nanotubes with Randomly Located Vacancy Defects." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 7, no. 12 (December 1, 2007): 4478–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2007.862.

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In this paper, 10 0 zigzag nanotubes and (6, 6) armchair nanotubes are considered to investigate the effects of randomly distributed vacancy defects on mechanical behaviors of single-walled carbon nanotubes. A spatial Poisson point process is employed to randomly locate vacancy defects on nanotubes. Atomistic simulations indicate that the presence of vacancy defects result in reducing nanotube strength but improving nanotube bending stiffness. In addition, the studies of nanotube torsion indicate that vacancy defects prevent nanotubes from being utilized as torsion springs.
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Lin, Tong, Vardhan Bajpai, Tao Ji, and Liming Dai. "Chemistry of Carbon Nanotubes." Australian Journal of Chemistry 56, no. 7 (2003): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch02254.

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Judicious application of site-selective reactions to non-aligned and aligned carbon nanotubes has opened a rich field of carbon nanotube chemistry. In order to meet specific requirements demanded by particular applications (e.g. biocompatibility for nanotube biosensors and interfacial strength for blending with polymers), chemical modification of carbon nanotubes is essential. The tips of carbon nanotubes are more reactive than their sidewalls, allowing a variety of chemical reagents to be attached at the nanotube tips. Recently, some interesting reactions have also been devised for chemical modification of both the inner and outer nanotube walls, though the seamless arrangement of hexagon rings renders the sidewalls relatively unreactive. This review provides a brief summary of very recent progress in the research on chemistry of carbon nanotubes.
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ACAR, Muhammet Taha. "Investigation of the effects of Sr and Mn doping on corrosion tribocorrosion and cyclic voltammetry performances of TiO2 nanotubes." European Mechanical Science 7, no. 3 (September 20, 2023): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26701/ems.1265161.

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In this study, manganese (Mn) and strontium (Sr) were doped into TiO2 nanotubes (TNT), which are frequently used in energy storage equipment. The aim of this study is to compare the corrosion tribocorrosion and cyclic voltammetry performances of doped TNTs after examining their structural characteristics. XRD and SEM were used to characterize the nanotubes. After the anodization processes, the inclusion of Mn and Sr in the TNT structure was confirmed by XRD analysis. In SEM analysis, it was observed that with the addition of Mn and Sr into the solution, longer nanotubes were formed with increased electrical conductivity. Increasing the nanotube length and shrinking the nanotube's inner diameter provided increased corrosion resistance. Increased surface hardness resulted in increased tribocorrosion resistance. In cyclic voltammetry experiments, the capacitance increased approximately 5 times in Sr-doped TNT compared to undoped TNT, while it increased 10 times in Mn-doped TNT.
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Le, Minh Tai, and Shyh Chour Huang. "Modeling and Analysis the Effect of Helical Carbon Nanotube Morphology on the Mechanical Properties of Nanocomposites Using Hexagonal Representative Volume Element." Applied Mechanics and Materials 577 (July 2014): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.577.3.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are the ultimate reinforcing materials for the development of an entirely new class of composites. However, they have the complicated shapes and do not usually appear as straight reinforcements when introduced in polymer matrices. This decreases nanotube’s effectiveness in enhancing the matrix mechanical properties. In this paper, nanostructure having hexagonal representative volume element (RVE), theory of elasticity of anisotropic materials and finite element method (FEM) are used to investigate the effect of helical CNT morphology on effective mechanical properties of nanocomposites. CNT with different helical angles are modeled to estimate the nanocomposite mechanical properties. The results of helical nanotube models are compared with the effective mechanical properties of nanocomposites reinforced with straight nanotubes.
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Syahriza Ismail, Khairil Azwa Khairul, Zainovia Lockman, and Zhwan Dilshad Ibrahim Sktani. "Mechanism of Co3O4-TiO2 Nanocomposite Formation with Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance." Journal of Advanced Research in Micro and Nano Engineering 23, no. 1 (October 2, 2024): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/armne.23.1.4960.

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TiO2 nanotubes are tubular structures that have garnered significant attention in materials science and engineering due to their unique properties and diverse applications. In this study, highly ordered and well aligned TiO2 nanotubes were successfully synthesized through anodization of Ti foil in ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) containing ammonium fluoride (NH4F) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) at 60 V for 30 minutes. The effectiveness of TiO2 as a photocatalyst under solar light is limited by its wide band gap and high recombination rate of charge carriers. To address these limitations, TiO2 nanotubes were modified with cobalt oxide. The resulting Co3O4-TiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized using a wet impregnation technique, aiming to enhance the photocatalytic performance of TiO2 nanotubes across a broader range of the solar spectrum. The formation of Co3O4-TiO2 nanocomposite is by immersing the TiO2 nanotubes in the metal salt precursor solution of Co(NO3)2 for a certain soaking period. The soaking cycle was repeated a few times to ensure the deposition of cobalt oxide nanostructures on the TiO2 nanotube samples. This diffusion interstitial process via wet impregnation was time dependent, which altered the amount of cobalt loaded on the nanotube's surface. The addition of cobalt significantly improved the photodegradation activity of the nanotubes under visible light, outperforming bare TiO2 nanotubes. This enhancement is likely due to the cobalt acting as shallow traps, which effectively promote the separation of photogenerated charge carriers.
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Gábor, T., D. Aranyi, Katalin Papp, F. H. Kármán, and Erika Kálmán. "Dispersibility of Carbon Nanotubes." Materials Science Forum 537-538 (February 2007): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.537-538.161.

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Availability of a stable carbon nanotube suspension is a prerequisite for production of polymer composites with carbon nanotube as additives. In this work nanotube suspensions, which have been prepared from various nanotubes in different dispersion agents, were compared. Dispersibility of the samples was investigated by scanning electon microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Solution of a non-ionic surfactant was also used successfully as a new dispersion agent. Geometrical parameters of the carbon nanotubes were determined by using atomic force microscopy. Correlation was found between the dispersibility and the parameters of the nanotubes and relative permittivity of the different solvents.
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Jinkins, Katherine, Michael S. Arnold, and Sean Foradori. "Aligned Semiconducting Carbon Nanotubes for Commercial Logic and RF Electronics." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 15 (August 9, 2024): 1177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-01151177mtgabs.

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Carbon nanotubes are exceptional semiconductors that offer larger current densities and faster switching than conventional Si and GaAs devices, making nanotubes promising for meeting the performance and energy efficiency needs of next-generation electronics. However, the successful commercialization of carbon nanotubes necessitates the control over semiconducting purity, alignment, packing density, and scalability. The simultaneous control of these characteristics has been a major challenge preventing the integration of nanotubes in industrial electronics and the full exploitation of their electronic properties. This talk will present an overview of recent technological developments and methods that progress towards these goals. In these methods, semiconducting (purity of >99.99%) carbon nanotubes are deposited on target substrates via scalable alignment methods at room temperatures. These individual methods separately enable the deposition of quasi-aligned (±28°) nanotube arrays (~50 nanotubes µm-1) demonstrated across 100 mm substrates, highly-aligned (±6°) nanotube arrays (~100 nanotubes µm-1) demonstrated across 100 mm substrates, and the selective-area deposition of highly-aligned nanotube (±7°) arrays (~up to 250 nanotubes µm-1). The nanotube arrays with high packing density (~250 nanotubes μm-1) yield exceptional current densities of 2 mA μm-1 and transconductances of 1 mS μm-1 at VD of -0.6V. Importantly, due to the low-temperature nature of the deposition processes, these techniques offer a direct path towards the alignment of carbon nanotubes directly on Si and other materials, such as GaN or plastics, to enable high-performance 3D integrated circuits.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nanotubes"

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Pach, Elzbieta. "Electron microscopy studies on functional carbon nanotubes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/456581.

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La presente tesis doctoral se centra en el estudio exhaustivo de nanotubos de carbono funcionales por medio de técnicas de microscopía electrónica. Los nanotubos de carbono (CNTs) funcionales están atrayendo una creciente atención debido a su potencial uso para aplicaciones biomédicas, incluyendo para la adquisición de imágenes in vivo, acumulación selectiva en tumores y sistemas de administración de fármacos. Una ventaja intrínseca de los nanotubos de carbono es que su cavidad interna puede llenarse con una carga útil de interés mientras que la superficie externa puede modificarse para mejorar su dispersabilidad y biocompatibilidad. Debido a su potencial aplicación en el campo biomédico, es esencial una caracterización detallada de las muestras en todas las etapas de su proceso de preparación (purificación, acortamiento, llenado y funcionalidad externa). Para lograr este objetivo, en esta tesis doctoral hemos empleado tanto los análisis ya establecidos que incluye microscopía electrónica de transmisión de alta resolución para estudiar la estructura del material de relleno o espectroscopia de dispersión de energía de rayos X para evaluar su composición, pero también hemos explorado el uso de otras técnicas para ampliar las posibilidades de caracterización de las muestras. En este sentido, hemos optimizado las condiciones para el estudio de las longitudes de CNTs monocapa purificados por microscopía electrónica de barrido de alta resolución (HRSEM) con sensibilidad superficial. Además, la microscopía electrónica de transmisión y barrido (STEM) a bajos voltajes se ha demostrado como una técnica eficiente y rápida para evaluar el rendimiento del rellenado y la pureza del material. De hecho, la combinación de alta resolución espacial y el trabajo a bajos voltajes de esta técnica la ha hecho particularmente adecuada para el estudio de la interacción de nanotubos de carbono funcionales con muestras biológicas, como por ejemplo células. Algunos de los compuestos con interés para aplicaciones biomédicas empleados en este trabajo tienen una estructura laminar. Se sabe que los materiales laminares forman monocapas que pueden tener propiedades mejoradas o nuevas debido a efectos de confinamiento. Los CNT pueden actuar como plantillas para guiar los materiales laminares a formar nanotubos monocapa. Este es el caso de los haluros de lutecio y el yoduro de plomo. En esta tesis de doctorado hemos conseguido la formación de nanotubos de haluros de lutecio de tamaño subnanométrico, y su naturaleza tubular se ha demostrado mediante STEM con corrector de aberraciones y simulaciones de imagen. Además, se ha logrado el crecimiento con alto rendimiento de nanotubos de PbI2 en el exterior de CNTs. La estructura de los híbridos se ha revelado mediante STEM con aberración corregida y tomografía electrónica. Cabe destacar que las propiedades ópticas de los híbridos difieren de las del PbI2 en masa. El desplazamiento azul observado por fotoluminiscencia se ha confirmado mediante análisis en híbridos PbI2-CNT individuales por catodoluminiscencia-STEM. En conclusión, durante este proyecto de doctorado la gama de técnicas de microscopía electrónica utilizadas para el estudio de CNT funcionales se ha ampliado para obtener una caracterización exhaustiva de las muestras.
The present PhD thesis focuses on the thorough study of functional carbon nanotubes by means of electron microscopy techniques. Functional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attracting an increased attention due to their potential use for biomedical applications, including in vivo imaging, tumour targeting and drug delivery systems. An intrinsic advantage of carbon nanotubes is that their inner cavity can be filled with a chosen payload whilst the outer surface can be modified to improve their dispersability and biocompatibility. Being the envisaged application in the biomedical field, a detailed characterization of the samples in all the steps of the preparation process (namely purification, shortening, filling and external functionalization) is mandatory. To achieve this goal, in this PhD thesis we have employed already established analysis including high resolution transmission electron microscopy to study the structure of the filling material, or energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy to assess their composition, but also we have explored the use of other techniques to expand the possibilities of characterization of the samples. In this sense, we have optimized the conditions for the study of the lengths of as-purified single-walled CNTs by surface sensitive high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM). Besides, low voltage scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been demonstrated as a time-efficient technique for assessment of filling yield and purity. Indeed, the combination of high spatial resolution and low voltage operation of this technique has made it particularly suitable for the study of the interaction of functional carbon nanotubes with biological samples such as cells. Some of the employed compounds with interest for biomedical applications have a layered structure in their bulk form. Layered materials are known to form monolayers which may exert enhanced or novel properties due to the confinement effects. CNTs may act as templates to guide those layered materials to form single-layered nanotubes. This is the case of lutetium halides and lead iodide. In this PhD thesis we have succeeded in the formation of lutetium halide subnanometer-sized nanotubes, and proved their tubular nature by aberration corrected STEM and image simulations. Additionally, the high yield growth of PbI2 nanotubes on the exterior of CNTs has been achieved. Thanks to aberration corrected HAADF STEM and electron tomography, the structure of the hybrids has been revealed. Remarkably, the optical properties of the hybrids differ from those of the bulk PbI2. The blue shift observed by photoluminescence has been further confirmed by cathodoluminescence STEM analysis detected on individual PbI2-CNT hybrids. In conclusion, during this PhD project the range of electron microscopy techniques used for the study of functional CNTs has been expanded to get a thorough characterisation of the samples.
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Brunner, Eric W. "Bioapplications of carbon nanotubes and carbon nanotube assemblies." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2010. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/2858/.

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As new materials are discovered, their potential and applications are investigated widely across the various scientific disciplines for general or highly specialized applications. While new nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes have received the greatest interest for electronics, optics, and structural composites, their applications have also been explored for biological applications such as sensing, selective cell destruction, cellular growth scaffolds, and intracellular delivery of bioactive cargos. Carbon nanotubes are unique materials particularly suited for these applications as they possess characteristic optical and electronic properties in conjunction with large aspect ratios and massive surface areas. The work of this thesis explores the use of carbon nanotubes for cellular growth scaffolds in Chapters 3, tailoring the various properties of these scaffolds in Chapter 4, and their cellular internalization and intracellular locations in Chapter 5. The aim of Chapters 3 and 4 are to create a surface that mimics a cell's natural environment by varying characteristics such as roughness, pore size distribution, wettability, and chemical functionalization of the carbon nanotubes surface. Such variations can have beneficial, detrimental or abnormal effects on the tested cell line as a cell's natural environment within the body consists of a three dimensional mesh of extracellular matrix proteins which is not at all replicated by the commonly used polystyrene tissue culture flask. Carbon nanotubes possess diameters ranging from 0.7 to several nanometers and lengths that can range up to several microns thereby allowing certain types of CNTs to scale with these extracellular matrix proteins and thus impart a nanoscale textured topology that more closely resembles a cell's in vivo environment. Additionally, the replacement of extracted extracellular matrix proteins for coating cellular growth surfaces with synthetic carbon nanotubes eliminates any risk of pathogen contamination and batch-to-batch variability of biological specimens. Fundamental understanding of the interactions between carbon nanotube surfaces and adhered cell cultures will provide a foundation for carbon nanotube applications in 3- dimensional cellular growth scaffolds and tissue implantation devices. Chapter 5 explores the interactions between designed peptides with slight variations in their amino acid sequences and the consequential effects of these peptide interactions with carbon nanotubes for cellular internalization and intracellular location. The efficacy of pharmaceutical drugs and the cellular responses to biomacromolecules depends heavily upon their abilities to transverse the cellular plasma membranes, and exploring the interactions with designed biomolecules such as synthetic peptides provides simple methods for increasing the cellular internalization of carbon nanotubes and altering the intracellular delivery location. The results and methods investigated within these chapters can then be easily applied to other carbon nanotube transporter schemes.,
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Fifield, Leonard S. "Functional materials based on carbon nanotubes : carbon nanotube actuators and noncovalent carbon nanotube modification /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11560.

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PRADHAN, NIHAR R. "Thermal Conductivity of Nanowires, Nanotubes and Polymer-Nanotube Composites." Digital WPI, 2010. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/112.

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Ever rising power densities and smaller transistor dimensions are increasing the challenge of thermal management within integrated-circuit chips and their surrounding packaging. In addition, the need for sustainable energy has placed urgent emphasis on energy conversion. Thermoelectric phenomena, involving the conversion of heat to electrical current, provide a central focus for both needs. Specifically, there is a need to engineer materials or composites with low thermal conductivity and high electrical conductivity for energy conversion and the opposite for heat management. In this presentation, experimental results will be presented of the specific heat and thermal conductivity of cobalt nanowires (CoNW), carbon nanotubes (CNT) and polymer-carbon nanotubes, in various composite arrangements with our high precession Calorimetric technique. Due to the nature of these samples, boundary and defect scattering of phonons in nanomaterials can dominate. This scattering phenomena shows decreasing thermal conductivity in metal nanowires, turns to be good for thermoelectric application. For the CNT, and possibly due to the high volume per atom leading to ballistic phonon propagation, the observed thermal conductivity along the nanotube direction, which leads to manage the heat dissipation problem in integrated circuits (ICs) and microprocessors. The thermal conductivity of a single Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) was found to be 6600 W/mK, theoretically, twice that of diamond. When such high thermal conductivity materials are dispersed in a low thermal conducting polymer (PMMA), the effective thermal conductivity and thermal stability of the composite can change dramatically. The experimental results show good agreement with theoretical model proposed by Nelsen, Hamilton, Crosse, Geometric, and Xue. The thermal relaxation phenomena such as glass transition temperature (Tg) and dynamics of the molecules in the polymer-nanotubes composites, changes significantly different than the pure polymers during thermal treatment and is one of the focusing point of this presentation. Liquid crystalline materials confined to restrictive nano-channels are of great interest in many potential applications of electro-optics and display technology. This part of the presentation investigates the unexplored phenomenon of the coating and filling of 8CB and 10CB liquid crystals inside ~200nm diameter Multi-Wall Carbon nanopipes. The phase transition characteristics of the confined liquid crystal films were studied using MDSC technique and will be the last part of this presentation.
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Jayaraman, Karthik. "Solvent behavior in hydrophobic silica nanotubes and nanotube membranes." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/3284.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 2005.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Willey, Anthony D. "Thin Films of Carbon Nanotubes and Nanotube/Polymer Composites." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2012. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3540.

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A method is described for ultrasonically spraying thin films of carbon nanotubes that have been suspended in organic solvents. Nanotubes were sonicated in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone or N-Cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone and then sprayed onto a heated substrate using an ultrasonic spray nozzle. The solvent quickly evaporated, leaving a thin film of randomly oriented nanotubes. Film thickness was controlled by the spray time and ranged between 200-500 nm, with RMS roughness of about 40 nm. Also described is a method for creating thin (300 nm) conductive freestanding nanotube/polymer composite films by infiltrating sprayed nanotube films with polyimide.
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Bahmach, M. V., and D. V. Bychko. "Nanotubes." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/45446.

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Carbon nanotubes are long structures of cylindrical shape with a diameter from one to several tens of nanometers. They consist of one or several rolled into a tube hexagonal graphite planes. Sumio Iijima synthesized them by the method of arc evaporation. In the mid-twentieth century there were two research teams from the USA and New Zealand.
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Eberhardt, Oliver, and Thomas Wallmersperger. "Molecular mechanics methods for individual carbon nanotubes and nanotube assemblies." SPIE, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35032.

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Since many years, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered for a wide range of applications due to their outstanding mechanical properties. CNTs are tubular structures, showing a graphene like hexagonal lattice. Our interest in the calculation of the mechanical properties is motivated by several applications which demand the knowledge of the material behavior. One application in which the knowledge of the material behavior is vital is the CNT based fiber. Due to the excellent stiffness and strength of the individual CNTs, these fibers are expected to be a promising successor for state of the art carbon fibers. However, the mechanical properties of the fibers fall back behind the properties of individual CNTs. It is assumed that this gap in the properties is a result of the van-der-Waals interactions of the individual CNTs within the fiber. In order to understand the mechanical behavior of the fibers we apply a molecular mechanics approach. The mechanical properties of the individual CNTs are investigated by using a modified structural molecular mechanics approach. This is done by calculating the properties of a truss-beam element framework representing the CNT with the help of a chemical force field. Furthermore, we also investigate the interactions of CNTs arranged in basic CNT assemblies, mimicking the ones in a simple CNT fiber. We consider the van-der-Waals interactions in the structure and calculate the potential surface of the CNT assemblies.
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Castro, Célia. "Mécanismes de croissance de nanotubes de carbone alignés : relation catalyseur-nanotube." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112273.

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Dans le domaine des nanosciences qui est actuellement en plein essor, les nanotubes de carbone (NTC) suscitent un fort intérêt en raison de leurs propriétés originales qui résulte de leur structure particulière. Pour maîtriser et optimiser les procédés de fabrication, il est essentiel de comprendre les mécanismes qui régissent leur croissance. Parmi les techniques de synthèse des NTC, la CCVD (Catalytic Chemical Vapour deposition) d’aérosol, développée au laboratoire Francis Perrin, permet la croissance rapide et continue de NTC multi-feuillets alignés et propres par l’injection simultanée de précurseur carboné liquide (toluène) et catalytique (métallocène). Notre principal objectif a été de comprendre comment le métallocène donne naissance à la particule catalytique, quelle est la nature exacte de celle-ci, quels sont les paramètres qui contrôlent son activité et enfin comment les espèces catalytiques cheminent pour permettre la croissance des NTC. Grâce à une approche expérimentale faisant intervenir une étude systématique des produits le long du four pour différentes conditions thermodynamiques (flux et mode de refroidissement) et chimiques (concentration en précurseurs, introduction de gaz réducteur), nous avons mis en évidence une germination homogène des particules de fer en phase gazeuse se produisant en amont de la zone isotherme suivie de leur dépôt graduel le long du four. Les particules catalytiques à la base du tapis de NTCs alignés seraient un fer semi-fondu sursaturé en carbone qui est alimenté en continu par les espèces catalytiques qui diffusent le long du tapis de NTC jusqu’à sa base
The field of nanoscience which is developing intensively, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are attracting strong interest because of their particular properties resulting of their special structure. To control and optimize manufacturing processes, it is important to understand the mechanisms governing their growth. Among the synthesis methods of CNTs, the aerosol-assisted CCVD (Catalyst Chemical Vapor Deposition) process, developed in Laboratoire Francis Perrin, allows the continuous and rapid growth of aligned and clean Multi-Walled CNT by the simultaneous injection of liquid carbonaceous precursor (toluene) and catalyst precursor (metallocene). Our main objective was to understand how the chemical transformation of metallocene into catalyst particles, what is the exact nature of catalyst particles, what are the parameters controlling their activity and finally how the catalytic species progress to enable the growth of CNTs. From an experimental approach involving a systematic study of products all along the furnace for different thermodynamic (flow and cooling step) and chemical (concentration of precursors, introduction of reducing gas) conditions, we demonstrate a homogeneous nucleation of particles of iron in the gas phase occurring before the isothermal area followed by their gradual deposition along the furnace. The catalytic particles located at the base of the aligned nanotube carpet are semi-molten iron saturated with carbon that is fed continuously by the catalytic species which diffuse all along the CNT carpet to its base
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Choi, Yongho. "Growth, fabrication, and characterization of carbon nanotubes, nanotube films, and nanowires." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0022789.

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Books on the topic "Nanotubes"

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George, Soney C., Ann Rose Abraham, and A. K. Haghi. Carbon Nanotubes. Boca Raton: Apple Academic Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003277194.

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Dresselhaus, Mildred S., Gene Dresselhaus, and Phaedon Avouris, eds. Carbon Nanotubes. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-39947-x.

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Jorio, Ado, Gene Dresselhaus, and Mildred S. Dresselhaus, eds. Carbon Nanotubes. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72865-8.

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Balasubramanian, Kannan, and Marko Burghard, eds. Carbon Nanotubes. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60761-579-8.

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Popov, Valentin N., and Philippe Lambin, eds. Carbon Nanotubes. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4574-3.

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Morinobu, Endo, Iijima Sumio, and Dresselhaus M. S, eds. Carbon nanotubes. Oxford: Pergamon, 1996.

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Daud, Suzairi. Carbon Nanotubes. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4962-5.

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Monthioux, Marc, ed. Carbon Meta-Nanotubes. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119954743.

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Ren, Zhifeng, Yucheng Lan, and Yang Wang. Aligned Carbon Nanotubes. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-30490-3.

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Loiseau, Annick, Pascale Launois, Pierre Petit, Stephan Roche, and Jean-Paul Salvetat, eds. Understanding Carbon Nanotubes. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b10971390.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nanotubes"

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Awang, Mokhtar, Ehsan Mohammadpour, and Ibrahim Dauda Muhammad. "Nanotubes." In Finite Element Modeling of Nanotube Structures, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03197-2_1.

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Damnjanović, Milan, and Ivanka Milošsević. "Nanotubes." In Line Groups in Physics, 143–69. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11172-3_9.

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Yoda, Minami, Jean-Luc Garden, Olivier Bourgeois, Aeraj Haque, Aloke Kumar, Hans Deyhle, Simone Hieber, et al. "Nanotubes." In Encyclopedia of Nanotechnology, 1877. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9751-4_100573.

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László, István. "Nanotubes." In New Frontiers in Nanochemistry, 365–69. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. | Contents: Volume 1. Structural nanochemistry – Volume 2. Topological nanochemistry – Volume 3. Sustainable nanochemistry.: Apple Academic Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429022937-32.

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GADERMAIER, C., C. MANZONI, A. GAMBETTA, G. CERULLO, G. LANZANI, E. MENNA, and M. MENEGHETTI. "INTERSUBBAND EXCITON RELAXATION DYNAMICS IN SINGLEWALLED CARBON NANOTUBES." In Carbon Nanotubes, 171–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4574-3_23.

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GIORDANI, SILVIA, SHANE D. BERGIN, ANNA DRURY, ÉIMHÍN NÍ MHUIRCHEARTAIGH, JONATHAN N. COLEMAN, and WERNER J. BLAU. "EFFECT OF SOLVENT AND DISPERSANT ON THE BUNDLE DISSOCIATION OF SINGLE-WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES." In Carbon Nanotubes, 211–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4574-3_33.

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Shah, K. A., and M. A. Shah. "Principles of Raman Scattering in Carbon Nanotubes." In Handbook of Research on Nanoscience, Nanotechnology, and Advanced Materials, 131–45. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5824-0.ch006.

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Carbon nanotubes have attracted the scientific community throughout the world, and in the past decade, a lot of work has been reported related with synthesis, characterization, and applications of carbon nanotubes. This chapter is written for readers who are not familiar with the basic principles of Raman spectroscopy in carbon nanotubes. The structure of carbon nanotubes, types of the carbon nanotubes, Brillouin zone of carbon nanotubes, and band structure of carbon nanotubes are discussed at length, which will serve as foundation for the study of Raman scattering in carbon nanotubes. The Density of States (DOS) of single walled carbon nanotubes are illustrated by an example which will encourage readers to calculate the DOS of any type of carbon nanotube. The Raman modes of vibration are discussed, and Raman spectroscopic analysis is presented by considering the typical spectra of single-walled carbon nanotubes.
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Wypych, George. "Nanotubes – Nanotubes (generic)." In Databook of Antistatics, 318–35. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-895198-61-4.50020-1.

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Shankar Kumar, Jay, and Ashok Kumar. "Theoretical Approach of the Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves through Carbon Nanotubes and Behavior of Carbon Nanotubes as Capacitor using Electric Hertz Potential." In Carbon Nanotubes - Recent Advances, New Perspectives and Potential Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.107767.

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The electromagnetic waves and its propagation through material medium described by maxwell’s equations. We have identified that electromagnetic waves propagate through carbon nanotubes according to electric hertz potential with solution of Helmholtz equation and satisfied by using the concept of Gaussian beam or wave. When monochromatic electromagnetic wave propagates through a hollow single wall carbon nanotube, its energy absorbed by walls of nanotubes just like a capacitor because of carbon nanotubes have metallic as well as semiconductor characteristic which is shown by density of state and lattice vector. It is verified by Helmholtz equation and Schrödinger’s wave equation. Thus, the electromagnetic waves can propagate through carbon nanotubes and carbon nanotubes absorb the energy as a capacitor.
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Nayak, Santanu Kumar, Padmaja Patnaik, Dipan Kumar Das, Siddharth Parthasarathy, Niharika Das, and Subhraraj Panda. "Crafting Nanotubes From Atoms." In Advances in Chemical and Materials Engineering, 1–32. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-4397-5.ch001.

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This chapter offers a comprehensive exploration of nanotubes, covering their fundamental principles, synthesis techniques, characterization methods, and diverse applications. Beginning with an elucidation of structural concepts and classifications, it delves into synthesis methodologies like chemical vapor deposition and arc discharge, highlighting recent advancements and challenges. Characterization techniques such as TEM, SEM, and Raman spectroscopy are discussed for a deeper understanding of nanotube properties. The chapter also showcases the versatile applications of nanotubes in electronics, materials science, and biomedicine, while addressing ethical and regulatory concerns. Aimed at researchers, professionals, and students, this chapter provides a holistic overview to inspire further exploration and responsible development in nanomaterial research.
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Conference papers on the topic "Nanotubes"

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Baik, Seunghyun, Byeongsoo Lim, Bumjoon Kim, Untae Sim, Seyoung Oh, Byung-Ho Sung, Jee-Hoon Choi, and Chul-Ju Kim. "Characterization of Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes in Copper-Matrix Nanocomposites." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14224.

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Carbon nanotubes have received considerable attention because of their excellent mechanical properties. In this study, carbon nanotube - copper composites have been sintered by a mechanical mixing process. The interfacial bonding between nanotubes and the copper matrix was improved by coating nanotubes with nickel. Sintered pure copper samples were used as control materials. The displacement rate of nanotube-copper composites was found to increase at 200°C whereas that of nickel-coated nanotue-copper composites significantly decreased. The incorporation of carbon nanotubes and nickel-coated carbon nanotubes in the copper matrix decreased friction coefficients and increased the time up to the onset of scuffing compared with those of pure copper specimens.
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Sun, Xuekun, and Youqi Wang. "Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotubes." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-39484.

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Nano-scale finite element approach was used to predict the mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes. The unit-cell isolation scheme was same as that from Eric Seather [1], and nothing was assumed to exist inside any nanotube. Arm-chair, zigzag and chiral type of nanotubes with different radii were discussed in detail. The longitudinal modulus of nanotubes Ez was found to decrease with increasing nanotube radius, but to be independent of nanotube helicity. The modulus was not over 0.5 TPa for any case. Meanwhile, Poisson’s ratio νzθ was also predicted.
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Lee, Hyung Woo, Soo Hyun Kim, Yoon Keun Kwak, and Chang Soo Han. "A New Method for a Single Semi-Conducting Nanotube Device." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-61602.

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We report a new technology for the selective deposition of a semi-conducting single-walled carbon nanotube(SWNT) between two electrodes. This technology consists of two processes. First, to separate the most of metallic nanotubes from semi-conducting ones and align the nanotubes, we applied dc and ac voltage to the electrodes respectively. But, in spite of the separation of the metallic nanotubes from semi-conducting nanotubes, some of metallic nanotubes and semi-conducting nanotubes are still deposited together. The second process is to burn the metallic and semi-conducting nanotubes by applying the voltage between two electrodes which enable to obtain a single semi-conducting nanotube structure. We verified the trace of the burning by SEM images or AFM images, and checked the characteristic of semi-conducting nanotubes through the I-V characteristic graph.
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Zhao, Kuiwen, Zhenyu Liu, and Huiying Wu. "Effects of Temperature and Pore Size on Water Diffusion Inside Carbon Nanotubes." In ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with the ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2015-48725.

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Nanotube membranes show exceptional transport properties for water and other substances, which can be utilized in many attractive applications, such as molecular sieving, drug delivery, and water purification. To design effective nanotube membranes for these applications, it is necessary to understand the transport properties of water confined in nanotubes. The diffusion of water inside nanotubes plays an important role in this process. By performing extensive molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate the effects of temperature and pore size on water diffusion inside carbon nanotubes. The results demonstrate that the temperature dependence of self-diffusion coefficient of water inside carbon nanotubes is obviously different for various pore sizes. It can be found that for nanotube with diameter of 0.681 nm and 0.820–0.905 nm, the self-diffusion coefficient decreases remarkably with the decreasing temperature due to the change of water structure, which is not obvious for water in nanotubes with other pore sizes. This fundamental study attempts to provide deep insights in understanding the transport process across nanotube membranes.
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Huang, Xue Ming Henry, Robert Caldwell, Bhupesh Chandra, Seong Chan Jun, Mingyuan Huang, and James Hone. "Controlled Manipulation of Carbon Nanotubes for Nanodevices, Arrays, and Films." In ASME 4th Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2005-87033.

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Carbon nanotubes hold great promise for a number of applications due to their outstanding electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. However, nanomanufacturing issues constitute a major area of challenge for successful implementation of nanotubes. In particular, because subtle changes in physical structure (chirality) can cause the electronic structure to vary from metallic to semiconducting, the goal of fully controlled nanotube device fabrication has proven elusive. In addition, materials compatibility issues impose significant limitations toward integration of nanotubes with many substrates and systems. We have developed techniques for nanotube device manufacture that rely upon mechanical transfer of chemical vapor deposition (CVD)-grown nanotubes from one substrate to another. These techniques can be used on the level of individual nanotubes, for controlled fabrication of arrays, or for manufacture of thin films.
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Papadakis, S. J. "Mechanics of nanotubes and nanotube-based devices." In MOLECULAR NANOSTRUCTURES: XVII International Winterschool Euroconference on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1628097.

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Shiomi, Junichiro, Yuan Lin, Carl Fredrik Carlborg, Gustav Amberg, and Shigeo Maruyama. "Low Dimensional Heat and Mass Transport in Carbon Nanotubes." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18541.

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This report covers various issues related to heat and mass transport in carbon nanotubes. Heat and mass transport under quasi-one-dimensional confinement has been investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. It is shown that the quasi-ballistic heat conduction manifests in the length and diameter dependences of carbon nanotube thermal conductance. Such quasi-ballistic nature of carbon nanotube heat conduction also influences the thermal boundary conductance between carbon nanotubes and the surrounding materials. The quasi-one-dimensional structure also influences the mass transport of water through carbon nanotubes. The confinement gives rise to strongly directional dynamic properties of water. Here, it is demonstrated that the confined water can be efficiently transported by using the temperature gradient. Furthermore, the simulations reveal the diameter-dependent anisotropic dielectric properties, which could be used to identify intrusion of water into carbon nanotubes.
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Dickrell, P. L., N. R. Raravikar, S. K. Pal, L. S. Schadler, P. M. Ajayan, and W. G. Sawyer. "Frictional and Electrical Properties of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes." In World Tribology Congress III. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/wtc2005-63550.

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This presentation examines the tribological properties and contact resistance of oriented capped carbon multiwalled nanotube (MWNT) films. Highly anisotropic tribological behavior of MWNT films oriented in mutually orthogonal directions is observed. The average values of coefficient of friction varied from high values (μ = 0.795) for vertically aligned nanotubes grown on rigid substrates to low values (μ = 0.090) for the same nanotubes dispersed flat on the same substrates. The results were insensitive to humidity, which is in contrast to graphite materials. The multiwalled nanotube layers also had a monotonic decrease in friction coefficient with increased surface temperature in both orientations, having a 32% drop in friction coefficient over a 73°C temperature rise. Preliminary results from contact resistance measurements of nanotube films grown through a porous alumina are investigated as a function of applied static load.
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Suhr, Jonghwan, Lijie Ci, Jae-Soon Jang, Victor Pushparaj, and Pulickel M. Ajayan. "Continuous Carbon Nanotube-PDMS Composites." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-521.

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Carbon nanotubes are considered short fibers and the nanotube reinforced composites are always analogues of randomly distributed short fiber composites. In contrast, the real structural fibrous composites often contain fiber reinforcements where fibers run continuously through the matrix material. With the recent advance in nanotube growth, vertical arrays of nanotubes in macroscopic lengths have become available and this allows the fabrication of continuous nano-composites that are similar to the continuous fiber composites utilizing the nanotube arrays as the continuous reinforcement in the composites. This provides a chance to take full advantage of the extreme high modulus and strength for the nanotubes in structural composites. Here, this study fabricates continuous nanotube reinforced polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites and shows that under compressive loadings such continuous nanotube composites can generate dramatic increase in the longitudinal modulus and also significantly enhanced damping capability.
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Askari, Hassan, Ebrahim Esmailzadeh, and Davood Younesian. "Nonlinear Forced Vibration of Carbon Nanotubes Considering Thermal Effects." In ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34673.

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Nonlinear forced vibration of carbon nanotubes is investigated. The Euler-Bernoulli beam theory in conjunction with Eringen’s theory is considered and the thermal effect is incorporated into the formulation of the governing equation. The Winkler model is assumed for the foundation of carbon nanotube and the Galerkin method is performed to find the nonlinear ordinary differential equation of system based on the assumed boundary conditions. The multiple times scale is applied to investigate the forced vibration of carbon nanotubes. The effect of different parameters, namely, temperature variations and carbon nanotube length changes on the amplitude of oscillation of carbon nanotube are studied. It is found that the linear natural frequency of system increases by increasing the temperature and subsequently, the oscillation amplitude will decrease.
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Reports on the topic "Nanotubes"

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Fischer, John, E. CARBON NANOTUBES: PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/961519.

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Chatterjee, Tapan, Stacey Kerwien, and Elias Jelis. Microstructure Analysis of Boron Nanotubes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada562019.

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Brus, Louis E. Metallic Carbon Nanotubes and Ag Nanocrystals. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1121887.

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Pavia Sanders, Adriana, and Greg O'Bryan. Covalent Surface Modifications of Carbon Nanotubes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1373648.

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Whitaker, Craig, Jay R. Heckert, and Ian C. Uber. Synthesis of Amide Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada519137.

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Holmes, W., J. Hone, P. L. Richards, and A. Zettl. Transmittance of single wall carbon nanotubes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/841693.

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Goldhaber-Gordon, David. Manipulating Local Electronic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada486270.

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Rinzler, A. G., J. H. Hafner, P. Nilolaev, D. T. Colbert, and R. E. Smalley. Field emission and growth of fullerene nanotubes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/650265.

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Krauss, Todd. Directing Photogenerated Charges Along Individual Carbon Nanotubes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1706703.

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Resasco, Daniel E. Center for Applications of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/924034.

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