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Journal articles on the topic 'Nanostructural characterisation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Stefanis, A. De, A. A. G. Tomlinson, Th A. Steriotis, K. L. Stefanopoulos, and U. Keiderling. "Nanostructural characterisation of catalysts by SANS." Physica B: Condensed Matter 350, no. 1-3 (July 2004): E521—E524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2004.03.142.

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2

Nagul, Edward A., Charles F. Croft, Robert W. Cattrall, and Spas D. Kolev. "Nanostructural characterisation of polymer inclusion membranes using X-ray scattering." Journal of Membrane Science 588 (October 2019): 117208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117208.

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3

Tofail, S. A. M., I. Z. Rahman, M. A. Rahman, D. Sutton, and S. B. Newcomb. "Nanostructural characterisation of a thin film network of magnetic iron oxide." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 242-245 (April 2002): 588–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(01)01112-x.

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4

Subacius, Andrius, Bill Baloukas, Etienne Bousser, Steve J. Hinder, Mark A. Baker, Claus Rebholz, and Allan Matthews. "Nanostructural Characterisation and Optical Properties of Sputter-Deposited Thick Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Coatings." Coatings 10, no. 11 (November 21, 2020): 1127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111127.

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Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films, used in many optoelectronic applications, are typically grown to a thickness of a maximum of a few hundred nanometres. In this work, the composition, microstructure and optical/electrical properties of thick ITO coatings deposited by radio frequency magnetron sputtering from a ceramic ITO target in an Ar/O2 gas mixture (total O2 flow of 1%) on unheated glass substrates are reported for the first time. In contrast to the commonly observed (200) or (400) preferential orientations in ITO thin films, the approximately 3.3 μm thick coatings display a (622) preferential orientation. The ITO coatings exhibit a purely nanocrystalline structure and show good electrical and optical properties, such as an electrical resistivity of 1.3 × 10−1 Ω·cm, optical transmittance at 550 nm of ~60% and optical band gap of 2.9 eV. The initial results presented here are expected to provide useful information for future studies on the synthesis of high-quality thick ITO coatings.

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5

Gubbins, M. A., V. Casey, and S. B. Newcomb. "Nanostructural characterisation of SnO2 thin films prepared by reactive r.f. magnetron sputtering of tin." Thin Solid Films 405, no. 1-2 (February 2002): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-6090(01)01728-x.

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6

Wei, Ye, Zirong Peng, Markus Kühbach, Andrew Breen, Marc Legros, Melvyn Larranaga, Frederic Mompiou, and Baptiste Gault. "3D nanostructural characterisation of grain boundaries in atom probe data utilising machine learning methods." PLOS ONE 14, no. 11 (November 18, 2019): e0225041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225041.

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7

Rogante, M., Vladimír Havránek, Pavol Mikula, and Vasyl Ryukhtin. "Nanostructural Investigation of Case Hardened Steels for Speed Gears Applications by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS)." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 403–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.403.

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17NiCrMo7, 19MnCr5 and 27MnCr5 low-alloy case-hardening steels samples have been investigated by SANS (Small-Angle Neutron Scattering), to achieve data on bulk nanoscale structure characterisation and complementary analytical and crystallographic information. The reported results are related in particular to the size distribution of nanosized pores which can help to comprehend the structural basis for the physico-chemical properties and thus to improve quality and durability of the considered materials. A complementary PIXE investigation has been also carried out, with the aim of a non-destructive assessment of the elemental composition of the considered samples.

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8

Barroso-Bogeat, Adrián, Iván Daza Raposo, Ginesa Blanco, and José María Pintado. "Tuning the Integration Rate of Ce(Ln)O2 Nanoclusters into Nanoparticulated ZrO2 Supports: When the Cation Size Matters." Materials 13, no. 12 (June 23, 2020): 2818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122818.

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Three nanostructured catalysts with low total rare earth elements (REEs) content (i.e., 15 mol.%) were prepared by depositing CeO2 or Ln3+-doped CeO2 (Ln3+ = Y3+ or La3+; Ln/Ce = 0.15) on the surface of ZrO2 nanoparticles, as nanometre-thick, fluorite-type clusters. These samples were subjected to successive reduction treatments at increasing temperatures, from 500 to 900 °C. A characterisation study by XPS was performed to clarify the diffusion process of cerium into the bulk of ZrO2 crystallites upon reduction to yield CexZr1−xO2−δ surface phases, and the influence of the incorporation of non-reducible trivalent REE cations, with sizes smaller (Y3+) and larger (La3+) than Ce4+ and Ce3+. For all nanocatalysts, a reduction treatment at a minimum temperature of 900 °C was required to accomplish a significant cerium diffusion. Notwithstanding, the size of the dopant noticeably affected the extent of this diffusion process. As compared to the undoped ZrO2-CeO2 sample, Y3+ incorporation slightly hindered the cerium diffusion, while the opposite effect was found for the La3+-doped nanocatalyst. Furthermore, such differences in cerium diffusion led to changes in the surface and nanostructural features of the oxides, which were tentatively correlated with the redox response of the thermally aged samples.

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9

Mohammadi, M. R., M. Ghorbani, and D. J. Fray. "Preparation and characterisation of nanostructural TiO2–Er2O3binary oxides with high surface area derived from particulate sol–gel route." Materials Science and Technology 22, no. 8 (August 2006): 965–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174328406x102372.

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10

Mohammadi, M. R., M. Ghorbani, M. C. Cordero-Cabrera, and D. J. Fray. "Preparation and characterisation of nanostructural TiO2–Ga2O3 binary oxides with high surface area derived form particulate sol–gel route." Journal of Materials Science 42, no. 13 (February 23, 2007): 4976–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0380-5.

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11

Fujii, Shintaro, Maxim Ziatdinov, Misako Ohtsuka, Koichi Kusakabe, Manabu Kiguchi, and Toshiaki Enoki. "Role of edge geometry and chemistry in the electronic properties of graphene nanostructures." Faraday Discuss. 173 (2014): 173–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4fd00073k.

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The geometry and chemistry of graphene nanostructures significantly affects their electronic properties. Despite a large number of experimental and theoretical studies dealing with the geometrical shape-dependent electronic properties of graphene nanostructures, experimental characterisation of their chemistry is clearly lacking. This is mostly due to the difficulties in preparing chemically-modified graphene nanostructures in a controlled manner and in identifying the exact chemistry of the graphene nanostructure on the atomic scale. Herein, we present scanning probe microscopic and first-principles characterisation of graphene nanostructures with different edge geometries and chemistry. Using the results of atomic scale electronic characterisation and theoretical simulation, we discuss the role of the edge geometry and chemistry on the electronic properties of graphene nanostructures with hydrogenated and oxidised linear edges at graphene boundaries and the internal edges of graphene vacancy defects. Atomic-scale details of the chemical composition have a strong impact on the electronic properties of graphene nanostructures,i.e., the presence or absence of non-bonding π states and the degree of resonance stability.

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12

Nicolosi, Valeria. "Processing and characterisation of two-dimensional nanostructures." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314094893.

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Low-dimensional nanostructured materials such as organic and inorganic nanotubes, nanowires and platelets are potentially useful in a number of areas of nanoscience and nanotechnology due to their remarkable mechanical, electrical and thermal properties. However difficulties associated with their lack of processability have seriously hampered both. In the last few years dispersion and exfoliation methods have been developed and demonstrated to apply universally to 1D and 2D nanostructures of very diverse nature, offering a practical means of processing the nanostructures for a wide range of innovative technologies. Among the first materials to have benefitted most from these advances are carbon nanotubes [6] and more recently graphene. Recently this work has been extended to boron nitride and a wide range of two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides. These are potentially important because they occur in >40 different types with a wide range of electronic properties, varying from metallic to semiconducting. To make real applications truly feasible, however, it is crucial to fully characterize the nanostructures on the atomic scale and correlate this information with their physical and chemical properties. Advances in aberration-corrected optics in electron microscopy have revolutionised the way to characterise nano-materials, opening new frontiers for materials science. With the recent advances in nanostructure processability, electron microscopes are now revealing the structure of the individual components of nanomaterials, atom by atom. Here we will present an overview of very different low-dimensional materials issues, showing what aberration-corrected electron microscopy can do to answer materials scientists' questions. Particular emphasis will be given to the investigation of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and tungsten disulfide (WS2) and the study of their structure, defects, stacking sequence, vacancies and low-atomic number individual adatoms. The analyses of the h-BN data showed that majority of nanosheets retain bulk stacking. However several of the images displayed stacking different from the bulk. Similar, to 2D h-BN, images of MoS2 and WS2 have shown the stacking previously unobserved in the bulk. This novel stacking consists of Mo/W stacked on the top each other in the consecutive layers.

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13

Binner, Jon, Bala Vaidhyanathan, and Tony Carney. "Microwave Hybrid Sintering of Nanostructured YSZ Ceramics." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 835–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.835.

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Radiant and hybrid sintering experiments have been performed on dry and wet processed nanocrystalline 3-YSZ using both a conventional single stage and a new two stage sintering cycle. Whilst densities >98.5% of theoretical were achievable by all combinations, a nanostructure could only be retained using the two stage sintering approach. With hybrid heating the average grain sizes for die pressed samples were in the range 70 – 80 nm whilst for the more homogeneous slip cast samples a final average grain size of just 64 nm was achieved for a body with a final density of >99%. It is believed that the primary advantage offered by hybrid heating is the ability to use a much faster initial heating rate, 20 versus just 7oC min-1, without risking damage to the samples. Whilst detailed characterisation of the properties of these nanostructured ceramics is still underway, preliminary results have suggested that neither the hardness or toughness has been improved compared to conventional, submicron-sized 3-YSZ. As a result of detailed crystallographic characterisation this is believed to be due to a grain size dependent shift in the phase boundary composition for nano YSZ ceramics leading to ‘over stabilisation’ at any given yttria content.

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14

Costa, P. M. F. J., U. K. Gautam, Y. Bando, and D. Golberg. "Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation and Heating on the Structural Stability of Sulphide-Filled Carbon Nanotubes." Microscopy and Microanalysis 18, S5 (August 2012): 77–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927612013049.

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In recent years there has been an increased interest in characterisation methods capable of evaluating the response of nanostructured materials such as quantum dots and nanotubes to externally applied stimuli. However, due to issues concerning sample homogeneity and non-uniform orientation, the study of collective responses can lead to ambiguous results. Therefore, it is crucial to perform a complementary evaluation at the single nanostructure level which requires the use of sophisticated analytical instrumentation. In addition to high spatial resolution, the equipment employed must permit sample manipulation and real-time imaging of the in situ stimulus response. Transmission electron microscopes (TEM) observe all these requirements. Furthermore, novel developments in sample holder design and manufacturing have opened a window to an unprecedented range of new in situ experiments. As a result, varied reports are increasingly populating the in situ TEM literature examining such different matters as temperature-related structural phase changes of nanoparticles or dopant diffusion in nanoscaled batteries.

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15

Thomas, Marykutty, S. K. Ghosh, and K. C. George. "Characterisation of nanostructured silver orthophosphate." Materials Letters 56, no. 4 (October 2002): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-577x(02)00496-2.

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16

Van Petegem, S., Jan Kuriplach, Helena Van Swygenhoven, R. Meyer, Charles Dauwe, and Danny Segers. "Characterisation of Defects in Simulated Nanostructures." Materials Science Forum 445-446 (January 2004): 204–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.445-446.204.

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17

Kalpanadevi, K., C. R. Sinduja, and R. Manimekalai. "Synthesis and characterisation of Ni0.25Co0.75Fe2O4 nanostructures." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 30, no. 1 (February 2, 2016): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v30i1.7.

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18

Oliver, R. "Growth and characterisation of nitride nanostructures." Materials Science and Technology 18, no. 11 (November 2002): 1257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/026708302225007358.

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19

Blank, V. D., A. Seepujak, E. V. Polyakov, D. V. Batov, B. A. Kulnitskiy, Yu N. Parkhomenko, E. A. Skryleva, U. Bangert, A. Gutiérrez-Sosa, and A. J. Harvey. "Growth and characterisation of BNC nanostructures." Carbon 47, no. 14 (November 2009): 3167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2009.07.022.

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20

Pramoda, K. P., Tang Seow Mun, G. K. L. Goh, B. K. Lok, and Albert Lu. "Characteristics of Hydrothermally Deposited Nanostructured (NiZn) Fe2O4 Films." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 5 (May 1, 2008): 2609–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18291.

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This work is devoted to the hydrothermal deposition of nanostructured (NiZn) Fe2O4 films on PCB substrates and their structural, morphological and electro-magnetic characterisation. Ferrite films were prepared by the hydrothermal treatment of iron, nickel and zinc nitrate solutions in the presence of reduced iron powder and urea at a temperature of 150 °C for 2 hrs. The resulting films with a black appearance are homogeneous without visible pores. The film formed is polycrystalline with a spinel structure and a thickness of about 1.5 μm. Characterisation of the films by a variety of techniques showed that their magnetic and electrical properties are comparable to those of films prepared by other methods reported in the literature.

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21

Akın, S., and S. Sönmezoğlu. "Nanostructured TiO2thin films: synthesis and characterisations." Materials Technology 27, no. 5 (November 2012): 342–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1753555712y.0000000017.

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22

Weber, Jessica, Rahul Singhal, Souhail Zekri, and Ashok Kumar. "One-dimensional nanostructures: fabrication, characterisation and applications." International Materials Reviews 53, no. 4 (July 2008): 235–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174328008x348183.

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23

Moumeni, H., S. Alleg, C. Djebbari, F. Z. Bentayeb, and J. M. Grenèche. "Synthesis and characterisation of nanostructured FeCo alloys." Journal of Materials Science 39, no. 16/17 (August 2004): 5441–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jmsc.0000039262.37788.b7.

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24

Hasany, Syed Farhan, Sajid Hussain, Syed M. Usman Ali, Wafaa Abdul-Kadhim, and Muhammad Amir. "ZnO nanostructures: comparative synthetic and characterisation studies." Micro & Nano Letters 15, no. 14 (December 16, 2020): 972–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/mnl.2019.0795.

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25

Khan, Pritam, Grace Brennan, James Lillis, Syed A. M. Tofail, Ning Liu, and Christophe Silien. "Characterisation and Manipulation of Polarisation Response in Plasmonic and Magneto-Plasmonic Nanostructures and Metamaterials." Symmetry 12, no. 8 (August 17, 2020): 1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12081365.

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Optical properties of metal nanostructures, governed by the so-called localised surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effects, have invoked intensive investigations in recent times owing to their fundamental nature and potential applications. LSPR scattering from metal nanostructures is expected to show the symmetry of the oscillation mode and the particle shape. Therefore, information on the polarisation properties of the LSPR scattering is crucial for identifying different oscillation modes within one particle and to distinguish differently shaped particles within one sample. On the contrary, the polarisation state of light itself can be arbitrarily manipulated by the inverse designed sample, known as metamaterials. Apart from polarisation state, external stimulus, e.g., magnetic field also controls the LSPR scattering from plasmonic nanostructures, giving rise to a new field of magneto-plasmonics. In this review, we pay special attention to polarisation and its effect in three contrasting aspects. First, tailoring between LSPR scattering and symmetry of plasmonic nanostructures, secondly, manipulating polarisation state through metamaterials and lastly, polarisation modulation in magneto-plasmonics. Finally, we will review recent progress in applications of plasmonic and magneto-plasmonic nanostructures and metamaterials in various fields.

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26

Hosseinnejad, Mohammad Taghi, Mehdi Ettehadi-Abari, and Naser Panahi. "Structural, Morphological and Mechanical Characterisation of Molybdenum Nitride Thin Films Deposited by a Plasma Focus Device." Journal of Chemical Research 41, no. 12 (December 2017): 699–704. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/174751917x15123397683442.

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This research focuses on the characterisation of nanostructured molybdenum nitride (MoN) thin films deposited on glass substrates at room temperature using a low-energy (1.1 kJ) plasma focus device. The nanostructure, surface morphology, electrical resistivity and mechanical properties of MoN thin films were studied in terms of the number of shots required to prepare them. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that all of the deposited layers were polycrystalline in nature, possessing the γ-Mo2N (fcc) structure. The XRD results also revealed that the degree of crystallinity and residual stress of the thin films were strongly dependent on the number of shots. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed the Mo 3d3/2, Mo 3d5/2, Mo 3p3/2 and N 1s peaks for all of the thin films, confirming the formation of the γ-Mo2N structure. Scanning electron microscopy images showed the growth of granular structures and then the formation of larger-sized agglomerates on the surfaces of the samples with increasing numbers of shots. Atomic force microscopy indicated that grain sizes on surface layers as well as the average and root mean square roughness increased for samples deposited with more shots. Furthermore, the variations in hardness and electrical resistivity of the deposited MoN thin films were qualitatively explained on the basis of the morphological properties of the samples.

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27

Cioffi, N., L. Torsi, L. Sabbatini, P. G. Zambonin, and T. Bleve-Zacheo. "Electrosynthesis and characterisation of nanostructured palladium–polypyrrole composites." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 488, no. 1 (June 2000): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0728(00)00180-7.

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28

Fernández, Asunción, and Teresa C. Rojas. "Microstructural and Chemical Characterisation of Metal Particles Nanostructures." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 44, no. 10 (2003): 2055–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.44.2055.

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29

Harnagea, C., C. V. Cojocaru, R. Nechache, O. Gautreau, F. Rosei, and A. Pignolet. "Towards ferroelectric and multiferroic nanostructures and their characterisation." International Journal of Nanotechnology 5, no. 9/10/11/12 (2008): 930. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijnt.2008.019827.

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30

Truong, Nguyen Ngoc Khoa, Tran Nam Trung, Nguyen Tu, Nguyen Van Nghia, and Doan Minh Thuy. "Preparation and characterisation of silver doped ZnO nanostructures." International Journal of Nanotechnology 10, no. 3/4 (2013): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijnt.2013.053139.

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31

Dodoo-Arhin, David. "Synthesis, characterisation and applications of nanostructured copper oxide." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 73, a2 (December 1, 2017): C1220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273317083541.

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32

Wei, Q. F., X. Q. Wang, and W. D. Gao. "AFM and ESEM characterisation of functionally nanostructured fibres." Applied Surface Science 236, no. 1-4 (September 2004): 456–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.05.094.

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33

Brown, I. W. M., M. E. Bowden, T. Kemmitt, and K. J. D. MacKenzie. "Structural and thermal characterisation of nanostructured alumina templates." Current Applied Physics 6, no. 3 (June 2006): 557–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2005.11.060.

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34

Shmeliov, A., M. Shannon, P. Wang, P. D. Nellist, and V. Nicolosi. "Imaging and diffraction characterisation of 2D inorganic nanostructures." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 371 (July 2, 2012): 012071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/371/1/012071.

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35

Chun long, Zou, Wang Sheng huai, Zhong Yu ning, Xu Feng hua, and Wu Xiao tong. "Fabrication and characterisation of nanostructure step height sample." International Journal of Computing Science and Mathematics 12, no. 1 (2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcsm.2020.10030825.

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hua, Xu Feng, Wu Xiao tong, Zou Chun long, Wang Sheng huai, and Zhong Yu ning. "Fabrication and characterisation of nanostructure step height sample." International Journal of Computing Science and Mathematics 12, no. 1 (2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijcsm.2020.108791.

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37

Aminorroaya Yamini, S., D. R. G. Mitchell, and M. Avdeev. "In situ characterisation of nanostructured multiphase thermoelectric materials at elevated temperatures." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 48 (2016): 32814–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp05232k.

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Multiphase thermoelectric materials exhibit higher efficiencies than their single-phase counterparts. Here, we performed in situ high temperature structural characterisations and shown a strong chemical interaction between secondary phases and matrices at elevated temperatures.

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38

Brown, Ian William Murray, M. E. Bowden, T. Kemmitt, A. Kirchner, and Kenneth MacKenzie. "New Ceramic Membrane Materials for Gas Purification." Advanced Materials Research 29-30 (November 2007): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.29-30.15.

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This paper examines processes for the preparation and characterisation of new ceramic membrane materials with potential for gas purification, based on nanostructured anodic alumina. The ultimate research goal is to develop a membrane capable of separating hydrogen from hot synthesis gas so a key factor is the ability of the membrane to operate successfully at temperatures in excess of 800°C. Two membrane materials are compared and contrasted: a commercial Whatman product and a membrane prepared in our laboratory. We have demonstrated that the fabrication conditions, most particularly the acid environment used during membrane fabrication, controls and directs the high temperature behaviour of the membranes. Membranes prepared using sulphuric acid electrolytes have been shown to withstand 800°C without distortion and without compromising their nanostructured pore array.

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39

Walczak, S., and M. Sibiński. "Flexible, textronic temperature sensors, based on carbon nanostructures." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 759–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2014-0082.

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Abstract The paper presents a comparative analysis of two types of flexible temperature sensors, made of carbon-based nanostructures composites. These sensors were fabricated by a low-cost screen-printing method, which qualifies them to large scale, portable consumer electronic products. Results of examined measurements show the possibility of application for thick film devices, especially dedicated to wearable electronics, also known as a textronics. Apart from general characterisation, the influence of technological processes on specific sensor parameters were examined, particulary the value of the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) and its stability during the device bending.

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40

Kalenczuk, R. J., E. Borowiak-Palen, T. Pichler, M. Rümmeli, and J. Fink. "Studies on the Preparation and Characterisation of Carbon Nanostructures." Solid State Phenomena 99-100 (July 2004): 269–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.99-100.269.

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We present a study on the preparation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) using chemical vapour deposition (CVD). The CVD produced MWCNT and single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) produced with a laser ablation technique were then chemically modified by substituting carbon atoms with boron and nitrogen atoms. The morphology and the crystal structure of the new class of nanostructures were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

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41

Schwanbeck, H., and U. Schmidt. "Preparation and characterisation of magnetic nanostructures using filtration membranes." Electrochimica Acta 45, no. 27 (September 2000): 4389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0013-4686(00)00502-8.

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42

Huang, Wei, Huating Dou, Houjiu Wu, Zhigao Sun, Hua Wang, and Linhua Huang. "Preparation and Characterisation of Nobiletin-Loaded Nanostructured Lipid Carriers." Journal of Nanomaterials 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2898342.

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The objective of this manuscript was to investigate and optimise the potential of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) as a carrier system for nobiletin (NOB), which was prepared by high-pressure homogenisation method. Additionally, this study was focused on the application of NOB-loaded NLC (NOB-NLC) in functional food. Response surface method with a three-level Box–Behnken design was validated through analysis of variance, and the robustness of the design was confirmed through the correspondence between the values measured in the experiments and the predicted ones. Properties of the prepared NOB-NLC, such as Z-average, polydispersity, entrapment efficiency, zeta potential, morphology, and crystallinity, were investigated. NOB-NLC exhibited a spherical shape with a diameter of 112.27 ± 5.33 nm, zeta potential of −35.1 ± 2.94 mV, a polydispersity index of 0.251 ± 0.058, and an EE of 81.06% ± 6.02%. Results from X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry of NOB-NLC reviewed that the NOB crystal might be converted to an amorphous state. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis demonstrated that chemical interaction was absent between the compound and lipid mixture in NOB-NLC.

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Elliott, Joanne M., and John R. Owen. "Electrochemical impedance characterisation of a nanostructured (mesoporous) platinum film." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2, no. 24 (2000): 5653–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b006462i.

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Faiz, M., and N. Tabet. "Synthesis and characterisation of nanostructured barium cuprate thin films." International Journal of Nano and Biomaterials 2, no. 1/2/3/4/5 (2009): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijnbm.2009.027717.

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Roullier, V., V. Marchi Artzner, O. Cador, F. Dorson, T. Aubert, S. Cordier, Y. Molard, F. Grasset, S. Mornet, and H. Haneda. "Synthesis and characterisation of magnetic-luminescent composite colloidal nanostructures." International Journal of Nanotechnology 7, no. 1 (2010): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijnt.2010.029547.

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Fuentes, Rodolfo O., Fernando F. Muñoz, Leandro M. Acuña, A. Gabriela Leyva, and Richard T. Baker. "Preparation and characterisation of nanostructured gadolinia-doped ceria tubes." Journal of Materials Chemistry 18, no. 46 (2008): 5689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b812795f.

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Chu, K., and Y. G. Shen. "Mechanical and tribological characterisation of nanostructured Ti/TiB2multilayer films." Surface Engineering 24, no. 6 (November 2008): 402–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/174329408x282541.

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Ponta, O., R. Ciceo-Lucacel, A. Vulpoi, T. Radu, V. Simon, and S. Simon. "Synthesis and characterisation of nanostructured silica-powellite-HAP composites." Journal of Materials Science 50, no. 2 (October 15, 2014): 577–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-014-8615-3.

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Deuerler, Friederike, Nicolas Woehrl, and Volker Buck. "Characterisation of nanostructured diamond coatings on various hardmetal surfaces." International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 24, no. 5 (September 2006): 392–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2005.11.006.

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Bartuli, C., T. Valente, E. Bemporad, and F. Carassiti. "Rapid solidification of plasma sprayed advanced materials: nanostructure characterisation." International Journal of Materials and Product Technology 20, no. 5/6 (2004): 377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijmpt.2004.004776.

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