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Journal articles on the topic 'Nanostrucred composites electrodes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 29 June 2021

Last updated: 15 February 2022

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1

Li, Geng. "Electrochemical Sensor under Nanostructured Materials." Key Engineering Materials 852 (July 2020): 70–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.852.70.

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In order to study the electrochemical sensor of nanometer mechanism materials to realize the high sensitive detection of different chemical molecules, in this research, the preparation methods of molybdenum dioxide nanomaterials, molybdenum dioxide/metal particles (Au, Pt, Au@Pt) composites and the preparation of molybdenum dioxide nanomaterials, molybdenum dioxide /Au composite nanomaterials, molybdenum dioxide /Pt composite nanomaterials and molybdenum dioxide /Au @Pt composite nanomaterials were introduced. Then the electrochemical behavior of several modified electrodes, electrochemical behavior in catechol system, scanning and pH were applied to the modified electrode. Finally, the electrode p-catechol system was detected by differential pulse voltammetry and the actual samples were analyzed. The results showed that compared with unmodified electrode materials, the electrode modified by molybdenum dioxide nanomaterials, molybdenum dioxide /Au composite nanomaterials, molybdenum dioxide /Pt composite nanomaterials and molybdenum dioxide /Au @Pt composite nanomaterials has better electrocatalytic performance and the detection of catechol has a good effect. Among them, the electrochemical sensor constructed by MoS2-Au@Pt composite has the best detection performance for catechol. The results have a good guiding significance for the performance improvement of electrochemical sensor.

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2

Song, Yu, Mingyue Zhang, Tianyu Liu, Tianjiao Li, Di Guo, and Xiao-Xia Liu. "Cobalt-Containing Nanoporous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanocuboids from Zeolite Imidazole Frameworks for Supercapacitors." Nanomaterials 9, no. 8 (August 2, 2019): 1110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9081110.

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Pyrolyzing metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) typically yield composites consisting of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles finely dispersed on carbon matrices. The blend of pseudocapacitive metal oxides and conductive metals, as well as highly porous carbon networks, offer unique opportunities to obtain supercapacitor electrodes with mutually high capacitances and excellent rate capabilities. Herein, we demonstrate nitrogen-doped carbon nanocuboid arrays grown on carbon fibers and incorporating cobalt metal and cobalt metal oxides. This composite was synthesized via pyrolysis of a chemical bath deposited MOF, cobalt-containing zeolite imidazole framework (Co–ZIF). The active materials for charge storage are the cobalt oxide and nitrogen-doped carbon. Additionally, the Co metal and the nanoporous carbon network facilitated electron transport and the rich nanopores in each nanocuboid shortened ion diffusion distance. Benefited from these merits, our Co–ZIF-derived electrode delivered an areal capacitance of 1177 mF cm−2 and excellent cycling stability of ~94% capacitance retained after 20,000 continuous charge–discharge cycles. An asymmetric supercapacitor prototype having the Co–ZIF-derived hybrid material (positive electrode) and activated carbon (negative electrode) achieved a maximal volumetric energy density of 1.32 mWh cm−3 and the highest volumetric power density of 376 mW cm−3. This work highlights the promise of metal–metal oxide–carbon nanostructured composites as electrodes in electrochemical energy storage devices.

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Veldevi, T., K. Thileep Kumar, R. A. Kalaivani, S. Raghu, and A. M. Shanmugharaj. "Synthesis of Hierarchical Graphene-MnO2 Nanowire Composites with Enhanced Specific Capacitance." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 8 (June 28, 2019): 1709–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.21924.

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Hierarchical nanostructured graphene–manganese dioxide nanowire (G-MnO2-NW) composites have been prepared by hydrothermal synthesis route using water/1-decanol as the medium. Synthesized materials were analyzed using various characterization tools to corroborate their chemical compositions, structure/morphology and surface area. Electrochemical measurements of the synthesized G-MnO2-NW electrode materials delivered the highest specific capacity (255 Fg-1), high rate capability and improved cycling stability at 0.5 Ag–1 in 1M sodium sulfate solution and this fact may be attributed to its high surface area and porosity. Moreover, synthesized G-MnO2-NW electrodes displayed better energy and power density, when compared to the MnO2-NW based electrodes.

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4

Kalinina, Elena, and Elena Pikalova. "Opportunities, Challenges and Prospects for Electrodeposition of Thin-Film Functional Layers in Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology." Materials 14, no. 19 (September 26, 2021): 5584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195584.

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Electrolytic deposition (ELD) and electrophoretic deposition (EPD) are relevant methods for creating functional layers of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). This review discusses challenges, new findings and prospects for the implementation of these methods, with the main emphasis placed on the use of the ELD method. Topical issues concerning the formation of highly active SOFC electrodes using ELD, namely, the electrochemical introduction of metal cations into a porous electrode backbone, the formation of composite electrodes, and the electrochemical synthesis of perovskite-like electrode materials are considered. The review presents examples of the ELD formation of the composite electrodes based on porous platinum and silver, which retain high catalytic activity when used in the low-temperature range (400–650 °C). The features of the ELD/EPD co-deposition in the creation of nanostructured electrode layers comprising metal cations, ceramic nanoparticles, and carbon nanotubes, and the use of EPD to create oriented structures are also discussed. A separate subsection is devoted to the electrodeposition of CeO2-based film structures for barrier, protective and catalytic layers using cathodic and anodic ELD, as well as to the main research directions associated with the deposition of the SOFC electrolyte layers using the EPD method.

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Kulandaivalu, Shalini, and Yusran Sulaiman. "Recent Advances in Layer-by-Layer Assembled Conducting Polymer Based Composites for Supercapacitors." Energies 12, no. 11 (June 1, 2019): 2107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112107.

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Development of well-designed electrodes is the key to achieve high performance supercapacitors. Therefore, as one of the effective methods, a layer-by-layer (LBL) approach is often fruitfully employed for the fabrication of electrode material. Benefiting from a tunable parameter of the LBL approach, this approach has paved a way to design a highly ordered nanostructured electrode material with excellent performance. Conducting polymers (CPs) are the frontrunners in supercapacitors and notably, the LBL assembly of CPs is attracting extensive attention. Therefore, this critical review covers a comprehensive discussion on the research progress of CP-based composites with special importance on the LBL approach predominately for supercapacitors. Following a brief discussion on supercapacitors and CPs, the most up-to-date techniques used in LBL are highlighted.

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6

Milikic, Jadranka, Nevena Markicevic, Aleksandar Jovic, Radmila Hercigonja, and Biljana Sljukic. "Glass-like carbon, pyrolytic graphite or nanostructured carbon for electrochemical sensing of bismuth ion?" Processing and Application of Ceramics 10, no. 2 (2016): 87–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pac1602087m.

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Different carbon electrodes were explored for application in electroanalysis, namely for sensing of bismuth ion as model analyte. Carbon materials tested included glassy carbon, basal and edge plane pyrolytic graphite, as well as nanostructured carbonized polyaniline prepared in the presence of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid. Bismuth ion was chosen as model analyte as protocol for its detection and quantifications is still to be determined. Herein, anodic stripping voltammetry was used with study of effect of several parameters such as scan rate and deposition time. Electrode based on carbonized polyaniline showed the highest activity for bismuth ion sensing in terms of the highest current densities recorded both in a laboratory and in real sample, while basal plane pyrolytic graphite electrode gave the lowest limit of detection.

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7

Al-Ahmed, Amir. "Electrode Modification for Better Kinetics in all Vanadium Redox Flow Battery (AVRFB): A Short Review." Advanced Materials Research 1116 (July 2015): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1116.229.

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One critical component in a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) system is its electrode. The redox reactions between V+2/V+3 and V+4/V+5 take place on electrodes surfaces. Commonly used electrode material is the graphite felts (GFs); this material has good chemical and electrochemical stabilities, conductivity, and suitable surface area, with low price tag. However, its relatively poor kinetics and electrochemical activity often limit the VRFB operation at low current density. Many researchers have attempted to enhance VRFB performance by trying other carbon materials such as, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and composite materials. They also deposited noble metals on to these electrodes as catalysts, which are not very practical due to their high cost and susceptibility to hydrogen/oxygen evolution reactions. Low-cost metal oxides, such as Mn3O4, CeO2 and WO3 were also been explored as catalysts, but their performance is limited by their low conductivity and stability in concentrated sulfuric acid. Significant improvement in electrode performance are reported when different nanostructured metal catalysts were deposited. However, the performance of modified electrodes also depends on the size and uniform distribution of these nanoparticles. In this article, some important developments of this area are reviewed.

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8

Ho, Mui Yen, Poi Sim Khiew, Dino Isa, and Wee Siong Chiu. "Electrochemical studies on nanometal oxide-activated carbon composite electrodes for aqueous supercapacitors." Functional Materials Letters 07, no. 06 (December 2014): 1440012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604714400128.

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In present study, the electrochemical performance of eco-friendly and cost-effective titanium oxide ( TiO 2)-based and zinc oxide-based nanocomposite electrodes were studied in neutral aqueous Na 2 SO 3 electrolyte, respectively. The electrochemical properties of these composite electrodes were studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge–discharge (CD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The experimental results reveal that these two nanocomposite electrodes achieve the highest specific capacitance at fairly low oxide loading onto activated carbon (AC) electrodes, respectively. Considerable enhancement of the electrochemical properties of TiO 2/AC and ZnO /AC nanocomposite electrodes is achieved via synergistic effects contributed from the nanostructured metal oxides and the high surface area mesoporous AC. Cations and anions from metal oxides and aqueous electrolyte such as Ti 4+, Zn 2+, Na + and [Formula: see text] can occupy some pores within the high-surface-area AC electrodes, forming the electric double layer at the electrode–electrolyte interface. Additionally, both TiO 2 and ZnO nanoparticles can provide favourable surface adsorption sites for [Formula: see text] anions which subsequently facilitate the faradaic processes for pseudocapacitive effect. These two systems provide the low cost material electrodes and the low environmental impact electrolyte which offer the increased charge storage without compromising charge storage kinetics.

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9

Kwon, Nam, Divine Mouck-Makanda, and Katharina Fromm. "A Review: Carbon Additives in LiMnPO4- and LiCoO2-Based Cathode Composites for Lithium Ion Batteries." Batteries 4, no. 4 (October 15, 2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries4040050.

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Carbon plays a critical role in improving the electronic conductivity of cathodes in lithium ion batteries. Particularly, the characteristics of carbon and its composite with electrode material strongly affect battery properties, governed by electron as well as Li+ ion transport. We have reviewed here various types of carbon materials and organic carbon sources in the production of conductive composites of nano-LiMnPO4 and LiCoO2. Various processes of making these composites with carbon or organic carbon sources and their characterization have been reviewed. Finally, the type and amount of carbon and the preparation methods of composites are summarized along with their battery performances and cathode materials. Among the different processes of making a composite, ball milling provided the benefit of dense and homogeneous nanostructured composites, leading to higher tap-density and thus increasing the volumetric energy densities of cathodes.

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10

Sehrawat, Poonam, Abid Abid, Saikh S. Islam, Alain Mauger, and Christian M. Julien. "Nanostructured Graphene Oxide-Based Hybrids as Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries." C 6, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c6040081.

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Presently, the negative electrodes of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are constituted by carbon-based materials, which exhibit a limited specific capacity 372 mAh g−1 associated with the cycle in the composition between C and LiC6. Therefore, many efforts are currently made towards the technological development of nanostructured graphene materials because of their extraordinary mechanical, electrical, and electrochemical properties. Recent progress on advanced hybrids based on graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has demonstrated the synergistic effects between graphene and an electroactive material (silicon, germanium, metal oxides (MOx)) as electrode for electrochemical devices. In this review, attention is focused on advanced materials based on GO and rGO and their composites used as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

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11

Tran Huu, Ha, Xuan Dieu Nguyen Thi, Kim Nguyen Van, Sung Jin Kim, and Vien Vo. "A Facile Synthesis of MoS2/g-C3N4 Composite as an Anode Material with Improved Lithium Storage Capacity." Materials 12, no. 11 (May 28, 2019): 1730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12111730.

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The demand for well-designed nanostructured composites with enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries electrode materials has been emerging. In order to improve the electrochemical performance of MoS2-based anode materials, MoS2 nanosheets integrated with g-C3N4 (MoS2/g-C3N4 composite) was synthesized by a facile heating treatment from the precursors of thiourea and sodium molybdate at 550 °C under N2 gas flow. The structure and composition of MoS2/g-C3N4 were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and elemental analysis. The lithium storage capability of the MoS2/g-C3N4 composite was evaluated, indicating high capacity and stable cycling performance at 1 C (A·g−1) with a reversible capacity of 1204 mA·h·g−1 for 200 cycles. This result is believed the role of g-C3N4 as a supporting material to accommodate the volume change and improve charge transport for nanostructured MoS2. Additionally, the contribution of the pseudocapacitive effect was also calculated to further clarify the enhancement in Li-ion storage performance of the composite.

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12

Medyantseva, E. P., D. V. Brusnitsyn, R. V. Varlamova, O. A. Konovalova, and H. K. Budnikov. "Nanostructured composites based on graphene and nanoparticles of cobalt in the composition of monoamine oxidase biosensors for determination of antidepressants." Industrial laboratory. Diagnostics of materials 84, no. 8 (September 5, 2018): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26896/1028-6861-2018-84-8-5-14.

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Amperometric monoamine oxidase biosensors based on screen-printed graphite electrodes modified with nanostructured reduced graphene oxide (RGO) composites and cobalt nanoparticles (CoNPs) were developed to determine antidepressant drug substances: tianeptine, thioridazine, and fluoxetine. Combinations of carbon nanomaterials with metal nanoparticles (nanocomposites) along with retaining the properties of individual components, also provide a new quality of the developed devices due to their joint contribution. The nanomaterial-modifier was applied to the surface of screen-printed graphite electrodes using dropwise evaporation. Fixing of RGO on the surface of the screen-printed graphite electrodes occurs due to electrostatic interaction between RGO carboxyl groups and amine groups of the amine derivative on the platform of polyester polyol (H20–NH2). The CoNPs were obtained electrochemically by the method of chronoamperometry at a potentialE= – 1.0 V and different time of their accumulation (about 50 – 60 sec) on the electrode surface. According to the data of atomic force microscopy, the predominant size of CoNPs is (40 ± 2) and (78 ± 8) nm, depending on the time of electrochemical deposition of NPs. Data of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy show that nanocomposites RGO-chitosan/CoNPs and RGO-amine derivative on the polyester polyol (H20–NH2)/CoNPs platform are characterized by the lowest values of the charge transfer resistance. The use of those nanocomposites modifying the electrode surface significantly improved the analytical characteristics of the developed biosensors providing a wider range of operating concentrations from 1 × 10–4to 5 × 10–9mol/liter, greater sensitivity coefficient, better correlation coefficient, and lower limit of the detectable concentrations. A possibility of using biosensors to control the quality of antidepressants upon determination of the main active substance in medicinal drugs and biological fluids is shown. The lower limit of detectable concentrations (7 – 9) × 10–10mol/liter is attained when using tyramine as a substrate for determination of fluoxetine, thioridazine and tianeptine, respectively.

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13

Fortin, Patrick, Subash Rajasekar, Pankaj Chowdhury, and Steven Holdcroft. "Hydrogen evolution at conjugated polymer nanoparticle electrodes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 96, no. 2 (February 2018): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjc-2017-0329.

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Organic polymer nanoparticles have been gaining attention in photovoltaics as a means to control the morphology of polymer composite films for the purpose of studying bulk heterojunction, photoactive layers. This work investigates the preparation of nanostructured organic thin films from P3HT:PC61BM nanoparticles and their characterization as photoelectrodes for the photoelectrochemical reduction of hydrogen in acidic solutions. The morphology and optoelectronic properties of the nanostructured photocathodes are compared with conventional, solution-cast thin films of P3HT:PC61BM. The nanostructured photoelectrodes provide increased surface area compared with solution-cast films through control of the nanoscale morphology within each nanoparticle, leading to enhanced P3HT:PC61BM phase segregation. The photo-assisted deposition of platinum nanoparticles as hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) catalysts onto the nanostructured P3HT:PC61BM photocathodes facilitates the photoreduction of protons to H2.

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14

Thammabut, Thawach, Tienthong Yuangkaew, Chanchanok Chumpanya, Thitipong Tamsenanupap, Papot Jaroenapibal, and Napat Triroj. "Electrospun Ag/WO₃ Composite Nanofiber Photoanodes Prepared by DС Electrophoretic Deposition for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting." Materials Science Forum 947 (March 2019): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.947.61.

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In this work, tungsten oxide (WO3) nanofibers were synthesized using electrospinning technique. Direct current electrophoretic deposition (DC-EPD) was conducted to deposit the nanofibers onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrodes. The photoelectrochemical performance of WO3 nanostructured electrodes was investigated and compared between the samples containing pristine WO3 and Ag/WO3 composite nanofibers. An up-to-6-fold enhancement in photoconversion efficiency (PCE) was obtained from Ag/WO3 composite nanofiber photoanode.

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Lin, Jhih-Fong, Melinda Mohl, Mikko Nelo, Geza Toth, Ákos Kukovecz, Zoltán Kónya, Srividya Sridhar, et al. "Facile synthesis of nanostructured carbon materials over RANEY® nickel catalyst films printed on Al2O3 and SiO2 substrates." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 8 (2015): 1823–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tc02442g.

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Films of porous RANEY® Ni catalyst particles deposited on substrates by stencil printing offer a facile platform for synthesizing nanostructured carbon/nickel composites for direct use as electrodes in electrochemical and field emitter devices.

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16

CUI, Guang-lei, Xin-hong ZHOU, Lin-jie ZHI, Arne Thomas, and Klaus Müllen. "Carbon/nanostructured Ru composites as electrodes for supercapacitors." New Carbon Materials 22, no. 4 (December 2007): 302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1872-5805(08)60001-3.

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17

Pearse, Alexander J., Eleanor Gillette, Sang Bok Lee, and Gary W. Rubloff. "The reaction current distribution in battery electrode materials revealed by XPS-based state-of-charge mapping." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 28 (2016): 19093–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp03271k.

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Morphologically complex electrochemical systems, such as composite or nanostructured lithium ion battery electrodes, exhibit spatially inhomogeneous internal current distributions which are explored using x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy on model systems.

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18

Samantaray, Manas R., Abhay Kumar Mondal, Govindhasamy Murugadoss, Sudhagar Pitchaimuthu, Santanu Das, Raihana Bahru, and Mohd Ambri Mohamed. "Synergetic Effects of Hybrid Carbon Nanostructured Counter Electrodes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: A Review." Materials 13, no. 12 (June 19, 2020): 2779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122779.

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This article provides an overview of the structural and physicochemical properties of stable carbon-based nanomaterials and their applications as counter electrodes (CEs) in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The research community has long sought to harvest highly efficient third-generation DSSCs by developing carbon-based CEs, which are among the most important components of DSSCs. Since the initial introduction of DSSCs, Pt-based electrodes have been commonly used as CEs owing to their high-electrocatalytic activities, thus, accelerating the redox couple at the electrode/electrolyte interface to complete the circuit. However, Pt-based electrodes have several limitations due to their cost, abundance, complicated facility, and low corrosion resistance in a liquid electrolyte, which further restricts the large-area applications of DSSCs. Although carbon-based nanostructures showed the best potential to replace Pt-CE of DSSC, several new properties and characteristics of carbon-CE have been reported for future enhancements in this field. In this review, we discuss the detailed synthesis, properties, and performances of various carbonaceous materials proposed for DSSC-CE. These nano-carbon materials include carbon nanoparticles, activated carbon, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanotube, two-dimensional graphene, and hybrid carbon material composites. Among the CE materials currently available, carbon-carbon hybridized electrodes show the best performance efficiency (up to 10.05%) with a high fill factor (83%). Indeed, up to 8.23% improvements in cell efficiency may be achieved by a carbon-metal hybrid material under sun condition. This review then provides guidance on how to choose appropriate carbon nanomaterials to improve the performance of CEs used in DSSCs.

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19

Tiwari, Ida, Mandakini Gupta, Rajiv Prakash, and Craig E. Banks. "An anthraquinone moiety/cysteamine functionalized-gold nanoparticle/chitosan based nanostructured composite for the electroanalytical detection of dissolved oxygen within aqueous media." Anal. Methods 6, no. 21 (2014): 8793–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ay01207k.

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20

Saito, Y., M. Meguro, M. Ashizawa, K. Waki, R. Yuksel, H. E. Unalan, and H. Matsumoto. "Manganese dioxide nanowires on carbon nanofiber frameworks for efficient electrochemical device electrodes." RSC Advances 7, no. 20 (2017): 12351–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra28789a.

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Hierarchically nanostructured composite electrodes were prepared by the electrodeposition of manganese dioxide nanowires (MnO₂ NWs) with 5–20 nm diameters on electrospun carbon nanofiber (CNF) webs with diameters of 250 and 650 nm.

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21

Cheng, Qian, Jie Tang, Jun Ma, Han Zhang, Norio Shinya, and Lu-Chang Qin. "Graphene and nanostructured MnO2 composite electrodes for supercapacitors." Carbon 49, no. 9 (August 2011): 2917–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2011.02.068.

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22

Awangku Metosen, Awangku Nabil Syafiq Bin, Suh Cem Pang, and Suk Fun Chin. "Nanostructured Multilayer Composite Films of Manganese Dioxide/Nickel/Copper Sulfide Deposited on Polyethylene Terephthalate Supporting Substrate." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/270635.

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Nanostructured multilayer manganese dioxide/nickel/copper sulfide (MnO2/Ni/CuS) composite films were successfully deposited onto supporting polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate through the sequential deposition of CuS, Ni, and MnO2thin films by chemical bath deposition, electrodeposition, and horizontal submersion deposition techniques, respectively. Deposition of each thin-film layer was optimized by varying deposition parameters and conditions associated with specific deposition technique. Both CuS and Ni thin films were optimized for their electrical conductivity whereas MnO2thin film was optimized for its microstructure and charge capacity. The electrochemical properties of nanostructured multilayer MnO2/Ni/CuS composite films were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry as electrode materials of an electrochemical capacitor prototype in a dual-planar device configuration. Cyclic voltammogram in mild Na2SO4aqueous electrolyte exhibited a featureless and almost rectangular shape which was indicative of the ideal capacitive behavior and high cycling reversibility of the electrochemical capacitor prototype. Nanostructured multilayer MnO2/Ni/CuS composite films on supporting polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate could potentially be utilized as electrode materials for the fabrication of high performance electrochemical capacitors.

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Low, C. T. John, Carlos Ponce de Leon, and Frank C. Walsh. "The Rotating Cylinder Electrode (RCE) and its Application to the Electrodeposition of Metals." Australian Journal of Chemistry 58, no. 4 (2005): 246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch05034.

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The application of rotating cylinder electrodes (RCEs) to electrodeposition has progressed significantly over the last decade. New tools for theoretical and experimental investigations have been developed in academia and in industry, with some RCE devices being commercially developed. This paper reviews the continued application of RCEs to quantitative electrodeposition studies of single metals, alloys, and composite, multilayered, and nanostructured electrodeposits with a constant or controlled range of current densities along the RCE under turbulent flow conditions. Rotating cylinder electrode electrochemical reactors, enhanced mass transport, rotating cylinder Hull cell, and uniform and non-uniform current and potential distributions are considered. The applications of ultrasound, porous reticulated vitreous carbon cathodes, expanded metal/baffles, and jet flow around the RCE are also included. The effects of electrolyte flow and cathode current density on electrodeposition have been rationalized. Directions for future RCE studies are proposed.

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Fan, Xin, Zhewei Yang, and Nan He. "Hierarchical nanostructured polypyrrole/graphene composites as supercapacitor electrode." RSC Advances 5, no. 20 (2015): 15096–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra15258a.

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Eskandari, Mehdi, Rasoul Malekfar, David Buceta, and Pablo Taboada. "NiCo2O4-based nanostructured composites for high-performance pseudocapacitor electrodes." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 584 (January 2020): 124039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.124039.

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Seo, Jeong-Uk, and Cheol-Min Park. "ZnTe and ZnTe/C nanocomposite: a new electrode material for high-performance rechargeable Li-ion batteries." J. Mater. Chem. A 2, no. 47 (2014): 20075–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ta04854g.

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Zheng, Donghui, Man Li, Yongyan Li, Chunling Qin, Yichao Wang, and Zhifeng Wang. "A Ni(OH)2 nanopetals network for high-performance supercapacitors synthesized by immersing Ni nanofoam in water." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 10 (January 25, 2019): 281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.10.27.

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Developing a facile and environmentally friendly approach to the synthesis of nanostructured Ni(OH)2 electrodes for high-performance supercapacitor applications is a great challenge. In this work, we report an extremely simple route to prepare a Ni(OH)2 nanopetals network by immersing Ni nanofoam in water. A binder-free composite electrode, consisting of Ni(OH)2 nanopetals network, Ni nanofoam interlayer and Ni-based metallic glass matrix (Ni(OH)2/Ni-NF/MG) with sandwich structure and good flexibility, was designed and finally achieved. Microstructure and morphology of the Ni(OH)2 nanopetals were characterized. It is found that the Ni(OH)2 nanopetals interweave with each other and grow vertically on the surface of Ni nanofoam to form an “ion reservoir”, which facilitates the ion diffusion in the electrode reaction. Electrochemical measurements show that the Ni(OH)2/Ni-NF/MG electrode, after immersion in water for seven days, reveals a high volumetric capacitance of 966.4 F/cm3 at a current density of 0.5 A/cm3. The electrode immersed for five days exhibits an excellent cycling stability (83.7% of the initial capacity after 3000 cycles at a current density of 1 A/cm3). Furthermore, symmetric supercapacitor (SC) devices were assembled using ribbons immersed for seven days and showed a maximum volumetric energy density of ca. 32.7 mWh/cm3 at a power density of 0.8 W/cm3, and of 13.7 mWh/cm3 when the power density was increased to 2 W/cm3. The fully charged SC devices could light up a red LED. The work provides a new idea for the synthesis of nanostructured Ni(OH)2 by a simple approach and ultra-low cost, which largely extends the prospect of commercial application in flexible or wearable devices.

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Li, Lei, Lili Jiang, Yan Qing, Yinxiang Zeng, Zhen Zhang, Lu Xiao, Xihong Lu, and Yiqiang Wu. "Manipulating nickel oxides in naturally derived cellulose nanofiber networks as robust cathodes for high-performance Ni–Zn batteries." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 2 (2020): 565–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ta09006a.

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Jiang, Lili, Lei Li, Sha Luo, Han Xu, Liaoyuan Xia, Hankun Wang, Xinge Liu, Yiqiang Wu, and Yan Qing. "Configuring hierarchical Ni/NiO 3D-network assisted with bamboo cellulose nanofibers for high-performance Ni–Zn aqueous batteries." Nanoscale 12, no. 27 (2020): 14651–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr03608k.

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A hierarchically nanostructured nickel-based composite electrode constructed by configuring nickel and nickel oxide nanoparticles onto bamboo nanofiber networks is used as the enhanced cathode for high-performance Ni–Zn batteries.

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Stine, Keith J. "Biosensor Applications of Electrodeposited Nanostructures." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (February 24, 2019): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040797.

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The development of biosensors for a range of analytes from small molecules to proteins to oligonucleotides is an intensely active field. Detection methods based on electrochemistry or on localized surface plasmon responses have advanced through using nanostructured electrodes prepared by electrodeposition, which is capable of preparing a wide range of different structures. Supported nanoparticles can be prepared by electrodeposition through applying fixed potentials, cycling potentials, and fixed current methods. Nanoparticle sizes, shapes, and surface densities can be controlled, and regular structures can be prepared by electrodeposition through templates. The incorporation of multiple nanomaterials into composite films can take advantage of the superior and potentially synergistic properties of each component. Nanostructured electrodes can provide supports for enzymes, antibodies, or oligonucleotides for creating sensors against many targets in areas such as genomic analysis, the detection of protein antigens, or the detection of small molecule metabolites. Detection can also be performed using electrochemical methods, and the nanostructured electrodes can greatly enhance electrochemical responses by carefully designed schemes. Biosensors based on electrodeposited nanostructures can contribute to the advancement of many goals in bioanalytical and clinical chemistry.

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Xia, Hong. "Study on the Treatment of High Concentration Dye Wastewater on Modified Active Carbon Cloth Electrode." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 1869–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1869.

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In this study, for the ﬁrst time nanostructured TiO2 and Fe2O3 was loaded on active carbon cloth (ACC) as electrodes to be used in an electrochemical oxidation system. This novel TiO2-ACC and Fe2O3 / TiO2-ACC composite electrodes(or modified electrodes) were characterized by scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM)and cyclic voltammetry(CV).During the degradation of dye wastewater, electrochemical oxidation system with TiO2-ACC and Fe2O3 / TiO2-ACC electrodes showed much higher activity than with ACC electrodes. The system with Fe2O3 / TiO2-ACC electrodes acquired the best COD removal: the COD of wastewater decreased from 33000 mg/L to 8700mg/L. The removal rate of COD reached 74%, which was 19% higher than ACC system.

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Soulmi, Nadia, Ana-Gabriela Porras-Gutierrez, Natalia E. Mordvinova, Oleg I. Lebedev, Cécile Rizzi, Juliette Sirieix-Plénet, Henri Groult, Damien Dambournet, and Laurent Gaillon. "Sn(TFSI)2as a suitable salt for the electrodeposition of nanostructured Cu6Sn5–Sn composites obtained on a Cu electrode in an ionic liquid." Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers 6, no. 1 (2019): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8qi00982a.

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Yu, Zhan Jun, Ying Dai, and Wen Chen. "Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanostructured α-Ni(OH)₂/ Mesoporous Carbon Composites for Supercapacitors." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 1227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1227.

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Nanostructured α-Ni(OH)2/ mesoporous carbon composites were synthesized by a facile solvothermal method using sodium dodecyle sulfate as a soft template and urea as a hydrolysis-controlling agent. The obtained products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD), and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Electrochemical properties studies were carried out using cyclic voltammetry(CV) and galvanostaitc charge/discharge method. The results exhibited that the α-Ni(OH)2/ mesoporous carbon composites single electrode had high specific capacitance in KOH electrolyte. The maximum specific capacitance of the α-Ni(OH)2/ mesoporous carbon composites single electrode was up to 2191 F/g in 6 M KOH solution at a charge-discharge current density of 4 mA/cm2, when the mass percent of mesoporous carbon was 5%. It is suggested its potential application in the electrode material for supercapacitors.

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Rajalakshmi, K., and S. Abraham John. "Selective determination of mefenamic acid in the presence of 1000-fold excess paracetamol and caffeine using a multiwalled carbon nanotube–polymer composite electrode." Analytical Methods 7, no. 8 (2015): 3506–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay00300h.

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This article describes the selective and sensitive determination of mefenamic acid (MA) using a carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotube nanostructured conducting polymer composite modified glassy carbon electrode in 0.2 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.2).

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Subramanian, V., Hongwei Zhu, and Bingqing Wei. "Nanostructured manganese oxides and their composites with carbon nanotubes as electrode materials for energy storage devices." Pure and Applied Chemistry 80, no. 11 (January 1, 2008): 2327–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200880112327.

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Manganese oxides have been synthesized by a variety of techniques in different nanostructures and studied for their properties as electrode materials in two different storage applications, supercapacitors (SCs) and Li-ion batteries. The composites involving carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and manganese oxides were also prepared by a simple room-temperature method and evaluated as electrode materials in the above applications. The synthesis of nanostructured manganese oxides was carried out by simple soft chemical methods without any structure directing agents or surfactants. The prepared materials were well characterized using different analytical techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface area studies, etc. The electrochemical properties of the nanostructured manganese oxides and their composites were studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) studies. The influence of structural/surface properties on the electrochemical performance of the synthesized manganese oxides is reviewed.

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Nataraj, S. K., Q. Song, S. A. Al-Muhtaseb, S. E. Dutton, Q. Zhang, and E. Sivaniah. "Thin, Flexible Supercapacitors Made from Carbon Nanofiber Electrodes Decorated at Room Temperature with Manganese Oxide Nanosheets." Journal of Nanomaterials 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/272093.

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We report the fabrication and electrochemical performance of a flexible thin film supercapacitor with a novel nanostructured composite electrode. The electrode was prepared byin situcoprecipitation of two-dimensional (2D) MnO2nanosheets at room temperature in the presence of carbon nanofibers (CNFs). The highest specific capacitance of 142 F/g was achieved for CNFs-MnO2electrodes in sandwiched assembly with PVA-H4SiW12O40·nH2O polyelectrolyte separator.

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Hazra, Prasenjit, Atanu Jana, and Jayati Datta. "Voltammetric deposition of BiCdTe composite films with improved functional properties for photo-electrochemical cells." New Journal of Chemistry 40, no. 4 (2016): 3094–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nj03043a.

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Roginskaya, Yu E., T. L. Kulova, A. M. Skundin, M. A. Bruk, E. N. Zhikharev, V. A. Kal’nov, and V. B. Loginov. "New type of the nanostructured composite Si/C electrodes." Russian Journal of Electrochemistry 44, no. 11 (November 2008): 1197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1023193508110025.

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Gholivand, Mohammad Bagher, Hamid Heydari, Abbas Abdolmaleki, and Hamid Hosseini. "Nanostructured CuO/PANI composite as supercapacitor electrode material." Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 30 (February 2015): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2014.09.047.

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Yang, Yan-jing, En-Hui Liu, Li-min Li, Zheng-zheng Huang, Hai-jie Shen, and Xiao-xia Xiang. "Nanostructured MnO2/exfoliated graphite composite electrode as supercapacitors." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 487, no. 1-2 (November 2009): 564–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.08.008.

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Dobrzański, L. A., M. Prokopiuk vel Prokopowicz, A. Drygała, A. Wierzbicka, K. Lukaszkowicz, and M. Szindler. "Carbon Nanomaterials Application as a Counter Electrode for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0004.

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AbstractThe paper presents the results of the structure investigation of a counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells using the carbon nanomaterials. Solar cells were fabricated on the glass with transparent conductive oxide TCO (10Ω/sq). Nanocrystalline titania based photoanode was prepared by spreading TiO2paste onto TCO glass and subsequently annealed at 450°C for at least 30 min to convert anatase phase and make an interparticle network. After then the nanostructured titania films was immersed into an ethanolic solution of the ruthenium-based dye. As a counter electrodes of dye-sensitized solar cells composite films of carbon nanomaterials and polystyrene sulfonate doped poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) PEDOT-PSS (Sigma-Aldrich) were deposited onto TCO substrates. Because carbon nanoelements and titanium oxide consist of nano-metric structural units to determine the properties of the cells and their parameters several surface sensitive techniques and methods, i.e. Raman spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), and electric properties of conductive layers were used.

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Bose, Saswata, Tapas Kuila, Ananta Kumar Mishra, R. Rajasekar, Nam Hoon Kim, and Joong Hee Lee. "Carbon-based nanostructured materials and their composites as supercapacitor electrodes." J. Mater. Chem. 22, no. 3 (2012): 767–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c1jm14468e.

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43

Lee, Han-Min, Chandu V. V. Muralee Gopi, Prem Jyoti Singh Rana, Rajangam Vinodh, Sanghyun Kim, R. Padma, and Hee-Je Kim. "Hierarchical nanostructured MnCo2O4–NiCo2O4 composites as innovative electrodes for supercapacitor applications." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 21 (2018): 17190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj03764g.

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Hierarchical MnCo₂O₄–NiCo₂O₄ nanostructures deliver a higher electrochemical performance than MnCo₂O₄ and NiCo₂O₄ electrodes.

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44

Zhao, Shanshan, Jianhua Tong, Yang Li, Jizhou Sun, Chao Bian, and Shanhong Xia. "Palladium-Gold Modified Ultramicro Interdigital Array Electrode Chip for Nitrate Detection in Neutral Water." Micromachines 10, no. 4 (March 29, 2019): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10040223.

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An ultramicro interdigital array electrode modified by palladium-gold was developed for nitrate detection in neutral water. The ultramicro interdigital array electrode was fabricated based on silicon substrate by Micro Electro-Mechanical System (MEMS) technique. The nanostructured palladium-gold (Pd-AuNPs) composite sensing film was electrodeposited on the surface of a working electrode by electrochemical method. The synergistic effect of Pd-AuNPs composite was investigated and its enhancement of the catalytic activity and stability was revealed. The Pd-AuNPs modified electrode showed good linearity (R2 = 0.99) from 1 mg/L to 15 mg/L (as N) for nitrate determination in a neutral water environment (pH = 7.2), with a sensitivity of 4.7 μA·mg−1·L. The results showed that the developed Pd-AuNPs-modified ultramicro interdigital array electrode chip can achieve sensitive and environmentally-friendly detection for nitrate in neutral water.

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45

Modafferi, Vincenza, Claudia Triolo, Michele Fiore, Alessandra Palella, Lorenzo Spadaro, Nicolò Pianta, Riccardo Ruffo, Salvatore Patanè, Saveria Santangelo, and Maria Grazia Musolino. "Effect of Hematite Doping with Aliovalent Impurities on the Electrochemical Performance of α-Fe2O3@rGO-Based Anodes in Sodium-Ion Batteries." Nanomaterials 10, no. 8 (August 12, 2020): 1588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10081588.

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The effect of the type of dopant (titanium and manganese) and of the reduced graphene oxide content (rGO, 30 or 50 wt %) of the α-Fe2O3@rGO nanocomposites on their microstructural properties and electrochemical performance was investigated. Nanostructured composites were synthesized by a simple one-step solvothermal method and evaluated as anode materials for sodium ion batteries. The doping does not influence the crystalline phase and morphology of the iron oxide nanoparticles, but remarkably increases stability and Coulombic efficiency with respect to the anode based on the composite α-Fe2O3@rGO. For fixed rGO content, Ti-doping improves the rate capability at lower rates, whereas Mn-doping enhances the electrode stability at higher rates, retaining a specific capacity of 56 mAhg−1 at a rate of 2C. Nanocomposites with higher rGO content exhibit better electrochemical performance.

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Amato, Letizia, Lars Schulte, Arto Heiskanen, Stephan S. Keller, Sokol Ndoni, and Jenny Emnéus. "Novel Nanostructured Electrodes Obtained by Pyrolysis of Composite Polymeric Materials." Electroanalysis 27, no. 7 (March 27, 2015): 1544–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elan.201400430.

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Zhi, Mingjia, Chengcheng Xiang, Jiangtian Li, Ming Li, and Nianqiang Wu. "Nanostructured carbon–metal oxide composite electrodes for supercapacitors: a review." Nanoscale 5, no. 1 (2013): 72–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2nr32040a.

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48

Ho-Kimura, SocMan, Savio J. A. Moniz, Albertus D. Handoko, and Junwang Tang. "Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting by nanostructured BiVO4–TiO2 composite electrodes." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 2, no. 11 (2014): 3948. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ta15268e.

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Varga, Áron, Nicholas A. Brunelli, Mary W. Louie, Konstantinos P. Giapis, and Sossina M. Haile. "Composite nanostructured solid-acid fuel-cell electrodes via electrospray deposition." Journal of Materials Chemistry 20, no. 30 (2010): 6309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0jm00216j.

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Xu, Henghui, Xianluo Hu, Yongming Sun, Huiling Yang, Xiaoxiao Liu, and Yunhui Huang. "Flexible fiber-shaped supercapacitors based on hierarchically nanostructured composite electrodes." Nano Research 8, no. 4 (November 3, 2014): 1148–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12274-014-0595-8.

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