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Journal articles on the topic 'Nanopatterned substrates'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 11 March 2023

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1

Socol, Marcela, Nicoleta Preda, Oana Rasoga, Andreea Costas, Anca Stanculescu, Carmen Breazu, Florin Gherendi, and Gabriel Socol. "Pulsed Laser Deposition of Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films on Nanopatterned Glass Substrates." Coatings 9, no. 1 (December 29, 2018): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings9010019.

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Indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were grown on nanopatterned glass substrates by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. The deposition was carried out at 1.2 J/cm2 laser fluence, low oxygen pressure (1.5 Pa) and on unheated substrate. Arrays of periodic pillars with widths of ~350 nm, heights of ~250 nm, and separation pitches of ~1100 nm were fabricated on glass substrates using UV nanoimprint lithography (UV-NIL), a simple, cost-effective, and high throughput technique used to fabricate nanopatterns on large areas. In order to emphasize the influence of the periodic patterns on the properties of the nanostructured ITO films, this transparent conductive oxide (TCO) was also grown on flat glass substrates. Therefore, the structural, compositional, morphological, optical, and electrical properties of both non-patterned and patterned ITO films were investigated in a comparative manner. The energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) confirms that the ITO films preserve the In2O3:SnO2 weight ratio from the solid ITO target. The SEM and atomic force microscopy (AFM) images prove that the deposited ITO films retain the pattern of the glass substrates. The optical investigations reveal that patterned ITO films present a good optical transmittance. The electrical measurements show that both the non-patterned and patterned ITO films are characterized by a low electrical resistivity (<2.8 × 10−4). However, an improvement in the Hall mobility was achieved in the case of the nanopatterned ITO films, evidencing the potential applications of such nanopatterned TCO films obtained by PLD in photovoltaic and light emitting devices.

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2

Liu, Dan, Che Azurahanim Che Abdullah, Richard P. Sear, and Joseph L. Keddie. "Cell adhesion on nanopatterned fibronectin substrates." Soft Matter 6, no. 21 (2010): 5408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c0sm00201a.

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3

Selhuber, Christine, Jacques Blümmel, Fabian Czerwinski, and Joachim P. Spatz. "Tuning Surface Energies with Nanopatterned Substrates." Nano Letters 6, no. 2 (February 2006): 267–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl052256e.

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4

Saito, Yukio, Maxime Ignacio, and Olivier Pierre-Louis. "Solid-state wetting on nanopatterned substrates." Comptes Rendus Physique 14, no. 7 (August 2013): 619–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.crhy.2013.06.010.

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5

Gellini, Cristina, Maurizio Muniz-Miranda, Massimo Innocenti, Francesco Carlà, Francesca Loglio, Maria Luisa Foresti, and Pier Remigio Salvi. "Nanopatterned Ag substrates for SERS spectroscopy." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 10, no. 31 (2008): 4555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b807663d.

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6

Vaisman, Michelle, Nikhil Jain, Qiang Li, Kei May Lau, Emily Makoutz, Theresa Saenz, Willian E. McMahon, Adele C. Tamboli, and Emily L. Warren. "GaAs Solar Cells on Nanopatterned Si Substrates." IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics 8, no. 6 (November 2018): 1635–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphotov.2018.2871423.

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7

Mandlik, P., S. P. Lacour, J. W. Li, S. Y. Chou, and S. Wagner. "Fully elastic interconnects on nanopatterned elastomeric substrates." IEEE Electron Device Letters 27, no. 8 (August 2006): 650–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/led.2006.879029.

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8

Stafiniak, Andrzej, Joanna Prażmowska, Wojciech Macherzyński, and Regina Paszkiewicz. "Nanostructuring of Si substrates by a metal-assisted chemical etching and dewetting process." RSC Advances 8, no. 54 (2018): 31224–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra03711f.

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9

Rodríguez-Pereira, Cristina, Anna Lagunas, Ignasi Casanellas, Yolanda Vida, Ezequiel Pérez-Inestrosa, José A. Andrades, José Becerra, Josep Samitier, Francisco J. Blanco, and Joana Magalhães. "RGD-Dendrimer-Poly(L-lactic) Acid Nanopatterned Substrates for the Early Chondrogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Osteoarthritic and Healthy Donors." Materials 13, no. 10 (May 13, 2020): 2247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13102247.

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Aiming to address a stable chondrogenesis derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) to be applied in cartilage repair strategies at the onset of osteoarthritis (OA), we analyzed the effect of arginine–glycine–aspartate (RGD) density on cell condensation that occurs during the initial phase of chondrogenesis. For this, we seeded MSC-derived from OA and healthy (H) donors in RGD-dendrimer-poly(L-lactic) acid (PLLA) nanopatterned substrates (RGD concentrations of 4 × 10−9, 10−8, 2.5 × 10−8, and 10−2 w/w), during three days and compared to a cell pellet conventional three-dimensional culture system. Molecular gene expression (collagens type-I and II–COL1A1 and COL2A1, tenascin-TNC, sex determining region Y-box9-SOX9, and gap junction protein alpha 1–GJA1) was determined as well as the cell aggregates and pellet size, collagen type-II and connexin 43 proteins synthesis. This study showed that RGD-tailored first generation dendrimer (RGD-Cys-D1) PLLA nanopatterned substrates supported the formation of pre-chondrogenic condensates from OA- and H-derived human bone marrow-MSCs with enhanced chondrogenesis regarding the cell pellet conventional system (presence of collagen type-II and connexin 43, both at the gene and protein level). A RGD-density dependent trend was observed for aggregates size, in concordance with previous studies. Moreover, the nanopatterns’ had a higher effect on OA-derived MSC morphology, leading to the formation of bigger and more compact aggregates with improved expression of early chondrogenic markers.

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10

Jung, Yeon-Ho, Sang-Keun Sung, Kyung-Min Lee, Srivathsava Surabhi, Jun-Ho Jeong, Eung-sug Lee, Jun-Hyuk Choi, and Jong-Ryul Jeong. "Configurable plasmonic substrates from heat-driven imprint-transferred Ag nanopatterns for enhanced photoluminescence." RSC Advances 5, no. 62 (2015): 50047–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra05260b.

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Despite substantial progress in metal nanopatterning, fabricating ultra-large-area plasmonic substrates with well-defined and well-controlled nanopatterned arrays remains a major technological challenge.

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11

Schoen, Martin. "Fluid bridges confined between chemically nanopatterned solid substrates." Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 10, no. 2 (2008): 223–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b706674k.

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12

Tullii, G., S. Donini, C. Bossio, F. Lodola, M. Pasini, E. Parisini, F. Galeotti, and M. R. Antognazza. "Micro- and Nanopatterned Silk Substrates for Antifouling Applications." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 12, no. 5 (January 9, 2020): 5437–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b18187.

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13

SACQUIN, SOPHIE, MARTIN SCHOEN, and ALAIN H. FUCHS. "Fluids confined by nanopatterned substrates of low symmetry." Molecular Physics 100, no. 18 (September 20, 2002): 2971–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268970210121632.

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14

Mykhaylyk, T. A., S. D. Evans, I. W. Hamley, and J. R. Henderson. "Ellipsometric study of adsorption on nanopatterned block copolymer substrates." Journal of Chemical Physics 122, no. 10 (March 8, 2005): 104902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1860371.

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15

Shah, Hemang J., Michael L. Ermold, and Adam K. Fontecchio. "Image Analysis to Study LC Alignment on Nanopatterned Substrates." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 438, no. 1 (June 1, 2005): 291/[1855]—302/[1866]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15421400590955488.

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16

Lin, Julia Y., Andreea D. Stuparu, Mark D. Huntington, Milan Mrksich, and Teri W. Odom. "Nanopatterned Substrates Increase Surface Sensitivity for Real-Time Biosensing." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 117, no. 10 (March 6, 2013): 5286–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp401598a.

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17

Martella, Christian, Carlo Mennucci, Eugenio Cinquanta, Alessio Lamperti, Emmanuele Cappelluti, Francesco Buatier de Mongeot, and Alessandro Molle. "Anisotropic MoS2 Nanosheets Grown on Self-Organized Nanopatterned Substrates." Advanced Materials 29, no. 19 (March 10, 2017): 1605785. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201605785.

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18

Yang, Hee Seok, Bora Lee, Jonathan H. Tsui, Jesse Macadangdang, Seok-Young Jang, Sung Gap Im, and Deok-Ho Kim. "Electroconductive Nanopatterned Substrates for Enhanced Myogenic Differentiation and Maturation." Advanced Healthcare Materials 5, no. 1 (May 18, 2015): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201500003.

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19

Choudhari, K. S., Rajeev K. Sinha, Suresh D. Kulkarni, C. Santhosh, and Sajan D. George. "Facile fabrication of superhydrophobic gold loaded nanoporous anodic alumina as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates." Journal of Optics 24, no. 4 (February 18, 2022): 044002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/ac50fe.

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Abstract A facile method of creating a sensitive and inexpensive superhydrophobic nanoporous anodic alumina (NAA) based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate is reported. A superhydrophobic NAA was created by coating polydimethylsiloxane on NAA via polymer evaporation technique which further coated with gold to fabricate NAA-based superhydrophobic SERS substrate. NAA and nanopatterned aluminum with varying pore properties were used for the SERS studies using rhodamine 6 G as the model analyte. The limit of detection was calculated for the SERS substrate and found to be as low as 146.3 pM. The analytical enhancement factor was found to be 6.9 × 105 successfully demonstrating the potential use of NAA-based superhydrophobic substrate as a SERS substrate. The substrates displayed good spatial reproducibility with a relative standard deviation of 12.62%, demonstrating the potential use of such substrates in chemical and biological sensing applications. The method reported is general and provides a simple and cost-effective approach for generating efficient SERS platforms for trace molecular sensing.

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20

Craig, Gordon S. W., and Paul F. Nealey. "Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers on Lithographically Defined Nanopatterned Substrates." Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology 20, no. 4 (2007): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2494/photopolymer.20.511.

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21

Hainberger, R., R. Bruck, N. Kataeva, R. Heer, A. Köck, P. Czepl, K. Kaiblinger, F. Pipelka, and B. Bilenberg. "Nanopatterned polymethylpentene substrates fabricated by injection molding for biophotonic applications." Microelectronic Engineering 87, no. 5-8 (May 2010): 821–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2009.11.066.

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22

Chen, Peng, Haojun Liang, Ru Xia, Jiasheng Qian, and Xiaoshuang Feng. "Directed Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers on Sparsely Nanopatterned Substrates." Macromolecules 46, no. 3 (January 28, 2013): 922–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma301203a.

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23

HERNANDEZ, E. S., F. ANCILOTTO, M. BARRANCO, A. HERNANDO, and M. PI. "HELIUM ON NANOPATTERNED SURFACES AT FINITE TEMPERATURE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 25n26 (October 20, 2010): 4915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210057092.

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We investigate the wetting behavior of helium on nanostructured alkali metal surfaces, at temperatures below and slightly above the bulk superfluidity threshold. Starting from a determination of the phase diagram of helium on semiinfinite planar Cs up to 3 K, performed within finite–range, temperature–dependent density functional theory, we examine the modifications of the isotherms introduced by an infinite array of nanocavities. We compare the hysterectic loops of helium on nonwettable Cs surfaces and on wettable Na substrates in the same temperature range.

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24

Huang, Cheng, Markus Moosmann, Jiehong Jin, Tobias Heiler, Stefan Walheim, and Thomas Schimmel. "Polymer blend lithography: A versatile method to fabricate nanopatterned self-assembled monolayers." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 3 (September 4, 2012): 620–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.3.71.

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A rapid and cost-effective lithographic method, polymer blend lithography (PBL), is reported to produce patterned self-assembled monolayers (SAM) on solid substrates featuring two or three different chemical functionalities. For the pattern generation we use the phase separation of two immiscible polymers in a blend solution during a spin-coating process. By controlling the spin-coating parameters and conditions, including the ambient atmosphere (humidity), the molar mass of the polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and the mass ratio between the two polymers in the blend solution, the formation of a purely lateral morphology (PS islands standing on the substrate while isolated in the PMMA matrix) can be reproducibly induced. Either of the formed phases (PS or PMMA) can be selectively dissolved afterwards, and the remaining phase can be used as a lift-off mask for the formation of a nanopatterned functional silane monolayer. This “monolayer copy” of the polymer phase morphology has a topographic contrast of about 1.3 nm. A demonstration of tuning of the PS island diameter is given by changing the molar mass of PS. Moreover, polymer blend lithography can provide the possibility of fabricating a surface with three different chemical components: This is demonstrated by inducing breath figures (evaporated condensed entity) at higher humidity during the spin-coating process. Here we demonstrate the formation of a lateral pattern consisting of regions covered with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltrichlorosilane (FDTS) and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), and at the same time featuring regions of bare SiO x . The patterning process could be applied even on meter-sized substrates with various functional SAM molecules, making this process suitable for the rapid preparation of quasi two-dimensional nanopatterned functional substrates, e.g., for the template-controlled growth of ZnO nanostructures Bauermann, L. P.; Gerstel, P.; Bill, J.; Walheim, S.; Huang, C.; Pfeifer, J.; Schimmel, T. Langmuir 2010, 26, 3774–3778. doi:10.1021/la903636k.

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25

Marquetti, Izabele, and Salil Desai. "An Atomistic Investigation of Adsorption of Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 on Gold with Nanoscale Topographies." Surfaces 5, no. 1 (February 15, 2022): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/surfaces5010010.

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Nanoscale surface topographies mediated with biochemical cues influence the differentiation of stem cells into different lineages. This research focuses on the adsorption behavior of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) on nanopatterned gold substrates, which can aid in the differentiation of bone and cartilage tissue constructs. The gold substrates were patterned as flat, pillar, linear grating, and linear-grating deep based, and the BMP-2 conformation in end-on configuration was studied over 20 ns. The linear grating deep substrate pattern had the highest adsorption energy of around 125 kJ/mol and maintained its radius of gyration of 18.5 Å, indicating a stable adsorption behavior. Secondary structures including α-helix and β-sheet displayed no denaturation, and thus, the bioavailability of the BMP-2, for the deep linear-grating pattern. Ramachandran plots for the wrist and knuckle epitopes indicated no steric hindrances and provided binding sites to type I and type II receptors. The deep linear-grating substrate had the highest number of contacts (88 atoms) within 5 Å of the gold substrate, indicating its preferred nanoscale pattern choice among the substrates considered. This research provides new insights into the atomistic adsorption of BMP-2 on nanoscale topographies of a gold substrate, with applications in biomedical implants and regenerative medicine.

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26

Kim, Dong-Joo, Geehee Lee, Gil-Sung Kim, and Sang-Kwon Lee. "Statistical analysis of immuno-functionalized tumor-cell behaviors on nanopatterned substrates." Nanoscale Research Letters 7, no. 1 (2012): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1556-276x-7-637.

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27

Ouk Kim, Sang, Harun H. Solak, Mark P. Stoykovich, Nicola J. Ferrier, Juan J. de Pablo, and Paul F. Nealey. "Epitaxial self-assembly of block copolymers on lithographically defined nanopatterned substrates." Nature 424, no. 6947 (July 2003): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01775.

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28

Zhao, Zhi, Yangjun Cai, Wei-Ssu Liao, and Paul S. Cremer. "Stepwise Molding, Etching, and Imprinting to Form Libraries of Nanopatterned Substrates." Langmuir 29, no. 22 (May 17, 2013): 6737–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la400943j.

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29

Turala, Artur, Philippe Regreny, Pedro Rojo-Romeo, and Michel Gendry. "Localized growth of InAs quantum dots on nanopatterned InP(001) substrates." Applied Physics Letters 94, no. 5 (February 2, 2009): 051109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3078275.

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30

Shinagawa, Taku, Yuki Abe, Hiroyuki Matsumoto, BoCheng Li, Kazuma Murakami, Narihito Okada, Kazuyuki Tadatomo, Masato Kannaka, and Hideo Fujii. "Light-emitting diodes fabricated on nanopatterned sapphire substrates by thermal lithography." physica status solidi (c) 7, no. 7-8 (April 26, 2010): 2165–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssc.200983518.

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31

LEVCHENKO, I., and K. OSTRIKOV. "SIMULATION OF ION FLUX DISTRIBUTION IN CONDUCTIVE AND NONCONDUCTIVE NANOTIP PATTERNS." International Journal of Nanoscience 05, no. 04n05 (August 2006): 621–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x06004887.

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The distribution of flux of carbon-bearing cations over nanopatterned surfaces with conductive nanotips and nonconductive nanoislands is simulated using the Monte-Carlo technique. It is shown that the ion current is focused to nanotip surfaces when the negative substrate bias is low and only slightly perturbed at higher substrate biases. In the low-bias case, the mean horizontal ion displacement caused by the nanotip electric field exceeds 10 nm. However, at higher substrate biases, this value reduces down to 2 nm. In the nonconductive nanopattern case, the ion current distribution is highly nonuniform, with distinctive zones of depleted current density around the nanoislands. The simulation results suggest the efficient means to control ion fluxes in plasma-aided nanofabrication of ordered nanopatterns, such as nanotip microemitter structures and quantum dot or nanoparticle arrays.

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32

Ovchinnikov, Victor, and Andriy Shevchenko. "Self-Organization-Based Fabrication of Stable Noble-Metal Nanostructures on Large-Area Dielectric Substrates." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/158431.

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A cost-effective fabrication of random noble-metal nanostructures with a feature size of the order of 10 nm on a large-area dielectric substrate is described. The method combines dry etching of the substrate through a self-organized metal mask with a directional deposition of a multilayered metal film. The technique allows one to create metal nanoislands on a nanopatterned dielectric template with an enhanced adhesion between the metal and the dielectric. The use of the adhesion layer—that makes the structures stable—is important in view of variety of optical and other potential applications of the structures. We observe that the presence of the adhesion sublayer dramatically influences both the morphological and optical properties of the structures. The results of this work can be of interest in regard to the development of new approaches to self-organization-based nanofabrication of extremely small metal and metal-dielectric nanostructures on large-area substrates.

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33

Xu, Xiu Mei, Guy Vereecke, Erik van den Hoogen, Jens Smeers, Silvia Armini, Tinne Delande, and Herbert Struyf. "Wetting Challenges in Cleaning of High Aspect Ratio Nano-Structures." Solid State Phenomena 195 (December 2012): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.195.235.

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In semiconductor fabrication, pattern collapse of high aspect ratio structures after wet processing has been a critical issue and attracted a lot of interest. On the other hand, very little attention is spent on the potential wetting issues as feature dimensions are continuously scaled down and novel materials with different wetting properties are used in new technology nodes. In this work we investigate the wettability of nanopatterned silicon substrates with different surface modifications.

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34

Barrios, Carlos Angulo, and Víctor Canalejas-Tejero. "Compact discs as versatile cost-effective substrates for releasable nanopatterned aluminium films." Nanoscale 7, no. 8 (2015): 3435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr06271j.

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35

Jerome, J., S. Zhu, Y. S. Seo, M. Ho, N. Pernodet, R. Gambino, J. Sokolov, et al. "Phase Segregation of Thin Film Polymer Blends on Au Nanopatterned Si Substrates." Macromolecules 37, no. 17 (August 2004): 6504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma030580v.

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36

Manley, Phillip, Sebastian Walde, Sylvia Hagedorn, Martin Hammerschmidt, Sven Burger, and Christiane Becker. "Nanopatterned sapphire substrates in deep-UV LEDs: is there an optical benefit?" Optics Express 28, no. 3 (January 27, 2020): 3619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.379438.

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37

Deng, Dongmei, Naisen Yu, Yong Wang, Xinbo Zou, Hao-Chung Kuo, Peng Chen, and Kei May Lau. "InGaN-based light-emitting diodes grown and fabricated on nanopatterned Si substrates." Applied Physics Letters 96, no. 20 (May 17, 2010): 201106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3427438.

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38

Ji, Shengxiang, Umang Nagpal, Guoliang Liu, Sean P. Delcambre, Marcus Müller, Juan J. de Pablo, and Paul F. Nealey. "Directed Assembly of Non-equilibrium ABA Triblock Copolymer Morphologies on Nanopatterned Substrates." ACS Nano 6, no. 6 (May 10, 2012): 5440–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn301306v.

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39

Yang, Xiao M., Richard D. Peters, Paul F. Nealey, Harun H. Solak, and Franco Cerrina. "Guided Self-Assembly of Symmetric Diblock Copolymer Films on Chemically Nanopatterned Substrates." Macromolecules 33, no. 26 (December 2000): 9575–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma001326v.

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40

Gao, Haiyong, Fawang Yan, Yang Zhang, Jinmin Li, Yiping Zeng, and Guohong Wang. "Fabrication and characterization of GaN-based LEDs grown on nanopatterned sapphire substrates." physica status solidi (a) 205, no. 7 (July 2008): 1719–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200723540.

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41

De Jesús, M. A., K. S. Giesfeldt, J. M. Oran, N. A. Abu-Hatab, N. V. Lavrik, and M. J. Sepaniak. "Nanofabrication of Densely Packed Metal—Polymer Arrays for Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectrometry." Applied Spectroscopy 59, no. 12 (December 2005): 1501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/000370205775142557.

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A key element to improve the analytical capabilities of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) resides in the performance characteristics of the SERS-active substrate. Variables such as shape, size, and homogeneous distribution of the metal nanoparticles throughout the substrate surface are important in the design of more analytically sensitive and reliable substrates. Electron-beam lithography (EBL) has emerged as a powerful tool for the systematic fabrication of substrates with periodic nanoscale features. EBL also allows the rational design of nanoscale features that are optimized to the frequency of the Raman laser source. In this work, the efficiency of EBL fabricated substrates are studied by measuring the relative SERS signals of Rhodamine 6G and 1,10-phenanthroline adsorbed on a series of cubic, elliptical, and hexagonal nanopatterned pillars of ma-N 2403 directly coated by physical vapor deposition with 25 nm films of Ag or Au. The raw analyte SERS signals, and signals normalized to metal nanoparticle surface area or numbers of loci, are used to study the effects of nanoparticle morphology on the performance of a rapidly created, diverse collection of substrates. For the excitation wavelength used, the nanoparticle size, geometry, and orientation of the particle primary axis relative to the excitation polarization vector, and particularly the density of nanoparticles, are shown to strongly influence substrate performance. A correlation between the inverse of the magnitude of the laser backscatter passed by the spectrometer and SERS activities of the various substrate patterns is also noted and provides a simple means to evaluate possible efficient coupling of the excitation radiation to localized surface plasmons for Raman enhancement.

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42

Li, Kai, Lin Lv, Dandan Shao, Youtao Xie, Yunzhen Cao, and Xuebin Zheng. "Engineering Nanopatterned Structures to Orchestrate Macrophage Phenotype by Cell Shape." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 13, no. 1 (March 14, 2022): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb13010031.

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Physical features on the biomaterial surface are known to affect macrophage cell shape and phenotype, providing opportunities for the design of novel “immune-instructive” topographies to modulate foreign body response. The work presented here employed nanopatterned polydimethylsiloxane substrates with well-characterized nanopillars and nanopits to assess RAW264.7 macrophage response to feature size. Macrophages responded to the small nanopillars (SNPLs) substrates (450 nm in diameter with average 300 nm edge-edge spacing), resulting in larger and well-spread cell morphology. Increasing interpillar distance to 800 nm in the large nanopillars (LNPLs) led to macrophages exhibiting morphologies similar to being cultured on the flat control. Macrophages responded to the nanopits (NPTs with 150 nm deep and average 800 nm edge-edge spacing) by a significant increase in cell elongation. Elongation and well-spread cell shape led to expression of anti-inflammatory/pro-healing (M2) phenotypic markers and downregulated expression of inflammatory cytokines. SNPLs and NPTs with high availability of integrin binding region of fibronectin facilitated integrin β1 expression and thus stored focal adhesion formation. Increased integrin β1 expression in macrophages on the SNPLs and NTPs was required for activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway, which promoted macrophage cell spreading and negatively regulated NF-κB activation as evidenced by similar globular cell shape and higher level of NF-κB expression after PI3K blockade. These observations suggested that alterations in macrophage cell shape from surface nanotopographies may provide vital cues to orchestrate macrophage phenotype.

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Bhandaru, Nandini, Anuja Das, and Rabibrata Mukherjee. "Confinement induced ordering in dewetting of ultra-thin polymer bilayers on nanopatterned substrates." Nanoscale 8, no. 2 (2016): 1073–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr06690e.

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We report the dewetting of a thin bilayer of polystyrene (PS) and poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) on a topographically patterned nonwettable substrate comprising an array of pillars, arranged in a square lattice.

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Kozak, Roksolana, Ivan Prieto, Yadira Arroyo Rojas Dasilva, Rolf Erni, Hans von Känel, Gian-Luca Bona, and Marta D. Rossell. "HAADF-STEM Investigation of III-V Semiconductors Grown on Nanopatterned Si(001) Substrates." Microscopy and Microanalysis 24, S1 (August 2018): 140–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927618001198.

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Schernthaner, Michaela, Bettina Reisinger, Heimo Wolinski, Sepp D. Kohlwein, Ameli Trantina-Yates, Marc Fahrner, Christoph Romanin, et al. "Nanopatterned polymer substrates promote endothelial proliferation by initiation of β-catenin transcriptional signaling." Acta Biomaterialia 8, no. 8 (August 2012): 2953–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2012.04.018.

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Migliorini, Elisa, Gianluca Grenci, Jelena Ban, Alessandro Pozzato, Maria Elisabetta Ruaro, Massimo Tormen, Vincent Torre, and Marco Lazzarino. "Effect of PDMS Nanopatterned Substrates on Embryonic Stem Cells Differentiation into Neuronal Lineage." Biophysical Journal 100, no. 3 (February 2011): 622a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2010.12.3579.

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Kim, Sang-Woo, Teruhisa Kotani, Masaya Ueda, Shizuo Fujita, and Shigeo Fujita. "Selective formation of ZnO nanodots on nanopatterned substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition." Applied Physics Letters 83, no. 17 (October 27, 2003): 3593–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1622795.

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Demir, İlkay, Yoann Robin, Ryan McClintock, Sezai Elagoz, Konstantinos Zekentes, and Manijeh Razeghi. "Direct growth of thick AlN layers on nanopatterned Si substrates by cantilever epitaxy." physica status solidi (a) 214, no. 4 (September 26, 2016): 1600363. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201600363.

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Demir, İlkay, Yoann Robin, Ryan McClintock, Sezai Elagoz, Konstantinos Zekentes, and Manijeh Razeghi. "Direct growth of thick AlN layers on nanopatterned Si substrates by cantilever epitaxy." physica status solidi (a) 214, no. 4 (April 2017): 1770120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201770120.

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Park, Hyoungjoon, Helen M. Chan, and Richard P. Vinci. "Patterning of sapphire substrates via a solid state conversion process." Journal of Materials Research 20, no. 2 (February 1, 2005): 417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2005.0050.

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Nanopatterned sapphire substrates offer the potential for improved performance of devices based on III-V nitrides, e.g., light-emitting diodes and laser diodes. Due to the chemical stability and hardness of sapphire, however, surface patterning is a time-consuming and expensive process. Therefore, a novel method was utilized, whereby a surface coating of Al was deposited on a sapphire substrate and patterned into an array of square mesas using e-beam lithography. The lateral dimensions of each mesa were approximately 400 × 400 nm, and the average height was approximately 100 nm. The metallic film was subsequently subjected to an oxidation treatment at 450 °C for 24 h (a heat treatment which had previously been shown to minimize hillock formation). For the second heat treatment, which is necessary to induce migration of the sapphire interface and hence achieve solid state conversion, a range of temperatures (800–1350 °C) was explored. Results showed that for a heat-treatment time of 1 h, pattern retention was achieved for annealing temperatures less than or equal to 1250 °C. Successful epitaxial conversion of the patterned mesas to sapphire was confirmed using electron backscatter diffraction.

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