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Feng, Lei, Peng Zhao, Tongdan Chen, and Minghai Jing. "Comparative Study of Octavinyl Oligomeric Sesquisiloxane Nanomaterial-Modified Asphalt Using Molecular Dynamics Method." Polymers 14, no. 21 (October 28, 2022): 4577. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214577.
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This paper mainly studies the compatibility and properties of octavinyl oligomeric silsesquioxane nanomaterial (nano-OvPOSS)-modified asphalt, in comparison with those of traditional zinc oxide nanomaterial (nano-ZnO) and silica nanomaterial (nano-SiO2), through the method of molecular dynamics simulation. Nano-OvPOSS, an organic–inorganic nano-hybrid material, is studied for the first time in the application of asphalt modification. By studying different sizes and types of nanomaterials, this paper elucidates the superiority of nano-OvPOSS as an asphalt modifier owing to the unique microstructure of eight organic groups of its inorganic framework. According to the results, nano-OvPOSS does not aggregate in the modified asphalt system and displays the best compatibility with asphalt when compared with nano-SiO2 and nano-ZnO. Moreover, nano-OvPOSS exhibits the most favorable compatibility with resinous oil out of the four asphalt components. The size of nano-OvPOSS determines its compatibility with asphalt. The smaller the particle size of nano-OvPOSS, the better its compatibility with asphalt. Therefore, out of all the four sizes of nano-OvPOSS (4.4 Å, 7 Å, 10 Å, and 20 Å) adopted in this study, the 4.4 Å nano-OvPOSS exhibits the best compatibility with asphalt. Additionally, compared with nano-SiO2 and nano-ZnO, nano-OvPOSS is capable of attracting more asphalt molecules around it so that it reduces the largest amount of ratio of free volume (RFV) of matrix asphalt, which can be reduced by 9.4%. Besides these characteristics, the addition of nano-OvPOSS into the matrix asphalt contributes to higher heat capacity, bulk modulus, and shear modulus of the asphalt system, which were increased by 14.3%, 74.7%, and 80.2%, respectively, thereby guaranteeing a more desirable temperature stability and deformation resistance in the asphalt system. Accordingly, nano-OvPOSS can be employed as a viable asphalt modifier to ensure a well-rounded performance of modified asphalt.
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Kumar, Saurabh, Chandra Mouli Pandey, Amir Hatamie, Abdolreza Simchi, Magnus Willander, and Bansi D. Malhotra. "Nanomaterial‐Modified Conducting Paper: Fabrication, Properties, and Emerging Biomedical Applications." Global Challenges 3, no. 12 (September 9, 2019): 1900041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gch2.201900041.
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Huseien, Ghasan Fahim. "A Review on Concrete Composites Modified with Nanoparticles." Journal of Composites Science 7, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs7020067.
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Recently, various nanomaterials have extensively been used to achieve sustainability goals in the construction sector. Thus, this paper presents a state-of-the-art review involving the uses of different nanomaterials for production of high-performance cementitious, geopolymer, and alkali-activated concrete composites. The effects of nanomaterials on the fresh properties, mechanical properties, and durability of diverse nanoparticle-modified concrete composites are analyzed. The past developments, recent trends, environmental impact, sustainability, notable benefits, and demerits of various nanomaterial-based concrete production are emphasized. It is demonstrated that nanomaterials including SiO2, Al2O3, TiO2, and Fe2O3, etc., can be used effectively to enhance the microstructures and mechanical characteristics (such as compressive strength, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths) of the modified concrete composites, thus improving their anti-erosion, anti-chloride penetration, and other durability traits. In short, this communication may provide deep insight into the role of diverse nanoparticle inclusion in concrete composites to improve their overall attributes.
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Polonina, E. N., S. N. Leonovich, B. M. Khroustalev, E. A. Sadovskaya, and N. A. Budrevich. "Cement-Based Materials Modified with Nanoscale Additives." Science & Technique 20, no. 3 (June 3, 2021): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2021-20-3-189-194.
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The most common and reliable material without which modern construction is indispensable is concrete. The development of construction production is pushing for new solutions to improve the quality of concrete mix and concrete. The most demanded and significant indicators of a concrete mixture are the compressive strength and mobility of the concrete mixture. Every year, the volume of research on nanomaterials as modifying components of concrete is significantly increasing, and the results indicate the prospects for their use. Nanoparticles with a large specific surface are distinguished by chemical activity, can accelerate hydration and increase strength characteristics due to nucleation and subsequent formation of C–S–H and compaction of the material microstructure. Sol of nanosilica, which can be used instead of microsilica from industrial enterprises, and carbon nanomaterial have a wide reproduction base. This paper presents studies of these types of nanomaterials and the results of their application in cement concrete. Studies have shown that the effect is also observed with the introduction of an additive containing only one type of nanoparticles. The dependence of the obtained characteristics of cement concretes on the content of these nanomaterials has been established. It has been found that the best results were obtained with an additive in which the above-mentioned nanomaterials were used together. Compressive strength of heavy concrete samples, improved by the complex nanodispersed system, was 78.7 MPa, which exceeds the strength of the sample containing the CNT additive in a pair with a super-plasticizer by 37 %. The paper proposes the mechanism for action of the presented complex additive.
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Xu, Zhong, Zhenpu Huang, Changjiang Liu, Hui Deng, Xiaowei Deng, David Hui, Xiaoli Zhang, and Zhijie Bai. "Research progress on key problems of nanomaterials-modified geopolymer concrete." Nanotechnology Reviews 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 779–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2021-0056.
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Abstract The raw materials of geopolymer come from industrial wastes, which have the advantages of lower carbon emissions and less energy consumption compared with traditional cement products. However, it still has the disadvantages of low strength, easy cracking, and low production efficiency, which limit its engineering application and development. At present, with the application and development of nanotechnology in the field of materials, it is found that nanomaterials have a good filling effect on composites, which greatly improves the integrity of the composites. It has become a very popular research direction to optimize and improve the engineering application performance of geopolymer concrete (GPC) by nanomaterials. The modification of nanomaterials can further improve the properties of GPC and expand its application fields in engineering and life. Based on people’s strong interest in nanomaterial-modified GPC and providing the latest and complete research status for further related work, this paper summarized the key technical problems in the field of nanomaterials-modified GPC in the past decade. Those include the modification mechanism, dispersion mode, and mechanical properties of nanomaterials. At the same time, the application bottlenecks and key problems of nanomaterials-modified GPC are comprehensively analyzed. Finally, the prospects and challenges of future work in this field are discussed.
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Maleki, A., and B. Shahmoradi. "Solar degradation of Direct Blue 71 using surface modified iron doped ZnO hybrid nanomaterials." Water Science and Technology 65, no. 11 (June 1, 2012): 1923–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2012.091.
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This paper reports photodegradation of Direct Blue 71 under irradiation by sunlight. We synthesized Fe:ZnO nanomaterials under mild hydrothermal conditions (P = autogenous, T = 100 °C, t = 18 h). The precursors were Fe2O3 as dopant, n-butylamine as surface modifier, NaOH as mineralizer and reagent grade ZnO. The systematic experiments on the photodegradation of Direct Blue 71 were carried out by changing different effective parameters. The variables in this study were type of nanomaterials synthesized (4 types), nanomaterial dosage (0.4–1.0 g/L), contact time (30–120 min), pH (3–11), and dye concentration (20–100 ppm). The photodegradation efficiency was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Determination of total organic carbon (TOC) amount was used to find out mineralization efficiency. Our experimental results revealed that the nanomaterials synthesized had higher efficiency compared with the reagent grade ZnO. The best efficiency was achieved at the following conditions: 1.0 g/L nanomaterials loading, 120 min contact time, pH 5, and photodegradation efficiency from more than 75 up to 99% depending upon the dye concentration.
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Kong, Hai Yan, and Ji Huan He. "A Modified Bubble Electrospinning for Fabrication of Nanofibers." Journal of Nano Research 23 (July 2013): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.23.125.
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This paper suggests a new method for fabrication of nanofibers with polymer liquid membrane, which is produced by a metal ring rotating through the polymer solution. The thickness of the produced membrane is thin and suitable for nanomaterial fabrication. In this paper the membrane is to form a polymer bubble by blowing air under the presence of a high electronic field, and multiple jets eject when the bubble is ruptured. The effect of applied voltage on the fiber diameter is studied.
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TRACHEVSKYI, V. V., and O. M. FAINLEIB. "MODIFICATION OF CEMENT-CONCRETE MIXTURES WITH POLYMER ADDITIVES, STRUCTURED CARBON NANOTUBES." Polymer journal 44, no. 2 (June 20, 2022): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/polymerj.44.02.101.
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The use of complex modifiers for cement-concrete mixtures and concretes is becoming increasingly popular in modern materials science. The paper presents studies of the effect of a polymer additive structured with carbon nanomaterial on the physical and mechanical characteristics of cement-concrete mixtures. IR spectroscopy and thermogravimetry revealed that the use of carbon nanomaterial significantly changes the structure of cement-concrete mixtures. As a result of the fact that high-strength nanomaterial is the center of crystallization of cement stone formations, a denser reinforced microstructure is formed, which significantly increases the strength characteristics of cement-concrete mixtures. Inclusion in the composition of cement-concrete mixtures of polymer complex additives leads to higher and longer plasticization, which plays an important role in the production of monolithic products. It is established that in the presence of a complex modifier (polymer additive structured with carbon nanotubes) the crystal structure of calcium hydrosilicates is compacted, which causes high physical and mechanical characteristics of modified cement-concrete mixtures. It is experimentally shown that the additive acts as an accelerator of hardening and hardening of cement paste, as well as increases its strength characteristics. In general, for all cement-concrete mixtures in this study there is a water-reducing effect of the additive. Water consumption decreases by 5 wt. %, while the strength increases by 19%. Formulations of cement-concrete mixtures modified with polymer additives, structured carbon nanotubes, with high performance characteristics have been developed.
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Zhou, Minyu, Yunfei Zhou, Yixin Cheng, Yanqi Wu, Jun Yang, and Zhiyue Lv. "Application of Gold-Based Nanomaterials in Tumor Photothermal Therapy and Chemotherapy." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 16, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 739–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2020.2938.
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Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a minimally invasive tumor treatment method in which photothermal conversion agents (PTAs) can be enriched in tumor tissue by external light stimulation to convert photon energy into thermal energy to induce the temperature of tumor tissue higher than normal physiological, and can effectively kill tumor cells and tissues while avoiding damage to healthy tissue. As a well-known biocompatible nanomaterial, gold-based nanomaterials have high photothermal conversion efficiency and cross section, which can be used in tumor targeting therapy treatment as a potential photothermal conversion agent. Combining PTT and chemotherapy can be achieved by loading a chemotherapeutic drug modified on the surface of a gold nanomaterials. Therefore, this paper first reviews the preparation and surface functionalization of Au-based nanomaterials, such as Au nanorods, Au nanostars, Au nanoshells, and so on. Second, we have also introduced the application of Au-based nanomaterials in PTT, chemotherapy, and combination therapy. Finally, the limitations and challenges of Au-based photothermal conversion agents are summarized and the development prospects in this field are prospected.
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Li, Li, Ting Wang, Yan Zhang, Caixia Xu, Lina Zhang, Xin Cheng, Hong Liu, Xiaodong Chen, and Jinghua Yu. "Editable TiO2 Nanomaterial-Modified Paper in Situ for Highly Efficient Detection of Carcinoembryonic Antigen by Photoelectrochemical Method." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 10, no. 17 (April 11, 2018): 14594–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b03632.
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Bozal-Palabiyik, Burcin, Burcu Dogan-Topal, Abdolmajid Bayandori Moghaddam, Sibel A. Ozkan, Mahmood Kazemzad, and Bengi Uslu. "Electrochemical Detection of ct-dsDNA on Nanomaterial-modified Carbon Based Electrodes." Current Analytical Chemistry 15, no. 3 (May 7, 2019): 305–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411014666180426165425.
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Background: Nanomaterials have a significant role in improving the performance of electrochemical sensing systems. Unique physical and chemical properties have extended the application of nanomaterials in the fields of engineering, materials and biomedical science. In the last few years, these materials with unique properties have been preferred in the design of experimental approaches for the analysis of metal ions, proteins, biomarkers and pharmaceutical compounds. This paper reports preparation, characterization of two different nanomaterials and their electrochemical application on doublestranded calf-thymus DNA signals. Methods: The multi-walled carbon nanotubes were functionalized with amine groups (MWCNTs-NH2) by employing the dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment and then applied as MWCNTs- NH2/glassy carbon electrode. Moreover, the synthesized mesoporous silica MCM-41 was chemically amine functionalized and used as MCM-41-NH2/carbon paste electrode. For biosensor preparation, a thin layer of calf thymus double stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ct-dsDNA) was immobilized over the modified electrodes. Results: The influence of dsDNA immobilized substrate was investigated based on the electrochemical signals. While dsDNA/MCM-41-NH2/carbon paste biosensor showed a selective effect for guanine signals, the dsDNA/MWCNTs-NH2/glassy carbon biosensor presented electrocatalytic effect for dsDNA signals. Both dsDNA modified electrodes were employed to explore the interaction between the dsDNA and the anticancer drug etoposide (ETP) in aqueous solution through voltammetric techniques. By increasing the interaction time with ETP, the adenine peak current was quenched in the presence of MWCNTs-NH2 based glassy carbon electrode. Whereas, in the presence of MCM-41-NH2 based CP electrode, selective interaction with guanine occurred and oxidation peak intensity was diminished. Conclusion: The selective effect of MCM-41-NH2 can be used when the studied substances give a signal with the same potential of adenine.
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Horszczaruk, Elżbieta, Paweł Łukowski, and Cyprian Seul. "Influence of Dispersing Method on the Quality of Nano-Admixtures Homogenization in Cement Matrix." Materials 13, no. 21 (October 30, 2020): 4865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13214865.
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In recent years, a nano-modification of the cement composites allowed to develop a number of new materials. The use of even small amount of nano-admixture makes possible not only to improve the physico-mechanical properties of the cement materials, but also to obtain the composite with high usability, optimised for the given application. The basic problem of nano-modification of the cement composites remains the effectiveness of dispersing the nanomaterials inside the cement matrix. This paper deals with the effect of the type and size of the nanoparticles on the tendency to their agglomeration in the cement matrix. The main techniques and methods of dispersing the nanomaterials are presented. It has been demonstrated, on the basis of the results of testing of three nanomodifiers of 0D type (nano-SiO2, nano-Fe3O4 and nano-Pb3O4), how the structure and properties of the nanomaterial affect the behaviour of the particles when dissolving in the mixing water and applying a superplasticiser. The nanoparticles had similar size of about 100 nm but different physico-chemical properties. The methods of dispersing covered the use of high-speed mechanical stirring and ultrasonication. The influence of the method of nano-modifier dispersing on the mechanical performance of the cement composite has been presented on the basis of the results of testing the cement mortars modified with 3% admixture of nano-SiO2.
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Nguyen, Trong Danh, My Thi Ngoc Nguyen, and Jun Seop Lee. "Carbon-Based Materials and Their Applications in Sensing by Electrochemical Voltammetry." Inorganics 11, no. 2 (February 15, 2023): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics11020081.
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In recent years, society has paid great attention to health care and environmental safety. Thus, research on advanced sensors for detecting substances that can harm health and the environment has been developed rapidly. Another popular target for detection techniques is disease-expressing materials that can be collected from body fluids. Carbon, which has outstanding electrochemical properties, can come from a variety of sources and has many morphological shapes, is nevertheless an environmentally friendly material. While carbon nanomaterial has become one of the most common targets for high-tech development, electrochemical voltammetry has proven to be an effective measurement method. Herein, the paper proposes a currently developed carbon nanomaterial along with research on a modified carbon material. Moreover, four common voltammetry methods and related works are also introduced.
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Bai, Yongchang, and Shuang Li. "Oxidative Stress Sensing System for 8-OHdG Detection Based on Plasma Coupled Electrochemistry by Transparent ITO/AuNTAs/PtNPs Electrode." Biosensors 13, no. 6 (June 12, 2023): 643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13060643.
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8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is the most widely used oxidative stress biomarker of the free radical-induced oxidative damage product of DNA, which may allow a premature assessment of various diseases. This paper designs a label-free, portable biosensor device to directly detect 8-OHdG by plasma-coupled electrochemistry on a transparent and conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode. We reported a flexible printed ITO electrode made from particle-free silver and carbon inks. After inkjet printing, the working electrode was sequentially assembled by gold nanotriangles (AuNTAs) and platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs). This nanomaterial-modified portable biosensor showed excellent electrochemical performance for 8-OHdG detection from 10 μg/mL to 100 μg/mL by our self-developed constant voltage source integrated circuit system. This work demonstrated a portable biosensor for simultaneously integrating nanostructure, electroconductivity, and biocompatibility to construct advanced biosensors for oxidative damage biomarkers. The proposed nanomaterial-modified ITO-based electrochemical portable device was a potential biosensor to approach 8-OHdG point-of-care testing (POCT) in various biological fluid samples, such as saliva and urine samples.
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Liu, Fei, and Yan Ling Wang. "Synthesis and Performance Study of the Nanomaterial Used to Stabilize the Reversible Invert Emulsion Drilling Fluid." Key Engineering Materials 744 (July 2017): 498–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.744.498.
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The reversible invert emulsion drilling fluids can achieve performance of oil based drilling fluid and solve the disadvantages associated by the oil based drilling fluid. This reversible invert emulsion drilling fluid can also focus the advantages of both oil based and water based drilling fluids. The surfactant emulsifier is the currently reported emulsifier used in the reversible invert emulsion. The stability of the reversible invert emulsion drilling fluid is very poor that can be known from the low emulsion breaking voltage. The dosage of the surfactant emulsifier is so much that it can increase the drilling cost and environmental pollution. In this paper, organic amine surfactant-modified nanoparticles are prepared and the modified nanoparticle which can be used to stabilize the reversible invert emulsion drilling fluid is chosen. The stability of the reversible invert emulsion drilling fluid stabilized by modified nanoparticles (emulsion breaking voltage>1100V) is better than the reversible invert emulsion drilling fluid stabilized by surfactant (450V<emulsion breaking voltage<600V). The dosage of the organic amine surfactant-modified nanoparticle emulsifier (2.4 wt.%) is less than the dosage of the surfactant emulsifier (4 wt.%), hence, reducing the drilling cost and environmental threat. The reversible invert emulsion drilling fluid stabilized by modified nanoparticles perform similar to the reversible invert emulsion drilling fluid stabilized by surfactant in the aspect of oiliness cuttings treatment. The reversible invert emulsion drilling fluid stabilized by modified nanoparticles also perform well in the aspect of oiliness cuttings treatment.
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Hu, Haibing, Baozhu Xie, Yangtian Lu, and Jianxiong Zhu. "Advances in Electrochemical Detection Electrodes for As(III)." Nanomaterials 12, no. 5 (February 25, 2022): 781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12050781.
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Arsenic is extremely abundant in the Earth’s crust and is one of the most common environmental pollutants in nature. In the natural water environment and surface soil, arsenic exists mainly in the form of trivalent arsenite (As(III)) and pentavalent arsenate (As(V)) ions, and its toxicity can be a serious threat to human health. In order to manage the increasingly serious arsenic pollution in the living environment and maintain a healthy and beautiful ecosystem for human beings, it is urgent to conduct research on an efficient sensing method suitable for the detection of As(III) ions. Electrochemical sensing has the advantages of simple instrumentation, high sensitivity, good selectivity, portability, and the ability to be analyzed on site. This paper reviews various electrode systems developed in recent years based on nanomaterials such as noble metals, bimetals, other metals and their compounds, carbon nano, and biomolecules, with a focus on electrodes modified with noble metal and metal compound nanomaterials, and evaluates their performance for the detection of arsenic. They have great potential for achieving the rapid detection of arsenic due to their excellent sensitivity and strong interference immunity. In addition, this paper discusses the relatively rare application of silicon and its compounds as well as novel polymers in achieving arsenic detection, which provides new ideas for investigating novel nanomaterial sensing. We hope that this review will further advance the research progress of high-performance arsenic sensors based on novel nanomaterials.
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Onyszko, M., A. Markowska-Szczupak, R. Rakoczy, O. Paszkiewicz, J. Janusz, A. Gorgon-Kuza, K. Wenelska, and E. Mijowska. "Few Layered Oxidized h-BN as Nanofiller of Cellulose-Based Paper with Superior Antibacterial Response and Enhanced Mechanical/Thermal Performance." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 15 (July 29, 2020): 5396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155396.
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In this study, hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets enriched with hydroxyl groups (h-BN-OH) were successfully grafted on the surface of cellulose fibers after the simple and effective exfoliation and oxidation of bulk h-BN. OH groups of h-BN-OH and the ones presented on the surface of cellulose fibers interacted via hydrogen bonding. Both spectroscopic (FT-IR, XRD) and microscopic (TEM, SEM, and atomic force microscopy (AFM)) methods results proved the successful functionalization of the cellulose fibers with the nanomaterial. Modified cellulose fibers were used to prepare paper sheets samples with different concentrations of the nanomaterial (1 wt %, 2 wt %, and 3 wt %). All the samples were tested for the antibacterial properties via the colony forming unit method and exhibited good performance against both Gram-negative (E. coli) and Gram-positive (S. epidermidis) model bacteria. Additionally, the influence of the volume of working bacterial suspension on the antibacterial efficiency of the obtained materials was examined. The results showed significantly better antibacterial performance when the volume of bacterial suspension was reduced. Mechanical properties of the paper samples with and without nanofiller were also characterized. Tensile strength, tearing strength, and bursting strength of the paper samples containing only 2 wt % of the nanofiller were improved by 60%, 61%, and 118% in comparison to the control paper samples, respectively. Furthermore, the nanofiller improved the thermal properties of the composite paper—the heat release rate decreased by up to 11.6%. Therefore, the composite paper can be further explored in a wide range of antibacterial materials, such as packaging or paper coatings
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Niamsi, Wisanu, Nutcha Larpant, Pramod K. Kalambate, Vitsarut Primpray, Chanpen Karuwan, Nadnudda Rodthongkum, and Wanida Laiwattanapaisal. "Paper-Based Screen-Printed Ionic-Liquid/Graphene Electrode Integrated with Prussian Blue/MXene Nanocomposites Enabled Electrochemical Detection for Glucose Sensing." Biosensors 12, no. 10 (October 9, 2022): 852. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12100852.
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As glucose biosensors play an important role in glycemic control, which can prevent the diabetic complications, the development of a glucose sensing platform is still in needed. Herein, the first proposal on the in-house fabricated paper-based screen-printed ionic liquid/graphene electrode (SPIL-GE) modified with MXene (Ti3C2Tx), prussian blue (PB), glucose oxidase (GOx), and Nafion is reported. The concentration of PB/Ti3C2Tx was optimized and the optimal detection potential of PB/Ti3C2Tx/GOx/Nafion/SPIL-GE is −0.05 V. The performance of PB/Ti3C2Tx/GOx/Nafion modified SPIL-GE was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry technique. This paper-based platform integrated with nanomaterial composites were realized for glucose in the range of 0.0–15.0 mM with the correlation coefficient R2 = 0.9937. The limit of detection method and limit of quantification were 24.5 μM and 81.7 μM, respectively. In the method comparison, this PB/Ti3C2Tx/GOx/Nafion/SPIL-GE exhibits a good correlation with the reference hexokinase method. This novel glucose sensing platform can potentially be used for the good practice to enhance the sensitivity and open the opportunity to develop paper-based electroanalytical devices.
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Wongaree, Mathana, and Adisak Bootwong. "A Performance Study of CNT/TiO2/ PVA Loaded on the Paper Filter for Benzene Treatment from Cigarette Smoke." Materials Science Forum 990 (May 2020): 312–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.990.312.
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This work has studied the performance of benzene treatment from cigarette smoke using the prepared CNT/TiO2/PVA loaded on the paper filter in the air purifier reactor. CNT/TiO2 nanomaterial was prepared from a mixture of carbon nanotubes modified with sulfuric acid and titanium dioxide by a simple mixing method in the ambient temperature. CNT/TiO2 nanomaterial was then loaded on the paper filter by a filtrating technique using 12%w/v polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a co-polymer. The weight of CNT/TiO2 loaded on the paper filter was fixed at 3 g. The ratios of CNT: TiO2 was varied at 1:5, 1:10, and 1:15 w/w, respectively. The performance of air purifier using CNT/TiO2/PVA loaded on the paper filter with various ratios was investigated on the photocatalytic activity of benzene treatment from cigarette smoke under visible light. The decreased benzene concentrations were analyzed by GC-FID. As the results, the ratio of CNT/TiO2 loaded on the paper filter at 1:10 showed the highest performance by up to 45%, while the ratio of CNT/TiO2 at 1:15 showed 30% and CNT/TiO2 at 1:5 was the lowest of 22%, respectively. This is because adding the optimum CNT to TiO2 can be improved the adsorption efficiency and the ability to degrade benzene from cigarette smoke. Additionally, CNT also assists in reducing the recombination of TiO2 particles that effect to the high performance on the photocatalytic activity. Therefore, the prepared CNT/TiO2/PVA loaded on the paper filter could be used for the air treatment.
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Iłowska, Emilia, Jakub Barciszewski, Mariusz Jaskólski, Augustyn Moliński, Maciej Kozak, and Aneta Szymańska. "Identification of a Steric Zipper Motif in the Amyloidogenic Core of Human Cystatin C and Its Use for the Design of Self-Assembling Peptides." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 10 (May 22, 2022): 5800. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23105800.
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Amyloid fibrils have been known for many years. Unfortunately, their fame stems from negative aspects related to amyloid diseases. Nevertheless, due to their properties, they can be used as interesting nanomaterials. Apart from their remarkable stability, amyloid fibrils may be regarded as a kind of a storage medium and as a source of active peptides. In many cases, their structure may guarantee a controlled and slow release of peptides in their active form; therefore, they can be used as a potential nanomaterial in drug delivery systems. In addition, amyloid fibrils display controllable stiffness, flexibility, and satisfactory mechanical strength. In addition, they can be modified and functionalized very easily. Understanding the structure and genesis of amyloid assemblies derived from a broad range of amyloidogenic proteins could help to better understand and use this unique material. One of the factors responsible for amyloid aggregation is the steric zipper. Here, we report the discovery of steric zipper-forming peptides in the sequence of the amyloidogenic protein, human cystatin C (HCC). The ability of short peptides derived from this fragment of HCC to form fibrillar structures with defined self-association characteristics and the factors influencing this aggregation are also presented in this paper.
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Robert, Ubong Williams, Sunday Edet Etuk, Okechukwu Ebuka Agbasi, Grace Peter Umoren, Samuel Sunday Akpan, and Lebe Agwu Nnanna. "Hydrothermally-calcined waste paper ash nanomaterial as an alternative to cement for clay soil modification for building purposes." Acta Polytechnica 61, no. 6 (December 31, 2021): 749–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2021.61.0749.
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It has been observed that clay soil cannot be used for building design, unless it is modified by firing or with cement. Either method of stabilization can adversely affect the environment and public health just like indiscriminate dumping or open burning adopted in developing countries as the prevalent disposal technique for waste papers. This paper sought to examine the feasibility of using assorted waste papers to derive an alternative stabilizer to Portland Limestone Cement for modification of clay soil into composite materials suitable for building design. Specifically, clay-based composites were fabricated at 0 %, 5 %, 10 %, 15 %, and 20% replacement levels by weight with cement, and then hydrothermally-calcined waste paper ash nanomaterial (HCWPAN). Water absorption, sorptivity, bulk density, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, thermal diffusivity, flaking concentration, flexural strength, and compressive strength were investigated for each of the fabricated samples. Irrespective of the stabilizing agent utilized, 10% loading level was found to be the optimum for possession of maximum mechanical strength by the samples. Only samples with the HCWPAN content were found to be capable of reducing building dead loads and improving thermal insulation efficiency over un-stabilized clay material, if applied as walling elements in buildings. Generally, it was revealed that the cement and HCWPAN have comparable influences on the properties of clay soil, thus indicating that HCWPAN could be utilized as an alternative stabilizer to cement. In addition, the preparation of HCWPAN was found to be more energy-saving than that of the cement.
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Li, Xiaoyan, Hui Xie, Guiling Luo, Yanyan Niu, Xiaobao Li, Yaru Xi, Yi Xiong, Yong Chen, and Wei Sun. "Electrochemistry and Electrocatalysis of Hemoglobin Based on Graphene Quantum Dots Modified Electrode." Current Analytical Chemistry 16, no. 3 (May 15, 2020): 308–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411015666181128144712.
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Background: Graphene quantum dots (GQD) is a new member of carbon nanomaterial that has attracted increasing attention owing to its better chemical inertness, low cytotoxicity, large specific surface area, cheap cost, suitable conductivity and excellent biocompatibility. Methods: Electrochemical behaviors of this modified electrode were studied by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Electrochemical investigations of Nafion/Hb/GQD/ CILE were carried out with electrochemical parameters calculated. Results: In the phosphate buffer solution with a pH value of 5.0, good linear relationships between the catalytic reduction current and the concentration of substrate were got for TCA (6.0~100.0 mmol·L-1), NaNO2 (2.0~12.0 mmol·L-1) and H2O2 (6.0~30.0 mmol·L-1). The proposed method was applied to NaNO2 concentration detection in soak water from picked vegetables with satisfactory results. Conclusion: This Nafion/Hb/GQD/CILE had a good bioelectrocatalytic activity to different substrates such as trichloroacetic acid, NaNO2 and H2O2 reduction with the advantages including wide detection range, low detection limit and good stability. Therefore, the application of GQD in electrochemical sensor was extended in this paper.
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Wang, Qiuyun. "The Application of Nano-Calcium Carbonate in the Technology of Improving Road Petroleum Asphalt." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (July 31, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4636049.
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Nano-calcium carbonate is a new type of nanomaterial, which has great influence in many fields. In order to explore the influence of nano-calcium carbonate on petroleum asphalt, an experiment was designed to analyze the application of nano-calcium carbonate in improving road petroleum asphalt technology. This article explores the methods of preparing nano-calcium carbonate and petroleum pitch, understands the characteristics of the two materials, and then draws two methods of mixing nano-calcium carbonate and petroleum pitch: one is freezing and disintegrating, and the other is stepwise mixing fusion. In this paper, the fusion-modified asphalt is subjected to grouping experiments on the prediction model and “three indicators.” The experimental results show that with the increase in nano-calcium carbonate, the ductility of the modified asphalt decreases, the softening point increases, and the penetration is 15% reaching the maximum value. Nano-calcium carbonate is very suitable for improving road petroleum asphalt.
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Smoleń, Paweł, Tomasz Czujko, Zenon Komorek, Dominik Grochala, Anna Rutkowska, and Małgorzata Osiewicz-Powęzka. "Mechanical and Electrical Properties of Epoxy Composites Modified by Functionalized Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes." Materials 14, no. 12 (June 16, 2021): 3325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14123325.
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This paper investigates the effect of multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the mechanical and electrical properties of epoxy resins and epoxy composites. The research concerns multiwalled carbon nanotubes obtained by catalytic chemical vapor deposition, subjected to purification processes and covalent functionalization by depositing functional groups on their surfaces. The study included the analysis of the change in DC resistivity, tensile strength, strain, and Young’s modulus with the addition of carbon nanotubes in the range of 0 to 2.5 wt.%. The effect of agents intended to increase the affinity of the nanomaterial to the polymer on the aforementioned properties was also investigated. The addition of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes allowed us to obtain electrically conductive materials. For all materials, the percolation threshold was obtained with 1% addition of multiwalled carbon nanotubes, and filling the polymer with a higher content of carbon nanotubes increased its conductivity. The use of carbon nanotubes as polymer reinforcement allows higher values of tensile strength and a higher strain percentage to be achieved. In contrast, Young’s modulus values did not increase significantly, and higher nanofiller percentages resulted in a drastic decrease in the values of the abovementioned properties.
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Liu Tingguo, V. N. Zankavich, Yu N. Aliakseyeu, and B. M. Khroustalev. "Recycling of Materials for Pavement Dressing: Analytical Review." Science & Technique 18, no. 2 (April 17, 2019): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2019-18-2-104-112.
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The paper presents an analytical review of materials recycling for pavement dressing. Recycling or repeated usage of pavement dressing materials while making reconstruction and repair of road pavements is not considered as a new conception and it has been realized in various countries of the world since 20th century. Recycling (hot, cold) is based on methods of its execution, properties of pavement dressing materials which are subjected to processing and which influence on the quality of final material, technical and operational indices, specific economic efficiency. Investigations on the processes of structure formation, thermo-physical properties in components based on granulates of transformed pavement dressings during recycling demonstrate that regeneration makes it possible to attain 100 % recovery of material properties for road pavement base. The paper describes other factors which represent a complex of challenges concerning exterior and internal problems. These problems have arisen due to actual processes of heat and mass transfer in one layer, multi-layer systems of pavement dressings. At known coefficients of heat conductivity, steam- and mass permeability, diffusion, filtration, temperature conductivity, density of material layers etc. initial and boundary conditions it is possible to carry out optimization of heat- and mass transfer problems from bottom surface of road layer to its base (sand, bulk materials, ground). In addition to it, while taking into account development of scientific prospective direction that concerns nano-technology and creation of nano-materials for higher reliability of road dressings it is necessary to consider nanomaterial science in road-construction industry as the most actual one because when we study problems pertaining to fractional composition of all road dressing components including transfer to nanomaterials, for example, application of modified water-reducing agent based on nanostructured carbon it is possible significantly to increase physical and technological properties of asphalt concrete and concrete road dressings. The paper reveals that it is necessary to continue and expand study of physical and technical and thermophysical properties of new materials on the basis of nano-technologies with application of modified, nanostructured carbon-based plasticizer for construction-road industry because especially these additives significantly increase cement activity that leads to improvement of strength, reliability and longevity for the obtained materials.
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Hashemzehi, Mozhgan, Beko Mesic, Björn Sjöstrand, and Muhammad Naqvi. "A comprehensive review of nanocellulose modification and applications in papermaking and packaging: Challenges, technical solutions, and perspectives." BioResources 17, no. 2 (April 8, 2022): 3718–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.2.hashemzehi.
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The increasing usage of petroleum-based compounds has prompted numerous environmental concerns. Consequently, there has been a steady rise in research on the synthesis of useful materials from natural sources. Paper technologists are seeking environmentally acceptable dry end and wet end additives. Among the bio-based resources available, nanocellulose is a popular sustainable nanomaterial additive in the paper industry because of its high strength, high oxygen barrier performance, low density, great mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. NC’s extensive hydroxyl groups provide a unique possibility to dramatically modify the hydrophilicity and charge of the surface in order to improve their potential applications in the paper industry. The current paper reviews two series of surface modifications, each with various subcategories, depending on why modified nanocellulose is added in the paper production: to improve barrier properties or to improve mechanical properties of packaging materials. The methods presented in this study use the minimum amount of chemically hazardous solvents to have the least impact on the environment. This review focuses on modifications of nanocellulose and their subsequent application in the papermaking. The knowledge and the discussion presented in this review will form a literature source for future use by various stakeholders and the sustainable paper manufacturers.
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Xie, Xiangbing, Tao Hui, Yaofei Luo, Han Li, Guanghui Li, and Zhenyu Wang. "Research on the Properties of Low Temperature and Anti-UV of Asphalt with Nano-ZnO/Nano-TiO2/Copolymer SBS Composite Modified in High-Altitude Areas." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2020 (April 30, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9078731.
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Strong ultraviolet light and low-temperature are the typical environmental characteristics in high-altitude areas. The performance of SBS-modified asphalt in the above environmental characteristics needs further study. To improve the resistance ultraviolet (UV) ageing and low-temperature performance of copolymer- (SBS-) modified asphalt, an SBS-modified asphalt containing nano-ZnO and nano-TiO2 is proposed. In this paper, nano-ZnO, nano-TiO2, and SBS were used as modifiers with the silane coupling agent (KH-560) as the nanomaterial surface modification. The orthogonal test table was used to analyse the effects of the three modifiers on the physical properties of modified asphalt at different dosages. On this basis, the physical properties, low-temperature properties, and ageing indices (carbonyl index and sulfoxide index) were studied for base asphalt, SBS-modified asphalt, nano-ZnO/SBS-modified asphalt, and nano-ZnO/nano-TiO2/SBS composite-modified asphalt before and after photoaging. The content changes of characteristic elements (Zn and Ti) in the nano-ZnO/nano-TiO2/SBS composite-modified asphalt before and after ageing were studied by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and the UV ageing mechanism was revealed. The results indicate that two nanoparticles show the best compatibility with asphalt after surface modification and can improve the binding ability between SBS and base asphalt. The orthogonal test analysis shows that nano-ZnO has a highly significant effect on the low- and high-temperature performance of the nano-ZnO/nano-TiO2/SBS composite-modified asphalt, and nano-TiO2 has a significant effect on the high-temperature performance. Three optimal composite-modified systems for base asphalt including 4% nano-ZnO/1.5% nano-TiO2/3.2% SBS were proposed and had the best antiaging ability. Compared with the sulfoxide index, the carbonyl index changed most obviously before and after ageing. Additionally, the results reveal that nano-TiO2 has a good absorption effect at a wavelength of 365 nm (ultraviolet light), while nano-ZnO is liable to photolysis, and its activity decreases at this wavelength.
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Shen, Renjie, Shiwen Xue, Yanru Xu, Qi Liu, Zhang Feng, Hao Ren, Huamin Zhai, and Fangong Kong. "Research Progress and Development Demand of Nanocellulose Reinforced Polymer Composites." Polymers 12, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 2113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12092113.
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Nanocellulose is a type of nanomaterial with high strength, high specific surface area and high surface energy. Additionally, it is nontoxic, harmless, biocompatible and environmentally friendly and can be extracted from biomass resources. The surface groups of cellulose show high surface energy and binding activity on the nanoscale and can be modified by using various methods. Because nanocellulose has a high elastic modulus, rigidity and a low thermal expansion coefficient, it is an excellent material for polymer reinforcement. This paper summarizes the reinforcement mechanisms of nanocellulose polymer composites with a focus on the role of theoretical models in elucidating these mechanisms. Furthermore, the influence of various factors on the properties of nanocellulose reinforced polymer composites are discussed in combination with analyses and comparisons of specific research results in related fields. Finally, research focus and development directions for the design of high-performance nanocellulose reinforced polymer composites are proposed.
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Zhuang, Yuan, Cong Wang, Wei Qu, Yirou Yan, Ping Wang, and Chengjun Qiu. "A Planar Disk Electrode Chip Based on MWCNT/CS/Pb2+ Ionophore IV Nanomaterial Membrane for Trace Level Pb2+ Detection." Molecules 28, no. 10 (May 17, 2023): 4142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28104142.
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Unlike conventional lead ion (Pb2+) detecting methods, electrochemical methods have the attractive advantages of rapid response, good portability and high sensitivity. In this paper, a planar disk electrode modified by multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs)/chitosan (CS)/lead (Pb2+) ionophore IV nanomaterial and its matched system are proposed. This system presented a good linear relationship between the concentration of Pb2+ ions and the peak current in differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV), under optimized conditions of −0.8 V deposition potential, 5.5 pH value, 240 s deposition time, performed sensitive detection of Pb2+ within sensitivity of 1.811 μA · μg−1 and detection limit of 0.08 μg · L−1. Meanwhile, the results of the system in detecting lead ions in real seawater samples are highly similar to that of inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-MS), which proved a practicability for the system in detection of trace-level Pb2+.
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Tolkou, Athanasia K., Ioannis A. Katsoyiannis, and Anastasios I. Zouboulis. "Removal of Arsenic, Chromium and Uranium from Water Sources by Novel Nanostructured Materials Including Graphene-Based Modified Adsorbents: A Mini Review of Recent Developments." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (May 7, 2020): 3241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093241.
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Groundwater is commonly used as a drinking water resource all over the world. Therefore, groundwater contamination by toxic metals is an important issue of utmost concern for public health, and several technologies are applied for their effective removal, such as coagulation, ion exchange, adsorption, and membrane applications like reverse osmosis. Adsorption is acknowledged as a simple, effective and economic technology, which has received increased interest recently, despite certain limitations regarding operational applications. The respective scientific efforts have been specifically focused on the development and implementation of novel nano-structured adsorbent materials, which may offer extensive specific surface areas, much higher than the conventional adsorbents, and hence, are expected to present higher removal efficiencies of pollutants. In this paper, the recent developments of nanomaterial applications for arsenic, chromium and uranium removal from groundwaters are critically reviewed. Particularly, the use of novel composite materials, based mainly on hybrid metallic oxide nanoparticles and on composites based on graphene oxide (GO) (i.e., graphene-based hybrids), showed promising evidences to achieve efficient removal of toxic metals from water sources, even in full scale applications.
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Wang, Wenhai, Jiaxuan Li, Bin Hong, Yi Ma, Fei Chen, Keren Kang, and Jufang Wang. "Editable Au NCs@ZIF-8 nanomaterial-modified paper in situ as well as portable smartphone-assisted sensing assay for the highly sensitive Cu (II) detection in Wilson’s disease." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 393 (October 2023): 134225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2023.134225.
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He, Li-Qiong, Zhi-Mei Wang, Yu-Jie Li, Jing Yang, Li-Fu Liao, Xi-Lin Xiao, and Yong Liu. "A Novel Electrochemical Sensor Modified with a Computer-Simulative Magnetic Ion-Imprinted Membrane for Identification of Uranyl Ion." Sensors 22, no. 12 (June 10, 2022): 4410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22124410.
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In this paper, a novel ion-imprinted electrochemical sensor modified with magnetic nanomaterial Fe3O4@SiO2 was established for the high sensitivity and selectivity determination of UO22+ in the environment. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to investigate the interaction between templates and binding ligands to screen out suitable functional binding ligand for the reasonable design of the ion imprinted sensors. The MIIP/MCPE (magnetic ion imprinted membrane/magnetic carbon paste electrode) modified with Fe3O4@SiO2 exhibited a strong response current and high sensitivity toward uranyl ion comparison with the bare carbon paste electrodes. Meanwhile, the MCPE was fabricated simultaneously under the action of strong magnetic adsorption, and the ion imprinted membrane can be adsorbed stably on the electrode surface, handling the problem that the imprinted membrane was easy to fall off during the process of experimental determination and elution. Based on the uranyl ion imprinting network, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was adopted for the detection technology to realize the electrochemical reduction of uranyl ions, which improved the selectivity of the sensor. Thereafter, uranyl ions were detected in the linear concentration range of 1.0 × 10−9 mol L−1 to 2.0 × 10−7 mol L−1, with the detection and quantification limit of 1.08 × 10−9 and 3.23 × 10−10 mol L−1, respectively. In addition, the sensor was successfully demonstrated for the determination of uranyl ions in uranium tailings soil samples and water samples with a recovery of 95% to 104%.
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Ramesh, Sivalingam, Jaehwan Kim, and Joo-Hyung Kim. "Characteristic of Hybrid Cellulose-Amino Functionalized POSS-Silica Nanocomposite and Antimicrobial Activity." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/936590.
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Recently, cellulose has much attention as an emerging renewable nanomaterial which holds promising properties having unique piezoelectricity, insulating, and biodegradable nature for various applications. Also, the modified properties of cellulose by appropriate chemical modifications in various functional groups with outstanding properties or significantly improved physical, chemical, biological, and electronic properties will widen the way for it to be utilized in different usages. Therefore, in this paper, cellulose-functionalized polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) based materials were considered an important class of high-performance hybrid nanocomposite materials. To functionalize the regenerated cellulose, amino functionalized POSS material was synthesized via sol-gel covalent crosslinking process in presence of amino coupling agent. In this reaction, tetraethoxsilane (TEOS) andγ-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (γ-APTES) as coupling agent for metal precursors were selected. The chemical structure of cellulose-amine functionalized bonding and covalent crosslinking hybrids was confirmed by FTIR and1H NMR spectral analysis. From the TEM results, well-dispersed hybrid cellulose-functionalized POSS-silica composites are observed. The resulting cellulose-POSS-silica hybrid nanocomposites materials provided significantly improved the optical transparency, and thermal and morphological properties to compare the cellulose-silica hybrid materials. Further, antimicrobial test against pathogenic bacteria was carried out.
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Karaman, Hesham S., Adel Z. El Dein, Diaa-Eldin A. Mansour, Matti Lehtonen, and Mohamed M. F. Darwish. "Influence of Mineral Oil-Based Nanofluids on the Temperature Distribution and Generated Heat Energy Inside Minimum Oil Circuit Breaker in Making Process." Nanomaterials 13, no. 13 (June 27, 2023): 1951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13131951.
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The enhancement of the thermal properties of insulating oils has positively reflected on the performance of the electrical equipment that contains these oils. Nanomaterial science plays an influential role in enhancing the different properties of liquids, especially insulating oils. Although a minimum oil circuit breaker (MOCB) is one of the oldest circuit breakers in the electrical network, improving the insulating oil properties develops its performance to overcome some of its troubles. In this paper, 66 kV MOCB is modeled by COMSOL Multiphysics software. The internal temperature and the internally generated heat energy inside the MOCB during the making process of its contacts are simulated at different positions of the movable contact. This simulation is introduced for different modified insulating oils (mineral oil and synthetic ester oil) with different types of nanoparticles at different concentrations (0.0, 0.0025, 0.005, and 0.01 wt%). From the obtained results, it is noticed that the thermal stress on the MOCB can be reduced by the use of high thermal conductivity insulating oils. Nano/insulating oils decrease internal temperature and generate heat energy inside the MOCB by about 17.5%. The corresponding physical mechanisms are clarified considering the thermophoresis effect.
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Kononova, Irina, Pavel Kononov, and Vyacheslav Moshnikov. "Step-by-Step Modeling and Experimental Study on the Sol–Gel Porous Structure of Percolation Nanoclusters." Coatings 13, no. 2 (February 16, 2023): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020449.
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Non-conventional crystallization techniques have been developed in recent years. Non-conventional crystallization techniques use primary structural elements (for example, clusters) rather than atoms and molecules. Modern nanomaterial science is going through great changes as an entirely new approach of non-conventional growth mechanisms is emerging due to cluster coupling, catalyzing interest in cluster physics. The formation of fractal and percolation clusters has increased. We carried out step-by-step modeling and an experimental study of the formation of fractal and percolation clusters based on tin dioxide and silicon dioxide and formed by sol–gel technology. In this paper, the growth of fractal aggregates (clusters) from sol particles SnO2 and SiO2 based on the modified models of diffusion-limited and cluster–cluster aggregation is discussed. A percolation model using simulated fractal clusters of SnO2 and SiO2 particles is proposed. Experimental data on the sol–gel percolation structure of porous nanocomposites are presented. The modeling of SnO2 and SiO2 particles, which also consist of clusters (the next step in the hierarchy), is shown. We propose a generalized hierarchical three-dimensional percolation cluster model that allows calculating the surface area, knowing the experimental sizes of macropores and taking into account the micro- and mesopores (sizes less than a few nanometers).
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Grisolia, Antonio, Gianluca Dell’Olio, Angelica Spadafora, Marzia De Santo, Catia Morelli, Antonella Leggio, and Luigi Pasqua. "Hybrid Polymer-Silica Nanostructured Materials for Environmental Remediation." Molecules 28, no. 13 (June 29, 2023): 5105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28135105.
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Due to the ever-growing global population, it is necessary to develop highly effective processes that minimize the impact of human activities and consumption on the environment. The levels of organic and inorganic contaminants have rapidly increased in recent years, posing a threat to ecosystems. Removing these toxic pollutants from the environment is a challenging task that requires physical, chemical, and biological methods. An effective solution involves the use of novel engineered materials, such as silica-based nanostructured materials, which exhibit a high removal capacity for various pollutants. The starting materials are also thermally and mechanically stable, allowing for easy design and development at the nanoscale through versatile functionalization procedures, enabling their effective use in pollutant capture. However, improvements concerning mechanical properties or applicability for repeated cycles may be required to refine their structural features. This review focuses on hybrid/composite polymer-silica nanostructured materials. The state of the art in nanomaterial synthesis, different techniques of functionalization, and polymer grafting are described. Furthermore, it explores the application of polymer-modified nanostructured materials for the capture of heavy metals, dyes, hydrocarbons and petroleum derivatives, drugs, and other organic compounds. The paper concludes by offering recommendations for future research aimed at advancing the application of polymer-silica nanostructured materials in the efficiency of pollutant uptake.
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Ge, Shenguang, Lina Zhang, Yan Zhang, Feifei Lan, Mei Yan, and Jinghua Yu. "Nanomaterials-modified cellulose paper as a platform for biosensing applications." Nanoscale 9, no. 13 (2017): 4366–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nr08846e.
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Kuznetsova, T. S., I. V. Burakova, T. V. Pasko, A. E. Burakov, A. V. Melezhik, E. S. Mkrtchyan, A. V. Babkin, E. A. Neskoromnaya, and A. G. Tkachev. "Technology of obtaining nanocomposites for sorption purification of aqueous media." Perspektivnye Materialy 9 (2021): 68–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.30791/1028-978x-2021-9-68-78.
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The paper presents a technique for obtaining a universal composite nanomaterial for effective sorption water purification from pollutants of various chemical nature. The proposed material is a nanocomposite based on reduced graphene oxide modified with a functional organic component — polyaniline, which also includes oxidized carbon nanotubes as a structure former. The use of polyaniline makes it possible to significantly increase the activity and sorption capacity of the developed graphene material. The authors were developed a number of nanocomposites, which differ in the final stage of the pre-prepared hydrogel technology: drying in air (drying oven), freeze drying, drying under supercritical conditions (supercritical fluid — isopropyl alcohol). In addition, the effect of carbonization as an additional stage (T = 800 °C, argon) was studied in the article. The materials surface morphology was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The specific surface area and the parameters of the porous space were determined by nitrogen adsorption. The materials specific surface area increases depending on the choice of drying technology for the initial hydrogel (drying oven — 80 m2/g → freeze drying — 180 m2/g → supercritical drying — 290 m2/g), and also increases after the carbonization stage and reaches a value of ~ 350 m2/g. The nanocomposites sorption capacity to the organic dyes (methylene blue (MB) and solar yellow (SY)), as well as to heavy metals (for example, zinc ions) was determined. It was found that the value of MB sorption is up 1380 to 1800 mg/g, for SY — up 159 to 300 mg/g, for zinc — up 31 to 230 mg/g. At the same time, the sample processed under supercritical conditions, followed by carbonization, were shown the best characteristics.
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Das, Rabindra N., Konstantinos I. Papathomas, Mark D. Poliks, and Voya R. Markovich. "Nanomaterials for “Green” Electronics." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2010, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 000622–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2010-wp3-paper3.
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This paper examines the use of nanomaterials in the area of “green” technology. A variety of green materials for advanced organic packaging have been developed. These include capacitors and resistors as embedded passives, resin coated Cu (RCC) as buildup layers, highly conducting nano-micro media for Z-interconnects, lead free assembly paste, ZnO based additives, magnetic materials, inductors and thermal interface materials (TIM). Nanocomposites can provide high capacitance densities, ranging from 5 nf/inch2 to 25 nF/inch2, depending on composition, particle size and film thickness. The electrical properties of capacitors fabricated from BaTiO3-epoxy nanocomposites showed a stable capacitance over a temperature range from 20°C to 120 °C. A variety of printable discrete resistors with different sheet resistances, ranging from 1 ohm to 120 Mohm, processed utilizing a large panel format (19.5 × 24 inches) have been fabricated. Low resistivity nanocomposites, with volume resistivity in the range of 10−4 ohm-cm to 10−6 ohm-cm depending on composition, particle size, and loading can be used as conductive joints for high frequency and high density interconnect applications. A variety of metals including Cu, Ag, LMP (low melting point) and LMP-coated Cu fillers have been used to make halogen free, lead free electrically conducting adhesive technology as an alternative to solders. Halogen free resin modified with ceramics/organic particles can produce low Dk resin coated Cu (RCC) with Dk value in the range between 4.2 and 2.5. Similarly, low loss RCC materials can be produced by combining HF resin with low loss fillers. The mechanical strength of the various RCC was characterized by a 90 degree peel test and measurement of tensile strength. RCC exhibited peel strength with Gould's JTC-treated Cu as high as 6 lbs/inch for halogen free RCC. These halogen free RCC materials exhibit coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE), ranging from 27 ppm/°C to 32ppm/°C. The paper also describes a nanoparticle dispersion approach to prepare nanogels and nanofluids as thermal interface materials. Altogether, this is a new direction in the development of Green Packages and more specifically in the development of coreless substrates for semiconductor packaging.
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Szczeszak, Agata, Małgorzata Skwierczyńska, Dominika Przybylska, Marcin Runowski, Emilia Śmiechowicz, Aleksandra Erdman, Olena Ivashchenko, et al. "Upconversion luminescence in cellulose composites (fibres and paper) modified with lanthanide-doped SrF2 nanoparticles." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 34 (2020): 11922–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc02050h.
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Sánchez-Calvo, A., A. Costa-García, and M. C. Blanco-López. "Paper-based electrodes modified with cobalt phthalocyanine colloid for the determination of hydrogen peroxide and glucose." Analyst 145, no. 7 (2020): 2716–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9an02413a.
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Cobalt(ii) phthalocyanine (CoPc) was suspended in aqueous medium and the colloidal system was used as catalyst for the electrochemical determination of hydrogen peroxide on paper-based electrodes modified with carbon nanomaterials.
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Sánchez-Calvo, A., M. T. Fernández-Abedul, M. C. Blanco-López, and A. Costa-García. "Paper-based electrochemical transducer modified with nanomaterials for mercury determination in environmental waters." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 290 (July 2019): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2019.03.089.
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Gryaznova, Elena N., Ludmila N. Shiyan, and Yuri A. Irtegov. "Developing Nanomaterials with Given Properties Based on Aluminum Oxyhydroxide." Key Engineering Materials 685 (February 2016): 530–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.685.530.
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This paper reports about the method of modified nanomaterials. The aluminum oxyhydroxide was modified by manganese ions (II) during the synthesis. It was shown that modified aluminum oxyhydroxide has new function properties such as catalytic properties. It was shown that the modified aluminum oxyhydroxide with the high concentration of manganese ions (II) could be used in the reaction of the oxidation of methane.
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Kuang, Xin, Bifeng Yin, Xiping Yang, Hekun Jia, and Bo Xu. "Study of the tribological properties of nano lubricating oil blends for diesel engines." Nano Futures 6, no. 1 (February 4, 2022): 015002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2399-1984/ac3ccd.
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Abstract The aim of this paper is to evaluate and compare the tribological properties of lubricating oil blends with added nano graphene and nano cerium oxide (CeO2) on the key friction pairs of diesel engines. Dispersion stability is the premise of the study of tribological properties. In this paper, nano CeO2 particles were self-made and high-quality nano graphene was purchased. The dispersion stability of the two nanomaterials in lubricating oil was studied after the same modification. According to the working conditions of the cylinder liner and piston ring, friction and wear tests of the lubricating oil blends containing the modified nanomaterials were carried out at different temperatures. The results showed that both nanomaterials were successfully modified with oleic acid and stearic acid. The dispersion stability of the modified nanomaterials in lubricating oil was improved. The dispersion stability of the lubricating oil blends with graphene before and after modification was slightly higher than that of lubricating oil blends with CeO2 before and after modification. At high temperature, the anti-friction properties of the two nano lubricating oil blends were similar. At ambient temperature, lubricating oil blends containing modified CeO2 did not play a role in reducing friction, while lubricating oil blends with modified graphene had the effect of reducing friction. Whether at ambient temperature or high temperature, the anti-wear property when lubricated with lubricating oil blends with modified CeO2 within the right concentration range was better than that when lubricated with lubricating oil blends containing modified graphene.
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Chin, Kok Chung, Amarsinh Gohel, Hendry Izaac Elim, Weizhe Chen, Wei Ji, Ghee Lee Chong, Chorng Haur Sow, and Andrew T. S. Wee. "Modified carbon nanotubes as broadband optical limiting nanomaterials." Journal of Materials Research 21, no. 11 (November 2006): 2758–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2006.0338.
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Carbon nanotubes have been shown to be effective broadband optical limiters for nanosecond laser pulses. In this paper, we review the recent developments of carbon nanotube-based optical limiters, in particular the effects of modifying carbon nanotubes for device applications. The techniques used to modify carbon nanotubes mainly include thin film coating, doping, and blending with optical absorbing dye. These modifications can greatly enhance the optical limiting performance of carbon nanotubes, with the goal of fabricating an optimal optical limiter system.
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Federowicz, Karol, Mateusz Techman, Myroslav Sanytsky, and Pawel Sikora. "Modification of Lightweight Aggregate Concretes with Silica Nanoparticles—A Review." Materials 14, no. 15 (July 29, 2021): 4242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154242.
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The use of lightweight concrete (LWC) for structural and non-structural applications has attracted great interest in recent years. The main benefits include reduced deadload of structural elements and generally lower production and transportation costs. However, a decrease in concrete density often leads to a decrease in strength and durability. Typically, concretes are mostly modified with mineral additives such as silica fume or fly ash. Because of the recent developments in nanotechnology, research attention has turned to the possibility of improving concrete properties with nanomaterials, i.e., nano-SiO2. However, there are still certain issues with the dosage and efficiency of nanomaterials. Therefore, in order to establish the current state of knowledge in this field, this review gathers most recent results about the performance of LWC modified with nanomaterials. The review is divided into sections about the influence of nanoparticles on the fresh properties of concrete and their influence on the mechanical and durability characteristics. The paper studies in depth the most common approach to nanomaterials in concrete technology and proposes areas for further development.
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Horszczaruk, Elżbieta. "Properties of Cement-Based Composites Modified with Magnetite Nanoparticles: A Review." Materials 12, no. 2 (January 21, 2019): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12020326.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the many available studies on the evaluation of the influence of nanomaterials on the properties of cement-based composites, the effects of some nanoparticles have not yet been fully recognized. Among the unrecognized nanomaterials are magnetite nanoparticles (MN). The literature devoted to this subject is limited. This paper reviews state-of-the-art research carried out on the effect of MN on the properties of cement-based composites. Detailed descriptions of the processing, microstructures (hydration products), properties (hydration, workability, mechanical and functional properties, and durability), and probability applications of MN-engineered cementitious composites are presented. Particular attention has been paid to MN application methods to the cement composite. Finally, the risks, challenges, and future development of MN-modified cement-based composites is discussed.
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Piotrowska-Kirschling, Agnieszka, and Joanna Brzeska. "REVIEW OF CHITOSAN NANOMATERIALS FOR METAL CATION ADSORPTION." Progress on Chemistry and Application of Chitin and its Derivatives XXV (September 30, 2020): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15259/pcacd.25.004.
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Polysaccharides are polymers of long chains of monosaccharide units linked via glycosidic bonds. Starch, cellulose, chitin and their derivatives, such as chitosan, are examples of polysaccharides. Chitin is the second most common natural polysaccharide in the world (after cellulose). Chitin and chitosan are amino polysaccharides. Chitosan is often obtained by chemical, or sometimes enzymatic, deacetylation of chitin. These compounds are increasingly being modified to the nanometric scale. New engineering nanomaterials show better chemical, biological, mechanical, thermal, electrical and sorption properties than the primary materials. In this paper, the methods of chitosan nanomaterials synthesis and their adsorption properties of metal cations are discussed. As it is shown, the selected chitosan nanomaterials have promising adsorption properties of metal cations.
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Wojciechowska, Agnieszka, Agata Markowska-Szczupak, and Zofia Lendzion-Bieluń. "TiO2-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles (Fe3O4) with Antibacterial Properties." Materials 15, no. 5 (March 2, 2022): 1863. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051863.
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This paper presents the synthesis and characteristics of Fe3O4/C/TiO2 hybrid magnetic nanomaterials with antibacterial properties. The materials used were obtained using a microwave-assisted two-stage precipitation method. In the first stage, magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) were prepared with the precipitation method, during which an additional glucose layer was placed on them. Next, the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles was covered by TiO2. It was observed that the addition of carbon and titanium dioxide caused a decrease in the average size of magnetite crystallites from 15.6 to 9.2 nm. Materials with varying contents of anatase phase were obtained. They were characterized in terms of phase composition, crystallite size, specific surface area, surface charge and the kinds of function groups on the surface. The results show a successful method of synthesizing hybrid magnetic nanoparticles, stable in a solution, with antibacterial properties under direct solar light irradiation. Compared to classical materials based on TiO2 and used for water disinfection, the obtained photocatalytic nanomaterials have magnetic properties. Owing to this fact, they can be easily removed from water once their activity under direct irradiance in a given process has completed.
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Liu, Changjiang, Xiaochuan Huang, Yu-You Wu, Xiaowei Deng, Jian Liu, Zhoulian Zheng, and David Hui. "Review on the research progress of cement-based and geopolymer materials modified by graphene and graphene oxide." Nanotechnology Reviews 9, no. 1 (March 12, 2020): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2020-0014.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn recent years, with the higher requirements for the performance of cement-based materials and the call for energy conservation and environmental protection, a wave of research on new materials has set off, and various high-performance concrete and more environmentally friendly geopolymers have appeared in the public. With a view to solving the defects of energy consumption, environmental protection and low toughness of traditional cement-based materials. At the same time, nanomaterials have become a focus of current research. Therefore, the research on the properties of cement-based materials and geopolymers modified by graphene and its derivatives has aroused extensive interest of researchers. Graphene-based nanomaterials are one of them. Because of their large specific surface area, excellent physical properties have been favored by many researchers. This paper reviews the research progress of graphene-based nanomaterials in improving the properties of cement-based materials and geopolymer materials, and points out the main challenges and development prospects of such materials in the construction field in the future.