Academic literature on the topic 'Nanofibres de polyuréthane thermoplastique'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nanofibres de polyuréthane thermoplastique":
Mohamadi, Parian Sadat. "Système innovant de détection du colmatage des filtres à air basé sur les e-textiles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Centrale Lille Institut, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CLIL0012.
In this study, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanofibers were fabricated by optimizing electrospinning parameters. In order to make the membranes conductive, the carbon ink was printed on the surface of TPU nanofibers membranes using different patterns. Mechanical tests, electromechanical measurements, and cycle testing demonstrated suitable mechanical properties, resistance changes during stretching, andrepeatability of the sensor performance. To optimize the sensor ability, membranes with structured holeswere fabricated to minimize the pressure drop. Then, the pressure drop and resistance change of the sensorswith various printing patterns were measured in a ventilation tunnel. Comparison with M5 filters showedthat the pressure drop of these printed structured membranes was similar to air filters, and did not cause anincrease in the pressure drop of the system. Moreover, the resistance change of the sensor under differentair velocities indicated high sensitivity. In conclusion, this study successfully developed a facile andscalable technique to fabricate textile sensors for detecting air velocity in air filters
Primel, Antoine. "Étude du comportement d'un mélange de fluide supercritique et de polyuréthane thermoplastique pour une application de pièces automobiles." Thesis, Lorient, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORIS378.
The aim of this thesis is to study the behavior of a supercritical fluid (nitrogen or carbon dioxide) and thermoplastic polyurethanemeltmix during the production of jounce bumpers by the MuCell® injection molding process. First of all, the state of the art was developed in a literature review which allowed to describe the main phenomena that occur during processing of a mixture of supercritical fluid and polymer in microcellular foam. Then, a study at the laboratory scale allowed to characterize and model the behavior of a thermoplastic polyurethane in contact with a supercritical fluid and deduct the characteristics and behaviors essential to the understanding of various phenomena encountered during the process(diffusion, solubility , nucleation...). Finally, the last part of this work concerns the implementation of previously acquired knowledge on industrial means in order to analyze and stabilize the generated microcellular foam
Gaston, Amélie. "Développement d'une élastomère thermoplastique constitutif d'assemblages composites hates performances." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI153.
The aim of this thesis is the development of an elastomer material able to constitute the junction of two thermoplastic elastomers pieces and to absorb the deformations on these two parts. Various thermoplastic elastomers were identified and there thermomechanical behaviour was studied and compared to the thermoset elastomer presently used. Thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU) appeared as suitable matches? Their chemical structure, microstructure were studied as well as their mechanical properties in tensile strength and their behaviour toward multiple solicitations that highlights the Mullins effect. The Mullins Effect allows the quantification of irreversible plastic deformations which are induced by the thermoplasticity of the studied materials. It was observed that the irreversible deformations are close to the one of ther thermoset elastomer. We also focused on the existing link between the thermal and mechanical final properties at different scales, (from the molecular level to the macroscopic scale). In fact, the TPU are nanostructured materials that can contain pseudo-crystallinity and nano-phase separation that migth evolve with thermal history. This way, we tried to establish a link between the multi-scaled structure of the materials, it's processing and the resulting physical properties. Various strategies were explored to optimize the thermomechanical behaviour, either by adding nano/micro fillers or by the addition ok small amounts of ionic liquids in the polymer matrix
Bahrami, Saeid. "Design, Fabrication and Evaluation of Polyurethane/Gelatin Fiber/Hydrogel Scaffolds for Tendon Tissue Engineering." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS032.pdf.
Tendons and ligaments are the main components of the musculoskeletal system that connect bone to muscle and bone to bone, respectively. Owing to their load-bearing nature, they are prone to injuries. Current treatment options, including suturing, autografts, allografts, xenografts, and prostheses, suffer from several problems. Donor site morbidity, low availability, risk of injury recurrence, poor graft integration, infection transmission, inflammatory response, and high failure rates are the most inherent limitations of the aforementioned therapeutic modalities. To address these limitations, researchers have introduced the tissue engineering (TE) approach which aims improvement the quality of the healing process and fully restores tissue structure and function. The success of the TE strategy relies on the fact that the scaffolds mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) of native tissues in terms of structural and functional characteristics. Due to the unique structures and properties of electrospun fibers and hydrogels which are similar to natural tissues, they have been widely applied in many biological and biomedical fields. Given that, more and more attentions have been paid to the fiber-hydrogel constructs as biomaterials, aiming to bring their individual superiority into full play as well as remedy their intrinsic defects.The present study aims to produce 3D biomimetic scaffolds based on aligned electrospun polyurethane nanofibers and gelatin hydrogel, which will promote cells behavior and result in tissue regeneration. We believe that the findings of this project will lead to the development of a new tendon regeneration strategy to improve functional tendon repair outcomes and provide the framework for expediting the clinical and commercial translation of our tissue engineering technologies
Lachhab, Abdelmonem. "Caractérisation du comportement thermomécanique d'un polyuréthane compact et sous forme de mousse : application aux butées élastiques pour véhicules automobiles." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016REN1S134.
This PhD thesis deals with the full mechanical and thermomechanical characterization of thermoplastic polyurethane, in its compact and foam states, dedicated to antivibratory systems for automotive. This characterization has been carried out by using quantitative imaging techniques, especially infrared thermography. From a mechanical point of view, the dependency of the different phenomena involved in the material deformation - Mullins effect, mechanical hysteresis, residual deformation and volume change - on the initial density and loading rate has been established. The thermal and calorimetric signature of these phenomena has been characterized and the mechanical dissipation was estimated from energy balances. The results obtained provide an experimental database for the identification of constitutive parameters and the enrichment of behavior laws
Chennell, Philip. "Préparation et caractérisation de surfaces poreuses ordonnées en polymères en vue d'applications médicales." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAS005/document.
Ureteral stents and nephrostomy catheters are made of silicone or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). A topographical modification creating an ordered porous surface could limit the infectious risks during their implantation, by reducing bacterial adhesion and creating a loading platform from which anti-infectious compounds could be released.In this work, a two-steps replication method was used to create ordered porous polymer surfaces (silicone or TPU) using porous anodic aluminium oxide (PAAO) as master template. The PAAO surfaces were prepared by double mild or double hard/mild anodization. Three intermediate mould materials were tested (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, polystyrene, polyacrylate resin). The polymer material (silicone or TPU) was then moulded onto the intermediate mould surfaces that possessed freestanding pillar arrays, to imprint pores. The obtained surfaces were characterized by microscopic and spectroscopic methods. The initial PAAO surfaces prepared by double mild anodization possessed pores of about 50 nm diameter and 100 nm depth, whereas those prepared after development of the double hard/mild anodization method were bigger, of about 125 nm diameter and several hundred nanometers deep. The intermediate mould structure possessed freestanding arrays, but instabilities (lateral adhesion) were noted for certain conditions. The best pattern replication was observed for TPU. In conclusion, these novel porous polymeric surfaces could be optimized and tested for an anti-biofilm effect
Gallu, Raïssa. "Design de polyuréthanes thermoplastiques (TPU) et étude des morphologies multi-échelles de mélanges bitume / TPU." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI087.
Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) containing hard and soft segments with variable molecular architecture are synthesized in two steps, the first one including a polyurethane pre-polymer. The microstructure of theses polymers shows phase separation occurring between soft and hard segments according to the nature of the segments. Hard segments can organize under two forms, either amorphous or crystalline. The morphology of TPU depends on the chemical structure of the hard segment involved. Incompatibility between soft and hard segments was highlighted from solubility parameters analysis, complete with characterization at various scales with microscopy (electron and AFM) and X-ray scattering technics. Theses thermoplastic polyurethanes are used to prepare bitumen-polymer blends. Interactions between the polymer segments and bitumen fractions are studied, considering solubility parameters of each of them and swelling measurements in order to study miscibility between the compounds. Model oils are used in the aims of mimicking some oily fractions of bitumen, and soft and hard segments are separately synthesized to study properties of each phases in the bitumen-polymer mixture. Multi-scale morphology of the blends is studied in connection with rheological properties and structure of the used polymer. The addition of polymer in bitumen allows to modify viscoelastic properties of bitumen beyond its glass transition due to the selective swelling of the polymer by the oily fractions. Having highlighted and analyzed the selective swelling by considering solubility parameters and interfacial tension measurements, we show that the presence of a continuous polymer-rich phase containing semi-crystalline hard segments in the blends leads to delay the flow of the bituminous material at highest temperatures. The oil composition of this polymer-rich phase will depend on its affinity with the fractions of bitumen and thus on the chemical structure of the polymer. In addition, semi-crystalline hard segment content of the polymer is also a key parameter allowing to adjust its affinity with bitumen and consequently on rheological properties of the bitumen-polymer mixture