Journal articles: 'Nanocomposites - Physical Properties'

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Abou El Fadl, Faten Ismail, Maysa A. Mohamed, Magida Mamdouh Mahmoud, and Sayeda M. Ibrahim. "Studying the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of irradiated natural rubber latex/magnetite nanocomposite." Radiochimica Acta 110, no. 2 (November 22, 2021): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ract-2021-1080.

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Abstract Nanocomposites have received voluminous interest due to the combination of unique properties of organic and inorganic component in one material. In this class, magnetic polymer nanocomposites are of particular interest because of the combination of excellent magnetic properties, stability, and good biocompatibility. This paper reports the preparation and characterization of nanocomposites films based on natural rubber in latex state (NRL) loaded with different concentrations of semiconducting magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4) (MNPs) (5, 10, 15, 20, and 30%). NRL (100%) and NRL/Fe3O4 nanocomposites were prepared by solution casting technique then, exposed to various irradiation doses (50, 70, 100 kGy).The nanocomposite’s morphological, and physical properties were investigated through various spectroscopic techniques such as Fourier-transformed infrared, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron, and transmission electron microscopies. The mechanical properties, including the tensile strength and elongation at break percentage (E b %) of the nanocomposites were also studied and compared with the 100% NRL films. Based on the results obtained from the mechanical study, it is found that the NRL/20% Fe3O4 nanocomposite film exhibited the highest tensile strength at 100 kGy. On the other hand, based on the conductivity study, it is found that, NRL/Fe3O4 nanocomposite with 10% magnetite exhibit the highest conductivity as the content of magnetite plays an important and effective role based on the high and homogeneous dispersity.

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Alakrach, Abdulkader M., Awad A. Al-Rashdi, Mohamed Khalid Al-Omar, Taha M. Jassam, Sam Sung Ting, Omar S. Dahham, and Nik Noriman Zulkepli. "Physical and Barrier Properties of Polylactic Acid/Halloysite Nanotubes-Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposites." Materials Science Forum 1021 (February 2021): 280–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1021.280.

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In this study, PLA/TiO2 and PLA/HNTs-TiO2 nanocomposites films were fabricated via solution casting method. By testing the film density, solubility, water contact angle and water vapor permeability, the PLA nanocomposite films, the comprehensive performances of the nanocomposites were analysed. The outcomes demonstrated that maximum film density of PLA/TiO2 and PLA/HNTs-TiO2 nanocomposites films increased gradually with the increasing of nanofiller loadings. Moreover, the incorporation of TiO2 and HNTs-TiO2 significantly decreased the water vapor transmittance rate of the nanocomposite films with a slight priority to the addition of HNTs-TiO2, the water solubility was significantly improved with the addition of both nanofillers. Furthermore, the barrier properties were developed with the addition of both TiO2 and HNTs-TiO2 especially after the addition of low nanofiller loadings. Overall, the performance of the PLA/HNTs-TiO2 nanocomposite films was better than that PLA/TiO2 film. Nevertheless, both of the PLA nanocomposite samples achieved the requests of food packaging applications.

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Mohammed, K. J. "Study the effect of CaCO3 nanoparticles on physical properties of biopolymer blend." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 16, no. 39 (January 5, 2019): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v16i39.97.

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Chitosan (CH) / Poly (1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate) (PVP-co-VAc) blend (1:1) and nanocomposites reinforced with CaCO3 nanoparticles were prepared by solution casting method. FTIR analysis, tensile strength, Elongation, Young modulus, Thermal conductivity, water absorption and Antibacterial properties were studied for blend and nanocomposites. The tensile results show that the tensile strength and Young’s modulus of the nanocomposites were enhanced compared with polymer blend [CH/(PVP-co-VAc)] film. The mechanical properties of the polymer blend were improved by the addition of CaCO3 with significant increases in Young’s modulus (from 1787 MPa to ~7238 MPa) and tensile strength (from 47.87 MPa to 79.75 MPa). Strong interfacial bonding between the CaCO3 nanoparticles and the [CH/(PVP-co-VAc)), homogenous distribution of the nanoparticles in the polymer blend, are assistance of noticeably raised mechanical durability. The thermal conductivity of the polymer blend and CaCO3 nanocomposite films show that it decreased in the adding of nanoparticle CaCO3. The solvability measurements display that the nanocomposite has promoted water resistance. The weight gain lowered with the increase of nano CaCO3. Blending chitosan CH with (PVP-co-VAc) enhanced strength and young modules of the nanocomposites and increased the absorption of water because hydrophilic of the blended polymers films. The effect of two types of positive S.aurous and negative E. coli was studied. The results showed that the nanocomposites were effective for both types, where the activity value ranged from (12 ~ 21). The best results were found for S.aurous bacteria.

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Allahverdiyeva, Kh V. "PHYSICAL-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITES BASED ON GRAPHITE AND MODIFIED POLYOLEFINS." Chemical Problems 19, no. 4 (2021): 232–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2021-4-232-240.

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The influence of the graphite concentration on the main physical-mechanical properties of nanocomposites based on such polyolefin as high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene and polypropylene is considered. Properties such as tensile yield stress, ultimate tensile stress, and ultimate bending strength, elongation at break, heat resistance, flexural strength, MFI, and melting points are analysed. To improve the compatibility of the mixed components of the mixture, we used an Exxelor PO1040 compatibilizer for all grades of polyethylene and Exxelor PO1020 for polypropylene. Graphite was introduced into the composition of polyolefin at the following concentrations: 1.0, 3.0, 5.0, 10, 15, 20, and 30 wt%. As a result of the research, it was found that the introduction of graphite into the composition of polyolefin was accompanied by an improvement in strength characteristics with maximum at various concentrations. For high density polyethylene, the maximum values of strength characteristics are observed at 3.0 wt%, for low density polyethylene at 10 wt%, and for polypropylene at 5.0 wt% content of graphite. It revealed that such a difference in the value of the threshold concentration of graphite which provides the maximum value of strength indicators,was directly related to the degree of crystallinity of the polymer matrix.

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Tushavina, O. V., G. I. Kriven, and Thant Zin Hein. "Study of Thermophysical Properties of Polymer Materials Enhanced by Nanosized Particles." International Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing 15 (September 14, 2021): 1436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9106.2021.15.155.

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In this work, the object of study is an epoxy nanocomposite based on TiO2 nanoparticles and epoxy resin, and the subject is the preparation and physical and mechanical properties of TiO2/epoxy nanocomposites. The characteristics of the properties and methods of synthesis of the initial components for the synthesis of epoxy nanocomposites - epoxy resins and nanoparticles of titanium dioxide are given, and data on epoxy nanocomposites based on nanoparticles of titanium dioxide are presented. It was found that the addition of TiO2 to the epoxy matrix reduces the coefficient of friction and significantly increases the wear resistance of such nanocomposites.

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Kumar, Amit, Pen-Yi Hsieh, Muhammad Omar Shaikh, R. K. Rakesh Kumar, and Cheng-Hsin Chuang. "Flexible Temperature Sensor Utilizing MWCNT Doped PEG-PU Copolymer Nanocomposites." Micromachines 13, no. 2 (January 27, 2022): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13020197.

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In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyurethane (PU)-based shape-stabilized copolymer nanocomposites were synthesized and utilized for developing low-cost and flexible temperature sensors. PU was utilized as a flexible structural material for loading a thermosensitive phase change PEG polymer by means of physical mixing and chemical crosslinking. Furthermore, the introduction of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as a conductive filler in the PEG-PU copolymer resulted in a nanocomposite with thermoresistive properties. MWCNT loading concentrations from 2 wt.% to 10 wt.% were investigated, to attain the optimum conductivity of the nanocomposite. Additionally, the effect of MWCNT loading concentration on the thermosensitive behavior of the nanocomposite was analyzed in the temperature range 25 °C to 50 °C. The thermosensitive properties of the physically mixed and crosslinked polymeric nanocomposites were compared by spin coating the respective nanocomposites on screen printed interdigitated (IDT) electrodes, to fabricate the temperature sensor. The chemically crosslinked MWCNT-PEG-PU polymeric nanocomposite showed an improved thermosensitive behavior in the range 25 °C to 50 °C, compared to the physically mixed nanocomposite. The detailed structural, morphological, thermal, and phase transition properties of the nanocomposites were investigated using XRD, FTIR, and DSC analysis. XRD and FTIR were used to analyze the crystallinity and PEG-PU bonding of the copolymer nanocomposite, respectively; while the dual phase (solid–liquid) transition of PEG was analyzed using DSC. The proposed nanocomposite-based flexible temperature sensor demonstrated excellent sensitivity, reliability and shows promise for a wide range of bio-robotic and healthcare applications.

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Yu, Suzhu, Yang Kang Juay, and Ming Shyan Young. "Fabrication and Characterization of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Poly(methyl methacrylate) Nanocomposites." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2008): 1852–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2008.18250.

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Multiwall carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposites have been successfully fabricated with melt blending. Two melt blending approaches of batch mixing and continuous extrusion have been used and the properties of the derived nanocomposites have been compared. The interaction of PMMA and CNTs, which is crucial to greatly improve the polymer properties, has been physically enhanced by adding a third party of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) compatibilizer. It is found that the electrical threshold for both PMMA/CNT and PMMA/PVDF/CNT nanocomposites lies between 0.5 to 1 wt% of CNTs. The thermal and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites increase with CNTs and they are further increased by the addition of PVDF. For 5 wt% CNT reinforced PMMA/PVDF/CNT nanocomposite, the onset of decomposition temperature is about 17 °C higher and elastic modulus is about 19.5% higher than those of neat PMMA. Rheological study also shows that the CNTs incorporated in the PMMA/PVDF/CNT nanocomposites act as physical cross-linkers.

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Araújo, Edcleide Maria, K. D. Araujo, and Taciana Regina de Gouveia Silva. "Physical Properties of Nylon 66/Organoclay Nanocomposites." Materials Science Forum 530-531 (November 2006): 702–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.530-531.702.

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Nanocomposites containing nylon 66 and montmorillonite clay organically modified with quaternary ammonium salts were obtained via direct melt intercalation. A montmorillonite sample from Boa Vista/PB, Northeast of Brazil, was treated with three types of quaternary ammonium salts such as Genamin, Praepagen and Cetremide. After the treatment, the powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The produced nanocomposites were characterized by Torque Rheometer, Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical properties and HDT. The obtained results for rheological characterization showed that the nanocomposites did not present deterioration with the presence of modified clay. Generally, the mechanical properties of tensile of the systems presented superior values compared to that of pure Ny 66. HDT's properties presented very interesting values for the nanocomposites and significantly larger than for pure nylon 66.

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Kausar, Ayesha. "A review of fundamental principles and applications of polymer nanocomposites filled with both nanoclay and nano-sized carbon allotropes – Graphene and carbon nanotubes." Journal of Plastic Film & Sheeting 36, no. 2 (October 21, 2019): 209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756087919884607.

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Advancements in polymer/nanoclay nanocomposites have supported the development of distinctive preparation strategies and characteristic features. High-performance polymer/nanoclay nanocomposites have applications in aerospace, automotive, construction, environmental, and biomedicine. To further improve polymer/nanoclay nanocomposite performance, nanoclay nanobifillers have been considered. In this regard, nano-sized carbon allotropes are potential contenders to form nanoclay nanobifillers. This article presents a detailed and state-of-the-art review on polymer/nanoclay nanobifiller nanocomposites. The primary focus of this pioneering effort is to deliver an up-to-date overview on polymer/nanoclay nanobifiller nanocomposites along with their categorization, fabrication, properties, and uses. Nanoclay nanobifiller designs using carbon nanotube, graphene, and fullerene are considered. Consequently, ensuing nanocomposite categories are discussed including polymer/nanoclay-carbon nanotube, polymer/nanoclay-graphene, and polymer/nanoclay-fullerene nanocomposites. The dispersion properties and alignment of nanoclay nanobifiller in polymeric nanocomposites have been investigated. Enhancing the interfacial bonding strength between matrix and nanoclay nanobifiller enhances the resulting nanocomposite physical properties. Application areas for polymer/nanoclay nanobifiller nanocomposites include supercapacitors, non-flammable materials, and self-healing materials. The discussion also highlights potential future directions for this emerging research field. Forthcoming advancements in polymer/nanoclay nanobifiller nanocomposites must focus the intensive design control, nanobifiller functionality, new processing techniques, superior dispersion, and enhanced features to further broaden the application prospects of these materials.

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Gudkov, Sergey V., Dmitriy E. Burmistrov, Vasily N. Lednev, Aleksander V. Simakin, Oleg V. Uvarov, Roman N. Kucherov, Petr I. Ivashkin, Alexey S. Dorokhov, and Andrey Yu Izmailov. "Biosafety Construction Composite Based on Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and PLGA." Inventions 7, no. 3 (July 20, 2022): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions7030061.

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Nanocomposites based on polymers and nanoparticles are used in agriculture for photoconversion of solar radiation, as a basis for covering material, as a packaging material, and as functional films. At the same time, nanocomposites are almost never used in agriculture as biosafe structural materials. In this work, we have developed a technology for obtaining a nanocomposite based on PLGA and iron oxide nanoparticles. The nanocomposite has unique physical and chemical properties and also exhibits pronounced antibacterial properties at a concentration of iron oxide nanoparticles of more than 0.01%. At the same time, the nanocomposite does not affect the growth and development of pepper and is biocompatible with mammalian cells. Nanocomposites based on PLGA and iron oxide nanoparticles can be an attractive candidate for the manufacture of structural and packaging materials in agriculture.

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Kumari, Sangeeta, Raj Pal Singh, Nayaku N. Chavan, Shivendra V. Sahi, and Nilesh Sharma. "Characterization of a Novel Nanocomposite Film Based on Functionalized Chitosan–Pt–Fe3O4 Hybrid Nanoparticles." Nanomaterials 11, no. 5 (May 13, 2021): 1275. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11051275.

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The development of organic—inorganic hybrids or nanocomposite films is increasingly becoming attractive in light of their emerging applications. This research focuses on the formation of a unique nanocomposite film with enhanced elasticity suitable for many biomedical applications. The physical property measurement system and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze Pt–Fe3O4 hybrid nanoparticles. These nanohybrids exhibited magnetic effects. They were further exploited to prepare the nanocomposite films in conjunction with a chitosan-g–glycolic acid organic fraction. The nanocomposite films were then examined using standard techniques: thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and atomic force microscopy. Tensile strength testing demonstrated a significantly greater elastic strength of these nanocomposite films than pure chitosan films. The water absorption behavior of the nanocomposites was evaluated by measuring swelling degree. These nanocomposites were observed to have substantially improved physical properties. Such novel nanocomposites can be extended to various biomedical applications, which include drug delivery and tissue engineering.

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Dul, Sithiprumnea, Alessandro Pegoretti, and Luca Fambri. "Effects of the Nanofillers on Physical Properties of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Nanocomposites: Comparison of Graphene Nanoplatelets and Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes." Nanomaterials 8, no. 9 (August 29, 2018): 674. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8090674.

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The effects of carbonaceous nanoparticles, such as graphene (GNP) and multiwall carbon nanotube (CNT) on the mechanical and electrical properties of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) nanocomposites have been investigated. Samples with various filler loadings were produced by solvent free process. Composites ABS/GNP showed higher stiffness, better creep stability and processability, but slightly lower tensile strength and electrical properties (low conductivity) when compared with ABS/CNT nanocomposites. Tensile modulus, tensile strength and creep stability of the nanocomposite, with 6 wt % of GNP, were increased by 47%, 1% and 42%, respectively, while analogous ABS/CNT nanocomposite showed respective values of 23%, 12% and 20%. The electrical percolation threshold was achieved at 7.3 wt % for GNP and 0.9 wt % for CNT. The peculiar behaviour of conductive CNT nanocomposites was also evidenced by the observation of the Joule’s effect after application of voltages of 12 and 24 V. Moreover, comparative parameters encompassing stiffness, melt flow and resistivity were proposed for a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of the fillers.

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Merah, Necar, Farhan Ashraf, and Mian M. Shaukat. "Mechanical and Moisture Barrier Properties of Epoxy–Nanoclay and Hybrid Epoxy–Nanoclay Glass Fibre Composites: A Review." Polymers 14, no. 8 (April 16, 2022): 1620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14081620.

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Epoxy clay nanocomposites have been proven to have improved mechanical, thermal and physical properties over pristine matrix. Thus, the fields of application of epoxy–clay nanocomposites along with their hybrid glass/carbon fibre reinforced composites have grown tremendously during the last few decades. The present review paper covers the research work performed on epoxy clay nanocomposites. It includes the influence of the processing techniques and parameters on the morphology of the nanocomposite, the methods of characterization and the effects of adding nanoclay on the mechanical and physical properties of composite. The improvements in the liquid barrier properties brought about by the addition of nanoclay platelets to epoxy resin are discussed. The variation of physical and mechanical properties with nanoclay type and content are reviewed along with the effects of moisture uptake on these properties. The advances in the development, characterization and applications of hybrid glass fibre reinforced epoxy–clay nanocomposites are discussed. Findings of the research work on the influence of nanoclay addition and exposure to water laden atmospheres on the behaviour of the hybrid glass fibre epoxy–nanoclay composites are presented. Finally, the potential health and environmental issues related to nanomaterials and their hybrid composites are reviewed.

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Doğan, Mehmet, Hatice Yüksel, and Berna Koçer Kizilduman. "Characterization and thermal properties of chitosan/perlite nanocomposites." International Journal of Materials Research 112, no. 5 (May 1, 2021): 405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2020-8007.

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Abstract In this study, chitosan/perlite nanocomposites were synthesized using the solvent casting method and then characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, optical contact angle, differential thermal analysis/thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and Zetasizer NanoS devices. Perlite was determined to be dispersed in nano size and homogeneously in the chitosan matrix. Chitosan/perlite nanocomposite was generally more thermally stable compared to pure chitosan polymer. The fact that the amount of perlite in the nanocomposite increased showed that the hydrophilic properties of nanocomposites increased. In addition, antibacterial activities of the samples were investigated using the agar-disk diffusion method and hemocompatibility testing was also performed.

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de Carvalho Arjona, Jéssica, Francisco Rolando Valenzuela-Díaz, Hélio Wiebeck, Wang Shu Hui, and Maria das Graças da Silva-Valenzuela. "Physical Properties of PHB/VMF2 Nanocomposite Microcapsules in Water." Materials Science Forum 930 (September 2018): 190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.930.190.

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The characterization of nanocomposites microcapsules made of biodegradable polymers is really important to science and technology, as different systems can be produced targeting unique properties. The aim of this study is to prepare and to evaluate oil loaded PHB/VMF2 microcapsules’ behavior in water. The microcapsules were analyzed by FTIR, SEM and XRD. The biodegradable nanocomposite present exfoliated clay (XRD) whose absorption at 989 cm-1(FTIR) indicates the Si-O stretching vibration, from VMF2. The microcapsules observed by SEM presented spherical shapes and some average diameters from 12 μm to 35 μm, depending on the composition of the shell and the presence or absence of the encapsulated oil. Compared to microcapsules’ shell made from PHB, those from the nanocomposite PHB/VMF2 proved to display better mechanical resistance thus very few fractured particles were observed by SEM.

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POWELL, C., and G. BEALL. "Physical properties of polymer/clay nanocomposites." Current Opinion in Solid State and Materials Science 10, no. 2 (April 2006): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cossms.2006.09.001.

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Raiati, Maryam, Mohammadreza Kalaee, and Saeedeh Mazinani. "EFFECT OF FILLER TYPE AND CONTENT ON PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NR/SBR NANOCOMPOSITE BLEND." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 90, no. 4 (October 1, 2017): 751–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/rct.18.82695.

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ABSTRACT The effect of type and content of nanofiller on the cure behavior, cure characteristics, and mechanical and dynamic mechanical thermal properties of the vulcanized SBR/NR (30/70) blend nanocomposites containing carbon black were investigated. Halloysite nanotube (HNT) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) nanoparticles were used as reinforcing agents at different levels ranging from 0 to 5 phr. Two nanofillers affected the cure characteristics of the blended vulcanizates in opposite ways. While the gradual incorporation of HNT into the elastomer blend shortened the scorch time along with an increase in the effective torque of resulting nanocomposite compared to the unfilled blend, the progressive addition of CaCO3 into the blend monotonically prolonged the scorch time in conjunction with a decrease in the effective torque of vulcanizate sample. Mechanical tests showed enhanced elastic modulus and tensile strength of HNT-filled nanocomposites as the HNT content was increased. Nanocomposites reinforced with HNT exhibited significantly higher extensibility than the unfilled blend. In the case of CaCO3-filled nanocomposites, the elastic modulus and ultimate strength decreased upon the addition of CaCO3 nanoparticles, whereas the strain at break showed a substantial increase compared to unfilled compound. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis results revealed a monotonic shift of damping peak's temperature toward higher temperatures with HNT loading in HNT-filled vulcanizate nanocomposites. For CaCO3-filled nanocomposites, the damping peak's temperature shifted to higher temperatures at first and then shifted back to lower temperatures at higher loadings of CaCO3. The damping peak's intensity of the CaCO3-filled nanocomposites was considerably higher than the unfilled blend, indicating higher damping capability in these systems.

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El Fray, Miroslawa, Michal Rybko, and Agnieszka Piegat. "Silica-Polyester Nanocomposites Prepared by Polycondensation In Situ: Synthesis and Mechanical Properties." Materials Science Forum 714 (March 2012): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.714.277.

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New multiblock polymer-matrix nanocomposites were prepared by the in situ polycondensation. Polymers containing 30% hard segments of poly (butylene terephthalate) (PBT) and 70% soft segments built up from dimerized fatty acid (DLA), were modified with silica nanopowder. The nanocomposite materials were prepared by polycondensation in situ with the use of two different catalysts. Two types of nanosilica (Evonic Aerosil R 972 hydrophobic, and Aerosil 130 - hydrophilic) in amount of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 wt. % were used. Physical and mechanical properties were examined. The results indicate a strong influence of transesterification stoichiometry and type of catalyst on physical and mechanical properties. The amount of nanofiller and its character (hydrophilic or hydrophobic) showed also an influence on mechanical properties of synthesized nanocomposites indicating the best mechanical properties for nanocomposite containing 0.1wt% hydrophobic silica nanopowder (over 70% increase in elongation and 30% increase in tensile strength).

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Jokar, Maryam, Russly Abdul Rahman, and Luqman Chuah Abdullah. "Physical and Antimicrobial Characterization of Self Assembled Silver Nanoparticle/Chitosan onto Low Density Polyethylene Film as Active Packaging Polymer." Journal of Nano Research 27 (March 2014): 53–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.27.53.

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Colloidal Silver nanoparticles with a size of 5 nm produced by chemical reduction using poly ethylene glycol (PEG 200). Layers of silver nanoparticles and chitosan were deposited onto low density polyethylene (LDPE) substrate by layer by layer (LBL) self-assembly technique. Silver nanocomposite films were built by sequential dipping of LDPE film in either anionic silver nanoparticles or cationic chitosan. Silver nanoparticles and chitosan led to the formation of nanocomposite films possessing antimicrobial properties with the thickness of 2, 4, 8, 12 and 20 layers. Silver nanocomposite films were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Thermal, mechanical and barrier properties of LBL deposited nanocomposite films were investigated. Results showed that the LBL deposition of silver nanoparticles and chitosan increased the crystallinity of the composites and also improved mechanical and barrier properties of LDPE film significantly (p<0.05). Antimicrobial activity of silver nanocomposites againstEscherichia coliandStaphylococcus aureuswas evaluated. Growth kinetic parameters ofE.coliandS.aureusaffected by silver nanocomposites were calculated by modeling of absorbance data according to Gomperz equation. LDPE-silver nanocomposite affected bacterial growth parameters significantly (p<0.05). The specific growth rate reduced from 0.30 to 0.11 h-1forE. coliand decreased 0.27 to 0.06 h-1forS. aureus.

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Liu, Hongxia, Yijia Lao, Jiayi Wang, Junjie Jiang, Chuanbai Yu, and Yuanli Liu. "Rational Design of Mesoporous Silica (SBA-15)/PF (Phenolic Resin) Nanocomposites by Tuning the Pore Sizes of Mesoporous Silica." Materials 15, no. 24 (December 12, 2022): 8879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15248879.

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The development of composite materials with functional additives proved to be an effective way to improve or supplement the required properties of polymers. Herein, mesoporous silica (SBA-15) with different pore sizes were used as functional additives to prepare SBA-15/PF (phenolic resin) nanocomposites, which were prepared by in situ polymerization and then, compression molding. The physical properties and structural parameters of SBA-15 with different pore sizes were characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The thermal properties of the SBA-15/PF hybrid were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The mechanical, friction, and dynamic mechanical properties of SBA-15/PF nanocomposites were also studied. The results revealed that the pore sizes of SBA-15 have a significant effect on the resulting SBA-15/PF hybrid and SBA-15/PF nanocomposites. The thermal stability of the SBA-15/PF hybrid was dramatically improved in comparison with pure PF. The friction and dynamic mechanical properties of the SBA-15/PF nanocomposites were enhanced significantly. Specifically, the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the nanocomposite increased by 19.0 °C for the SBA-15/PF nanocomposites modified with SBA-15-3. In addition, the nanocomposite exhibited a more stable friction coefficient and a lower wear rate at a high temperature. The enhancement in thermal and frictional properties for the nanocomposites is ascribed to the confinement of the PF chains or chain segments in the mesopores channels.

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Sudhakaran, Allwin, Ashwin Sudhakaran, and E. Siva Senthil. "Study of Bandgap Energy of Novel Nanocomposite." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) 10, no. 4 (November 30, 2021): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.d6607.1110421.

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In this novel work, we have studied the optical properties of CuBaM-CZFO nanocomposites. (Cu0.5Ba0.5Fe12O19)1-x/ (Co0.6Zn0.4 Fe2O4) x [where x=0.1,0.2] nanocomposites were synthesized individually by sol-gel citrate method and then made into nanocomposites by physical mixing technique. Further characterization over their structural, morphological and optical properties were carried out in detail. With the help of UV analysis, the optical properties such as, the band gap energy was discovered which is found using Tauc’s plot. The bandgap energy is 2.6503eV for CuBaM-CZFO 90-10 which is lesser than CuBaM-CZFO 80-20 (2.8456eV). The structural, morphological and optical properties of novel CuBaM-CZFO nanocomposite are reported and compared with, both among themselves and from the literature review.

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Sharma, Manjula, and Vimal Sharma. "Investigation of Thermal Expansion and Physical Properties of Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Nanocrystalline Aluminum Nanocomposite." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 71, no. 2 (February 1, 2016): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2015-0296.

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AbstractCarbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced nanocrystalline aluminum matrix composites are fabricated by a simple and effective physical mixing method with sonication. In this study, the microstructural characterisations and property evaluations of the nanocomposites were performed. The structural characterisations revealed that CNTs were dispersed, embedded, and anchored within the metal matrix. A strong interfacial adhesion appeared between CNTs and nanocrystalline aluminum as a result of the fabrication process. Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic studies also confirmed the surface adherence of CNTs with nanocrystalline aluminum matrix during the fabrication process. Thermal expansion behaviour of CNT-reinforced aluminum matrix composites was investigated up to 240°C using a dilatometer. The coefficient of thermal expansion of the nanocomposites decreased continuously with the increasing content of CNTs. The maximum reduction of 82% was found for 4 wt% CNTs in the nanocomposite. The coefficient of thermal expansion variation with CNTs was also compared with the predictions from the thermoelastic models. The expansion behaviour of the nanocomposites was correlated to the microstructure, internal stresses, and phase segregations. The electrical and thermal conductivity was also studied and was observed to decrease for all reinforced CNT weight fractions.

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Cobos, Mónica, Iker De-La-Pinta, Guillermo Quindós, María Jesús Fernández, and María Dolores Fernández. "Synthesis, Physical, Mechanical and Antibacterial Properties of Nanocomposites Based on Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Graphene Oxide–Silver Nanoparticles." Polymers 12, no. 3 (March 24, 2020): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030723.

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The design of new materials with antimicrobial properties has emerged in response to the need for preventing and controlling the growth of pathogenic microorganisms without the use of antibiotics. In this study, partially reduced graphene oxide decorated with silver nanoparticles (GO–AgNPs) was incorporated as a reinforcing filler with antibacterial properties to poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for preparation of poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide-silver nanoparticles nanocomposites (PVA/GO–AgNPs). AgNPs, spherical in shape and with an average size of 3.1 nm, were uniformly anchored on the partially reduced GO surface. PVA/GO–AgNPs nanocomposites showed exfoliated structures with improved thermal stability, tensile properties and water resistance compared to neat PVA. The glass transition and crystallization temperatures of the polymer matrix increased with the incorporation of the hybrid. The nanocomposites displayed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in a filler content- and time-dependent manner. S. aureus showed higher susceptibility to PVA/GO–AgNPs films than E. coli. Inhibitory activity was higher when bacterial cells were in contact with nanocomposite films than when in contact with leachates coming out of the films. GO–AgNPs based PVA nanocomposites could find application as wound dressings for wound healing and infection prevention.

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Lee, Se Jung, Seo Jeong Yoon, and In-Yup Jeon. "Graphene/Polymer Nanocomposites: Preparation, Mechanical Properties, and Application." Polymers 14, no. 21 (November 4, 2022): 4733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14214733.

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Although polymers are very important and vastly used materials, their physical properties are limited. Therefore, they are reinforced with fillers to relieve diverse restrictions and expand their application areas. The exceptional properties of graphene make it an interesting material with huge potential for application in various industries and devices. The interfacial interaction between graphene and the polymer matrix improved the uniform graphene dispersion in the polymer matrix, enhancing the general nanocomposite performance. Therefore, graphene functionalization is essential to enhance the interfacial interaction, maintain excellent properties, and obstruct graphene agglomeration. Many studies have reported that graphene/polymer nanocomposites have exceptional properties that enable diverse applications. The use of graphene/polymer nanocomposites is expected to increase sustainably and to transform from a basic to an advanced material to offer optimum solutions to industry and consumers.

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Palawat, Natsuda, Phasawat Chaiwutthinan, Sarintorn Limpanart, Amnouy Larpkasemsuk, and Anyaporn Boonmahitthisud. "Hybrid Nanocomposites of Poly(Lactic Acid)/Thermoplastic Polyurethane with Nanosilica/Montmorillonite." Materials Science Forum 947 (March 2019): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.947.77.

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The aim of this study is to improve the physical properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) by incorporating thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) and/or nanosilica (nSiO2). PLA was first melt mixed with five loadings of TPU (10–50 wt%) on a twin-screw extruder, followed by injection molding. The addition of TPU was found to increase the impact strength, elongation at break and thermal stability of the blends, but decrease the tensile strength and Young’s modulus. Based on a better combination of the mechanical properties, the 70/30 (w/w) PLA/TPU blend was selected for preparing both single and hybrid nanocomposites with a fix total nanofiller content of 5 parts per hundred of resin (phr), and the OMMT/nSiO2 weight ratios were 5/0, 2/3, 3/2 and 0/5 (phr/phr). The Young’s modulus and thermal stability of the nanocomposites were all higher than those of the neat 70/30 PLA/TPU blend, but at the expense of reducing the tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength. However, all the nanocomposites exhibited higher impact strength and Young’s modulus than the neat PLA. Among the four nanocomposites, a single-filler nanocomposite containing 5 phr nSiO2 exhibited the highest impact strength and thermal stability, indicating that there was no synergistic effect of the two nanofillers on the investigated physical properties. However, the hybrid nanocomposite containing 2/3 (phr/phr) OMMT/nSiO2 possessed a compromise in the tensile properties.

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Singh, R., A. K. Sharma, and A. K. Sharma. "Nickel-titanium based nanocomposites for orthopedic applications: the effects of reinforcements." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 16, no. 4 (December 2021): 1501–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2021.164.1501.

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Owing to better mechanical properties and shape memory effect, the nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy is a favorable material for orthopedic implants. However, low wear resistance and limited biocompatibility of NiTi can be enhanced by nano-sized reinforcements. Several NiTi-based nanocomposites are developed using nano-sized ceramic reinforcements. Similarly, bioceramic (i.e., HAp) reinforced NiTi nanocomposites are also developed to improve their bioactive properties. However, these nanocomposites show high interconnected pores that severely affect their mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility. Therefore, some further improvements are required to balance the mechanical and biological properties of NiTi-based nanocomposites. This paper provides a better understanding of NiTi-based nanocomposites developed for orthopedic applications and the resultant effects of nano-sized reinforcements on mechanical, wear, corrosion, biocompatible and bioactive properties. Besides, the synthesis of NiTi nanocomposites using the powder metallurgy process and the effects of process parameters on the nanocomposite properties were also discussed.

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Huang, Jijie, Weiwei Li, Hao Yang, and Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll. "Tailoring physical functionalities of complex oxides by vertically aligned nanocomposite thin-film design." MRS Bulletin 46, no. 2 (February 2021): 159–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s43577-021-00028-0.

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AbstractSelf-assembled nanocomposite thin films couple two materials into a single film, typically, in the form of vertically aligned nanopillars embedded in a matrix film. High-density vertical heterointerfaces provide a great platform for engineering new physical properties and novel multifunctionalities, as well as for nanoscale device integration. Tremendous research efforts have been devoted to developing different nanocomposite systems. In this article, we summarize recent progress on vertically aligned nanocomposite thin films for enhanced functionalities such as ferroelectricity, tunable magnetoresistance, multiferroicity, dielectricity, magnetic anisotropy, perpendicular exchange bias, novel electrical/ionic properties, interfacial conduction, and resistive switching. Using specific examples, we discuss how and why the fundamental physical properties can be significantly tuned/improved in vertically aligned nanocomposites. Finally, we propose future research directions to achieve further enhanced performance as well as practical devices.

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Baur, Jeff, and Edward Silverman. "Challenges and Opportunities in Multifunctional Nanocomposite Structures for Aerospace Applications." MRS Bulletin 32, no. 4 (April 2007): 328–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2007.231.

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AbstractOne important application of nanocomposites is their use in engineered structural composites. Among the wide variety of structural applications, fiber-reinforced composites for aerospace structures have some of the most demanding physical, chemical, electrical, thermal, and mechanical property requirements. Nanocomposites offer tremendous po tential to improve the properties of advanced engineered composites with modest additional weight and easy integration into current proc essing schemes. Sig nificant progress has been made in fulfilling this vision. In particular, nanocomposites have been applied at numerous locations within hierarchical composites to improve specific properties and optimize the multifunctional properties of the overall structure. Within this ar ticle, we review the status of nanocomposite incorporation into aerospace composite structures and the need for continued development.

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Lafdi, Khalid, William Fox, Matthew Matzek, and Emel Yildiz. "Effect of Carbon Nanofiber Heat Treatment on Physical Properties of Polymeric Nanocomposites—Part I." Journal of Nanomaterials 2007 (2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/52729.

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The definition of a nanocomposite material has broadened significantly to encompass a large variety of systems made of dissimilar components and mixed at the nanometer scale. The properties of nanocomposite materials also depend on the morphology, crystallinity, and interfacial characteristics of the individual constituents. In the current work, vapor-grown carbon nanofibers were subjected to varying heat-treatment temperatures. The strength of adhesion between the nanofiber and an epoxy (thermoset) matrix was characterized by the flexural strength and modulus. Heat treatment to 1800C∘demonstrated maximum improvement in mechanical properties over that of the neat resin, while heat-treatment to higher temperatures demonstrated a slight decrease in mechanical properties likely due to the elimination of potential bonding sites caused by the elimination of the truncated edges of the graphene layers. Both the electrical and thermal properties of the resulting nanocomposites increased in conjunction with the increasing heat-treatment temperature.

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Kurbanova, N. I., N. A. Mirzoeva, N. Ya Ishenko, and E. B. Zeynalov. "Obtaining and studying the properties of composites based on high pressure polyethylene with cobalt-containing nanofi llers." Plasticheskie massy 1, no. 11-12 (January 20, 2022): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2021-11-12-43-45.

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The effect of cobalt nanoparticles stabilized by a polyethylene matrix on the physical-mechanical and thermal properties of nanocomposites based on low density polyethylene was studied using X-ray phase (XRD) and differential thermal (DTA) analyzes.An improvement in the strength and deformation parameters, as well as the thermal-oxidative stability of the obtained nanocomposites was revealed, which can be attributed to the effects of structural modification of the polymer matrix.Small amounts of nanofiller introduced into the polymer play the role of structure-forming agents - artificial nuclei of crystallization, which contributes to the formation of a small-spherolite structure in the polymer, characterized by improved physical, mechanical and thermal properties of the obtained nanocomposite.

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RAMIRES, ELAINE C., and ALAIN DUFRESNE. "A review of cellulose nanocrystals and nanocomposites." April 2011 10, no. 4 (May 1, 2011): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj10.4.9.

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Aqueous suspensions of cellulose nanocrystals can be obtained by acid hydrolysis of lignocellulosic fibers. Cellulose nanocrystals correspond to defect-free rod-like nanoparticles that present remarkable properties such as light weight, low cost, availability of raw material, renewability, nanoscale dimension, and unique morphology. Because of these properties, cellulose nanocrystals have been largely applied as reinforcing fillers in nanocomposites materials. This paper discusses the preparation, morphological features, and physical properties of cellulose nanocrystals, as well as their incorporation in nanocomposite materials.

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Vidakis, Nectarios, Markos Petousis, Athena Maniadi, Vassilis Papadakis, and Alexandra Manousaki. "MEX 3D Printed HDPE/TiO2 Nanocomposites Physical and Mechanical Properties Investigation." Journal of Composites Science 6, no. 7 (July 15, 2022): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs6070209.

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Aiming to develop more robust, mechanically advanced, Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) materials, High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) nanocomposites were developed in the current research work. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) was selected as filler to be incorporated into the HDPE matrix in concentration steps of 0.5, 2.5, 5, and 10 wt.%. 3D printing nanocomposite filaments were extruded in ~1.75 mm diameter and used to 3D print and test tensile and flexion specimens according to international standards. Reported results indicate that the filler contributes to increasing the mechanical strength of the virgin HDPE at certain filler and filler type concentrations; with the highest values reported to be 37.8% higher in tensile strength with HDPE/TiO2 10 wt.%. Morphological and thermal characterization was performed utilizing Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Raman, Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), while the results were correlated with the available literature.

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Song, Jingbiao, Shiwei Chen, Xibin Yi, Xinfu Zhao, Jing Zhang, Xiaochan Liu, and Benxue Liu. "Preparation and Properties of the Urea-Formaldehyde Res-In/Reactive Halloysite Nanocomposites Adhesive with Low-Formaldehyde Emission and Good Water Resistance." Polymers 13, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 2224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13142224.

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Low-cost urea formaldehyde resin (UF)/reactive halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) nanocomposite adhesive was prepared successfully via in situ polymerization. The HNTs were modified to improve its compatibility with polymer. The XRD and FTIR results showed that physical and chemical interaction between the HNTs and polymer resin influenced the structure of UF owing to the functional groups on the HNTs. It is found from SEM images that the modified HNTs could be dispersed uniformly in the resin and the nanocomposite particles were spherical. The performance experiment confirmed that thermal stability of nanocomposite increased largely, formaldehyde emission of UF wood adhesive reduced 62%, and water resistance of UF wood adhesive improved by 84%. Meanwhile, the content of HNTs on the nanocomposites could be up to 60 wt %. The mechanism of the nanocomposites based on the reactive HNTs was proposed. The approach of the preparation could supply an idea to prepare other polymer/clay nanocomposites.

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Vanin, A. I., Yu A. Kumzerov, V. G. Solov’ev, S. D. Khanin, S. E. Gango, M. S. Ivanova, M. M. Prokhorenko, S. V. Trifonov, A. V. Cvetkov, and M. V. Yanikov. "Electrical and Optical Properties of Nanocomposites Fabricated by the Introduction of Iodine in Porous Dielectric Matrices." Glass Physics and Chemistry 47, no. 3 (May 2021): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1087659621030123.

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Abstract The electrical and optical properties of nanocomposite materials fabricated by the dispersion of iodine in porous dielectric matrices of zeolites, zeolite-like aluminum phosphates, opals, asbestos, and porous aluminum oxide are studied. It is demonstrated that the physical properties of the produced nanocomposites depend significantly on the structure of a matrix.

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Mazrouaa, Azza, Dalia Abulyazied, Nahla Mansour, and Manal Mohamed. "Physical Properties of Polyacrylamide/Polyvinylalcohol Silica Nanocomposites." Journal of Research Updates in Polymer Science 5, no. 1 (April 18, 2016): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-5995.2016.05.01.2.

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Beltran-Huarac, Juan, Ricardo Martinez, and Gerardo Morell. "Physical properties of bifunctional BST/LSMO nanocomposites." Journal of Applied Physics 115, no. 8 (February 28, 2014): 084102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4866555.

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Chandrakumara, G. T. D., D. M. S. N. Dissanayake, M. M. M. G. P. G. Mantilaka, R. T. De Silva, H. M. T. G. A. Pitawala, and K. M. Nalin de Silva. "Eco-Friendly, Green Packaging Materials from Akaganeite and Hematite Nanoparticle-Reinforced Chitosan Nanocomposite Films." Journal of Nanomaterials 2019 (December 23, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1049142.

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In this study, chitosan nanocomposite thin films were successfully fabricated by incorporating hematite nanoparticles (HNPs) and akaganeite nanoparticles (ANPs) as reinforcing fillers using the solution casting method. HNPs and ANPs were synthesized via a urea-assisted synthesis route using naturally occurring ferruginous laterites. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images indicated the spherical to subhexagonal morphology of the HNPs and rice-like morphology of the ANPs. X-ray diffractograms indicate the crystalline structure of iron oxides as hematite and akaganeite. Tensile tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties of the nanocomposite films where maximum tensile stress of the chitosan/HNP composites was improved as high as 35.7% while chitosan/ANP composites indicated 43.5%. Thermal decomposition curves obtained by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicate that the thermal stability of the nanocomposites has improved remarkably compared to neat chitosan films. Furthermore, these nanocomposites exhibited excellent UV barrier properties as identified by UV-visible spectrometry. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic results are evident in the presence of Fe-O bond in the wavenumber around 480-500 cm-1, and the result also indicated that the nanofillers interact with the chitosan matrix via hydrogen bonding, which enhanced the physical properties of the nanocomposites. Incorporation of iron oxide nanoparticle varieties into chitosan has led to improvements of certain physical and chemical properties, which make chitosan a promising material for packaging applications.

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Zhou, Ninglin, Xiao Xian Xia, Li Li, Shao Hua Wei, and Jian Shen. "Studies on Nanostructured Polyurethane/Clay Interpenetrating Polymer Networks." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 1001–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.1001.

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A novel exfoliated polyurethane (PU)/clay Interpenetrating Polymer Networks (IPNs) nanocomposite has been synthesized with polyurethane and organoclay. MTPAC is used as swelling agent to treat Na-montmorillonite for forming organoclay. The results indicate that there is very good compatibility between organoclay and PU. Nanoscale silicate dispersion was analyzed by XRD. The mechanical properties of the nanocomposites have been measured by tensile testing machine. The nanocomposites show obviously improved physical and mechanical properties when compared with the pure polymer. Additionally, PU /MTPAC- clay shows lower water absorption properties than pure PU do. In addition, the reinforcing and intercalating mechanism of silicate layers in polyurethane matrix are discussed.

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Rahman, Ismail Ab, and Vejayakumaran Padavettan. "Synthesis of Silica Nanoparticles by Sol-Gel: Size-Dependent Properties, Surface Modification, and Applications in Silica-Polymer Nanocomposites—A Review." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/132424.

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Application of silica nanoparticles as fillers in the preparation of nanocomposite of polymers has drawn much attention, due to the increased demand for new materials with improved thermal, mechanical, physical, and chemical properties. Recent developments in the synthesis of monodispersed, narrow-size distribution of nanoparticles by sol-gel method provide significant boost to development of silica-polymer nanocomposites. This paper is written by emphasizing on the synthesis of silica nanoparticles, characterization on size-dependent properties, and surface modification for the preparation of homogeneous nanocomposites, generally by sol-gel technique. The effect of nanosilica on the properties of various types of silica-polymer composites is also summarized.

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Araújo, Edcleide Maria, Amanda D. de Oliveira, Renata Barbosa, and Tomás Jefférson Alves de Mélo. "Influence of Organoclay on the Physical Properties of Polyethylene Nanocomposites." Materials Science Forum 530-531 (November 2006): 709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.530-531.709.

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In this work, polyethylene/montmorillonite clay nanocomposites were produced by melt intercalation. The clays were treated with quaternary ammonium salts and then treated and untreated clays were introduced in polyethylene. The clays were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The nanocomposites were characterized by mechanical and flammability properties. The results showed that the mechanical properties were improved by introduction of organoclay in polyethylene matrix. By adding only 3wt% montmorillonite, the burning rate of the nanocomposites was reduced by 17% in relation to PE matrix.

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Olszewski, Adam, Aleksandra Ławniczak, Paulina Kosmela, Marcin Strąkowski, Aleksandra Mielewczyk-Gryń, Aleksander Hejna, and Łukasz Piszczyk. "Influence of Surface-Modified Montmorillonite Clays on the Properties of Elastomeric Thin Layer Nanocomposites." Materials 16, no. 4 (February 17, 2023): 1703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041703.

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In recent years, polyurethane nanocomposites have attracted more attention due to the massive demand for materials with increasingly exceptional mechanical, optical, electrical, and thermal properties. As nanofillers have a high surface area, the interaction between the nanofiller and the polymer matrix is an essential issue for these materials. The main aim of this study is to validate the impact of the montmorillonite nanofiller (MMT) surface structure on the properties of polyurethane thin-film nanocomposites. Despite the interest in polyurethane–montmorillonite clay nanocomposites, only a few studies have explored the impact of montmorillonite surface modification on polyurethane’s material properties. For this reason, four types of polyurethane nanocomposites with up to 3% content of MMT were manufactured using the prepolymer method. The impact of montmorillonites on nanocomposites properties was tested by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), contact angle measurement, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and optical coherence tomography (OCT). The results showed that chemical and physical interactions between the polymer matrix and functional groups on the montmorillonite surface have a considerable impact on the final properties of the materials. It was noticed that the addition of MMT changed the thermal decomposition process, increased T2% by at least 14 °C, changed the hydrophilicity of the materials, and increased the glass transition temperature. These findings have underlined the importance of montmorillonite surface structure and interactions between nanocomposite phases for the final properties of nanocomposites.

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Modafferi, Vincenza, Saveria Santangelo, Michele Fiore, Enza Fazio, Claudia Triolo, Salvatore Patanè, Riccardo Ruffo, and Maria G. Musolino. "Transition Metal Oxides on Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites: Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties." Journal of Nanomaterials 2019 (April 11, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1703218.

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Transition metal oxides on reduced graphene oxide (TMO@rGO) nanocomposites were successfully prepared via a very simple one-step solvothermal process, involving the simultaneous (thermal) reduction of graphene oxide to graphene and the deposition of TMO nanoparticles over its surface. Texture and morphology, microstructure, and chemical and surface compositions of the nanocomposites were investigated via scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, micro-Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The results prove that Fe2O3@rGO, CoFe2O4@rGO, and CoO@rGO are obtained by using Fe and/or Co acetates as oxide precursors, with the TMO nanoparticles uniformly anchored onto the surface of graphene sheets. The electrochemical performance of the most promising nanocomposite was evaluated as anode material for sodium ion batteries. The preliminary results of galvanostatic cycling prove that Fe2O3@rGO nanocomposite exhibits better rate capability and stability than both bare Fe2O3 and Fe2O3+rGO physical mixture.

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IONI, Yulia V. "NANOPARTICLES OF NOBLE METALS ON THE SURFACE OF GRAPHENE FLAKES." Periódico Tchê Química 17, no. 36 (December 20, 2020): 1199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v17.n36.2020.1215_periodico36_pgs_1199_1211.pdf.

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Carbon is a spread element that has many different reaction combinations. Obtaining new composite materials based on nanoparticles is a very actual and perspective topic because nanoparticles possess unique properties. These properties are retained and even amplified when nanoparticles are located in various matrixes. Furthermore, nowadays, the creation of graphene-based composites and graphene-related structures is a promising area of synthesis of composite nanomaterials. Previous research has determined that graphene has a unique set of electrophysical, thermal, optical, and mechanical properties. In this study, the synthesis of nanocomposites representing nanoparticles of noble metals (Au, Pd, Rh) on the surface of graphene flakes were carried out, and the study of their composition, structure, physical and chemical properties, and possible applications in catalysis. The immobilization of nanoparticles on the surface of graphene oxide and graphene was developed, and the original method of synthesis of nanocomposite noble metal nanoparticles on the graphene flakes surface using supercritical isopropanol as a reduction agent for the transformation of graphene oxide into graphene was created. The study of physical and chemical properties of the obtained nanocomposites and results of the study of obtained nanocomposites as catalysts for model organic reactions of cross-coupling and hydroformylation showed that it is possible to create the graphene-based nanostructures as effective functional nanomaterials. Research on the synthesis of graphene compounds and its unique physical properties form a promising direction in the chemistry and physics of new inorganic functional materials. The resulting nanocomposites can be used in such branches as electrodes for LEDs and solar cells, field-effect transistors, supercapacitors, sensors, fuel cells.

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Murugadoss, G., M. Rajesh Kumar, R. Jothi Ramalingam, Hamad Al-Lohedan, A. Ramesh Babu, A. Kathalingam, and Ahmed M. Tawfeek. "Synthesis and study on optical properties of CeO2-Mg(OH)2 and inverted Mg(OH)2-CeO2 nanocomposites." Digest Journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures 16, no. 4 (December 2021): 1427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/djnb.2021.164.1427.

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Well-crystalline CeO2-Mg(OH)2 and inverted Mg(OH)2-CeO2 nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by a facile ‘one-pot’ chemical precipitation method at low temperature. The crystal structure, morphology and optical properties of the CeO2- Mg(OH)2 and inverted Mg(OH)2-CeO2 nanocomposites were investigated using X-ray diffraction, TEM, FTIR, UV-vis absorption and PL spectrometer. The photoluminescence study revealed visible light emission for the nanocomposite. Interestingly, significant red shift observed for Mg(OH)2-CeO2 nanocomposites. The optical tuning nanocomposites can be used for the optoelectronic applications.

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Azira, Abd Aziz, Dayang Habibah Abangismawi I. Hassim, D. Verasamy, Abu Bakar Suriani, and M. Rusop. "Properties of Natural Rubber Nanocomposites Reinforced with Carbon Nanotubes." Advanced Materials Research 1109 (June 2015): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1109.195.

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In order to achieve improvements in the performance of rubber materials, the development of carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced rubber composites was attempted. The CNT/epoxidised natural rubber (ENR) nanocomposite was prepared through latex technology. Physical and mechanical properties of the CNT/ENR nanocomposites were characterized in contrast to the carbon black (CB)/ENR composite. The dispersion of the CNTs in the rubber matrix and interfacial bonding between them were rather good; monitored transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The mechanical properties of the CNT-reinforced ENR showed a considerable increase compared to the neat ENR and traditional CB/ENR composite. The storage modulus of the CNT/ENR nanocomposites greatly exceeds that of neat ENR and CB/ENR composites and a maximum conductivity of about 1 S m-1 can be achieved. The approach presented can be adapted to other CNT/polymer latex systems.

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Cheval, Nicolas, Fang Xu, Nabil Gindy, Richard Brooks, Yan Qiu Zhu, and Amir Fahmi. "Reinforcement of Polyamide 66 with Polyoxometalates Nanoparticles through the In Situ Sol-Gel Method." Key Engineering Materials 450 (November 2010): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.450.169.

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This paper investigated the influence of the nanoparticles on the thermal and mechanical properties of PA66 and various nanocomposites containing different weight fraction of polyoxometalate nanoparticles were prepared. The structural features of the nanocomposite are characterised using TEM, ATR-FITR, DMA and TGA. The results show that nanoparticles, around 5.5 nm in size are well-dispersed inside the polymer matrix. The physical interaction between PA66 and the POM nanoparticles led to a significant effect on the thermal and mechanical properties of PA66. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed a considerable change in the storage modulus of the nanocomposite. With only 1wt% of POM, the storage modulus of PA66 at 25oC is enhanced by 45%. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the nanocomposite is also enhanced, possibly owing to the absorption of oxygen by the nanoparticles. The results demonstrated that the obtained nanocomposites, via the combination of the excellent mechanical and thermal properties of PA66 with the intriguing optical, electrical and chemical properties of POM, were promising for catalytic, energy storage, memory devices, automobile and construction applications.

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Buasri, Achanai, Pornpimon Loakhonka, Tanaporn Benjapolchai, Nitchanan Chusripet, and Vorrada Loryuenyong. "Surface Modification and Characterization of Photodegradable Polystyrene-TiO₂ Nanocomposites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 372 (August 2013): 128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.372.128.

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In this study, polystyrene (PS) nanocomposites with TiO2 and surface-modified TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by compression molding method. TiO2 nanoparticles were modified by 3-(methacryloxy) propyl trimethoxysilane (MPS). The resulting nanocomposite thick films were compared with pure polystyrene. It was found that MPS-modified TiO2 nanoparticles were better dispersed in PS matrix due to their hydrophobic characteristics. The addition of small amount of TiO2 nanoparticles could greatly decrease the optical bandgap of PS from 4.0 eV in pure PS to less than 3.0 eV in PS-TiO2 nanocomposite. The effects of surface modification and UVC irradiation on the physical properties and the degradation of nanocomposites were investigated.

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Chen, Wei Jen, Kung Wei Ho, Yi Luen Li, Ming Yuam Shen, Chin Lung Chiang, and Ming Chuen Yip. "Environmental Effects on Mechanical Properties of Modified and Unmodified Carbon Nanotube/Epoxy Resin Nanoomposites." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.69.

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The composites of mechanical and thermal properties of modified and unmodified Carbon nanotube /epoxy resin nanocomposites tested under various circumstances is a major investigation in this study. Identification of functional groups of CNT surface using Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was done to male sure if the means of modification adopted in this study is successfully. The tensile and flexural strengths of modified CNT-containing nanocomposites with the amount of modified CNT around 0.75 Phr tested under room temperature circumstance increase 10.96 % and 21.44 % respectively. These two strengths of nanocomposites tested under high temperature circumstance increase 14.55 % and 10.80 % respectively. Additionally, both strengths of nanocomposites tested under high temp.-high humidity circumstance increase 11.65 % and 23.53 % respectively. According to the test results using pyris diamond thermomechanical analyzer (TMA) coefficient decreases 39.81 % with increasing the content of modified CNT and meanwhile glass transition temperature increases 4.15 %. Because of above-mentioned effect, a modified CNs-containing nanocomposite possesses great thermo stability. Overall, No matter what circumstance (high temperature or high temp.-high humidity circumstances) nanocomposites expose to, and no matter whether CNT are modified or not, CNT do significantly enhance mechanical and physical properties of composite.

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Patel, Mitul, Daniel Schwendemann, Giorgia Spigno, Shiyu Geng, Linn Berglund, and Kristiina Oksman. "Functional Nanocomposite Films of Poly(Lactic Acid) with Well-Dispersed Chitin Nanocrystals Achieved Using a Dispersing Agent and Liquid-Assisted Extrusion Process." Molecules 26, no. 15 (July 28, 2021): 4557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154557.

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The development of bio-based nanocomposites is of high scientific and industrial interest, since they offer excellent advantages in creating functional materials. However, dispersion and distribution of the nanomaterials inside the polymer matrix is a key challenge to achieve high-performance functional nanocomposites. In this context, for better dispersion, biobased triethyl citrate (TEC) as a dispersing agent in a liquid-assisted extrusion process was used to prepare the nanocomposites of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs). The aim was to identify the effect of the TEC content on the dispersion of ChNCs in the PLA matrix and the manufacturing of a functional nanocomposite. The nanocomposite film’s optical properties; microstructure; migration of the additive and nanocomposites’ thermal, mechanical and rheological properties, all influenced by the ChNC dispersion, were studied. The microscopy study confirmed that the dispersion of the ChNCs was improved with the increasing TEC content, and the best dispersion was found in the nanocomposite prepared with 15 wt% TEC. Additionally, the nanocomposite with the highest TEC content (15 wt%) resembled the mechanical properties of commonly used polymers like polyethylene and polypropylene. The addition of ChNCs in PLA-TEC15 enhanced the melt viscosity, as well as melt strength, of the polymer and demonstrated antibacterial activity.

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Gao, Chenhao, Keyi Zhong, Xuan Fang, Dan Fang, Hongbin Zhao, Dengkui Wang, Bobo Li, et al. "Brief Review of Photocatalysis and Photoresponse Properties of ZnO–Graphene Nanocomposites." Energies 14, no. 19 (October 7, 2021): 6403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196403.

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As a typical wide bandgap semiconductor, ZnO has received a great deal of attention from researchers because of its strong physicochemical characteristics. During the past few years, great progress has been made in the optoelectronic applications of ZnO, particularly in the photocatalysis and photodetection fields. To enable further improvements in the material’s optoelectronic performance, construction of a variety of ZnO-based composite structures will be essential. In this paper, we review recent progress in the growth of different ZnO–graphene nanocomposite structures. The related band structures and photocatalysis and photoresponse properties of these nanocomposites are discussed. Additionally, specific examples of the materials are included to provide an insight into the common general physical properties and carrier transport characteristics involved in these unique nanocomposite structures. Finally, further directions for the development of ZnO–graphene nanocomposite materials are forecasted.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nanocomposites - Physical Properties'

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