Journal articles: 'Nanocomposites for thermoelectric applications'

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Vignesh, C., K. Vinoth, L. Chinnappa, and Jeronsia J. Emima. "Controlled Synthesis of Polyaniline/Iron Oxide Nanocomposites for Thermoelectric Applications." Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment 27, no. 7 (June 15, 2023): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.25303/2707rjce023033.

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Polyaniline (PANI) / iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanocomposites were synthesized via the sol-gel method by tuning the weight ratios of Fe3O4 (2wt %, 4wt % and 6wt %). The functional groups, crystal structure and surface morphologies of the PANI/Fe3O4 nanocomposites were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X–ray powder diffraction and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. The thermoelectrical properties were also analyzed. Based on the FTIR studies, the presence of functional groups of PANI/Fe3O4 nanocomposites was revealed. From SEM observations, spherical nanoparticles were found. As the temperature increases from 30°C to 90°C, the electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites increases from 34.01 to 39.54 mS/cm and the thermal conductivity decreases from 1.401 to 0.765 Wm-1K-1. Among the three different PANI/Fe3O4 nanocomposites characterized, the PANI/Fe3O4 nanocomposite with 6wt % gives better results by showing an excess figure of merit of 0.016. Henceforth, as the weight percentage of iron oxide with polyaniline increases, the thermoelectric properties of the nanocomposites drastically improve.

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Tanusilp, Sora-at, and Ken Kurosaki. "Si-Based Materials for Thermoelectric Applications." Materials 12, no. 12 (June 17, 2019): 1943. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12121943.

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Si-based thermoelectric materials have attracted attention in recent decades with their advantages of low toxicity, low production costs, and high stability. Here, we report recent achievements on the synthesis and characterization of Si-based thermoelectric materials. In the first part, we show that bulk Si synthesized through a natural nanostructuring method exhibits an exceptionally high thermoelectric figure of merit zT value of 0.6 at 1050 K. In the second part, we show the synthesis and characterization of nanocomposites of Si and metal silicides including CrSi2, CoSi2, TiSi2, and VSi2. These are synthesized by the rapid-solidification melt-spinning (MS) technique. Through MS, we confirm that silicide precipitates are dispersed homogenously in the Si matrix with desired nanoscale sizes. In the final part, we show a promising new metal silicide of YbSi2 for thermoelectrics, which exhibits an exceptionally high power factor at room temperature.

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Chen, Gang. "Heat Transport in Superlattices and Nanocomposites for Thermoelectric Applications." Advances in Science and Technology 46 (October 2006): 104–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.46.104.

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Energy transport in nanostructures differs significantly from macrostructures because of classical and quantum size effects on energy carriers. Experimental results show that the thermal conductivity values of nanostructures such as superlattices are significantly lower than that of their bulk constituent materials. The reduction in thermal conductivity led to a large increase in the thermoelectric figure of merit in several superlattice systems. Materials with a large thermoelectric figure of merit can be used to develop efficient solid-state devices that convert waste heat into electricity. Superlattices grown by thin-film deposition techniques, however, are not suitable for large scale applications. Nanocomposites represent one approach that can lead to high thermoelectric figure merit. This paper reviews the current understanding of thermal conductivity reduction mechanisms in superlattices and presents theoretical studies on thermoelectric properties in semiconducting nanocomposites, aiming at developing high efficiency thermoelectric energy conversion materials.

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Vidakis, Nectarios, Markos Petousis, Lazaros Tzounis, Emmanuel Velidakis, Nikolaos Mountakis, and Sotirios A. Grammatikos. "Polyamide 12/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube and Carbon Black Nanocomposites Manufactured by 3D Printing Fused Filament Fabrication: A Comparison of the Electrical, Thermoelectric, and Mechanical Properties." C 7, no. 2 (April 23, 2021): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c7020038.

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In this study, nanocomposites with polyamide 12 (PA12) as the polymer matrix and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and carbon black (CB) at different loadings (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 wt.%) as fillers, were produced in 3D printing filament form by melt mixing extrusion process. The filament was then used to build specimens with the fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional (3D) printing process. The aim was to produce by FFF 3D printing, electrically conductive and thermoelectric functional specimens with enhanced mechanical properties. All nanocomposites’ samples were electrically conductive at filler loadings above the electrical percolation threshold. The highest thermoelectric performance was obtained for the PA12/CNT nanocomposite at 10.0 wt.%. The static tensile and flexural mechanical properties, as well as the Charpy’s impact and Vickers microhardness, were determined. The highest improvement in mechanical properties was observed for the PA12/CNT nanocomposites at 5.0 wt.% filler loading. The fracture mechanisms were identified by fractographic analyses of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images acquired from fractured surfaces of tensile tested specimens. The nanocomposites produced could find a variety of applications such as; 3D-printed organic thermoelectric materials for plausible large-scale thermal energy harvesting applications, resistors for flexible circuitry, and piezoresistive sensors for strain sensing.

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Chang, Sujie, Xiaomin Wang, Qiaoling Hu, Xigui Sun, Aiguo Wang, Xiaojun Dong, Yu Zhang, Lei Shi, and Qilei Sun. "Self-Assembled Nanocomposites and Nanostructures for Environmental and Energy Applications." Crystals 12, no. 2 (February 17, 2022): 274. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12020274.

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Self-assembled nanocomposites are attracting considerable attention owing to their controllable architectures and self-assembly processes, as well as the increase in worldwide environmental effects and energy needs. Further understanding of the self-assembly procedure for improving environmental and energy applications would advance the design and manufacture of nanomaterials for various applications. These materials can be grouped into major categories for various application fields, including powder photocatalysts, membrane photocatalysts, and thin-film thermoelectric nanomaterials. These self-assembled nanomaterials can be used for environmental and energy applications, such as wastewater purification, hydrogen production by water splitting, energy storage, and energy harvesting. In this review, a brief introduction to the definitions and classifications of self-assembled nanocomposites is provided. We aim to provide a summary of the recent research related to self-assembled nanocomposites and nanostructures used for environmental and energy applications. Moreover, typical examples and discussions are aimed at demonstrating the advantages of self-assembled nanostructures. At the end of each section, the structural properties and the application of the nanocomposite or nanostructure are summarized. Finally, we provide perspectives for future research on the design and fabrication of self-assembled nanocomposites and nanostructures.

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Tzounis, Lazaros, Markos Petousis, Sotirios Grammatikos, and Nectarios Vidakis. "3D Printed Thermoelectric Polyurethane/Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites: A Novel Approach towards the Fabrication of Flexible and Stretchable Organic Thermoelectrics." Materials 13, no. 12 (June 26, 2020): 2879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13122879.

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing of thermoelectric polymer nanocomposites is reported for the first time employing flexible, stretchable and electrically conductive 3D printable thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) filaments. TPU/MWCNT conductive polymer composites (CPC) have been initially developed employing melt-mixing and extrusion processes. TPU pellets and two different types of MWCNTs, namely the NC-7000 MWCNTs (NC-MWCNT) and Long MWCNTs (L-MWCNT) were used to manufacture TPU/MWCNT nanocomposite filaments with 1.0, 2.5 and 5.0 wt.%. 3D printed thermoelectric TPU/MWCNT nanocomposites were fabricated through a fused deposition modelling (FDM) process. Raman and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed the graphitic nature and morphological characteristics of CNTs. SEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) exhibited an excellent CNT nanodispersion in the TPU matrix. Tensile tests showed no significant deterioration of the moduli and strengths for the 3D printed samples compared to the nanocomposites prepared by compression moulding, indicating an excellent interlayer adhesion and mechanical performance of the 3D printed nanocomposites. Electrical and thermoelectric investigations showed that L-MWCNT exhibits 19.8 ± 0.2 µV/K Seebeck coefficient (S) and 8.4 × 103 S/m electrical conductivity (σ), while TPU/L-MWCNT CPCs at 5.0 wt.% exhibited the highest thermoelectric performance (σ = 133.1 S/m, S = 19.8 ± 0.2 µV/K and PF = 0.04 μW/mK2) among TPU/CNT CPCs in the literature. All 3D printed samples exhibited an anisotropic electrical conductivity and the same Seebeck coefficient in the through- and cross-layer printing directions. TPU/MWCNT could act as excellent organic thermoelectric material towards 3D printed thermoelectric generators (TEGs) for potential large-scale energy harvesting applications.

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Kim, Jun Yeob, Jin Young Oh, and Tae Il Lee. "Multi-dimensional nanocomposites for stretchable thermoelectric applications." Applied Physics Letters 114, no. 4 (January 28, 2019): 043902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5080622.

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Díez-Pascual, Ana M. "Environmentally Friendly Synthesis of Poly(3,4-Ethylenedioxythiophene): Poly(Styrene Sulfonate)/SnO2 Nanocomposites." Polymers 13, no. 15 (July 25, 2021): 2445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13152445.

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Conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is widely used for practical applications such as energy conversion and storage devices owing to its good flexibility, processability, high electrical conductivity, and superior optical transparency, among others. However, its hygroscopic character, short durability, and poor thermoelectric performance compared to inorganic counterparts has greatly limited its high-tech applications. In this work, PEDOT:PSS/SnO2 nanocomposites have been prepared via a simple, low cost, environmentally friendly method without the use of organic solvents or compatibilizing agents. Their morphology, thermal, thermoelectrical, optical, and mechanical properties have been characterized. Electron microscopy analysis revealed a uniform dispersion of the SnO2 nanoparticles, and the Raman spectra revealed the existence of very strong SnO2-PEDOT:PSS interactions. The stiffness and strength of the matrix gradually increased with increasing SnO2 content, up to 120% and 65%, respectively. Moreover, the nanocomposites showed superior thermal stability (as far as 70 °C), improved electrical conductivity (up to 140%), and higher Seebeck coefficient (about 80% increase) than neat PEDOT:PSS. On the other hand, hardly any change in optical transparency was observed. These sustainable nanocomposites show considerably improved performance compared to commercial PEDOT:PSS, and can be highly useful for applications in energy storage, flexible electronics, thermoelectric devices, and related fields.

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Veeman, Dhinakaran, M. Varsha Shree, P. Sureshkumar, T. Jagadeesha, L. Natrayan, M. Ravichandran, and Prabhu Paramasivam. "Sustainable Development of Carbon Nanocomposites: Synthesis and Classification for Environmental Remediation." Journal of Nanomaterials 2021 (September 18, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5840645.

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Composite materials with carbon nanotube and graphene attachments have been regarded as promising prospects. Carbon nanocomposites have gained considerable interest in different fields including biomedical applications due to its exceptional structural dimensions and outstanding mechanical, electrical, thermal, optical, and chemical characteristics. The significant advances made in carbon nanocomposite over past years along with the discovery of new nanocomposite processing technologies to improvise the functional impact of nanotube and graphene composites by providing proper methods of synthesis and improving the production of diverse composite based on carbon nanomaterials are discussed. Carbon nanocomposites are applied in various fields such as aviation, batteries, chemical industry, fuel cell, optics, power generation, space, solar hydrogen, sensors, and thermoelectric devices. The recent design, fabrication, characteristics, and applications of carbon nanocomposites such as active carbon, carbon black, graphene, nanodiamonds, and carbon nanotubes are explained in detail in this research. It is found that unlike traditional fiber composites, Van der Waals force interfacial compounds have an important effect on the mechanical performance of carbon nanomaterial-based composites.

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Nozariasbmarz, Amin, Jerzy S. Krasinski, and Daryoosh Vashaee. "N-Type Bismuth Telluride Nanocomposite Materials Optimization for Thermoelectric Generators in Wearable Applications." Materials 12, no. 9 (May 10, 2019): 1529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091529.

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Thermoelectric materials could play a crucial role in the future of wearable electronic devices. They can continuously generate electricity from body heat. For efficient operation in wearable systems, in addition to a high thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, the thermoelectric material must have low thermal conductivity and a high Seebeck coefficient. In this study, we successfully synthesized high-performance nanocomposites of n-type Bi2Te2.7Se0.3, optimized especially for body heat harvesting and power generation applications. Different techniques such as dopant optimization, glass inclusion, microwave radiation in a single mode microwave cavity, and sintering conditions were used to optimize the temperature-dependent thermoelectric properties of Bi2Te2.7Se0.3. The effects of these techniques were studied and compared with each other. A room temperature thermal conductivity as low as 0.65 W/mK and high Seebeck coefficient of −297 μV/K were obtained for a wearable application, while maintaining a high thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, of 0.87 and an average zT of 0.82 over the entire temperature range of 25 °C to 225 °C, which makes the material appropriate for a variety of power generation applications.

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More, Priyesh V., Chaitanya Hiragond, Abhijit Dey, and Pawan K. Khanna. "Band engineered p-type RGO–CdS–PANI ternary nanocomposites for thermoelectric applications." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 1, no. 8 (2017): 1766–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7se00290d.

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The presence of CdS QDs enhances the electrical conductivity and power factor but considerably lowers the thermal conductivity of the nanocomposite. The present RGO/CdS QDs/PANI nanocomposite restricts phonons but permits electrical charges making it a thermally disconnected but electrically connected material for efficient thermoelectric applications.

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Ou, Canlin, Abhijeet L. Sangle, Anuja Datta, Qingshen Jing, Tommaso Busolo, Thomas Chalklen, Vijay Narayan, and Sohini Kar-Narayan. "Fully Printed Organic–Inorganic Nanocomposites for Flexible Thermoelectric Applications." ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 10, no. 23 (May 18, 2018): 19580–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b01456.

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Schierning, Gabi, Julia Stoetzel, Ruben Chavez, Victor Kessler, Joseph Hall, Roland Schmechel, Tom Schneider, et al. "Silicon-based nanocomposites for thermoelectric application." physica status solidi (a) 213, no. 3 (January 7, 2016): 497–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.201532602.

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Aksamija, Zlatan. "Lattice Thermal Transport in Si-based Nanocomposites for Thermoelectric Applications." Journal of Electronic Materials 44, no. 6 (November 15, 2014): 1644–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-014-3505-7.

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Nozariasbmarz, Amin, and Daryoosh Vashaee. "Effect of Microwave Processing and Glass Inclusions on Thermoelectric Properties of P-Type Bismuth Antimony Telluride Alloys for Wearable Applications." Energies 13, no. 17 (September 1, 2020): 4524. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174524.

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Depending on the application of bismuth telluride thermoelectric materials in cooling, waste heat recovery, or wearable electronics, their material properties, and geometrical dimensions should be designed to optimize their performance. Recently, thermoelectric materials have gained a lot of interest in wearable electronic devices for body heat harvesting and cooling purposes. For efficient wearable electronic devices, thermoelectric materials with optimum properties, i.e., low thermal conductivity, high Seebeck coefficient, and high thermoelectric figure-of-merit (zT) at room temperature, are demanded. In this paper, we investigate the effect of glass inclusion, microwave processing, and annealing on the synthesis of high-performance p-type (BixSb1−x)2Te3 nanocomposites, optimized specially for body heat harvesting and body cooling applications. Our results show that glass inclusion could enhance the room temperature Seebeck coefficient by more than 10% while maintaining zT the same. Moreover, the combination of microwave radiation and post-annealing enables a 25% enhancement of zT at room temperature. A thermoelectric generator wristband, made of the developed materials, generates 300 μW power and 323 mV voltage when connected to the human body. Consequently, MW processing provides a new and effective way of synthesizing p-type (BixSb1−x)2Te3 alloys with optimum transport properties.

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Xiang, Yiqiu, Ling Xin, Jiwei Hu, Caifang Li, Jimei Qi, Yu Hou, and Xionghui Wei. "Advances in the Applications of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites in Clean Energy Materials." Crystals 11, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010047.

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Extensive use of fossil fuels can lead to energy depletion and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to solve these problems by developing clean energy. Graphene materials own the advantages of high electrocatalytic activity, high conductivity, excellent mechanical strength, strong flexibility, large specific surface area and light weight, thus giving the potential to store electric charge, ions or hydrogen. Graphene-based nanocomposites have become new research hotspots in the field of energy storage and conversion, such as in fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, solar cells and thermoelectric conversion. Graphene as a catalyst carrier of hydrogen fuel cells has been further modified to obtain higher and more uniform metal dispersion, hence improving the electrocatalyst activity. Moreover, it can complement the network of electroactive materials to buffer the change of electrode volume and prevent the breakage and aggregation of electrode materials, and graphene oxide is also used as a cheap and sustainable proton exchange membrane. In lithium-ion batteries, substituting heteroatoms for carbon atoms in graphene composite electrodes can produce defects on the graphitized surface which have a good reversible specific capacity and increased energy and power densities. In solar cells, the performance of the interface and junction is enhanced by using a few layers of graphene-based composites and more electron-hole pairs are collected; therefore, the conversion efficiency is increased. Graphene has a high Seebeck coefficient, and therefore, it is a potential thermoelectric material. In this paper, we review the latest progress in the synthesis, characterization, evaluation and properties of graphene-based composites and their practical applications in fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, solar cells and thermoelectric conversion.

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Xiang, Yiqiu, Ling Xin, Jiwei Hu, Caifang Li, Jimei Qi, Yu Hou, and Xionghui Wei. "Advances in the Applications of Graphene-Based Nanocomposites in Clean Energy Materials." Crystals 11, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11010047.

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Extensive use of fossil fuels can lead to energy depletion and serious environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to solve these problems by developing clean energy. Graphene materials own the advantages of high electrocatalytic activity, high conductivity, excellent mechanical strength, strong flexibility, large specific surface area and light weight, thus giving the potential to store electric charge, ions or hydrogen. Graphene-based nanocomposites have become new research hotspots in the field of energy storage and conversion, such as in fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, solar cells and thermoelectric conversion. Graphene as a catalyst carrier of hydrogen fuel cells has been further modified to obtain higher and more uniform metal dispersion, hence improving the electrocatalyst activity. Moreover, it can complement the network of electroactive materials to buffer the change of electrode volume and prevent the breakage and aggregation of electrode materials, and graphene oxide is also used as a cheap and sustainable proton exchange membrane. In lithium-ion batteries, substituting heteroatoms for carbon atoms in graphene composite electrodes can produce defects on the graphitized surface which have a good reversible specific capacity and increased energy and power densities. In solar cells, the performance of the interface and junction is enhanced by using a few layers of graphene-based composites and more electron-hole pairs are collected; therefore, the conversion efficiency is increased. Graphene has a high Seebeck coefficient, and therefore, it is a potential thermoelectric material. In this paper, we review the latest progress in the synthesis, characterization, evaluation and properties of graphene-based composites and their practical applications in fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, solar cells and thermoelectric conversion.

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Bisht, Neha, Priyesh More, Pawan Kumar Khanna, Reza Abolhassani, Yogendra Kumar Mishra, and Morten Madsen. "Progress of hybrid nanocomposite materials for thermoelectric applications." Materials Advances 2, no. 6 (2021): 1927–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ma01030h.

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Hybrid nanocomposite materials are widely being investigated due to their superior thermoelectric and mechanical properties. Due to their eco-friendly behaviour, and low cost processing, these can be utilized in flexible thermoelectric devices.

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Ali, Mariamu K., and Ahmed Abd Moneim. "Effect of Inorganic Doping on the Thermoelectric Behavior of Polyaniline Nanocomposites." Key Engineering Materials 835 (March 2020): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.835.200.

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Polyaniline (PANI) has been considered for thermoelectric (T.E) applications due to its facile preparation methods, easy doping-dedoping processes and its environmental stability. Like other conducting polymers (CPs), it has low thermal conductivity (usually below 1 Wm-1K-1) which is favorable for T.E applications, however studies have shown that it still suffers from low power factors as a result of low electrical conductivity. For this reason, PANI has been compounded with other materials such as polymers, inorganic nanoparticles and carbon nanoparticles to enhance its electrical conductivity, power factors (PF) and ultimately zT value.This work is focused on the synthesis and characterization of n-type polyaniline nanocomposites doped with reduced graphene oxide (rGO). The rGO was prepared through oxidation of graphite and subsequent reduction and incorporated into polyaniline through in situ polymerization and the resulting nanocomposites were characterized. Addition of rGO resulted in enhancement of the electrical conductivity of polyaniline from 10-3 S/cm to 10-1 S/cm which is two orders of magnitude higher. This contributed to the enhanced PF, an indication that thermoelectric behavior of conducting polymers can be boosted through compounding with inorganic materials.

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Horta Romarís, Laura, M. Victoria González Rodríguez, Bincheng Huang, P. Costa, Aurora Lasagabáster Latorre, S. Lanceros-Mendez, and María José Abad López. "Multifunctional electromechanical and thermoelectric polyaniline–poly(vinyl acetate) latex composites for wearable devices." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 31 (2018): 8502–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc02327a.

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Polyaniline–poly(vinylacetate) nanocomposites with a 3D segregated architecture have suitable electromechanical and thermoresistive properties for sensor applications in stretchable and wearable electronics.

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Luceño Sánchez, José, Rafael Peña Capilla, and Ana Díez-Pascual. "High-Performance PEDOT:PSS/Hexamethylene Diisocyanate-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites: Preparation and Properties." Polymers 10, no. 10 (October 20, 2018): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym10101169.

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Graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as an ideal filler to reinforce polymeric matrices owing to its large specific surface area, transparency, flexibility, and very high mechanical strength. Nonetheless, functionalization is required to improve its solubility in common solvents and expand its practical uses. In this work, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)-functionalized GO (HDI-GO) has been used as filler of a conductive polymer matrix, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). The nanocomposites have been prepared via a simple solution casting method, and have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–Vis and Raman spectroscopies, X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile tests, and four-point probe measurements to get information about how the HDI-GO functionalization degree (FD) and the HDI-GO concentration in the nanocomposite influence the final properties. SEM analysis showed a very homogenous dispersion of the HDI-GO nanosheets with the highest FD within the matrix, and the Raman spectra revealed the existence of very strong HDI-GO-PEDOT:PSS interactions. A gradual improvement in thermal stability was found with increasing HDI-GO concentration, with only a small loss in transparency. A reduction in the sheet resistance of PEDOT:PSS was found at low HDI-GO contents, whilst increasing moderately at the highest loading tested. The nanocomposites showed a good combination of stiffness, strength, ductility, and toughness. The optimum balance of properties was attained for samples incorporating 2 and 5 wt % HDI-GO with the highest FD. These solution-processed nanocomposites show considerably improved performance compared to conventional PEDOT:PSS nanocomposites filled with raw GO, and are highly suitable for applications in various fields, including flexible electronics, thermoelectric devices, and solar energy applications.

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Dolez, Patricia I. "Energy Harvesting Materials and Structures for Smart Textile Applications: Recent Progress and Path Forward." Sensors 21, no. 18 (September 20, 2021): 6297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186297.

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A major challenge with current wearable electronics and e-textiles, including sensors, is power supply. As an alternative to batteries, energy can be harvested from various sources using garments or other textile products as a substrate. Four different energy-harvesting mechanisms relevant to smart textiles are described in this review. Photovoltaic energy harvesting technologies relevant to textile applications include the use of high efficiency flexible inorganic films, printable organic films, dye-sensitized solar cells, and photovoltaic fibers and filaments. In terms of piezoelectric systems, this article covers polymers, composites/nanocomposites, and piezoelectric nanogenerators. The latest developments for textile triboelectric energy harvesting comprise films/coatings, fibers/textiles, and triboelectric nanogenerators. Finally, thermoelectric energy harvesting applied to textiles can rely on inorganic and organic thermoelectric modules. The article ends with perspectives on the current challenges and possible strategies for further progress.

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Adekoya, Gbolahan Joseph, Oluwasegun Chijioke Adekoya, Emmanuel Rotimi Sadiku, Yskandar Hamam, and Suprakas Sinha Ray. "Effect of Borophene and Graphene on the Elastic Modulus of PEDOT:PSS Film—A Finite Element Study." Condensed Matter 7, no. 1 (February 23, 2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat7010022.

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A finite element method (FEM) was employed to investigate the interaction of borophene nanoplatelets (BNPs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the mechanical properties of Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) PEDOT:PSS film. A 3D random distribution of the inclusion into the PEDOT:PSS matrix was constructed by developing a 145 × 145 × 145 representative volume element (RVE) with a 4% volume fraction of BNPs and GNPs. In comparison to the pristine PEDOT:PSS, the calculated effective elastic moduli of the BNP-PEDOT:PSS and GNP-PEDOT:PSS nanocomposites exhibited 9.6% and 10.2% improvement, respectively. The predicted FE results were validated by calculating the elastic moduli of the nanocomposites using a modified Halpine-Tsai (H-T) model. The reinforcing effect of the inclusion into the PEDOT:PSS film offers a promising electrode with improved mechanical stability. Consequently, this intriguing result makes the BNP/PEDOT:PSS nanocomposite highly promising for further investigation and application in cutting-edge devices such as touchscreen, thermoelectric, light-emitting diode, electrochemical, photodiode, sensor, solar cell, and electrostatic devices.

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Luceño-Sánchez, José A., Ana Charas, and Ana M. Díez-Pascual. "Effect of HDI-Modified GO on the Thermoelectric Performance of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(Styrenesulfonate) Nanocomposite Films." Polymers 13, no. 9 (May 7, 2021): 1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091503.

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Composite films based on conducting polymers and carbon nanomaterials have attracted much attention for applications in various devices, such as chemical sensors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), organic solar cells (OSCs), among others. Graphene oxide (GO) is an ideal filler for polymeric matrices due to its unique properties. However, GO needs to be functionalized to improve its solubility in common solvents and enable the processing by low-cost solution deposition methods. In this work, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)-modified GO and its nanocomposites with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) were developed, and their morphology, thermal, electrical, thermoelectrical and mechanical performance were characterized. The influence of the HDI functionalization degree and concentration on the nanocomposite properties were assessed. The HDI-GO increased the crystallinity, lamella stacking and interchain coupling of PEDOT:PSS chains. A strong improvement in electrical conductivity, thermal stability, Young’s modulus and tensile strength was found, showing an optimum combination at 2 wt% loading. Drop and spin casting techniques were applied onto different substrates, and the results from deposition tests were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV–vis spectroscopy. A number of parameters influencing the depositions process, namely solvent nature, sonication conditions and ozone plasma treatment, have been explored. This study paves the way for further research on conducting polymer/modified GO nanocomposites to optimize their composition and properties (i.e., transparency) for use in devices such as OSCs.

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Słoma, Marcin, Maciej Andrzej Głód, and Bartłomiej Wałpuski. "Printed Flexible Thermoelectric Nanocomposites Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Polyaniline." Materials 14, no. 15 (July 24, 2021): 4122. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154122.

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A new era of composite organic materials, nanomaterials, and printed electronics is emerging to the applications of thermoelectric generators (TEGs). Special attention is focused on carbon nanomaterials and conducting polymers, and the possibility to form pastes and inks for various low-cost deposition techniques. In this work, we present a novel approach to the processing of composite materials for screen-printing based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and polyaniline (PANI), supported with a dielectric polymer vehicle. Three different types of such tailor-made materials were prepared, with a functional phase consisted of carbon nanotubes and polyaniline composites fabricated with two methods: dry mixing of PANI CNT powders and in situ polymerisation of PANI with CNT. These materials were printed on flexible polymer substrates, exhibiting outstanding mechanical properties. The best parameters obtained for elaborated materials were σ=405.45 S·m−1, S=15.4 μV·K−1, and PF=85.2 nW·m−1K−2, respectively.

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Ganguly, Shreyashi, Chen Zhou, Donald Morelli, Jeffrey Sakamoto, Ctirad Uher, and Stephanie L. Brock. "Synthesis and evaluation of lead telluride/bismuth antimony telluride nanocomposites for thermoelectric applications." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 184, no. 12 (December 2011): 3195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2011.09.031.

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Galliani, Daniela, Simone Battiston, Riccardo Ruffo, Silvia Trabattoni, and Dario Narducci. "Modulation of charge transport properties in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) nanocomposites for thermoelectric applications." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 51, no. 3 (December 21, 2017): 034002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa9ae2.

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Shyni, P., P. P. Pradyumnan, P. Rajasekar, Aswathy M. Narayanan, and Arun M. Umarji. "Graphitic carbon nitride-bismuth antimony telluride nanocomposites: A potential material for thermoelectric applications." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 853 (February 2021): 156872. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.156872.

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Ali, Mariam K., and A. A. Moneim. "Investigation of Thermoelectric Performance of MoS₂-Templated Polyaniline Nanocomposites." Key Engineering Materials 821 (September 2019): 103–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.821.103.

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Polyaniline has attracted a lot of attention for thermoelectric (T.E) applications, however their drawback materials is that they possess low power factors than the state-of-the-art materials such as BiTe-based, BiSb-based, PbTe-based, etc. [1-4]. Currently, in order to enhance the T.E properties, hybrids between the polymer and other components such as carbon materials, other polymers, and even inorganic materials are being investigated. In this work, the effect of MoS2 addition on the T.E properties of polyaniline was investigated. The MoS2 nanoflowers were first synthesized via hydrothermal process at 200 °C for 24 hrs after which they were used for templated in situ polymerization of polyaniline. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showed that the MoS2 nanoflowers were covered with the polyaniline during the polymerization process and this was confirmed from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis which showed existence of both the polyaniline and MoS2 in the synthesized material. The electrical conductivity of polyaniline was reported to be 10-3 S cm-1 and it was noticed that addition of minute amounts of MoS2 into polyaniline resulted in an enhancement of the electrical conductivities of up to two orders of magnitude. Nanocomposite with 5 % MoS2 (PMX-5) showed optimized power factor values ranging from 6.30 x 10-2 - 1.12 x 10-3 μW m-1 K-2 for the temperature range studied. This study therefore provides a facile approach for synthesis of polyaniline-molybdenum disulphide nanocomposites and the results obtained confirm that transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have a potential for the enhancement of T.E properties of polyaniline.

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Koskinen, Tomi, Taneli Juntunen, and Ilkka Tittonen. "Large-Area Thermal Distribution Sensor Based on Multilayer Graphene Ink." Sensors 20, no. 18 (September 11, 2020): 5188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20185188.

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Emergent applications in wearable electronics require inexpensive sensors suited to scalable manufacturing. This work demonstrates a large-area thermal sensor based on distributed thermocouple architecture and ink-based multilayer graphene film. The proposed device combines the exceptional mechanical properties of multilayer graphene nanocomposite with the reliability and passive sensing performance enabled by thermoelectrics. The Seebeck coefficient of the spray-deposited films revealed an inverse thickness dependence with the largest value of 44.7 μV K−1 at 78 nm, which makes thinner films preferable for sensor applications. Device performance was demonstrated by touch sensing and thermal distribution mapping-based shape detection. Sensor output voltage in the latter application was on the order of 300 μV with a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 35, thus enabling accurate detection of objects of different shapes and sizes. The results imply that films based on multilayer graphene ink are highly suitable to thermoelectric sensing applications, while the ink phase enables facile integration into existing fabrication processes.

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Kim, Seojin, You Young Byun, InYoung Lee, Woohyeon Cho, Gyungho Kim, Mario Culebras, Junho Jang, and Chungyeon Cho. "Organic Thermoelectric Nanocomposites Assembled via Spraying Layer-by-Layer Method." Nanomaterials 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2023): 866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13050866.

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Thermoelectric (TE) materials have been considered as a promising energy harvesting technology for sustainably providing power to electronic devices. In particular, organic-based TE materials that consist of conducting polymers and carbon nanofillers make a large variety of applications. In this work, we develop organic TE nanocomposites via successive spraying of intrinsically conductive polymers such as polyaniline (PANi) and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxy- thiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and carbon nanofillers, and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT). It is found that the growth rate of the layer-by-layer (LbL) thin films, which comprise a PANi/SWNT-PEDOT:PSS repeating sequence, made by the spraying method is greater than that of the same ones assembled by traditional dip coating. The surface structure of multilayer thin films constructed by the spraying approach show excellent coverage of highly networked individual and bundled SWNT, which is similarly to what is observed when carbon nanotubes-based LbL assemblies are formed by classic dipping. The multilayer thin films via the spray-assisted LbL process exhibit significantly improved TE performances. A 20-bilayer PANi/SWNT-PEDOT:PSS thin film (~90 nm thick) yields an electrical conductivity of 14.3 S/cm and Seebeck coefficient of 76 μV/K. These two values translate to a power factor of 8.2 μW/m·K2, which is 9 times as large as the same films fabricated by a classic immersion process. We believe that this LbL spraying method will open up many opportunities in developing multifunctional thin films for large-scaled industrial use due to rapid processing and the ease with which it is applied.

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Wakayama, Hiroaki, and Hirotaka Yonekura. "Synthesis of Inorganic Nanocomposites by Selective Introduction of Metal Complexes into a Self-Assembled Block Copolymer Template." Journal of Nanomaterials 2015 (2015): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/905083.

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Inorganic nanocomposites have characteristic structures that feature expanded interfaces, quantum effects, and resistance to crack propagation. These structures are promising for the improvement of many materials including thermoelectric materials, photocatalysts, and structural materials. Precise control of the inorganic nanocomposites’ morphology, size, and chemical composition is very important for these applications. Here, we present a novel fabrication method to control the structures of inorganic nanocomposites by means of a self-assembled block copolymer template. Different metal complexes were selectively introduced into specific polymer blocks of the block copolymer, and subsequent removal of the block copolymer template by oxygen plasma treatment produced hexagonally packed porous structures. In contrast, calcination removal of the block copolymer template yielded nanocomposites consisting of metallic spheres in a matrix of a metal oxide. These results demonstrate that different nanostructures can be created by selective use of processes to remove the block copolymer templates. The simple process of first mixing block copolymers and magnetic nanomaterial precursors and then subsequently removing the block copolymer template enables structural control of magnetic nanomaterials, which will facilitate their applicability in patterned media, including next-generation perpendicular magnetic recording media.

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Cho, Chungyeon, and Jihun Son. "Organic Thermoelectric Multilayers with High Stretchiness." Nanomaterials 10, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10010041.

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A stretchable organic thermoelectric multilayer is achieved by alternately depositing bilayers (BL) of 0.1 wt% polyethylene oxide (PEO) and 0.03 wt% double walled carbon nanotubes (DWNT), dispersed with 0.1 wt% polyacrylic acid (PAA), by the layer-by-layer assembly technique. A 25 BL thin film (~500 nm thick), composed of a PEO/DWNT-PAA sequence, displays electrical conductivity of 19.6 S/cm and a Seebeck coefficient of 60 µV/K, which results in a power factor of 7.1 µW/m·K2. The resultant nanocomposite exhibits a crack-free surface up to 30% strain and retains its thermoelectric performance, decreasing only 10% relative to the unstretched one. Even after 1000 cycles of bending and twisting, the thermoelectric behavior of this nanocomposite is stable. The synergistic combination of the elastomeric mechanical properties (originated from PEO/PAA systems) and thermoelectric behaviors (resulting from a three-dimensional conjugated network of DWNT) opens up the possibility of achieving various applications such as wearable electronics and sensors that require high mechanical compliance.

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Huang, Congliang, Wenkai Zhen, Jinxin Zhong, and Zizhen Lin. "Preparation and characterization of silica/carbon nanocomposites for a thermoelectric application." Materials Research Express 5, no. 8 (July 24, 2018): 085023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aaad38.

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Md Aspan, Rosnita, Noshin Fatima, Ramizi Mohamed, Ubaidah Syafiq, and Mohd Adib Ibrahim. "An Overview of the Strategies for Tin Selenide Advancement in Thermoelectric Application." Micromachines 12, no. 12 (November 27, 2021): 1463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12121463.

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Chalcogenide, tin selenide-based thermoelectric (TE) materials are Earth-abundant, non-toxic, and are proven to be highly stable intrinsically with ultralow thermal conductivity. This work presented an updated review regarding the extraordinary performance of tin selenide in TE applications, focusing on the crystal structures and their commonly used fabrication methods. Besides, various optimization strategies were recorded to improve the performance of tin selenide as a mid-temperature TE material. The analyses and reviews over the methodologies showed a noticeable improvement in the electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient, with a noticeable decrement in the thermal conductivity, thereby enhancing the tin selenide figure of merit value. The applications of SnSe in the TE fields such as microgenerators, and flexible and wearable devices are also discussed. In the future, research in low-dimensional TE materials focusing on nanostructures and nanocomposites can be conducted with the advancements in material science technology as well as microtechnology and nanotechnology.

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Kamarudin, Muhammad Akmal, Shahrir Razey Sahamir, Robi Shankar Datta, Bui Duc Long, Mohd Faizul Mohd Sabri, and Suhana Mohd Said. "A Review on the Fabrication of Polymer-Based Thermoelectric Materials and Fabrication Methods." Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/713640.

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Thermoelectricity, by converting heat energy directly into useable electricity, offers a promising technology to convert heat from solar energy and to recover waste heat from industrial sectors and automobile exhausts. In recent years, most of the efforts have been done on improving the thermoelectric efficiency using different approaches, that is, nanostructuring, doping, molecular rattling, and nanocomposite formation. The applications of thermoelectric polymers at low temperatures, especially conducting polymers, have shown various advantages such as easy and low cost of fabrication, light weight, and flexibility. In this review, we will focus on exploring new types of polymers and the effects of different structures, concentrations, and molecular weight on thermoelectric properties. Various strategies to improve the performance of thermoelectric materials will be discussed. In addition, a discussion on the fabrication of thermoelectric devices, especially suited to polymers, will also be given. Finally, we provide the challenge and the future of thermoelectric polymers, especially thermoelectric hybrid model.

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Lee, Seung Hwan, Yong Seok Kim, and Jung Hyun Kim. "Synthesis of Polythiophene/Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Nanocomposites and Their Application in Thermoelectric Devices." Journal of Electronic Materials 43, no. 9 (July 11, 2014): 3276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11664-014-3287-y.

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Vysikaylo, P. I. "Quantum Size Effects Arising from Nanocomposites Physical Doping with Nanostructures Having High Electron Affinit." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Natural Sciences, no. 3 (96) (June 2021): 150–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/1812-3368-2021-3-150-175.

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This article considers main problems in application of nanostructured materials in high technologies. Theoretical development and experimental verification of methods for creating and studying the properties of physically doped materials with spatially inhomogeneous structure on micro and nanometer scale are proposed. Results of studying 11 quantum size effects exposed to nanocomposites physical doping with nanostructures with high electron affinity are presented. Theoretical and available experimental data were compared in regard to creation of nanostructured materials, including those with increased strength and wear resistance, inhomogeneous at the nanoscale and physically doped with nanostructures, i.e., quantum traps for free electrons. Solving these problems makes it possible to create new nanostructured materials, investigate their varying physical properties, design, manufacture and operate devices and instruments with new technical and functional capabilities, including those used in the nuclear industry. Nanocrystalline structures, as well as composite multiphase materials and coatings properties could be controlled by changing concentrations of the free carbon nanostructures there. It was found out that carbon nanostructures in the composite material significantly improve impact strength, microhardness, luminescence characteristics, temperature resistance and conductivity up to 10 orders of magnitude, and expand the range of such components’ possible applications in comparison with pure materials, for example, copper, aluminum, transition metal carbides, luminophores, semiconductors (thermoelectric) and silicone (siloxane, polysiloxane, organosilicon) compounds

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Kröning, Katharina, Beate Krause, Petra Pötschke, and Bodo Fiedler. "Nanocomposites with p- and n-Type Conductivity Controlled by Type and Content of Nanotubes in Thermosets for Thermoelectric Applications." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (June 10, 2020): 1144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061144.

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In this work, composites based on epoxy resin and various carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were studied regarding their thermoelectric properties. The epoxy composites were prepared by infiltration of preformed CNT buckypapers. The influence of different types of CNTs on the Seebeck coefficient was investigated, namely lab-made and commercially available multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), lab-made nitrogen doped MWCNTs (N-MWCNT) and commercially available single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). It was found that only by varying the lab-made MWCNT content could both n- and p-type composites be produced with Seebeck coefficients between −9.5 and 3.1 µV/K. The incorporation of N-MWCNTs resulted in negative Seebeck coefficients of −11.4 to −17.4 µV/K. Thus, the Seebeck coefficient of pure SWCNT changed from 37.4 to −25.5 µV/K in the epoxy/1 wt. % SWCNT composite. A possible explanation for the shift in the Seebeck coefficient is the change of the CNTs Fermi level depending on the number of epoxy molecules on the CNT surface.

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Kshirsagar, Anuraj S., Chaitanya Hiragond, Abhijit Dey, Priyesh V. More, and Pawan K. Khanna. "Band Engineered I/III/V–VI Binary Metal Selenide/MWCNT/PANI Nanocomposites for Potential Room Temperature Thermoelectric Applications." ACS Applied Energy Materials 2, no. 4 (March 4, 2019): 2680–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.9b00013.

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Liu, Naiming, Wade A. Jensen, Mona Zebarjadi, and Jerrold A. Floro. "Tunable β-FeSi2 – Si1-yGey nanocomposites by a novel React/Transform Spark Plasma Sintering approach for thermoelectric applications." Materials Today Physics 4 (March 2018): 19–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtphys.2018.02.004.

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Machrafi, H. "An extended thermodynamic model for size-dependent thermoelectric properties at nanometric scales: Application to nanofilms, nanocomposites and thin nanocomposite films." Applied Mathematical Modelling 40, no. 3 (February 2016): 2143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2015.09.044.

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Kosalathip, V., T. Kumpeerapun, S. Migot, B. Lenoir, and A. Dauscher. "Thermoelectric Properties of Bi_xSb_yTe_zSe_w Nanocomposite Materials." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 809–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.809.

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Nanopowders of n-type (Bi0.95Sb0.05)2(Te0.95Se0.05)3 and p-type (Bi0.2Sb0.8)2Te3 have been synthesized by laser fracture of micron-sized powders in water. These alloys are the best conventional thermoelectric materials for use in room temperature applications. The nanopowders have been characterized by x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The nanopowders have been mechanically mixed in different ratios with the micron sized powders. These mixtures have then been cold pressed in order to perform thermoelectric characterization and to see the influence of nano-particle inclusions on the transport properties.

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Tsai, Chen-Chih, Binyamin Rubin, Eugen Tatartschuk, Jeffery R. Owens, Igor Luzinov, and Konstantin G. Kornev. "Efficiency of Microwave Heating of Weakly Loaded Polymeric Nanocomposites." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 7, no. 2_suppl (June 2012): 155892501200702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501200702s07.

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Electrical and thermal conductivity of materials are typically correlated, while some applications, including thermoelectrics, require these parameters to be controlled independently. Such independent control of thermal and electromagnetic properties can be achieved by using nanocomposites. In this study, nanocomposites were produced by mixing a small amount of carbon nanofibers (CNF), carbon coated cobalt (Co), and nickel nanowires (NiNW) with paraffin, which has low thermal and almost zero electrical conductivity. The fraction of nanoinclusions in the paraffin matrix was very low (below 1%). We showed that the thermal properties of nanocomposites are essentially the same as those of pure paraffin, while electromagnetic properties are significantly different. To determine the dependence of the heating rate on filler concentration, paraffin-based samples were heated in a microwave oven. We found that the heating rate of nanocomposites made of carbon nanofibers is much greater than that of any other nanocomposites. These findings suggest that at 2.45 GHz frequency, the heating rate is mostly controlled by the electrical losses in the fillers. The theoretical model predicts that the heating rate increases linearly with the particle concentration, which is in agreement with the experimental data.

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Kalakonda, Parvathalu, Pranay Bhasker Kalakonda, and Sreenivas Banne. "Studies of electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties of single-walled carbon nanotube and polyaniline of nanoporous nanocomposites." Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology 11 (January 1, 2021): 184798042110011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/18479804211001140.

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Hydrogel of single-walled carbon nanotubes and polyaniline has been used for thermopower engineering applications due to desirable thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties as well as tunable degradability. In this article, we fabricated nanoporous composite scaffolds from hydrogel of single-walled carbon nanotubes and polyaniline polymer using a standard in situ polymerization process. Our solution-based fabrication method prevented single-walled carbon nanotube aggregation which resulted in enhancing thermal, electrical, and mechanical properties with keeping optimum flexibility in the porous composite scaffold. We compared the mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of nanoporous composites with different single-walled carbon nanotube loadings. The porous composite scaffold with a 25 wt% showed higher electrical conductivity, ultimate tensile strength, and tensile modulus. Lastly, our solution fabrication method prevents aggregation single-walled carbon nanotube and could help to build the thermoelectrical materials for flexible electronic applications.

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El-Shamy, Ahmed gamal. "Novel hybrid nanocomposite based on Poly(vinyl alcohol)/ carbon quantum dots/fullerene (PVA/CQDs/C60) for thermoelectric power applications." Composites Part B: Engineering 174 (October 2019): 106993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.106993.

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Qiu, Lin, Shuwen Zhou, Ying Li, Wen Rui, Pengfei Cui, Changli Zhang, Yongsheng Yu, et al. "Silica-Coated Fe3O4 Nanoparticles as a Bifunctional Agent for Magnetic Resonance Imaging and ZnII Fluorescent Sensing." Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment 20 (January 1, 2021): 153303382110365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15330338211036539.

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Bifunctional magnetic/fluorescent core-shell silica nanospheres (MNPs) encapsulated with the magnetic Fe3O4 core and a derivate of 8-amimoquinoline (N-(quinolin-8-yl)-2-(3-(triethoxysilyl) propylamino) acetamide) (QTEPA) into the shell were synthesized. These functional MNPs were prepared with a modified stöber method and the formed Fe3O4@SiO2-QTEPA core-shell nanocomposites are biocompatible, water-dispersible, and stable. These prepared nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray power diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermoelectric plasma Quad II inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), TG/DTA thermal analyzer (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Further application of the nanoparticles in detecting Zn2+ was confirmed by the fluorescence experiment: the nanosensor shows high selectivity and sensitivity to Zn2+ with a 22-fold fluorescence emission enhancement in the presence of 10 μM Zn2+. Moreover, the transverse relaxivity measurements show that the core-shell MNPs have T2 relaxivity (r2) of 155.05 mM−1 S−1 based on Fe concentration on the 3.0 T scanner, suggesting that the compound can be used as a negative contrast agent for MRI. Further in vivo experiments showed that these MNPs could be used as MRI contrast agent. Therefore, the new nanosensor provides the dual modality of magnetic resonance imaging and optical imaging.

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El-Shamy, Ahmed Gamal. "New free-standing and flexible PVA/Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) nanocomposite films with promising power factor and thermoelectric power applications." Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing 100 (September 2019): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mssp.2019.04.004.

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Liu, Bin, Jizhu Hu, Jun Zhou, and Ronggui Yang. "Thermoelectric Transport in Nanocomposites." Materials 10, no. 4 (April 15, 2017): 418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma10040418.

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Liu, Weishu, Xiao Yan, Gang Chen, and Zhifeng Ren. "Recent advances in thermoelectric nanocomposites." Nano Energy 1, no. 1 (January 2012): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2011.10.001.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nanocomposites for thermoelectric applications'

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