Academic literature on the topic 'Nanocomposite Capacitive Based Proximity Sensors'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nanocomposite Capacitive Based Proximity Sensors"
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Moheimani, Reza, Paniz Hosseini, Saeed Mohammadi, and Hamid Dalir. "Recent Advances on Capacitive Proximity Sensors: From Design and Materials to Creative Applications." C 8, no. 2 (May 5, 2022): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c8020026.
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Capacitive proximity sensors (CPSs) have recently been a focus of increased attention because of their widespread applications, simplicity of design, low cost, and low power consumption. This mini review article provides a comprehensive overview of various applications of CPSs, as well as current advancements in CPS construction approaches. We begin by outlining the major technologies utilized in proximity sensing, highlighting their characteristics and applications, and discussing their advantages and disadvantages, with a heavy emphasis on capacitive sensors. Evaluating various nanocomposites for proximity sensing and corresponding detecting approaches ranging from physical to chemical detection are emphasized. The matrix and active ingredients used in such sensors, as well as the measured ranges, will also be discussed. A good understanding of CPSs is not only essential for resolving issues, but is also one of the primary forces propelling CPS technology ahead. We aim to examine the impediments and possible solutions to the development of CPSs. Furthermore, we illustrate how nanocomposite fusion may be used to improve the detection range and accuracy of a CPS while also broadening the application scenarios. Finally, the impact of conductance on sensor performance and other variables that impact the sensitivity distribution of CPSs are presented.
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Lai, Po-Cheng, and Sheng-Sheng Yu. "Cationic Cellulose Nanocrystals-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogels: Achieving 3D Printable Capacitive Sensors with High Transparency and Mechanical Strength." Polymers 13, no. 5 (February 25, 2021): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050688.
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Hydrogel ionotronics are intriguing soft materials that have been applied in wearable electronics and artificial muscles. These applications often require the hydrogels to be tough, transparent, and 3D printable. Renewable materials like cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with tunable surface chemistry provide a means to prepare tough nanocomposite hydrogels. Here, we designed ink for 3D printable sensors with cationic cellulose nanocrystals (CCNCs) and zwitterionic hydrogels. CCNCs were first dispersed in an aqueous solution of monomers to prepare the ink with a reversible physical network. Subsequent photopolymerization and the introduction of Al3+ ion led to strong hydrogels with multiple physical cross-links. When compared to the hydrogels using conventional CNCs, CCNCs formed a stronger physical network in water that greatly reduced the concentration of nanocrystals needed for reinforcing and 3D printing. In addition, the low concentration of nanofillers enhanced the transparency of the hydrogels for wearable electronics. We then assembled the CCNC-reinforced nanocomposite hydrogels with stretchable dielectrics into capacitive sensors for the monitoring of various human activities. 3D printing further enabled a facile design of tactile sensors with enhanced sensitivity. By harnessing the surface chemistry of the nanocrystals, our nanocomposite hydrogels simultaneously achieved good mechanical strength, high transparency, and 3D printability.
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Zuk, Samuel, Alena Pietrikova, and Igor Vehec. "Capacitive touch sensor." Microelectronics International 35, no. 3 (July 2, 2018): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mi-12-2017-0071.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyse the possibilities of mechanical switch replacement by capacitive film touch sensor in applications requiring high reliability and short response time. Advantage of replacing mechanical switch by capacitive touch sensor is no mechanical wear and possible implementation of sensor in application where the switch could not be used or where the flexibility of the sensor substrate is required. The aim of this work is to develop a capacitive touch sensor with the advantage of maximum mechanical resistance, short response time and high sensitivity. Design/methodology/approach Based on various possible sensors layouts, the authors realized 18 different (14 self-capacitance and four mutual capacitance) topologies of capacitive sensor for touch applications. Three different technologies – PCB, LTCC and polymer technology – were used to characterize sensor’s behaviour. For precise characterization of different layouts realized on various substrates, the authors used integrated circuit FDC2214 capacitance-to-digital converter. Findings Sensing range of the capacitive touch (proximity) sensor is affected by the per cent of area covered by the sensor, and it does not depend on topology of sensor. The highest sensing range offers PCB technology. Flexible substrates can be used as proper substituent to rigid PCB. Originality/value The novelty of this work lies in finding the touch capacitive sensors that allow shorter switching times compared to standard mechanical switches.
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Xia, Fan, Umme Zakia, Carlo Menon, and Behraad Bahreyni. "Improved Capacitive Proximity Detection for Conductive Objects through Target Profile Estimation." Journal of Sensors 2019 (September 8, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3891350.
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The accuracy of a capacitive proximity sensor is affected by various factors, including the geometry and composition of the nearby object. The quantitative regression models that are used to seek out the relationship between the measured capacitances and distances to objects are highly dependent on the geometrical properties of the objects. Consequently, the application of capacitive proximity sensors has been mainly limited to detection of objects rather than estimation of distances to them. This paper presents a capacitive proximity sensing system for the detection of metallic objects with improved accuracy based on target profile estimation. The presented approach alleviates large errors in distance estimation by implementing a classifier to recognize the surface profiles before using a suitable regression model to estimate the distance. The sensing system features an electrode matrix that is configured to sweep a series of inner-connection patterns and produce features for profile classification. The performance of the sensing modalities is experimentally assessed with an industrial robot. Two-term exponential regression models provide a high degree of fittings for an object whose shape is known. Recognizing the shape of the object improved the regression models and reduced the close-distance measurement error by a factor of five compared to methods that did not take the geometry into account. The breakthroughs made through this work will make capacitive sensing a viable low-cost alternative to existing technologies for proximity detection in robotics and other fields.
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Ramalingame, Rajarajan, Amoog Lakshmanan, Florian Müller, Ulrike Thomas, and Olfa Kanoun. "Highly sensitive capacitive pressure sensors for robotic applications based on carbon nanotubes and PDMS polymer nanocomposite." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 8, no. 1 (February 8, 2019): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-8-87-2019.
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Abstract. Flexible tactile pressure sensor arrays based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are gaining importance, especially in the field of robotics because of the high demand for stable, flexible and sensitive sensors. Some existing concepts of pressure sensors based on nanocomposites exhibit complicated fabrication techniques and better sensitivity than the conventional pressure sensors. In this article, we propose a nanocomposite-based pressure sensor that exhibits a high sensitivity of 25 % N−1, starting with a minimum load range of 0–0.01 N and 46.8 % N−1 in the range of 0–1 N. The maximum pressure sensing range of the sensor is approximately 570 kPa. A concept of a 4×3 tactile sensor array, which could be integrated to robot fingers, is demonstrated. The high sensitivity of the pressure sensor enables precision grasping, with the ability to sense small objects with a size of 5 mm and a weight of 1 g. Another application of the pressure sensor is demonstrated as a gait analysis for humanoid robots. The pressure sensor is integrated under the foot of a humanoid robot to monitor and evaluate the gait of the robot, which provides insights for optimizing the robot's self-balancing algorithm in order to maintain the posture while walking.
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Rahayu, Maya, Muhammad Nurkholis Widlan, Ashari Ashari, and Hutama Arif Bramantyo. "Smart Trash with Web Integrated Volume Monitoring and Sorting System via MQTT Protocol." E-JOINT (Electronica and Electrical Journal Of Innovation Technology) 3, no. 1 (June 27, 2022): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.35970/e-joint.v1i3.1373.
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The increasing human population makes each year its production increases significantly. People's ignorance to separate the types of waste has triggered various disasters. Many studies have aimed at tackling this problem, such as smart trash bins that can sort various types of organic and inorganic materials and detect waste. However, intelligent trash can products with many functions are not all integrated into one product. In this research, a product has been created that can integrate various smart trash functions with a volume monitoring system and sorting metal, non-metal, and organic waste types monitored via the web using the MQTT Protocol. This research prototype consists of several devices, namely smart trash equipped with proximity sensors, capacitive proximity sensors, and infrared sensors. In addition, this intelligent trash is equipped with an ultrasonic sensor to detect the height of the trash. The Wi-Fi module integrated this system with web applications and the MQTT protocol. Based on the test, the system has been running well since the sensor data collection test is 70%, the delay test from the sensor input to the actuator is 3.48 s, the ultrasonic sensor reading accuracy is 97.16%, and the throughput on the monitoring website is 5084.75 bytes/sec.The increasing human population makes each year its production increases significantly. People's ignorance to separate the types of waste has triggered various disasters. Many studies have aimed at tackling this problem, such as smart trash bins that can sort various types of organic and inorganic materials and detect waste. However, intelligent trash can products with many functions are not all integrated into one product. In this research, a product has been created that can integrate various smart trash functions with a volume monitoring system and sorting metal, non-metal, and organic waste types monitored via the web using the MQTT Protocol. This research prototype consists of several devices, namely smart trash equipped with proximity sensors, capacitive proximity sensors, and infrared sensors. In addition, this intelligent trash is equipped with an ultrasonic sensor to detect the height of the trash. The Wi-Fi module integrated this system with web applications and the MQTT protocol. Based on the test, the system has been running well since the sensor data collection test is 70%, the delay test from the sensor input to the actuator is 3.48 s, the ultrasonic sensor reading accuracy is 97.16%, and the throughput on the monitoring website is 5084.75 bytes/sec.
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Hsieh, Gen-Wen, Liang-Cheng Shih, and Pei-Yuan Chen. "Porous Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer Hybrid with Zinc Oxide Nanowire for Wearable, Wide-Range, and Low Detection Limit Capacitive Pressure Sensor." Nanomaterials 12, no. 2 (January 14, 2022): 256. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12020256.
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We propose a flexible capacitive pressure sensor that utilizes porous polydimethylsiloxane elastomer with zinc oxide nanowire as nanocomposite dielectric layer via a simple porogen-assisted process. With the incorporation of nanowires into the porous elastomer, our capacitive pressure sensor is not only highly responsive to subtle stimuli but vigorously so to gentle touch and verbal stimulation from 0 to 50 kPa. The fabricated zinc oxide nanowire–porous polydimethylsiloxane sensor exhibits superior sensitivity of 0.717 kPa−1, 0.360 kPa−1, and 0.200 kPa−1 at the pressure regimes of 0–50 Pa, 50–1000 Pa, and 1000–3000 Pa, respectively, presenting an approximate enhancement by 21−100 times when compared to that of a flat polydimethylsiloxane device. The nanocomposite dielectric layer also reveals an ultralow detection limit of 1.0 Pa, good stability, and durability after 4000 loading–unloading cycles, making it capable of perception of various human motions, such as finger bending, calligraphy writing, throat vibration, and airflow blowing. A proof-of-concept trial in hydrostatic water pressure sensing has been demonstrated with the proposed sensors, which can detect tiny changes in water pressure and may be helpful for underwater sensing research. This work brings out the efficacy of constructing wearable capacitive pressure sensors based on a porous dielectric hybrid with stress-sensitive nanostructures, providing wide prospective applications in wearable electronics, health monitoring, and smart artificial robotics/prosthetics.
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Humud, Hammad R. "PANI/MWCNT based humidity sensor." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 15, no. 33 (January 8, 2019): 111–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v15i33.147.
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Polyaniline Multi wall Carbon nanotube (PANI/MWCNTs) nanocomposite thin films have been prepared by Plasma jet polymerization at low frequency on glass substrate with preliminary deposited aluminum electrodes to form Al/PANI-MWCNT/Al surface-type capacitive humidity sensors, the gap between the electrodes about 50 μm and the MWCNTs weight concentration varied between 0, 1, 2, 3, 4%. The diameter of the MWCNTs was in the range of 8-15 nm and the length 10-55 μm. The capacitance-humidity relationships of the sensors were investigated at humidity levels from 35 to 90% RH. The electrical properties showed that the capacity increased with increasing relative humidity, and that the sensitivity of the sensor increases with the increase of the additive (MWCNTs); while each of the response time and the recovery time increasing with concentration. The change in MWCNTs concentration leads to a change in the energy gap as well as the initial capacity. The capacitance increases linearly with the relative humidity at MWCNTs concentration of 3% for thus the possibility of manufacturing humidity sensor with good specifications at this concentration.
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Chowdhury, Azmal Huda, Borzooye Jafarizadeh, Nezih Pala, and Chunlei Wang. "Wearable Capacitive Pressure Sensor for Contact and Non-Contact Sensing and Pulse Waveform Monitoring." Molecules 27, no. 20 (October 13, 2022): 6872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206872.
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Sensitive and flexible pressure sensors have invoked considerable interest for a broad range of applications in tactile sensing, physiological sensing, and flexible electronics. The barrier between high sensitivity and low fabrication cost needs to be addressed to commercialize such flexible pressure sensors. A low-cost sacrificial template-assisted method for the capacitive sensor has been reported herein, utilizing a porous Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer and a multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite-based dielectric layer. The sensor shows high sensitivity of 2.42 kPa−1 along with a low limit of detection of 1.46 Pa. The high sensitivity originates from adding MWCNT to PDMS, increasing the composite polymer’s dielectric constant. Besides this, the pressure sensor shows excellent stability at a cyclic loading of 9000 cycles, proving its reliability for long-lasting application in tactile and physiological sensing. The high sensitivity of the sensor is suitable for the detection of small deformations such as pulse waveforms as well as tactile pressure sensing. In addition, the paper demonstrates a simultaneous contact and non-contact sensing capability suitable for dual sensing (pressure and proximity) with a single data readout system. The dual-mode sensing capability may open opportunities for realizing compact systems in robotics, gesture control, contactless applications, and many more. The practicality of the sensor was shown in applications such as tactile sensing, Morse code generator, proximity sensing, and pulse wave sensing.
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Nouri, Hanen, Dhivakar Rajendran, Rajarajan Ramalingame, and Olfa Kanoun. "Homogeneity Characterization of Textile-Integrated Wearable Sensors based on Impedance Spectroscopy." Sensors 22, no. 17 (August 30, 2022): 6530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22176530.
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One of the main challenges during the integration of a carbon/polymer-based nanocomposite sensor on textile substrates is the fabrication of a homogeneous surface of the nanocomposite-based thin films, which play a major role in the reproducibility of the sensor. Characterizations are therefore required in every fabrication step to control the quality of the material preparation, deposition, and curing. As a result, microcharacterization methods are more suitable for laboratory investigations, and electrical methods can be easily implemented for in situ characterization within the manufacturing process. In this paper, several textile-based pressure sensors are fabricated at an optimized concentration of 0.3 wt.% of multiwalledcarbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composite material in PDMS. We propose to use impedance spectroscopy for the characterization of both of the resistive behavior and capacitive behavior of the sensor at several frequencies and under different loads from 50 g to 500 g. The impedance spectra are fitted to a model composed of a resistance in series with a parallel combination of resistance and a constant phase element (CPE). The results show that the printing parameters strongly influence the impedance behavior under different loads. The deviation of the model parameter α of the CPE from the value 1 is strongly dependent on the nonhomogeneity of the sensor. Based on an impedance spectrum measurement followed by parameter extraction, the parameter α can be determined to realize a novel method for homogeneity characterization and in-line quality control of textile-integrated wearable sensors during the manufacturing process.
Conference papers on the topic "Nanocomposite Capacitive Based Proximity Sensors"
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Ramalingame, Rajarajan, Dhivakar Rajendran, Amoog Lakshmanan, and Olfa Kanoun. "Effect of Organic Solvent on MWCNT-PDMS Nanocomposite Based Capacitive Pressure Sensors." In 2018 15th International Multi-Conference on Systems, Signals & Devices (SSD). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ssd.2018.8570607.
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Rocha, Rui Pedro, Anibal T. de Almeida, and Mahmoud Tavakoli. "Water Based Magnification of Capacitive Proximity Sensors: Water Containers as Passive Human Detectors." In 2020 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iros45743.2020.9340877.
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