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Journal articles on the topic 'Nanocatalysts for Hydrogenation reactions'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Shakil Hussain, S. M., Muhammad Shahzad Kamal, and Mohammad Kamal Hossain. "Recent Developments in Nanostructured Palladium and Other Metal Catalysts for Organic Transformation." Journal of Nanomaterials 2019 (October 20, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1562130.

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Nanocatalysis is an emerging field of research and is applicable to nearly all kinds of catalytic organic conversions. Nanotechnology is playing an important role in both industrial applications and academic research. The catalytic activities become pronounced as the size of the catalyst reduces and the surface area-to-volume ratio increases which ultimately enhance the activity and selectivity of nanocatalysts. Similarly, the morphology of the particles also has a great impact on the activity and selectivity of nanocatalysts. Moreover, the electronic properties and geometric structure of nanocatalysts can be affected by polar and nonpolar solvents. Various forms of nanocatalysts have been reported including supported nanocatalysts, Schiff-based nanocatalysts, graphene-based nanocatalysts, thin-film nanocatalysts, mixed metal oxide nanocatalysts, magnetic nanocatalysts, and core-shell nanocatalysts. Among a variety of different rare earth and transition metals, palladium-based nanocatalysts have been extensively studied both in academia and in the industry because of their applications such as in carbon-carbon cross-coupling reactions, carbon-carbon homocoupling reactions, carbon-heteroatom cross-coupling reactions, and C-H activation, hydrogenation, esterification, oxidation, and reduction. The current review highlights the recent developments in the synthesis of palladium and some other metal nanocatalysts and their potential applications in various organic reactions.

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2

Zhao, Jianbo, Liming Ge, Haifeng Yuan, Yingfan Liu, Yanghai Gui, Baoding Zhang, Liming Zhou, and Shaoming Fang. "Heterogeneous gold catalysts for selective hydrogenation: from nanoparticles to atomically precise nanoclusters." Nanoscale 11, no. 24 (2019): 11429–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nr03182k.

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3

Andrade, Marta A., and Luísa M. D. R. S. Martins. "Supported Palladium Nanocatalysts: Recent Findings in Hydrogenation Reactions." Processes 8, no. 9 (September 17, 2020): 1172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8091172.

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Catalysis has witnessed a dramatic increase on the use of metallic nanoparticles in the last decade, opening endless opportunities in a wide range of research areas. As one of the most investigated catalysts in organic synthesis, palladium finds numerous applications being of significant relevance in industrial hydrogenation reactions. The immobilization of Pd nanoparticles in porous solid supports offers great advantages in heterogeneous catalysis, allowing control of the major factors that influence activity and selectivity. The present review deals with recent developments in the preparation and applications of immobilized Pd nanoparticles on solid supports as catalysts for hydrogenation reactions, aiming to give an insight on the key factors that contribute to enhanced activity and selectivity. The application of mesoporous silicas, carbonaceous materials, zeolites, and metal organic frameworks (MOFs) as supports for palladium nanoparticles is addressed.

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4

Rossi, Liane M., Natália J. S. Costa, Fernanda P. Silva, and Renato V. Gonçalves. "Magnetic nanocatalysts: supported metal nanoparticles for catalytic applications." Nanotechnology Reviews 2, no. 5 (October 1, 2013): 597–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2013-0021.

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AbstractThis review is focused on metal nanoparticles (NPs) supported on magnetic responsive solids and their recent applications as magnetically recoverable nanocatalysts. Magnetic separation is a powerful tool for the fast separation of catalysts from reaction medium and an alternative to time-, solvent-, and energy-consuming separation procedures. Metal NPs attached to a magnetic solid can be easily carried and recovered by magnetic separation. Some examples of magnetically recoverable metal NPs used in hydrogenation, oxidation, C-C coupling reactions, photocatalysis, and other organic reactions will be given.

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Jiang, Nan, Xiao Zhou, Yi-Fan Jiang, Zhi-Wei Zhao, Liu-Bo Ma, Cong-Cong Shen, Ya-Nan Liu, Cheng-Zong Yuan, Shafaq Sahar, and An-Wu Xu. "Oxygen deficient Pr6O11 nanorod supported palladium nanoparticles: highly active nanocatalysts for styrene and 4-nitrophenol hydrogenation reactions." RSC Advances 8, no. 31 (2018): 17504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra02831a.

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6

Jiang, Yi-Fan, Cheng-Zong Yuan, Tuck-Yun Cheang, and An-Wu Xu. "Highly active and durable Pd nanocatalyst promoted by an oxygen-deficient terbium oxide (Tb4O7−x) support for hydrogenation and cross-coupling reactions." New Journal of Chemistry 43, no. 23 (2019): 9210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj01966a.

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7

Xue, Guangxin, Linlin Yin, Shengxian Shao, and Guodong Li. "Recent progress on selective hydrogenation of phenol toward cyclohexanone or cyclohexanol." Nanotechnology 33, no. 7 (November 26, 2021): 072003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac385f.

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Abstract Phenol is considered as an important platform molecule for synthesizing value-added chemical intermediates and products. To date, various strategies for phenol transformation have been developed, and among them, selective hydrogenation of phenol toward cyclohexanone (K), cyclohexanol (A) or the mixture KA oil has been attracted great interest because they are both the key raw materials for the synthesis of nylon 6 and 66, as well as many other chemical products, including polyamides. However, until now it is still challengeable to realize the industrilized application of phenol hydrogenation toward KA oils. To better understand the selective hydrogenation of phenol and fabricate the enabled nanocatalysts, it is necessary to summarize the recent progress on selective hydrogenation of phenol with different catalysts. In this review, we first summarize the selective hydrogenation of phenol toward cyclohexanone or cyclohexanol by different nanocatalysts, and simultaneously discuss the relationship among the active components, type of supports and their performances. Then, the possible reaction mechanism of phenol hydrogenation with the typical metal nanocatalysts is summarized. Subsequently, the possible ways for scale-up hydrogenation of phenol are discussed. Finally, the potential challenges and future developments of metal nanocatalysts for the selective hydrogenation of phenol are proposed.

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8

Wang, Wei, Zixin Wang, Mengqi Sun, Hui Zhang, and Hui Wang. "Ligand-free sub-5 nm platinum nanocatalysts on polydopamine supports: size-controlled synthesis and size-dictated reaction pathway selection." Nanoscale 14, no. 15 (2022): 5743–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2nr00805j.

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Catalytic bimolecular transfer hydrogenation reactions undergo a pathway switch between the Langmuir–Hinshelwood and the Eley–Rideal mechanisms as the size of Pt nanocatalysts varies in the sub-5 nm regime.

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9

Wang, Xin, Yi-Fan Jiang, Ya-Nan Liu, and An-Wu Xu. "Erbium oxide as a novel support for palladium nanocatalysts with strong metal–support interactions: remarkable catalytic performance in hydrogenation reactions." New Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 24 (2018): 19901–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nj05199b.

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10

Dhiman, Mahak, and Vivek Polshettiwar. "Ultrasmall nanoparticles and pseudo-single atoms of platinum supported on fibrous nanosilica (KCC-1/Pt): engineering selectivity of hydrogenation reactions." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 32 (2016): 12416–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ta04315a.

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Fibrous nanosilica supported ultrasmall platinum nanoparticles were prepared as novel nanocatalysts for hydrogenation reactions. Catalysts with sub-nanometer Pt or pseudo-single atoms of Pt had excellent selectivity, which decreased drastically with an increase in particle size.

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11

Anand, Samika, Dephan Pinheiro, and K. R. Sunaja Devi. "Recent Advances in Hydrogenation Reactions Using Bimetallic Nanocatalysts: A Review." Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry 10, no. 12 (November 12, 2021): 3068–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ajoc.202100495.

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12

GHADAMGAHI, S. "INFLUENCE OF THERMAL TREATMENT ON THE CATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF SHAPE RUTHENIUM NANOCATALYSTS." Latin American Applied Research - An international journal 48, no. 1 (January 31, 2018): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52292/j.laar.2018.251.

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Ruthenium fabricated as noble metal nanoparticles can be catalytically active for hydrogenation of organic compounds. However, a challenging issue for researchers is that Ru nanocatalysts can be spontaneously deactivated due to some effects, such as sintering or leaching of active components, oxidation of metal particles, inactive metal or metal oxide deposition and impurities in solvents and reagents. Activation of metal nanoparticles is one option for reactivation of shape Ru particles immobilized on SiO2 (0.1 wt% Ru/SiO2) utilized as nanocatalysts in chemical reactions. In fact, the catalytic activity of metal particles is known to be proportional to the active part of the surface area. The effects of thermal treatments on the catalytic activity of “shape Ru/SiO2 for hydrogenation of cyclohexene to cyclohexane were investigated. Optimization of activations by varying temperature and its time proved to be effective on the activity of catalysts retaining the Ru nanocatalysts shapes for the hydrogenation of cyclohexene. Product mixtures were analysed using gas chromatography (GC-FID) to determine conversions. The Ru catalysts showed the highest activity (C%: 100) when the catalysts were activated by activation following protocol No.1 (TPR1) in a furnace under the mildest reduction with more severe conditions (temperature: 200 oC for 1 h, which was the shortest activation time). HRTEM study showed only minimal aggregation and so minor deformation of the shape Ru nanoparticles for this type of Ru activation.

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13

Shesterkina, Anastasiya A., Leonid M. Kustov, Anna A. Strekalova, and Vladimir B. Kazansky. "Heterogeneous iron-containing nanocatalysts – promising systems for selective hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis." Catalysis Science & Technology 10, no. 10 (2020): 3160–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cy00086h.

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Bimetallic catalytic systems Fe–Me (Pt, Pd, Cu) demonstrate synergy in the activity/selectivity pattern in reactions involving hydrogen: selective hydrogenation of CC bonds, NO₂ and carbonyl groups and hydrogenolysis of C–O bonds.

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14

Corbos, Elena C., Peter R. Ellis, James Cookson, Valérie Briois, Timothy I. Hyde, Gopinathan Sankar, and Peter T. Bishop. "Tuning the properties of PdAu bimetallic nanocatalysts for selective hydrogenation reactions." Catalysis Science & Technology 3, no. 11 (2013): 2934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cy00255a.

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15

Zhao, Tian-Jian, Ya-Nan Zhang, Kai-Xue Wang, Juan Su, Xiao Wei, and Xin-Hao Li. "General transfer hydrogenation by activating ammonia-borane over cobalt nanoparticles." RSC Advances 5, no. 124 (2015): 102736–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra19869k.

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Cobalt nanoparticles containing both Co²⁺ and Co⁰ species supported on carbon nitride can function as heterogeneous nanocatalysts for a general transfer hydrogenation reaction in aqueous ammonia-borane solution at room temperature.

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16

Gao, Zhe, Mei Dong, Guizhen Wang, Pei Sheng, Zhiwei Wu, Huimin Yang, Bin Zhang, Guofu Wang, Jianguo Wang, and Yong Qin. "Multiply Confined Nickel Nanocatalysts Produced by Atomic Layer Deposition for Hydrogenation Reactions." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 54, no. 31 (July 6, 2015): 9006–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201503749.

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17

Gao, Zhe, Mei Dong, Guizhen Wang, Pei Sheng, Zhiwei Wu, Huimin Yang, Bin Zhang, Guofu Wang, Jianguo Wang, and Yong Qin. "Multiply Confined Nickel Nanocatalysts Produced by Atomic Layer Deposition for Hydrogenation Reactions." Angewandte Chemie 127, no. 31 (July 6, 2015): 9134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.201503749.

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18

Amir, Dzilal, Ricca Rahman Nasaruddin, Nurul Sakinah Engliman, Sarina Sulaiman, and Mohd Sufri Mastuli. "Effect of Stabilizers in the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Methylene Blue Oxidation." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1192, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1192/1/012031.

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Abstract Metal nanocatalysts have received increasing attention in catalysis due to their higher reactivity and surface area-to-volume ratio at nano-size. Silver nanoparticle (AgNP) is among metal nanocatalysts that have been studied in various catalytic reactions (e.g., hydrogenation and oxidation). However, the high reactivity of AgNPs at nano-size caused instability and aggregation. Therefore, stabilizing molecules (or stabilizers) are always applied to maintain the nano size of AgNPs and prevent aggregation. Herein, the effects of different types and molar ratio of stabilizers-to-Ag precursor, to the synthesized AgNPs (i.e, size and concentration) were investigated. Two types of stabilizers, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and citrate were used in this study. The roles of stabilizers to the catalytic performance of synthesized AgNPs were then elucidated by using methylene blue oxidation as the model reaction. The UV-Vis absorption analyses showed that both stabilizers produced slightly different size and concentration of AgNPs based on the different wavelength and absorption intensity of the peak. We also found that the molar ratio of stabilizers-to-Ag precursor that produced better yield of AgNPs was 1:1 and 1:3 for PVP and citrate, respectively. Then, AgNPs stabilized by citrate was found having slightly higher catalytic activity in the methylene blue oxidation than AgNPs stabilized by PVP. This study provides insights to the roles of stabilizers for the synthesis of stable AgNPs with efficient catalytic reaction and can be used as guideline to other metal nanocatalysts.

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19

Shao, Jieling, Miaomiao Liu, Zizhu Wang, Kaijie Li, Bo Bao, Shuangliang Zhao, and Shenghu Zhou. "Controllable Synthesis of Surface Pt-Rich Bimetallic AuPt Nanocatalysts for Selective Hydrogenation Reactions." ACS Omega 4, no. 13 (September 11, 2019): 15621–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.9b02117.

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20

Thakore, Sonal, and Puran Singh Rathore. "Development of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanomaterials for Organic Transformations." Advanced Materials Research 1141 (August 2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1141.1.

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Organic modification and surface functionalization of nanomaterials offers wide spectrum of materials which can be employed for several applications. Using this tool we have developed high performance recyclable nanocatalysts for several reactions such as transesterification, hydrogenation and oxidation. Using magnetic nanoparticles as a core, a few magnetically recoverable nanomaterials were also prepared. With suitable modifications these materials could be utilised for asymmetric synthesis as well as for drug delivery. Due to their interaction with magnetic field such hybrid nanomaterials can provide a strong platform for magnetic tumor targeting.

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21

Ghadamgahi, Sedigheh, James Johnston, and Carla Fonseca-Paris. "Ecofriendly Palladium on Wool Nanocatalysts for Cyclohexene Hydrogenation." Nanomaterials 8, no. 8 (August 15, 2018): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano8080621.

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Use of natural wool fiber supports in the fabrication of novel composite materials incorporating metal nanoparticles, which offer the possibility of “environmentally friendly” catalytic materials, has been investigated. The catalytic hydrogenation of cyclohexene to cyclohexane by palladium nanoparticles immobilized on wool (Pd/wool) was studied using moderate pressure of pure hydrogen gas. The performance of wool-supported catalysts was explored over a palladium nanoparticle loading ranging from 1.6 to 2.6 wt %. The effect of the catalytic testing conditions, including stirring rate, amount of reactants, gas pressure, and target temperature were explored. A systematic series of catalytic-activity tests carried out at 400 psi H2 for 5 and 24 h reaction times at 40 °C using a stirring rate 750 rpm allowed us to identify differences in performance within the series of Pd/wool nanocatalysts studied. The most catalytically active samples contained Pd nanoparticles with average sizes of ca. 5 nm located predominantly on the surface and within the topmost layer of wool fibers, making them more accessible to the reactants.

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22

Hammud, Hassan H., Hassan Traboulsi, Ranjith Kumar Karnati, Syed Ghazanfar Hussain, and Esam M. Bakir. "Hierarchical Graphitic Carbon-Encapsulating Cobalt Nanoparticles for Catalytic Hydrogenation of 2,4-Dinitrophenol." Catalysts 12, no. 1 (December 30, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12010039.

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Cobalt hierarchical graphitic carbon nanoparticles (Co@HGC) (1), (2), and (3) were prepared by simple pyrolysis of a cobalt phenanthroline complex in the presence of anthracene at different temperatures and heating times, under a nitrogen atmosphere. The samples were used for the catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrophenol. Samples (1) and (3) were prepared by heating at 600 °C and 800 °C respectively, while (2) was prepared by heating at 600 °C with an additional intermediate stage at 300 °C. This work revealed that graphitization was catalyzed by cobalt nanoparticles and occurred readily at temperatures of 600 °C and above. The nanocatalysts were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM, energy dispersive X-ray analysis EDX, Raman, Xrd, and XPS. The analysis revealed the presence of cobalt and cobalt oxide species as well as graphitized carbon, while TEM analysis indicated that the nanocatalyst contains mainly cobalt nanoparticles of 3–20 nm in size embedded in a lighter graphitic web. Some bamboo-like multiwall carbon nanotubes and graphitic onion-like nanostructures were observed in (3). The structures and chemical properties of the three catalysts were correlated with their catalytic activities. The apparent rate constants kapp (min−1) of the 2,4-dinitrophenol reductions were 0.34 for (2), 0.17 for (3), 0.04 for (1), 0.005 (no catalyst). Among the three studied catalysts, the highest rate constant was obtained for (2), while the highest conversion yield was achieved by (3). Our data show that an increase in agglomeration of the cobalt species reduces the catalytic activity, while an increase in pyrolysis temperature improves the conversion yield. The nanocatalyst enhances hydrogen generation in the presence of sodium borohydride and reduces 2,4-dinitrophenol to p-diamino phenol. The best nanocatalyst (3) was prepared at 800 °C. It consisted of uniformly distributed cobalt nanoparticles sheltered by hierarchical graphitic carbon. The nanocatalyst is easily separated and recycled from the reaction system and proved to be degradation resistant, to have robust stability, and high activity towards the reduction reaction of nitrophenols.

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23

Guerrero, M., A. Roucoux, A. Denicourt-Nowicki, H. Bricout, E. Monflier, V. Collière, K. Fajerwerg, and K. Philippot. "Alkyl sulfonated diphosphines-stabilized ruthenium nanoparticles as efficient nanocatalysts in hydrogenation reactions in biphasic media." Catalysis Today 183, no. 1 (March 2012): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2011.09.012.

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24

Siddqui, Nazia, Bipul Sarkar, Chandrashekar Pendem, Rubina khatun, L. N. Sivakumar Konthala, Takehiko Sasaki, Ankur Bordoloi, and Rajaram Bal. "Highly selective transfer hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds using Cu-based nanocatalysts." Catalysis Science & Technology 7, no. 13 (2017): 2828–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cy00989e.

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Simultaneous dehydrogenation of cyclohexanol to cyclohexanone and hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds to corresponding α,β-unsaturated alcohols was carried out in a single pot reaction without addition of any external hydrogen donor.

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25

Monai, Matteo, Kellie Jenkinson, Angela E. M. Melcherts, Jaap N. Louwen, Ece A. Irmak, Sandra Van Aert, Thomas Altantzis, et al. "Restructuring of titanium oxide overlayers over nickel nanoparticles during catalysis." Science 380, no. 6645 (May 12, 2023): 644–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.adf6984.

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Reducible supports can affect the performance of metal catalysts by the formation of suboxide overlayers upon reduction, a process referred to as the strong metal–support interaction (SMSI). A combination of operando electron microscopy and vibrational spectroscopy revealed that thin TiO x overlayers formed on nickel/titanium dioxide catalysts during 400°C reduction were completely removed under carbon dioxide hydrogenation conditions. Conversely, after 600°C reduction, exposure to carbon dioxide hydrogenation reaction conditions led to only partial reexposure of nickel, forming interfacial sites in contact with TiO x and favoring carbon–carbon coupling by providing a carbon species reservoir. Our findings challenge the conventional understanding of SMSIs and call for more-detailed operando investigations of nanocatalysts at the single-particle level to revisit static models of structure-activity relationships.

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26

Wang, Meihua, Zhe Gao, Bin Zhang, Huimin Yang, Yan Qiao, Shuai Chen, Huibin Ge, Jiankang Zhang, and Yong Qin. "Ultrathin Coating of Confined Pt Nanocatalysts by Atomic Layer Deposition for Enhanced Catalytic Performance in Hydrogenation Reactions." Chemistry - A European Journal 22, no. 25 (May 23, 2016): 8438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201601039.

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27

Wang, Meihua, Zhe Gao, Bin Zhang, Huimin Yang, Yan Qiao, Shuai Chen, Huibin Ge, Jiankang Zhang, and Yong Qin. "Ultrathin Coating of Confined Pt Nanocatalysts by Atomic Layer Deposition for Enhanced Catalytic Performance in Hydrogenation Reactions." Chemistry - A European Journal 22, no. 25 (May 23, 2016): 8385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201601892.

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28

Li, Gao, and Rongchao Jin. "Catalysis by gold nanoparticles: carbon-carbon coupling reactions." Nanotechnology Reviews 2, no. 5 (October 1, 2013): 529–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2013-0020.

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AbstractGold nanoparticles have been demonstrated to be efficient catalysts for a wide range of reactions in the past decades, such as oxidation and hydrogenation. In recent research, gold nanoparticle catalysts have been utilized in carbon-carbon coupling reactions. These coupling reactions have been established as convenient and general approaches toward biaryl or propargylamines, which are biologically active compounds, natural products, and pharmaceutical organic compounds. This review aims to highlight the current achievements in the field of gold nanoparticle-catalyzed coupling reactions, including Ullmann homocoupling of halides, oxidative homocoupling of organoboronates, Suzuki cross-coupling of phenylboronic acid and halides, Sonogashira cross-coupling of iodobenzene and phenylacetylene, and A3-coupling reaction of phenylacetylene, amines, and aryl or alkyl aldehydes. The catalytic mechanisms of these carbon-carbon coupling reactions are discussed. Finally, we provide our perspectives on some future work on gold nanocatalysis in coupling reactions.

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29

Mandi, Usha, Noor Salam, Sudipta K. Kundu, Asim Bhaumik, and Sk Manirul Islam. "Ruthenium nanoparticles supported over mesoporous TiO2 as an efficient bifunctional nanocatalyst for esterification of biomass-derived levulinic acid and transfer-hydrogenation reactions." RSC Advances 6, no. 77 (2016): 73440–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra10233f.

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30

Lande, Sharad V., Nagesh Sharma, Ajay Kumar, and Raksh Vir Jasra. "Spectroscopic Characterization of Stability and Interaction of Pd-Ag Complexes." International Journal of Spectroscopy 2014 (May 8, 2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/314070.

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Colloidal metal nanoparticles are of great interest because of their use as catalysts, photocatalysts, adsorbents, and sensors as well as their application in optical, electronic, and magnetic devices. Supported bimetallic systems represent a large part of heterogeneous catalysts which have been used in various reactions important in the chemical, petrochemical, and oil industry. Pd-Ag bimetallic nanocatalysts have become vitally important in some of the petrochemical industry’s processes like hydrogenation of C2–C5 olefins. A heat-treatment method for the preparation of well-stable Pd-Ag complexes is demonstrated using water, concentrated HCl and concentrated nitric acid as media. The stability and interaction of Pd-Ag complexes were characterized by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. Pd-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles of spherical cubic and octahedral shape in the range of average particle size of 20–60 nm have been prepared and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).

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31

Kovalskii, Andrey M., Ilia N. Volkov, Nikolay D. Evdokimenko, Olga P. Tkachenko, Denis V. Leybo, Ilya V. Chepkasov, Zakhar I. Popov, et al. "Hexagonal BN- and BNO-supported Au and Pt nanocatalysts in carbon monoxide oxidation and carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactions." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 303 (April 2022): 120891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2021.120891.

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32

Konnerth, Hannelore, and Martin H. G. Prechtl. "Selective partial hydrogenation of alkynes to (Z)-alkenes with ionic liquid-doped nickel nanocatalysts at near ambient conditions." Chemical Communications 52, no. 58 (2016): 9129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc00499g.

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A selective hydrogenation method for forming (Z)-alkenes from alkynes has been developed using a catalyst system of cheap Ni-NPs in a nitrile functionalised imidazolium based ionic liquid (IL) operating under very mild reaction conditions of 30–50 °C and 1–4 bar H₂ pressure.

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33

Kurtan, U., and A. Baykal. "Fe3O4@Tween20@Ag Magnetically Recyclable Nanocatalyst for Various Hydrogenation Reactions." Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials 25, no. 4 (December 25, 2014): 657–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10904-014-0138-5.

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34

Jin, Zhijun, Haiyan Xiao, Wei Zhou, Dongqiao Zhang, and Xiaohong Peng. "Synthesis and hydrogenation application of Pt–Pd bimetallic nanocatalysts stabilized by macrocycle-modified dendrimer." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 12 (December 2017): 171414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171414.

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Different generations of poly(propylene imine) (G n -PPI) terminated with N-containing 15-membered triolefinic macrocycle (G n M) ( n = 2, 3, 4, 5) were prepared. The bimetallic nanoparticle catalysts G n M-(Pt x /Pd 10− x ) ( x = 0, 3, 5, 7, 10) were prepared by the synchronous ligand-exchange reaction between G n M and the complexes of Pt(PPh 3 ) 4 and Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 . The structure and catalytic properties of G n M-(Pt x /Pd 10− x ) were characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The novel bimetallic Pd–Pt nanoparticle catalysts stabilized by dendrimers (DSNs) present higher catalytic activities for the hydrogenation of dimeric acid (DA) than that of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). It can be concluded that bimetallic Pd–Pt DSNs possess alloying and synergistic electronic effects on account of the hydrogenation degree (HD) of DA and NBR. Furthermore, the HD of DA and NBR shows a remarkable decrease with the incremental generations ( n ) of G n M-(Pt 3 /Pd 7 ) ( n = 2, 3, 4, 5).

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35

Bilokopytov, Yu V., S. L. Melnykova, and N. Yu Khimach. "Catalysts for hydrogenation of CO2 into components of motor fuels." Catalysis and petrochemistry, no. 30 (2020): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/kataliz2020.30.001.

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CO2 is a harmful greenhouse gas, a product of chemical emissions, the combustion of fossil fuels and car exhausts, and it is a widely available source of carbon. The review considers various ways of hydrogenation of carbon dioxide into components of motor fuels - methanol, dimethyl ether, ethanol, hydrocarbons - in the presence of heterogeneous catalysts. At each route of conversion of CO2 (into oxygenates or hydrocarbons) the first stage is the formation of CO by the reverse water gas shift (rWGS) reaction, which must be taken into account when catalysts of process are choosing. The influence of chemical nature, specific surface area, particle size and interaction between catalyst components, as well as the method of its production on the CO2 conversion processes is analyzed. It is noted that the main active components of CO2 conversion into methanol are copper atoms and ions which interact with the oxide components of the catalyst. There is a positive effect of other metals oxides additives with strong basic centers on the surface on the activity of the traditional copper-zinc-aluminum oxide catalyst for the synthesis of methanol from the synthesis gas. The most active catalysts for the synthesis of DME from CO2 and H2 are bifunctional. These catalysts contain both a methanol synthesis catalyst and a dehydrating component, such as mesoporous zeolites with acid centers of weak and medium strength, evenly distributed on the surface. The synthesis of gasoline hydrocarbons (≥ C5) is carried out through the formation of CO or CH3OH and DME as intermediates on multifunctional catalysts, which also contain zeolites. Hydrogenation of CO2 into ethanol can be considered as an alternative to the synthesis of ethanol through the hydration of ethylene. High activation energy of carbon dioxide, harsh synthesis conditions as well as high selectivity for hydrocarbons, in particular methane remains the main problems. Further increase of selectivity and efficiency of carbon dioxide hydrogenation processes involves the use of nanocatalysts taking into account the mechanism of CO2 conversion reactions, development of methods for removing excess water as a by-product from the reaction zone and increasing catalyst stability over time.

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36

Calcio Gaudino, Emanuela, Elisa Acciardo, Silvia Tabasso, Maela Manzoli, Giancarlo Cravotto, and Rajender S. Varma. "Cross-Linked Cyclodextrins Bimetallic Nanocatalysts: Applications in Microwave-Assisted Reductive Aminations." Molecules 25, no. 2 (January 19, 2020): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020410.

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The optimization of sustainable protocols for reductive amination has been a lingering challenge in green synthesis. In this context, a comparative study of different metal-loaded cross-linked cyclodextrins (CDs) were examined for the microwave (MW)-assisted reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones using either H2 or formic acid as a hydrogen source. The Pd/Cu heterogeneous nanocatalyst based on Pd (II) and Cu (I) salts embedded in a β-CD network was the most efficient in terms of yield and selectivity attained. In addition, the polymeric cross-linking avoided metal leaching, thus enhancing the process sustainability; good yields were realized using benzylamine under H2. These interesting findings were then applied to the MW-assisted one-pot synthesis of secondary amines via a tandem reductive amination of benzaldehyde with nitroaromatics under H2 pressure. The formation of a CuxPdy alloy under reaction conditions was discerned, and a synergic effect due to the cooperation between Cu and Pd has been hypothesized. During the reaction, the system worked as a bifunctional nanocatalyst wherein the Pd sites facilitate the reduction of nitro compounds, while the Cu species promote the subsequent imine hydrogenation affording structurally diverse secondary amines with high yields.

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37

Wang, Qing, Beien Zhu, Frederik Tielens, and Hazar Guesmi. "Single Metal Atoms Embedded in the Surface of Pt Nanocatalysts: The Effect of Temperature and Hydrogen Pressure." Catalysts 12, no. 12 (December 19, 2022): 1669. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12121669.

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Embedding energetically stable single metal atoms in the surface of Pt nanocatalysts exposed to varied temperature (T) and hydrogen pressure (P) could open up new possibilities in selective and dynamical engineering of alloyed Pt catalysts, particularly interesting for hydrogenation reactions. In this work, an environmental segregation energy model is developed to predict the stability and the surface composition evolution of 24 Metal M-promoted Pt surfaces (with M: Cu, Ag, Au, Ni, Pd, Co, Rh and Ir) under varied T and P. Counterintuitive to expectations, the results show that the more reactive alloy component (i.e., the one forming the strongest chemical bond with the hydrogen) is not the one that segregates to the surface. Moreover, using DFT-based Multi-Scaled Reconstruction (MSR) method and by extrapolation of M-promoted Pt nanoparticles (NPs), the shape dynamics of M-Pt are investigated under the same ranges of T and P. The results show that under low hydrogen pressure and high temperature ranges, Ag and Au—single atoms (and Cu to a less extent) are energetically stable on the surface of truncated octahedral and/or cuboctahedral shaped NPs. This indicated that coinage single-atoms might be used to tune the catalytic properties of Pt surface under hydrogen media. In contrast, bulk stability within wide range of temperature and pressure is predicted for all other M-single atoms, which might act as bulk promoters. This work provides insightful guides and understandings of M-promoted Pt NPs by predicting both the evolution of the shape and the surface compositions under reaction gas condition.

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Kudaibergenov, Sarkyt E., and Gulzhian I. Dzhardimalieva. "Flow-Through Catalytic Reactors Based on Metal Nanoparticles Immobilized within Porous Polymeric Gels and Surfaces/Hollows of Polymeric Membranes." Polymers 12, no. 3 (March 4, 2020): 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12030572.

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State-of-the-art of flow-through catalytic reactors based on metal nanoparticles immobilized within the pores of nano-, micro- and macrosized polymeric gels and in the surface or hollow of polymeric membranes is discussed in this mini-review. The unique advantages of continuous flow-through nanocatalysis over the traditional batch-type analog are high activity, selectivity, productivity, recyclability, continuous operation, and purity of reaction products etc. The methods of fabrication of polymeric carriers and immobilization technique for metal nanoparticles on the surface of porous or hollow structures are considered. Several catalytic model reactions comprising of hydrolysis, decomposition, hydrogenation, oxidation, Suzuki coupling and enzymatic reactions in the flow system are exemplified. Realization of “on-off” switching mechanism for regulation of the rate of catalytic process through controlling the mass transfers of reactants in liquid media with the help of stimuli-responsive polymers is demonstrated. Comparative analysis of the efficiency of different flow-through catalytic reactors for various reactions is also surveyed.

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39

Wu, Fei, Yueying Wang, Shunxin Fei, and Gang Zhu. "Co-Promoted CoNi Bimetallic Nanocatalyst for the Highly Efficient Catalytic Hydrogenation of Olefins." Nanomaterials 13, no. 13 (June 26, 2023): 1939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13131939.

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Bimetallic catalysts, especially non-noble metals, hold great potential for substituting for noble metals in catalytic hydrogenation. In present study, a series of CoxNiy (x + y = 6) bimetallic catalysts were prepared through the impregnation–reduction method and cyclohexene was chosen as probe-molecule to study the promotion effect of Co on the catalytic olefin hydrogenation reactions. Meanwhile, density functional theory (DFT) was utilized to investigate the formation energies and the charge distribution of CoNi bimetals, as well as the transition state (TS) searches for hydrogen dissociation and migration. The results suggest that bimetals tend to have superior catalytic performance than pure metals, and Co3Ni3 shows the highest catalytic activity on the cyclohexene hydrogenation. It was found that the charge transfer from Co to Ni and the alloying give rise to the refinement of CoNi grains and the improvement of its catalytic activity and stability. Thus, it may be possible to obtain better catalytic performance by tuning the metal/metal atomic ratio of bimetals.

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Abdelsalam, Yasser I. I., Renat F. Khamidullin, Vladimir E. Katnov, Aleksey V. Dengaev, Firdavs A. Aliev, and Alexey V. Vakhin. "Influence of FеР and Al(H2PO4)3 Nanocatalysts on the Thermolysis of Heavy Oil in N2 Medium." Catalysts 13, no. 2 (February 10, 2023): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13020390.

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The high viscosity of heavy oil is the main challenge hindering its production. Catalytic thermolysis can be an effective solution for the upgrading of heavy oil in reservoir conditions that leads to the viscosity reduction of native oil and increases the yield of light fractions. In this study, the thermolysis of heavy oil produced from Ashalchinskoye field was carried out in the presence of FеР and Al(H2PO4) nanocatalysts at a temperature of 250 °C in N2 gas environment. It was shown that Al(H2PO4)3 and FeP catalysts at a concentration of 0.5% significantly promoted the efficiency of the heavy oil thermolysis and are key controlling factors contributing to the acceleration of chemical reactions. The Al(H2PO4)3 + NiCO3 nanoparticles were active in accelerating the main chemical reactions during upgrading of heavy oil: desulfurization, removal of the side alkyl chains from polyaromatic hydrocarbons, the isomerization of the molecular chain, hydrogenation and ring opening, which led to the viscosity reduction in heavy oil by 42%wt. Moreover, the selectivity of the Al(H2PO4)3 + NiCO3 catalyst relative to the light distillates increased up to 33.56%wt., which is more than two times in contrast to the light distillates of initial crude oil. The content of resins and asphaltenes in the presence of the given catalytic complex was reduced from 34.4%wt. to 14.7%wt. However, FeP + NiCO3 nanoparticles contributed to the stabilization of gasoline fractions obtained after upgraded oil distillation. Based on the results, it is possible to conclude that the thermolysis of heavy oil in the presence of FеР and Al(H2PO4)3 is a promising method for upgrading heavy oil and reducing its viscosity.

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Pélisson, Carl-Hugo, Lucas L. R. Vono, Claudie Hubert, Audrey Denicourt-Nowicki, Liane M. Rossi, and Alain Roucoux. "Moving from surfactant-stabilized aqueous rhodium (0) colloidal suspension to heterogeneous magnetite-supported rhodium nanocatalysts: Synthesis, characterization and catalytic performance in hydrogenation reactions." Catalysis Today 183, no. 1 (March 2012): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2011.08.046.

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Wang, Meihua, Zhe Gao, Bin Zhang, Huimin Yang, Yan Qiao, Shuai Chen, Huibin Ge, Jiankang Zhang, and Yong Qin. "Cover Picture: Ultrathin Coating of Confined Pt Nanocatalysts by Atomic Layer Deposition for Enhanced Catalytic Performance in Hydrogenation Reactions (Chem. Eur. J. 25/2016)." Chemistry - A European Journal 22, no. 25 (May 23, 2016): 8381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201601887.

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43

Guo, Changyan, Caihong Liang, Xueping Qin, Yanjuan Gu, Ping Gao, Minhua Shao, and Wing-tak Wong. "Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Cores Decorated with Pd Nanoparticles and Coated Further with Metal–Organic Framework Shells (ZIF-8@Pd@MOF-74) as Nanocatalysts for Chemoselective Hydrogenation Reactions." ACS Applied Nano Materials 3, no. 7 (June 23, 2020): 7242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsanm.0c01566.

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44

Dang, Shanshan, Bin Qin, Yong Yang, Hui Wang, Jun Cai, Yong Han, Shenggang Li, Peng Gao, and Yuhan Sun. "Rationally designed indium oxide catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol with high activity and selectivity." Science Advances 6, no. 25 (June 2020): eaaz2060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz2060.

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Renewable energy-driven methanol synthesis from CO2 and green hydrogen is a viable and key process in both the “methanol economy” and “liquid sunshine” visions. Recently, In2O3-based catalysts have shown great promise in overcoming the disadvantages of traditional Cu-based catalysts. Here, we report a successful case of theory-guided rational design of a much higher performance In2O3 nanocatalyst. Density functional theory calculations of CO2 hydrogenation pathways over stable facets of cubic and hexagonal In2O3 predict the hexagonal In2O3(104) surface to have far superior catalytic performance. This promotes the synthesis and evaluation of In2O3 in pure phases with different morphologies. Confirming our theoretical prediction, a novel hexagonal In2O3 nanomaterial with high proportion of the exposed {104} surface exhibits the highest activity and methanol selectivity with high catalytic stability. The synergy between theory and experiment proves highly effective in the rational design and experimental realization of oxide catalysts for industry-relevant reactions.

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45

Córdova-Pérez, Gerardo E., Jorge Cortez-Elizalde, Adib Abiu Silahua-Pavón, Adrián Cervantes-Uribe, Juan Carlos Arévalo-Pérez, Adrián Cordero-Garcia, Alejandra E. Espinosa de los Monteros, et al. "γ-Valerolactone Production from Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation Using Ni Supported Nanoparticles: Influence of Tungsten Loading and pH of Synthesis." Nanomaterials 12, no. 12 (June 11, 2022): 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12122017.

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γ-Valerolactone (GVL) has been considered an alternative as biofuel in the production of carbon-based chemicals; however, the use of noble metals and corrosive solvents has been a problem. In this work, Ni supported nanocatalysts were prepared to produce γ-Valerolactone from levulinic acid using methanol as solvent at a temperature of 170 °C utilizing 4 MPa of H2. Supports were modified at pH 3 using acetic acid (CH3COOH) and pH 9 using ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) with different tungsten (W) loadings (1%, 3%, and 5%) by the Sol-gel method. Ni was deposited by the suspension impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized by various techniques including XRD, N2 physisorption, UV-Vis, SEM, TEM, XPS, H2-TPR, and Pyridine FTIR. Based on the study of acidity and activity relation, Ni dispersion due to the Lewis acid sites contributed by W at pH 9, producing nanoparticles smaller than 10 nm of Ni, and could be responsible for the high esterification activity of levulinic acid (LA) to Methyl levulinate being more selective to catalytic hydrogenation. Products and by-products were analyzed by 1H NMR. Optimum catalytic activity was obtained with 5% W at pH 9, with 80% yield after 24 h of reaction. The higher catalytic activity was attributed to the particle size and the amount of Lewis acid sites generated by modifying the pH of synthesis and the amount of W in the support due to the spillover effect.

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Gawande, Manoj B., Huizhang Guo, Anuj K. Rathi, Paula S. Branco, Yuanzhi Chen, Rajender S. Varma, and Dong-Liang Peng. "First application of core-shell Ag@Ni magnetic nanocatalyst for transfer hydrogenation reactions of aromatic nitro and carbonyl compounds." RSC Adv. 3, no. 4 (2013): 1050–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c2ra22143h.

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Vakhin, Alexey V., Mohammed A. Khelkhal, Arash Tajik, Nikita E. Ignashev, Tatiana O. Krapivnitskaya, Nikolay Yu Peskov, Mikhail Yu Glyavin, Svetlana A. Bulanova, Olga V. Slavkina, and Konstantin A. Schekoldin. "Microwave Radiation Impact on Heavy Oil Upgrading from Carbonate Deposits in the Presence of Nano-Sized Magnetite." Processes 9, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9112021.

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The present paper reports experiments on microwave heating of a carbonate oil-containing rock sample in the presence and absence of an iron-magnetite-based nanocatalyst. It has been shown that the used catalyst improves the processes of destructive hydrogenation of resins and asphaltenes compounds in the oil. The chemical reactions analysis demonstrated a decrease in asphaltenes content and in their molecular weight, which increases the filtration capacity of the oil fluid in the reservoir rock porous medium. Moreover, the content of non-extractable organic matter in the rock sample after experiments and after oil extraction was determined. It has been found that the absence of the catalyst causes the least increase in the content of non-extractable organic matter in the rock. This fact is related to the intensive processes of resinous-asphaltene compounds destruction especially at the level of peripheral groups which are the most condensed fraction, and hence leads to a decrease in their solubility in the organic medium and eases their adsorption on the mineral skeleton surface.

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Zhang, Huiling, Xuejia Gao, Yuanyuan Ma, Xue Han, Libo Niu, and Guoyi Bai. "A highly dispersed and stable Ni/mSiO2-AE nanocatalyst for benzoic acid hydrogenation." Catalysis Science & Technology 7, no. 24 (2017): 5993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cy02195j.

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Srilakshmi, Chilukoti, Rohit Saraf, and Chikkadasappa Shivakumara. "Structural Studies of Multifunctional SrTiO3 Nanocatalyst Synthesized by Microwave and Oxalate Methods: Its Catalytic Application for Condensation, Hydrogenation, and Amination Reactions." ACS Omega 3, no. 9 (September 5, 2018): 10503–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.8b01255.

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50

Liu, Chuanchao, and Yanhua Wang. "A ruthenium nanocatalyst for the atmospheric hydrogenation of 1,5-cyclooctadiene." Journal of Chemical Research 46, no. 2 (March 2022): 174751982210929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17475198221092945.

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A ruthenium nanocatalyst is utilized for the first time for the highly efficient and selective hydrogenation of 1,5-cyclooctadiene under atmospheric hydrogen pressure. Under the optimized reaction conditions, the conversion of 1,5-cyclooctadiene and the selectivity for cyclooctene are >99% and 95%, respectively. The turnover frequency is 451 h−1, which is higher than that ever reported for Ru complex catalysts.

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