Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nano-structured Transition Metal Oxides

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Nano-structured Transition Metal Oxides'

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Published: 7 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Nano-structured Transition Metal Oxides"

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Azor-Lafarga, Alberto, Isabel Gómez-Recio, M. Luisa Ruiz-González, and José M. González-Calbet. "Atomic Resolution Electron Microscopy: A Key Tool for Understanding the Activity of Nano-Oxides for Biomedical Applications." Nanomaterials 11, no. 8 (August 16, 2021): 2073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11082073.

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Transition metal oxides constitute one of the most fruitful sources of materials with continuously increasing potential applications prompted by the expectations derived from the reduction of the particle size. The recent advances in transmission electron microscopy, because of the development of lenses, have made it possible to reach atomic resolution, which can provide answers regarding the performance of the transition metal nano-oxides. This critical information is related not only to the ability to study their microstructural characteristics but also their local composition and the oxidation state of the transition metal. Exploring these features is a well-known task in nano-oxides for energy and electronic technologies, but they are not so commonly used for elucidating the activity of these oxides for biomedical applications. Nevertheless, the identification at the atomic level of a certain dopant or the unambiguous determination of the oxidation state of a transition metal in a nano-oxide can be important questions to be answered in a certain biomedical application. In this work, we provide several examples in transition metal nano-oxides to show how atomic-resolution electron microscopy can be a key tool for its understanding.
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Thompson, Kelsey. "Synthesis of Nano-Structured Transition Metal Oxides and Sulfides for Overall Water Splitting and Supercapacitors." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2021-01, no. 51 (May 30, 2021): 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2021-01511995mtgabs.

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Alam, Mir Waqas, Muhammad Aamir, Mohd Farhan, Maryam Albuhulayqah, Mohamad M. Ahmad, C. R. Ravikumar, V. G. Dileep Kumar, and H. C. Ananda Murthy. "Green Synthesis of Ni-Cu-Zn Based Nanosized Metal Oxides for Photocatalytic and Sensor Applications." Crystals 11, no. 12 (November 26, 2021): 1467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11121467.

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The preparation, characterization, and application of Nickel oxide (NiO)–Copper oxide (CuO)–Zinc oxide (ZnO) transition nanometal oxides have significantly enhanced their tunable properties for superior multifunctional performances compared with well-known metal oxides. NiO–CuO–ZnO nano transition metal oxides were synthesized by a simple eco-friendly solution combustion method. X-ray diffraction studies revealed distinct phases such as monoclinic, cubic, and hexagonal wurtzite for CuO, NiO, and ZnO, respectively, with NiO having the highest composition. The particle sizes were found to be in the range between 25 and 60 nm, as determined by powder X-ray diffraction. The energy bandgap values were found to be 1.63, 3.4, and 4.2 eV for CuO, ZnO, and NiO, respectively. All metal oxides exhibited a moderate degradation efficiency for AR88 dye. The results of ultraviolet–visible absorption spectra helped identify the bandgap of metal oxides and a suitable wavelength for photocatalytic irradiation. Finally, we concluded that the electrochemical studies revealed that the synthesized materials are well suitable for sensor applications.
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Binks, John H., and John A. Duffy. "Chemical bonding in rock salt structured transition metal oxides." Journal of Solid State Chemistry 87, no. 1 (July 1990): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4596(90)90082-9.

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Wang, Xiaoli, Gongde Wu, Tongfa Jin, Jie Xu, and Shihao Song. "Selective Oxidation of Glycerol Using 3% H2O2 Catalyzed by Supported Nano-Au Catalysts." Catalysts 8, no. 11 (October 29, 2018): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8110505.

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A series of transition metal oxides or mixed oxides supported nano-Au catalysts were prepared for the selective oxidation of glycerol to glyceric acid using 3% H2O2. It was found that the composition and structure of supports significantly influenced the catalytic performance of catalysts. The mesoporous trimetal mixed oxide (CuNiAlO) supported nano-Au catalysts were more active in comparison with the others. In the present catalytic system, the highest glycerol conversion was 90.5%, while the selectivity of glyceric acid could reach 72%. Moreover, the catalytic performance remained after 11 times of reaction.
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Li, Junhao, Ningyi Jiang, Jinyun Liao, Yufa Feng, Quanbing Liu, and Hao Li. "Nonstoichiometric Cu0.6Ni0.4Co2O4 Nanowires as an Anode Material for High Performance Lithium Storage." Nanomaterials 10, no. 2 (January 22, 2020): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10020191.

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Transition metal oxide is one of the most promising anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Generally, the electrochemical property of transition metal oxides can be improved by optimizing their element components and controlling their nano-architecture. Herein, we designed nonstoichiometric Cu0.6Ni0.4Co2O4 nanowires for high performance lithium-ion storage. It is found that the specific capacity of Cu0.6Ni0.4Co2O4 nanowires remain 880 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles, exhibiting much better electrochemical performance than CuCo2O4 and NiCo2O4. After experiencing a large current charge and discharge state, the discharge capacity of Cu0.6Ni0.4Co2O4 nanowires recovers to 780 mAh g−1 at 50 mA g−1, which is ca. 88% of the initial capacity. The high electrochemical performance of Cu0.6Ni0.4Co2O4 nanowires is related to their better electronic conductivity and synergistic effect of metals. This work may provide a new strategy for the design of multicomponent transition metal oxides as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
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Oh, Yoo Jin, Michael Hubauer-Brenner, and Peter Hinterdorfer. "Influence of Surface Morphology on the Antimicrobial Effect of Transition Metal Oxides in Polymer Surface." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 15, no. 10 (October 1, 2015): 7853–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2015.11215.

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In this study, the physical properties of transition metal oxide surfaces were examined using scanning probe microscopic (SPM) techniques for elucidating the antimicrobial activity of molybdenum trioxide (MoO3), tungsten trioxide (WO3), and zinc oxide (ZnO) embedded into the polymers thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and polypropylene (PP). We utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) in the contact imaging mode and its derivative single-pass Kelvin probe force microscopy for investigating samples that were presumably identical in their compositions, but showed different antimicrobial activity in bacterial adhesion tests. Our results revealed that surfaces with larger roughness and higher surface potential variation showed stronger antimicrobial activities compared to smoother and homogeneously charge-distributed surfaces. In addition, capacitance gradient (dC/dZ) measurements were performed to elucidate the antimicrobial activity arising from the different dielectric behavior of the transition metal oxides in this heterogeneous polymer surface. We found that the nano-scale exposure of transition metal oxides on polymer surfaces provided strong antimicrobial effects. Applications arising from our studies will be useful for public and healthcare environments.
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Chen, Huixin, Qiaobao Zhang, Xiang Han, Junjie Cai, Meilin Liu, Yong Yang, and Kaili Zhang. "3D hierarchically porous zinc–nickel–cobalt oxide nanosheets grown on Ni foam as binder-free electrodes for electrochemical energy storage." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 3, no. 47 (2015): 24022–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta07258a.

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3D hierarchically porous transition metal oxides, particularly those involving different metal ions of mixed valence states and constructed from interconnected nano-building blocks directly grown on conductive current collectors, are promising electrode candidates for energy storage devices such as Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors.
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Acharya, Jiwan, Bishweshwar Pant, Gunendra Prasad Ojha, and Mira Park. "Unlocking the potential of a novel hierarchical hybrid (Ni–Co)Se2@NiMoO4@rGO–NF core–shell electrode for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 10, no. 14 (2022): 7999–8014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta11063b.

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Nano-hybridization of a core–shell structure integrating a transition metal selenide with oxides results high-capacity electrode materials for energy storage devices thanks to the ample electroactive sites and relatively high electronic conductivity.
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Ramamurthy, Pasupathy, Kandan Chellamani, Bhaarathi Dhurai, Senthil ThankaRajan, Balasubramanian Subramanian, and Elango Santhini. "Antimicrobial Characteristics of Pulsed Laser Deposited Metal Oxides on Polypropylene Hydroentangled Nonwovens for Medical Textiles." Fibres and Textiles in Eastern Europe 25 (April 30, 2017): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/12303666.1228192.

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In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the antimicrobial activity on polypropylene (PP) hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics coated with transition metal oxides. After etching the nonwoven fabrics with RF plasma, nano-scale coatings of ZnO and CuO were done using the KrF excimer based pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD). Morphological and antimicrobial studies were carried out to elucidate the mechanism of antibiocidal behaviour of the coated fabrics. Results showed significant antibacterial activity of ZnO and CuO coated PP hydroentangled nonwovens with a better activity against gram positive S.aureus than gram negative E.coli. Inherently non-toxic, PP has excellent chemical resistance and the use of specialised PP fibres for hydroentangled nonwovens could offer scope in addition to metal oxide coatings; nano-scale biological materials such as enzymes and drugs could add specific functionality for their use as medical textiles.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nano-structured Transition Metal Oxides"

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Gao, Hongyan. "Nano/Submicro-Structured Iron Cobalt Oxides Based Materials for Energy Storage Application." TopSCHOLAR®, 2017. https://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/2057.

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Supercapacitors, as promising energy storage devices, have been of interest for their long lifespan compared to secondary batteries, high capacitance and excellent reliability compared to conventional dielectric capacitors. Transition metal oxides can be applied as the electrode materials for pseudocapacitors and offer a much higher specific capacitance. Co3O4 is one of the most investigated transition metal oxides for supercapacitor. Besides simple monometallic oxides, bimetallic transition oxides have recently drawn growing attention in electrochemical energy storage. They present many unique properties such as achievable oxidation states, high electrical conductivities because of the coexistence of two different cations in a single crystal structure. This study focuses on the bimetallic iron cobalt oxide based materials for the application of energy storage. We selected iron as the substituent in spinel Co3O4, by virtue of its abundant and harmless character. Four types of iron cobalt oxides based electrode materials with different morphologies and components have been synthesized for the first time. The hydrothermal method was the main strategy for the synthesis of iron cobalt based materials, which achieved the control of morphology and ratio of components. Multiple characterization methods, including SEM, TEM, XRD, XPS, TGA, BET, have been applied to study the morphologies and nano/submicron structures. The electrochemical properties of as-fabricated samples were performed by electrochemical workstation. In addition, in order to investigate the practical application of electrode materials, asymmetric supercapacitors have been assembled by using as-prepared samples as the positive electrodes and activated carbon as the negative electrodes.
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Tomlinson, Simon Michael. "Computer simulation studies of rock-salt structured binary transition metal oxides." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264941.

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Kramer, Alan Richard. "Surfaces and Epitaxial Films of Corundum-Structured Mixed Metal Oxides." Scholar Commons, 2017. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7418.

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Throughout the last half century of materials science, significant motivations came from, and still do, the industrial applications of these materials. Whether it is electronic, thermal, tribological or chemical in nature, the study of metals, semiconductors and insulators eventually reveals that the surface plays a significant part in the properties of these materials. Understanding metal terminations reveals often that an oxide is the stable state of the metallic surface in an ambient atmosphere and the ability to predict and control these oxides has led to significant strides forward in not just the metallic bulk but the oxide as well. Here we add to the understanding of the class of materials known as transition metal oxides by focusing on the structural and chemical nature of their surfaces. Vanadia, chromia and a new mixed metal oxide, VTiO3, all of which form the corundum structure and have physical properties that need further study. Specifically, Cr2O3 has been at the center of much debate over how oxygen chemical potential influences surface terminations and top layer relaxation. Chromia is a wide band gap (~3.4eV) insulator with substantial ligand field interaction and measurements of the 3d states reveal these states split to t2g and eg– consistent with the distorted octahedral. V2O3 is known to be a Mott insulator and paramagnetic, properties that can be modified through dopants, stoichiometry and strain. In this work, solid solutions of V2O3 and Ti2O3 are studied. VTiO3, has been synthesized in a corundum – like structure by epitaxial growth on an isostructural α-Al2O3 substrate. Section I offers a review of corundum like transition metal oxides and their surface properties and motivations of continued research. In section II we describe in detail, the critical components of PLD thin film growth and in the next section a review of the pertinent characterization techniques utilized in the process. Finally, the results are presented of the study of two transition metal oxide structures namely: 1) Novel VTiO3 in a corundum structure has been grown via Pulsed Laser Deposition – Molecular Beam Epitaxy on a single crystal Al2O3(0001) substrate. The sapphire substrate with modest lattice mismatch was utilized in an effort to compel heteroepitaxial growth of the VTiO3 film. Confirmation of the films structure & chemical state were performed by X-Ray diffraction, Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR), X-Ray Photo-electron Diffraction, Ultra-Violet Photo-Electron Diffraction and Reflection High Energy Electron expected that the metal ions exist in a 3+ charge state. While XPS clearly points to a V3+ charge state and this suggests that Ti should as well, however there is also a strong Ti4+ component present. EELS spectra support the existence of a mixed state Ti3+ & 4+. Broadening of the valance band edge as revealed by UPS spectra indicate that the 3d orbitals are occupied and that the a1g molecular states are occupied. The conflict in diffraction data supporting corundum and PES/EELS data suggesting a mixed state implies that additional final state effects are present and/or an oxygen rich structure. 2) Additionally, corundum like Chromium(III) Oxide is formed on a Cr(110) surface and characterized with X-Ray Photoelectron Diffraction, Low Energy Electron Diffraction and XPS for the purpose of characterizing surface termination and terminating layer relaxation. Comparison of the XPD diffraction data with known and previously discussed terminations reveal the as grown film does not conform. Consequently, we propose a new, stoichiometric termination with oxygen termination and 1st layer chromium interstitials. Atop this structure was grown an ultra-thin film of V2O3 by vanadium e-beam evaporation in background oxygen. This final structure supports the previously proposed vanadyl structured surface
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Andio, Mark Anthony. "Sensor Array Devices Utilizing Nano-structured Metal-oxides for Hazardous Gas Detection." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1343155831.

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Lubke, Mechthild. "Nano-sized transition metal oxide negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10044227/.

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This thesis focuses on the synthesis, characterization and electrochemical evaluation of various nano-sized materials for use in high power and high energy lithium-ion batteries. The materials were synthesised via a continuous hydrothermal flow synthesis (CHFS) process, which is a single step synthesis method with many advantages including screening processes (chapter 5). Electrochemical energy storage is introduced in chapter 1, with a focus on high power and high energy negative electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries (and capacitors). Many different classes of materials are discussed with associated advantages and disadvantages. This is followed by an experimental section in chapter 2. Chapter 3 deals with the main question regarding why some high power insertion materials show a wider operational potential window than expected. The nature of this electrochemical performance is discussed and classified towards battery-like and supercapacitor-like behaviour. Chapter 4 deals with Nb-doped anatase TiO2, which was tested for high power insertion materials. The role of the dopant was discussed in a comprehensive study. Chapter 5 gives an excellent example how CHFS processes can help accurately answer a scientific question. In this case the question dealt with the impact of transition metal dopants on the electrochemical performance of SnO2. Since CHFS enables similar materials properties despite doping, the real impact could be investigated in a fair manner. Finally, chapter 6 shows a strategy of achieving higher energy simultaneously with high cycle life. Insertion materials are combined with alloying materials in a simple, single step synthesis and this showed increased capacity, which is essential for high energy.
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Kube, Pierre [Verfasser], Robert [Akademischer Betreuer] Schlögl, Robert [Gutachter] Schlögl, Reinhard [Gutachter] Schomäcker, and Klaus [Gutachter] Rademann. "Comparison of alkane activation over supported and bulk transition metal oxide catalysts and transition metal free carbon nano structures / Pierre Kube ; Gutachter: Robert Schlögl, Reinhard Schomäcker, Klaus Rademann ; Betreuer: Robert Schlögl." Berlin : Technische Universität Berlin, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166752380/34.

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Zeng, Yu-Jin, and 曾昱縉. "Nano-structured Metal Oxides for Bio-implants and Capturing Cancer Cell." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3ykkf6.

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博士
國立中央大學
材料科學與工程研究所
106
In the field of bio-technology, surface morphology and chemical modification of biomaterials play important roles in the biocompatibility and interaction between cells and materials. The first study investigated the biocompatibility of self-organized TaOx nanotubes arrays with different nanotubes diameters fabricated by electrochemical anodization. In vitro biocompatibility evaluation indicated that fibroblast cells exhibit an obvious wettability-dependent behavior on the TaOx nanotubes. The 35-nm-diameter TaOx nanotubes arrays revealed the highest biocompatibility among all samples. This work demonstrates that the biocompatibility in Ta can be significantly improved by forming TaOx nanotubes arrays on the surface with appropriate nanotubes diameter and geometric roughness. The second part was to develop an effective platform for isolation of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Self-organized titanium oxide (TiO2) nanofibers of different densities were fabricated by electrospinning method. Anti-EpCAM antibodies were further conjugated on the TiO2 nanofibers to capture NPC CTCs in vitro and evaluated by mmunofluorescence. The results demonstrated that high-density TiO2 nanofibers showed better NPC CTCs capturing performance than the low-density ones. Moreover, TiO2 nanofibers prepared with higher concentration of ant-pCAM antibody showed better cell capturing ability. The high-density TiO2 nanofibers conjugated with anti-EpCAM antibodies can capture the CTCs of NPC effectively, which may have the potential for future clinical application.
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Velmurugan, Murugan, and Murugan velmurugan. "Exploration on the effect of nano/micro structured metal oxides and their composites to the electrochemical sensors and biosensors." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3d5rzs.

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博士
國立臺北科技大學
能源與光電材料國際學生研究所
105
The studies on nanoparticles and nanostructures have been extended to deal the area of energy, environmental, water, medicine, food and various technological applications. Mainly, the design and synthesis of nano/micro structured materials are particularly received immense interest because of their significant physical, chemical, optical and catalytic properties, which allowed them to be used for the fabrication of highly efficient devices. This thesis mainly documented the design, synthesis and characterizations of variety of transition metal oxides and their composites for the application of electrochemical sensors. Thereby, all the materials were synthesized by hydrothermal and precipitation cum thermal annealing processes. These nano/micro metal oxides and their composites are completely characterized and evaluated the reproducibility towards the synthesis protocol. The specific design of CuO microcrystals were obtained from the precipitation cum thermal annealing process with the aid of oxalic acid and sonic wave, which effectively controlled the shape of CuO (biscuit like). This compound is particularly prepared for the non-enzymatic glucose sensor, however, it seems to be lack in its sensitivity. Therefore, the active sites of CuO are realigned with ZnO nanorods, thus the ZnO nanorods and CuO nanospheres hetero structure was prepared by hydrothermal route using polyethyleneimine. These hetero structures resembling the p-n junction that efficiently determine the glucose level in blood samples. The improved electrocatalytic activity and high sensitivity of glucose determination was demonstrated by CuO and ZnO hetero structures, however, the overpotential of this determination seems to be high when compared with biscuit like CuO. This copper oxide was inevitably contributes to the electrochemical sensors, hence, it was carry forward to the development of core-shell like structures. The Cu2O/Co(OH)2 core-shell was fabricated on RGO by simple synthesis protocol and applied to the amperometric caffeine sensor. Herein, the Co(OH)2 shell provides foremost platform for the caffeine determination as well as the RGO supports the sensor matrix and helps to the fabrication and electron transfer. Accordingly, the RGO/Co3O4 nanohexagons were developed by the facile method and used for the determination of dopamine. Generally, the caffeine and dopamine have an indirect relationships, the former stimulates the dopamine that causes Parkinson disease. These similar composites were covered the individual determinations of caffeine and dopamine. Finally, the porous MnCo2O4 spinel was accounted for detection of cadmium ions in water. This porous structure was specifically synthesized for the adsorption of metal ions into the discrete pores which helps to the effective determination of cadmium ions.
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Book chapters on the topic "Nano-structured Transition Metal Oxides"

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Tomlinson, S. M., C. R. A. Catlow, and J. H. Harding. "Defect Clustering In Rock-Salt Structured Transition Metal Oxides." In Transport in Nonstoichiometric Compounds, 539–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2519-2_41.

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Umek, Polona, Andrej Zorko, and Denis Arčon. "Magnetic Properties of Transition-Metal Oxides: From Bulk to Nano." In Ceramics Science and Technology, 791–833. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527631735.ch19.

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Umek, Polona, Andrej Zorko, and Denis Arčon. "Magnetic Properties of Transition-Metal Oxides: From Bulk to Nano." In Ceramics Science and Technology, 791–833. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527631940.ch31.

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Ho, ChiaHua, Cho-Lun Hsu, Chun-Chi Chen, Ming-Taou Lee, Hsin-Hau Huang, Kai-Shin Li, Lu-Mei Lu, et al. "Research of Nano-Scaled Transition Metal Oxide Resistive Non-Volatile Memory (R-RAM)." In Ceramic Transactions Series, 129–35. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118771402.ch13.

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Nagarajan, S., J. Nimita Jebaranjitham, B. Ganesh Kumar, and Devaraj Manoj. "Emerging Nano-Structured Metal Oxides for Detoxification of Organic Pollutants Towards Environmental Remediation: Overview and Future Aspects." In Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, 151–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-79899-4_7.

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Ross, Natasha, and Emmanuel Iwuoha. "Nano Transition Metal Alloy Functionalized Lithium Manganese Oxide Cathodes-System for Enhanced Lithium-Ion Battery Power Densities." In Emerging Trends in Chemical Sciences, 201–20. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60408-4_13.

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Begam, K. M., M. S. Michael, and S. R. S. Prabahar. "NASICON Open Framework Structured Transition Metal Oxides for Lithium Batteries." In Lithium-ion Batteries. InTech, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/9115.

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Gavilán, H. "Nanomaterials and their Synthesis for a Sustainable Future." In Materials Research Foundations, 233–310. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644902639-8.

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Nanomaterials are structured materials whose dimensions lie in the nanoscale, at least in one dimension. Their small size and high surface area lead to properties not observed in their bulky state, some of which have revolutionized different fields in the last decades. While it is acknowledged that nanomaterials have been obtained or created since ancient times, with little or no knowledge about nanotechnology itself, it was not until this century that the development of nanomaterials was done on purpose, achieving a high level of sophistication in terms of fine-tuning the nanomaterial’s properties, including size, shape, chemical composition, and structure. As such, nanomaterials are used in many industries as advanced materials with high strength while being light, superhydrophobicity, and antimicrobial properties, to name a few. Some of the nanomaterials with high value, given their outstanding properties, are quantum dots (superior luminescence properties), gold nanoparticles (localized surface plasmons), layered perovskites (optimal band gaps for materials like solar cells), and carbon nanotubes (very high tensile strength, electrical conductivity). Consequently, there has been a tremendous boom of nanomaterials in the industry, so they have been introduced into our daily lives. Despite the little knowledge available about their impact on the environment and our health, such intensified use has raised some concerns about the safe use of nanomaterials. Furthermore, due to the extended use of resources and current pollution levels, given that access to energy, food, clean water, and health is not guaranteed to future generations, the concept of “sustainability” and the transition from a linear to a circular economy is becoming more important in the manufacturing of products. As a result, society is making efforts to implement the 3Rs ‘reduce’, ‘reduce’, and ‘recycle’ in our community. In addition, other Rs are of utmost importance: ‘Recover’, ‘Redesign’, ‘Remanufacture’, etc., so that products, materials, and resources are maintained in the economy for as long as possible, and the generation of waste is minimized. This book chapter tackles all these aspects for nanomaterials and “nano-products” (nanomaterials already introduced in specific markets or industries). In particular, it analyzes and collects data available in the literature, where it was possible to implement the sustainability concept in different steps of the life-cycle of nanomaterials: from their synthesis to subsequent remanufacturing processes. In this line, this chapter discusses the ‘green’ synthesis of nanomaterials, which are environmentally friendly processes that take place in natural environments (i.e., processes where nanoparticles are produced by microorganisms), or techniques that eliminate toxic reagents, minimize waste, reduce energy consumption and use ecological solvents. In addition, a section of the chapter covers reported strategies where the recovery, reuse, and recycling of nanomaterials were successful. The chapter has been structured into five parts. First, a general introduction to nanomaterials is provided. Then, different green synthesis methods are described, focusing on the biosynthesis of metal/metal-based oxide nanoparticles. After, the definition and classification of nanowastes are given, as well as a general overview of nano-toxicity and the different management procedures applied to nanomaterials after their end-of-life. Then, the book chapter covers the reuse and recycling of nanomaterials. In the fourth section of the book chapter, we provide data on ‘safe- and sustainable-by-design’ (SSbD) synthesis methods of nanomaterials. SSbD is a key concept for implementing a circular economy on nanomaterials. Finally, we provide some conclusions and final remarks about nanomaterials and their synthesis for a sustainable future.
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Anjum, Fozia, Nadia Akram, Samreen Gul Khan, Naheed Akhter, Muhammad Shahid, and Fatma Hussain. "Microbial Fuel Cell Formulation from Nano-Composites." In Gold Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Engineering [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.108744.

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Petroleum and oil industry is a rich source of nonrenewable energy that ultimately results in threatening of ecosystem due to emission of greenhouse gases into the environment. In the current panorama of the energy demand, industries focus on alternate and renewable energy resources to meet energy gaps. Thus, an expedient fuel cell based on microbes can be valued as an economical and ecofriendly substitute of energy generator. These microbial fuel cells have commercialized platinum electrodes to generate cost-effective energy after oxidation of organic wastes catalyzed by biocatalyst. Nowadays, conventional carbon electrode as an anode is taking popularity in microbial fuel cell but displays poor performance. So, to improve the chemistry of electrodes, nano-composites fabricated from polar polymeric material as well as cost-effective oxides of metals are the raw material. In this chapter, green synthesis of nano-composites from conducting polymers and oxides of transition metals has been discussed. Anode modification by composite to treat wastewater as well as its role to generate electricity has been discussed briefly.
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Ray, Apurba, Atanu Roy, Samik Saha, and Sachindranath Das. "Transition Metal Oxide-Based Nano-materials for Energy Storage Application." In Science, Technology and Advanced Application of Supercapacitors. IntechOpen, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.80298.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nano-structured Transition Metal Oxides"

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Mwakikunga, Bonex Wakufwa, Thomas Malwela, Kenneth Thembela Hillie, and Gebhu Ndlovu. "Towards an electronic nose based on nano-structured transition metal oxides activated by a tuneable UV light source." In 2011 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2011.6127403.

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Giraldo, Sergio, Moises Espindola-Rodriguez, Florian Oliva, Victor Izquierdo-Roca, Alejandro Perez-Rodriguez, and Edgardo Saucedo. "Transition Metal Oxides Nano-Layers as Efficient Back Electron Reflectors For Cu2ZnSnSe4 Solar Cells." In 2017 IEEE 44th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2017.8366422.

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Lucovsky, Gerald. "Narrowing the field of high-k gate dielectrics: intrinsic electronically-active bonding defects in nanocrystalline transition metal oxides." In 2006 International Workshop on Nano CMOS (IWNC). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iwnc.2006.4570987.

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Iqbal, A., S. A. Khan, N. U. Rahman, and T. Faraz. "Epitaxial growth controlled tailoring of Metal-Insulator (MI) Transition properties of rare earth correlated oxides." In 2014 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nems.2014.6908783.

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Narayanan, V., X. Lu, and S. Hanagud. "Shock-Induced Chemical Reactions in Multi-Functional Structural Energetic Intermetallic Nanocomposite Mixtures." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81636.

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Shock induced chemical reactions of intermetallics or mixtures of metal and metal-oxides are also used to synthesize new materials with unique phases and microstructures. These materials are also of significant interest to the energetics community because of the significant amount of heat energy released during chemical reactions when subjected to shock and/or thermal loading. Binary energetic materials are classified into two categories— metal/metal oxides and intermetallics. When these materials are synthesized at a nano level with binders and other structural reinforcements, the strength of the resulting mixture increases. Thus, these materials can be used as dual-functional binary energetic structural materials. In this paper, we study the shock-induced chemical reactions of intermetallic mixtures of nickel and aluminum of varying volume fractions of the constituents. The chemical reaction between nickel and aluminum produces different products based on the volume fraction of the starting nickel and aluminum. These chemical reactions along with the transition state are modeled at the continuum level. In this paper, the intermetallic mixture is impact loaded and the subsequent shock process and associated irreversible processes such as void collapse and chemical reactions are modeled in the framework of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Extended irreversible thermodynamics (EIT) is used to describe the fluxes in this system and account for the associated irreversible processes. Numerical simulations of the intermetallic mixture are carried out using finite difference schemes.
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Fang, F., J. Kennedy, J. Futter, A. Markwitz, and E. Manikandan. "Transition metal doped metal oxide nanostructures synthesized by arc discharge method." In 2013 International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3m-nano.2013.6737418.

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Gondal, M. A., M. A. Dastageer, and A. Khalil. "Preparation and band gap shift of nano-structured metal oxides and their activity in disinfection of water using laser induced photo-catalysis." In 2011 High Capacity Optical Networks and Enabling Technologies (HONET). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/honet.2011.6149820.

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Hou, Changjun, Jiale Dong, Yan Xu, Danqun Huo, Yike Tang, and Jun Yang. "Preparation and Characterization of Pt/WO3 Nano-Film and Its Hydrogen-Sensing Properties." In 2008 Second International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/micronano2008-70010.

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Tungsten trioxide is an n-type semiconductor, which has been extensively used for the development of metal oxide semiconductor gas sensors. The hydrogen gas sensing performance of platinum (Pt) catalyst activated WO3 thin films were investigated here. All of the Pt/WO3 films membranes are sensitive to hydrogen gas and the sample by sol-gel and DC reactive magnetron sputtering methods. X-ray diffraction results indicate that the tungsten trioxide is cubic crystal, and the AFM analysis shows molecular structures of the samples are tetrahedron. It means the four consecutive quadrilateral forms we observed in the 9nmx9nm molecular structure are scattergram of tungsten-ions and oxide-ions on 106 sides in WO2.9 structure cell, and the lost one oxide-ion resulted in the transition of WO3 to WO2.9. With anneal temperature rising, the membranous poriness decreasing. The higher crystal degree is, the lower gasochromic efficiency is. The change of combining environment and content of O−2 ions in colorized / decolorized state WOx films was observed in XPS analysis of Pt/WO3 film, the peak shape had changed greatly. As a result, the explanation to this phenomenon is available here according to XPS chemical shift of electric potential model theory.
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Tariq, Hanan Abdurehman, Abdul Shakoor, Jeffin James, Umair Nisar, and Ramzan Kahraman. "Combustion-Free Synthesis of Lithium Manganese Oxide Composites with CNTs/GNPs by Chemical Coprecipitation for Energy Storage Devices." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0004.

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Nano Spinel Lithium Manganese Oxide (LiMn2O4) was distributed properly on carbon nanotubes ( CNTs) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) using chemical coprecipitation method. The original particle size was less than 40 nm, and the average size of the crystallite was 20 nm without the application of any capping agents. Characteristic spectra of spinel structure and a peak of CNTs & GNPs obtained using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). CNTs and GNPs in energy storage systems improve the rate capabilities and cyclic efficiency of cathode materials. The suggested technique, chemical coprecipitation, provides new avenues for the production of nano-sized lithium transition metal oxide composites with CNTs and GNPs in an inexpensive and simple way. Higher density energy storage systems raise significant safety issues, and for safety, they are restricted to 30 percent to 50 percent of their ability. The proposed composite would enable the energy storage systems to be used even at high temperatures and higher discharge rates above 60 percent of their ability. Besides, the parasitic reaction between the electrode surface and the electrolyte will decrease, which will increase the battery's projected life span. As an all-solid-state device, the new composite batteries would make the system non-flammable, immune from side reactions, and resistant to capacity erosion.
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Saw, K. G., N. M. Aznan, F. K. Yam, S. S. Ng, and S. Y. Pung. "Insights on semiconductor-metal transition in indium-doped zinc oxide from x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and x-ray diffraction." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANO-ELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY DEVICES AND MATERIALS 2015 (IC-NET 2015). Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4948851.

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