Journal articles on the topic 'Nano-optics devices'
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Modak, Niladri, Ankit K. Singh, Shyamal Guchhait, Athira BS, Mandira Pal, and Nirmalya Ghosh. "Weak Measurements in Nano-optics." Current Nanomaterials 5, no. 3 (December 21, 2020): 191–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2468187310999200723121713.
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Background: Weak measurement involves weak coupling between the system and the measuring device (pointer) enables large amplification and high precision measurement of small physical parameters. The outcome of this special measurement procedure involving nearly mutually orthogonal pre- and post-selection of states in such weakly interacting systems leads to weak value that can become exceedingly large and lie outside the eigenvalue spectrum of the measured observable. This unprecedented ability of weak value amplification of small physical parameters has been successfully exploited for various metrological applications in the optical domain and beyond. Even though it is a quantum mechanical concept, it can be understood using the classical electromagnetic theory of light and thus can be realized in classical optics. Objective: Here, we briefly review the basic concepts of weak measurement and weak value amplification, provide illustrative examples of its implementation in various optical domains. The applications involve measuring ultra-sensitive beam deflections, high precision measurements of angular rotation, phase shift, temporal shift, frequency shift and so forth, and expand this extraordinary concept in the domain of nano-optics and plasmonics. Methods: In order to perform weak value amplification, we have used Gaussian beam and spectral response as the pointer subsequently. The polarization state associated with the pointer is used as pre and post-selection device. Results: We reveal the weak value amplification of sub-wavelength optical effects namely the Goos-Hänchen shift and the spin hall shift. Further, we demonstrate weak measurements using spectral line shape of resonance as a natural pointer, enabling weak value amplification beyond the conventional limit, demonstrating natural weak value amplification in plasmonic Fano resonances and so forth. The discussed concepts could have useful implications in various nano-optical systems to amplify tiny signals or effects. Conclusion: The emerging prospects of weak value amplification towards the development of novel optical weak measurement devices for metrological applications are extensively discussed.
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Karthik, R., G. Umasankar, and K. Thirumurugan. "Study of Optical Properties of Carbon Nanotube and Fabrication of Nano Fiber Optic for Optical Communication." Journal of Nano Research 11 (May 2010): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.11.139.
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The success of the developed nano-engineering technology will lead to a redefinition of optical device manufacturing and integration and the functional and economic displacement of traditional bulk-optics devices. The discovery of nonlinear optical properties of the Carbon Nanotube (CNT) has paved the way for the research and development of high optical non linearity in CNT based nano optical fiber. In this paper, a novel structure of our proposed high optical non linearity CNT based nano optical fiber has been studied. In addition, a mathematical analysis on a high third-order optical non linearity of CNT based nano optical fiber has been done.
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GUAN Xiao-wei, 管小伟, 吴昊 WU Hao, and 戴道锌 DAI Dao-xin. "Silicon hybrid surface plasmonic nano-optics-waveguide and integration devices." Chinese Journal of Optics and Applied Optics 7, no. 2 (2014): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/co.20140702.0181.
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Sequeira, César A. C. "Editorial for the Special Issue on “Nanoalloy Electrocatalysts for Electrochemical Devices”." Nanomaterials 12, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12010132.
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Nanoscale science and technology dealing with materials synthesis, nanofabrication, nanoprobes, nanostructures, nanoelectronics, nano-optics, nanomechanics, nanodevices, nanobiotechnology, and nanomedicine is an exciting field of research and development in Europe, the United States, and other countries around the world [...]
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Mohapatra, Shyam S., Robert D. Frisina, Subhra Mohapatra, Kevin B. Sneed, Eleni Markoutsa, Tao Wang, Rinku Dutta, et al. "Advances in Translational Nanotechnology: Challenges and Opportunities." Applied Sciences 10, no. 14 (July 16, 2020): 4881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10144881.
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The burgeoning field of nanotechnology aims to create and deploy nanoscale structures, devices, and systems with novel, size-dependent properties and functions. The nanotechnology revolution has sparked radically new technologies and strategies across all scientific disciplines, with nanotechnology now applied to virtually every area of research and development in the US and globally. NanoFlorida was founded to create a forum for scientific exchange, promote networking among nanoscientists, encourage collaborative research efforts across institutions, forge strong industry-academia partnerships in nanoscience, and showcase the contributions of students and trainees in nanotechnology fields. The 2019 NanoFlorida International Conference expanded this vision to emphasize national and international participation, with a focus on advances made in translating nanotechnology. This review highlights notable research in the areas of engineering especially in optics, photonics and plasmonics and electronics; biomedical devices, nano-biotechnology, nanotherapeutics including both experimental nanotherapies and nanovaccines; nano-diagnostics and -theranostics; nano-enabled drug discovery platforms; tissue engineering, bioprinting, and environmental nanotechnology, as well as challenges and directions for future research.
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Chen, Lijie, Weitao Zhang, Hanlin Zhang, Jiawang Chen, Chaoyang Tan, Shiqi Yin, Gang Li, Yu Zhang, Penglai Gong, and Liang Li. "In-Plane Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity of Low-Symmetry PdSe2." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 8, 2021): 4155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084155.
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Low-symmetry two-dimensional (2D) materials have exhibited novel anisotropic properties in optics, electronics, and mechanics. Such characteristics have opened up new avenues for fundamental research on nano-electronic devices. In-plane thermal conductivity plays a pivotal role in the electronic performance of devices. This article reports a systematic study of the in-plane anisotropic thermal conductivity of PdSe2 with a pentagonal, low-symmetry structure. An in-plane anisotropic ratio up to 1.42 was observed by the micro-Raman thermometry method. In the Raman scattering spectrum, we extracted a frequency shift from the Ag3 mode with the most sensitivity to temperature. The anisotropic thermal conductivity was deduced by analyzing the heat diffusion equations of suspended PdSe2 films. With the increase in thickness, the anisotropy ratio decreased gradually because the thermal conductivity in the x-direction increased faster than in the y-direction. The anisotropic thermal conductivity provides thermal management strategies for the next generation of nano-electronic devices based on PdSe2.
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Klass, E. V. "Possibilities of Applying Geometric Optics for Calculations of Nano- and Microstructures in Photovoltaic Devices." Optics and Spectroscopy 127, no. 6 (December 2019): 1098–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0030400x19120105.
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Xu, Litu, Fang Li, Yahui Liu, Fuqiang Yao, and Shuai Liu. "Surface Plasmon Nanolaser: Principle, Structure, Characteristics and Applications." Applied Sciences 9, no. 5 (February 28, 2019): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9050861.
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Photonic devices are becoming more and more miniaturized and highly integrated with the advancement of micro-nano technology and the rapid development of integrated optics. Traditional semiconductor lasers have diffraction limit due to the feedback from the optical system, and their cavity length is more than half of the emission wavelength, so it is difficult to achieve miniaturization. Nanolasers based on surface plasmons can break through the diffraction limit and achieve deep sub-wavelength or even nano-scale laser emission. The improvement of modern nanomaterial preparation processes and the gradual maturity of micro-nano machining technology have also provided technical conditions for the development of sub-wavelength and nano-scale lasers. This paper describes the basic principles of surface plasmons and nano-resonators. The structure and characteristics of several kinds of plasmonic nanolasers are discussed. Finally, the paper looks forward to the application and development trend of nanolasers.
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Maslov, Volodymyr. "Promising Micro-Nano-Technologies and Materials for Joining Precision Parts of Optics-and-Electronics Devices." Universal Journal of Materials Science 2, no. 4 (April 2014): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/ujms.2014.020402.
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Jahng, Junghoon, Hyuksang Kwon, and Eun Lee. "Photo-Induced Force Microscopy by Using Quartz Tuning-Fork Sensor." Sensors 19, no. 7 (March 29, 2019): 1530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19071530.
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We present the photo-induced force microscopy (PiFM) studies of various nano-materials by implementing a quartz tuning fork (QTF), a self-sensing sensor that does not require complex optics to detect the motion of a force probe and thus helps to compactly configure the nanoscale optical mapping tool. The bimodal atomic force microscopy technique combined with a sideband coupling scheme is exploited for the high-sensitivity imaging of the QTF-PiFM. We measured the photo-induced force images of nano-clusters of Silicon 2,3-naphthalocyanine bis dye and thin graphene film and found that the QTF-PiFM is capable of high-spatial-resolution nano-optical imaging with a good signal-to-noise ratio. Applying the QTF-PiFM to various experimental conditions will open new opportunities for the spectroscopic visualization and substructure characterization of a vast variety of nano-materials from semiconducting devices to polymer thin films to sensitive measurements of single molecules.
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Garmire, Elsa. "Stimulated Brillouin Review: Invented 50 Years Ago and Applied Today." International Journal of Optics 2018 (December 2, 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2459501.
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Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) is embedded today in a variety of optical systems, such as advanced high-power lasers, sensors, microwave signal processors, scientific instrumentation, and optomechanical systems. Reduction in SBS power requirements involves use of optical fibers, integrated optics, micro-optic devices, and now nano-optics, often in high Q cavities. It has taken fifty years from its earliest invention by conceptual discovery until today for SBS to become a practical and useful technology in a variety of applications. Some of these applications are explained and it is shown how they are tied to particular attributes of SBS: phase conjugation, frequency shifts, low noise, narrow linewidth, frequency combs, optical and microwave signal processing, etc.
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Parker, Andrew Richard. "A geological history of reflecting optics." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 2, no. 2 (February 15, 2005): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2004.0026.
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Optical reflectors in animals are diverse and ancient. The first image-forming eye appeared around 543 million years ago. This introduced vision as a selection pressure in the evolution of animals, and consequently the evolution of adapted optical devices. The earliest known optical reflectors—diffraction gratings—are 515 Myr old. The subsequent fossil record preserves multilayer reflectors, including liquid crystals and mirrors, ‘white’ and ‘blue’ scattering structures, antireflective surfaces and the very latest addition to optical physics—photonic crystals. The aim of this article is to reveal the diversity of reflecting optics in nature, introducing the first appearance of some reflector types as they appear in the fossil record as it stands (which includes many new records) and backdating others in geological time through evolutionary analyses. This article also reveals the commercial potential for these optical devices, in terms of lessons from their nano-level designs and the possible emulation of their engineering processes—molecular self-assembly.
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Houbertz, Ruth, Verena Hartinger, Jan J. Klein, Martin Herder, Gabi Grützner, and Peter Dannberg. "Multifunctional materials for lean processing of waferscale optics." Advanced Optical Technologies 10, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 59–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/aot-2021-0001.
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Abstract The continuous miniaturization of components and devices along with the increasing need of sustainability in production requires materials which can fulfill the manifold requests concerning their functionality. From an industrial point of view emphasis is on cost reduction either for the materials, the processes, or for both, along with a facilitation of processing and a general reduction of resource consumption in manufacturing. Multifunctional nanoscale materials have been widely investigated due to their tunable material properties and their ability to fulfill the increasingly growing demands in miniaturization, ease of processes, low-cost manufacturing, scalability, reliability, and finally sustainability. A material class which fulfills these requirements and is suited for integrated or waferscale optics are inorganic–organic hybrid polymers such as ORMOCER®s [ORMOCER® is registered by the Fraunhofer Gesellschaft für Angewandte Forschung e.V. and commercialized by microresist technology GmbH under license since 2003]. The combination of chemically designed multifunctional low-cost materials with tunable optical properties is very attractive for (integrated) optical and waferscale applications via a variety of different nano- and microstructuring techniques to fabricate micro- and nano-optical components, typically within less than a handful of process steps. The influence of photoinitiator and cross-linking conditions onto the optical properties of an acrylate-based inorganic–organic hybrid polymer will be discussed, and its suitability for being applied in waferscale optics is demonstrated and discussed for miniaturized multi- and single channel imaging optics.
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Zhang, Hongyu, Yanji Zheng, Zhi-Ming Yu, Xiaoyong Hu, and Cuicui Lu. "Topological hybrid nanocavity for coupling phase transition." Journal of Optics 23, no. 12 (November 12, 2021): 124002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8986/ac2fd2.
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Abstract Topological photonic nanocavity provides a robust platform for realizing nano-photonic devices and studying light–matter interaction. Here, a topological photonic-plasmonic hybrid nanocavity, assembling a topological photonic crystal (PhC) nanocavity with a plasmonic nano-antenna, is proposed to have an ultra-high figure of merit Q/V of 1.5 × 10 6 ( λ / n ) − 3 , which is two orders higher than that of the bare topological PhC nanocavity. The single-atom cooperativity parameter is improved by over 60 times due to the large enhancement of Q/V, which makes the coupling between light and a single emitter enter a strong coupling region in topological photonic realm for the first time. Meanwhile, strong coupling and weak coupling can be easily switched in the topological hybrid system by tuning the structure dimension of plasmonic nano-antennas. This work provides a robust platform to control coupling phase transition between light and a single emitter, which has great potential in topological lasers, quantum optics and quantum information.
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Sun, H. P., D. B. Jan, Q. X. Jia, and X. Q. Pan. "Transmission Electron Microscopy Study of Y2O3 Nanotips Grown on LaAlO3." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 320–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600027677.
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Y2O3 is a super refractory oxide with high thermal stability and finds various applications in optics and microelectronic devices. Recently, Eu-activated Y2O3 films attracted much research interest due to its promising applications in flat panel field emission displays. Epitaxial Y2O3:Eu thin films have been grown on LaA1O3(LAO). in this paper we report a transmission electron microscopy (TEM) study of Y2O3 nano tip-structure grown on LAO by pulsed laser deposition using stoichiometric YBa2Cu3O7-σ.a target under a low oxygen pressure. The experimental work was conducted within a JEOL2010F TEM equipped with an ED AX system.Fig.l is a low magnification cross-section TEM image of the nano-tip structure grown on (001) LAO. The lattice parameters of the tips were calculated to be that of Y2O3 by using LAO as a standard for indexing the diffraction patterns. Nano electron beam diffraction patterns from the tips along [100] and [110] axis are shown in Fig.2a and Fig.2b, respectively, in agreement with the simulated ones using bulk Y2O3 structure.
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Kaneko, Shun'ichi, Hyungsuck Cho, Kazunori Umeda, and Takayuki Tanaka. "Special Issue on Optomechatronics." Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 18, no. 6 (December 20, 2006): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2006.p0683.
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Many researchers in optomechatronics face the globalization of technologies they developed and implemented on production lines such as optical lithography, fiber optics, optical sensors and communication, micro/nano-optical engineering, intelligent and smart technologies, machine vision, optics-based control, visual servoing, vision-based control, microrobotics, and optics-based navigation and sensing. Optomechatronics is an active research field in which many types of optical technologies are combined with mechatronics, including mechanisms, electronics, and information technologies. Optomechatronics thus develops new technical, smart, embedded functions and systems for very broad applications. We have organized several international conferences for optomechatronics and optomechatronic systems sponsored by SPIE during this decade. At Sapporo in 2005, the SPIE international symposium on optomechatronic systems, ISOT2005, was held as a joint symposium of five conferences: actuators and manipulation, sensors and instrumentation, micro/nano-devices and components, machine vision, and systems control. The organization attracted 174 papers from around the world, and provided a fruitful forum for discussions on the status and future issues in optomechatronics. This special issue was planned partly to include many of the qualified papers presented at the symposium and to promote other researchers in peripheral fields of optomechatronics to submit their research to encourage researchers interested in it to develop systems and technologies more skilled, smarter, and more robust in the real-world environment. We thank the authors for their invaluable contributions and the reviewers for their valuable time and effort.
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He, Zhicong, Fang Li, Yahui Liu, Fuqiang Yao, Litu Xu, Xiaobo Han, and Kai Wang. "Principle and Applications of the Coupling of Surface Plasmons and Excitons." Applied Sciences 10, no. 5 (March 4, 2020): 1774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10051774.
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Surface plasmons have been attracting increasing attention and have been studied extensively in recent decades because of their half-light and half-material polarized properties. On the one hand, the tightly confined surface plasmonic mode may reduce the size of integrated optical devices beyond the diffraction limit; on the other hand, it provides an approach toward enhancement of the interactions between light and matter. In recent experiments, researchers have realized promising applications for surface plasmons in quantum information processing, ultra-low-power lasers, and micro-nano processing devices by using plasmonic structures, which have demonstrated their superiority over traditional optics structures. In this paper, we introduce the theoretical principle of surface plasmons and review the research work related to the interactions between plasmons and excitons. Some perspectives with regard to the future development of plasmonic coupling are also outlined.
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Chen, Songhua, Rui Luo, Xinyue Li, Meiyun He, Shanshan Fu, and Jialiang Xu. "Aggregation Induced Emission and Nonlinear Optical Properties of an Intramolecular Charge-Transfer Compound." Materials 14, no. 8 (April 11, 2021): 1909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14081909.
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Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) compounds have attracted wide attention for their potential applications in optoelectronic materials and devices such as fluorescent sensors, dye-sensitized solar cells, organic light emitting diodes and nonlinear optics. In this work, we have synthesized a new ICT compound, dimethyl-[4-(7-nitro-benzo[1,2,5]thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl]-amine (BTN), and have fabricated it into low dimensional micro/nano structures with well-defined morphologies. These self-assembled nanostructures exhibit high efficiency solid state fluorescence via an aggregation induced emission mechanism, which overcomes the defect of fluorescence quenching caused by aggregation in the solid state of traditional luminescent materials. We also explored and studied the nonlinear optical properties of this material through the Z-scan method, and found that this material exhibits large third-order nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients, which promises applications of the materials in the fields of nonlinear optics and optoelectronics.
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Du, Linhan, Xiaoyu Hu, Diannan Lu, and Zheng Liu. "Ionic Transport Triggered by Asymmetric Illumination on 2D Nano-Membrane." Molecules 26, no. 23 (November 23, 2021): 7078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237078.
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Ionic transport and ion sieving are important in the field of separation science and engineering. Based on the rapid development of nanomaterials and nano-devices, more and more phenomena occur on the nanoscale devices in the field of thermology, optics, mechanics, etc. Recently, we experimentally observed a novel ion transport phenomenon in nanostructured graphene oxide membrane (GOM) under asymmetric illumination. We first build a light-induced carriers’ diffusion model based on our previous experimental results. This model can reveal the light-induced ion transport mechanism and predict the carriers’ diffusion behavior under different operational situations and material characters. The voltage difference increases with the rise of illuminate asymmetry, photoresponsivity, recombination coefficient, and carriers’ diffusion coefficient ratio. Finally, we discuss the ion transport behavior with different surface charge densities using MD simulation. Moderate surface charge decreases the ion transport with the same type of charge due to the electrostatic repulsion; however, excess surface charge blocks both cation and anion because a thicker electrical double layer decreases effective channel height. Research here provides referenced operational and material conditions to obtain a greater voltage difference between the membrane sides. Also, the mechanism of ion transport and ion sieving can guide us to modify membrane material according to different aims.
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Rasskazov, Ilia L., Nishikant Sonwalkar, and P. Scott Carney. "Light scattering by plasmonic disks and holes arrays: different or the same?" Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 45 (September 19, 2022): 455104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac8ffc.
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Abstract We suggest a strategy for designing regular 2D arrays of nanoholes (NHs) in metal films with far-field scattering properties similar to that of regular 2D arrays of nanodisks (NDs) with the same periodicity. Full-wave simulations for perfectly conducting, Ag and Au NDs and respectively designed arrays of NHs demonstrate a minor difference between far-field properties either at wavelengths corresponding to Wood–Rayleigh anomalies of the arrays or in a broad wavelength range, depending on the array periodicity and sizes of NDs (NHs). Our results have broad implications in plasmon-enhanced-driven applications, including optoelectronic and photovoltaic devices, where the NH arrays are preferable to be fabricated for nano-structured optics.
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Minin, I. V., C.-Y. Liu, and O. V. Minin. "Towards structured SPP manipulation of light at the nanoscale." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1198, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1198/1/012007.
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Abstract Surface plasmon photonics is a rapidly developing area of physics, optics, and nanotechnology. The unique ability of meso- and nano-structures to manipulate light in the subwavelength range down to nanoscale volumes stimulated their use in a vast research endeavours. The investigations are driven by interests in both fundamental and practical applications aspects where plasmonic light concentrators elegantly interface mesoscale dielectric structure with thin metal films. The effects of a photonic nanojet and a photonic hook, discovered by Minins, have been studied in sufficient detail in the literature, but only recently have they been able to be confirmed experimentally for low-dimensional systems – in-plane surface plasmon waves. The nature of these phenomenas lies in the dispersion of the phase velocity of waves inside the dielectric structure, which leads to constructive interference of the transmitted, diffracted, and near-field waves. Our results set the grounds for in-plane plasmonic wavelength scaled optics with unprecedented control of the energy flow at the nanoscale, and shown a way toward realizing the densely packed optical elements needed for future plasmonic and optical devices.
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Xie, Xiaofan, Yunfei Li, Gong Wang, Zhenxu Bai, Yu Yu, Yulei Wang, Yu Ding, and Zhiwei Lu. "Femtosecond Laser Processing Technology for Anti-Reflection Surfaces of Hard Materials." Micromachines 13, no. 7 (July 8, 2022): 1084. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13071084.
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The anti-reflection properties of hard material surfaces are of great significance in the fields of infrared imaging, optoelectronic devices, and aerospace. Femtosecond laser processing has drawn a lot of attentions in the field of optics as an innovative, efficient, and green micro-nano processing method. The anti-reflection surface prepared on hard materials by femtosecond laser processing technology has good anti-reflection properties under a broad spectrum with all angles, effectively suppresses reflection, and improves light transmittance/absorption. In this review, the recent advances on femtosecond laser processing of anti-reflection surfaces on hard materials are summarized. The principle of anti-reflection structure and the selection of anti-reflection materials in different applications are elaborated upon. Finally, the limitations and challenges of the current anti-reflection surface are discussed, and the future development trend of the anti-reflection surface are prospected.
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Bai, Wei, Ping Yang, Shuai Wang, Jie Huang, Dingbo Chen, Zhaojian Zhang, Junbo Yang, and Bing Xu. "Actively Tunable Metalens Array Based on Patterned Phase Change Materials." Applied Sciences 9, no. 22 (November 16, 2019): 4927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9224927.
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Recently, the metalens has been investigated for its application in many fields due to its advantages of being much smaller than a conventional lens and is compatible with nano-devices. Although metalenses have extraordinary optical performance, it is still not enough in some occasions such as wavefront detection for adaptive optics and display for large area applications. Using a metalens array is an ideal solution to solve these problems. Unfortunately, the common metalens array cannot be adjusted once it is fabricated, which limits its range of application. In this article, we designed an actively tunable metalens array for the first time by arranging the patterned phase change material Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) appropriately. For the metalens array designed at the wavelength of 4.6 μm, it had excellent broadband performance in the range from 4.5 μm to 5.2 μm. On the other hand, by tuning the phase state of GST, the focus and display of the metalens array can be controlled, acting as switching on or off. Furthermore, any graphics constructed with patterned focal spots can be achieved when the metalens array has sufficient secondary unit cells. The proposed metalens may have potential application value in the adaptive optics and dynamic display field.
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Chen, Zehong, Zhonghong Shi, Wenbo Zhang, Zixian Li, and Zhang-Kai Zhou. "High efficiency and large optical anisotropy in the high-order nonlinear processes of 2D perovskite nanosheets." Nanophotonics 11, no. 7 (March 1, 2022): 1379–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2021-0789.
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Abstract Nonlinear nanophotonic devices have brought about great advances in the fields of nano-optics, quantum science, biomedical engineering, etc. However, in order to push these nanophotonic devices out of laboratory, it is still highly necessary to improve their efficiency. Since obtaining novel nanomaterials with large nonlinearity is of crucial importance for improving the efficiency of nonlinear nanodevices, we propose the two-dimensional (2D) perovskites. Different from most previous studies which focused on the 2D perovskites in large scale (such as the bulk materials or the thick flakes), herein we studied the 2D perovskites nanosheets with thickness of ∼50 nm. The high-order nonlinear processes including multi-photon photoluminescence and third-harmonic generation (THG) have been systematically investigated, and it is found the THG process can have a high conversion efficiency up to ∼8 × 10−6. Also, it is observed that the nonlinear responses of 2D perovskites have large optical anisotropy, i.e., the polarization ratio for the incident polarization dependence of nonlinear response can be as high as ∼0.99, which is an impressive record in the perovskite systems. Our findings reveal the properties of high efficiency and huge optical anisotropy in the nonlinear processes of 2D perovskite nanosheets, shedding light on the design of advanced integrated nonlinear nanodevices in future.
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Wells, Garth, Sven Achenbach, Venkat Subramanian, Michael Jacobs, David Klymyshyn, Swathi Iyer, Banafsheh Moazed, Jack Hanson, Chen Shen, and Darcy Haluzan. "SyLMAND: a microfabrication beamline with wide spectral and beam power tuning range at the Canadian Light Source." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 26, no. 2 (February 12, 2019): 565–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577518017721.
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SyLMAND, the Synchrotron Laboratory for Micro and Nano Devices, is a recently commissioned microfabrication bend magnet beamline with ancillary cleanroom facilities at the Canadian Light Source. The synchrotron radiation is applied to pattern high-aspect-ratio polymer microstructures used in the area of micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). SyLMAND particularly focuses on spectral and beam power adjustability and large exposable area formats in an inert gas atmosphere; a rotating-disk intensity chopper allows for independent beam-power reduction, while continuous spectral tuning between 1–2 keV and >15 keV photon energies is achieved using a double-mirror system and low-atomic-number filters. Homogeneous exposure of samples up to six inches in diameter is performed in the experimental endstation, a vertically scanning precision stage (scanner) with tilt and rotation capabilities under 100 mbar helium. Commissioning was completed in late 2017, and SyLMAND is currently ramping up its user program, mostly in the areas of RF MEMS, micro-fluidics/life sciences and micro-optics.
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Habib, Ahsan, Xiangchao Zhu, Sabrina Fong, and Ahmet Ali Yanik. "Active plasmonic nanoantenna: an emerging toolbox from photonics to neuroscience." Nanophotonics 9, no. 12 (September 1, 2020): 3805–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0275.
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AbstractConcepts adapted from radio frequency devices have brought forth subwavelength scale optical nanoantenna, enabling light localization below the diffraction limit. Beyond enhanced light–matter interactions, plasmonic nanostructures conjugated with active materials offer strong and tunable coupling between localized electric/electrochemical/mechanical phenomena and far-field radiation. During the last two decades, great strides have been made in development of active plasmonic nanoantenna (PNA) systems with unconventional and versatile optical functionalities that can be engineered with remarkable flexibility. In this review, we discuss fundamental characteristics of active PNAs and summarize recent progress in this burgeoning and challenging subfield of nano-optics. We introduce the underlying physical mechanisms underpinning dynamic reconfigurability and outline several promising approaches in realization of active PNAs with novel characteristics. We envision that this review will provide unambiguous insights and guidelines in building high-performance active PNAs for a plethora of emerging applications, including ultrabroadband sensors and detectors, dynamic switches, and large-scale electrophysiological recordings for neuroscience applications.
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Kamran, Muhammad Arshad, Bingsuo Zou, A. Majid, Thamer Alharbi, M. A. Saeed, Ali Abdullah, and Qurat-ul-ain Javed. "Synthesis and Photoluminescence of Single-Crystalline Fe(III)-Doped CdS Nanobelts." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 16, no. 4 (April 1, 2016): 4086–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2016.11033.
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In this paper, we report the synthesis and optical properties of Fe(III) doped CdS nanobelts (NBs) via simple Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) technique to explore their potential in nano-optics. The energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis manifested the presence of Fe(III) ions in the NBs subsequently confirmed by the peak shifting to lower phonon energies as recorded by Raman spectra and shorter lifetime in ns. Photoluminescence (PL) spectrum investigations of the single Fe(III)-doped CdS NBs depicted an additional PL peak centered at 573 nm (orange emission) in addition to the bandedge(BE) emission. The redshift and decrease in the BE intensity of the PL peaks, as compared to the bulk CdS, confirmed the quenching of spectra upon Fe doping. The synthesis and orange emission for Fe-doped CdS NBs have been observed for the first time and point out their potential in nanoscale devices.
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Duan, Guihui, Ce Zhang, Dongsheng Yang, and Zhaolong Wang. "Theoretical Design of a Bionic Spatial 3D-Arrayed Multifocal Metalens." Biomimetics 7, no. 4 (November 16, 2022): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7040200.
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With the development of micro/nano-optics, metasurfaces are gaining increasing attention working as novel electromagnetic wave control devices. Among which, metalenses have been developed and applied as a typical application of metasurfaces owing to their unique optical properties. However, most of those previous metalenses can only produce one focal point, which severely limits their applications. Inspired by the fly compound eye, we propose a special kind of spatial multifocal metalens. Our metalenses can reverse the polarization state of the incident circularly polarized light, which is then focused. In addition, a horizontally aligned multifocal metalens can be achieved by designing reasonable phase and region distributions, which is similar to a vertically aligned one. Most significantly, a spatially 3D-arrayed multifocal metalens with low crosstalk is well achieved by combining these two distribution methods. The proposed bionic 3D-arrayed multifocal metalens with amazing focusing effect promises applications in imaging, nanoparticle manipulation, optical communication, and other fields.
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Egorov, A. A., L. A. Sevastyanov, V. D. Shigorin, A. S. Ayriyan, and E. A. Ayriyan. "Properties of nematic LC planar and smoothly-irregular waveguide structures: research in the experiment and using computer modeling." Computer Optics 43, no. 6 (December 2019): 976–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2412-6179-2019-43-6-976-982.
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Nematic liquid crystal planar and smoothly-irregular waveguide structures were studied experimentally and by the computer modeling. Two types of optical smoothly-irregular waveguide structures promising for application in telecommunications and control systems are studied by numerical simulation: liquid crystal waveguides and thin film solid generalized waveguide Luneburg lens. Study of the behavior of these waveguide structures where liquid crystal layer can be used to control the properties of the entire device, of course, promising, especially since such devices are also able to perform various sensory functions when changing some external parameters, accompanied by a change in a number of their properties. It can be of interest to researchers not only in the field of the integrated optics but also in some others areas: nano-photonics, optofluidics, telecommunications, and control systems. The dependences of the attenuation coefficient (optical losses) of waveguide modes and the effective sizes (correlation radii) of quasi-stationary irregularities of the liquid-crystal layers on the linear laser radiation polarization and on the presence of pulse-periodic electric field were experimentally observed. An estimate was made of the correlation radii of liquid-crystal waveguide quasi-stationary irregularities. The obtained results are undoubtedly important for further research of waveguide liquid crystal layers, both from the theoretical point of view, and practical – in the organization and carrying out new experimental researches, for example, when developing promising integrated-optical LC sensors.
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Patel, Shobhit K., Jaymit Surve, Juveriya Parmar, and Truong Khang Nguyen. "Review on Graphene-based Absorbers for Infrared to Ultraviolet Frequencies." Journal of Advanced Engineering and Computation 5, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.55579/jaec.202154.350.
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The graphene-based absorbers are widely applicable and highly efficient. Graphene has very high electrochemical properties due to which tuning characteristics can be achieved with efficient and broadband absorption response. For this review paper, we have divided the graphene-based absorbers into three categories (Absorber sensors, Solar absorbers, and THz absorbers) based on their applications. We have presented a detailed discussion on various designs and their analysis in this paper. Absorber sensors are mainly applicable in biosensors for the detection of hemoglobin, urine biomolecules using the tuning properties of graphene, and are also applicable in medical, environmental, chemical, biological diagnostic applications. Solar absorbers are applicable in energy harvesting devices. Adding graphene layer in solar absorber design gives the highly efficient and broadband absorption response. THz absorbers are applicable in the THz applications in sensing and imaging devices. Some of the THz absorbers are improving the applications in the new field of nano-optics with 2D material. Graphene and its excellent electrical and optical properties are applied in material designs which create new structures applicable in novel applications like sensing, imaging, solar energy harvesting, etc.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.
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Gafsi, Saddam, Farhan Bin Tarik, Cody T. Nelson, and Judson D. Ryckman. "Optically resonant all-dielectric diabolo nanodisks." Applied Physics Letters 120, no. 26 (June 27, 2022): 261702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0089007.
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Optically resonant all-dielectric nanostructures attractively exhibit reduced losses compared to their plasmonic counterparts; however, achieving strong field enhancements at the nanoscale, especially within solid-state media, has remained a significant challenge. In this work, we demonstrate how subwavelength modifications to a conventional silicon nanodisk enable strong sub-diffractive and polarization dependent field enhancements in devices supporting Mie resonances, including anapole-like modes. We examine the electromagnetic properties of both individual and arrayed “diabolo nanodisks,” which are found to exhibit |E|2/|E0|2 enhancements in the range ∼102–104, in the high index medium, depending on geometrical considerations. In addition to supporting a localized electric field “hot-spot” similar to those predicted in diabolo nanostructured photonic crystal cavities and waveguide designs, we identify an anti-diabolo effect leading to a broadband “cold-spot” for the orthogonal polarization. These findings offer the prospect of enhancing or manipulating light–matter interactions at the nanoscale within an all-dielectric (metal free) platform for potential applications ranging from non-linear optics to quantum light sources, nano-sensing, nanoparticle-manipulation, and active/tunable metasurfaces.
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Zhou, Yuting, Qingyu Wang, Zhiqiang Ji, and Pei Zeng. "All-Dielectric Structural Colors with Lithium Niobate Nanodisk Metasurface Resonators." Photonics 9, no. 6 (June 8, 2022): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics9060402.
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Lithium niobate (LN) is a promising optical material, its micro–nano structures have been applied to fields such as photonic crystals, nonlinear optics, optical waveguides, and so on. At present, lithium niobate structural colors are rarely studied. Although the nanograting structure was researched, it has such large full width at half-maximum (fwhm) that it cannot achieve red, green, or blue pixels or other high-saturation structural colors, thus, its color printing quality is poor. In this paper, we design and simulate lithium niobate nanodisk metasurface resonators (LNNDMRs), which are based on Mie magnetic dipole (MD) and electric dipole (ED) resonances. In addition, the resonators yield very narrow reflection peaks and high reflection efficiencies with over 80%, especially the reflection peaks of red, green, and blue pixels with fwhm around 11 nm, 9 nm, and 6 nm, respectively. Moreover, output colors of different array cells composed of single nanodisk in finite size are displayed, which provides a theoretical basis for their practical applications. Therefore, LNNDMRs pave the way for high-efficiency, compact photonic display devices based on lithium niobate.
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Yang, Peidi, Baolong Zhang, Jinglong Ma, Yutong Li, Jungang Miao, and Xiaojun Wu. "Nonlinear terahertz effects of gold nanofilms." Terahertz Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (March 2021): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/tst/2021141020.
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Nonlinear interaction between strong-field terahertz electromagnetic waves and matters will become one of the next hot research frontiers in nonlinear optics. However, the lack of strong terahertz radiation sources and appropriate nonlinear terahertz materials have impeded its progress. Here we systematically have investigated the strong-field terahertz nonlinear effects of gold (Au) nanofilms on different substrates, including SiO2, high-resistivity Si and SiO2-high-resistivity Si hybrid substrates. The strong-field terahertz waves are emitted from lithium niobate crystals via tilted pulse front technique, and obvious nonlinear transmission responses are observed along with varying the incident field strengths for all the Au samples on the three types of the substrates. The nonlinear behavior is enhanced when the gold nanofilm thickness increases, which can be qualitatively understood by introducing the quantum tunneling effect and carrier multiplication theory generated at the Au nano-slits under the illumination of the strong-field terahertz pulses. Our demonstrations not only open a new paradigm for nonlinear terahertz investigations and future high-speed terahertz devices, but also provide an effective platform for exploring extreme terahertz sciences.
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Zhang, Xuehua, Qian Wang, Shun Liu, Wei Zhang, Fangren Hu, and Yongjin Wang. "Optical Isomerization and Photo-Patternable Properties of GeO2/Ormosils Organic-Inorganic Composite Films Doped with Azobenzene." Coatings 11, no. 7 (July 6, 2021): 818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070818.
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GeO2/organically modified silane (ormosils) organic-inorganic composite films containing azobenzene were prepared by combining sol-gel technology and spin coating method. Optical waveguide properties including the refractive index and thickness of the composite films were characterized by using a prism coupling instrument. Surface morphology and photochemical properties of the composite films were investigated by atomic force microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Results indicate that the composite films have smooth and neat surface, and excellent optical waveguide performance. Photo-isomerization properties of the composite films were studied by using a UV–Vis spectrophotometer. Optical switching performance of the composite films was also studied under the alternating exposure of 365 nm ultraviolet light and 410 nm visible light. Finally, strip waveguides and microlens arrays were built in the composite films through a UV soft imprint technique. Based on the above results, we believe that the prepared composite films are promising candidates for micro-nano optics and photonic applications, which would allow directly integrating the optical data storage and optical switching devices onto a single chip.
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Viti, Leonardo, Alisson R. Cadore, Xinxin Yang, Andrei Vorobiev, Jakob E. Muench, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Jan Stake, Andrea C. Ferrari, and Miriam S. Vitiello. "Thermoelectric graphene photodetectors with sub-nanosecond response times at terahertz frequencies." Nanophotonics 10, no. 1 (July 10, 2020): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0255.
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AbstractUltrafast and sensitive (noise equivalent power <1 nW Hz−1/2) light-detection in the terahertz (THz) frequency range (0.1–10 THz) and at room-temperature is key for applications such as time-resolved THz spectroscopy of gases, complex molecules and cold samples, imaging, metrology, ultra-high-speed data communications, coherent control of quantum systems, quantum optics and for capturing snapshots of ultrafast dynamics, in materials and devices, at the nanoscale. Here, we report room-temperature THz nano-receivers exploiting antenna-coupled graphene field effect transistors integrated with lithographically-patterned high-bandwidth (∼100 GHz) chips, operating with a combination of high speed (hundreds ps response time) and high sensitivity (noise equivalent power ≤120 pW Hz−1/2) at 3.4 THz. Remarkably, this is achieved with various antenna and transistor architectures (single-gate, dual-gate), whose operation frequency can be extended over the whole 0.1–10 THz range, thus paving the way for the design of ultrafast graphene arrays in the far infrared, opening concrete perspective for targeting the aforementioned applications.
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Song, Shichao, Yijie Li, Zhuofan Yao, Jie Li, Xiangping Li, and Yaoyu Cao. "3D Laser Nanoprinting of Optically Functionalized Structures with Effective-Refractive-Index Tailorable TiO2 Nanoparticle-Doped Photoresin." Nanomaterials 12, no. 1 (December 25, 2021): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12010055.
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The advanced direct laser printing of functional devices with tunable effective index is a key research topic in numerous emerging fields, especially in micro-/nano-optics, nanophotonics, and electronics. Photosensitized nanocomposites, consisting of high-index materials (e.g., titanium dioxide, TiO2) embedded in polymer matrix, are emerging as attractive platforms for advanced additive manufacturing. Unfortunately, in the currently applied techniques, the preparation of optically functionalized structures based on these photosensitized nanocomposites is still hampered by many issues like hydrolysis reaction, high-temperature calcinations, and, especially, the complexity of experimental procedures. In this study, we demonstrate a feasible strategy for fabricating micro-/nanostructures with a flexibly manipulated effective refractive index by incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles in the matrix of acrylate resin, i.e., TiO2-based photosensitized nanocomposites. It was found that the effective refractive index of nanocomposite can be easily tuned by altering the concentration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the monomer matrix. For TiO2 nanoparticle concentrations up to 30 wt%, the refractive index can be increased over 11.3% (i.e., altering from 1.50 of pure monomer to 1.67 at 532 nm). Based on such a photosensitized nanocomposite, the grating structures defined by femtosecond laser nanoprinting can offer vivid colors, ranging from crimson to magenta, as observed in the dark-field images. The minimum printing width and printing resolution are estimated at around 70 nm and 225 nm, indicating that the proposed strategy may pave the way for the production of versatile, scalable, and functionalized opto-devices with controllable refractive indices.
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Butt, Muhammad Ali. "Plasmonic sensor realized on metal-insulator-metal waveguide configuration for refractive index detection." Photonics Letters of Poland 14, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v14i1.1122.
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In this work, a plasmonic sensor established on metal-insulator-metal waveguide configuration is proposed and numerically investigated for biosensing applications. The spectral and sensing characteristics of the device are examined via the two-dimensional finite element method. Sensitivity (Sbulk) and figure of merit (FOM) are two important parameters that are considered to determine the device performance. The Sbulk of the device is considered as a ratio between the change in resonance wavelength and change in the ambient refractive index. Whereas FOM is the ratio of Sbulk to full width at half maximum. The Sbulk and FOM offered by the device are ~825.7 nm/RIU and ~13.14, respectively. This work can provide a guideline for the realization of highly sensitive plasmonic sensing devices. Full Text: PDF ReferencesN.L. Kazanskiy, S.N. Khonina, M.A. Butt, "Plasmonic sensors based on Metal-insulator-metal waveguides for refractive index sensing applications: A brief review", Physica E: Low-dimensional systems and Nanostructures 117, 113798 (2020). CrossRef D. Xiang, W. Li, "MIM plasmonic waveguide splitter with tooth-shaped structures", Journal of Modern Optics 61, 222-226 (2014). CrossRef M.A. Butt, S.N. Khonina, N.L. Kazanskiy, "Ultra-short lossless plasmonic power splitter design based on metal–insulator–metal waveguide", Laser Physics 30, 016201 (2020). CrossRef J. Park, S. Lee, B. Lee, "Polarization Singularities in the Metal-Insulator-Metal Surface Plasmon Polariton Waveguide", IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 46, 1577-1581 (2010). CrossRef M. T. Hill, M. Marell, E. S. P. Leong, B. Smalbrugge, Y. Zhu, M. Sun, P. J. V. Veldhoven, E. J. Geluk, F. Karouta, Y-S. Oei, R. Notzel, C-Z. Ning, M. K. Smit, "Lasing in metal-insulator-metal sub-wavelength plasmonic waveguides", Optics Express 17, 11107-11112 (2009). CrossRef A. Udupi, S. K. Madhava, "Plasmonic Coupler and Multiplexer/Demultiplexer Based on Nano-Groove-Arrays", Plasmonics 16, 1685-1692 (2021). CrossRef Y-F. C. Chau, C-T. C. Chao, H-P. Chiang, "Ultra-broad bandgap metal-insulator-metal waveguide filter with symmetrical stubs and defects", Results in Physics 17, 103116 (2020). CrossRef H. Bahri, S. Mouetsi, A. Hocini, H.B. Salah, "A high sensitive sensor using MIM waveguide coupled with a rectangular cavity with Fano resonance", Optical and Quantum Electronics 53, 332 (2021). CrossRef S.N. Khonina, N.L. Kazanskiy, M.A. Butt, A. Kazmierczak, R. Piramidowicz, "Plasmonic sensor based on metal-insulator-metal waveguide square ring cavity filled with functional material for the detection of CO2 gas", Optics Express 29, 16584 (2021). CrossRef M.A. Butt, S.N. Khonina, N.L. Kazanskiy, "Plasmonics: A Necessity in the Field of Sensing-A Review (Invited)", Fiber and Integrated Optics 40, 14-47 (2021). CrossRef M.A. Butt, A. Kazmierczak, N.L. Kazanskiy, S.N. Khonina, "Metal-Insulator-Metal Waveguide-Based Racetrack Integrated Circular Cavity for Refractive Index Sensing Application", Electronics 10, 1419 (2021). CrossRef N.L. Kazanskiy, S.N. Khonina, M.A. Butt, A. Kazmierczak, R. Piramidowicz, "A Numerical Investigation of a Plasmonic Sensor Based on a Metal-Insulator-Metal Waveguide for Simultaneous Detection of Biological Analytes and Ambient Temperature", Nanomaterials 11, 2551 (2021). CrossRef I. Tathfif, A.A. Yaseer, K.S. Rashid, R.H. Sagor, "Metal-insulator-metal waveguide-based optical pressure sensor embedded with arrays of silver nanorods", Optics Express 29, 32365-32376 (2021). CrossRef P.D. Sia, "Overview of Drude-Lorentz type models and their applications", Nanoscale Syst. Math. Model. Theory Appl. 3, 1-13 (2014) CrossRef M.A. Butt, N.L. Kazanskiy, "Nanoblocks embedded in L-shaped nanocavity of a plasmonic sensor for best sensor performance", Optica Applicata LI, 109-120 (2021). CrossRef S. Khani, M. Hayati, "An ultra-high sensitive plasmonic refractive index sensor using an elliptical resonator and MIM waveguide", Superlattices and Microstructures 156, 106970 (2021). CrossRef F. Chen, J. Li, "Refractive index and temperature sensing based on defect resonator coupled with a MIM waveguide", Modern Physics Letters B 33, 1950017 (2019). CrossRef M. Rahmatiyar, M. Danaie, M. Afsahi, "Employment of cascaded coupled resonators for resolution enhancement in plasmonic refractive index sensors", Optical and Quantum Electronics 52, 153 (2020). CrossRef M.A. Butt, S.N. Khonina, N.L. Kazanskiy, "A multichannel metallic dual nano-wall square split-ring resonator: design analysis and applications", Laser Physics Letters 16, 126201 (2019). CrossRef
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Aguilar-Merino, Patricia, Gonzalo Álvarez-Pérez, Javier Taboada-Gutiérrez, Jiahua Duan, Iván Prieto, Luis Manuel Álvarez-Prado, Alexey Y. Nikitin, Javier Martín-Sánchez, and Pablo Alonso-González. "Extracting the Infrared Permittivity of SiO2 Substrates Locally by Near-Field Imaging of Phonon Polaritons in a van der Waals Crystal." Nanomaterials 11, no. 1 (January 7, 2021): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010120.
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Layered materials in which individual atomic layers are bonded by weak van der Waals forces (vdW materials) constitute one of the most prominent platforms for materials research. Particularly, polar vdW crystals, such as hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), alpha-molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3) or alpha-vanadium pentoxide (α-V2O5), have received significant attention in nano-optics, since they support phonon polaritons (PhPs)―light coupled to lattice vibrations― with strong electromagnetic confinement and low optical losses. Recently, correlative far- and near-field studies of α-MoO3 have been demonstrated as an effective strategy to accurately extract the permittivity of this material. Here, we use this accurately characterized and low-loss polaritonic material to sense its local dielectric environment, namely silica (SiO2), one of the most widespread substrates in nanotechnology. By studying the propagation of PhPs on α-MoO3 flakes with different thicknesses laying on SiO2 substrates via near-field microscopy (s-SNOM), we extract locally the infrared permittivity of SiO2. Our work reveals PhPs nanoimaging as a versatile method for the quantitative characterization of the local optical properties of dielectric substrates, crucial for understanding and predicting the response of nanomaterials and for the future scalability of integrated nanophotonic devices.
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Colliex, C., N. Brun, A. Gloter, D. Imhoff, M. Kociak, K. March, C. Mory, O. Stéphan, M. Tencé, and M. Walls. "Multi-dimensional and multi-signal approaches in scanning transmission electron microscopes." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 367, no. 1903 (September 28, 2009): 3845–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0128.
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Developments in instrumentation are essential to open new fields of science. This clearly applies to electron microscopy, where recent progress in all hardware components and in digitally assisted data acquisition and processing has radically extended the domains of application. The demonstrated breakthroughs in electron optics, such as the successful design and practical realization and the use of correctors, filters and monochromators, and the permanent progress in detector efficiency have pushed forward the performance limits, in terms of spatial resolution in imaging, as well as for energy resolution in electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and for sensitivity to the identification of single atoms. As a consequence, the objects of the nanoworld, of natural or artificial origin, can now be explored at the ultimate atomic level. The improved energy resolution in EELS, which now encompasses the near-IR/visible/UV spectral domain, also broadens the range of available information, thus providing a powerful tool for the development of nanometre-level photonics. Furthermore, spherical aberration correctors offer an enlarged gap in the objective lens to accommodate nanolaboratory-type devices, while maintaining angström-level resolution for general characterization of the nano-object under study.
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Brehm, Moritz. "(Invited) Light-Emitting Devices Based on Defect-Enhanced Group-IV Nanostructures." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 20 (July 7, 2022): 1080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01201080mtgabs.
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Combining Si-based integrated optics with Si-based microelectronics is crucial for next-generation applications ranging from data transfer on short distances to sensing and, potentially, to quantum cryptography at telecom wavelengths. However, Si's intrinsically poor light-emitting properties, i.e., its indirect energy bandgap, inhibit a straightforward implementation of telecom devices such as light-emitting diodes and lasers operating at room temperature. We argue that adding Ge heterostructures, nanostructures, intentionally-induced defects, and defects within nanostructures to the Si platform can be a viable way to overcome the limitations of Si as a light-emitting material [1]. Significant progress for light-emission from group-IV nanostructures can be achieved by intentionally incorporating extended point defects inside the QDs upon in-situ low-energy ion implantation [2],[3]. This work discusses the superior light-emission properties from such defect-enhanced quantum dots (DEQDs) and our present understanding of their structural formation and light-emission mechanisms [4], indicating that optically direct recombination paths play a role in room-temperature light emission. As compared to other group-IV systems with pronounced optical emission, contact doping and hence fabrication of electrically driven devices is relatively straightforward in this nanosystem since DEQDs are embedded into a defect-free Si matrix [5],[6]. We show that useful electrically driven devices, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), can be fabricated employing optically active DEQD material. These LEDs exhibit exceptional temperature stability of their light-emission properties even up to 100°C, unprecedented for purely group-IV-based optoelectronic devices [7]. We discuss the role of vital parameters, such as the temperature stability of the structural properties [8],[9], the scalability of the light-emission with the nanostructure density [6], and passivation schemes to further improve the optical properties [8],[10]. Additionally, we elaborate on schemes for advanced layouts for electrically-pumped devices. References [1 ] M. Brehm, Silicon Photonics IV, 67-103, Silicon Photonics IV: Innovative Frontiers, edited by David J. Lockwood and Lorenzo Pavesi, Springer series Topics in Applied Physics (2021). [2] M. Grydlik et al., ACS Photonics 3, 298–303 (2016). [3] M. Grydlik et al., Nano Lett. 16, 6802–6807 (2016). [4] F. Murphy-Armando et al., Phys. Rev. B 103, 085310 (2021). [5] M. Brehm and M. Grydlik, Nanotechnology 28, 392001 (2017). [6] H. Groiss et al., Semicond. Sci. Technol. 32, 02LT01 (2017). [7] P. Rauter et al., ACS Photonics 5, 431-438 (2018). [8] L. Spindlberger et al., Crystals 10, 351 (2020). [9] L. Spindlberger et al., Physica Status Solidi (a) 216, 1900307 (2019). [10] L. Spindlberger et al., Appl. Phys. Lett. 118, 083104 (2021).
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Shinada, Takahiro, Hikaru Koyama, Chie Hinoshita, Ken Imamura, and Iwao Ohdomari. "Improvement of Focused Ion-Beam Optics in Single-Ion Implantation for Higher Aiming Precision of One-by-One Doping of Impurity Atoms into Nano-Scale Semiconductor Devices." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 41, Part 2, No. 3A (March 1, 2002): L287—L290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.41.l287.
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Falah Fakhruldeen, Hassan, and Tahreer Safaa Mansour. "All-Optical NOT Gate Based on Nanoring Silver-Air Plasmonic Waveguide." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4 (October 6, 2018): 2818. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.18955.
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In this work, all-optical plasmonic NOT logic gate was proposed by using metal-insulator-metal (MIM) plasmonic waveguides design. This logic gate is numerically analyzed by COMSOL Multiphysics 5.3a. Recently, plasmonics have attracted more attention due to its huge applications in all optical signal processing. Due to it’s highly localization to metallic surfaces, surface plasmon (SP) may have many applications in sub wavelength to guide the optical signal in waveguides to overcome the diffraction limit which considered a big problem in conventional optics. The proposed design of MIM structure is consist of a dielectric waveguides plus metallic claddings, which guide the incident light strongly in the insulator region. Strong localization and relatively simple fabrication make the MIM waveguides the potential key design of Nano-scale all optical devices. Our design consists of symmetric ring structures with straight waveguides which based on MIM structure. All-optical logic gate (NOT gate) behavior is achieved from utilizing the interface between straight waveguides and ring structure waveguides. By switching the activation of the control port, the propagation of the outgoing field in the output waveguide will be changed. As the simulation results show, the proposed structure could operate as an all-optical NOT logic gate. This gate would be a potential component in many applications of all-optical signals processing.
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Tagawa, Miho, Takumi Isogai, Hayato Sumi, and Shoko Kojima. "Structure control of nanoparticle superstructures with DNA nanostructure." Impact 2018, no. 3 (June 15, 2018): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2018.3.72.
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Nanoparticles are tiny stable clusters of atoms or molecules of between one and 100 nanometres. In comparison, the width of a human hair ranges from 80,000 to 100,000 nanometres. At this scale, particles sometimes exhibit unexpected properties, and structured assemblies of nanoparticles can have characteristics which are not found in the natural world. These varied and novel properties are finding applications in new technology domains such as nano-optics, neural computing, nanoscale transistors and cloaking devices. A research group at Nagoya University, led by Professor Miho Tagawa and including Dr Takumi Isogai, graduate students Hayato Sumi and Shoko Kojima, is working at the cutting edge of nanotechnology, finding ways to programme and control the structure of nanoparticle crystals and lattices using DNA mediation. As Tagawa says: 'programmable self-assembly of matter represents a big challenge in the field of material science and nanotechnology. It will lay the foundations for the creation of highly novel materials and devices, based on the specific properties of nanoparticles.' The project is funded by a range of Japanese agencies, including government ministries and private foundations. Nanoparticle crystals Nanoparticle crystallisation is difficult because of the various molecular interactions within and between particles and with the solvent. In 2008, it was discovered that using strands of DNA as surface ligands on nanoparticles would cause nanoparticles to assemble in crystalline structures similar to those exhibited by atoms. The surface strands of DNA interlink through hybridisation and act as a binding agent between the nanoparticles. Varying the lengths and segment types causes the particles to bind in different ways and thus exhibit different properties. Much has been learned about DNA-nanoparticle (DNA-NP). However, many challenges remain. Tagawa elaborates: 'whereas crystals of DNA-NP superlattice are stable when in a buffer solution, they tend to lose their symmetry when dried and exposed to air.' The team at Nagoya were determined to find a means of stabilising these structures after dehydration.
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Morgan, Andrew J., Kevin T. Murray, Mauro Prasciolu, Holger Fleckenstein, Oleksandr Yefanov, Pablo Villanueva-Perez, Valerio Mariani, et al. "Ptychographic X-ray speckle tracking with multi-layer Laue lens systems." Journal of Applied Crystallography 53, no. 4 (July 8, 2020): 927–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600576720006925.
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The ever-increasing brightness of synchrotron radiation sources demands improved X-ray optics to utilize their capability for imaging and probing biological cells, nano-devices and functional matter on the nanometre scale with chemical sensitivity. Hard X-rays are ideal for high-resolution imaging and spectroscopic applications owing to their short wavelength, high penetrating power and chemical sensitivity. The penetrating power that makes X-rays useful for imaging also makes focusing them technologically challenging. Recent developments in layer deposition techniques have enabled the fabrication of a series of highly focusing X-ray lenses, known as wedged multi-layer Laue lenses. Improvements to the lens design and fabrication technique demand an accurate, robust, in situ and at-wavelength characterization method. To this end, a modified form of the speckle tracking wavefront metrology method has been developed. The ptychographic X-ray speckle tracking method is capable of operating with highly divergent wavefields. A useful by-product of this method is that it also provides high-resolution and aberration-free projection images of extended specimens. Three separate experiments using this method are reported, where the ray path angles have been resolved to within 4 nrad with an imaging resolution of 45 nm (full period). This method does not require a high degree of coherence, making it suitable for laboratory-based X-ray sources. Likewise, it is robust to errors in the registered sample positions, making it suitable for X-ray free-electron laser facilities, where beam-pointing fluctuations can be problematic for wavefront metrology.
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Michalik, Damian Arkadiusz, Paweł S. Jung, Bartłomiej W. Klus, Andrzej Kowalik, Anna Rojek, Urszula A. Laudyn, and Mirosław A. Karpierz. "Chromium plasmonic polarizer for high intensity light." Photonics Letters of Poland 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v9i3.767.
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In this work, we investigate a thin-film polarizer for a high intensity of the electromagnetic (EM) beam based on Cr nano wire arrays. Commonly used thin-film polarizing components are very sensitive for high power of EM waves and can be easily damaged by focused beams. The solution to this problem could be the thin-film polarizer based on metallic subwavelengths structures. This type of optical element has huge resistance comparing to typical thin-film polarizers. However, designing such an optical element for proper wavelength of EM wave and transmissions is not easy task. In this paper we present numerical as well as experimental results for specially designed chromium thin-film polarizer for wavelength 532nm Full Text: PDF ReferencesW. Zhou, K. Li, C. Song, P. Hao, M. Chi, M. Yu and Y. Wu, "Polarization-independent and omnidirectional nearly perfect absorber with ultra-thin 2D subwavelength metal grating in the visible region", Opt. Express 23, 11 (2015). CrossRef W. L. Barnes, A . Dereux, and T. W. Ebbesen, "Surface plasmon subwavelength optics", Nature 424, 824-830 (2003). CrossRef C. Lee, E. Sim, D. Kim, "Blazed wire-grid polarizer for plasmon-enhanced polarization extinction: design and analysis", Opt. Express 25, 7 (2017). CrossRef A. Lehmuskero, Metallic thin film structures and polarization shaping gratings (University of Eastern Finland 2010).Y. Leroux, J. C. Lacroix, C. Fave, V. Stockhausen, N. Felidj, J. Grandm, A. Hohenau, J. R. Krenn, "Active plasmonic devices with anisotropic optical response: a step toward active polarizer", Nano Lett. 5, 9 (2009). CrossRef R. T. Perkins, D. P. Hansen, E. W. Gardner, J. M. Thorne, A. A. Robbins, Broadband wire grid polarizer for the visible spectrum, US 6122103 (2000). DirectLink D. M. Sullivan, Electromagnetic simulation using the FDTD method, New York: IEEE Press Series (2000). CrossRef J. P. Berenger, Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) for Computational Electromagnetics, Morgan & Claypool Publishers (2007). CrossRef Yu, W., and R. Mittra, "A conformal FDTD software package modeling antennas and microstrip circuit components", IEEE Antennas Propagat. Magazine 42, 28 (2000) . CrossRef L. W. Bos, D. W. Lynch, "Optical Properties of Antiferromagnetic Chromium and Dilute Cr-Mn and Cr-Re Alloys", Phys. Rev. Sect. B, 2, 4267 (1970). CrossRef
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Kuramochi, Takaho, Masaru Kawakami, Ajit Khosla, Yosuke Watanabe, Jun Ogawa, Nahin Islam Shiblee, and Hidemitsu Furukawa. "(Digital Presentation) Developing Meat Alternatives with Screw-Based 3D Food Printing." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 57 (July 7, 2022): 2371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01572371mtgabs.
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Food 3D printers are next generation devices that can fabricate food products with complex internal structures and external shapes, and are expected to be used as devices for producing food products with shapes and textures that meet people's preferences, but also provide requirement of seven essential factors for a balanced diet: carbs, protein, fat, fiber, vitamins, minerals, and water [1, 2]. The food 3D printer can handle two types of food at the same time, and since it can form food in two colors, it can make food that cannot be made with a syringe nozzle. On the other hand, there are concerns about the shortage of protein supply due to the increase in population, and alternative meats that are not derived from livestock are attracting attention [3]. Currently, there are few reports of research on alternative meats using food 3D printers, and in particular, 3D modeling of alternative meat that reproduces the texture of actual meat has not been done much. In this study, we have developed a food 3D printer technology that enables the modeling of alternative meat that reproduces the texture of actual meat. We have investigated the composition of alternative meat materials suitable for 3D printing based on soy protein, and the material properties of the dough using a rheometer. In future, we will report on the movement and layering during the 3D food printing process. References: [1] Shunsuke Suzuki, Masaru Kawakami, Hidemitsu Furukawa, ”Food proreties suitable for 3D printer and effect on printing precsion” Materials and processing conference, 2018 [2] Suzuki, Shunsuke, Jun Ogawa, Yosuke Watanabe, MD Nahin Islam Shiblee, Ajit Khosla, Masaru Kawakami, Jun Nango, and Hidemitsu Furukawa. "Texture Control of 3D Printing: Effect of Internal Structure of 3D Printed Foods on their Fracture Process in Compression." ECS Transactions 98, no. 13 (2020): 59. [3] Kodama, Mai, Ryo Ishigaki, Samiul Basher, Hiroyuki Sasaki, Azusa Saito, Masato Makino, Ajit Khosla, Masaru Kawakami, and Hidemitsu Furukawa. "3D printing of foods." In Nano-, Bio-, Info-Tech Sensors, and 3D Systems II, vol. 10597, p. 1059718. International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2018.
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Reu, Phillip L. "The Proposed Doppler Electron Velocimeter and the Need for Nanoscale Dynamics." Microscopy Today 15, no. 3 (May 2007): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500055504.
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As engineering challenges grow in the ever-shrinking world of nano-design, methods of making dynamic measurements of nano-materials and systems become more important. The Doppler electron velocimeter (DEV) is a new measurement concept motivated by the increasing importance of nano-dynamics. Nano-dynamics is defined in this context as any phenomenon that causes a dynamically changing phase in an electron beam, and includes traditional mechanical motion, as well as additional phenomena including changing magnetic and electric fields. The DEV is only a theoretical device at this point. This article highlights the importance of pursuing nano-dynamics and presents a case that the electron microscope and its associated optics are a viable test bed to develop this new measurement tool.
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von Gratowski, Svetlana, Victor Koledov, Zoya Kosakowskiya, Peter Lega, Andrey Orlov, and Monica A. Cotta. "Mechanical Bottom-up Nano-Assembling and Nano-Manipulation Using Shape Memory Alloy Nano-Gripper." Solid State Phenomena 323 (August 30, 2021): 130–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.323.130.
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The numerous 1-D and 2-D nanomaterials: nanotubes, nanowires (NWs), graphene, etc. were discovered, synthesized and intensively studied in the past decades. These nanomaterials had appeared to reveal the unique physical and functional properties allowing constructing the large number of nanodevice based on single nanoobjects. Recently many studies have led to a wide range of proof-of-concept of individual nanoscale devices including nanolasers, nanosensors, field-effect transistors (nanoFETs) and many others based on NWs, carbon nanotubes (CNT) and many other nanoobjects. Such nanodevices represent attractive building blocks for hierarchical assembly of microscale and macroscopic devices which are attractive for creating of micro-and –macro-devices and arrays by the bottom-up and hybrid paradigm. In this paper the conceptual survey is given of nowadays achievements in the field of mechanical bottom-up nanoassembling. We emphasize on the system based on smallest and the fastest in the World nanotweezer developed on the base of the new smart materials with shape memory effect for nanomanipulation of real nanoobjects. We discuss the recent experiments on nanomanipulation, nanoassembling and nanomanufacturing of nanoand micro-devices using this method, which in many cases can replaced very expensive “top-down” technologies.
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Raleva, Katerina, Dragica Vasileska, Stephen M. Goodnick, and Tomislav Dzekov. "Modeling thermal effects in nano-devices." Journal of Computational Electronics 7, no. 3 (January 25, 2008): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10825-008-0189-3.
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Vasileska, Dragica. "Modeling thermal effects in nano-devices." Microelectronic Engineering 109 (September 2013): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2013.03.058.
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