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Journal articles on the topic 'Nano-formulations for drug delivery'
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Zhou, Xingli, Ying Hao, Liping Yuan, Sushmita Pradhan, Krista Shrestha, Ojaswi Pradhan, Hongjie Liu, and Wei Li. "Nano-formulations for transdermal drug delivery: A review." Chinese Chemical Letters 29, no. 12 (December 2018): 1713–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cclet.2018.10.037.
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Xing, Yue, Peng Lu, Zhifeng Xue, Chunxia Liang, Bing Zhang, Dereje Kebebe, Hongfei Liu, and Zhidong Liu. "Nano-Strategies for Improving the Bioavailability of Inhaled Pharmaceutical Formulations." Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 20, no. 13 (August 20, 2020): 1258–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557520666200509235945.
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Pulmonary pharmaceutical formulations are targeted for the treatment of respiratory diseases. However, their application is limited due to the physiological characteristics of the lungs, such as branching structure, mucociliary and macrophages, as well as certain properties of the drugs like particle size and solubility. Nano-formulations can ameliorate particle sizes and improve drug solubility to enhance bioavailability in the lungs. The nano-formulations for lungs reviewed in this article can be classified into nanocarriers, no-carrier-added nanosuspensions and polymer-drug conjugates. Compared with conventional inhalation preparations, these novel pulmonary pharmaceutical formulations have their own advantages, such as increasing drug solubility for better absorption and less inflammatory reaction caused by the aggregation of insoluble drugs; prolonging pulmonary retention time and reducing drug clearance; improving the patient compliance by avoiding multiple repeated administrations. This review will provide the reader with some background information for pulmonary drug delivery and give an overview of the existing literature about nano-formulations for pulmonary application to explore nano-strategies for improving the bioavailability of pulmonary pharmaceutical formulations.
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Vohra, Manisha, Mohammad Amir, Amit Sharma, and Sheetu Wadhwa. "Formulation Strategies for Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery." Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology, Research and Management 10, no. 1 (May 7, 2022): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.15415/jptrm.2022.101008.
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Background: Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Dementia, and others are becoming more common globally due to people’s changing lifestyles. Furthermore, the presence of the Blood-Brain barrier and other limitations of oral and other routes of administration makes drug delivery to the brain somewhat tricky. As a result, numerous novel drug delivery systems are being developed for drug administration to the brain. However, nose-to-brain administration is one of the most effective, safe, and non-invasive methods. Purpose: To discuss nose-to-brain delivery as a novel drug delivery system in the treatment of various brain disorders and to provide information about various formulation strategies designed to deliver the drug to the brain effectively. Methods: A preliminary search was conducted in the PubMed, OVID Medline, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases using keywords such as “Intranasal delivery, nose-to-brain drug transport, formulations for intranasal delivery.” Results: Various marketed formulations for nose-to-brain drug delivery are listed in this review, like naringenin, donepezil, pentamidine, rivastigmine, efavirenz, desvenlafaxine, lamotrigine, haloperidol, nimodipine, olanzapine, valproic acid, ovalbumin, clonazepam, fentanyl citrate, nifedipine in the form of poloxamer chitosan-based nano-formulation, nano-emulsion, chitosan niosomes, chitosan containing emulsion, solid-lipid nanoparticles, PLGA-chitosan nanoparticles, solution, mucoadhesive microemulsion, nanostructured lipid carriers, cationic liposomes, peptide-attached liposomes, multimellar liposomes with their research findings in treating various brain disorders. Conclusion: This review discusses nose-to-brain drug delivery processes, the pathway for its action, advantages over other delivery routes, barriers to this system, and current formulation strategies for nose-to-brain transport.
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Donthi, Mahipal Reddy, Siva Ram Munnangi, Kowthavarapu Venkata Krishna, Ranendra Narayan Saha, Gautam Singhvi, and Sunil Kumar Dubey. "Nanoemulgel: A Novel Nano Carrier as a Tool for Topical Drug Delivery." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 1 (January 3, 2023): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15010164.
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Nano-emulgel is an emerging drug delivery system intended to enhance the therapeutic profile of lipophilic drugs. Lipophilic formulations have a variety of limitations, which includes poor solubility, unpredictable absorption, and low oral bioavailability. Nano-emulgel, an amalgamated preparation of different systems aims to deal with these limitations. The novel system prepared by the incorporation of nano-emulsion into gel improves stability and enables drug delivery for both immediate and controlled release. The focus on nano-emulgel has also increased due to its ability to achieve targeted delivery, ease of application, absence of gastrointestinal degradation or the first pass metabolism, and safety profile. This review focuses on the formulation components of nano-emulgel for topical drug delivery, pharmacokinetics and safety profiles.
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Leong, Moong Yan, Yeo Lee Kong, Kevin Burgess, Won Fen Wong, Gautam Sethi, and Chung Yeng Looi. "Recent Development of Nanomaterials for Transdermal Drug Delivery." Biomedicines 11, no. 4 (April 7, 2023): 1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11041124.
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Nano-engineered medical products first appeared in the last decade. The current research in this area focuses on developing safe drugs with minimal adverse effects associated with the pharmacologically active cargo. Transdermal drug delivery, an alternative to oral administration, offers patient convenience, avoids first-pass hepatic metabolism, provides local targeting, and reduces effective drug toxicities. Nanomaterials provide alternatives to conventional transdermal drug delivery including patches, gels, sprays, and lotions, but it is crucial to understand the transport mechanisms involved. This article reviews the recent research trends in transdermal drug delivery and emphasizes the mechanisms and nano-formulations currently in vogue.
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Nagar, Mohit. "Review on Nano-Emulsion Drug Delivery System and Formulation, Evaluation and Their Pharmaceutical Applications." International Journal Of Health Care And Nursing 2, no. 1 (July 27, 2023): 35–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.55938/ijhcn.v2i1.43.
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Nano-emulsion drug delivery system such as develop to eliminate the limitations with traditional drug administration system. This review provided a good overview of the recent advances in the Nano-emulsion drug delivery system. These are nano-sized submicron emulsions developed to enhanced the circulates of active pharmaceutical ingredients to targeted site. Nano-emulsion is a homogeneous mixture of lipid and aqueous phase and stabilization is obtained through the use of an effective substance such as emulsifying agents. The droplet size has been range between the 50-500 nm. The size and shape of the substance distributed throughout the usual process differentiates of emulsion, micro-emulsion, and nano-emulsion. Nano-emulsion gives a novel dosage form for less water solubility drugs and increases pharmacological activity of drugs. Nano-emulsion is used in the future cosmetic industry, diagnostic testing, drug treatment, and biotechnology. This analysis aims to include brief information on the nano-emulsion, advantages, disadvantages, limitations of nano-emulsion, types of nano-emulsion, components of formulations, surface active agents (Surfactant), preparation methods, characterization methods with strong attention of different pharmaceutical applications of nano-emulsion in a different area such as cancer and tumors therapy, targeted drug delivery, mucosal vaccine, trans-dermal drug delivery system.
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Pandya, Tosha, Kaushika Kaushika Patel, Rudree Pathak, and Shreeraj Shah. "Liposomal Formulations In Cancer Therapy: Passive Versus Active Targeting." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development 7, no. 2 (April 14, 2019): 35–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v7i2.489.
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In Cancer therapy, Nano drug delivery system comprising of Liposomes, are the most successful mode of treatment in present scenario which also has real time clinical application. Recently it is found that the closed bilayer phospholipid vesicles have many technical advantages over the initially used liposomal formulations. The delivery of therapeutics encapsulated in liposomes changes the biological distribution profile and improves the drug therapeutic indices of various drugs. This review article throws light onto many clinical liposomal drug delivery products. The liposome Nano drug delivery by the active and passive targeting is a boon as it can reduce the off-targeting effects. The current development is more focused on the diagnostic and clinical applications. Receptor targeted delivery systems are extensively explored for active targeting. However, these delivery systems are rarely seen in the clinical application because of conjugation chemistry and other implicit hurdles to develop this system.The development of nanocarriers in the cancer treatment have enormous potential in the medical field. Moreover, Immuno liposomes have been used in cancer treatment as attractive drug targeting vehicles. On the other hand, there are many other liposomal drug delivery systems having passive targeting mechanism for cancer treatment which are widely used due to enhanced retention and permeability of formulation. This review majorly focuses on the current challenges encountered in development of liposomal Nano drug delivery systems and its effective development for cancer treatment.
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Kotta, Sabna, Navneet Sharma, Prateek Raturi, Mohd Aleem, and Rakesh Kumar Sharma. "Exploring Novel Strategies for Lipid-Based Drug Delivery." Journal of Nanotoxicology and Nanomedicine 3, no. 1 (January 2018): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jnn.2018010101.
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Currently, the concept of lipid-based drug delivery systems has gained much interest because of their capability to deliver drugs which dissolve sparingly in water or insoluble in nature. Several methods of lipid-based drug delivery exist, and each method has its own advantages as well as limitations. The primary objective of the formulation development is to improve the bioavailability of the drug. The nano-sized lipid-based drug delivery systems have enough potential to do so. This article addresses the various barriers to the transportation of drugs through certain routes and also the common excipients which used to develop the lipid-based drug delivery systems. It provides a thorough overview of the lipid formulation classification scheme (LFCS) and also deals with several formulation & evaluation aspects of lipid-based drug delivery system. Further, it focuses on the formulations which are already available in the market and their regulatory concerns, respectively.
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Mantry, Shubhrajit, Shubham Shinde, Sahil Shaikh, Sumit Joshi, and Ganesh Dama. "Emerging Implementation of Nano-Suspension Technology for Delivery of Poorly Soluble Drug for the Treatment of Helminths Disease." International Journal of Current Research and Review 14, no. 06 (2022): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31782/ijcrr.2022.14607.
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Anthelmintics are medications that are used to treat parasitic worm infections. This comprises flat worms like flukes and tapeworms as well as round worms like nematodes. They are critical for human tropical medicine. Nano-suspensions are one of the many applications of nanotechnology. Nano-suspensions are liquid formulations that feature submicron colloidal dispersion of pharmaceutical active component particles stabilised by surfactants. Nano-suspension technology is a novel and cost-effective method for improving the bioavailability of hydrophobic medicines, particularly those that are poorly soluble in aqueous solutions. Nano-suspensions play a significant role in the development of new medication formulations. High pressure homogenizers, emulsion solvent evaporation, melt emulsification technique, and nanoprecipitation are all used to make nano-suspensions. Particle size, zeta potential, drug content, and in vitro drug dissolution were all examined for the nano-suspensions. Poorly soluble drugs can benefit from nano-suspension technology to improve their stability and bioavailability. The bioavailability of nano-suspension was also tested in mice, which showed that the particle size distribution of nano-suspension was considerably affected by bioavailability. The rate of anthelmintic nano-suspension dissolution was substantially higher than that of raw drug powder. In vivo pharmacokinetic characteristics of nano-suspension indicated a substantial increase in Cmax and AUC(0-t) when compared to pure drug. When compared to pure drug bioavailability, anthelmintic nano-suspension had a greater oral bioavailability.
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Gupta, Chetna, Aadya Jaipuria, and Nikesh Gupta. "Inhalable Formulations to Treat Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): Recent Therapies and Developments." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 1 (December 31, 2022): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15010139.
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Cancer has been the leading cause of mortalities, with lung cancer contributing 18% to overall deaths. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for about 85% of all lung cancers. The primary form of therapy used to treat lung cancer still includes oral and systemic administration of drugs, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. Some patients have to go through a regime of combination therapy. Despite being the only available form of therapy, their use is limited due to the adverse effects, toxicity, and development of resistance over prolonged use. This led to a shift and progressive evolution into using pulmonary drug delivery systems. Being a non-invasive method of drug-administration and allowing localized delivery of drugs to cancer cells, inhalable drug delivery systems can lead to lower dosing and fewer systemic toxicities over other conventional routes. In this way, we can increase the actual local concentration of the drug in lungs, which will ultimately lead to better antitumor therapy. Nano-based systems also provide additional diagnostic advantages during lung cancer treatment, including imaging, screening, and tracking. Regardless of the advantages, pulmonary delivery is still in the early stages of development and various factors such as pharmacology, immunology, and toxicology should be taken into consideration for the development of suitable inhalable nano-based chemotherapeutic drugs. They face numerous physiological barriers such as lung retention and efficacy, and could also lead to toxicity due to prolonged exposure. Nano-carriers with a sustained drug release mechanism could help in overcoming these challenges. This review article will focus on the various inhalable formulations for targeted drug delivery, including nano-based delivery systems such as lipids, liposome, polymeric and inorganic nanocarriers, micelles, microparticles and nanoaggregates for lung cancer treatment. Various devices used in pulmonary drug delivery loaded on various nano-carriers are also discussed in detail.
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Kumari, Sapna, Anju Goyal, and Madhukar Garg. "Phytoconstituents Based Novel Nano-Formulations: An Approach." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 7365–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.7365ecst.
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Over the last few eras, plant-based drugs have been receiving extensive attention as these were used from the ancient times for the cure of diseases. However, the dose accuracy, dose efficacy, and treatment has been based on the observed symptoms only. Instead of crude drug, current research mainly focused on medicinal active phytoconstituents. Several novel drug formulations like nano-capsules, polymer micelles, liposomes, nanogel, phytosomes, nano-emulsions, transferosomes, microsphere, ethosomes, injectable hydrogels, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers etc. has been developed using bioactive molecules and plant extracts. The tremendous applications of the novel formulations are enhancement in solubility, therapeutic efficacy, bioavailability, stability, tissue distribution, protection from physical and chemical damage, and sustained and targeted delivery. Most of the material used are eco-friendly, biodegradable, plant-based material and bioadhesive, that provide extensive benefits as well as distinctive size to the nano-formulations. The present review is a concise representation of various herbal bioactive nano-formulations and pharmacological activity.
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Cao, Yifeng, Yifeng Ma, Yi Tao, Weifeng Lin, and Ping Wang. "Intra-Articular Drug Delivery for Osteoarthritis Treatment." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 12 (December 15, 2021): 2166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122166.
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent degenerative joint disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Currently, clinical nonsurgical treatments of OA are only limited to pain relief, anti-inflammation, and viscosupplementation. Developing disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) is highly demanded for the efficient treatment of OA. As OA is a local disease, intra-articular (IA) injection directly delivers drugs to synovial joints, resulting in high-concentration drugs in the joint and reduced side effects, accompanied with traditional oral or topical administrations. However, the injected drugs are rapidly cleaved. By properly designing the drug delivery systems, prolonged retention time and targeting could be obtained. In this review, we summarize the drugs investigated for OA treatment and recent advances in the IA drug delivery systems, including micro- and nano-particles, liposomes, and hydrogels, hoping to provide some information for designing the IA injected formulations.
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Bao, Jianwei, Qianqian Zhang, Tijie Duan, Rongfeng Hu, and Jihui Tang. "The Fate of Nanoparticles In Vivo and the Strategy of Designing Stealth Nanoparticle for Drug Delivery." Current Drug Targets 22, no. 8 (June 1, 2021): 922–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389450122666210118105122.
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Nano-drug delivery systems (Nano-DDS) offer powerful advantages in drug delivery and targeted therapy for diseases. Compared to the traditional drug formulations, Nano-DDS can increase solubility, biocompatibility, and reduce off-targeted side effects of free drugs. However, they still have some disadvantages that pose a limitation in reaching their full potential in clinical use. Protein adsorption in blood, activation of the complement system, and subsequent sequestration by the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) consequently result in nanoparticles (NPs) to be rapidly cleared from circulation. Therefore, NPs have low drug delivery efficiency. So, it is important to develop stealth NPs for reducing bio–nano interaction. In this review, we first conclude the interaction between NPs and biological environments, such as blood proteins and MPS, and factors influencing each other. Next, we will summarize the new strategies to reduce NPs protein adsorption and uptake by the MPS based on current knowledge of the bio–nano interaction. Further directions will also be highlighted for the development of biomimetic stealth nano-delivery systems by combining targeted strategies for a better therapeutic effect.
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Khiev, Dawin, Zeinab A. Mohamed, Riddhi Vichare, Ryan Paulson, Sofia Bhatia, Subhra Mohapatra, Glenn P. Lobo, et al. "Emerging Nano-Formulations and Nanomedicines Applications for Ocular Drug Delivery." Nanomaterials 11, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 173. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010173.
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Ocular diseases can deteriorate vision to the point of blindness and thus can have a major impact on the daily life of an individual. Conventional therapies are unable to provide absolute therapy for all ocular diseases due to the several limitations during drug delivery across the blood-retinal barrier, making it a major clinical challenge. With recent developments, the vast number of publications undergird the need for nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems in treating ocular diseases. The tool of nanotechnology provides several essential advantages, including sustained drug release and specific tissue targeting. Additionally, comprehensive in vitro and in vivo studies have suggested a better uptake of nanoparticles across ocular barriers. Nanoparticles can overcome the blood-retinal barrier and consequently increase ocular penetration and improve the bioavailability of the drug. In this review, we aim to summarize the development of organic and inorganic nanoparticles for ophthalmic applications. We highlight the potential nanoformulations in clinical trials as well as the products that have become a commercial reality.
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Rozi, Mohamad Faeznudin, and Awis Sukarni Mohmad Sabere. "Review on Conventional and Novel Topical Ocular Drug Delivery System." Journal of Pharmacy 1, no. 1 (January 8, 2021): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/jop.v1i1.32.
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Ocular drug delivery is a very challenging area for ophthalmologists and drug delivery scientists due to the structural and barrier complexity of the eye. Barriers such as different layers of cornea, sclera, conjunctival blood flow, and tear dilution limit the efficacy of drug delivery to the anterior part of the eye in addition to more barriers present to the posterior part. Due to these, scientists have designed and studied various delivery systems to increase drug delivery and treatment efficacy to the eye. Among conventional ocular drug delivery systems, ophthalmic solution or eye drop is widely used and preferred by consumers. Conventional dosage forms available in the market are emulsion, suspension, ointment and polymeric gels. Several ocular formulations such as nano-formulations, liposomes, ocular inserts, and ocular mini-tablets are also being widely studied as future treatments to improve ocular drug delivery and as an alternative to conventional drug delivery. This review intends to summarise several conventional and novel topical formulations for ocular drug delivery.
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Arifin, Siti Fariza, AbdulKareem AlShami, Sharifah Shakirah Syed Omar, Azri Abd Jalil, Kamarul Ariffin Khalid, and Hazrina Hadi. "Impact of Modern Technology on the Development of Natural-based Products." Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 5, no. 4 (January 15, 2020): 133–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jahm.2019.5404.
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Advanced drug delivery systems such as liposomes, niosomes, ethosomes and phytosomes significantly influence the quality of synthetic drug formulations. However, the trend is now shifting towards natural-based moieties, most probably because of their promising therapeutic responses, and considerably lower incidence of side effects and toxicity issues. The effectiveness of herbal plant formulations in nano-sized particles in the delivery of active compounds is increased since nanoparticles offer a larger surface area and promote longer contact time with the surfaces of the targeted sites. Thus, nanoparticles allow the sustained release of small amounts of active compounds and the optimization of the dosing frequency of the drug. The implementation of nanotechnology in the development of natural-based products is able to enhance the delivery of plant extracts and active phytochemicals to the targeted sites. In fact, maximum therapeutic outcomes can be achieved since the herbal formulations are more stable compared to traditional preparations. The development of herbal formulations in modern drug delivery systems will be further discussed in this review. The possible improvement of phytosomes is highlighted in order to give future insights into improvising phytosomes as a targeted drug carrier system. A compilation of evidence-based studies involving the nanotechnology of herbal formulations is summarized accordingly. The use of modern technology in herbal drug delivery systems has been growing in past decades and needs to be further explored by scientists. Hence, at the end of this review, a brief summary is given of a few success stories regarding modern nano formulations that have been commercialized by leading herbal companies and which can be considered as great achievements in this field. Thus, this review is aimed at exploring the use of nanotechnology in drug delivery systems and discusses their contribution to the design of modern herbal formulations.
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Rudrapal, Mithun, Ashwini K. Mishra, Laxmi Rani, Khomendra K. Sarwa, James H. Zothantluanga, Johra Khan, Mehnaz Kamal, et al. "Nanodelivery of Dietary Polyphenols for Therapeutic Applications." Molecules 27, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 8706. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248706.
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Advancement in nanotechnology has unleashed the therapeutic potentials of dietary polyphenols by enhancing bioavailability, improving biological half-life, and allowing site-specific drug delivery. In this review, through citation of relevant literature reports, we discuss the application of nano-pharmaceutical formulations, such as solid lipid nanoparticles, nano-emulsions, nano-crystals, nano-polymersomes, liposomes, ethosomes, phytosomes, and invasomes for dietary polyphenols. Following this, we highlight important studies concerning different combinations of nano formulations with dietary polyphenols (also known as nanophytopolyphenols). We also provide nano-formulation paradigms for enhancing the physicochemical properties of dietary polyphenols. Finally, we highlight the latest patents that were granted on nano-formulations of dietary polyphenols. Based on our review, we observe that nanosized delivery of herbal constituents, spices, and dietary supplements have the ability to improve biological processes and address issues connected with herbal treatments.
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Patil, Rima Ramesh. "NANO-CARRIER BASED DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS CONTAINING BIOACTIVE FROM CARICA PAPAYA FOR ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY." Journal of Medical pharmaceutical and allied sciences 11, no. 6 (November 15, 2021): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jmpas.v10i6.1907.
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Significant progress has been achieved in the creation of novel drug delivery systems based on herbal bioactive in recent years. Herbal formulations for novel drug delivery systems are more efficient and have more benefits than other alternatives. Papaya (Carica papaya Linn) is very popular for its nutritious as well as therapeutic benefits all over the world. Carica papaya is a tropical and subtropical fruit that is used as a vegetable and in herbal medicine to treat a variety of ailments. The rising prevalence of diabetes, along with the harsh side effects of some synthetic drugs, has prompted an increase in the search for natural alternatives. Liposomes, phytosomes, ethosomes microspheres, nano-capsules, transferosomes, polymeric nanoparticles, nano-emulsions, and nano-emulsions have all been developed using bioactive and plant extracts. The primary motivation for the advancement of alternative drug delivery is to improve drug delivery quality and safety while also providing greater patient comfort.
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Mukhopadhyay, Sayantan, and Pragati Trivedi. "Recent Advances in Nanogels in Drug Delivery Systems." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 5278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2021.14.1.3.
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Over the last decades, the development of nanotechnology has caused great advances and growth in the field of nanoparticle-based medical sciences, especially in the area of drug delivery. These novel nano based systems can either be therapeutic agents themselves, or else act as vehicles to carry different active pharmaceutical agents into specific parts of the body. Keeping the point in thoughts it is believed that the tagging of presently used therapeutic compounds to nanocarriers will likely lead to improved approaches for enlightening the drug activity of these therapeutic compounds and suggestively improves our aptitude to treat numerous human diseases and would be an aid to tissue regeneration, wound healing, and surgical devices. Here in this report we are specifically taking Nanogel into consideration, Nanogels are one of the techniques in nanotechnology which has been most prevalent in successful medication delivery inside the body and in addition topical treatment, nanogel and hydrogel formulations have shown promising advantages for topical and trans-mucosal routes of administration. The nanoparticle drug within the gel matrix showed significant enhancement in the permeation of drugs in the topical and transdermal drug delivery. The quest of this review article is to understand why nanogel is a revolutionary drug delivery system, methods to prepare them, applications in biomedical and pharmaceutical discipline, mechanism of drug release from nanogel carrier, features and advantages of nanogels, the main characteristics, such as: swelling capacity, stimuli sensitivity, the great surface area, functionalization, bioconjugation and encapsulation of bioactive substances, which are taken into account in designing the structures according to the application; some data on the advantages and limitations of the formulation also investigate different approved nano formulations currently on the market, and briefly cover the challenges and future outlook as Nano carrier systems.
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Naveen Kumar C, Latha K, Keerthi G, Nithila P, and Padmavathi R. "Enhancement of solubility and permeability of cefpodoxime proxetil by self-micro-emulsifying drug delivery system." International Journal of Life Science Research Archive 2, no. 2 (April 30, 2022): 009–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.53771/ijlsra.2022.2.2.0075.
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The goal of this study was to design Cefpodoxime Proxetil SMEDDS (self-microemulsifying drug delivery system), to improve solubility and permeability which could improve therapeutic performance and drug loading capacity. Castor oil, Tween 80, PEG 400 were used as the oil, surfactant, and, co-surfactant respectively. A ternary phase diagram was used to choose the best formulations. Selected formulations were evaluated for various parameters. According to the findings, all SMEDDS formulations had nano-sized globules, good stability, and rapid dispersibility of microemulsions, which were clear and slightly bluish in colour, and no symptoms of phase separation, creaming or, cracking Intestinal permeability studies of SMEDDS formulations show that the drug diffused through a biological membrane is more when given in form of SMEDDS. The present investigation has shown that it is possible to enhance the solubility and permeability of poorly soluble drugs.
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Ramkar, Shweta, Abhishek K. Sah, Nagendra Bhuwane, Ishwari Choudhary, Narayan Hemnani, and Preeti K. Suresh. "Nano-Lipidic Carriers as a Tool for Drug Targeting to the Pilosebaceous Units." Current Pharmaceutical Design 26, no. 27 (August 25, 2020): 3251–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612826666200515133142.
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The pilosebaceous unit is the triad comprising of hair follicle, arrector pilli muscle, and sebaceous gland. Drug delivery to and through the hair follicles has garnered much attention of the researchers and the hair follicles represent an attractive target site via topical applications. They are bordered by capillaries and antigenpresenting cells, connected to the sebaceous glands and the bulge region of the hair follicle anchors the stem cells. The nano lipid carriers have the propensity to penetrate through the skin via transcellular route, intracellular route and follicular route. It has been established that nano lipid carriers have the potential for follicular drug delivery and provide some advantages over conventional pathways, including improved bioavailability, enhanced penetration depth, fast transport into the skin, tissue targeting and form a drug reservoir for prolonged release. This review describes the pilosebaceous unit (PSU) and related diseases and the recent lipid-based nanotechnology approaches for drug delivery to the follicular unit as well as related issues. Different types of nano lipid carriers, including ethosomes, liposomes, nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and nano lipid carriers (NLCs) have been reported for follicular drug delivery. Targeted drug delivery with nano-lipid carriers has the potential to augment the efficacy of drugs/bioactives to treat diseases of PSU. This review systematically introduces the activities of different formulations and the use of nano lipid carriers in treating PSU related disorders like alopecia, acne, and hirsutism.
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Sun, Wujin, Quanyin Hu, Wenyan Ji, Grace Wright, and Zhen Gu. "Leveraging Physiology for Precision Drug Delivery." Physiological Reviews 97, no. 1 (January 2017): 189–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00015.2016.
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Physiological characteristics of diseases bring about both challenges and opportunities for targeted drug delivery. Various drug delivery platforms have been devised ranging from macro- to micro- and further into the nanoscopic scale in the past decades. Recently, the favorable physicochemical properties of nanomaterials, including long circulation, robust tissue and cell penetration attract broad interest, leading to extensive studies for therapeutic benefits. Accumulated knowledge about the physiological barriers that affect the in vivo fate of nanomedicine has led to more rational guidelines for tailoring the nanocarriers, such as size, shape, charge, and surface ligands. Meanwhile, progresses in material chemistry and molecular pharmaceutics generate a panel of physiological stimuli-responsive modules that are equipped into the formulations to prepare “smart” drug delivery systems. The capability of harnessing physiological traits of diseased tissues to control the accumulation of or drug release from nanomedicine has further improved the controlled drug release profiles with a precise manner. Successful clinical translation of a few nano-formulations has excited the collaborative efforts from the research community, pharmaceutical industry, and the public towards a promising future of smart drug delivery.
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Imperlini, Esther, Christian Celia, Armando Cevenini, Annalisa Mandola, Maddalena Raia, Massimo Fresta, Stefania Orrù, Luisa Di Marzio, and Francesco Salvatore. "Nano-bio interface between human plasma and niosomes with different formulations indicates protein corona patterns for nanoparticle cell targeting and uptake." Nanoscale 13, no. 10 (2021): 5251–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr07229j.
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George, Archana, Priyanka A. Shah, and Pranav S. Shrivastav. "Natural biodegradable polymers based nano-formulations for drug delivery: A review." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 561 (April 2019): 244–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.03.011.
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Ji, Hao, Renyi Peng, Libo Jin, Jiahui Ma, Qinsi Yang, Da Sun, and Wei Wu. "Recent Advances in ROS-Sensitive Nano-Formulations for Atherosclerosis Applications." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 9 (September 11, 2021): 1452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13091452.
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Over the past decade, ROS-sensitive formulations have been widely used in atherosclerosis applications such as ROS scavenging, drug delivery, gene delivery, and imaging. The intensified interest in ROS-sensitive formulations is attributed to their unique self-adaptive properties, involving the main molecular mechanisms of solubility switch and degradation under the pathological ROS differences in atherosclerosis. This review outlines the advances in the use of ROS-sensitive formulations in atherosclerosis applications during the past decade, especially highlighting the general design requirements in relation to biomedical functional performance.
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Sharadha M, Gowda D V, Vishal Gupta N, and Akhila A R. "An overview on topical drug delivery system – Updated review." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2020): 368–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i1.1831.
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The paper reviews an overview of a conventional and novel approach in the topical drug delivery system. Drug delivery via the skin is becoming progressively popular due to its convenience and affordability. The skin is the most important mechanical barrier to the penetration of many drug substances and acts as an ideal site to deliver the drug both locally and systemically. The topical route has been a favored route of drug administration over the last decades. Despite conventional topical drug delivery systems limits in poor retention and low bioavailability. This drawback overcomes by extensive research to develop a novel topical drug delivery systems targeting to improve the safety, efficacy and to minimize side effects. The conventional review focuses on dusting powders, poultices, plasters, lotion, liniments, solution, emulsion, suspension, colloidions, tinctures, creams, gels, ointments, pastes, suppositories, transdermal delivery systems, tapes, and gauzes and rubbing alcohol while the novel review focuses on novel gels, aerosol foams, microsponges, muco-adhesive bio-adhesives, novel vesicular carriers, nano-emulsion & nano-emulgel, protein and peptide delivery, polymers, emulsifier-free formulations and fullerenes etc. The key purpose of a topical delivery system is to enhance the skin permeability and to retain in the dermis. This review addresses a basis for further advancement and up-gradation of current techniques and technologies.
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Neupane, Rabin, Sai H. S. Boddu, Mariam Sami Abou-Dahech, Rinda Devi Bachu, David Terrero, R. Jayachandra Babu, and Amit K. Tiwari. "Transdermal Delivery of Chemotherapeutics: Strategies, Requirements, and Opportunities." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 7 (June 26, 2021): 960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13070960.
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Chemotherapeutic drugs are primarily administered to cancer patients via oral or parenteral routes. The use of transdermal drug delivery could potentially be a better alternative to decrease the dose frequency and severity of adverse or toxic effects associated with oral or parenteral administration of chemotherapeutic drugs. The transdermal delivery of drugs has shown to be advantageous for the treatment of highly localized tumors in certain types of breast and skin cancers. In addition, the transdermal route can be used to deliver low-dose chemotherapeutics in a sustained manner. The transdermal route can also be utilized for vaccine design in cancer management, for example, vaccines against cervical cancer. However, the design of transdermal formulations may be challenging in terms of the conjugation chemistry of the molecules and the sustained and reproducible delivery of therapeutically efficacious doses. In this review, we discuss the nano-carrier systems, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, etc., used in recent literature to deliver chemotherapeutic agents. The advantages of transdermal route over oral and parenteral routes for popular chemotherapeutic drugs are summarized. Furthermore, we also discuss a possible in silico approach, Formulating for Efficacy™, to design transdermal formulations that would probably be economical, robust, and more efficacious.
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Platon, Vera-Maria, Brindusa Dragoi, and Luminita Marin. "Erythromycin Formulations—A Journey to Advanced Drug Delivery." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 10 (October 13, 2022): 2180. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102180.
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Erythromycin (ERY) is a macrolide compound with a broad antimicrobial spectrum which is currently being used to treat a large number of bacterial infections affecting the skin, respiratory tract, intestines, bones and other systems, proving great value from a clinical point of view. It became popular immediately after its discovery in 1952, due to its therapeutic effect against pathogens resistant to other drugs. Despite this major advantage, ERY exhibits several drawbacks, raising serious clinical challenges. Among them, the very low solubility in water and instability under acidic conditions cause a limited efficacy and bioavailability. Apart from this, higher doses promote drug resistance and undesirable effects. In order to overcome these disadvantages, during the past decades, a large variety of ERY formulations, including nanoparticles, have emerged. Despite the interest in ERY-(nano)formulations, a review on them is lacking. Therefore, this work was aimed at reviewing all efforts made to encapsulate ERY in formulations of various chemical compositions, sizes and morphologies. In addition, their preparation/synthesis, physico-chemical properties and performances were carefully analysed. Limitations of these studies, particularly the quantification of ERY, are discussed as well.
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Singh, Sukhbir, Neelam Sharma, Tapan Behl, Bidhan Chandra Sarkar, Hasi Rani Saha, Kanika Garg, Supriya Kamari Singh, et al. "Promising Strategies of Colloidal Drug Delivery-Based Approaches in Psoriasis Management." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 11 (November 22, 2021): 1978. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13111978.
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Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder that moderately affects social and interpersonal relationships. Conventional treatments for psoriasis have certain problems, such as poor drug penetration through the skin, hyper-pigmentation, and a burning sensation on normal and diseased skin. Colloidal drug delivery systems overcome the pitfalls of conventional approaches for psoriasis therapeutics and have improved patient safety parameters, compliance, and superior effectiveness. They also entail reduced toxicity. This comprehensive review’s topics include the pathogenesis of psoriasis, causes and types of psoriasis, conventional treatment alternatives for psoriasis, the need for colloidal drug delivery systems, and recent studies in colloidal drug delivery systems for the treatment of psoriasis. This review briefly describes colloidal drug delivery approaches, such as emulsion systems—i.e., multiple emulsion, microemulsion, and nano-emulsion; vesicular systems—i.e., liposomes, ethosomes, noisomes, and transferosomes; and particulate systems—i.e., solid lipid nanoparticles, solid lipid microparticles, nano-structured lipid carriers, dendrimers, nanocrystals, polymeric nanoparticles, and gold nanoparticles. The review was compiled through an extensive search of the literature through the PubMed, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect databases. A survey of literature revealed seven formulations based upon emulsion systems, six vesicular drug delivery systems, and fourteen particulate systems reported for antipsoriatic drugs. Based on the literature studies of colloidal approaches for psoriasis management carried out in recent years, it has been concluded that colloidal pharmaceutical formulations could be investigated broadly and have a broad scope for effective management of many skin disorders in the coming decades.
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Ponto, Thellie, Gemma Latter, Giuseppe Luna, Vânia R. Leite-Silva, Anthony Wright, and Heather A. E. Benson. "Novel Self-Nano-Emulsifying Drug Delivery Systems Containing Astaxanthin for Topical Skin Delivery." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 5 (May 3, 2021): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13050649.
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Astaxanthin (ASX) is a potent lipophilic antioxidant derived from the natural pigment that gives marine animals their distinctive red-orange colour and confers protection from ultraviolet radiation. Self nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have been successfully developed and evaluated to increase the skin penetration of ASX and target its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential to the epidermis and dermis. SNEDDS were prepared using a low-temperature spontaneous emulsification method, and their physical characteristics, stability, antioxidant activity, and skin penetration were characterized. Terpenes (D-limonene, geraniol, and farnesol) were included in the SNEDDS formulations to evaluate their potential skin penetration enhancement. An HPLC assay was developed that allowed ASX recovery from skin tissues and quantification. All SNEDDS formulations had droplets in the 20 nm range, with low polydispersity. ASX stability over 28 days storage in light and dark conditions was improved and antioxidant activity was high. SNEDDS-L1 (no terpene) gave significantly increased ASX penetration to the stratum corneum (SC) and the epidermis-dermis-follicle region (E + D + F) compared to an ASX in oil solution and a commercial ASX facial serum product. The SNEDDS-containing D-limonene gave the highest ASX permeation enhancement, with 3.34- and 3.79-fold the amount in the SC and E + D + F, respectively, compared to a similar applied dose of ASX in oil. We concluded that SNEDDS provide an effective formulation strategy for enhanced skin penetration of a highly lipophilic molecule, and when applied to ASX, have the potential to provide topical formulations for UV protection, anti-aging, and inflammatory conditions of the skin.
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Singh, Dilpreet, Ashok K. Tiwary, and Neena Bedi. "Self-microemulsifying Drug Delivery System for Problematic Molecules: An Update." Recent Patents on Nanotechnology 13, no. 2 (November 18, 2019): 92–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1872210513666190619102521.
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Background: The poor bioavailability of a problematic molecule is predominantly due to its high lipophilicity, low solubility in gastric fluids and/or high fist pass metabolism. Self microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS), a lipidic type IV nano-formulation has been of interest in the field of pharmaceutical research due to its potential for tailoring the physicochemical properties of pharmaceutical molecules. Methods: This review provides insights on various recent innovations and reports from the past seven years (2012-2019) of self-emulsifying formulations for the delivery of various types of poorly soluble drugs, phytoconstituents and high molecular peptides and gives exhaustive details of the outcome of the endeavors in this field. Results: Various types of innovative formulations have been molded from SMEDDS like selfemulsifying powders, granules, tablets, pellets, eutectic and cationic formulations. Till date, many research reports and patents have been filed on self-emulsifying dosage forms and many formulations have gained US-FDA approvals which are summarized in the review article. Conclusion: This review content highlighted the increasing scope of SMEDDS in augmenting the physiochemical properties of an API, the variegated formulation types and the attributes of API that can be improved by SMEDD based formulations.
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Qadir, Abdul, Samreen Jahan, Mohd Aqil, Musarrat Husain Warsi, Nabil A. Alhakamy, Mohamed A. Alfaleh, Nausheen Khan, and Athar Ali. "Phytochemical-Based Nano-Pharmacotherapeutics for Management of Burn Wound Healing." Gels 7, no. 4 (November 13, 2021): 209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7040209.
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Medicinal plants have been used since ancient times for their various therapeutic activities and are safer compared to modern medicines, especially when properly identifying and preparing them and choosing an adequate dose administration. The phytochemical compounds present in plants are progressively yielding evidence in modern drug delivery systems by treating various diseases like cancers, coronary heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, inflammation, microbial, viral and parasitic infections, psychotic diseases, spasmodic conditions, ulcers, etc. The phytochemical requires a rational approach to deliver the compounds to enhance the efficacy and to improve patients’ compatibility. Nanotechnology is emerging as one of the most promising strategies in disease control. Nano-formulations could target certain parts of the body and control drug release. Different studies report that phytochemical-loaded nano-formulations have been tested successfully both in vitro and in vivo for healing of skin wounds. The use of nano systems as drug carriers may reduce the toxicity and enhance the bioavailability of the incorporated drug. In this review, we focus on various nano-phytomedicines that have been used in treating skin burn wounds, and how both nanotechnology and phytochemicals are effective for treating skin burns.
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Mohd Azharuddin, Theivendren Panner Selvam, Maya Sharma, and Jayesh Dwivedi. "Formulation and Evaluation of Brimonidine Maleate Nanolipid in Situ Gel." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, no. 4 (December 22, 2020): 7071–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i4.3827.
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The main objective of present research work was aimed to formulate and evaluate the nano lipid-based drug delivery system by incorporating a brimonidine maleate drug for ocular therapy. The patient can be improved by preparing nano lipid in situ gel as a vehicle by reducing the frequency of administration and increasing the ocular bioavailability. Nanolipids were prepared by film hydration technique and then prepared nanolipids were incorporated into insitu gel by using various polymers like Carbopol 940 and HPMC K15M with different concentration. The various formulations prepared showed excellent and effective results for visual appearance, pH, and gellation study. It was further observed that formulations had entrapment efficiency within the range of 67.20% to 97.3% for brimonidine maleate loaded insitu gel formulations. F1 entrapment efficiency was found to be 97.3% and shown maximum when compared with other formulations. From the drug release data, it was found that F1 (99.0%) shows maximum drug release compare to other formulations.
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Kumari, Sapna, Anju Goyal, Eda Sönmez Gürer, Evren Algın Yapar, Madhukar Garg, Meenakshi Sood, and Rakesh K. Sindhu. "Bioactive Loaded Novel Nano-Formulations for Targeted Drug Delivery and Their Therapeutic Potential." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 5 (May 19, 2022): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14051091.
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Plant-based medicines have received a lot of attention in recent years. Such medicines have been employed to treat medical conditions since ancient times, and in those times only the observed symptoms were used to determine dose accuracy, dose efficacy, and therapy. Rather than novel formulations, the current research work on plant-based medicines has mostly concentrated on medicinal active phytoconstituents. In the past recent decades, however, researchers have made significant progress in developing “new drug delivery systems” (NDDS) to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce unwanted effects of bioactive compounds. Nanocapsules, polymer micelles, liposomes, nanogels, phytosomes, nano-emulsions, transferosomes, microspheres, ethosomes, injectable hydrogels, polymeric nanoparticles, dendrimers, and other innovative therapeutic formulations have all been created using bioactive compounds and plant extracts. The novel formulations can improve solubility, therapeutic efficacy, bioavailability, stability, tissue distribution, protection from physical and chemical damage, and prolonged and targeted administration, to name a few. The current study summarizes existing research and the development of new formulations, with a focus on herbal bioactive components.
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Rathi, Ritu, Sanshita, Alpesh Kumar, Vivekanand Vishvakarma, Kampanart Huanbutta, Inderbir Singh, and Tanikan Sangnim. "Advancements in Rectal Drug Delivery Systems: Clinical Trials, and Patents Perspective." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 10 (October 17, 2022): 2210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14102210.
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The rectal route is an effective route for the local and systemic delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The environment of the rectum is relatively constant with low enzymatic activity and is favorable for drugs having poor oral absorption, extensive first-pass metabolism, gastric irritation, stability issues in the gastric environment, localized activity, and for drugs that cannot be administered by other routes. The present review addresses the rectal physiology, rectal diseases, and pharmaceutical factors influencing rectal delivery of drugs and discusses different rectal drug delivery systems including suppositories, suspensions, microspheres, nanoparticles, liposomes, tablets, and hydrogels. Clinical trials on various rectal drug delivery systems are presented in tabular form. Applications of different novel drug delivery carriers viz. nanoparticles, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, microspheres, transferosomes, nano-niosomes, and nanomicelles have been discussed and demonstrated for their potential use in rectal administration. Various opportunities and challenges for rectal delivery including recent advancements and patented formulations for rectal drug delivery have also been included.
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chilukala, Swathi. "Gastro retentive Drug Delivery of Cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride." Gastroenterology Pancreatology and Hepatobilary Disorders 2, no. 1 (December 5, 2018): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2641-5194/006.
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Drugs that are easily absorbed from the GI tract and have a short half-life are eliminated quickly from the blood circulation, require frequent dosing. To avoid this problem, the oral controlled release formulations are being developed. Gastro-retentive dosage forms have the potential from use as controlled release systems. The purpose of this research is to develop the gastro retentive drug delivery system of centrally acting alpha adrenergic agonist cyclobenzaprine Hydrochloride (cyclobenzaprine HCl). It is well absorbed from the upper part of the GIT, due to short gastric residence time the bioavailability is low and hence it is need to develop a dosage form that releases the drug in stomach using gastro retentive system. Different formulations of cyclobenzaprine HCl gastro-retentive floating tablets were prepared by wet granulation method using various concentrations of HPMC K4M / HPMC K100M and combination of Psyllium husk and HPMC K100M as matrix forming agent. Sodium bicarbonate and citric acid were used as a gas generating agent that helps in maintaining the buoyancy. The prepared cyclobenzaprine HCl gastro-retentive floating granules were subjected to pre-compression properties to comply with pharmacopoeial limits and the prepared gastro-retentive floating tablets were characterized for weight variation, hardness, thickness and friability drug content, swelling studies. The floating lag time of all formulation is good and the Total floating time of all the formulations was >12 hours. The tablets were evaluated for in vitro release characteristics for 12hrs in 0.1N HCl at 37 oC and from this in vitro release studies the formulations F-5, F-9 and F-15 exhibited good controlled release profile of about 96.0%, 94.5% and 95.0% when compared with other formulations while floating on the dissolution medium.
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Jain, Dharmendra, Nagesh Dewangan, Dhalendra Kothale,, and Utsav Verma. "Nanoemulsion as a Nano Carrier System in Drug Delivery: A Review." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 14, no. 2 (March 15, 2021): 5353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2021.14.2.1.
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Nanoemulsions are colloidal dispersions having smaller globule size that ranges from 20-600 nm. They are clear transparent and kinetically stable formulations commonly available in the form of creams, shampoos, gels, sprays and aerosols. Nanoemulsions are nano carrier drug delivery system for the protection of drugs from severe environmental conditions like pH, oxidation and hydrolysis. Nanoemulsions are normally contains oil phase, aqueous phase, surfactants and co-surfactants. Different methods are employed for the preparations of nanoemulsions are high pressure homogenization, microfluidization, ultrasonication, spontaneous emulsifi- cation, membrane emulsification, phase inversion temperature and solvent displacement method. The stability of the nanoemulsions has the ability to protect the dosage unit microbial contamination physically and chemically. They can be administered via nasal route, orally, topically, transdermally and also used as prophylactically in bio-terrorism attack and as diagnostic agent. They can be used for the delivery of various types of drugs like vaccines, DNA encoded drugs, antibiotics and vitamins. Various patents on nanoemulsions are also discussed. Nanoemulsions are nano carrier system with safe and effective delivery of lipophilic and hydrophilic drug and also used in targeting.
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Raina, D., and N. V. Satheesh Madhav. "A SMART APPROACH FOR FORMULATION PROCESS OF ESCITALOPRAM LOADED BIO-NANO SUSPENSION FOR BRAIN DELIVERY VIA NOVELISTIC EAM (EXTERNAL ACOUSTIC MEATUS) PLATFORM." INDIAN DRUGS 54, no. 08 (August 28, 2017): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.53879/id.54.08.10875.
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Our aim was to target antidepressant drug loaded nano-suspension using novel bioexcepient isolated from kernels of Prunus amygdalus and explore the capability of external acoustic meatus as novel acoustic drug delivery system. We isolated the biomaterial and performed various physicochemical evaluations along with spectral analysis including UV, IR, Mass, NMR, SEM. The bio-nano suspension formulated with the novel bioexcepient was tested for its functional properties. Eight formulations of escitalopram were prepared by using biomaterial as a retardant cum stabilizer and glycerin as nanosizent. All formulations were subjected to various evaluations, including pH, dispersibility, entrapment efficiency, particle size, mucoadhesion, in vitro release and stability. Our results revealed that the biopolymer possess promising retardibility cum stability and mucoadhesivity. Based on the in vitro and pharmacodynamic results obtained, it can be concluded that significant amount of drug reaches to the brain via external acoustic meatus and so it is feasible to deliver antidepressant molecule by this novelistic route.
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Shrestha, Hina, Rajni Bala, and Sandeep Arora. "Lipid-Based Drug Delivery Systems." Journal of Pharmaceutics 2014 (May 19, 2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/801820.
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The principle objective of formulation of lipid-based drugs is to enhance their bioavailability. The use of lipids in drug delivery is no more a new trend now but is still the promising concept. Lipid-based drug delivery systems (LBDDS) are one of the emerging technologies designed to address challenges like the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Lipid-based formulations can be tailored to meet a wide range of product requirements dictated by disease indication, route of administration, cost consideration, product stability, toxicity, and efficacy. These formulations are also a commercially viable strategy to formulate pharmaceuticals, for topical, oral, pulmonary, or parenteral delivery. In addition, lipid-based formulations have been shown to reduce the toxicity of various drugs by changing the biodistribution of the drug away from sensitive organs. However, the number of applications for lipid-based formulations has expanded as the nature and type of active drugs under investigation have become more varied. This paper mainly focuses on novel lipid-based formulations, namely, emulsions, vesicular systems, and lipid particulate systems and their subcategories as well as on their prominent applications in pharmaceutical drug delivery.
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Xiao, Xiao, James Trevor Oswald, Ting Wang, Weina Zhang, and Wenliang Li. "Use of Anticancer Platinum Compounds in Combination Therapies and Challenges in Drug Delivery." Current Medicinal Chemistry 27, no. 18 (June 3, 2020): 3055–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666181105115849.
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As one of the leading and most important metal-based drugs, platinum-based pharmaceuticals are widely used in the treatment of solid malignancies. Despite significant side effects and acquired drug resistance have limited their clinical applications, platinum has shown strong inhibitory effects for a wide assortment of tumors. Drug delivery systems using emerging technologies such as liposomes, dendrimers, polymers, nanotubes and other nanocompositions, all show promise for the safe delivery of platinum-based compounds. Due to the specificity of nano-formulations; unwanted side-effects and drug resistance can be largely averted. In addition, combinational therapy has been shown to be an effective way to improve the efficacy of platinum based anti-tumor drugs. This review first introduces drug delivery systems used for platinum and combinational therapeutic delivery. Then we highlight some of the recent advances in the field of drug delivery for combinational therapy; specifically progress in leveraging the cytotoxic nature of platinum-based drugs, the combinational effect of other drugs with platinum, while evaluating the drug targeting, side effect reducing and sitespecific nature of nanotechnology-based delivery platforms.
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Barbosa, Raquel de Melo, Fabio Fonseca de Oliveira, Gabriel Bezerra Motta Câmara, Tulio Flavio Accioly de Lima e. Moura, Fernanda Nervo Raffin, and Marcelo Augusto Costa Fernandes. "Smart Design Nano-Hybrid Formulations by Machine Learning." Proceedings 78, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecp2020-08700.
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Nano-hybrid formulations combine organic and inorganic materials in self-assembled platforms for drug delivery. Laponite is a synthetic clay, biocompatible, and a guest of compounds. Poloxamines are amphiphilic four-armed compounds and have pH-sensitive and thermosensitive properties. The association of Laponite and Poloxamine can be used to improve attachment to drugs and to increase the solubility of β-Lapachone (β-Lap). β-Lap has antiviral, antiparasitic, antitumor, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the low water solubility of β-Lap limits its clinical and medical applications. All samples were prepared by mixing Tetronic 1304 and LAP in a range of 1–20% (w/w) and 0–3% (w/w), respectively. The β-Lap solubility was analyzed by UV-vis spectrophotometry, and physical behavior was evaluated across a range of temperatures. The analysis of data consisted of response surface methodology (RMS), and two kinds of machine learning (ML): multilayer perceptron (MLP) and support vector machine (SVM). The ML techniques, generated from a training process based on experimental data, obtained the best correlation coefficient adjustment for drug solubility and adequate physical classifications of the systems. The SVM method presented the best fit results of β-Lap solubilization. In silico tools promoted fine-tuning, and near-experimental data show β-Lap solubility and classification of physical behavior to be an excellent strategy for use in developing new nano-hybrid platforms.
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Dludla, Siphokazi B. K., Leshasha T. Mashabela, Brian Ng’andwe, Pedzisai A. Makoni, and Bwalya A. Witika. "Current Advances in Nano-Based and Polymeric Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery Targeting the Ocular Microenvironment: A Review and Envisaged Future Perspectives." Polymers 14, no. 17 (August 30, 2022): 3580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14173580.
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Optimal vision remains one of the most essential elements of the sensory system continuously threatened by many ocular pathologies. Various pharmacological agents possess the potential to effectively treat these ophthalmic conditions; however, the use and efficacy of conventional ophthalmic formulations is hindered by ocular anatomical barriers. Recent novel designs of ophthalmic drug delivery systems (DDS) using nanotechnology show promising prospects, and ophthalmic formulations based on nanotechnology are currently being investigated due to their potential to bypass these barriers to ensure successful ocular drug delivery. More recently, stimuli-responsive nano drug carriers have gained more attention based on their great potential to effectively treat and alleviate many ocular diseases. The attraction is based on their biocompatibility and biodegradability, unique secondary conformations, varying functionalities, and, especially, the stimuli-enhanced therapeutic efficacy and reduced side effects. This review introduces the design and fabrication of stimuli-responsive nano drug carriers, including those that are responsive to endogenous stimuli, viz., pH, reduction, reactive oxygen species, adenosine triphosphate, and enzymes or exogenous stimuli such as light, magnetic field or temperature, which are biologically related or applicable in clinical settings. Furthermore, the paper discusses the applications and prospects of these stimuli-responsive nano drug carriers that are capable of overcoming the biological barriers of ocular disease alleviation and/or treatment for in vivo administration. There remains a great need to accelerate the development of stimuli-responsive nano drug carriers for clinical transition and applications in the treatment of ocular diseases and possible extrapolation to other topical applications such as ungual or otic drug delivery.
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Minakshi, Prasad, Mayukh Ghosh, Basanti Brar, Rajesh Kumar, Upendra P. Lambe, Koushlesh Ranjan, Jinu Manoj, and Gaya Prasad. "Nano-antimicrobials: A New Paradigm for Combating Mycobacterial Resistance." Current Pharmaceutical Design 25, no. 13 (August 16, 2019): 1554–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666190620094041.
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Background:Mycobacterium group contains several pathogenic bacteria including M. tuberculosis where the emergence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is alarming for human and animal health around the world. The condition has further aggravated due to the speed of discovery of the newer drugs has been outpaced by the rate of resistance developed in microorganisms, thus requiring alternative combat strategies. For this purpose, nano-antimicrobials have emerged as a potential option.Objective:The current review is focused on providing a detailed account of nanocarriers like liposome, micelles, dendrimers, solid lipid NPs, niosomes, polymeric nanoparticles, nano-suspensions, nano-emulsion, mesoporous silica and alginate-based drug delivery systems along with the recent updates on developments regarding nanoparticle-based therapeutics, vaccines and diagnostic methods developed or under pipeline with their potential benefits and limitations to combat mycobacterial diseases for their successful eradication from the world in future.Results:Distinct morphology and the underlying mechanism of pathogenesis and resistance development in this group of organisms urge improved and novel methods for the early and efficient diagnosis, treatment and vaccination to eradicate the disease. Recent developments in nanotechnology have the potential to meet both the aspects: nano-materials are proven components of several efficient targeted drug delivery systems and the typical physicochemical properties of several nano-formulations have shown to possess distinct bacteriocidal properties. Along with the therapeutic aspects, nano-vaccines and theranostic applications of nano-formulations have grown in popularity in recent times as an effective alternative means to combat different microbial superbugs.Conclusion:Nanomedicine holds a bright prospect to perform a key role in global tuberculosis elimination program.
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Mukker, Jatinder Kaur, and Ravi Shankar Prasad Singh. "Pharmacokinetic Modeling in Nano-formulations: Concept, Implementation and Challenges." Current Pharmaceutical Design 24, no. 43 (March 28, 2019): 5175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666190130141310.
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The properties of nanoparticles can be exploited to overcome challenges in drug delivery. By virtue of its design and size, the pharmacokinetics of nanoparticles are different than other small molecules. Modeling and simulation techniques have great potential to be used in nanoformulation development; however, their use in optimization of nanoformulation is very limited. This review highlights the differences in absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) characteristics of nanoparticles, use of modeling and simulation techniques in nanoformulation development and challenges in the implementation of modeling techniques.
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Zawar, Laxmikant, Gaurav Patil, Nitin Shirsath, and Piyush Bafna. "Nanosuspension: A New Horizon in the Drug Delivery System." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology(IJPSN) 15, no. 5 (October 1, 2022): 6169–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2022.15.5.9.
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Solubility is one of the major concerns in a lot of drug formulations. Since the majority of new drug molecules belong to the BCS II (Biopharmaceutical Classification of Drug) they often lead to poor bioavailability and ultimately affect the drug's effectiveness. The majority of new drug molecules are insoluble and hence poorly bioavailable. Because of these limitations, the proportion of newly discovered drugs reaching the market is decreasing. Nano-suspension emerges as one of the novel solutions for these problems. As it helps in delivering poorly water-soluble drugs, due to their all-around features and unique advantages. The distinctive features of nanosuspensions allow them to be used in a variety of dosage forms, including mucoadhesive hydrogels, nanogels, etc. The present review article provides information regarding the introduction to nanosuspensions, the advantages, and disadvantages of nanosuspensions, different methods of their preparations, and numerous practical applications in drug delivery.
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Bala, Rajni, Rakesh K. Sindhu, Bharti Kaundle, Reecha Madaan, and Simona Cavalu. "The prospective of liquid crystals in nano formulations for drug delivery systems." Journal of Molecular Structure 1245 (December 2021): 131117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131117.
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Sadat, Sams, Soodabeh Saeidnia, Adil Nazarali, and Azita Haddadi. "Nano-pharmaceutical Formulations for Targeted Drug Delivery against HER2 in Breast Cancer." Current Cancer Drug Targets 15, no. 1 (February 20, 2015): 71–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009615666150105115047.
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Lu, Rong, Yun Zhou, Jinqian Ma, Yuchen Wang, and Xiaoqing Miao. "Strategies and Mechanism in Reversing Intestinal Drug Efflux in Oral Drug Delivery." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 6 (May 26, 2022): 1131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14061131.
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Efflux transporters distributed at the apical side of human intestinal epithelial cells actively transport drugs from the enterocytes to the intestinal lumen, which could lead to extremely poor absorption of drugs by oral administration. Typical intestinal efflux transporters involved in oral drug absorption process mainly include P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). Drug efflux is one of the most important factors resulting in poor absorption of oral drugs. Caco-2 monolayer and everted gut sac are sued to accurately measure drug efflux in vitro. To reverse intestinal drug efflux and improve absorption of oral drugs, a great deal of functional amphiphilic excipients and inhibitors with the function of suppressing efflux transporters activity are generalized in this review. In addition, different strategies of reducing intestinal drugs efflux such as silencing transporters and the application of excipients and inhibitors are introduced. Ultimately, various nano-formulations of improving oral drug absorption by inhibiting intestinal drug efflux are discussed. In conclusion, this review has significant reference for overcoming intestinal drug efflux and improving oral drug absorption.
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Raturi, Ankita, Ganesh Bhatt, and Preeti Kothiyal. "FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF NANOSUSPENSION OF ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 1, no. 3 (February 11, 2018): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v1i3.115.
Full textAbstract:
Poor water solubility and slow dissolution rate are issues for majority of upcoming and existing biologically active compounds. The aim of present work was to increase the dissolution rate of Rosuvastatin Calcium, a poorly water soluble drug and hence improve its oral bioavailability by Nanosuspension technology. Nanosuspension is new carrier free colloidal drug delivery system with nano sized particles below 1000 nm, and considered as a great drug delivery technique to enhance the drug dissolution and solubility. In the present work Nanosuspension is made by nanoprecipitation technique in the presence of sodium lauryl sulfate as surfactant and PVPK-30 as stabilizer. Prepared Nanosuspension was evaluated for its particle size study, in vitro dissolution study and characterized by Screening Electron microscopy (SEM).
Different concentrations of sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) and PVPK-30 were evaluated. All formulations were in the nano size and showed marked improvement in dissolution and solubility compared to pure drug of micron size. Finally it was concluded that formulating poorly soluble drugs in the form of Nanosuspension would be a promising approach in delivery of poor water soluble drugs by oral route in a simple and effective way.
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Malamatari, Maria, Anastasia Charisi, Stavros Malamataris, Kyriakos Kachrimanis, and Ioannis Nikolakakis. "Spray Drying for the Preparation of Nanoparticle-Based Drug Formulations as Dry Powders for Inhalation." Processes 8, no. 7 (July 6, 2020): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8070788.
Full textAbstract:
Nanoparticle-based therapeutics have been used in pulmonary formulations to enhance delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs, protect drugs against degradation and achieve modified release and drug targeting. This review focuses on the use of spray drying as a solidification technique to produce microparticles containing nanoparticles (i.e., nanoparticle (NP) agglomerates) with suitable properties as dry powders for inhalation. The review covers the general aspects of pulmonary drug delivery with emphasis on nanoparticle-based dry powders for inhalation and the principles of spray drying as a method for the conversion of nanosuspensions to microparticles. The production and therapeutic applications of the following types of NP agglomerates are presented: nanoporous microparticles, nanocrystalline agglomerates, lipid-based and polymeric formulations. The use of alternative spray-drying techniques, namely nano spray drying, and supercritical CO2-assisted spray drying is also discussed as a way to produce inhalable NP agglomerates.