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Journal articles on the topic 'Nano-filled'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Bellisario, D., F. Quadrini, and L. Santo. "Nano-clay filled polyester coatings." Progress in Organic Coatings 76, no. 12 (December 2013): 1863–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.porgcoat.2013.05.030.

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2

Maslov, V. P., Yu M. Rodichev, and N. F. Tregubov. "Thermoresistant Nano-filled Glass-ceramics." Procedia Engineering 10 (2011): 1463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2011.04.243.

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3

Yadav, Ramkumar, and Anoj Meena. "Comparative study of thermo-mechanical and thermogravimetric characterization of hybrid dental restorative composite materials." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 236, no. 5 (January 21, 2022): 1122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/14644207211069763.

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The purpose of the study is to create resin-based micro-nano particulates-filled dental restorative composite materials and investigate the influence of variable nano-hydroxyapatite filler concentration on their thermo-mechanical and thermogravimetric properties. Two series were created by combining silane treated nano-hydroxyapatite filler particles (wt.% of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8) with foreign ceramic particles (alumina and titanium oxide). Each series consists of five compositions. For each dental composition, the amount of foreign ceramics (20 wt.%) remained constant. The dental composite samples were polymerized for 30 s on each side using a blue LED light. Thermo-mechanical and thermogravimetric analysis was performed at various temperatures range. At preliminary temperatures (30–40°C), the hybrid nano-hydroxyapatite-TiO2 dental composite filled with 8 wt.% nano-hydroxyapatite exhibited storage modulus (about 90 MPa) whereas nano-hydroxyapatite-Al2O3 dental composite filled with 8 wt.% nano-hydroxyapatite exhibited storage modulus (about 260 MPa). Themal stability of nano-hydroxyapatite-Al2O3 and nano-hydroxyapatite-TiO2 dental composite was 99.90% and 99.82% at 90°C, respectively. The glass phase, glass transition phase, and rubbery phase were observed at various temperatures. From the results, it revealed that Al2O3-nano-hydroxyapatite filled dental composite was observed significant than TiO2–nano-hydroxyapatite filled dental composite.

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4

Kalfus, Jan, Naveen Singh, and Alan J. Lesser. "Reinforcement in nano-filled PAA hydrogels." Polymer 53, no. 13 (June 2012): 2544–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2012.02.057.

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5

Rezanova, N. M., I. A. Mel´nik, M. V. Tsebrenko, and A. V. Korshun. "Preparation of Nano-Filled Polypropylene Microfibers." Fibre Chemistry 46, no. 1 (May 2014): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10692-014-9554-0.

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6

Perveen, Zakiya, Harsimran Kaur, Nishita Garg, Sandeep Singh Mayall, Lumbini Pathivada, Rishika, and Ramakrishna Yeluri. "Comparative Evaluation of GIC Based Sealant with Nano-Filled Resin Coating versus Filled Resin Sealant: A Randomized Clinical Trial." Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 44, no. 6 (December 1, 2020): 412–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4625-44.6.4.

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Objective: To evaluate and compare the retention of GIC based sealant with nano-filled resin coating and filled resin sealant at specified time intervals. Study Design: It was a split mouth design in which 248 mandibular first permanent molars were divided into two groups i.e. Group 1 (124): treated with glass ionomer sealant followed by light cured nano-filled resin coating and Group 2 (124): treated with acid etching followed by resin filled sealant. Clinical evaluation was done at 1,3,6,9 and 12 months as per modified categorization by Weiwei Z et al. Data was analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test to evaluate the success of both treatment procedures (p<0.05). Results: At 12 months, overall retention rate of glass ionomer sealant with nano-filled resin coating was found to be superior (84.7%) as compared to filled resin sealant (74.3%); but no significant difference was noted (p>0.05). Conclusions: Nano-filled resin coating application over glass ionomer sealant provides enhanced longevity and cariostatic benefits; hence, can be used as a viable alternative in place of resin sealants.

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7

Shi, Hui Cheng, Nai Kui Gao, Hai Yun Jin, and Chuan Bin Wang. "Preparation and Dielectric Properties of Alumina Filled Epoxy Nano-Composite." Materials Science Forum 658 (July 2010): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.658.463.

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The reported enhancement in dielectric properties obtained for polymer nano-composite seemed to be very encouraging. To further understand the dielectric behavior of epoxy nano-composite, aluminum oxide (Al2O3) nano-particles were incorporated into bisphenol A epoxy resin, and the dependence of nano-particle content and the dielectric properties was investigated in this study. Results showed that, when nano-particle contents was no more than 10phr, relative permittivity (εr) decreased to be lower than that of monolithic epoxy, and the minimum value appeared in 4phr nano-particle filled composite. The minimum value of tan delta (tanδ) appeared in 6phr nano-particle filled composite. DC volume resistivity (ρv) increased due to the introduction of nano-particles when the filler content is very small (about 2phr).

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8

SUMITA, Masao. "Dynamic Percolation of Nano-Carbon Particles Filled." Kobunshi 52, no. 12 (2003): 893–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1295/kobunshi.52.893.

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9

Watts, P. C. P., W. K. Hsu, D. P. Randall, V. Kotzeva, and G. Z. Chen. "Fe-Filled Carbon Nanotubes: Nano-electromagnetic Inductors." Chemistry of Materials 14, no. 11 (November 2002): 4505–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm021288p.

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10

El-Hag, A. H., L. C. Simon, S. H. Jayaram, and E. A. Cherney. "Erosion resistance of nano-filled silicone rubber." IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 13, no. 1 (February 2006): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tdei.2006.1593410.

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11

Baskaran, R., M. Sarojadevi, and C. T. Vijayakumar. "Unsaturated polyester nanocomposites filled with nano alumina." Journal of Materials Science 46, no. 14 (February 25, 2011): 4864–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-011-5398-7.

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12

Ayatollahi, Majid R., R. Moghimi Monfared, and R. Barbaz Isfahani. "Experimental investigation on tribological properties of carbon fabric composites: effects of carbon nanotubes and nano-silica." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 233, no. 5 (June 8, 2017): 874–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420717714345.

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In this study, the effects of nano-[Formula: see text] and carbon nanotubes on the friction and wear properties of carbon-epoxy woven composites have been explored. The unfilled carbon fabric composites and carbon fabric composites filled with carbon nanotubes and nano-[Formula: see text] were fabricated by vacuum infusion process. The worn surfaces were examined and possible wear mechanisms of unfilled and filled carbon fabric composites were discussed. In addition, the friction coefficient curves of unfilled and filled carbon fabric composites were analyzed and compared. The experimental results showed that either of the two nano-particles improved the friction coefficient and wear rate of carbon fabric composites; however, better improvement was observed for nano-SiO2. By adding these nano-particles to unfilled carbon fabric composites, a primary steady-state period with a low friction coefficient appeared in the friction coefficient curve of the composites, which indicates enhancement in bonding strength between carbon fiber and epoxy matrix due to the interfacial reinforcing action of the nano-particles.

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13

Aydoğuş, Osman, and Mehmet Turan Demirci. "Nano-hybridization effects of nano-silica and nano-graphene platelet on mechanical properties of E-glass/epoxy nanocomposites." Journal of Composite Materials 56, no. 5 (January 3, 2022): 779–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00219983211065211.

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This study reveals the nano-hybridization effects of nano-graphene platelets (NGPs) and nano-silica (SiO2 nanoparticle), having different structural geometries on the mechanical properties, nano and micro-scale failure behaviors, and nanoscale fracture mechanisms of E-glass/epoxy composites. Tensile, three-point bending, and Charpy impact experiments were applied to determine the mechanical behaviors of 0.5 wt.% NGPs, 4 wt.% nano-silica and 0.5 wt.% NGPs + 4 wt.% nano-silica nanohybrid filled E-glass/epoxy and neat E-glass/epoxy composite samples. Failure of composite samples was examined by microscopy and SEM analysis. FTIR analyses were conducted to interpret the chemical and physical interactions between the nanoparticles and epoxy resin. Nano-hybridization exhibited the highest tensile strength and three-point flexural force for the composite samples. However, the NGPs filled nanocomposites also exhibited the best static tensile toughness and impact energy absorption. The experimental data showed that it was statistically significant as a result of the one-way ANOVA analysis. Remarkably, nano-hybridization of nano-silica and NGPs showed different fracture mechanisms at the nano and micro-scales.

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14

El-Askary, Farid S., and Mohammed S. Nassif. "The Effect of the Pre-Conditioning Step on the Shear Bond Strength of Nano-Filled Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomer to Dentin." European Journal of Dentistry 05, no. 02 (April 2011): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698872.

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ABSTRACTObjectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the pre-conditioning step using different dentin conditioners on the shear bond strength (SBS) of the nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI) to dentin. Methods: Twenty-four human molars were used in this study. Subsequent to teeth sectioning in the mesio-distal direction and creation of the smear layer, the teeth were divided into six groups with and without the pre-conditioning step. Dentin surfaces were restored with RMGI cylinders and the specimens were stored in distilled water at 37ºC for 24 hours. SBS test were performed using a Universal Testing Machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute. Statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. RMGI/dentin interface was evaluated using SEM operated at 12 Kv at 2000X magnification. Results: 35% phosphoric acid and EDTA yielded significantly higher SBS (12.0±1.8 and 11.9±4.4 MPa, respectively), compared to all tested groups. In addition, 25% polyacrylic acid (8.6±3.1 MPa) reported significantly higher SBS than the nano-filled RMGI when applied according to manufacturer instructions (5.5±2.2 MPa). When nano-filled RMGI was applied without its nano-primer, or directly over 25% polyacrylic acid conditioned dentin exhibited 100% pre-test failure, and their SBS were expressed as 0.0±0.0 MPa. SEM revealed that the nano-primer was unable to decalcify and hybridize the dentin surface. Conclusions: Based on the results of the current study, the pre-conditioning step effectively improves the SBS of nano-filled RMGI to dentin. The self-adhesiveness of nano-filled RMGI was not proved in this study. (Eur J Dent 2011;5:150-156)

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15

Bae, Sang-U., and Birm-June Kim. "Effects of Cellulose Nanocrystal and Inorganic Nanofillers on the Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D-Printed Photopolymer Composites." Applied Sciences 11, no. 15 (July 25, 2021): 6835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11156835.

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Photopolymer composites filled with cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) and/or inorganic nanofillers were fabricated by using digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing. To investigate the effects of different CNC lyophilization concentrations and behaviors of CNC particles in the photopolymer composites, morphological and mechanical properties were analyzed. CNC loading levels affected the morphological and mechanical properties of the filled composites. Better CNC dispersion was seen at a lower lyophilization concentration, and the highest mechanical strength was observed in the 0.25 wt% CNC-filled composite. Furthermore, nano-precipitated calcium carbonate (nano-PCC) and nanoclay were added to photocurable resins, and then the effect of inorganic nanofillers on the morphological and mechanical properties of the composites were evaluated. By analyzing the morphological properties, the stress transfer mechanism of nano-PCC and nanoclay in the photopolymer composites was identified and related models were presented. These supported the improved mechanical strength of the composites filled with CNC, nano-PCC, and nanoclay. This study suggested a new approach using wood-derived cellulose nanomaterials and inorganic nanofillers as effective fillers for DLP 3D printing.

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16

Takayama, Tetsuo. "Recent Trends of Carbon Nano-Filler Filled Composites." Seikei-Kakou 25, no. 7 (June 20, 2013): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.25.310.

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17

Guild, F. J., W. L. Tsang, and A. C. Taylor. "Silica nano-particle filled polymers: Debonding and microstructure." Composites Science and Technology 218 (February 2022): 109202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2021.109202.

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18

LEI, Wen, Yu-he DENG, Mei ZHOU, Ling XUAN, and Qian FENG. "Mechanical properties of nano SiO2 filled gypsum particleboard." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 16 (June 2006): s361—s364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(06)60210-0.

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19

Kouda, Takahiro, Kazunobu Hashimoto, Naoki Takano, and Mitsuteru Asai. "256 MORPHOLOGY ANALYSIS FOR NANO-PARTICLE FILLED MATERIAL." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2006.19 (2006): 407–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2006.19.407.

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20

Gao, Yun, Luqi Liu, and Zhong Zhang. "Mechanical performance of nano-CaCO3 filled polystyrene composites." Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 22, no. 6 (December 2009): 555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0894-9166(09)60386-4.

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21

Shehata, F., A. Fathy, M. Megahed, and D. Morsy. "Fabrication and Characterization of Nano-filled Polymer Composites." Egyptian Journal for Engineering Sciences and Technology 28, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/eijest.2019.97299.

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22

Wu, Chun Lei, Ming Qiu Zhang, Min Zhi Rong, Björn Lehmann, and Klaus Friedrich. "Deformation Characteristics of Nano-SiO2 Filled Polypropylene Composites." Polymers and Polymer Composites 11, no. 7 (October 2003): 559–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110301100705.

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23

Friedrich, Klaus, Min Zhi Rong, and Ming Qiu Zhang. "Reactive Compatibilization in Nano-Silica Filled Polypropylene Composites." Solid State Phenomena 121-123 (March 2007): 1433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.121-123.1433.

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Nano-sized silica was pre-grafted with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) by solution free-radical polymerization. When these grafted silica particles were melt compounded with polypropylene (PP), reactive compatibilization effect was perceived due to the chemical bonding between the PGMA and amine functionalized PP, which led to a significant increase of tensile strength and notch impact strength of PP at rather low filler content. Accordingly, compatibility of each kind of the functionalized PP with grafted SiO2 was evaluated through investigating the mechanical properties, crystallization behavior and rheological performance of the composites. The results show that the reactive compatibilization is capable of providing stronger interfacial adhesion.

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24

Srinivasan, V., R. Karthikeyan, N. Mohamad Raffi, and G. Ganesan. "Wear Characterisitcs of Nano-Particle Filled GFRP Composites." Advanced Composites Letters 19, no. 1 (January 2010): 096369351001900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369351001900101.

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In the recent years, the growth of glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) is significantly higher than that of steel. In this study, the GFRP filled with 1 & 2% volume fraction of nano Alumina (Al2O3) particles were tested for their tribological behaviour. The wear maps were utilized to study the influence of control parameters like sliding velocity and normal force over the responses like coefficient of friction, contact temperature and wear rate. The micrographs of the worn out specimen showed the dominance of a particular wear mechanism in each sliding conditions.

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Renger, C., P. Kuschel, A. Kristoffersson, B. Clauss, W. Oppermann, and W. Sigmund. "Rheology studies on highly filled nano-zirconia suspensions." Journal of the European Ceramic Society 27, no. 6 (January 2007): 2361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2006.08.022.

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26

Erbas Kiziltas, Esra, Alper Kiziltas, Kevin Rhodes, Nuri W. Emanetoglu, Melanie Blumentritt, and Douglas J. Gardner. "Electrically conductive nano graphite-filled bacterial cellulose composites." Carbohydrate Polymers 136 (January 2016): 1144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.10.004.

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27

Mona, Deli, and Indah Rismayansari. "Effect of 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching gels on surface hardness of nano filled composite resin." Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry 31, no. 3 (November 30, 2019): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/pjd.vol31no3.23794.

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Introduction: Home bleaching is the whitening treatment of vital teeth applied by patients themselves at home under dentist supervision. In clinical condition, several patients who need bleaching treatment already had nano filled composite resin restoration on their teeth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contact time difference of 10% carbamide peroxide bleaching gels application for home bleaching on the surface hardness of nano filled composite resin activated by Light Emitting Diode (LED). Methods: Total sample in this study was 30 samples, divided into 3 groups. The samples used were nano filled composite resin cylindrical shape with a diameter of 6 mm and a thickness of 2 mm. Group I as the control group was immersed in distilled water, group II was treated with immersion in 10% carbamide peroxide for 4 hours per day, and group III was immersed in 10% carbamide peroxide for 6 hours per day. The duration of treatment was 14 days for all groups. Data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis with Mann-Whitney test and the p-value = 0.05. Results: The result of one-way Kruskal-Wallis with Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant difference between the control group and the groups applied with 10% carbamide peroxide for 4 hours and 6 hours per day with the p-value 0.00 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Application of 10% carbamide peroxide decreasing the surface hardness of nano filled composite resins activated by LED.Keywords: Nano filled composite resin, carbamide peroxide, composite resin hardness, Light Emitting diode (LED).

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28

Xiong, Guo Xuan, Zhi Bin Zhang, Min Deng, and Yu Fen Zhou. "Investigation of Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Effectiveness of Cement-Based Composites Filled with Carbon Materials." Advanced Materials Research 168-170 (December 2010): 1021–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.168-170.1021.

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The cement-based composite shielding materials filled with carbon materials such as ordinary carbon materials (graphite, coke and carbon black), carbon fiber and nano-carbon materials (carbon nano-tube and nano-carbon black) were prepared. The relationship of conductivity and shielding effectiveness in a frequency range of 100 KHz~1.5 GHz was studied. The electric properties of cement-based composites filled with carbon fiber is better than other carbon materials. With the contents of carbon fiber of 5.vol%, the average shielding effectiveness is about 37 dB and the maximum shielding effectiveness reaches 40 dB.

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Prathebha, P., Santhappan Aswini, and J. Revathy. "Effect of Nanoparticles on Strength and Durability Properties on Cement Mortar." Applied Mechanics and Materials 857 (November 2016): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.857.65.

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The nanotechnology provides an impact on construction industry materials with new properties and produce material with better performance. This paper presents the experimental investigation on the effects of nano particles incorporated in the cementitious materials to study the strength and durability properties of cement mortar. Nano particles such as nano alumina (NA), nano ferric oxide (NF) and nano silica (NS) were mixed at different proportions of 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% by weight of binder in single and binary combinations. Mechanical properties such as compressive strength and split tensile strength; durability properties such as water absorption and rapid chloride permeability test were tested as per standards. The results showed that 1.5% of the combination of nano silica & nano ferric oxide (NSF) and nano silica & nano alumina (NSA) particles increased the mechanical strength and durability properties of cement mortar. The microstructure characteristics results revealed that the nano particles incorporated cementitious materials showed the voids were filled up with nano particles. It acts as filler in cement mortar that enhanced a dense microstructure, reduced the quantity and size of calcium hydroxide and also filled the voids of C-S-H gel structure.

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Aulia, Rahmi Khairani, Mark W. Beatty, and Bobby Simetich. "Effect of Superhydrophobic Coating and Nanofiller Loading on Facial Elastomer Physical Properties." Materials 15, no. 20 (October 20, 2022): 7343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15207343.

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Facial prosthetics are currently constructed of materials that are far from optimal; superior materials with a “skin-like” feel are required. In this study, the property changes brought about by the consecutive additions of hydrophobic- and uncoated nano-SiO2 to polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) are assessed, and the alterations are compared with those observed for conventional submicron SiO2-filled materials. In sequence, 0%, 0.5%, 5%, 10%, and 15% by weight of each filler type were successively added to vinyl-terminated PDMS. Tensile, tear, Durometer hardness, translucency, and viscoelastic properties were assessed, and hardness and translucency were further measured after 3000 h of outdoor weathering. The results showed that 15% coated nano- SiO2-filled PDMS materials given the highest tensile strength, elastic modulus, storage modulus, loss modulus, tear strength, and durometer hardness (p < 0.05), whereas 15% submicron coated SiO2-filled materials displayed the highest failure strain and translucency parameter (p < 0.05). Only 10%- and 15%-filled submicron SiO2 PDMS materials were altered by outdoor weathering; nevertheless, the increases were assessed to be too small to be clinically perceptible. As increased filler levels provided protection against solar radiation, heat, and moisture, only unfilled and 0.5%-filled PDMS formulations discolored from weathering. 15%-filled superhydrophobic-coated nano- SiO2-filled PDMS was found to produce the strongest, most tear-resistant, and least translucent materials, but it also produced materials with limited stretchability and high hardness, which were regarded to be downsides for creating a “skin-like” feel.

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Wu, Chao, Yanfeng Gao, Xidong Liang, Stanislaw M. Gubanski, Qian Wang, Weining Bao, and Shaohua Li. "Manifestation of Interactions of Nano-Silica in Silicone Rubber Investigated by Low-Frequency Dielectric Spectroscopy and Mechanical Tests." Polymers 11, no. 4 (April 19, 2019): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11040717.

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Silicone rubber composites filled with nano-silica are currently widely used as high voltage insulating materials in power transmission and substation systems. We present a systematic study on the dielectric and mechanical performance of silicone rubber filled with surface modified and unmodified fumed nano-silica. The results indicate that the different interfaces between the silicone rubber and the two types of nano-silica introduce changes in their dielectric response when electrically stressed by a sinusoidal excitation in the frequency range of 10−4–1 Hz. The responses of pure silicone rubber and the composite filled with modified silica can be characterized by a paralleled combination of Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars interface polarization and DC conduction. In contrast, the silicone rubber composite with the unmodified nano-silica exhibits a quasi-DC (Q-DC) transport process. The mechanical properties of the composites (represented by their stress-strain characteristics) reveal an improvement in the mechanical strength with increasing filler content. Moreover, the strain level of the composite with a modified filler is improved.

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GANGWAR, SWATI, VIKAS KUKSHAL, AMAR PATNAIK, and TEJ SINGH. "COMPUTATIONAL OPTIMIZATION OF TiO2 FILLED A384 ALLOY COMPOSITES IN EROSIVE ENVIRONMENT." International Journal of Computational Materials Science and Engineering 01, no. 03 (September 2012): 1250025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s204768411250025x.

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In this article, micro and nano titania ( TiO2 ) filled A384 alloy composites are fabricated by stir casting technique with varying filler content from 0–8 wt.% respectively and then we study their physical, mechanical, thermal and erosive wear characteristics respectively. Effect of impact velocity (25–70 m/sec) and impingement angle (30°–90°) on erosion wear behavior of micro and nano TiO2 filled A384 alloy has also been studied. Finally, an optimization technique was implemented in order to develop a correlation between the physical, mechanical and erosion rate of TiO2 filled A384 alloy composites by using technique order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS).

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Watschke, Hagen, Karl Hilbig, and Thomas Vietor. "Design and Characterization of Electrically Conductive Structures Additively Manufactured by Material Extrusion." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (February 22, 2019): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040779.

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Multi-material additive manufacturing offers new design freedom for functional integration and opens new possibilities in innovative part design, for instance, a local integration of electrically conductive structures or heat radiant surfaces. Detailed experimental investigations on materials with three different fillers (carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes (CNT) and nano copper wires) were conducted to identify process-specific influencing factors on electrical conductivity and resistive heating. In this regard, raster angle orientation, extrusion temperature, speed and flow rate were investigated. A variation of the raster angle (0°, ±45°, and 90°) shows the highest influence on resistivity. An angle of 0° had the lowest electrical resistance and the highest temperature increase due to resistive heating. The material filled with nano copper wires showed the highest electrical conductivity followed by the CNT filled material and materials filled with CB. Both current–voltage characteristics and voltage-dependent heat distribution of the surface temperature were determined by using a thermographic camera. The highest temperature increase was achieved by the CNT filled material. The materials filled with CB and nano copper wires showed increased electrical resistance depending on temperature. Based on the experiments, solution principles and design rules for additively manufactured electrically conductive structures are derived.

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34

Markovic, G., Blaga Radovanovic, J. Simendic-Budinski, and Milena Marinovic-Cincovic. "Thermostability and surface morphology of nano- and micro-filled NBR/CSM rubber blends." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 69, no. 2 (2004): 167–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0402167m.

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Acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), polychloroprene rubber (CR) chlorosulphonated polyethylene rubber (CSM) and their blends were cross-linked with sulphur, ethylene- thiourea, magnesium oxide or their combination. The effect of nano- and micro- particle sized of 35 pphr SiO2 on the thermostability and surface morphology of all the crosslinked systems was investigated. Identification of the structure of nano- and micro- particle sized SiO2 filled NBR/CSM and CR/CSM crosslinked systems was carried out by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with an attenuated total reflectance (ATR) extension. The thermal stability of the nano- and micro particle sized SiO2 filled NBR/CSM and CR/CSM crosslinked systems were carried out by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the samples was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The morphology of the fracture surface of the crosslinked systems was carried out by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results show when filledwith nano-particle sized of SiO2 NBR/CSM and CR/CSM polymer matrix have a strong peak from SiO?C at 1079 cm-1. This suggests the an interaction between the SiO2, which should lead to an increased thermal stability, higher values of Tg, better dispersion the nano-SiO2 andmore polish, without cracks than micro-filled NBR/CSM and CR/CSM crosslinked systems.

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Zhang, Chuyan, Weichen Shi, Qiao Wang, Mingguang Diao, and Huseyin R. Hiziroglu. "Electrical Property of Polypropylene Films Subjected to Different Temperatures and DC Electric Fields." Polymers 13, no. 17 (August 31, 2021): 2956. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13172956.

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A polypropylene (PP) film is usually used as a dielectric material in capacitors as well as cables. However, PP films may degrade because of the combined effect of temperature and electric field. In an earlier study, plain PP films and PP films loaded with nano-metric natural clay were studied under sinusoidal (AC) electric fields at power frequency and temperatures above the ambient. To better understand the electrical characteristics of PP film under various conditions, the objective of this study is to determine the time-to-breakdown of the plain PP and PP filled with 2% (wt) natural nano-clay when subjected to time-invariant (DC) electric fields at elevated temperatures. In order to achieve this objective, the effects of uniform as well as non-uniform electric fields were compared at the same temperature for the PP film. In this study, experimental results indicated that the time-to-breakdown of all PP films, plain or filled with nano-clay, decreases with the increase in electric field intensity, non-uniformity of the electric field, and temperature. It was also found that the time-to-breakdown of PP film filled with 2% (wt) natural nano-clay under DC electric field is longer and less sensitive to temperature. Furthermore, when compared with the results under the uniform electric field, PP film filled with 2% (wt) nano-metric natural clay indicates shorter time-to-failure under non-uniform DC electric fields. Finally, the morphology of the samples was observed by digital camera, optical micrography, and SEM, to better understand the mechanism of the breakdown.

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Gao, Xiang, Fujian Zhang, Xinghao Hu, and Zhongqiang Zhang. "Flexible actuator by electric bending of saline solution-filled carbon nanotubes." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 21 (February 25, 2022): 215301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac55bf.

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Abstract As a two-phase hybrid material, liquid-filled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) provide a great opportunity to design dexterous flexible nano-manipulator actuated by electric field. Here, we report a group of saline solution-filled CNTs with the end constraint can realize 360° all-round bending in a suitable electric field. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulation results show that saline solution-filled CNTs can be bent under the axial-lateral compound electric field, whereas the bending deflection increases with the increase of salinity, CNTs length and electric intensity. The deformation mechanism of saline solution-filled CNTs under the electric field is clarified by exploring the movement and distribution of salt ions in CNTs under the axial electric field. Moreover, based on the bending deformation characteristics of saline solution-filled CNTs, the MD simulations for the two-finger and four-finger nano grippers grasping diamond balls are carried out to demonstrate the micromanipulation functions of saline solution-filled CNTs. The findings will provide an important theoretical basis for the design and application of micromanipulation devices based on low dimensional carbon materials.

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Yadav, Ramkumar, and Mukesh Kumar. "Investigation of the physical, mechanical and thermal properties of nano and microsized particulate-filled dental composite material." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 19 (January 23, 2020): 2623–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320902212.

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Objective The purpose of this study was to fabricate bisphenol-a glycidyl methacrylate /tri-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA)-based nano and micro-sized-filled dental composite and to study the effect of varying silane-treated nano hydroxyapatite on physical, mechanical and thermal properties. Methods The dental resin matrix was fabricated by bisphenol-a glycidyl (53 wt.%), TEGDMA (46 wt.%), camphorquinone (0.3 wt.%) and 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (0.7 wt.%). Silane-treated nano hydroxyapatite (nHA) filler content was varied from 0 to 8 wt.%, while zinc oxide (microsized) remains constant with 20 wt.%. A light curing unit was employed for polymerization of the resinous dental mixture. Results The result revealed that infrared spectra of untreated and treated nHA filler particles were confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The dental composite filled with 6 wt.% nHA (DHZ6) exhibited maximum compressive strength (249 MPa) and Vickers hardness (49 Hv), while dental composite filled with 8 wt.% nHA (DHZ8) showed minimum depth of cure (5.12 mm), degree of conversion (54%) and polymerization shrinkage (1.12%). Significance Silane treatment of nano hydroxyapatite has a significant role in physical, mechanical, and thermal properties. Bonding strength of coupling agent has been seen between organic and inorganic materials.

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Zu, Da Lei, Yu Lin Yang, Rui Jun Zhang, and Xiao Wen Qi. "Tribological and Thermal Properties of Hybrid Kevlar/PTFE Fabric Composite Filled with Nano-TiO₂." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.333.

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The hybrid Kevlar/PTFE(polytetrafluroethylene) fabric composites filled with different nano-Tio2 content of matrix resin were fabricated. To determine the tribological properties, the filled and unfilled composites sliding against 45 steel were performed on MM-200 friction and wear tester. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was utilized to examine the morphology of worn surface. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis was also performed to study the thermal properties of the composites. The results show that the addition of nano-Tio2 improve the wear resistance and decrease the friction coefficient. The friction coefficient become unconstant during test with the increase of nano-Tio2 in the resin matrix, and the optimum fraction of nano-Tio2 in the resin is 1wt%. The SEM observations indicat that microcutting and plastic deformation are the main wear mechanisms. DSC analysis that there is no significant change in the melting points, and that there has been minimum chemical interaction between the resin matrix and nano-Tio2.

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Li, Zhen Hua, and Wen Zhong Nie. "The Addition of a Nano-SiO₂ on the Tribological Properties of PTFE Composite." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.511.

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A kind of novel polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based composite filled with nano SiO2 are developed for sliding tribological applications. The specimens are fabricated with the compression moulding technique. And the mechanical and tribological properties of the composites are investigated. It is demonstrated that these properties are influenced by the content of fillers. The wear resistances of all the developed PTFE composites are much higher than that of pure PTFE with very low coefficients of friction. Among the developed composites, the mixture of PTFE + 30% nano SiO2 exhibits the best combination of properties. The improved tribological performance of nano-SiO2 filled PTFE composites can be attributed to the improved structural integrity of the composites.

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Kourki, Hajir, Mehrzad Mortezaei, Mohammad Hossein Navid Famili, and Milad Malekipirbazari. "Modeling the rheological properties of highly nano-filled polymers." Journal of Composite Materials 51, no. 19 (November 13, 2016): 2813–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998316678473.

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Organic and inorganic materials are usually added to polymers in order to achieve some benefits such as reducing the product cost, as well as achieving higher modulus and strength. Addition of these materials would change polymers’ behavior. Adding nano-materials to polymers on the other hand is a new challenge in the field of polymer composites where previous studies were unable to achieve good correlation with nano-composites at higher particle volume fractions. In this research, Yamamoto network theory is developed to investigate the behavior of highly nano-filled systems. For this purpose, five different types of sub-chain and two types of junctions are considered and the effect of particle size, concentration, and the model parameters in association with the behavior of the junctions are studied. Moreover, some experiments are performed on polystyrene filled with nano-silica at different particle size and concentration values in frequency mod in the linear region. At last, we compared the results of our final model with the experiments in order to evaluate its accuracy, which confirmed a very good agreement.

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Enomoto, Kazuki. "Tribological Properties of Nano Carbon Filled Polymer Matrix Composites." Seikei-Kakou 25, no. 2 (January 20, 2013): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.25.68.

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Petrović, Z. S., and W. Zhang. "Glassy and Elastomeric Polyurethanes Filled with Nano-Silica Particles." Materials Science Forum 352 (August 2000): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.352.171.

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43

Jiang, C., H. He, H. Jiang, L. Ma, and D. M. Jia. "Nano-lignin filled natural rubber composites: Preparation and characterization." Express Polymer Letters 7, no. 5 (2013): 480–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3144/expresspolymlett.2013.44.

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PRATAP, A., N. J. JOSHI, P. B. RAKSHIT, G. S. GREWAL, and V. SHRINET. "DIELECTRIC BEHAVIOR OF NANO BARIUM TITANATE FILLED POLYMERIC COMPOSITES." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 22 (January 2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194513009859.

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Rapid growth of electronic industry requires development of new materials that combine the high dielectric constant intrinsic to ferroelectric ceramic materials with easy processing characteristics of polymers. Ceramic-polymeric composites possess interesting properties for a variety of electronic applications including passive electronic devices. In fact, polymer-ceramic materials have drawn lot attention for use in microelectronic packaging, because they can give higher performance with lower cost, size and weight. In this work, attempts are made to prepare ceramic polymer composites followed by characterization of dielectric properties. The Barium Titanate ceramic powders are synthesized using the hydrothermal process. Crystal structure and crystallite size of particles are determined using X-ray diffraction. Silane treatment is carried out on Barium Titanate powder to increase its compatibility with polymer, followed with preparation of ceramic polymer composites. Epoxy and polyvinyledene fluoride (PVDF) polymers are used as matrices for preparation of the composites. The proportion of nanopowder is varied from 60 to 90 wt%. Dielectric properties such as volume resistivity, dielectric constant, dissipation factor are evaluated. Results indicate that the dielectric constant and dissipation factor vary between 18 -140 and 0.01 to 0.09, respectively as the relative ratio of polymer and silane modified Barium Titanate is varied. Specifically, at 90 wt% of 0.1 wt% silane modified Barium Titanate, the highest dielectric constant of 140 along with dissipation factor of 0.07 is obtained in the epoxy based system.

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Li, Zhiguo, Wenjing Wu, Hong Chen, Zhenhua Zhu, Youshan Wang, and Yong Zhang. "Thermal conductivity of micro/nano filler filled polymeric composites." RSC Advances 3, no. 18 (2013): 6417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra22482a.

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46

Hosseini, Seyed Mostaffa, and Mehdi Razzaghi-Kashani. "Vulcanization kinetics of nano-silica filled styrene butadiene rubber." Polymer 55, no. 24 (November 2014): 6426–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2014.09.073.

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Lin, Wei, Xiangrong Xi, and Chaosheng Yu. "Research of silver plating nano-graphite filled conductive adhesive." Synthetic Metals 159, no. 7-8 (April 2009): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2008.12.003.

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48

Ayaad, D. M., M. Y. A. Abdelaal, A. M. Aboelkheir, and A. M. Abdelghany. "Performance Enhancement of Chitosan Filled Silver Vanadate Nano-rods." Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials 29, no. 3 (January 3, 2019): 901–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10904-018-01064-1.

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49

Barhoi, Barbie Leena, Ramesh Chandra Borah, and Sandeep Singh. "Natural Convection in a Nano-Fluid Filled Square Enclosure." Key Engineering Materials 847 (June 2020): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.847.114.

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The present study relates to numerical investigation of natural convection heat transfer in a nanofluid filled square enclosure. One side of the enclosure is maintained at high temperature and the other side at a low temperature; while the top and bottom sides are adiabatic. The commercial CFD software ANSYS-FLUENT© was used to solve this numerical problem with the governing differential equations discretized by a control volume approach. nanofluids of Cu-water, Al2O3-water and TiO2-water have been simulated for a range of Rayleigh numbers and volume fractions. The results were obtained in the form of streamlines and isotherms. Interpretations of the results are done based on heat transfer rates, volume fraction, Rayleigh number and Nusselt number. It is to be noted that addition of nanoparticles enhances the heat transfer rate. It is also observed that the Nusselt number is highly affected by volume fraction and Rayleigh number.

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Kuanr, B. K., V. Veerakumar, R. Marson, S. R. Mishra, A. V. Kuanr, R. E. Camley, and Z. Celinski. "Nickel Nano-Wires Filled Alumina Templates for Microwave Electronics." IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 45, no. 10 (October 2009): 4052–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tmag.2009.2024880.

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