Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nano-aperture

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Nano-aperture'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 2 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Nano-aperture"

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Lu, Guowei, Jianning Xu, Te Wen, Weidong Zhang, Jingyi Zhao, Aiqin Hu, Grégory Barbillon, and Qihuang Gong. "Hybrid Metal-Dielectric Nano-Aperture Antenna for Surface Enhanced Fluorescence." Materials 11, no. 8 (August 14, 2018): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081435.

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A hybrid metal-dielectric nano-aperture antenna is proposed for surface-enhanced fluorescence applications. The nano-apertures that formed in the composite thin film consist of silicon and gold layers. These were numerically investigated in detail. The hybrid nano-aperture shows a more uniform field distribution within the apertures and a higher antenna quantum yield than pure gold nano-apertures. The spectral features of the hybrid nano-apertures are independent of the aperture size. This shows a high enhancement effect in the near-infrared region. The nano-apertures with a dielectric gap were then demonstrated theoretically for larger enhancement effects. The hybrid nano-aperture is fully adaptable to large-scale availability and reproducible fabrication. The hybrid antenna will improve the effectiveness of surface-enhanced fluorescence for applications, including sensitive biosensing and fluorescence analysis.
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Koyama, Fumio, and Jiro Hashizume. "Metal nano-aperture surface emitting laser." Review of Laser Engineering 34, Supplement (2006): 200–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.34.200.

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Taylor, M. L., A. Alves, P. Reichart, R. D. Franich, S. Rubanov, P. Johnston, and D. N. Jamieson. "Ion beam lithograpy using a nano-aperture." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 260, no. 1 (July 2007): 426–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2007.02.057.

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Shin, Hyundo, Heesung Lim, and Jeonghoon Yoo. "CO-KR-2 Topological design of the nano-aperture for high transmission." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2012 (2012): _CO—KR—2–1—_CO—KR—2–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2012._co-kr-2-1.

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Wang, Chu, Yu, Gao, and Peng. "Near-Field Enhancement and Polarization Selection of a Nano-System for He-Ne Laser Application." Nanomaterials 9, no. 10 (October 6, 2019): 1421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9101421.

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In this paper, we focus on transmission behavior based on the single aperture with a scatter. Both the near-field enhancement and polarization selection can be achieved numerically with a proposed nano-system under He-Ne laser wavelength. The nano-system consists of an Ag antenna, a wafer layer, an Ag film with an aperture and a dielectric substrate. Numerical results show that the near-field enhancement is related to the FP-like resonance base on surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) in the metal–isolator–metal (MIM) waveguide for transverse magnetic (TM) polarization. The near-field optical spot is confined at the aperture export with a maximal electric intensity 20 times the value of the incident field for an antenna length of 430 nm. The transmission cutoff phenomenon for transverse electric (TE) polarization is because the transmission is forbidden for smaller aperture width. High extinction ratios of 9.6×10-8 (or 70.2 dB) and 4.4×10-8 (or 73.6 dB) with antenna lengths of 130 nm and 430 nm are achieved numerically with the nano-system. The polarization selective property has a good angular tolerance for oblique angles smaller than 15°. The spectral response is also investigated. We further demonstrate that the nano-system is applicable for another incident wavelength of 500 nm. Our investigation may be beneficial for the detection of polar molecules or local nano polarized nanosource.
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Zhilong Rao, Zhilong Rao, Sonny Vo Sonny Vo, and and James S. Harris James S. Harris. "A review of progress on nano-aperture VCSEL." Chinese Optics Letters 6, no. 10 (2008): 748–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col20080610.0748.

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H kanson, Ulf, Jonas Persson, Filip Persson, Hans Svensson, Lars Montelius, and Mikael K.-J. Johansson. "Nano-aperture fabrication for single quantum dot spectroscopy." Nanotechnology 14, no. 6 (April 25, 2003): 675–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/14/6/321.

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van Kouwen, Leon, and Pieter Kruit. "Brightness measurements of the nano-aperture ion source." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 36, no. 6 (November 2018): 06J901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.5048054.

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KIM, D. "Analysis of the aperture formation mechanism in the fabrication process of nano-aperture arrays." Microelectronic Engineering 73-74 (June 2004): 656–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-9317(04)00177-7.

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Cheng, Yao-Te, Yuzuru Takashima, Yin Yuen, Paul C. Hansen, J. Brian Leen, and Lambertus Hesselink. "Ultra-high resolution resonant C-shaped aperture nano-tip." Optics Express 19, no. 6 (March 2, 2011): 5077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.19.005077.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nano-aperture"

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Atie, Elie. "Modeling of high electromagnetic field confinement metamaterials for both linear and non-linear applications." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2044/document.

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Notre recherche porte sur la réponse optique des nanostructures et nous sommes certainement intéressés à la modélisation de ces structures afin d'améliorer le confinement de la lumière. Ce confinement est un des paramètres qui conduisent à l'exaltation des effets optique linéaires et non linéaires, simultanément. Notre travail est divisé en deux sections, qui présentent deux effets optiques diffèrents basées sur le confinement des champs à l’intérieur du structure. Dans la première section, la réponse optique d’une nano-antenne à ouverture en forme de nœud papillon (BNA : Bowtie nano-aperture) sera étudiée en fonction de l’indice de réfraction du milieu. L’étude discute la variation de la longueur d’onde de résonance ainsi que l’intensité du champ confiné au milieu du gap de la BNA en fonction de la distance qui sépare l’antenne d’un substrat placé en face. L’étude prend le cas d’une BNA gravée au bout d’une fibre optique métallisée. Une étude numérique complète a été réalisée par des simulations numériques basées sur la méthode des différences finies FDTD-3D (Finite Difference Time Domaine – Three dimension). Le code utilisé est développé au sein du département d’Optique de l’Institut FEMTO-ST. Notre modèle numérique décrits bien la géométrie de l’antenne ainsi que la pointe. De même les propriétés optiques de la couche métallique de la sonde sont bien décrites à travers un modèle de dispersion (model de Drude). Une étude expérimentale a été réalisée en plus pour une validation des résultats collecte théoriquement, l’étude a considéré le cas de deux BNA avec des paramètres géométrique différents, néanmoins les résultats obtenues se correspond fortement aux résultats obtenues numériquement. Dans la deuxième partie, l'effet électro-optique des nanostructures sera étudié. L’effet électro-optique ou effet Pockels consiste d’une variation linéaire de l'indice de réfraction d'un milieu non-linéaire en fonction d'un champ électrique extérieur. Cependant, la variation est reliée au tenseur de susceptibilité non linéaire du deuxième ordre, ainsi, cette effet ce produit seulement dans les matériaux non-centrosymétrique. Dans notre étude les nanostructures sont fabrique avec le Niobate de Lithium (LN) qui est considéré comme le plus avantageux diélectrique pour l’exaltation des effets non linéaire grâce à ces propriétés (acousto-optique, électro-optique, piézoélectrique …). L’étude est complétée numériquement garce a des simulations basées sur la FDTD en tenant compte de la polarisation du champ. Au début, une validation de l’utilisation de la FDTD pour estimer l’effet électro-optique intrinsèque du LN a été achevée, l’étude considère un milieu homogène (pas de confinement des champs dans le milieu) qui a pour indice de réfraction celle du LN. Pour des structure qui présentes un confinement du champ plusieurs approximation ont été suggère dans cette partie. En outre, nous présentons un nouveau modèle auto-cohérent dans lequel la variation de l'indice de réfraction est modifiée au cours de la simulation. Plusieurs structure ont été discutés (réflecteur de Bragg, structure à cavité et 2D cristal photonique) qui présentent des facteurs de confinement différents. Une étude comparative entre les différentes méthodes, montre que la différence entre les résultats de chaque hypothèse devient plus important proportionnellement au facteur de confinement
Our research is concerned with the optical response of nano-structures by modeling them in order to enhance the confinement of light in these structures, which leads to the exaltation of linear and nonlinear optical effects.Our work is divided into two sections, which are based on the enhancement of the electric field inside the structure. In the first section, we study the optical properties of a Bowtie Nano-aperture, BNA, as a function of the refractive index of the surrounding medium. The study discusses the variation of the resonance wavelength and the intensity of the enhanced field in the gap of the BNA as a function of the distance from a sample placed in front of our BNA. The BNA is engraved at the apex of a metallic coated fiber tip. In this section a theoretical study was achieved using the Finite Difference Time Domain method FDTD in which we implement a Drude dispersion model to faithfully describe the optical properties of metals. In addition, a validating experimental study was achieved and a high accordance between both results is recorded.In the second section, the electro optical effect of nano-structures is studied. Electro-optical effect or Pockels effect is the variation of the refractive index of a nonlinear media as a function of an applied external electric field. The electro-optical effect is a linear variation of the media refractive index. However it is also related to the second order nonlinear susceptibility tensor, thus it becomes a nonlinear effect that only occurs in non-centrosymetric material. In our study we chose the case of a nano-structure fabricated with Lithium Niobate. Lithium Niobate is widely used in photonic applications due to its electro-optical, acousto-optical and nonlinear optical properties. We present a theoretical study of the electro-optical effects using the FDTD simulation method. We started by approving the ability to use the FDTD to calculate the refractive index variation in bulk Lithium Niobate then we suggest different approximations to estimate the refractive index variation when the light is confined inside the structure. In addition we suggest a new self-consistent method in which the variation of the refractive index is modified during the simulation. The study shows a comparison between different assumptions (used in previous research) and the self-consistent method for various structures, like Bragg reflectors, cavity structures and 2D photonic crystals. The study shows that the difference between the results of each assumption becomes greater when the optical confinement in the structure becomes more important
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Franich, Rick, and rick franich@rmit edu au. "Monte Carlo Simulation of Large Angle Scattering Effects in Heavy Ion Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis and Ion Transmission Through Nanoapertures." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080212.121837.

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Heavy Ion Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (HIERDA) is a versatile Ion Beam Analysis technique well suited to multi-elemental depth profiling of thin layered structures and near-surface regions of materials. An existing limitation is the inability to accurately account for the pronounced broadening and tailing effects of multiple scattering typically seen in HIERDA spectra. This thesis investigates the role of multiple large angle scattering in heavy ion applications such as HIERDA, and seeks to quantify its contribution to experimental output. This is achieved primarily by the development of a computer simulation capable of predicting these contributions and using it to classify and quantify the interactions that cause them. Monte Carlo ion transport simulation is used to generate simulated HIERDA spectra and the results are compared to experimental data acquired using the Time of Flight HIERDA facility at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisat ion. A Monte Carlo simulation code was adapted to the simulation of HIERDA spectra with considerable attention on improving the modelling efficiency to reduce processing time. Efficiency enhancements have achieved simulation time reductions of two to three orders of magnitude. The simulation is shown to satisfactorily reproduce the complex shape of HIERDA spectra. Some limitations are identified in the ability to accurately predict peak widths and the absolute magnitude of low energy tailing in some cases. The code is used to identify the plural scattering contribution to the spectral features under investigation, and the complexity of plurally scattered ion and recoil paths is demonstrated. The program is also shown to be useful in the interpretation of overlapped energy spectra of elements of similar mass whose signals cannot be reliably separated experimentally. The effect of large angle scattering on the transmission of heavy ions through a nano-scale aperture mask, used to collimate an ion beam to a very small beam spot, is modelled using a version of the program adapted to handle the more complex geometry of the aperture mask. The effectiveness of nano-aperture collimation was studied for a variety of ion-energy combinations. Intensity, energy, and angular distributions of transmitted ions were calculated to quantify the degree to which scattering within the mask limits the spatial resolution achievable. The simulation successfully predicted the effect of misaligning the aperture and the beam, and the result has subsequently been observed experimentally. Transmitted ion distributions showed that the higher energy heavier ions studied are more effectively collimated than are lower energy lighter ions. However, there is still a significant probability of transmission of heavy ions with substantial residual energy beyond the perimeter of the aperture. For the intended application, ion beam lithography, these ions are likely to be problematic. The results indicate that medium energy He ions are the more attractive option, as the residual energy of scattered transmitted ions can be more readily managed by customising the etching process. Continuing research by experimentalists working in this area is proceeding in this direction as a result of the conclusions from this work.
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洪偉琮. "Extraordinary Transmission Enhancement in Corrugated Composite Nano-aperture." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22563202407270187892.

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碩士
國立交通大學
光電工程系所
96
As the development of optical data storage, the demand for higher data storage capacity inspires researchers to produce the tiny and intense light spot. The nano-probe is widely used to confine the input light into the small area at the near field. The main issue lies in its low throughput. The Bethe’s formula provides a clear physical insight to the nano-aperture. When the aperture size on an infinitely thin and perfectly conducting film is much smaller than the incident wavelength, the transmission of the circular aperture is ~ (d/λ)4. The mechanism of nano-aperture is divided into three parts: (1) photon capture ability determined by the entrance geometry, (2) energy transportation influenced by the film thickness, and (3) the exit radiance distribution. Based on the prior literature, we designed a composite aperture to keep the intense throughput and the tiny spot at the same time. The metal surface in the vicinity of the aperture is corrugated to supply horizontal momentum and induce the “extended surface plasmonic resonance”, which results in the further enhancement of the transmission. Our proposed corrugated composite aperture was able to enhance power throughput by ~200X compared with the comparable square aperture.
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Zhang, Xiaoqiang. "Tunable Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) from nano-aperture arrays." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/3959.

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Research work on fabricating organized and reproducible SERS substrates has been done in this thesis. Nano-aperture arrays with circular, bow-tie and cross bow-tie shapes were fabricated by using FIB milling. These arrays were imaged under SEM and their parameters were measured. The optical transmission properties of these arrays were measured by white light transmission. It was found that the shape of the nano-aperture could determine these arrays’ abilities to support SPR. Different shapes would give different SPR modes and generated optical transmission peaks at varied wavelengths. For nano-aperture array with identical shapes, the varied parameters, such as periodicity or tip-to-tip distances, would affect the position of the transmission peaks. Slight increase or decrease of these parameters can be manipulated to adjust the peak positions, catering to the best resonance of the excitation laser used in Raman spectroscopy. The enhancement properties of these arrays as SERS substrates were measured by Raman spectroscopy. Different SERS enhancement properties could be found across different shaped nano-aperture arrays and cross bow-tie nano-aperture arrays give the best SERS enhancement. For nano-aperture array with identical shapes, the varied parameters would affect its ability of SERS enhancement. Near field simulations were carried out in order to explain the relationship of the SERS results and these arrays’ SPR ability. Electrochemical study on these ordered nano-aperture arrays was also carried out in this thesis.
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Yin, Shr-Wei, and 尹世瑋. "Transmission Enhancement of Ridge-based Nano Aperture by Localized Surface Plasmon." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04117903365207069535.

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碩士
國立交通大學
光電工程系所
95
In recent years, the studies about extraordinary transmission through subwavelength metallic aperture have drawn more attention, called surface plasmon. These researches included subwavelength metallic hole array, single subwavelength metallic aperture, and an aperture with periodic corrugations array by T.W. Ebbesen et al.. As in 2004, L. Hessenlink et al. designed C-shaped aperture with not only spot size to ��/10 but the power throughput enhancement can achieve to ~103. Meanwhile, M. Mansuripur et al. used FDTD method to simulate the enhancement and field distributions in 2-D slit aperture. This thesis aims to analyze the subwavelength metallic aperture in visible range (especially at ��=633 nm), and the connection of the special apertures. Base on the phenomena we observed, try to give a composite structure which could take both advantages of high transmission and small spot. The researches might be applied in super resolution spot in optical data storage system.
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Chen, Peng-Yu, and 陳鵬宇. "Study on Optical Sensing Capabilities of Metallic Nano-Bowtie Aperture with Projected Pad Underneath." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/758j5j.

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碩士
國立交通大學
光電工程研究所
104
We propose a novel metallic nano-bowtie aperture with projected pad underneath (BAPPU) with localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). In this structure, the bowtie aperture induces strong near-field in the gap region owing to coupling effect and lightning effect. In addition, our proposed BAPPU structure can be realized via simplified fabrication process, which make fabricating it on fiber-tip possible and useful in biologic and chemical sensing. In experiments and simulations, we found that there are two significant LSPR modes, fundamental and high order modes, in BAPPU structure. The fundamental mode processes stronger field intensity because of its powerful dipole moment. In addition, for the fundamental mode, via geometry tuning, we also investigate the dependence of gap distance, length, and width on resonance wavelength and charge distributions. Furthermore, we also investigate the capabilities of BAPPU in optical sensing, wavelength tuning, and nanoparticle trapping. In optical index sensing, high sensitivity of 1620 nm/RIU is observed. 1620nm/RIU；In addition, by embedding bowtie pad within PDMS, wavelength tuning via stretching is achieved. In the simulation of optical trapping via BAPPU with 30 nm gap distance, the optical force is as high as 7989 pN/W for trapping 20 nm polystyrene particle. Therefore, we believe our proposed BAPPU can achieve versatile on-fiber probe and optical manipulator.
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Huang, Yuan-De, and 黃元德. "Integrated Nano-Aperture , Solid Immersion Lens , and Support Structure for Near-field Optical Systems." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38524591232768459918.

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碩士
國立交通大學
機械工程系所
94
For near-field optical systems, Aperture and Solid Immersion Lens（SIL） that are popular techniques can overcome light diffraction limit and reduce spot size. According to previous researches, nano-aperture combined with SIL can improve the throughput owing to greater power densities at the aperture and reduce spot size to nano grade. However, the misalignment between the SIL and nano-aperture always occurred in assembling or bonding step. Earlier academic advanced a self–alignment technique to overcome the misalignment. But the method lack practical application in optical systems. In this thesis, the supporting structure can solve the problem. In fabrication results, the supporting structure can be made accurately. About nano-aperture ,100nm、200nm and 300 nm aperture are fabricated and the maximum error is less than 5% in comparison with the designed values. The SIL also can be made successfully. From the measurement results of far-field system, manifest that SIL can reduce spot and the 15μm-diameter SIL/300nm-diameter circular aperture component has 1.216 times enhancement of transmission compared with 329nm-diameter aperture alone. Basing on the measurement results, the supporting structure make the SIL and nano-Aperture more feasible.
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Hsu, Hung-Lung, and 許鴻隆. "Study of the integration process between the nano-aperture and solid immersion lens for near-field recording pick-up head." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/04411476743558670544.

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碩士
國立交通大學
機械工程系所
93
For near-field recording systems, Aperture and Solid Immersion Lens（SIL） are two popular techniques to overcome light diffraction limit and reduce spot size. In aperture systems, seeing that light spot size is directly determined by aperture size, aperture systems can provide an ultra-high resolution by reducing the aperture size to nano-scale. However, nano-aperture suffers from low power throughput which results in the recording speed unable to be promoted. SIL systems, while can providing a smaller spot size than obtained in conventional optical recording systems with still maintaining high optical throughput, do not have the resolution observed from aperture probe systems. According to previous researches, nano-aperture combined with SIL/SSIL can improve the throughput owing to greater power densities at the aperture. However, the misalignment between the SIL/SSIL and nano-aperture always occurred in assembling or bonding step. How to align the nano-aperture and SIL/SSIL together precisely has not proposed yet. In this research, the purpose is concentrated on combination of SIL/SSIL and nano-aperture by Nano/Micro Electro-Mechanical Systems（N/MEMS） technology, where nano-aperture is fabricated with Focused Ion Beam（FIB）system and SIL /SSIL are formed by thermal reflowing process. In order to overcome the misalignment between SIL/SSIL and nano-aperture, a self-alignment technique based on self-modulation by surface tension during thermal reflowing process is proposed. About aperture designs, the influence of varied shapes of apertures at optical throughput is also studied. Here, circular apertures and C-shaped apertures are introduced. In fabrication results, SIL and SSIL are fabricated and the maximum error is less than 3% in comparison with the designed values. About nano-aperture, the diameter 103nm, 148nm, and 329nm of circular aperture and the dimensions 303nm×205nm and 223nm×105nm of C-shaped apertures are fabricated. The feasibility of self-alignment technique between SIL/SSIL and nano-aperture proposed in this research is also verified by Scanning Electron microscope（SEM）. From the measurement results of far-field system, the 15μm-diameter SIL/329nm-diameter circular aperture component has 1.68 times enhancement of throughput compared with 329nm-diameter aperture alone. This result shows that SIL can really enhance the light throughput of nano-aperture and the feasibility of self-alignment technique between SIL and nano-aperture is further verified. About measurement results of C-shaped apertures, the throughput of 303nm×205nm C-shaped aperture alone is 14.325 times larger than that of 148nm-diameter circular aperture alone, while maintaining a comparable near-field spot size. Even the throughput of 303nm×205nm C-shaped aperture/15μm-diameter SIL component can be enhanced by 24.438 times as compared with 148nm-diameter circular aperture alone. This result indicates that combination of SIL and C-shaped aperture can really greatly enhance the performance of near-field pick-up head.
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Book chapters on the topic "Nano-aperture"

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McKeown, Steven J., and Lynford L. Goddard. "Hydrogen Detection Using a Single Palladium Nano-Aperture on a Fiber Tip." In Springer Series in Surface Sciences, 181–208. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06998-2_9.

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van Kouwen, Leon. "Nano-fluidic flow in the nano-aperture ion source." In Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics Including Proceedings CPO-10, 217–35. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.aiep.2019.09.002.

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van Kouwen, Leon. "Ion emission simulations of the nano-aperture ion source." In Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics Including Proceedings CPO-10, 307–42. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.aiep.2019.09.006.

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van Kouwen, Leon. "Optics of ion emission from the nano-aperture ion source." In Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics Including Proceedings CPO-10, 237–76. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.aiep.2019.09.003.

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van Kouwen, Leon. "A model for ion-neutral scattering in the nano-aperture source." In Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics Including Proceedings CPO-10, 277–306. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.aiep.2019.09.004.

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van Kouwen, Leon. "Processes in the ionization volume of the nano-aperture ion source." In Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics Including Proceedings CPO-10, 343–55. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.aiep.2019.09.005.

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van Kouwen, Leon. "Introduction to focused ion beams, ion sources, and the nano-aperture ion source." In Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics Including Proceedings CPO-10, 181–216. Elsevier, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.aiep.2019.09.001.

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"Fabrication of Ejection Aperture Nozzles." In Nano- and Microscience, Engineering, Technology and Medicine. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420039986.ch9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nano-aperture"

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Koyama, Fumio. "Nano-aperture VCSELs." In 2006 IEEE LEOS Annual Meeting. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/leos.2006.279205.

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Koyama. "Nano-aperture plasmonic VCSELS." In Related Materials (IPRM). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciprm.2008.4703045.

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Xu, Tiejun, Jiying Xu, Jia Wang, Liqun Sun, and Qian Tian. "Aperture design and analysis of nano-aperture laser." In Photonics Asia 2002, edited by Xing Zhu, Stephen Y. Chou, and Yasuhiko Arakawa. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.481709.

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Prasher, Ravi. "Thermal Radiation Through a Nano Aperture." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13155.

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Far-field thermal radiation through a nano aperture is calculated in this paper. Results show that for aperture size ≪ dominant wavelength of thermally excited photons, heat flux deviates significantly from the well known Planck blackbody expression of σT4, where σ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant and T is the temperature. The heat flux through a nano-hole is proportional to T8 and a4, where a is the radius of the hole. Heat flux is proportional to T8 and a4 due to diffraction effects. Potential applications of radiation heat transfer through nano apertures are also discussed in the paper.
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Kim, Yongwoo, Sinjeung Park, Eungman Lee, and Jae W. Hahn. "Nano patterning with a single high-transmission nano-metal aperture system." In SPIE Advanced Lithography, edited by Frank M. Schellenberg. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.774485.

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Tang, Liang, David A. B. Miller, Ali K. Okyay, Joseph A. Matteo, Yin Yuen, Krishna C. Saraswat, and Lambertus Hesselink. "C-shaped Nano-Aperture-Enhanced Germanium Photodetector." In Nanophotonics. Washington, D.C.: OSA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/nano.2006.nthb5.

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Yuan, H. X., B. X. Xu, and T. C. Chong. "Propagation properties of surface plasmon along metal nano-aperture and nano-wire." In Contract Proceedings 2006, edited by Ryuichi Katayama and Tuviah E. Schlesinger. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.685180.

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Chen, Long, and Michal Lipson. "Origin of Shape Dependence in Nano-Aperture Transmission." In 2006 IEEE LEOS Annual Meeting. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/leos.2006.279027.

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9

Koyanagi, Hikaru, and Toshiaki Kitamura. "Study on nano-aperture with metallic nano-spheres for near-field optical disk." In 2016 Progress in Electromagnetic Research Symposium (PIERS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/piers.2016.7734612.

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Shi, Xiaolei, Robert L. Thornton, and Lambertus Hesselink. "Nano-aperture with 1000x power throughput enhancement for very small aperture laser system (VSAL)." In Optical Data Storage, edited by Terril Hurst and Seiji Kobayashi. SPIE, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.453378.

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