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Spiegel, Francesca. "Exclusion in Sophocles." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/21979.
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"Exclusion in Sophocles" dass Exklusion als Motiv sich durch alle erhaltenen Sophoklesstücke zieht nebst einiger der längeren Fragmente. Auffällig ist die Vielfalt des Motivs, welches sich auf einen Ausschluss aus der Familie (Elektra), der Stadt (Ödipus-Dramen), der Armee (Philoktet), der Gemeinschaft der Menschen (Tereus) und noch vieles Weitere bezieht.
Diese Arbeit sammelt, ordnet und analysiert sophokleische Exklusionsszenarien. Insbesondere wird der Gebrauch von Tropologien des Un/Menschlichen in der extrinsischen Charakterisierung der tragischen Protagonisten herausgestellt sowie damit verbundene Metaphern des Pathologischen, Monströsen, Bestialen und sog. Primitiven als Marker und Auslöser von strukturellen Exklusionen. Dabei wird das Exklusionsmotiv nicht als vollendete Tatsache erfasst, sondern als dynamischer und sich teilweise über ganze Plots hinweg erstreckender Prozess, als Narrativ eines ehemals gut Eingegliederten und von der Gemeinschaft nach und nach Exkludierten.
Gleichwohl diese Entwicklung vom tragischen Protagonisten in eloquenten und selbstdarstellerischen Reden vehement kritisiert wird, erwächst im Bereich der Metaphern und rhetorischen Bildsprache der Gemeinschaft eine regelrechte Ausradierung und Neuzuweisung seiner Identität. Durch eine vergleichende Gegenüberstellung beider Standpunkte stellt sich heraus, wie tiefgreifend die als Exkludierend handelnde Gemeinschaft in das Vorantschreiten des tragischen Geschehens involviert ist und die Dramen eben nicht nur—wie in zahlreichen Forschungsstandpunkten festgehalten—die Manci des Exkludierten Protagonisten als moralische Fabel vorführen.Social exclusion as a literary theme is common to all of Sophocles' fully extant plays as well as some of the longer fragments. The variety of settings is wide, between exclusion from the family like for example in Electra, exclusion from the city as in the case of Oedipus, from a regiment of the armed forces like in Ajax or Philoctetes, or even humankind, like with Tereus. This inquiry sets out to present, taxonomize and unpack Sophoclean discourses of exclusion and their attaining literary tropes of the pathological, the bestial, the brutish, the monstrous, and the so-called uncivilized. The aim is to demonstrate how deeply implicated the whole cast of characters and their language are in the process of a tragedy unfolding, rather than the causes of tragedy being lodged in the doings of one protagonist alone. One key point argued here is that, instead of taking 'the isolation of the tragic hero' as fait accompli, exclusion is a dynamic process that often takes up the entire plot arc of a tragedy. In the space of extrinsic characterization, it is argued that a process of rhetorical erasure and overwriting of identity takes place, where peer groups gradually dismantle a formerly well-established identity and re-assign a new and undesirable one. It is shown how the protagonists seek to resist, lament or somehow negotiate this process through long and expansive speeches of futile self-reinstatement. In the synthesis of both, it is argued that Sophocles' deployment of the theme puts a critical spotlight on the rhetorics of exclusion and its discourses of the bestial, the brutal, and especially the pathological, which embed and frame the work's overall literary, cultural and dramatic effects.
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Crous, Parcerisas Gemma. "Social exclusion and eudaimonic well-being: a children's perspective." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663995.
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The main objective is to explore eudaimonic well-being (PWB) and social exclusion from children’s and adolescents’ perspective and the associations between these constructs and with other related ones such as hedonic well-being (SWB). The sample comes from the international project Children’s Worlds (19,212 children aged 12) and a project carried out in Girona province (940 participants aged 9 to17). When socially excluded, there is a high risk of low PWB, and this could also indicate low SWB. To this extent, it is important to not only detect the risk factors that point to social exclusion, but also highlight them as protective resources that could face exclusion. To conclude, if the aim is to keep track of the progress made in reducing social exclusion and increasing eudaimonic well-being, an assessment of social exclusion and eudaimonic well-being is needed. This thesis is providing tools on how to do that.L’objectiu principal és explorar el benestar eudaimònic (PWB) i l’exclusió social des de la perspectiva dels infants i els adolescents, i les associacions entre aquests constructes i d’altres relacionats, com ara el benestar hedònic (SWB). La mostra prové del projecte internacional Children’s Worlds (19,212 infants de 12anys) i un projecte portat a terme a Girona província (940 participants d’entre 9 i 17). Quan s’està exclòs socialment hi ha un alt risc de que es registri un baix nivell de PWB, i això podria indicar baix nivell de SWB. És important no només detectar els factors de risc que apunten a l'exclusió social, sinó també destacar-los com a recursos de protecció que podrien ajudar a afrontar l'exclusió. En conclusió, si l'objectiu és fer un seguiment dels progressos realitzats en la reducció de l'exclusió social i l'augment del benestar eudaimònic, cal fer-ne una avaluació. Aquesta tesi proporciona un conjunt d’eines per fer-ho.
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Schadl, Ilona. "The exclusion of society." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-149606.
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Leoni, Julie. "Gender, deviance and exclusion." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2005. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/139/.
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This study investigated why boys were more likely to be excluded than girls. The main research site was an 11-16 comprehensive in a market town, although findings were triangulated through a project in a feeder junior school. The research evolved in two phases. Phase One involved 67 loosely structured, fifty minute interviews with pupils who had been excluded for a fixed term. Phase Two involved four action research projects which triangulated and developed the Phase One findings. The projects consisted of an Anger Management therapeutic group with some of the excluded boys interviewed in Phase One, two days of staff training in Transactional Analysis, a self-discovery club with junior school pupils at risk of exclusion and a year 7 drama curriculum which taught Transactional Analysis, conflict resolution, meditation, emotional literacy and self-awareness. Findings were analysed using Strauss and Glaser’s concepts of grounded theory, emergent themes and the constant comparative method. Transactional Analysis was used as a practical as well as an analytic tool. The practical research took place between 1999 and 2002. The study found that all of the children who had been excluded were either threatened with loss or had suffered or were suffering from losses which threatened their safety and/or security. The effects of these losses gave rise to the emotions of bereavement which included anger. Boys and some girls used the emotion of anger as a mask for other emotions such as sadness and fear. The masking of vulnerable emotions was part of the way in which the boys constructed their masculinites. The losses brought with them loss of attachment and low self-esteem which led to students being more influenced by their peer group than by the adults around them. It was found that it was possible to counter the effect of these losses and the negative effects of the anger. The action research methods proved to offer part of the answer to the research questions. Trust was central to the development of new attachments and teachers could develop this trust using Adult-Adult behaviours, from an ‘I’m OK, You’re OK’ life position. Positive strokes encouraged desired behaviour. However, central to the ability to use these techniques was the concept of self-awareness that could be accessed through talking and being listened to by some one who did not judge. Meditation also proved to be helpful in bringing awareness and minimising stress. The concept of the Drama Triangle proved invaluable in understanding what occurred during exclusion incidents. Techniques were found to work with staff, secondary and primary school pupils. The implications of the research are that it is possible for staff to minimise exclusion incidents directly and indirectly by modelling peaceful behaviours. The research shows that pupils get excluded when they are under stress and that it might be profitable to listen to them after an exclusion to elicit their feelings. The study recommends future research which develops these ideas in other settings and investigates what happens for the teachers during an exclusion incident.
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Ngah, Amir. "Regression test selection by exclusion." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3616/.
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This thesis addresses the research in the area of regression testing. Software systems change and evolve over time. Each time a system is changed regression tests have to be run to validate these changes. An important issue in regression testing is how to minimise reuse the existing test cases of original program for modied program. One of the techniques to tackle this issue is called regression test selection technique. The aim of this research is to signicantly reduce the number of test cases that need to be run after changes have been made. Specically, this thesis focuses on developing a model for regression test selection using the decomposition slicing technique. Decomposition slicing provides a technique that is capable of identifying the unchanged parts of the system. The model of regression test selection based on decomposition slicing and exclusion of test cases was developed in this thesis. The model is called Regression Test Selection by Exclusion (ReTSE) and has four main phases. They are Program Analysis, Comparison, Exclusion and Optimisation phases. The validity of the ReTSE model is explored through the application of a number of case studies. The case studies tackle all types of modication such as change, delete and add statements. The case studies have covered a single and combination types of modication at a time. The application of the proposed model has shown that signicant reductions in the number of test cases can be achieved. The evaluation of the model based on an existing framework and comparison with another model also has shown promising results. The case studies have limited themselves to relatively small programs and the next step is to apply the model to larger systems with more complex changes to ascertain if it scales up. While some parts of the model have been automated tools will be required for the rest when carrying out the larger case studies.
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Stockwell, Cory. "Other spaces, structures of exclusion." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ57997.pdf.
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Ule, Aljaž. "Exclusion and cooperation in networks." [Amsterdam : Amsterdam : Thela Thesis] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2005. http://dare.uva.nl/document/78665.
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Forde, P. "Alternative perspectives on school exclusion." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/21662/.
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This thesis explores, from non-standard, alternative perspectives, the subject of the permanent exclusion of children from school, especially avoidable exclusions. I discuss my work as a teacher and educational psychologist, a witness to and actor in this recurring phenomenon. I have considerable experience to draw from. Bearing witness to so many exclusions has proven challenging, bringing with it emotional cost. I cite research that reveals the extent of the school exclusion problem, research that is impotent in terms of promoting much-needed change. In pursuit of reason I go in new directions, exploring the works of four philosophers, using their insights as tools to explore the void between theory and practice, logic and reason; and how we want things to be and the reality of how things are for our most vulnerable children. Permanent exclusion from school is a complex social event the incidence rate of which is obfuscated by the agencies of school, local authority and government. I expose the numbers fiasco, which disguises the magnitude of the problem. The number of children formally excluded is, I argue, massaged downwards, the number informally excluded is concealed. The most vulnerable children are disproportionately affected and their voices rarely heard. We who contribute to these acts of exclusion do so dogmatically, ignorantly and blindly. Our role in the matter remains concealed even from ourselves. This thesis examines that role. Exclusion from school continues with machine-like regularity - something is driving it. To make an emotional connection with the subject matter I use the qualitative tools of personal reflection and fictional stories, the latter using a method inspired by Clough (2002). I address two research questions. I evaluate my study using the criteria suggested by Yardley (2000).
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Spiegel, Francesca [Verfasser]. "Exclusion in Sophocles / Francesca Spiegel." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222512513/34.
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Bassi, Yasmin. "Interventionism and the exclusion problem." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2013. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/58570/.
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Jaegwon Kim (1998a, 2005) claims that his exclusion problem follows a priori for the non-reductive physicalist given her commitment to five apparently inconsistent theses: mental causation, non-identity, supervenience, causal closure and non-overdetermination. For Kim, the combination of these theses entails that mental properties are a priori excluded as causes, forcing the non-reductive physicalist to accept either epiphenomenalism, or some form of reduction. In this thesis, I argue that Kim’s exclusion problem depends on a particular conception of causation, namely sufficient production, and that when causation is understood in interventionist terms, the non-reductive physicalist can avoid the exclusion problem. I argue that Woodward’s (2003, 2008a, 2011a) version of interventionism not only provides an account of mental causation that avoids the exclusion problem, but argue that it also upholds all of the minimal commitments of non-reductive physicalism, thereby providing a successful non-reductive physicalist solution to the exclusion problem. In Chapter 2, I argue that all five theses are minimal commitments of non-reductive physicalism that cannot be rejected in order to avoid the exclusion problem. Chapter 3 identifies the assumptions that I take to underlie the exclusion problem. Chapter 4 introduces and outlines the central features of Woodward’s (2003) interventionism and Chapter 5 argues that Woodward’s interventionist account of mental causation provides a solution to the exclusion problem. I examine two alternative interventionist accounts of mental causation[1] that fail to provide satisfactory solutions to the exclusion problem and conclude that Woodward’s account therefore provides the only satisfactory account of mental causation and solution to the exclusion problem. Chapter 6 addresses some challenges proposed by Michael Baumgartner (2009, 2010) and argues that the interventionist is able to defend her position against these objections and uphold the interventionist solution to the exclusion problem outlined in this thesis. [1. Proposed by List and Menzies (2009) and Campbell (2007, 2008a, 2008b, 2010).]
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Schuepfer, Kurt J. "Social Exclusion and Processing Styles." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1421163221.
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Naderi, Iman. "Social Exclusion and Green Consumption." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500062/.
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Social exclusion has garnered much attention from researchers across the social sciences, especially among social psychologists. However, given the fact that social relationships and consumption are two of the central activities in daily life, there is surprisingly little research on the impact of social connection threats within the realm of consumer behavior. This study examines the effect of social exclusion on proenvironmental behavior and green consumption. More precisely, the objectives of this study are threefold. The first objective is to examine whether the findings in social psychology literature on how excluded individuals respond to exclusion when they are exposed to proenvironmental consumption behavior. The second objective of this research is to find the underlying mechanism and to rule out some of the possible explanations (e.g., mood) for this effect. The final objective of this study is to establish some of the boundary conditions (individual differences and situational factors) for the proposed effect. The hypotheses of this study were developed based on two main theoretical bases borrowed from social psychology literature: empathy-altruism hypothesis (Batson 1991) and social reconnection hypothesis (Maner et al. 2007). Overall, it was proposed that while social exclusion decreases individuals’ inclination to engage in proenvironmental activities, socially excluded people are motivated to use green consumption behaviors to establish new social bonds with others. These propositions were tested and supported across four experiments. Across these experiments, the findings demonstrated that social exclusion causes people to express lower tendency to engage in proenvironmental behaviors. The findings also consistently suggest that mood does not explain why social rejection leads to negative environmental outcomes. Additionally, social exclusion appears to cause a temporary absence of empathic concern toward others, which leads to less green behavior with altruistic motivation. Further, the role of emotional empathy as a boundary condition was tested in this study and the findings indicate that experiencing social exclusion does not negatively impact proenvironmental behavior in highly empathetic individuals. Finally, this investigation showed that when a proenvironmental behavior is perceived as an opportunity to reconnect and positive social feedback is expected from peers, socially excluded participants favor products that signal to their peers that they too are concerned about environmental issues. In addition to its contributions to consumer research and marketing, this work provides several practical implications. For instance, as established in this study, green products by default are not perceived by excluded individuals as tools that facilitate social reconnection. However, when such products are positioned properly, such individuals tend to capitalize on the social acceptability of their behavior to help them fulfill their threatened need for affiliation. The implication here is that marketers should attempt to customize their promotional strategies accordingly and direct the consumer’s attention to this covert benefit of green products.
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Chevalier, David Blanc Maurice. "Les chemins de l'insertion une étude empirique menée dans cinq pays européens pour une meilleure compréhension des processus d'insertion, d'exclusion et de reproduction des inégalités sociales /." Nancy : Université Nancy 2, 2003. http://cyberdoc.univ-nancy2.fr/htdocs/docs_ouvert/doc124/2003NAN21019.pdf.
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Öhrn, Petra. "Exclusive Magic : A Postmodern Analysis of Inclusion/Exclusion of the Other in the Harry Potter-series." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Engelska, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-29829.
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Greene, Saara. "Young mothers, social exclusion and citizenship." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24645.
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With the development of the Social Inclusion Unit, the 1997 New Labour government committed themselves to a process of reintegrating and increasing the participation of marginalised groups within mainstream society. A major development produced by the unit has been their ‘Report on Teenage Pregnancy’ (1999a) reflecting a political and social agenda aimed at decreasing teenage conceptions and pregnancies. One way that the government has attempted to achieve these goals has been through disseminating social and political discourse outlining the social problems associated with teenage pregnancy and young motherhood. This has resulted in the development of social policies and programmes aimed at decreasing teenage pregnancy and encouraging young mothers to access social welfare programmes that will increase their participation in the labour market. However, as this study will demonstrate, by focusing mainly on labour market participation as the route to inclusion, New Labour has systematically ignored other barriers to social inclusion that are experienced by young mothers such as their age, gender and race, and a lack of recognition of their working-class culture. Another main aim of this study is to demonstrate how young mothers’ experiences of social exclusion are intensified through New Labour’s view of active citizenship, which emphasises participation in the labour market, education, training programmes, and volunteerism. However, as this study will argue, the young mothers who participated in this study regularly engaged in the responsibilities associated with active citizenship through fulfilling the responsibilities associated with mothering and participating in community based activities and politics that are connected to the welfare of their children. Yet, because the responsibilities and duties associated with mothering are rarely, if ever, associated with active citizenship, young mothers remain excluded from experiencing substantive citizenship status. It will be also argued that because young motherhood is viewed as a social problem, young mothers often carry out their mothering in the public sphere under the gaze of social work and other human service professionals. This points to a contradiction inherent in liberal notions of citizenship that suggest that although the raising of children is a duty worthy of social and political attention, young motherhood fails to be viewed as an activity associated with citizenship. Through juxtaposing social inclusion strategies and programme with in-depth interviews and participant observation sessions with twenty young mothers from a socially deprived community in Scotland, this study will demonstrate how government strategies have failed to recognise the various factors associated with becoming a young mother, and the ways in which the activities associated with young motherhood demonstrate acts of citizenship. As such, this study will argue that young mothers’ experiences of social exclusion may be exacerbated rather than alleviated by New Labour’s social exclusion policies and programmes and their view of what it means to be an active citizen.
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Ridha, Basil Hassan. "MRI in Alzheimer's disease: beyond exclusion." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486616.
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Brain imaging has been mainly used to exclude other secondary causes of dementia, the past decade has highlighted a wider potential role of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and monitoring progression of Alzheimer's disease. Using a cohort of subjects with autosomal dominant Alzheimer's disease, I found that atrophy rate of the hippocampus, a medial temporal lobe structure crucially involved in memory processing, to be increased at least 5.5 years prior to the onset of the clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. Rates of whole brain atrophy lagged behind by 2 years. I compared focal and global measures of atrophy on magnetic resonance imaging with decline in performance on cognitive and functional scales in the context of a realistic multi-centre clinical trial. In mild-tomoderate stages of Alzheimer's disease, measures of global atrophy (rate of whole brain atrophy and ventricular enlargement) were associated more closely ~ith decline in performance on cognitive and functional scales than was rate of hippocampal atrophy. Measures of medial temporal lobe atrophy conventionally rely either on manual volumetric measurement, which is time consuming, or on a visual rating scale, which is not designed to track disease progression. I describe an automated technique - the Automated Temporal Lobe Atrophy Scale, relying on intensity measurement using volumetric Tl-weighted imaging as a measure of medial temporal atrophy. The method is quick, simple, and may have potential to track disease progression. Few studies have demonstrated the value of novel magnetic resonance imaging techniques that reflect the microstructural pathological changes magnetization transfer imaging a'nd diffusion-weighted imaging.. Here, I demonstrate that certain quantitative parameters of such techniques are altered by the disease process over-and-above atrophy measurements. This suggests that such imaging techniques may provide complementary information to conventional volumetric measurement in detecting the Alzheimer's disease process.
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Kapadi, Ajith Nayak. "Size Exclusion PEGylation Reaction Chromatography Modelling." The University of Waikato, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2504.
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Size exclusion PEGylation reaction chromatography was investigated using a model developed by Fee (2005). Column dispersion was neglected and the PEGylation reaction was modelled as second order. The model allowed up to four PEG groups to be attached to a protein and accounted for succinic acid hydrolysis from activated PEG. The model was adapted to simulate a-lactalbumin PEGylation and succinic acid hydrolysis from activated PEG in a batch stirred tank so rate parameters from stirred tank kinetic experiments could be obtained and the model verified. The model was solved using finite differences and simulations run in Matlab. The effect of reaction parameters such as timing, length and concentration of PEG and protein injection, reaction rates, and model resolution on model simulation results was explored. In the size exclusion PEGylation simulations it was found that increasing protein concentration increased MonoPEG concentrations and increased the ratio of MonoPEG to starting protein feed concentration. Increasing PEG pulse length and starting PEG concentration initially increased MonoPEG concentration and product ratio until all protein had been PEGylated at which point MonoPEG concentration the product ratio levelled out. Increasing PEG hydrolysis rates did not affect the amount of MonoPEG produced but reduced the activated PEG concentration and increased succinic acid concentration. Optimal conditions for producing MonoPEG were found to be equal concentrations of PEG and protein, with the PEG injection length twice as long as the protein injection, and the PEG injection done immediately after the protein injection.
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Vasheghani-Farahani, Ebrahim. "Swelling and exclusion behavior of hydrogels." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74550.
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The swelling and exclusion behavior of crosslinked hydrogels were determined in aqueous solutions of electrolytes and in aqueous solutions of proteins and enzymes. The gels were ionic copolymers of acrylamide, ionic copolymers of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPA) and homopolymers of NIPA. Both anionic (weak acid and strong acid) and cationic (strong base) monomers were used. The following new gels were synthesized: (a) copolymer of acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (R-SO$ sbsp{3}{-}$H$ sp+).$ (b) copolymer of NIPA and R-SO$ sbsp{3}{-}$H$ sp+.$ (c) copolymer of NIPA and sodium vinylsulfonate. The gel structure was varied by changing the following variables at gel preparation: total monomer concentration, fraction of ionizable monomer and proportion of crosslinker.The swelling behavior of the gels at equilibrium was interpreted through a thermodynamic model developed from Flory's theory and an additivity rule for the osmotic pressure of polyelectrolyte-salt solutions. The kinetics of gel swelling were Fickian for NIPA-based gels, but non-Fickian for acrylamide-based gels. The rate of one-dimensional swelling or collapse was described by a mathematical model which used a material coordinate and a chemical potential driving force. Deformed copolymer gels of acrylamide and sodium acrylate exhibited a volume overshoot during swelling.
Extensive exclusion measurements were made for NIPA-based gels using uncharged solutes (polyethylene glycol and dextran), ionic solutes (sodium polyvinyl-sulfonate and dextran sulfate), proteins (ovalbumin, bovine albumin, lactoglobulin and cytochrome C) and enzymes (lipase, $ alpha$-amylase and $ beta$-galactosidase). Exclusion is primarily by size and net charge although some proteins adsorbed onto the surfaces of hydrogels having the same charge.
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Riddiford, Martha. "Social exclusion from early medieval Wessex." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3657/.
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Over the past twenty years Anglo-Saxonists have become increasingly interested in the mechanisms and processes through which West Saxon society was formed into a cohesive and coherent whole. They have focused on the ways in which kings and other figures of authority used their power in attempts to bring their subjects together by providing them with a sense of shared identity, purpose and ambitions. To date, however, academics have failed to recognise the important role that exclusion played in this process and this thesis serves to redress this balance. By examining the types of individuals that were excluded from full membership ofearly medieval West Saxon society and the reasons for their exclusion, it offers a new way of exploring the processes that made this society self-consciously more coherent. The thesis is structured thematically around five separate categories ofpeople who each in their own way experienced some form of social exclusion from the kingdom of Wessex during the seventh to late-tenth centuries, but focusing most heavily on the ninth and tenth centuries. Chapter one explores the concept of social exclusion as voluntary exile, entailing an investigation into the motivations that prompted Anglo-Saxon missionaries and pilgrims to leave behind their homes and kin. Most importantly, this chapter surveys the networks of support that such travellers exploited in order to help them survive as aliens in foreign territories. The next two chapters investigate types of individuals who were excluded as a result of an action or behaviour that was deemed unacceptable by the rest of their society. Chapter two considers the evidence relating to outlawry and excommunication and chapter three takes a broader view of the idea of deviancy and looks at how Anglo-Saxon criminals were brought to justice and punished for their unlawful behaviour. The final two chapters explore the potential for understanding the concept of social exclusion as 'social disadvantage'. Chapter four examines slavery and, most importantly, draws attention to the privileges and rights from which Anglo-Saxon slaves were excluded on account of their status as the legally 'unfree'. The fifth and final chapter considers in detail Anglo-Saxon attitudes to the body in order fully to appreciate the disadvantages that could be caused by bodily ailments; it questions whether or not impaired and disabled individuals experienced any form ofmarginalisation because of their bodily dysfunctionalities.
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Mundis, Daryl. "The law of naval exclusion zones." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2008. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/842/.
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The present work examines naval exclusion zones, with particular emphasis on the jus in bello applicable to such zones. The issues presented by the establishment and use of naval exclusion relate to many aspects of the law of the sea and naval warfare. Naval exclusion zones represent an important issue for national security policy makers, in that the use of such zones during armed conflicts at sea can limit the geographic scope of the conflict. While such zones may promote the principles enshrined in Article 51 of the UN Charter and discourage belligerents from waging naval warfare on a global scale, the use of such zones have the potential for disaster, in that naval commanders who mistakenly operate under the assumption that such zones are “free-fire zones” run the risk of unlawfully sinking hospital ships or other protected vessels. Moreover, naval exclusion zones have become increasingly common during modern naval conflicts, including the Falklands, Iran-Iraq and Persian Gulf Wars. Finally, even when used within the bounds of international law, naval exclusion zones still have the potential to disrupt commercial uses of the seas since they often cut across the claims of neutrals, potentially interfering with neutral commerce, oil exploration or fishing. This thesis traces the development of naval exclusion zones, with particular emphasis on the following: • The historical uses of such zones • The permissible threatres of naval operations under the modern law of the sea regime • The permissible scope of activity within such zones vis-à- vis belligerent warships and merchant vessels • The rights of neutrals in and around naval exclusion zones • The legality of such zones as analysed through the traditional sources of international law The thesis then concludes with recommendations for clarifying and strengthening the rules concerning the scope of permissible activity within such zones.
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Rudoe, Naomi. "Young mothers, education and social exclusion." Thesis, Open University, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539458.
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Batas, Borislav. "Protein refolding using size exclusion chromatography." Thesis, University of Bath, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337817.
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Massimi, Michela. "Pauli's exclusion principle : a philosophical perspective." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.272118.
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OBRINGER, JOHN WILLIAM. "GENETIC EXCLUSION IN BACTERIOPHAGE-T4 (EXONUCLEASES)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184090.
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Genetic exclusion in phage T4 is the prime responsibility of the imm and sp genes. The map region containing imm does not allow sufficient bps to encode for proteins the size reported for the imm gp. After assaying 30 mutants of the genes adjacent to imm, I found 7 in gene 42 that were defective in the imm phenotype. Upon reverting amNG411(42), the mutant most defective exclusion, for its gene 42 phenotype the exclusion phenotype also changed. When assayed in UGA suppressor hosts, imm+ phage showed a decreased exclusion ability indicating that an opal codon was involved in production of the functional imm gp. I concluded that imm and gene 42 overlap in an out-of-phase orientation with the involvement of an opal readthrough. This overlap has implications in the genetic regulation of this region. This region of T4 also encodes several other genes important in phage intra- and interspecific competition. They are B-gt, 42 and sp. Using recombinant DNA techniques, I precisely located the sp gene to a region between 21.647 and 22.014 kbp on the T4 restriction map and determined its molecular weight as approximately 15 kDa. This same region of T4 was purported to contain gene 40. Complementation and marker rescue experiments with sp+ plasmids indicated that genes sp and 40 are the same. Gene 40 mutants also were found to be defective in sp function. Genes sp and 40 were redesignated gene sp/40 thus linking an early expressing gene with the morphogenic pathway of prohead assembly. Functionally, host enzymes exo III and exo V were found as participants in gp imm mediated exclusion. Presumably gp imm alters the pilot protein of the superinfecting DNA thus exposing it. Gp sp functions by an anti-lysozyme action. But the pleiotrophic effects of sp/40 are best explained by a temperature induced conformational rearrangement hypothesis. This work links molecular genetics to the ecological concept of competition and provides insights into the function and the evolutionary significance of the competition cluster genes. The competition cluster encodes fundamental adaptive strategies found universally in nature.
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Christensen, Jonas Fogedgaard. "Physicalism and the causal exclusion argument." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/9801.
Full textAbstract:
Natural science tells us that the world is fundamentally physical - everything is ultimately constituted by physical properties and governed by physical laws. How do we square this picture of the world with the apparent fact that there are genuine causal relations at levels that aren’t described by physics? The problem of mental causation is at the heart of this issue. There are probably two reasons for this. Firstly, if there are any non-physical properties at all, surely mental properties are among them. And secondly, the reality of mental causation is arguably more important to us than the reality of any other kind of causation. Without it, it would be hard for us to make sense of ourselves as agents with free will and moral responsibility. The main purpose of this thesis is to defend a view that accepts a scientific worldview and still allows for mental properties to exist, be non-physical, and be genuine causes of actions and behaviour. Some philosophers are pessimistic that all these goals can be achieved. They think that the only way for mental properties to fit into the causal structure of the world is if these mental properties are really physical properties. I do not find the argument for this view compelling. As I will show, it relies on an implausibly strong constraint on causes that must be amended. Once amended, a new position emerges, the so-called Subset view, which is actually motivated by the very premises that initially pushed us towards a reductive view of mental properties.
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Loizidou, Christiana. "School exclusion : exploring young people's views." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10020590/.
Full textAbstract:
Although school exclusion's negative effects on children, their families, schools and on society in general have been extensively researched, the phenomenon of school exclusion still exists. Previous research has justified the procedure of obtaining pupils' own views as a valuable methodology to develop an understanding of the impact of school exclusion. It has also been suggested that in order to have a greater understanding of school exclusion, further research needs to consider contextual factors such as those related to school and family systems. The study employed a mixed methodological design. Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the experiences of thirteen young pupils regarding school exclusion. In addition, an attitude questionnaire to school and the individual was administered to all participants. Two groups of pupils were involved in this project: pupils who had been permanently excluded (Group One: n=7) and pupils who were at the greatest risk of permanent exclusion but had managed to avoid exclusion. (Group Two: n=6). The sample involves Year 8 and Year 9 pupils, boys and girls educated in settings across an out of London authority (two out of school provisions and one mainstream secondary school). The main aim of this study was to identify risk factors that cause exclusion, but more importantly, ascertain critical factors that prevent exclusion from school by investigating pupils' narratives. Findings derived from the data analysis emphasised the importance of good, positive relationships among all parties (teachers, parents, child), as well as the importance of communication and coordination between the three systems (school, family, child). Furthermore, the data analysis revealed the presence of family support as the most substantial difference between the two groups and indicated how this factor was critical for pupils to avoid school exclusion. Particular attention is given to the factors that help exclusion to be avoided, in order to suggest ways of developing more positive strategies for dealing with school exclusion. Implications for educational psychology practice and service provision are discussed. Avenues for future research are suggested.
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Ballet, Jérôme. "Exclusion et entreprise à vocation sociale." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL12003.
Full textAbstract:
L'allongement de la duree de chomage se traduit par l'exclusion du marche du travail pour un nombre de personnes de plus en plus grand. Cette exclusion est apprehendee en terme de desequilibre dans les stocks de droits individuels. L'incapacite du marche a repondre a l'ensemble des demandes d'emploi est de plus associee a l'incapactie des politiques gouvernementales, notamment les stages de formation, a eliminer l'exclusion. Face a ce phenomene se sont creees des entreprises dont la vocation est l'insertion sociale et professionnelle des personnes exclues. Elles sont appelees entreprises a vocation sociale. Elles utlisent une demarche d'insertion par l'economique en accueillant des beneficiaires sur un poste de travail. Ces entreprises ont une taille optimale, qui est atteinte quand aucune autre personne ne peut etre accueillie sans en meme temps reduire la qualite du service d'insertion pour au moins une autre. Cette taille optimale est liee aux financements disponibles. Sous ces conditions, l'equite et l'efficacite de la demarche sont difficilement conciliables. Une selection des beneficiaires a l'entreprise est probableThe increase of extend unemployment induce a great exclusion of labour market. This exclusion is investigated in terms of desequilibrium in the individual's entitlement set. The incapability of the market to fulfil situations wanted is moreover associated with the incapability of government policy to get rid of the exclusion. Facing this phenomenom, firms which the vocation is the social and professional insertion, have been created. They are called social entreprise. They use an economic's insertion process in which recipient of the service have a post of labour. These firms have an optimal size which is reach when no one more can have a post without reduce the insertion service's suality for another one, at least. This optimal size is linked to available funds. Under these conditions, equity and efficacity of economic's insertion process are hardly reconcilable. An entrance selection of the recipient is probable
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Clément, David. "Pauvreté et exclusion : analyse et mesures." Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE0502.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude de la pauvreté. Elle analyse, dans sa première partie, les critères de distinction entre pauvres et non pauvres. Mesurer la pauvreté suppose d'identifier les personnes pauvres et d'évaluer l'état de pauvreté d'une situation donnée. Identifier les personnes ou les ménages pauvres permettra de mieux cibler les programmes de lutte contre la pauvreté. De la même manière, une évaluation de l'état de pauvreté du pays à une date précise facilitera les comparaisons temporelles et spatiales de la pauvreté. L'idendification des pauvres ou la construction d'un indice de pauvreté peut se faire en suivant plusieurs voies comme l'approche monétaire, l'approche subjective ou encore l'approche directe en terme de biens de consommation. Chacune de ces approches possède ses propres avantages et limites. A la lumière de ces réflexions, une analyse multi-dimensionnelle de la pauvreté semble donc nécessaire dès lors que l'on cherche à rendre compte des évolutions du phénomène de pauvreté. Notre analyse empirique du phénomène de pauvreté est menée dans la deuxième partie et tente, essentiellement, de déterminer dans quelle mesure les théories économiques analysées dans la première partie permettent d'apporter des réponses quant à l'analyse de la pauvreté sur des catégories particulières de ménages français. On constate, en particulier, en France, que les familles monoparentales et les travailleurs à temps partiel sont plus sensibles au risque de pauvreté. Nous avons, pour conclure, confronté la réalité empirique du système de redistribution français aux théories récentes de la justice sociale qui allient égalitarisme et prise en compté de la responsabilité individuelle EN PARTICULIER, EN FRANCE, QUE LES FAMILLES MONOPARENTALES ET LES TRAVAILLEURS A TEMPS PARTIEL SONT PLUS SENSIBLES AU RISQUE DE PAUVRETE. NOUS AVONS, POUR CONCLURE, CONFRONTE LA REALITE EMPIRIQUE DU SYSTEME DE REDISTRIBUTION FRANCAIS AUX THEORIES RECENTES DE LA JUSTICE SOCIALE QUI ALLIENT EGALITARISME ET PRISE EN COMPTE DE LA RESPONSABILITE INDIVIDUELLE.
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Creech, Ryan S. "Social Media, Social Exclusion, and Narcissism." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1437385385.
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Pun, Lok Bahadur 1952. "SEDIMENT EXCLUSION FROM POWER PLANT INTAKES." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276848.
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Creasy, Stella Judith. "Understanding the lifeworld of social exclusion." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2006. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3798/.
Full textAbstract:
In seeking to explain social exclusion. politicians. academics. and commentators alike have highlighted the role of social relationships in securing life chances. In recent years, these discussions have been characterised by three debates; those around the underclass, social cohesion and social capital. Each offers a commentary on the causes of social exclusion and community breakdown which is rooted in a focus on the social interactions within deprived neighbourhoods. As a result these debates raise many questions about the relationship between people, place and the public realm. This thesis contributes to our understanding of these issues by looking at these issues using a social psychological approach. Using a methodological framework grounded in the paradigm of social representations it analyses the cognitive actions of individuals and groups within a locality. This reveals how they generate and maintain a "cultural stock of knowledge". the social relationships which underpin this "lifeworld" and its influence on the life chances of the residents. In particular this research looks at the impact of this lifeworld on public services and regeneration projects in the research area. seeking to understand what effect the lifeworld has on their success or failure. This thesis builds on previous studies grounded in sociological and anthropological research methods in two ways. In the first instance it confirms the importance of socially constructed knowledge to social structures and the role they play in life chances. Yet using a social psychological approach also otTers an innovative way of exploring how socially constructed knowledge is created.maintained and changed by individuals and groups in their mental processes. In doing so, this thesis shows how important such knowledge is in determining social networks, social acts and social change. It therefore reveals how a social psychological approach to social exclusion can complement other forms of research into this phenomenon.
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Shallcross, Linda Zarrin. "Workplace Mobbing: Expulsion, Exclusion and Transformation." Thesis, Griffith University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365687.
Full textAbstract:
Workplace mobbing, defined here as “ganging up” and “the malicious attempt to
force a person out of the workplace” (Davenport, Distler-Schwartz, & Pursell-Elliott,
1999), is a serious issue for individuals, organisations and ultimately broader society.
As such, very high psychological, physical and financial costs have been identified for
those targeted, with important, far-reaching repercussions. The objective of this thesis is
to develop a greater understanding of workplace mobbing and aims to investigate the
experience of those who have self-identified as targets of workplace mobbing, to clarify
workplace mobbing as a distinct form of workplace violence, and to explore the actions
of organisations in responding to workplace mobbing.
While much of the research about mobbing is from the discipline of psychology,
the sociological perspective is explored in this thesis with the objective of developing a
greater understanding of the problem. In pursuit of this objective, this qualitative inquiry
aims to identify any commonalities that typify and distinguish the phenomenon, as well
as any patterns in organisational response. To better understand the social complexities
of the problem, post-structuralist theoretical concepts, in the critical tradition, are drawn
upon.
This thesis is the result of a three year investigation into the experience of some
of those adversely impacted on by the problem. It investigates the problem of workplace
mobbing from the perspective of 212 participants, who self-identified as having been
targeted in public sector organisations across Australia. It explores important individual
and organisational behaviours involved, and the efforts made by participants to alleviate
the problem. The data was gathered from multiple sources including 10,000 emails
between members of an online virtual community, interview data, hundreds of
documents including medical reports, legal documents and court transcripts, and
correspondence from a range of agencies contributing to the mobbing experience of the
participants. While the experience of some participants included public humiliation in
the print and electronic media, the media was also accessed by other participants to
achieve positive outcomes and these reports are also included as important sources of
data. To organise and facilitate the coding and sorting of vast quantities of data, qualitative data analysis computer software programs, including NVivo and MAX, were
utilised.
Consistent with the emancipatory ambitions of qualitative inquiry and exemplarian
action research (Coenen, 2003), this methodology seeks the achievement of positive
outcomes for the participants, for their communities, and for the organisations where
they were employed at the time of their mobbing experience. The thesis framework
follows grounded theory principles (Glaser & Corbin, 1967) regarding the choice of
literature and the theoretical context that follow the identification of propositions. The
approach is multi-disciplinary and draws upon scholarly and non scholarly sources to
better inform the problem.
There are nine propositions that emerged from this thesis and these can be further
refined into the three themes of expulsion, exclusion, and transformation. The
propositions provide a framework for discussion (Bryant & Charmaz, 2007) throughout
this thesis and the themes are discussed in separate chapters. In relation to outcomes, 10
exemplars are identified that may have application for others in similar circumstances.
This thesis concludes that mobbing is a form of oppression or social exclusion
where those who are in the cultural minority in terms of organisational power and
decision-making (Young, 1990) tend to be negatively labelled, stereotyped, and
discredited as being inferior to the dominant culture. Propositions for future research,
identified by those immersed in the problem, include the toxic and dysfunctional nature
of public sector culture, the powerful influence of gossip, the denial of organisational
justice, inadequate support systems, the relationship between gender and mobbing, and
the process of social exclusion. However, the priority areas identified include naming
the problem and the introduction of anti-mobbing legislation, not only to provide legal
remedies to those targeted, but also to assist organisations in more effectively dealing
with the problem.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith Business School
Griffith Business School
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Harding, Rachel. "Friendship and exclusion| A look at how having a best friend within the preschool classroom affects exclusion." Thesis, Mills College, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1538501.
Full textAbstract:
Children often use social exclusion both to establish friendships and to protect interactive space during early childhood (Fanger et al., 2012). However, previous research has focused on elementary school age. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between friendship and exclusion among preschool children. The current study observed 16 focal children (named either part of a best friend pair or non best friend pair) for all behaviors related to being a perpetrator or victim of six types of exclusion as named by Fanger et al. Results revealed that children who were part of a best friend pair excluded others more, but were excluded by peers less while children who were not named as having a best friend excluded less, but were excluded by others more. These results identify a need for further research on social exclusion within the preschool context.
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Manfredini, Aurélia. "Métapsychologie du sujet interdit pour une clinique du dompte-regard." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE2048.
Full textAbstract:
Auprès du sujet sans «activité» (chômeur, allocataire du revenu minimal…) la pratique du clinicien évolue dans le champ de l’exclusion: entre principe de renoncement et logique de culpabilité, la dimension du mal-vu, suscitée par l’épreuve de l’impossible achèvement de l’action sociale, peut se révéler dans les discours des politiques sociales et des professionnels du secteur médico-social. S’ouvre ainsi la piste d’une clinique du Malaise. De plus, une posture singulière se profile où le sujet fait son entrée sur l’espace social soit par la plainte somatique, reconnaissable par la dimension d’injustice comme processus de déplacement, soit par le registre de l’obscénité de la scène du réel: d’une démonstration à une pure monstration –en montrant des clichés d’imagerie médicale, voire des parties du corps –la voie d’une clinique du Trauma semble se dégager également. Ce travail vise à proposer au lecteur une élaboration métapsychologique du sujet interdit, soit le sujet qui se montre incapable de répondre de l’impossible, se soumet à la loi surmoïque et manœuvre avec ce que Lacan définit de la fonction du tableau. Afin d’apaiser la relation avec l’Autre autorité, dont le pouvoir interdit le sujet de parole et de savoir, il met en place une tentative désespérée par le dispositif du «donné à voir» pour éprouver l’élision du regard; c’est un pouvoir capable de réduire la portée de l’œil féroce et vorace. A la croisée du malaise et du trauma, cette étude s’attache à présenter une clinique du Dompte-regardWith an “inactive” individual (unemployed, beneficiary of social security...) the work of a clinician revolves around the field of exclusion: between the principle of renunciation and the sense of guilt, the dimension of the ill perceived, created by the ordeal ensuing the impossibility to achieve some kind of completion of social action, can come to light in the discourse on social policies and of professionals in the medical and social sector. This opens the path of a clinic malaise. Moreover, a singular posture looms where the individual enters the social arena. This posture either surfaces through a somatic complaint which is recognizable by the dimension of injustice as a moving process, or through the exposition of the real in an obscene way: from a mere explanation to a monstrous account of this reality -showing medical imaging , even body parts –the path to a trauma clinic seems to emerge as well. This work aspires to offer the reader a metapsychological elaboration of the dumbfounded individual, in other words, an individual who is unable to surmount the impossible, is submitted to the superego law and has to maneuver with what Lacan characterizes as the function of the painting. In order to appease the relationship with the Other authority whose power prohibits the individual of speech and knowledge, he sets up a desperate attempt through the method of “offered to view”, in order to test the elision of scrutiny; it is a power capable of reducing the scope of the ferocious and voracious eye. At the crossroads between discomfort and trauma, this study focuses on presenting a clinic of Dompte-regard
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Lång, Sara. "Exclusion from Education a Matter Beyond School : A study of girls’ experiences of exclusion from education in Uganda." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Social and Economic Geography, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-123076.
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Franco, Glaziela Aparecida. "Educação no ensino médio : uma forma de inclusão excludente?" Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2015. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/7246.
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Não recebi financiamento
The present paper researches the exclusive inclusion occurring in the Public High School. The goal of this work is to analyze the exclusive inclusion processes which occur in the State Public High School of Minas Gerais, its policies and acting before the exclusion, as well as analyze the factor that contributes to the students’ failure and school evasion of a state school in Poços de Caldas (MG). The field research was made through interviewing school managers, teachers and students using a questionnaire. The analyzes of the interviews showed in general, that the students are guilty of failing or evading the High School, by taking for granted the free instruction given by the State. There is a little awareness that the State only provides the free instruction, but it does not guarantee the staying of the young in school. The results of the questionnaires showed that there are other social restrictions such as the need of work to help the family, a lack of family support, precocious pregnancy, among others that also contribute to this failure and evasion. Therefore it is clear that the failures and evasions are not connected only to the school, but also to the families, to the government policies, and the student itself. We consider that the school must go beyond the role as a simple knowledge and reproductive transmitter, to be a knowledge production establishment, so being strengthened by knowledge and criticality, it may break free from the shackles of neoliberal system.
O presente trabalho investiga a inclusão excludente que ocorre no Ensino Médio público. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar os processos de inclusão excludente que ocorre no Ensino Médio na Rede Pública Estadual de Minas Gerais, suas políticas e atuação frente à exclusão, assim como, analisar os fatores que contribuem para a reprovação e evasão dos alunos, de uma escola pública estadual em Poços de Caldas (MG). A pesquisa de campo foi realizada por meio de entrevistas com gestores escolares e professores, e com alunos utilizando questionário. As análises das entrevistas demonstram que, em geral, os alunos são culpabilizados por reprovarem ou evadirem do Ensino Médio, por não valorizarem o ensino gratuito oferecido pelo Estado. Há pouca percepção que o Estado apenas oferece ensino gratuito para os jovens, mas não garante a permanência deste jovem na escola. Os resultados dos questionários mostraram que existem outros condicionantes sociais, como a necessidade de trabalhar para ajudar na renda familiar, falta de incentivo da família, gravidez precoce, entre outros, que são fatores que também contribuem para a evasão ou reprovação. Deste modo fica claro que as reprovações ou evasões, não estão apenas relacionadas com a escola, mas também com as famílias, as políticas de governo e ao próprio aluno. Consideramos que a escola deve ir além do papel de mera transmissora e reprodutora de conhecimentos, para ser um estabelecimento de produção de saberes, para que fortalecida pelo conhecimento e criticidade, consiga se libertar das amarras do sistema neoliberal.
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McGee, Brandy Jennifer. "Perfectionism, social exclusion, and anorexia nervosa symptoms." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30952.
Full textAbstract:
Anorexia nervosa affects between 0.5% and 1% of the population and kills young women at a
rate 10 times higher than the normal population (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric
Association, 2003; Hoek, 2006). Perfectionism has long been recognized as a risk factor for the
disorder, but that relationship is not well understood. We conducted a longitudinal experimental
study to examine the effect of multidimensional perfectionism on state symptoms of anorexia
nervosa under conditions of social acceptance, social exclusion, and a control condition. In
addition to testing a diathesis-stress model of anorectic symptoms, we also explored whether
rejected affect mediated that relationship. The concurrent results indicated that both trait
perfectionism and perfectionistic self-presentation were predictive of affective, cognitive, and
self-evaluative symptoms of anorexia. However, only perfectionistic self-promotion and
nondisplay of imperfection predicted concurrent symptoms beyond the variance accounted for by
the Big Five personality traits. The longitudinal findings suggested that perfectionistic self-presentation
predicted a worsening of cognitive and self-evaluative anorectic symptoms over
time. By itself, neither trait perfectionism, nor perfectionistic self-presentation was predictive of
concurrent eating behavior or change in eating behavior over time. Tests of the diathesis-stress
model indicated that both trait perfectionism and perfectionistic self-presentation interacted with
level of belongingness to predict change in state symptoms of anorexia nervosa. However, the
different dimensions of perfectionism were predictive o f different aspects of the anorectic
experience. For example, socially prescribed perfectionism interacted with social feedback
condition to predict increasing dietary restriction, whereas self-oriented perfectionism interacted
with social feedback condition to predict change in state self-esteem, and perfectionistic self-promotion
interacted with level of belongingness to predict a worsening of anorectic thoughts. Moreover, with one exception, social acceptance had a negative effect for highly perfectionistic
individuals. Tests of the mediated moderation model revealed that rejected affect mediates the
relationship between perfectionistic self-promotion and anorectic thoughts about rigid weight
regulation in the context of social exclusion. The results are discussed with respect to existing
models of anorectic symptom development and implications for treatment and future research.Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
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Horner, Jory. "Belongingness and Exclusion in College Outdoor Orientation." Thesis, Prescott College, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10743413.
Full textAbstract:
Little is known about the experiences of students on college outdoor orientation trips who experience lower levels of belonging within their group. During this study students who experienced lower belonging on one program were interviewed to identify common characteristics of these experiences. Due to a small number of research participants, the study was expanded through a national survey to include outdoor orientation participants at 23 schools. Although the expansion of the study increased the likelihood of reaching more participants, it did not result in additional interviews. The difficulty in reaching students who experience lower levels of belonging on outdoor orientation trips became a significant element of the research. Aspects of the responses from these individuals may align with experiences of shame. Elements of shame are discussed as a potential explanation for the low response rate, as well as recommendations for future researchers.
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Popovici, Simona-Tereza. "Towards small and fast size-exclusion chromatography." [S.l. : Amsterdam : s.n.] ; Universiteit van Amsterdam [Host], 2004. http://dare.uva.nl/document/77409.
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Auld, Sally Mackinnal. "Privatisation, regulation and exclusion : a theoretical analysis." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365547.
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Goykolov, Dmytro. "ASYMMETRIC SIMPLE EXCLUSION PROCESS IN TWO DIMENSIONS." UKnowledge, 2007. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/496.
Full textAbstract:
Asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) is a driven stochastic lattice model of particles that move preferentially in one direction. If particles move only in one direction, the model is known as totally asymmetric process. Conventionally, preferred direction of motion is chosen to be to the right. Particles interact through the hard core exclusion rule, meaning that no more than one particle is allowed to occupy one lattice site. In this work following ASEP models are presented. First we study square diagonal lattice with particles that occupy one lattice site and move along the square diagonals. Mean-field theory was developed for this model. The results that were obtained are the dependency of the current on density of the particles, spatial density distribution along the horizontal direction and the phase diagram of the system. Mean-field theory results were compared to simulations. Next model was lattice with extended particles, i.e. particles that occupy more than one lattice site. Unlike the first model, in this system the particle-hole symmetry is broken. Results for current flow, density distribution and phase diagrams were obtained both by mean-field theory and Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations. Another system was the lattice with vertical particle drift. Now particles that occupy one lattice site jump not only in one preferred horizontal directions but there is also one preferred vertical direction for particle flow. Both mean-field theory and simulations were studied for this system and results were compared. Also we explore the system with immovable obstacle. Obstacle is one or several particles located at fixed positions. In this model we observe increase in particle density in front of the obstacle and "shadow" behind it. It is expected that the shape and size of those formations are symmetrical in transverse direction.
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Burnaford, Rochelle Milne. "Race, ethnicity, and exclusion in group identity." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3999.
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The current project investigates exclusion in terms of racial/ethnic identity and group behavioral norms. Research concerning the "black sheep effect" evidences the tendency for group members to derogate a fellow in-group member who has violated an important social norm (Marques, Yzerbyt, & Leyens, 1988). Similarly, Oyserman's (2007) model of identity-based motivation argues that any group identity can shape behavior through a process of identity infusion such that group members are motivated to behave in ways that are in-group identity-infused and equally avoid behaviors that are out-group identity-infused. Finally, identity misclassification research provides evidence that individuals feel threatened by the notion that they may have behaved in ways that are congruent with an out-group (e.g., Bosson, Prewitt-Freillino, & Taylor, 2005). Therefore, when a behavior is infused with the identity of an out-group, avoiding such behaviors is seen as an expression of belonging to one's in-group. The current project assesses the consequences of group identity-infusion specifically in the area of academics and racial/ethnic identity. In Study 1, identity-threatened participants who were excluded by an in-group member attributed their exclusion to their out-group identity-infused behavior, but they did not expect exclusion, nor experience heightened negative emotions or anxiety as a result of exclusion. In Study 2, though strongly identified participants were more likely to choose an identity-affirmed partner regardless of task condition, no differences were found for ratings of potential partners. Future research should address ecological validity issues and attempt to make more naturalistic observations of these behavioral patterns. Additionally, a younger sample should be used in order to assess exclusion for "acting White" among students who are legally required to be in school, rather than those who have chosen to pursue higher education.
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Oosthuizen, Elsie Margaretha. "Framing social exclusion : from conceptualization to implementation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402505.
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Bracher, David. "Pupil exclusion from school : an organisational perspective." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288557.
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Alsamih, Munirah. "How Saudi children evaluate religion-based exclusion." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/848880/.
Full textAbstract:
Peer exclusion is when a group of children exclude another child or reject his or her request to join them (Gazelle & Druhen, 2009). Peer exclusion affects the child's wellbeing and academic achievement. A number of studies have examined how children evaluate peer exclusion based on group membership, for example of the basis of gender and ethnicity, in the US and Europe. However, little work has been done in the Middle East. Moreover, no work has included parents with their children to test the relationship between parents and children. This thesis examined how Saudi children and their mothers evaluate religion-based exclusion. Five studies were carried out to achieve the aim of this thesis. The main aim of these studies was to examine how Saudi children evaluate the exclusion of in-group members (Muslim, Sunni) and out-group members (Shia, non-Muslim) when the perpetrator of the exclusion was their father or their peers. In the first study, Saudi children (N= 92) residing in Saudi Arabia were interviewed. Children were more likely to accept exclusion of out-group members than in-group members. Also, they were more likely to accept exclusion when it was ordered by their father than if it was ordered by a group of peers. In the second study, mothers (N= 60) residing in Saudi Arabia and children were interviewed. There was a significant mother-child relationship only when discussing the exclusion of out-group members. In the third study, Saudi children residing in the UK were interviewed (N= 76) and the findings were similar to the first study; children were more likely to accept the exclusion of out-group members than in-group members and exclusion by their fathers than by peers. In the fourth study, Saudi mothers and children residing in the UK were interviewed. There was no significant mother-child relationship in the evaluation of religion-based exclusion. The final study compared Saudi children and their mothers in Saudi Arabia with Saudi children and their mothers in the UK. Saudis in Saudi Arabia were more accepting of exclusion than Saudis in the UK. Children in Saudi Arabia and in the UK were more likely to accept exclusion than their mothers. Generally, children and their mothers in Saudi Arabia and in the UK were more likely to accept exclusion by the father than by their peers. In summary, the results of this thesis suggest that Saudi fathers play a vital role in affecting children's and mothers' attitudes. Mothers seem to hold more tolerant attitudes than their children. The findings are discussed in relation to Saudi culture and the literature on transmission of attitudes and intergroup contact.
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González, Duhart Muñoz de Cote Horacio. "Large deviations for boundary driven exclusion processes." Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675738.
Full textAbstract:
We study the totally asymmetric exclusion process on the positive integers with a single particle source at the origin. Liggett (1975) has shown that the long term behaviour of this process has a phase transition: If the particle production rate at the source and the initial density are below certain critical values, the stationary measure is a product measure, otherwise the stationary measure is spatially correlated. Following the approach of Derrida et al. (1993) it was shown by Grosskinsky (2004) that these correlations can be described by means of a matrix product representation. In this thesis we derive a large deviation principle with explicit rate function for the particle density in a macroscopic box based on this representation. The novel and rigorous technique we develop for this problem combines spectral theoretical and combinatorial ideas and has the potential to be applicable to other models described by matrix products.
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Duffy, Katherine. "Combating poverty and social exclusion in Europe." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/5135.
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Griffiths, Joanne. "Permanent exclusion : sharing pupil's narratives with teachers." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633048.
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During the 1990s, the numbers of pupils being permanently excluded from school increased dramatically (Hodge, 1998). Despite concern amongst educationalists and the government, changes in the law and approaches aimed at reducing exclusion, the level of permanent exclusion remains high. Studies such as Kinder et al. (1999) and Gilbertson (1998), have demonstrated that exclusion is a significant issue within education, and that the consequences of being permanently excluded are negative for young people. Some groups of pupils are at higher risk of exclusion than others, and some of these groups are considered to be already vulnerable to educational disadvantage. Educational psychologists are able to work at an individual and whole school level, to support and advise schools and the local authority, in meeting the needs of pupils at risk of exclusion. The present study is underpinned by social constructionism, narrative psychology, systems theory, and attachment theory. Research on the topic of permanent exclusion has explored a range of issues, including factors that contribute to the causes of exclusion and approaches to reducing exclusion. Research relevant to the present study has focused on exploring teacher and pupil perception of exclusion. The study aimed to collect excluded pupils' narratives about their experiences of exclusion. These narratives were then used to guide focus group meetings with teachers. The aim of the focus groups was to explore teachers' perceptions of exclusions from two contrasting schools. The study used a qualitative methodology, and data was collected using narrative interviews and focus groups. Data collection took place within a single urban local authority in England. Six participants took part in the narrative interviews- these were permanently excluded pupils who were attending Pupil Referral Units (PRUs). Focus groups took place within two secondary schools. One of the schools had a high level of permanent exclusion and the other was a low excluding school. A range of different perceptions was identified within the narrative interviews, and each pupil's story of their exclusion was unique. It was possible, however, to identify a number of similarities between the focus groups. These included pupils having negative relationships with teachers in mainstream school; experiencing a period of difficulty and disengagement preceding their exclusion; regret over being excluded ii and feeling that things were going better for them in the PRU. Analysis of the focus group data revealed that teachers perceive exclusion to be a complex issue with multiple causes. Teachers perceived that skilled and dedicated staff, and good communication within schools, were important, in order to reduce exclusion. A number of implications for the role of educational psychologists were identified. These included supporting teachers to understand pupils' perspectives, and working at a whole school level to help develop systemic approaches to supporting pupils with challenging behaviour. Suggestions for further research included exploring the perceptions of a range of professionals who may work with excluded pupils; and further research exploring sharing pupil perspectives with teachers and teacher perspectives with pupils.
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Concannon, Robert James. "Statistical mechanics of non-Markovian exclusion processes." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8846.
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The Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process (TASEP) is often considered one of the fundamental models of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, due to its well understood steady state and the fact that it can exhibit condensation, phase separation and phase transitions in one spatial dimension. As a minimal model of traffic flow it has enjoyed many applications, including the transcription of proteins by ribosomal motors moving along an mRNA track, the transport of cargo between cells and more human-scale traffic flow problems such as the dynamics of bus routes. It consists of a one-dimensional lattice of sites filled with a number of particles constrained to move in a particular direction, which move to adjacent sites probabilistically and interact by mutual exclusion. The study of non-Markovian interacting particle systems is in its infancy, due in part to a lack of a framework for addressing them analytically. In this thesis we extend the TASEP to allow the rate of transition between sites to depend on how long the particle in question has been stationary by using non-Poissonian waiting time distributions. We discover that if the waiting time distribution has infinite variance, a dynamic condensation effect occurs whereby every particle on the system comes to rest in a single traffic jam. As the lattice size increases, so do the characteristic condensate lifetimes and the probability that a condensate will interact with the preceding one by forming out of its remnants. This implies that the thermodynamic limit depends on the dynamics of such spatially complete condensates. As the characteristic condensate lifetimes increase, the standard continuous time Monte Carlo simulation method results in an increasingly large fraction of failed moves. This is computationally costly and led to a limit on the sizes of lattice we could simulate. We integrate out the failed moves to create a rejection-free algorithm which allows us to see the interacting condensates more clearly. We find that if condensates do not fully dissolve, the condensate lifetime ages and saturates to a particular value. An unforeseen consequence of this new technique, is that it also allowed us to gain a mathematical understanding of the ageing of condensates, and its dependence on system size. Using this we can see that the fraction of time spent in the spatially complete condensate tends to one in the thermodynamic limit. A random walker in a random force field has to escape potential wells of random depth, which gives rise to a power law waiting time distribution. We use the non-Markovian TASEP to investigate this model with a number of interacting particles. We find that if the potential well is re-sampled after every failed move, then this system is equivalent to the non-Markovian TASEP. If the potential well is only re-sampled after a successful move, then we restore particle-hole symmetry, allow condensates to completely dissolve, and the thermodynamic limit spends a finite fraction of time in the spatially complete state. We then generalised the non-Markovian TASEP to allow for particles to move in both directions. We find that the full condensation effect remains robust except for the case of perfect symmetry.
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Lau, Ka Wai Maggie. "Poverty & social exclusion in Hong Kong." Thesis, University of York, 2005. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14133/.
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The aim of this thesis was to develop and test new methods of studying poverty and investigate the extent and prevalence of poverty in a changing society and give insights to policy makers for allocating resources to those people who are in real need. The thesis has 4 main elements - (1) analysis of the relevant Hong Kong and British literature; (2) a secondary data analysist he 1% sample of the 2001 Population Census (the 1% sample); (3) analysis of the survey of living standards in Hong Kong (LS survey); and (4) a comparison of similarities and differences of the key results of the 1% sample and the LS survey, and of the findings of the LS survey and the 1999 Poverty and Social Exclusion Survey (the PSE survey) of the United Kingdom. The development of a theoretical framework for the analysis of poverty and social exclusion in Hong Kong has utilized ideas from Britain and other European countries since poverty studies have had a long history in these countries. The relevance of western categorisations or approaches to a very different society needs to be explored and examined. The present study provides more up-to-date information on definitions and measurement of poverty and social exclusion by utilizing ideas from the United Kingdom and other European countries and hopes to contribute to the development of an improved theoretical framework for the analysis of poverty and social exclusion in Hong Kong. In addition, those previous local poverty studies were useful as showing clearly where poverty research in Hong Kong has got to, its achievements and limitations and form the base of the focus of the LS survey in Hong Kong. They give insights as to how the LS survey might fill some of the gaps of the existing poverty research. There are three research elements in the thesis. First, a secondary data analysis of the 1% sample from the Hong Kong 2001 Population Census was undertaken to provide an updated profile of low-income households in Hong Kong. The sample was drawn from the most recent Population Census by a random sample selection to ensure data accuracy. This study was the first attempt to adopt Bradshaw & Middleton's equivalised income measure (Gordon, et al., 2000: 86-87) to identify the number Of low-income households with reference to various definitions of low-income, and also examine the socio-economic and demographic characteristics of these low-income households in Hong Kong.