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Bolotin, S. V., and V. V. Kozlov. "Topological approach to the generalized $ n$-centre problem." Russian Mathematical Surveys 72, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 451–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/rm9779.
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Knauf, Andreas, and Iskander A. Taimanov. "On the integrability of the n-centre problem." Mathematische Annalen 331, no. 3 (January 12, 2005): 631–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00208-004-0598-y.
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Boscaggin, Alberto, Walter Dambrosio, and Susanna Terracini. "Scattering Parabolic Solutions for the Spatial N-Centre Problem." Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 223, no. 3 (October 31, 2016): 1269–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00205-016-1057-0.
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Barutello, Vivina, Gian Marco Canneori, and Susanna Terracini. "Symbolic Dynamics for the Anisotropic N-Centre Problem at Negative Energies." Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis 242, no. 3 (October 11, 2021): 1749–834. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00205-021-01714-8.
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AbstractThe planar N-centre problem describes the motion of a particle moving in the plane under the action of the force fields of N fixed attractive centres: $$\begin{aligned} \ddot{x}(t)=\sum _{j=1}^N\nabla V_j(x(t)-c_j). \end{aligned}$$ x ¨ ( t ) = ∑ j = 1 N ∇ V j ( x ( t ) - c j ) . In this paper we prove symbolic dynamics at slightly negative energy for an N-centre problem where the potentials $$V_j$$ V j are positive, anisotropic and homogeneous of degree $$-\alpha _j$$ - α j : $$\begin{aligned} V_j(x)=|x|^{-\alpha _j}V_j\left( \frac{x}{|x|}\right) . \end{aligned}$$ V j ( x ) = | x | - α j V j x | x | . The proof is based on a broken geodesics argument and trajectories are extremals of the Maupertuis’ functional. Compared with the classical N-centre problem with Kepler potentials, a major difficulty arises from the lack of a regularization of the singularities. We will consider both the collisional dynamics and the non collision one. Symbols describe geometric and topological features of the associated trajectory.
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Soave, Nicola, and Susanna Terracini. "Symbolic dynamics for the $N$-centre problem at negative energies." Discrete & Continuous Dynamical Systems - A 32, no. 9 (2012): 3245–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2012.32.3245.
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Knauf, Andreas. "The n -centre problem of celestial mechanics for large energies." Journal of the European Mathematical Society 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2002): 1–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100970100037.
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Boscaggin, Alberto, Walter Dambrosio, and Duccio Papini. "Parabolic solutions for the planar N-centre problem: multiplicity and scattering." Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata (1923 -) 197, no. 3 (October 20, 2017): 869–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10231-017-0707-7.
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Soave, Nicola. "Symbolic dynamics: from the N-centre to the (N + 1)-body problem, a preliminary study." Nonlinear Differential Equations and Applications NoDEA 21, no. 3 (October 8, 2013): 371–413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00030-013-0251-0.
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Soave, Nicola, and Susanna Terracini. "Addendum to: Symbolic dynamics for the $N$-centre problem at negative energies." Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems 33, no. 8 (January 2013): 3825–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/dcds.2013.33.3825.
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Juodraitis, Adolfas, and Odeta Šapelytė. "Paradoxicality of the activity of institutional education institutions: principles and opportunities." Social welfare : interdisciplinary approach 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2014): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/sw.2014.28247.
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The article presents the problem of paradoxicality of the activity of juvenile institutional education (i.e., socialisation centres operating in Lithuania). Several important variables have not been considered in the interaction of the activities of the socialisation centre, simultaneously of pedagogical and other staff and learners, their families/foster parents, and this resulted in inconsistency of the implementation of the complex resocialisation process. The article calls for the scientific discussion, actualising essential principles of resocialisation observed in socialisation centres, grounded on empirical data of children’s subjective experience (N= 97) and assessment of specialists of the child socialisation centre (N=94).
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Scott, P. R. "Regular polygons and a propellor problem for convex sets in the plane." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 55, no. 3 (June 1997): 483–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700034122.
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We find the convex planar set of maximal area which is partitioned into subsets of equal area by a given propellor. The argument depends on the characterisation of an n-sided polygon which is circumscribed about a regula n-gon Pn, and inscribed in a regula n-gon Qn, where Pn and Qn are homothetic about their common centre.
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Newton, Paul K., and Houman Shokraneh. "The N -vortex problem on a rotating sphere. I Multi-frequency configurations." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 462, no. 2065 (November 9, 2005): 149–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2005.1566.
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The problem of N -point vortices moving on a rotating unit sphere is considered. Through a sequence of linear coordinate transformations, which takes into account the orientation of the centre of vorticity vector with respect to the axis of rotation, we show how to reduce the problem to that on a non-rotating sphere, where the centre of vorticity vector is aligned with the z -axis. As a consequence, we prove that integrability on the rotating sphere is the same as on the non-rotating sphere, namely, the three-vortex problem on the rotating sphere is integrable for all vortex strengths, while the four-vortex problem is integrable in the special case where the centre of vorticity is zero. Rigid multi-frequency configurations that retain their shape while rotating about two independent axes with two independent frequencies are obtained, and necessary conditions for one- and two-frequency motions are derived. Examples including dipoles which exhibit global ‘wobbling’ and ‘tumbling’ dynamics, rings, and Platonic solid configurations are shown to undergo either periodic or quasi-periodic evolution on the rotating sphere depending on the ratio of the solid-body rotational frequency Ω to the rotational frequency ω associated with the rigid structure.
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Newton, Paul K., and Takashi Sakajo. "The N -vortex problem on a rotating sphere. III. Ring configurations coupled to a background field." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 463, no. 2080 (January 9, 2007): 961–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2006.1802.
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We study the evolution of N -point vortices in ring formation embedded in a background flowfield that initially corresponds to solid-body rotation on a sphere. The evolution of the point vortices is tracked numerically as an embedded dynamical system along with the M contours which separate strips of constant vorticity. The full system is a discretization of the Euler equations for incompressible flow on a rotating spherical shell, hence a ‘barotropic’ model of the one-layer atmosphere. We describe how the coupling creates a mechanism by which energy is exchanged between the ring and the background, which ultimately serves to break up the structure. When the centre-of-vorticity vector associated with the ring is initially misaligned with the axis of rotation of the background field, it sets up the propagation of Rossby waves around the sphere which move retrograde to the solid-body rotation. These waves pass energy to the ring (in the case when the solid-body field and the ring initially co-rotate) or extract energy from the ring (when the solid-body field and the ring initially counter-rotate), hence the Hamiltonian and the centre-of-vorticity vector associated with the N -point vortices are no longer conserved as they are for the one-way coupled model described by Newton & Shokraneh. In the first case, energy is transferred to the ring, the length of the centre-of-vorticity vector increases, while its tip spirals in a clockwise manner towards the North Pole. The ring stays relatively intact for short times, but ultimately breaks-up on a longer time-scale. In the latter case, energy is extracted from the ring, the length of the centre-of-vorticity vector decreases while its tip spirals towards the North Pole and the ring loses its coherence more quickly than in the co-rotating case. The special case where the ring is initially oriented so that its centre-of-vorticity vector is perpendicular to the axis of rotation is also examined as it shows how the coupling to the background field breaks this symmetry. In this case, both the length of the centre-of-vorticity vector and the Hamiltonian energy of the ring achieve a local maximum at roughly the same time.
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VILLARINI, MASSIMO. "Jets of differential equations having integrable extensions." Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems 18, no. 6 (December 1998): 1527–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143385798120904.
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We characterize the set of $n$-jets admitting an extension which is a germ of a differential equation with an analytic first integral, and compute its codimension in the $n$-jet space. Some applications in the case of the centre-focus problem are given.
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Diacu, Florin. "The non-existence of centre-of-mass and linear-momentum integrals in the curved N-body problem." LIBERTAS MATHEMATICA (new series) 32, no. 1 (December 7, 2012): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14510/lm-ns.v32i1.30.
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Sani, Kadri, Garba Abdoul Azize, Harouna A. M. Laouali, Nahiou Oumarou Saratou, ADA Mahamane Laminou, Daou Mamane, and Brah Souleymane. "Management of Severe and Complicated Malaria in Adults in the Emergency Department of the Regional Hospital of Maradi (Niger)." East African Scholars Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36349/easms.2022.v05i01.003.
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Introduction: In sub-Saharan Africa malaria is the 1st cause of consultation and hospitalization and the 2nd cause of death in health centres. Maradi region is one of the most malaria-endemic areas with periods of high prevalence, particularly during the rainy season, due to the heavy rainfall that occurs between May and October. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the emergency department of the Regional Hospital Centre of Maradi from August 1st to August 31st, 2017. Results: 104 patients were admitted to the adult emergency department for severe malaria out of 305 admissions to the centre, i.e., a prevalence of 34.1%. Our sample was composed of 53.84% men (n=56). The average age of our patients was 38.6 years with extremes ranging from 15 to 90 years. Most of the patients had no comorbidity (80.76% of cases). Thick blood drop was used for diagnosis in 93.25% of cases (n=97). The main clinical manifestations were: neurological forms (34, 61% n=36), severe anemia (31, 73% n=33). Conclusion: This study shows that malaria is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan Africa and particularly in Niger because of its prevalence, severity and morbidity.
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Kaufmann, Petra Radeljak, Slaven Kliček, Filip Bišćević, Dino Dokupil, Davorin Jašinski, Marijan Begonja, Harjač Doroteja, Tamara Bosanac, Silvija Komes, and Lana Slavuj Borčić. "Hollowing out and revitalising a post-socialist city centre: Vacant commercial premises in Zagreb." Geographia Polonica 93, no. 3 (2020): 341–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7163/pol.0177.
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The problem of vacant commercial premises has been present in some central areas of transitional cities of Central and Eastern Europe, which have decayed in parallel to spatially uneven urban development processes and/or suburban expansion. This research aims to contribute to systematic analysis of the reasons for abandonment of commercial premises in the centre of Zagreb and exploration of revitalisation strategies, with an emphasis on the significance of citizen participation for successful planning and management of the city. The research was undertaken in two phases in May, 2016. The first included mapping of vacant commercial premises on selected streets in Zagreb’s centre. Next, using a non-probabilistic sample, a questionnaire survey was carried out face-to-face and online (N = 200). The results of the questionnaire survey showed the respondents’ awareness of the complex set of reasons underlying the occurrence and expansion of this phenomenon in the city centre and the need for urban regeneration, including a stronger regulatory framework at the city level.
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Jain, Sudha, Caoimhe Mcloughlin, John Cooney, Aoibheann McLoughlin, Ahad Abdalla, and Siobhan MacHale. "Suburban vs urban: do the attendee's demographic profile influence the emergency department's mental health characteristics presentation?" BJPsych Open 7, S1 (June 2021): S327—S328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2021.861.
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AimsTo compare the Emergency Department (ED) referrals to psychiatry in a suburban versus an urban setting over a one-month to evaluate mental health presentations characteristics across two locations.MethodThis study was a retrospective cross-sectional study examining ED referrals to psychiatry in an inner-city and suburban centre over one month; - one based in an inner-city setting, the other based in a suburban area outside the city. The anonymised data were collected from both hospital's electronic patient records and analysed. The authors collected data on gender, age, employment, housing, the clinical problem at presentation, time of assessment and admissions. Descriptive data and hypothesis testing were performed where appropriate using Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS® version 26.ResultThe total number referred was 213: inner-city n = 109 and suburban n = 104. The inner-city saw a younger population; 47/109 (43%) were aged between 20 and 29 years, compared with 28/104 (27%) of suburban presenters (P-value 0.0134). A higher number of presenters were aged over 60 years in the suburban centre n = 13/104 (12.5%) versus the inner-city centre 3/109 (2.8%) (P-value 0.0084). In the inner-city, the proportion of homeless presenters was significantly higher at 30/109 (28%) versus 5/104 (4.8%) in the suburban setting (P < 0.0001). Presentations related to substances were highest, a total of 73 (34.3%) across both centres, with no significant difference in clinical presentations across the two centres. The majority were seen in the on-call period, 74/109 (67.9%) in the inner-city centre and 66/104 (63.5%) in the suburban centre. The psychiatric admission rate was significantly different between the two centres, with 33/109 (30.3%) patients admitted to the inner-city centre and 13/104 (12.5%) patients admitted to the suburban centre (P-value 0.002).ConclusionA large proportion of ED referrals to psychiatry constitute patients with unmet social and addiction needs. The variance in capabilities of liaison psychiatry (LP) and ED services means the local population's needs may not always be adequately catered for within a typical LP setting, which in the Irish context is predominantly driven by medical and nursing staff. This study highlights many patients attend the ED who may be better assessed directly by the community as per our National Emergency Program policies. This prompts consideration of expanding both ED and community services to comprise a more integrated, multidisciplinary-resourced, 24/7 care model.
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Liu, Fang, Zhao Ya, Ligang Yuan, Yang Zeng, Caiyan Zhai, Zhuozhuang Tong, Juan Huang, Hao Li, and Jiayi Liu. "Design approach for subsea data center based on thermodynamic theory under the premise of building energy conservation." Thermal Science 25, no. 6 Part A (2021): 4209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci2106209l.
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Traditional data centres often require additional energy to drive air conditioning fans etc. to dissipate heat due to the serious power generation problems of servers, which in effect raises the economic costs. Seawater, with its high specific heat capacity and fluidity, offers a viable research direction for reducing economic costs, and this paper is based on this problem. The study shows that it is feasible to use containers as the main structure of the data centre. The number of servers n 860 that can be tolerated by the cooling capacity of the container without considering the limit of geometrical constraints is obtained by calculation. Secondly, in order to enhance the heat dissipation capacity of the data centre, the 6 cm straight ribbed crown fin heat dissipation enclosure is proposed to have the best heat dissipation capacity when comparing various heat dissipation enclosure configurations. A comprehensive assessment model of material properties was established, and the weights of each straight index were determined by analytic hierarchy process, and then the metals were ranked according to the specific scores of each index. The results show that nickel alloys and aluminium alloys are the most suitable.
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Meadows, Noah, Julio F. Navarro, Isabel Santos-Santos, Alejandro Benítez-Llambay, and Carlos Frenk. "Cusp or core? Revisiting the globular cluster timing problem in Fornax." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 3 (November 26, 2019): 3336–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3280.
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ABSTRACT We use N-body simulations to revisit the globular cluster (GC) ‘timing problem’ in the Fornax dwarf spheroidal (dSph). In agreement with earlier work, we find that, due to dynamical friction, GCs sink to the centre of dark matter haloes with a cuspy inner density profile but ‘stall’ at roughly 1/3 of the core radius (rcore) in haloes with constant-density cores. The time-scales to sink or stall depend strongly on the mass of the GC and on the initial orbital radius, but are essentially the same for either cuspy (Navarro–Frenk–White) or cored haloes normalized to have the same total mass within rcore. Arguing against a cusp on the basis that GCs have not sunk to the centre is thus no different from arguing against a core, unless all clusters are today at $\sim(1/3)\,r_{\rm core}$. This would imply a core radius exceeding ∼3 kpc, much larger than seems plausible in any core-formation scenario. (The average projected distance of Fornax GCs is 〈RGC, Fnx〉 ∼ 1 kpc and its effective radius is ∼700 pc.) A simpler explanation is that Fornax GCs have only been modestly affected by dynamical friction, as expected if clusters started orbiting at initial radii of the order of ∼1–2 kpc, just outside Fornax’s present-day half-light radius but well within the tidal radius imprinted by Galactic tides. This is not entirely unexpected. Fornax GCs are significantly older and more metal-poor than most Fornax stars, and such populations in dSphs tend to be more spatially extended than their younger and more metal-rich counterparts. Contrary to some earlier claims, our simulations further suggest that GCs do not truly ‘stall’ at $\sim 0.3\, r_{\rm core}$, but rather continue decaying towards the centre, albeit at reduced rates. We conclude that dismissing the presence of a cusp in Fornax based on the spatial distribution of its GC population is unwarranted.
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Favelukis, Moshe. "Non-Newtonian slender drops in a nonlinear extensional flow." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 877 (August 27, 2019): 561–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.626.
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In this theoretical report we explore the deformation and stability of a power-law non-Newtonian slender drop embedded in a Newtonian liquid undergoing a nonlinear extensional creeping flow. The dimensionless parameters describing this problem are: the capillary number $(Ca\gg 1)$, the viscosity ratio $(\unicode[STIX]{x1D706}\ll 1)$, the power-law index $(n)$ and the nonlinear intensity of the flow $(|E|\ll 1)$. Asymptotic analytical solutions were obtained near the centre and close to the end of the drop suggesting that only Newtonian and shear thinning drops $(n\leqslant 1)$ with pointed ends are possible. We described the shape of the drop as a series expansion about the centre of the drop, and performed a stability analysis in order to distinguish between stable and unstable stationary states and to establish the breakup point. Our findings suggest: (i) shear thinning drops are less elongated than Newtonian drops, (ii) as non-Newtonian effects increase or as $n$ decreases, breakup becomes more difficult, and (iii) as the flow becomes more nonlinear, breakup is facilitated.
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Basharat, Saadia, Ramesh Kumar, Mudassar Mushtaq, and Muhammad Mohsin. "UNDERSTANDING REGARDING ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE AMONG HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONALS IN GOVERNMENT SECTOR OF TEHSIL GUJAR KHAN." Pakistan Journal of Public Health 9, no. 3 (March 14, 2020): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v9i3.361.
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Background: Antibiotic resistance is found to be a continuous threat to effective prevention and treatment of infections and it is a common problem the world facing these days. The severity of problem has increased especially in developing countries with lack of understanding. The objective of the study was to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of antibiotic resistance among different types of health care professionals working in governmental sector of Punjab, Pakistan. Methods: A Cross sectional study was conducted by distributing questionnaire with 136 healthcare professionals working in Tehsil Head Quarter Hospital Gujar Khan, Rural Health Centre Qazian, Rural Health Centre Mandra and Rural Health Centre Daultala. Ethical approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board of Health Services Academy Islamabad. Questions were of true or false type in knowledge section. A Likert scale was used to assess of participants regarding use of antibiotics and its resistance developed among the patients. The responses of this scale ranged "from strongly agreed to strongly disagree, from always to never" and Practices were measured by different factors and drivers. Results: The total number of participants was 136, out of which there were (35%) males and 88 (65%) females. 80 respondents were from THQ Hospital Gujar khan and 56 participants were from three RHCs. It was found in the study that majority 79% (n=107) respondents were demanding by themselves to prescribe them antibiotics. It was found that more than half or 60% (n=81) people strongly agreed that antibiotic resistance is one of the biggest issue worldwide that needs to be addressed. The overall knowledge was found to be good but there were attitude and practice problems. Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate a diverse level of understanding of antibiotics resistance among different health care professionals. Therefore, serious concerns and efforts are still needed to develop, education and trainings to implement strategies to minimize the future risks of antibiotic resistance.
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Horgan, Molly, and Rebecca Duerr. "Gross pathology of herons and egrets (family Ardeidae) at a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Northern California." Wildlife Rehabilitation Bulletin 37, no. 1 (November 29, 2021): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.53607/wrb.v37.126.
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Gross necropsies were performed on all herons and egrets (family Ardeidae) that died or were euthanized at a wildlife rehabilitation centre in Fairfield, California, over a six-week period in the summer of 2018 (n = 145). Of the animals necropsied, 108 (74.5%) were euthanized and 37 (25.5%) died. Common reasons for euthanasia were trauma (n = 24), MBD (n = 39) and non-specific signs such as hypothermia and obtundation that persisted in the face of medical and supportive care (n = 32). MBD was found both in birds at admission (n = 9) and later in care (n = 34), despite calcium supplementation to correct calcium:phosphorus ratios of foods. Feeder fish were suspected to be deficient in vitamin D, and supplementation successfully reduced the development of this problem during the care later in the season. Nematodes of the genus Eustrongylides were found in the coelomic cavities of 43 (30%) birds. High burdens were often accompanied by coelomitis and abscessation involving internal organs. Visceral gout (n = 10) and intestinal perforation (n = 4) were both strongly associated with the administration of meloxicam. These findings suggest meloxicam should be used with caution in these species. Other less common findings included septic arthritis, intestinal perforation and hepatomegaly. This study describes common gross pathological findings of herons and egrets in a wildlife rehabilitation centre in California and demonstrates the utility of gross necropsies in determining cause of death when more advanced post-mortem diagnostics are unavailable
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Hernandez, David M., Richard E. Zeebe, and Sam Hadden. "Stepsize errors in the N-body problem: discerning Mercury’s true possible long-term orbits." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 510, no. 3 (December 17, 2021): 4302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab3664.
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ABSTRACT Numerical integrations of the Solar system have been carried out for decades. Their results have been used, for example to determine whether the Solar system is chaotic, whether Mercury’s orbit is stable, or to help discern Earth’s climate history. We argue that all of the past studies we consider in this work are affected by numerical chaos to different degrees, affecting the possible orbits and instability probability of Mercury, sometimes significantly. We show how to eliminate the effects of numerical chaos by resolving Mercury’s pericentre passage. We also show that several higher order symplectic maps do not exhibit significant differences in resolving pericentre passage of Mercury (at fixed time-step), making their advantages suspect for calculating long-term orbits. Resolving pericentre passage affects a wide array of orbital numerical studies, like exoplanet studies, studies of the galactic centre, and other N-body problems.
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Gray, Heather M., Layne Keating, Howard J. Shaffer, and Debi A. LaPlante. "Observations of the first GameSense-branded responsible gambling centre in a US casino." Health Education Journal 79, no. 1 (July 24, 2019): 104–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896919863121.
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Objective: To help mitigate potential gambling harm, responsible gambling information centres are launching across casino venues in North America. The launch of the first such centre in the USA provided an opportunity to achieve three goals: (1) document the centre’s reach among casino patrons, (2) generate a comprehensive description of services provided, and (3) explore the potential for a dose–response relationship between centre exposure and gambling beliefs and behaviour. Design: We documented services provided and surveyed consecutive centre visitors. Setting: We achieved these goals at the GameSense Info Center, located in the first Massachusetts casino. Method: Programme staff recorded their services via electronic checklist and administered one-page surveys to visitors with whom they discussed problem or responsible gambling. Results: Programme staff reported engaging directly with approximately 1% of daily patrons. About 70% of their interactions were casual. During conversations that did move beyond a casual nature, programme staff typically provided information about responsible gambling, consistent with patrons’ self-reported needs and concerns. Finally, among a sample of patrons who repeatedly engaged with programme staff at the most involved level ( N = 129), those with relatively little programme exposure were more likely to hold an accurate gambling belief but less likely to report having set time limits on their casino visits. Conclusion: We did not observe support for the notion that using an on-site information centre to teach patrons about important gambling concepts is associated with more responsible gambling behaviour.
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Boldrini, Pierre, Roya Mohayaee, and Joseph Silk. "Embedding globular clusters in dark matter minihaloes solves the cusp–core and timing problems in the Fornax dwarf galaxy." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492, no. 3 (January 10, 2020): 3169–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa011.
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ABSTRACT We use a fully GPU N-body code to demonstrate that dark matter (DM) minihaloes, as a new component of globular clusters (GCs), resolve both the timing and cusp–core problems in Fornax if the (five or six) GCs were recently accreted (≤3 Gyr ago) by Fornax. Under these assumptions, infall of these GCs does not occur and no star clusters form in the centre of Fornax in accordance with observations. We find that crossings of GCss that have DM minihaloes near the Fornax centre induce a cusp-to-core transition of the DM halo and hence resolve the cusp–core problem in this dwarf galaxy. The DM core size depends on the frequency of GC crossings. Our simulations clearly demonstrate also that between the passages, the DM halo can regenerate its cusp. Moreover, our models are in good agreement with constraints on the DM masses of GCs as our clusters lose a large fraction of their initial DM minihaloes. These results provide circumstantial evidence for the universal existence of DM haloes in GCs.
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Foriero, A., and B. Ladanyi. "Generalized finite-element algorithm for laterally loaded piles in permafrost in comparison with measurements." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 28, no. 4 (August 1, 1991): 523–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t91-069.
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This paper introduces an elasto-viscoplastic approach for the problem of a single laterally loaded pile in permafrost. The method requires the knowledge of a subgrade modulus k, a creep modulus kr, a yield strength qy, a displacement hardening parameter H* (for an ice-rich soil this amounts to a pure creep problem, thus qy and H* are reduced to zero), and creep parameters n, b, and γ. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is checked against the results of model pile tests that have been carried out at the Northern Engineering Centre of École Polytechnique. Key words: pile, lateral load, laboratory testing, elasto-viscoplastic soil, transient creep law.
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Wong, Paul W. C., Noel C. F. Kwok, Joe Y. C. Tang, Alexander Blaszczynski, and Samson Tse. "Suicidal Ideation and Familicidal-Suicidal Ideation Among Individuals Presenting to Problem Gambling Services." Crisis 35, no. 4 (July 1, 2014): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/0227-5910/a000256.
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Background: Studies have consistently reported high rates of suicidal ideation (SI) among individuals with disordered gambling. None have explored gambling-related familicidal-suicidal ideation (FSI). Aims: This study examined the (1) prevalence of SI and FSI among treatment-seeking gamblers in Hong Kong, (2) characteristic profile of factors associated with SI and FSI, and (3) factors that predict SI and FSI. Method: This is a retrospective analysis of data collected at initial clinical assessments from a specialized gambling counseling centre in Hong Kong. Participants were gamblers (N = 3,686) who sought treatment at the centre between 2003 and 2012. Information about socio-gambling demographics, physical and mental health status, current presenting problems, self-rated South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS, Chinese version), and occurrence of SI or FSI were examined. Descriptive analysis and ordinal regression analysis were used to investigate the characteristics of the gamblers and the association of variables. Results: In our sample, 720 (20.0%) individuals reported SI, and 22 (0.6%) individuals reported FSI at the initial assessment. Individuals with SI and FSI differed from the nonsuicidal individuals in terms of their demographics, gambling experiences and severity, mental and physical wellbeing, and types of gambling-related problems. The adjusted ordinal regression model shows that participating in table games in casinos and having familial and financial problems seem to enhance the likelihood of having SI and FSI. Conclusion: While mental health issues are significantly related to SI and FSI among gambling treatment seekers, the impacts of physical, family, and financial strains should not be underestimated.
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ICHIKI, KENGO. "Improvement of the Stokesian Dynamics method for systems with a finite number of particles." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 452 (February 10, 2002): 231–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112001006735.
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An improvement of the Stokesian Dynamics method for many-particle systems is presented. A direct calculation of the hydrodynamic interaction is used rather than imposing periodic boundary conditions. The two major difficulties concern the accuracy and the speed of calculations. The accuracy discussed in this work is not concerned with the lubrication correction but, rather, focuses on the multipole expansion which until now has only been formulated up to the so-called FTS version or the first order of force moments. This is improved systematically by a real-space multipole expansion with force moments and velocity moments evaluated at the centre of the particles, where the velocity moments are calculated through the velocity derivatives; the introduction of the velocity derivatives makes the formulation and its extensions straightforward. The reduction of the moments into irreducible form is achieved by the Cartesian irreducible tensor. The reduction is essential to form a well-defined linear set of equations as a generalized mobility problem. The order of truncation is not limited in principle, and explicit calculations of two-body problems are shown with order up to 7. The calculating speed is improved by a conjugate-gradient-type iterative method which consists of a dot-product between the generalized mobility matrix and the force moments as a trial value in each iteration. This provides an O(N2) scheme where N is the number of particles in the system. Further improvement is achieved by the fast multipole method for the calculation of the generalized mobility problem in each iteration, and an O(N) scheme for the non-adaptive version is obtained. Real problems are studied on systems with N = 400 000 particles. For mobility problems the number of iterations is constant and an O(N) performance is achieved; however for resistance problems the number of iterations increases as almost N1/2 with a high accuracy of 10−6 and the total cost seems to be O(N3/2).
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Kholmogorova, A. B., and E. N. Klimenkova. "Empathic Ability In The Context Of The Subjectivity Problem." Консультативная психология и психотерапия 25, no. 2 (2017): 75–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpp.2017250205.
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The article discusses the connection between the phenomena of empathy and subjectivity from the standpoint of cultural and historical psychology (L.S. Vygotsky) and the reflexive-activity approach (V.K. Zaretsky and others). We conduct a meth- odological analysis of the sources of empathic abilities and subjectivity (sense of agency, intentionality) in anthropogenesis (M. Tomasello), investigate the common roots of these phenomena in the development of dialogical thinking in ontogenesis (C. Fernyhough), and postulate a hypothesis on the interrelation of their higher, mature forms. We present the results of the empirical study of empathy and subjec- tivity in university and college students (N=154). In the group of university students, the relationship between empathic ability, perspective taking, emotional support and position of agency in learning is revealed. College students have a lower level of em- pathic abilities and a greater degree of objective (passive) and negative positions in the learning activity, their position of agency is weakly connected to perspective tak- ing and shows a significant negative correlation with personal distress. Conclusion: students with a more pronounced subjective position (stronger sense of agency) have a stronger empathic ability, which confirms the initial hypothesis. This article was prepared with the financial support of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation (grant № 14-18-03461) at the Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology under the Ministry of Public Health of the Russian Federation.
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Winter, Andrew J., Cathie J. Clarke, Giovanni P. Rosotti, Alvaro Hacar, and Richard Alexander. "A solution to the proplyd lifetime problem." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 490, no. 4 (September 16, 2019): 5478–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz2545.
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ABSTRACT Protoplanetary discs (PPDs) in the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) are irradiated by UV fields from the massive star θ1C. This drives thermal winds, inducing mass-loss rates of up to $\dot{M}_\mathrm{wind}\sim 10^{-7}\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ yr−1 in the ‘proplyds’ (ionized PPDs) close to the centre. For the mean age of the ONC and reasonable initial PPD masses, such mass-loss rates imply that discs should have been dispersed. However, $\sim 80{\,{\rm {per\, cent}}}$ of stars still exhibit a near-infrared excess, suggesting that significant circumstellar mass remains. This ‘proplyd lifetime problem’ has persisted since the discovery of photoevaporating discs in the core of the ONC by O’Dell & Wen (1994). In this work, we demonstrate how an extended period of star formation can solve this problem. Coupling N-body calculations and a viscous disc evolution model, we obtain high disc fractions at the present day. This is partly due to the migration of older stars outwards, and younger stars inwards such that the most strongly irradiated PPDs are also the youngest. We show how the disc mass distribution can be used to test the recent claims in the literature for multiple stellar populations in the ONC. Our model also explains the recent finding that host mass and PPD mass are only weakly correlated, in contrast with other regions of similar age. We conclude that the status of the ONC as the archetype for understanding the influence of environment on planet formation is undeserved; the complex star formation history (involving star formation episodes within ∼0.8 Myr of the present day) results in confusing signatures in the PPD population.
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Gialamas, Angela, Murthy N. Mittinty, Michael G. Sawyer, Stephen R. Zubrick, and John Lynch. "Time spent in different types of childcare and children's development at school entry: an Australian longitudinal study." Archives of Disease in Childhood 100, no. 3 (September 9, 2014): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2014-306626.
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ObjectiveTo investigate whether the total amount of time in childcare through the first 3 years of life was associated with children's receptive vocabulary, externalising and internalising problem behaviours at age 4–5 years, and whether this association varied for different types of childcare.MethodsWe used data from the prospective, population-based Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (n=3208–4066, depending on outcome). Parental reports of the time spent in different types of childcare were collected at face-to-face interviews at age 0–1years and at age 2–3 years. Children's receptive vocabulary was directly assessed in the child's home, and externalising and internalising behaviours were measured by questionnaire, completed by parents and teachers at age 4–5 years.ResultsAt 3 years of age, 75% of the sample spent regular time in the care of someone other than the parent. After adjustment, more time in childcare was not associated with children's receptive vocabulary ability but was associated with higher levels of parent-reported (β=0.10 (95% CI 0.00 to 0.21)) and teacher-reported (β=0.31 (0.19 to 0.44)) externalising problem behaviours and lower levels of parent-reported internalising problem behaviours (β=−0.08 (−0.15 to −0.00)). Compared with children who did not attend any type of childcare, children in centre-based care had higher parent-reported and teacher-reported externalising and lower internalising problem behaviours.ConclusionsMore time in centre-based childcare (but not other types of care) through the first 3 years of life was associated with higher parent-reported and teacher-reported externalising problem behaviours, and lower parent-reported internalising problem behaviours but not with children's receptive vocabulary ability at school entry.
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Stubbe, Janine H., Angelo Richardson, and Rogier M. van Rijn. "Prospective cohort study on injuries and health problems among circus arts students." BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 4, no. 1 (June 2018): e000327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000327.
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AimThe amount of injuries, illnesses and mental health problems was calculated among circus arts students, using a method designed to capture more than just time-loss and/or medical injuries. Furthermore, injury incidence rate, injury incidence proportions, anatomical injury location and severity of injuries were assessed.MethodsA total of 44 first-year, second-year and third-year circus arts students were prospectively followed during one academic year. Every month, all students were asked to complete questionnaires by using the online Performing Artist and Athlete Health Monitor, which includes the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire on Health Problems.ResultsIn total, 41 students completed the entire follow-up period. The response rate was 82.9%. During the academic year, all (100%) students reported a health problem. A total of 261 health problems were reported consisting of 184 injuries (70.5%), 51 illnesses (19.5%), 15 mental problems (5.0%) and 11 other health problems (3.1%). The injury incidence rate was 3.3 injuries per 1000 hours (95% CI 2.7 to 3.9). Monthly incidence proportion for substantial injuries (ie, problems leading to moderate or severe reductions in training volume or in performance or complete inability to participate in activities) ranged from 6.8% to 34.1%. Shoulder (n=51; 27.7%), lower back (n=29; 15.8%), wrist (n=26; 14.1%) and ankle (n=17; 9.2%) were the most reported injuries. The average duration of the injuries was 6.9 days (median=2.0; SD=15.0).ConclusionsWe implemented a new registration method for circus artists, which captures a complete picture of the burden of health problems in circus students. Our study showed that the burden of injuries is high in this population.
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Dehours, Emilie, Baptiste Vallé, Vincent Bounes, Claire Girardi, Julien Tabarly, François Concina, Michel Pujos, and Jean Louis Ducassé. "User satisfaction with maritime telemedicine." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 18, no. 4 (May 17, 2012): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/jtt.2012.110910.
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We assessed the satisfaction of onboard caregivers with the maritime telehealth service provided by the Centre de Consultations Médicales Maritimes (CCMM). We conducted a survey of captains and caregivers by email. Of the 385 surveys sent out, 165 (43%) were completed. Eighty four percent of responders ( n = 110) thought that waiting time was satisfactory or very satisfactory, and 97% ( n = 128) were satisfied or very satisfied with their relationship with the remote physician. Thirty eight per cent of participants ( n = 50) considered that the physician understood the medical problem very well; understanding was good in 58% of cases ( n = 76) and bad in only 4% of cases ( n = 5). Sixty two per cent of participants ( n = 83) sent pictures before consultation. The respondents were also satisfied with the telephone advice overall, the competence of the physicians providing the advice, the length of time spent waiting, the verbal prescription and the medical advice given. Onboard caregivers were generally well satisfied with the maritime teleconsultations and the advice provided by the CCMM physicians.
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Miers, C. Robert. "Commutativity Preserving Maps of Factors." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 40, no. 1 (February 1, 1988): 248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1988-011-1.
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By a von Neumann algebra M we mean a weakly closed, self-adjoint algebra of operators on a Hilbert space which contains I, the identity operator. A factor is a von Neumann algebra whose centre consists of scalar multiples of I.In all that follows ϕ:M → N will be a one to one, *-linear map from the von Neumann factor M onto the von Neumann algebra N such that both ϕ and ϕ−1 preserve commutativity. Our main result states that if M is not of type I2 then where is an isomorphism or an antiisomorphism, c is a non-zero scalar, and λ is a *-linear map from M into ZN, the centre of N.Our interest in this problem was aroused by several recent results. In [1], Choi, Jafarian, and Radjavi proved that if S is the real linear space of n × n matrices over any algebraically closed field, n ≧ 3, and ψ a linear operator on S which preserves commuting pairs of matrices, then either ψ(S) is commutative or there exists a unitary matrix U such thatfor all A in S. They proved an analogous result for the collection of all bounded self-adjoint operators on an infinite dimensional Hilbert space when ψ is one to one. Subsequently, Omladic [7] proved that if ψ:L(X) → L(X) is a bijective linear operator preserving commuting pairs of operators where X is a non-trivial Banach space, thenwhere U is a bounded invertible operator on X and A′ is the adjoint of A.
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Aziz, Abdul, and B. A. Zargar. "On the critical points of a polynomial." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 57, no. 1 (February 1998): 173–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000497270003152x.
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Let p be a complex polynomial, of the form , where |zk| ≥ 1 when 1 ≤ k ≤ n − 1. Then p′(z) ≠ 0 if |z| /n.Let B(z, r) denote the open ball in with centre z and radius r, and denote its closure. The Gauss-Lucas theorem states that every critical point of a complex polynomial p of degree at least 2 lies in the convex hull of its zeros. This theorem has been further investigated and developed. B. Sendov conjectured that, if all the zeros of p lie in then, for any zero ζ of p, the disc contains at least one zero of p′; see [3, Problem 4.1]. This conjecture has attracted much attention-see, for example, [1], and the papers cited there. In connection with this conjecture, Brown [2] posed the following problem.
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Laxmi, S. Bhavana, Sri Harsha Kandikonda, Jyothi Lakshmi Naga Vemuri, and R. L. Lakshman Rao. "A study on prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adult tuberculosis patients in tertiary health care centre, Hyderabad." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 3 (February 22, 2019): 1225. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20190616.
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Background: Tuberculosis is a major public health problem and is among top ten causes of deaths worldwide. People with diabetes are three times at higher risk of getting infected with tuberculosis. Globally 10.4 million TB cases exists of them 10% are linked to diabetes. In India 13% of Tuberculosis cases were diabetic. DM has been reported to modify the clinical features of TB. The objectives were to study the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adult tuberculosis patients registered in DOTS centre in tertiary health care centre, Hyderabad and to study the clinical profile of tuberculosis in study subjects.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 4 DOTS centres under tertiary health care facility, Hyderabad. Sample size 200 was calculated using formula 4PQ/L2. Study subjects were registered adult tuberculosis patients attending DOTS centre and undergoing anti tuberculosis treatment. Data from study subjects was obtained by interview method using semi structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic parameters and clinical parameters.Results: Out of 200 patients, the prevalence of DM was found to be 18% (n=36). Increasing age (p<0.000), male sex (p=0.04), low BMI (p=0.02), family history of TB (p=0.017), Sputum positive severity (p=0.0008) are significantly associated with DM-TB comorbidity and clinical manifestations like bilateral involvement (p=0.151), multi lobes (p=0.243), other associated lung diseases (p=0.154), treatment category (p=0.8203) are not significantly associated with DM-TB comorbidity.Conclusions: Bidirectional screening of TB and DM will detect early and prevent complications of comorbiditiy.
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Thomson, Andrew J., Georgios Giannopoulos, Jules Pretty, Elizabeth M. Baggs, and David J. Richardson. "Biological sources and sinks of nitrous oxide and strategies to mitigate emissions." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1593 (May 5, 2012): 1157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0415.
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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is a powerful atmospheric greenhouse gas and cause of ozone layer depletion. Global emissions continue to rise. More than two-thirds of these emissions arise from bacterial and fungal denitrification and nitrification processes in soils, largely as a result of the application of nitrogenous fertilizers. This article summarizes the outcomes of an interdisciplinary meeting, ‘Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) the forgotten greenhouse gas’, held at the Kavli Royal Society International Centre, from 23 to 24 May 2011. It provides an introduction and background to the nature of the problem, and summarizes the conclusions reached regarding the biological sources and sinks of N 2 O in oceans, soils and wastewaters, and discusses the genetic regulation and molecular details of the enzymes responsible. Techniques for providing global and local N 2 O budgets are discussed. The findings of the meeting are drawn together in a review of strategies for mitigating N 2 O emissions, under three headings, namely: (i) managing soil chemistry and microbiology, (ii) engineering crop plants to fix nitrogen, and (iii) sustainable agricultural intensification.
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Ayusheeva, V. G., V. S. Batomunkuev, and N. R. Zangeeva. "Asymmetry (inequality) of spatial development in Russia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 885, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/885/1/012013.
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Abstract The uneven development of countries and regions is one of the major topics of geography. Since its subject, as defined by N N Baransky, is the difference from place to place. Considering economic activity, socio-economic processes and indicators in the territorial aspect, we are confronted with the inequality of their distribution across the territory. This problem is particularly relevant, because the objective reality, due to the diversity and uniqueness of local conditions, as well as historical, economic, political reasons. Currently, there are various approaches to measuring socio-economic asymmetry. The “centre-periphery” model is remarkably resilient and flexible, and is able to maintain its properties under different socio-economic conditions. Based on statistical analysis (1995-2018), GRP per capita by regions of Russia was examined, as well as correlation coefficients.
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Mulud, Zamzaliza Abdul, Norhidayu Sukardi, and Norfidah Mohamad. "Anxiety, Depression and Behaviour Problems among Preadolescent Primary School Children." Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 4, no. 11 (July 14, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i11.1724.
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Although are many previous studies reported the factors associated with anxiety, depression and behaviour problems, but few studies have focused on the association between mental health (anxiety and depression) and problem behaviours in children. The current study aimed to determine the association between anxiety, depression and behaviour problems among preadolescent school children (n = 386). Results found that 7.7% and 10.1% of participants reported abnormal levels of depression and anxiety and it is correlated significantly with the children's problematic behaviours. The findings of the study provide valuable insight into understanding the mental health and behaviours of preadolescence primary school children in Malaysia.eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i11.1724
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Zyablyuk, Rimma, and Nina Titova. "The Neoindustrialization of Russian Economy: Necessity and Possibility (Review of the Roundtable on Neoindustrialization of Russian Economy)." Moscow University Economics Bulletin 2016, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 119–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.38050/01300105201627.
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The article presents an overview of the extended session of the round table devoted to the problem of neoindustrialization of Russian economy conducted by the Problem group «Reproduction and economic growth» (leader doctor of Economics, Professor V. N. Cherkovets) in conjunction with the Center for national economic model of Russia (leader doctor of Economics, Professor V. M. Kuljkov), Centre for economic performance and productive labour (leader doctor of Economics, Professor A. O. Verenikin) of the Department of political economy to Economic faculty of Moscow State University. The discussion was concentrated on the problem of neoindustrialization of the Russian economy, the creation of a system of automated machines, the new (technological) level of the productive forces. New and adequate technology forms of organization and forms of ownership were elaborated. Such changes indicate the transition to a new model (system) of economic development which essential features are a system of vertical integration, inter-industry interaction on the basis of vertically integrated chains of value added production, increasing the efficiency of the economy and its functionning in accordance with the principles of humanistic development.
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E., Sivakumar, and Ramasubramaniam P. "Foreign body aspiration in children." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 7, no. 1 (December 24, 2019): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20195733.
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Background: Foreign Body (FB) aspiration is a life-threatening problem in children. Here the demographic pattern, clinical presentation, type of Foreign Body (FB) and outcome of FB aspiration was examined.Methods: An observational case series study done in Institute of child health and research centre, Government Rajaji hospital, Madurai during November 2015 to June 2018. After a detailed history and clinical examination, children with definite evidence of FB in tracheobronchial tree were subjected to rigid bronchoscopy and with doubtful evidence were subject to FFBS. They were followed up for complications.Results: Of the 136 children, 86.03% (n=117) were under 3 years of age. A positive history of FB aspiration was present only in 51.4% (n=70). Unilateral hyperinflation was seen in 48.53% (n=66) but was normal in 13.97% (n=19). Flexible Fiber Optic Bronchoscopy (FFBS) diagnosed FBs in 61.02% (n=83) which included children with acute onset breathlessness and persistent radiological features. Peanut was the most common FB 64.71% (n=44). FBs were found in the right side in 50% (n=34) and in the left in 38.2% (n=26). 36% (n=49) developed complications due to the FBs and 2.9% (n=4) due to procedure.Conclusions: FB aspiration is most common in children less than 3 years of age. Positive history of aspiration was seen in only 51.4% and chest X-ray was normal in 13.97%. FFBS diagnosed FB in 61.02%. Peanut was the most common FB. Persistent pneumonitis is the most common complication.
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Jones, S., and A. T. Stelbovics. "Towards a Direct Numerical Solution of Schrödinger’s Equation for (e, 2e) Reactions." Australian Journal of Physics 52, no. 3 (1999): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph98109.
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The finite-difference method for electron{hydrogen scattering is presented in a simple, easily understood form for a model collision problem in which all angular momentum is neglected. The model Schrödinger equation is integrated outwards from the atomic centre on a grid of fixed spacing h. The number of difference equations is reduced each step outwards using an algorithm due to Poet, resulting in a propagating solution of the partial-differential equation. By imposing correct asymptotic boundary conditions on this general, propagating solution, the particular solution that physically corresponds to scattering is obtained along with the scattering amplitudes. Previous works using finite differences (and finite elements) have extracted scattering amplitudes only for low-level transitions (elastic scattering and n = 2 excitation). If we are to eventually extract ionisation amplitudes, however, the numerical method must remain stable for higher-level transitions. Here we report converged cross sections for transitions up to n = 8, as a first step towards obtaining ionisation (e; 2e) results.
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Mishra, Shubhankar, T. V. Ramkumar, Ashok Kumar Biswas, and Sambedana Panigrahi. "Childhood Poisoning, A Rising Epidemic in Developing Nations: Large Single Centre Study." Journal of Nepal Paediatric Society 37, no. 2 (February 24, 2018): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v37i2.16843.
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Introduction: Poisoning is a major problem in children. The aims of this study were to determine the pattern of poisoning in children along with seasonal incidence, duration of treatment and outcome in referral centre of eastern India.Materials and Methods: All the children admitted to paediatric ward of MKCG Medical college and hospital from 1st April 2015 to 31st March 2016 (1 year) with history or suspicion of poisoning and animal bites were included in the study. Brought dead patients and the children with side effects due to ingested drugs in prescribed amount were excluded from the study.Results: Total 530 cases were documented with highest incidence in rainy season. 1-6 years children were mostly vulnerable (42.6%). Accidental mode was the major cause in small children and suicidal, in older. Animal bites and stings (n=241) were the commonest followed by chemical poisonings. Kraits were commonest culprit in snake envenomation group. Alprazolam was most common drug causing drug overdose. Total numbers of death were 27. Major cause of death was organo- phosphorus poisoning (OP) and snakebite. Mean days of hospitalization was 2.5 days and death after hospitalization was 1.8 days.Conclusion: Most of the childhood poisonings were due to accidental cause. Animal bites were mostly due to snakes. Maximum numbers of deaths were due to OP poisoning. Watchful observation, clean and clear environment, understanding the problems of adolescence, friendly atmosphere in home can prevent most of the poisonings and animal bites in children.
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Willis, D. M., A. C. Holder, and C. J. Davis. "Possible configurations of the magnetic field in the outer magnetosphere during geomagnetic polarity reversals." Annales Geophysicae 18, no. 1 (January 31, 2000): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-000-0011-4.
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Abstract. Possible configurations of the magnetic field in the outer magnetosphere during geomagnetic polarity reversals are investigated by considering the idealized problem of a magnetic multipole of order m and degree n located at the centre of a spherical cavity surrounded by a boundless perfect diamagnetic medium. In this illustrative idealization, the fixed spherical (magnetopause) boundary layer behaves as a perfectly conducting surface that shields the external diamagnetic medium from the compressed multipole magnetic field, which is therefore confined within the spherical cavity. For a general magnetic multipole of degree n, the non-radial components of magnetic induction just inside the magnetopause are increased by the factor {1 + [(n + 1)/n]} relative to their corresponding values in the absence of the perfectly conducting spherical magnetopause. An exact equation is derived for the magnetic field lines of an individual zonal (m = 0), or axisymmetric, magnetic multipole of arbitrary degree n located at the centre of the magnetospheric cavity. For such a zonal magnetic multipole, there are always two neutral points and n-1 neutral rings on the spherical magnetopause surface. The two neutral points are located at the poles of the spherical magnetopause. If n is even, one of the neutral rings is coincident with the equator; otherwise, the neutral rings are located symmetrically with respect to the equator. The actual existence of idealized higher-degree (n>1) axisymmetric magnetospheres would necessarily imply multiple (n + 1) magnetospheric cusps and multiple (n) ring currents. Exact equations are also derived for the magnetic field lines of an individual non-axisymmetric magnetic multipole, confined by a perfectly conducting spherical magnetopause, in two special cases; namely, a symmetric sectorial multipole (m = n) and an antisymmetric sectorial multipole (m = n-1). For both these non-axisymmetric magnetic multipoles, there exists on the spherical magnetopause surface a set of neutral points linked by a network of magnetic field lines. Novel magnetospheric processes are likely to arise from the existence of magnetic neutral lines that extend from the magnetopause to the surface of the Earth. Finally, magnetic field lines that are confined to, or perpendicular to, either special meridional planes or the equatorial plane, when the multipole is in free space, continue to be confined to, or perpendicular to, these same planes when the perfectly conducting magnetopause is present.Key words. Geomagnetism and paleomagnetism (reversals-process, time scale, magnetostratigraphy) · Magnetospheric physics (magnetopause, cusp, and boundary layers; magnetospheric configuration and dynamics)
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Feng, Xuelei, Feiqin Xie, Chi O. Ao, and Richard A. Anthes. "Ducting and Biases of GPS Radio Occultation Bending Angle and Refractivity in the Moist Lower Troposphere." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 37, no. 6 (June 2020): 1013–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-19-0206.1.
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AbstractRadio occultation (RO) can provide high-vertical-resolution thermodynamic soundings of the planetary boundary layer (PBL). However, sharp moisture gradients and strong temperature inversion lead to large gradients in refractivity N and often cause ducting. Ducting results in systematically negative RO N biases resulting from a nonunique Abel inversion problem. Using 8 years (2006–13) of Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) RO soundings and collocated European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts interim reanalysis (ERA-I) data, we confirm that the large lower-tropospheric negative N biases are mainly located in the subtropical eastern oceans and we quantify the contribution of ducting for the first time. The ducting-contributed N biases in the northeast Pacific Ocean (160°–110°W; 15°–45°N) are isolated from other sources of N biases using a two-step geometric-optics simulation. Negative bending angle biases in this region are also observed in COSMIC RO soundings. Both the negative refractivity and bending angle biases in COSMIC soundings mainly lie below ~2 km. Such bending angle biases introduce N biases that are in addition to those caused by ducting. Following the increasing PBL height from the southern California coast westward to Hawaii, centers of maxima bending angles and N biases tilt southwestward. In areas where ducting conditions prevail, ducting is the major cause of the RO N biases. Ducting-induced N biases with reference to ERA-I compose over 70% of the total negative N biases near the southern California coast, where strongest ducting conditions prevail, and decrease southwestward to less than 20% near Hawaii.
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Fröhlich, Felix A., Fabian Halleck, Lukas Lehner, Eva V. Schrezenmeier, Marcel Naik, Danilo Schmidt, Dmytro Khadzhynov, Katharina Kast, Klemens Budde, and Oliver Staeck. "De-novo malignancies after kidney transplantation: A long-term observational study." PLOS ONE 15, no. 11 (November 30, 2020): e0242805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0242805.
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Background De-novo malignancies after kidney transplantation represent one major cause for mortality after transplantation. However, most of the studies are limited due to small sample size, short follow-up or lack of information about cancer specific mortality. Methods This long-term retrospective analysis included all adult patients with complete follow-up that underwent kidney transplantation between 1995 and 2016 at our centre. All patients with diagnosis of malignancy excluding non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) were identified and a matched control group was assigned to the kidney transplant recipients with post-transplant malignancies. Results 1417 patients matched the inclusion criteria. 179 malignancies posttransplant were diagnosed in 154 patients (n = 21 with two, n = 2 patients with three different malignancies). Mean age at cancer diagnosis was 60.3±13.3 years. Overall incidence of de-novo malignancies except NMSC was 1% per year posttransplant. Renal cell carcinoma was the most common entity (n = 49, incidence 4.20 per 1000 patient years; cancer specific mortality 12%), followed by cancer of the gastro-intestinal tract (n = 30, 2.57; 50%), urinary system (n = 24, 2.06; 13%), respiratory system (n = 18, 1.54; 89%), female reproductive system (n = 15, 1.29; 13%), posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders and haematological tumours (n = 14, 1.20; 21%), cancers of unknown primary (n = 7, 0.60 100%) and others (n = 22, 1.89; 27%). Male sex, re-transplantation and time on dialysis were associated with de-novo malignancies after transplantation. Conclusion De-novo malignancies continue to be a serious problem after kidney transplantation. To improve long-term outcome after Kidney transplantation, prevention and cancer screening should be more tailored and intensified.
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Doshi, Samik, Jeremy Chad, Karin Archer-Myles, and Monika K. Krzyzanowska. "Stakeholder perspectives on the use of telehealth to improve ambulatory care for chemotherapy patients in a large urban cancer centre." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 8_suppl (March 10, 2017): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.8_suppl.86.
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86 Background: Chemotherapy outpatients are often left in vulnerable positions without direct access to their providers between appointments, which can lead to Emergency Department (ED) visits to address side effects. Improved use of telehealth has been postulated in the literature as a potential low-cost tool to manage this problem. Our objective was to explore, as a case study, how telehealth can be optimized to provide better care to ambulatory chemotherapy patients. Methods: This study was done at Princess Margaret Cancer Centre in Toronto. Semi-structured interviews (n = 21) were conducted to elicit a broad set of perspectives on the feasibility and constraints of implementing new telehealth measures in the breast cancer (BC) clinic. Interviewees included hospital administrators (n = 3), nurse managers (n = 4), BC nurses (n = 3), BC physicians (n = 2), one non-BC nurse, one pharmacist, BC patients (n = 4), and telehealth and technology experts (n = 3). Transcripts were reviewed separately by each author and themes were extracted using content analysis. Key learnings were established based on stakeholder agreement and theme novelty. Results: Provider-initiated proactive calling of chemotherapy patients was felt to bethe most valuable and feasible potential change according to all stakeholders. A number of key considerations emerged regarding the creation of a successful proactive calling system: 1) calls should address symptoms that are predictable, regimen-specific, and most likely to result in ED visits; 2) patients most likely to benefit are those beginning chemotherapy, starting new drugs, or fitting certain high-needs criteria; 3) structured call questionnaires can be valuable, but must be flexible to best meet patient needs; 4) the caller’s expertise is more important than his or her familiarity with the patient; and 5) basic IT support systems are necessary for operationalization. Conclusions: Simple telehealth initiatives such as proactive calls can improve outpatient care for chemotherapy patients, and may reduce ED burden. This study provides key principles that should guide development and implementation of proactive calling programs at cancer care institutions.
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Thomas, Sherin Ann, Asish R, Vinimol C, Bindu V. Bhaskar, and Jesmith Elsa Jacob. "Awareness regarding COVID-19 among auxiliary dental staff in a tertiary dental care centre in Kerala- A cross-sectional study." Journal of Oral Medicine, Oral Surgery, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology 7, no. 3 (October 15, 2021): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.jooo.2021.048.
Full textAbstract:
Corona virus disease officially called as COVID-19, declared a “pandemic” by the World Health Organization; became a major public health problem causing worldwide morbidity and mortality, despite various control measures. Extraordinary measures are taken universally to fight the spread of the ongoing outbreak. In such a scenario, people’s adherence to preventive measures is largely influenced by their knowledge and perception of the disease. Since dental care professionals are having high chances of infectivity, which in turn has serious implications, it is essential that the auxiliary dental staff must be educated, empowered and provided appropriate and relevant knowledge of the disease.To assess the level of awareness regarding COVID-19 among auxiliary dental staff in a Tertiary Dental Care Centre in Kerala. A cross sectional survey was conducted among all the auxillary staff in a tertiary dental care centre by an online questionnaire through google forms. Details regarding demographic data, knowledge about the spread, symptoms, diagnosis, prevention and safety practices related to COVID-19 were obtained after getting an online informed consent. Descriptive statistics and Chi square test were done. Associations and differences were considered significant when the p value was less than 0.05.The initial sample size was 50. Forty two participants completed the study. Out of the participants 36% (n=15) were below 40 years and were males. About 40.5% (n=17) had experience less than 5 years. Around 69% (n=23) of the participants had good knowledge regarding COVID 19. Statistically significant results were seen with mode of transmission of Covid 19 and age of the respondents (p value=.006);current treatment of Covid 19 and years of experience of the respondents (p value=.011).The study concluded that there is overall good awareness level among the participants of the study.
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Sacco, Robert G. "The Fibonacci Life Chart Method as a Predictor of Spiritual Experience." Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology 7, no. 2 (April 12, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jedp.v7n2p1.
Full textAbstract:
The Fibonacci Life Chart Method (FLCM) provides a framework linking development and spirituality. This study addressed the need for empirical research to test the hypotheses proposed by Sacco (Sacco, 2016). To address this problem, this study used case reports (N = 196) from the Alister Hardy Religious Experience Research Centre. The dynamical aspects of ages 11, 18, and 30 were examined as predictors of increased spiritual experience in adolescents and young adults. Results showed only ages 17 and 18 predicted a higher frequency of spiritual experience between ages 11 and 35. Age 18 was associated with a higher effect size (r = .27). This finding provides some empirical support for the FLCM as a predictor of spiritual experience, but not all hypotheses found support. Limitations to the study’s design are discussed along with implications for future research.