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Academic literature on the topic 'Myocarde – Maladies – Génétique'
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Journal articles on the topic "Myocarde – Maladies – Génétique"
Meroufel, Djabaria Naima, Sounnia Médiène Benchekor, Julie Dumont, Philippe Amouyel, Thierry Brousseau, and Soraya Benhammamouch. "Recherche d’association entre les polymorphismes du gène codant l’Ornithine Transcarbamylase (OTC) et l’Infarctus du Myocarde dans la population Ouest-Algérienne." jfmo 1, no. 1 (March 31, 2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.51782/jfmo.v1i1.6.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Myocarde – Maladies – Génétique"
Lachance, Philippe. "Corrélation entre certains polymorphismes génétiques et l'expression de certains facteurs de risque de maladie coronarienne." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26472/26472.pdf.
Full textRamspacher, Caroline. "Développement de modèles animaux de maladies génétiques des systèmes cardiovasculaire et musculaire chez le poisson-zèbre." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ095/document.
Full textThe numerous advantages of zebrafish were used to study two hereditary diseases: desminopathy and pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (PVOD). Desminopathy is a myofibrillar myopathy characterized by the presence of granulofilamentous aggregates. Two models of loss and gain of function of desmin showed the implication of both loss of functional desmin and presence of desmin aggregates in desminopathy clinical manifestations. Phenotypes observed in these models include in particular a perturbation of the heart contraction biomechanics and of calcium propagation throughout the myocardium. Potential drugs, lowering the aggregate content, were proposed. After validating the use of zebrafish as a model of arterial hypertension, by verifying the implication of the elasticity of the aorta in blood flow regulation, we generated and characterized PVOD models. PVOD is a rare and severe form of pulmonary hypertension. The venous-specificity of the phenotypes observed in this pathology was confirmed
Ader, Flavie. "Identification de variants du gène FLNC dans les cardiomyopathies humaines et modélisations fonctionnelles chez la drosophile et dans des pseudo-tissus cardiaques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS371.
Full textVariants of FLNC gene have been implicated in the development of cardiomyopathies (CM), however the pathophysiological mechanisms are not fully understood. This work involved the genetic characterization of a clinical cohort and then the development of a cell model and a Drosophila model to confirm the pathogenicity of missense variants and to assess the functional consequences of FLNC mutants. The study of 1150 patients with CM found the prevalence of FLNC gene to be between 1 and 8%. In addition, the truncating variants were preferentially associated with dilated CMs (DCM) with an increased rhythmic risk, and the missense variants (regionalized in the ROD2 of the protein) with hypertrophic CMs (MHC). In Drosophila, loss of function of the ortholog of FLNC gene (RNA interference) showed cardiac dilation and a decrease of the fractionnal shortening in adults, associated with disorganization of the sarcomeres and the actin network. The 3 selected missense variants, identified in MHCs, and introduced by CRISPR / Cas9 in Drosophila did not show any significant functional or histological effect. Study of lines producting a truncated protein revealed that the C-terminal domain of filamine was not required for heart function in Drosophila. A CRISPR / Cas9 edited hiPSC clone carrying a homozygous deletion of the exon 42 splice site that results in exon phase skiping was differentiated into cardiomyocytes. The amplified cardiomyocytes formed beating cardiac pseudo-tissues, and their analysis showed a change in rhythmic phenotype corresponding to DCM patients pattern. In conclusion, this work made it possible to show the importance of the FLNC gene in the development of CM and to develop 2 new complementary models to study the mechanisms of pathogenicity and develop targeted therapies
Debette, Stéphanie. "Facteurs de risque de l'athérosclérose carotidienne." Lille 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL2S058.
Full textPerdomini, Morgane. "Développement d'une thérapie génique dans le modèle murin cardiaque de l'ataxie de Friedreich en utilisant le vecteur adéno-associé rAAVrh10." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAJ105.
Full textFriedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a mitochondrial disease with neurodegeneration, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and diabetes. FRDA is caused by reduced level of frataxine (FXN), an essential mitochondrial protein involved in iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis and mitochondrial homeostasis. Cardiac failure is the most common cause of mortality in FRDA. To date, no treatment exists for FRDA cardiomyopathy. During my PhD, we showed that an adeno-associated vector (AAV) rh10 expressing human FXN injected intravenously not only prevented the onset of the cardiac disease in a faithful FRDA cardiac mouse model, but also, when administered in animals with cardiac failure, reversed rapidly and completely cardiac remodeling and insufficiency. Our results demonstrate the capacity of defective cardiomyocytes with severe energy failure and ultrastructure disorganization to be rapidly corrected and remodeled by gene therapy. Thus, we showed that gene therapy may be a relevant therapeutical approach for FRDA
Kosgei, Viola Jepchumba. "Manifestations cardiaques des maladies héréditaires du métabolisme cellulaire de la vitamine B12 : étude sur deux modéles murins d’invalidation des génes Mtr et MMACHC." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0319.
Full textHeart failure is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in Western countries and its incidence is increasing in developing countries. Deficiency in folates and vitamin B12 (cobalamin) during gestation and lactation causes a fetal programming effect with metabolic cardiomyopathy related to decreased synthesis of methionine and impaired remethylation (RM) of homocysteine. Inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism, including CblG caused by mutations of MTR gene, which encodes methionine synthase (that catalyzes vitamin B12 dependent remethylation of homocysteine to methionine), and CblC caused by mutations of MMACHC gene cause cardiometabolic decompensation in infants. However, cardiac consequences and mechanisms underlying this process in adults are unknown. The aim of this Ph.D. project was to investigate the cardiac functional, metabolic and molecular consequences of the inhibition of methionine synthesis in transgenic mouse model of constitutive cardiac specific invalidation of Mtr gene and systemic invalidation of MMACHC gene. We found that the selective Mtr invalidation in the heart produces cardiomyopathy with heart failure, myocardium hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction in young adult mice. At the tissue and molecular levels, the observed cardiomyopathy was related to impaired energy metabolism with disruption of fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation, cellular stress and cardiac remodeling with fibrosis. Impaired energy metabolism was linked to decreased expression of Sirt3. The mislocalization and nuclear sequestration of hnRNPA1 could explain part of the expression changes of genes and proteins. These findings suggest a further need to evaluate whether CblG could be a new genetic cause of primary heart failure in adult patients
Hick, Aurore. "Développement d'un nouveau modèle cellulaire de l'ataxie de Friedreich : différenciation de cellules pluripotentes induites de patients en cardiomyocytes." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ064/document.
Full textFriedreich’s ataxia (FA) is a recessive neurodegenerative disorder due to a deficit of frataxin, a highly conserved mitochondrial protein. It is commonly associated with a hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The main pathophysiological consequences are a decrease of Fe-S enzyme activities and mitochondrial iron accumulation. The recent technical advances in the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) from somatic cells provide a powerful tool to create disease specific cellular models. Cardiomyocytes derived from FA-iPS present altered mitochondria after 1 month in culture. After four months in culture, iron deposits can be found in degenerating mitochondria, indicating a progression in the pathophysiology of the disease. Our study illustrates the ability of iPS-derived cardiomyocytes to model the cardiac phenotype associated with FA, and offers new opportunities to further investigate pathological mechanisms linked to frataxin deficiency
Dina, Julia. "Détection et analyse moléculaire des virus appartenant aux familles des Parvoviridae et des Adenoviridae à tropisme cardio-respiratoire." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN3116.
Full textRespiratory and cardio-respiratory pathologies occupy the first place among the causes of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. The involvement of viruses in these pathologies is determining. This thesis focuses on viruses with cardio-respiratory tropisms, whose genome is a DNA molecule: the bocavirus, the B19 parvovirus, and the adenovirus. The important genetic diversity of these viruses allows them to establish evolution and maintenance mechanisms in the nature. Methods of detection and molecular characterization have been developed for these viruses. These methods have put into relief epidemics of respiratory infections with bocavirus and adenovirus, as well as the circulation and genetic diversity of bocaviruses and B19 parvoviruses. Virological factors, likely to be responsible for a different evolution of a B19 parvovirus infection in cardiac diseases, have been researched. The inter- and intra-patient B19 parvovirus variability analysis reveals that there is no molecular marker within its genome
Laugier, Laurie. "Identification de marqueurs de susceptibilité dans les formes chroniques de la maladie de Chagas." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0226.
Full textChagas disease is a parasitic disease caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi and transmitted by the hematophagous insects. The disease is composed by acute and chronic phases. Among the infected individuals, 30 % develop chronic form. They suffer from heart, digestive (esophagus, colon) and cardiodigestives injury. Our study was focused on patients with dilated chagasic cardiomyopathy (CCC). Our goal is to identify susceptibility genes that may be involved in the development of chronic forms. Our study revealed a variation in the expression of certain genes between CCC group and controls. We are also interested in epigenetic processes that can regulate the expression of genes. A study of the DNA methylation crossed with the transcriptome allowed us to identify genes presenting both variations in expression and methylation. For some of these genes we demonstrated that methylation is responsible for the expression variation observed. Finally, we studied a long non-coding RNA called MIAT. Our study demonstrated that it is overexpressed in CCC compared to controls and in a murine model infected by T. cruzi. Furthermore, the analysis of the expression of micro-RNAs crossed with transcriptome analysis allowed us to identify several micro-RNAs whose functions are essential in the regulation of gene expression. Finally, a proteomic study allowed us to demonstrate an increase in the production of protein for certain genes, correlated with the increase in expression levels observed
Farrugia-Jacamon, Audrey. "Investigations moléculaires dans la mort subite du sujet de moins de 35 ans." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00804339.
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