Academic literature on the topic 'Mycorhizes – Environnement'
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Journal articles on the topic "Mycorhizes – Environnement":
Dalpé, Yolande. "Les mycorhizes : un outil de protection des plantes mais non une panacée." Conférences [Symposium : Santé des racines, santé des plantes. Société de protection des plantes du Québec. 97e Assemblée annuelle (2005) Gatineau (Québec), 9 et 10 juin 2005] 86, no. 1 (November 22, 2005): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/011715ar.
Tabti, Souad, and Fatima Zohra Bendimered-Mouri. "Mycorrhizal status of Plantago coronopus L. in relation to edaphic parameters in a coastal dune of Oran." Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management 9, no. 4 (July 1, 2022): 3605. http://dx.doi.org/10.15243/jdmlm.2022.094.3605.
Ouallal, Imane, Younes Abbas, Sara Ech-cheddadi, Mohamed Ouajdi, Moussa Ouhadach, Houda El Yacoubi, Benaissa Kerdouh, Younes El Goumi, and Atmane Rochdi. "Diversité des champignons endomycorhiziens de l’arganier et potentiel mycorhizogène des sols rhizosphériques des arganeraies du Sud-Ouest marocain." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 338 (February 11, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2018.338.a31678.
Doucet, Jean-Louis. "Palabres autour des arbres : des discours sur leur intelligence aux dérives de l’anthropomorphisme." BASE, 2020, 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/1780-4507.18707.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mycorhizes – Environnement":
Hu, Ruoyu. "Mobilité et transfert des terres rares du sol aux plantes par les champignons mycorhiziens arbusculaires." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0057.
Rare earth elements (REE) are a group of strategic metals that have been widely used in modern technologies in the recent decades. However, due to the corresponding REE emission from industries and the over-exploitation, large amounts of anthropogenic rare earth can accumulate in the environment, and be phytotoxic. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) benefit to plants in metal-contaminated soils by improving their survival and growth and alleviating metal toxicity, but little information is available about soil contaminated by rare earth elements. The objective of this PhD project is to understand the transfer of REEs from soil to plants and especially the role of AM fungi on plant growth and REE transfer to plants in REE contaminated soils. Experiments were launched using a model legume plant alfalfa (Medicago sativa), a model REE samarium (Sm), and a metal-tolerant Funneliformis mosseae fungus in a growth chamber. We first studied the bioavailability and transfer of an REE to Medicago sativa grown on two contaminated soils differing in their chemical characteristics. The results showed that DTPA extractable Sm was well correlated with Sm uptake in alfalfa shoots. Although the soil to plant transfer factor was low, alfalfa biomass was reduced when the soils were spiked with 100 to 200 mg kg-1 of Sm. Then the hypothesis was drawn that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi might protect the plant against REE toxicity. Therefore, a pot experiment was launched to study the role of AM fungi on alfalfa growth and a compartment experiment was performed to study the transfer of Sm to alfalfa via AM fungal hyphae. The biomass of alfalfa grown on Sm-spiked soil was significantly higher following arbuscular mycorrhiza inoculation. P content was also higher in mycorrhizal than nonmycorrhizal plants, but there was no significant Sm transfer to the plant by F.mosseae. Since there are often multiple REEs in contaminated soils, including light (LREE) and heavy (HREE) REEs, a compartment experiment was launched using 4 REEs, alfalfa and ryegrass, which confirmed that there was no transfer of the 4 REEs to alfalfa plants by F.mosseae. Finally, an REE mining soil collected from China was used to analyze the toxicity of REEs to AM fungal spores and to leek plants inoculated or not with the AM fungus, using spore germination assays and a plant growth experiment. The high concentration of REEs significantly inhibited plant growth and spore germination rate, and the fungus tolerated relatively high REE concentrations, but there was no significant difference in REE tolerance between two isolates of F.mosseae. Other fungi and plants should be tested, and field experiments performed, but our results suggest that arbuscular mycorrhizal plants might be considered in phytorestoration of REE-contaminated soils
Foulon, Julie. "Impact du phytomanagement de sites pollués par les éléments traces métalliques sur les micro-organismes du sol." Thesis, Besançon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BESA2090.
Anthropogenic activities can cause dramatic changes in ecosystem structures and their ecological services. Phytomanagement based on the use of woody species can contribute to soil and microbial diversity restoration, while allowing the production of biomass of interest. As part of PROLIPHYT (2013-2018, ADEME), BIOFILTREE (2010-2014, ANR) and PHYTOPOP (2007-2011, ANR) projects, managed by the Chrono-environment laboratory, phytomanagement plots were installed on trace elements (TE) polluted sites to determine the growth potential of woody species and the recovery methods of biomass produced. In my PhD project, different approaches have been implemented to identify and characterize microorganisms subservient to implanted woody plants, with the aim of producing microbial resources to improve the recovery and growth of trees on polluted soil. The first approach was to study microbial communities in association with woody species by innovative high throughput sequencing approach associated with the physical and chemical analysis of soils. This method was developed and tested on three experimental sites contaminated by TE. It revealed changes in the structure and composition of microbial communities due to the nature of the vegetation cover and the soil characteristics (Zappelini et al., 2015; Foulon et al., 2016a; b). The second approach was to isolate and characterize mycorrhizal fungi and endophytes associated with poplars (Berthelot et al., 2016; Lacercat-Didier et al., 2016). These fungi are known to promote the growth of the plants they colonize but also to increase their TE tolerance. Several sampling campaigns of roots and sporocarps on different polluted sites have allowed the isolation of fungal strains tolerant to TE (like Serendipita vermifera) and enhancing growth (Phialophora sp. and Leptodontidium sp.). In a third approach, the mechanisms involved in TE resistance were studied i) in Paxillus involutus for Hg (Foulon et al. In prep) ii) by functional metatranscriptomics for Zn and Cd (Lehembre et al., 2013). In conclusion, this work allowed to i) improve our understanding of the impact of a woody cover on the structure and composition of microbial communities, and on the understanding of the physiological mechanisms involved ii) to constitute a collection of fungal strains that will be of great interest for future phytomanagement projects