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Journal articles on the topic 'Mycobacterium avium complexes'

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Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Cayer, Marie-Pierre, Marc Veillette, Pascal Pageau, Richard Hamelin, Marie-Josée Bergeron, Anne Mériaux, Yvon Cormier, and Caroline Duchaine. "Identification of mycobacteria in peat moss processing plants: application of molecular biology approaches." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 53, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w06-105.

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Peat moss processing plant workers are exposed to high concentrations of bioaerosols. Although mycobacteria have been cultured from peat moss, no study has examined the workers' exposure to mycobacterial bioaerosols. We evaluated the presence of mycobacteria in air samples from peat moss processing plants using molecular biology approaches (cloning-sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)) and the workers exposure using immunoglobulin G (IgG) complexes to mycobacteria. In addition, species detected in air samples and in peat moss were compared. Two peat moss processing plants were chosen among 14 previously studied. A total of 49 clones were sequenced. Real-time PCR was also performed on the same air samples to evaluate the airborne concentration of mycobacteria and estimate exposure levels. Several Mycobacterium species were present in the air samples (M. malmoense, M. smegmatis, M. graceum, M. bohemicum, and M. interjectum). Mycobacterium avium was recovered by culture in peat moss but not in the air using the molecular approach. Total airborne Mycobacterium concentration was estimated at 8.2 × 108/m3. Workers had IgG against the mycobacterial mix and M. avium, suggesting significant exposure. The findings from air samples, supported by IgG measurements, demonstrate that peat moss processing plant workers are exposed to mycobacteria in addition to other biological agents.Key words: exposure, peat moss, airborne mycobacteria.

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BEZERRA, ANDRÉ VINÍCIUS ANDRADE, EMILY MARQUES dos REIS, ROGÉRIO OLIVEIRA RODRIGUES, ALEXANDER CENCI, CRISTINE CERVA, and FABIANA QUOOS MAYER. "Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium Complexes by Real-Time PCR in Bovine Milk from Brazilian Dairy Farms." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 5 (May 1, 2015): 1037–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-365.

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Foodborne diseases are a public health problem worldwide. The consumption of contaminated raw milk has been recognized as a major cause of transmission of bovine tuberculosis to humans. Other mycobacteria that may be present in raw milk and may cause diseases are those belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex. In this study, molecular biology tools were applied to investigate raw milk contamination with Mycobacterium spp. in family dairy farms from Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Furthermore, different variables related to the source of the milk, herd characteristics, and management were evaluated for their effect on milk contamination. Five hundred and two samples were analyzed, of which 354 were from the Northwest region (102 farms with samples from 93 bulk tanks and 261 animals) and 148 from the South region of the state (22 farms with samples from 23 bulk tanks and 125 animals). Among them, 10 (1.99%) and 7 (1.39%) were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (9 confirmed as Mycobacterium bovis) and M. avium complexes, respectively. There was no difference in the frequencies of positive samples between the regions or the sample sources. Of the positive samples, 4 were collected from a bulk tank (1 positive for M. avium and 3 for M. tuberculosis). Moreover, 1 sample was positive concomitantly for M. tuberculosis and M. avium complexes. On risk analysis, no variable was associated with raw milk contamination by M. tuberculosis complex species. However, washing the udders of all animals and drying them with paper towels were weakly classified as risk factors for M. avium contamination. Positive samples were obtained from both animals and bulk tanks, which emphasizes the importance of tuberculosis control programs and provides evidence that milk monitoring can be used as a control practice. Moreover, the findings of this study reinforce the need for awareness of the problems of raw milk consumption among the general population.

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Dhand, Navneet K., Jenny-Ann L. M. L. Toribio, and Richard J. Whittington. "Adsorption of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to Soil Particles." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 17 (June 26, 2009): 5581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00557-09.

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ABSTRACT Attachment of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to soil particles could increase their availability to farm animals, as well as influence the transportation of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis to water sources. To investigate the possibility of such attachment, we passed a known quantity of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis through chromatography columns packed with clay soil, sandy soil, pure silica, clay-silica mixture, or clay-silica complexes and measured the organisms recovered in the eluent using culture or quantitative PCR. Experiments were repeated using buffer at a range of pH levels with pure silica to investigate the effect of pH on M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis attachment. Linear mixed-model analyses were conducted to compare the proportional recovery of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the eluent between different substrates and pH levels. Of the organisms added to the columns, 83 to 100% were estimated to be retained in the columns after adjustment for those retained in empty control columns. The proportions recovered were significantly different across different substrates, with the retention being significantly greater (P < 0.05) in pure substrates (silica and clay-silica complexes) than in soil substrates (clay soil and sandy soil). However, there were no significant differences in the retention of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis between silica and clay-silica complexes or between clay soil and sandy soil. The proportion retained decreased with increasing pH in one of the experiments, indicating greater adsorption of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis to soil particles at an acidic pH (P < 0.05). The results suggest that under experimental conditions M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis adsorbs to a range of soil particles, and this attachment is influenced by soil pH.

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Triccas, James A., Nathalie Winter, Paul W. Roche, Andrea Gilpin, Kathleen E. Kendrick, and Warwick J. Britton. "Molecular and Immunological Analyses of the Mycobacterium avium Homolog of the Immunodominant Mycobacterium leprae 35-Kilodalton Protein." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 6 (June 1, 1998): 2684–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.6.2684-2690.1998.

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ABSTRACT The analysis of host immunity to mycobacteria and the development of discriminatory diagnostic reagents relies on the characterization of conserved and species-specific mycobacterial antigens. In this report, we have characterized the Mycobacterium avium homolog of the highly immunogenic M. leprae 35-kDa protein. The genes encoding these two proteins were well conserved, having 82% DNA identity and 90% identity at the amino acid level. Moreover both proteins, purified from the fast-growing host M. smegmatis, formed multimeric complexes of around 1000 kDa in size and were antigenically related as assessed through their recognition by antibodies and T cells from M. leprae-infected individuals. The 35-kDa protein exhibited significant sequence identity with proteins from Streptomyces griseus and the cyanobacterium Synechoccocus sp. strain PCC 7942 that are up-regulated under conditions of nutrient deprivation. The 67% amino acid identity between the M. avium 35-kDa protein and SrpI of Synechoccocus was spread across the sequences of both proteins, while the homologous regions of the 35-kDa protein and the P3 sporulation protein of S. griseus were interrupted in the P3 protein by a divergent central region. Assessment by PCR demonstrated that the gene encoding the M. avium35-kDa protein was present in all 30 M. avium clinical isolates tested but absent from M. intracellulare,M. tuberculosis, or M. bovis BCG. Mice infected with M. avium, but not M. bovis BCG, developed specific immunoglobulin G antibodies to the 35-kDa protein, consistent with the observation that tuberculosis patients do not recognize the antigen. Strong delayed-type hypersensitivity was elicited by the protein in guinea pigs sensitized with M. avium.

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Moriconi, Patricia Rossi, Cássia Yumi Ikuta, Fábio Gregori, Gisele de Oliveira, Sheila de Oliveira, Paloma De Oliveira Tonietti, José Soares Ferreira Neto, Fernando Ferreira, Adriana Cortez, and Evelise Oliveira Telles. "Mycobacteria in Minas cheese commercialized in open fairs in São Paulo, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science 55, no. 4 (December 26, 2018): e146525. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2018.146525.

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Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, a disease that affects dairy herds throughout the Brazilian territory, constituting a neglected zoonosis transmitted by raw milk and its derivatives. In this study, we evaluated the presence of M. bovis and other mycobacteria in Minas cheese obtained from open fairs in the city of São Paulo between 2012 and 2013. Samples (n = 133) were decontaminated using hexa-cetylpyridinium chloride and seeded on Stonebrink–Leslie medium. The isolates were submitted to molecular identification by TB Multiplex PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene and amplicon nucleotide sequencing. From 16 cheese samples (12%), we obtained 26 putative colonies of Mycobacterium spp., none of which belonged to any of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, or Mycobacterium intracellulare complexes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that sample sequences were grouped in a clade that includes only non-tuberculous mycobacteria with proximity to sequences obtained from Mycobacterium novocastrense (3 sequences), Mycobacterium holsaticum (1 sequence), andMycobacterium elephantis (2 sequences). Although no epidemiological evidence was found regarding the importance of oral transmission of mycobacteria in healthy people, their importance in the immunosuppressed population remains uncertain.

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Denis, M. "Tat protein from HIV-1 binds to Mycobacterium avium via a bacterial integrin. Effects on extracellular and intracellular growth." Journal of Immunology 153, no. 5 (September 1, 1994): 2072–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.153.5.2072.

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Abstract We examined the interaction between HIV-1 Tat protein and the opportunistic pathogen Mycobacterium avium. AIDS-associated strains of M. avium were shown to bind Tat protein quite avidly in an attachment assay. The attachment of M. avium to Tat was shown to occur via the integrin alpha 5 beta 1 present on the mycobacterial cell surface. M. avium strains were shown to bind the viral Tat protein with high affinity in a specific fashion (600 binding sites with a Kd of 1 to 5 nM). M. avium coated with Tat protein were shown to be more infective for human alveolar macrophages than untreated M. avium. Other HIV-1 Ags had no such effects (e.g., p24, p17). Examination of the cytokine profile of infected macrophages showed that M. avium-Tat complexes induced higher levels of TGF beta-1 (TGF beta 1) than M. avium alone or M. avium that had been in contact with other viral proteins. Conditioned media from HIV-1-infected H9 cells released a factor that enhanced M. avium intramacrophage growth, and was partially neutralized by an anti-Tat Ab. Finally, Tat protein (purified or present in conditioned media from infected cells) moderately enhanced the growth of M. avium strains in extracellular media, and exposure of M. avium to Tat protein in the presence of IL-6 enhanced the growth of AIDS-associated strains. These data argue for an interaction between the Tat viral product and the opportunistic pathogen M. avium which may contribute to the exquisite susceptibility of AIDS subjects to this pathogen.

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Skoric, M., E. J. Shitaye, R. Halouzka, P. Fictum, I. Trcka, M. Heroldova, E. Tkadlec, and I. Pavlik. "Tuberculous and tuberculoid lesions in free living small terrestrial mammals and the risk of infection to humans and animals: a review." Veterinární Medicína 52, No. 4 (January 7, 2008): 144–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2032-vetmed.

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The present study describes pathogenesis and morphology of tuberculous and tuberculoid lesions in small terrestrial mammals, above all, in rodents. The most serious infectious agents that cause tuberculous and tuberculoid lesions in these animals are also cited. Besides others, the diseases caused by pathogenic mycobacteria that are members of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and <i>M. avium</i> complexes, <i>M. lepraemurium</i>, tularaemia, brucellosis and salmonellosis are included in the present study.

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Slany, M., J. Svobodova, A. Ettlova, I. Slana, V. Mrlik, and I. Pavlik. "Mycobacterium arupense among the isolates of non-tuberculous mycobacteria from human, animal and environmental samples." Veterinární Medicína 55, No. 8 (September 15, 2010): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2956-vetmed.

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Mycobacterium arupense is a non-tuberculous, potentially pathogenic species rarely isolated from humans. The aim of the study was to ascertain the spectrum of non-tuberculous mycobacteria within 271 sequenced mycobacterial isolates not belonging to M. tuberculosis and M. avium complexes. Isolates were collected between 2004 and 2009 in the Czech Republic and were examined within the framework of ecological studies carried out in animal populations infected with mycobacteria. A total of thirty-three mycobacterial species were identified. This report describes the isolation of M. arupense from the sputum of three human patients and seven different animal and environmental samples collected in the last six years in the Czech Republic: one isolate from leftover refrigerated organic dog food, two isolates from urine and clay collected from an okapi (Okapia johnstoni) and antelope bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus) enclosure in a zoological garden, one isolate from the soil in an eagle's nest (Haliaeetus albicilla) band two isolates from two common vole (Microtus arvalis) livers from one cattle farm. All isolates were identified by biochemical tests, morphology and 16S rDNA sequencing. Also, retrospective screening for M. arupense occurrence within the collected isolates is presented.

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Brown-Elliott, Barbara A., Thomas R. Fritsche, Brooke J. Olson, Sruthi Vasireddy, Ravikiran Vasireddy, Elena Iakhiaeva, Diana Alame, Richard J. Wallace, and John A. Branda. "Comparison of Two Commercial Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) Systems for Identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 152, no. 4 (July 17, 2019): 527–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz073.

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Abstract Objectives This multicenter study’s aim was to assess the performance of two commercially available matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry systems in identifying a challenge collection of clinically relevant nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Methods NTM clinical isolates (n = 244) belonging to 23 species/subspecies were identified by gene sequencing and analyzed using Bruker Biotyper with Mycobacterial Library v5.0.0 and bioMérieux VITEK MS with v3.0 database. Results Using the Bruker or bioMérieux systems, 92% and 95% of NTM strains, respectively, were identified at least to the complex/group level; 62% and 57%, respectively, were identified to the highest taxonomic level. Differentiation between members of Mycobacterium abscessus, M fortuitum, M mucogenicum, M avium, and M terrae complexes/groups was problematic for both systems, as was identification of M chelonae for the Bruker system. Conclusions Both systems identified most NTM isolates to the group/complex level, and many to the highest taxonomic level. Performance was comparable.

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10

Leite, Fernando L., Timothy A. Reinhardt, John P. Bannantine, and Judith R. Stabel. "Envelope protein complexes of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and their antigenicity." Veterinary Microbiology 175, no. 2-4 (February 2015): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.11.009.

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Saxena, Saloni, Herman P. Spaink, and Gabriel Forn-Cuní. "Drug Resistance in Nontuberculous Mycobacteria: Mechanisms and Models." Biology 10, no. 2 (January 29, 2021): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10020096.

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The genus Mycobacteria comprises a multitude of species known to cause serious disease in humans, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. leprae, the responsible agents for tuberculosis and leprosy, respectively. In addition, there is a worldwide spike in the number of infections caused by a mixed group of species such as the M. avium, M. abscessus and M. ulcerans complexes, collectively called nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTMs). The situation is forecasted to worsen because, like tuberculosis, NTMs either naturally possess or are developing high resistance against conventional antibiotics. It is, therefore, important to implement and develop models that allow us to effectively examine the fundamental questions of NTM virulence, as well as to apply them for the discovery of new and improved therapies. This literature review will focus on the known molecular mechanisms behind drug resistance in NTM and the current models that may be used to test new effective antimicrobial therapies.

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12

Courtin, Francois, Michel Huerre, Janet Fyfe, Paul Dumas, and Maria L. Boschiroli. "A case of feline leprosy caused by Mycobacterium lepraemurium originating from the island of Kythira (Greece): diagnosis and treatment." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 9, no. 3 (June 2007): 238–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfms.2006.11.007.

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A 2-year-old, 4 kg, healthy, domestic shorthair female cat presented with ulcerated subcutaneous nodules on the commissures of its mouth. The cat was negative for feline leukaemia virus and feline immunodeficiency virus. Skin mycobacteriosis was diagnosed after detection of numerous acid-fast bacilli in Ziehl Neelsen-stained smears from the ulcers. Feline leprosy was suspected following preliminary polymerase chain reaction results: positive for Mycobacterium genus but negative for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complexes. Mycobacterium lepraemurium was later identified following DNA sequence analysis of the 5′ end of the 16S rRNA gene and the 16S–23S internal transcribed spacer region. Microscopic lesions consisted of pyogranulomas containing mainly large foamy macrophages with 10–100 intra-cellular acid-fast bacilli per field. The cat was cured after surgery and a 14-week course of clofazimine (30 mg daily) and clarithromycin (50 mg twice daily).

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Schöningh, R., C. P. Verstijnen, S. Kuijper, and A. H. Kolk. "Enzyme immunoassay for identification of heat-killed mycobacteria belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complexes and derived from early cultures." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 28, no. 4 (1990): 708–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.28.4.708-713.1990.

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Shah, Jyotsna, Helena Weltman, Patricia Narciso, Christina Murphy, Akhila Poruri, Shrikala Baliga, Leesha Sharon, et al. "Dual color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays for detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complexes and related pathogens in cultures." PLOS ONE 12, no. 4 (April 11, 2017): e0174989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0174989.

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GOTO, Kohkichi, Kenji KANEDA, and Ikuya YANO. "Determination of the serotypes of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) complexes of clinical isolates by immunological and biological methods." Nippon Saikingaku Zasshi 43, no. 3 (1988): 653–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3412/jsb.43.653.

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Wang, Feng, Robert Langley, Gulcin Gulten, Lynn G. Dover, Gurdyal S. Besra, William R. Jacobs, and James C. Sacchettini. "Mechanism of thioamide drug action against tuberculosis and leprosy." Journal of Experimental Medicine 204, no. 1 (January 16, 2007): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20062100.

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Thioamide drugs, ethionamide (ETH) and prothionamide (PTH), are clinically effective in the treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. leprae, and M. avium complex infections. Although generally considered second-line drugs for tuberculosis, their use has increased considerably as the number of multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis cases continues to rise. Despite the widespread use of thioamide drugs to treat tuberculosis and leprosy, their precise mechanisms of action remain unknown. Using a cell-based activation method, we now have definitive evidence that both thioamides form covalent adducts with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and that these adducts are tight-binding inhibitors of M. tuberculosis and M. leprae InhA. The crystal structures of the inhibited M. leprae and M. tuberculosis InhA complexes provide the molecular details of target–drug interactions. The purified ETH-NAD and PTH-NAD adducts both showed nanomolar Kis against M. tuberculosis and M. leprae InhA. Knowledge of the precise structures and mechanisms of action of these drugs provides insights into designing new drugs that can overcome drug resistance.

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Mayer, Fabiana Q., Emily M. dos Reis, André Vinícius A. Bezerra, Rogério O. Rodrigues, Thais Michel, Cristine Cerva, and Angélica C. Bertagnolli. "Nasal swab real-time PCR is not suitable for in vivo diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 37, no. 6 (June 2017): 549–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2017000600003.

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ABSTRACT: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a zoonosis causing economic losses and public health risks in many countries. The disease diagnosis in live animals is performed by intradermal tuberculin test, which is based on delayed hypersensitivity reactions. As tuberculosis has complex immune response, this test has limitations in sensitivity and specificity. This study sought to test an alternative approach for in vivo diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis, based on real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). DNA samples, extracted from nasal swabs of live cows, were used for SYBR® Green real-time PCR, which is able to differentiate between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complexes. Statistical analysis was performed to compare the results of tuberculin test, the in vivo gold standard bTB diagnosis method, with real-time PCR, thereby determining the specificity and sensitivity of molecular method. Cervical comparative test (CCT) was performed in 238 animals, of which 193 had suitable DNA from nasal swabs for molecular analysis, as indicated by amplification of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) gene, and were included in the study. In total, 25 (10.5%) of the animals were CCT reactive, of which none was positive in the molecular test. Of the 168 CCT negative animals, four were positive for M. tuberculosis complex at real time PCR from nasal swabs. The comparison of these results generated values of sensitivity and specificity of 0% and 97.6%, respectively; moreover, low coefficients of agreement and correlation (-0.029 and -0.049, respectively) between the results obtained with both tests were also observed. This study showed that real-time PCR from nasal swabs is not suitable for in vivo diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis; thus tuberculin skin test is still the best option for this purpose.

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Polis, M. A., S. C. Piscitelli, S. Vogel, F. G. Witebsky, P. S. Conville, B. Petty, J. A. Kovacs, et al. "Clarithromycin lowers plasma zidovudine levels in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 8 (August 1997): 1709–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.8.1709.

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The use of antiretroviral agents and drugs for the treatment and prophylaxis of opportunistic infections has lengthened the survival of persons with AIDS. In the era of multidrug therapy, drug interactions are important considerations in designing effective and tolerable regimens. Clarithromycin has had a significant impact on the treatment of disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex infection, and zidovudine is the best-studied and one of the most widely used antiretroviral agents in this population. We conducted a study to determine the maximally tolerated dose of clarithromycin and the pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin and zidovudine individually and in combination. Mixing studies were conducted to simulate potential interaction in the gastric environment. The simultaneous administration of zidovudine and clarithromycin had little impact on the pharmacokinetics of clarithromycin or of its major metabolite. However, coadministration of zidovudine and clarithromycin at three doses (500 mg orally [p.o.] twice daily [b.i.d.], 1,000 mg p.o. b.i.d., and 2,000 mg p.o. b.i.d.) reduced the maximum concentration of zidovudine by 41% (P < 0.005) and the area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 4 h for zidovudine by 25% (P < 0.05) and increased the time to maximum concentration of zidovudine by 84% (P < 0.05), compared with zidovudine administered alone. Mixing studies did not detect the formation of insoluble complexes due to chelation, suggesting that the decrease in zidovudine concentrations results from some other mechanism. Simultaneous administration of zidovudine and clarithromycin appears to decrease the levels of zidovudine in serum, and it may be advisable that these drugs not be given at the same time. Drug interactions should be carefully evaluated in persons with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection who are receiving multiple pharmacologic agents.

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INOUE, Tetsuro, Eisaku TANAKA, Minoru SAKURAMOTO, Masayoshi MINAKUCHI, Yuji MAEDA, Ko MANIWA, Kunihiko TERADA, et al. "Three Sisters of Pulmonary Mycobacterium avium Complex Disease." Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 79, no. 5 (2005): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.79.341.

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Inoue, Rei, Keisuke Watanabe, Yusuke Saigusa, Nobuyuki Hirama, Yu Hara, Nobuaki Kobayashi, Makoto Kudo, and Takeshi Kaneko. "Effect of coexisting advanced extrapulmonary solid cancer on progression of Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease." Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia 47, no. 2 (2021): e20200520-e20200520. http://dx.doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20200520.

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TSUKAHARA, Keisuke, Tetsurou SAKAMOTO, Takashi SAKAMOTO, Takaaki HIRANO, Ryuta KUDOU, and Seiya HIROSHIMA. "Mycobacterium avium Complex Serovar 8 Infection in a Japanese Brown Calf." Journal of the Japan Veterinary Medical Association 49, no. 1 (1996): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.12935/jvma1951.49.13.

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OKADA, Jun, and Miwako KAETSU. "Evaluation of the Alkaline-Phosphatase Labeled DNA Probes for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium Complex." Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 66, no. 8 (1992): 1093–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.66.1093.

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Cadmus, Simeon Idowu, Bassirou Diarra, Brehima Traore, Mamoudou Maiga, Sophia Siddiqui, Anatole Tounkara, Olutayo Falodun, et al. "Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Isolated from Tuberculosis Suspects in Ibadan, Nigeria." Journal of Pathogens 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6547363.

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In Nigeria, one of the highest tuberculosis (TB) burdened nations, sputum smear microscopy is routinely employed for TB diagnosis at Directly Observed Treatment Short-Course (DOTS) Centers. This diagnostic algorithm does not differentiateMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex (MTC) from nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Between December 2008 and January 2009, consecutive patients diagnosed with TB were screened for inclusion at 10 DOTS centers in Ibadan, Nigeria. To verifyMycobacteriumspecies in patients diagnosed, we cultured and identified mycobacterial isolates using PCR, line probe assay, and spoligotyping techniques. From 48 patients screened, 23 met the inclusion criteria for the study. All the 23 study patients had a positive culture. Overall, we identified 11/23 patients (48%) with MTC only, 9/23 (39%) with NTM only, and 3/23 (13%) with evidence of both MTC and NTM. Strains of MTC identified were Latin American Mediterranean (LAM) genotype (n=12),M. africanum(n=1), and the genotype family T (n=1). FourM. avium-intracellulare-M. scrofulaceum complexes, oneM. chelonae complex, oneM. abscessus, and oneM. intracellularewere identified. Our findings underscore the need to incorporate molecular techniques for more precise diagnosis of TB at DOTS centers to improve clinical outcomes and safe guard public health, particularly in TB endemic countries.

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Skopinski, S., J. Texier-Maugein, C. Level, D. Barcat, J. Constans, and C. Conri. "Septicémie à Mycobacterium complexe avium : une nouvelle cause de purpura thrombotique thrombocytopénique." La Revue de Médecine Interne 22, no. 4 (April 2001): 400–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0248-8663(01)00354-x.

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Pavlik, Ivo, Vit Ulmann, Helena Modra, Milan Gersl, Barbora Rantova, Jan Zukal, Katerina Zukalova, et al. "Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Prevalence in Bats’ Guano from Caves and Attics of Buildings Studied by Culture and qPCR Examinations." Microorganisms 9, no. 11 (October 27, 2021): 2236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9112236.

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A total of 281 guano samples were collected from caves (N = 181) in eight European countries (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, France, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia) and attics in the Czech R. (N = 100). The correlation of detection of mycobacteria between Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN) microscopy and culture examination and qPCR was strong. ZN microscopy was positive in guano from caves (58.6%) more than double than positivity in guano from attics (21.0%; p < 0.01). From 89 mycobacterial isolates (73 isolates from cave guano and 16 isolates from attics’ guano), 68 (76.4%) isolates of 19 sp., ssp. and complex were identified as members of three Groups (M. fortuitum, M.chelonae, and M. mucogenicum) and four complexes (M. avium, M. terrae, M.vaccae, and M.smegmatis). A total of 20 isolates (22.5%) belonged to risk group 1 (environmental saprophytes), 48 isolates (53.9%) belonged to risk group 2 (potential pathogens), and none of the isolates belonged to risk group 3 (obligatory pathogens). When comparing bat guano collected from caves and attics, differences (p < 0.01; Mann–Whitney test) were observed for the electrical conductivity, total carbon, total organic, and total inorganic carbon. No difference (p > 0.05; Mann–Whitney test) was found for pH and oxidation-reduction potential parameters.

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Shimomura, Hitoshi, and Takao Aoyama. "Drug-drug Interaction and Proper Use of Therapeutic Drugs for Pulmonary Mycobacterium Avium Complex Disease." Iryo Yakugaku (Japanese Journal of Pharmaceutical Health Care and Sciences) 42, no. 12 (2016): 781–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5649/jjphcs.42.781.

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MURAKAMI, HIROKAZU, and HISAFUMI IKAWA. "Identification and Classification of Serotypes of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Complex Isolated from Disseminated Atypical Mycobacterial Disease in Swine by Chemical Method." Journal of the Japan Veterinary Medical Association 42, no. 4 (1989): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12935/jvma1951.42.257.

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UEDA, Wataru, Hiroshi FUJIWARA, Izuo TSUYUGUCHI, Tetsuo KUROKI, and Ikuya YANO. "Increased Production of Interleukin-10 by Human Blood Monocytes Stimulated with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex." Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 72, no. 7 (1998): 753–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.72.753.

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SANO, Chiaki, Toshiaki SHIMIZU, Yutaka TATANO, Ko YASUMOTO, and Haruaki TOMIOKA. "Profiles of Intracellular Expression, Distribution, and Activation of Phospholipase A2 in Host Macrophages Infected with Mycobacterium avium complex." Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 81, no. 6 (2007): 695–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.81.695.

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SATO, Akimasa. "Geographic Distribution of Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Complex Serovars Isolated from Patients in Five Cities of Japan." Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 74, no. 1 (2000): 64–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.74.64.

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Salem, Isam Ismail, and Nejat Düzgünes. "Efficacies of cyclodextrin-complexed and liposome-encapsulated clarithromycin against Mycobacterium avium complex infection in human macrophages." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 250, no. 2 (January 2003): 403–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(02)00552-5.

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Catherinot, E., J. Cadranel, D. Bouvry, B. Douvry, J. Pastre, M. A. Cornetto, E. Cardot, B. Crestani, and N. Veziris. "Amikacine liposomale inhalée dans le traitement des infections pulmonaires à Mycobacterium avium complexe. Étude rétrospective multicentrique." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires Actualités 14, no. 1 (January 2022): 253–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmra.2021.11.465.

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GOTO, Mieko, Katsuko OKUZUMI, Hajime GOTO, and Kaoru SHIMADA. "Identification of Mycobacterium avium Complex isolated in Tokyo University Hospital using DNA Probe Procedure." Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 64, no. 3 (1990): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.64.269.

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NOGUCHI, Shingo, Kazuhiro YATERA, Kei YAMASAKI, Toshinori KAWANAMI, Toru TAKAHASHI, Ikuko SHIMABUKURO, Kentarou AKATA, et al. "A Case of Rapid Exacerbation of Pulmonary Mycobacterium Avium Complex Infection Mimicking Pulmonary Aspergillosis." Journal of UOEH 37, no. 3 (2015): 177–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.7888/juoeh.37.177.

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Ota, Hideki, and Hideki Kawai. "Coexisting pulmonary mycobacterium avium intracellulare complex (MAC) disease and lung adenocarcinoma in a solitary pulmonary nodule." Journal of the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery 26, no. 4 (2012): 481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2995/jacsurg.26.481.

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J Rodríguez, Anar, Sara Palma, Jorge L Maestre, Diana Saavedra, Teresa Reyes, and María Perovani. "Detección de micobacterias en muestras clínicas mediante la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa." REVISTA BIOMÉDICA 11, no. 4 (October 1, 2000): 257–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32776/revbiomed.v11i4.242.

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Introducción. Las micobacteriosis contituyen un importante problema de salud a nivel mundial, siendo aún mayor en pacientes con el Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida (SIDA). En este trabajo utilizamos la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa (RCP) para el diagnóstico de las principales micobacteriosis, y comparamos los resultados obtenidos con los del diagnóstico convencional. Material y métodos. Se procesaron cepas controles y 15 muestras: 14 esputos y 1 líquido cefalorraquídeo provenientes de pacientes con sospecha clínica de tuberculosis. El procesamiento de las muestras para la RCP se realizó por calentamiento. Se emplearon oligonucleótidos que amplifican un fragmento del gen de la proteína de 65 kDa de los complejos Mycobacterium tuberculosis y Mycobecterium avium intracellulare (MAI). Resultados. Ocho muestras resultaron positivas a la RCP revelada por electroforesis sobre gel de agarosa, y 7 resultaron negativas. Los resultados de la RCP y del cultivo micobacteriológico coincidieron en 10 casos. Discusión. La RCP es una técnica que reduce a horas el tiempo de diagnóstico de micobacteriosis.

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SHIMIZU, Toshiaki, Chiaki SANO, Katsumasa SATO, and Haruaki TOMIOKA. "Effects of Various Steroidal and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs on In-Vitro IL-10 Production of Murine Peritoneal Macrophages Infected with Mycobacterium avium Complex." Journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 71, no. 9 (1997): 910–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.11150/kansenshogakuzasshi1970.71.910.

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Bouso, Jennifer M., and Paul J. Planet. "Complete nontuberculous mycobacteria whole genomes using an optimized DNA extraction protocol for long-read sequencing." BMC Genomics 20, no. 1 (October 30, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-019-6134-y.

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Abstract Background Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are a major cause of pulmonary and systemic disease in at-risk populations. Gaps in knowledge about transmission patterns, evolution, and pathogenicity during infection have prompted a recent surge in genomic NTM research. Increased availability and affordability of whole genome sequencing (WGS) techniques provide new opportunities to sequence and construct complete bacterial genomes faster and at a lower cost. However, extracting large quantities of pure genomic DNA is particularly challenging with NTM due to its slow growth and recalcitrant cell wall. Here we report a DNA extraction protocol that is optimized for long-read WGS of NTM, yielding large quantities of highly pure DNA with no additional clean-up steps. Results Our DNA extraction method was compared to 6 other methods with variations in timing of mechanical disruption and enzymatic digestion of the cell wall, quantity of matrix material, and reagents used in extraction and precipitation. We tested our optimized method on 38 clinical isolates from the M. avium and M. abscessus complexes, which yielded optimal quality and quantity measurements for Oxford Nanopore Technologies sequencing. We also present the efficient completion of circularized M. avium subspecies hominissuis genomes using our extraction technique and the long-read sequencing MinION platform, including the identification of a novel plasmid. Conclusions Our optimized extraction protocol and assembly pipeline was both sufficient and efficient for genome closure. We expect that our finely-tuned extraction method will prove to be a valuable tool in long-read sequencing and completion of mycobacterial genomes going forward. Utilization of comprehensive, long-read based approaches will advance the understanding evolution and pathogenicity of NTM infections.

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Lorente-Leal, Víctor, Emmanouil Liandris, Javier Bezos, Marta Pérez-Sancho, Beatriz Romero, and Lucía de Juan. "MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry as a Rapid Screening Alternative for Non-tuberculous Mycobacterial Species Identification in the Veterinary Laboratory." Frontiers in Veterinary Science 9 (January 28, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.827702.

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Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are difficult to identify by biochemical and genetic methods due to their microbiological properties and complex taxonomy. The development of more efficient and rapid methods for species identification in the veterinary microbiological laboratory is, therefore, of great importance. Although MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry (MS) has become a promising tool for the identification of NTM species in human clinical practise, information regarding its performance on veterinary isolates is scarce. This study assesses the capacity of MALDI-TOF MS to identify NTM isolates (n = 75) obtained from different animal species. MALDI-TOF MS identified 76.0% (n = 57) and 4% (n = 3) of the isolates with high and low confidence, respectively, in agreement with the identification achieved by Sanger sequencing of housekeeping genes (16S rRNA, hsp65, and rpoB). Thirteen isolates (17.3%) were identified by Sanger sequencing to the complex level, indicating that these may belong to uncharacterised species. MALDI-TOF MS approximated low confidence identifications toward closely related mycobacterial groups, such as the M. avium or M. terrae complexes. Two isolates were misidentified due to a high similarity between species or due to the lack of spectra in the database. Our results suggest that MALDI-TOF MS can be used as an effective alternative for rapid screening of mycobacterial isolates in the veterinary laboratory and potentially for the detection of new NTM species. In turn, Sanger sequencing could be implemented as an additional method to improve identifications in species for which MALDI-TOF MS identification is limited or for further characterisation of NTM species.

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Journal of the Japanese Association for Chest Surgery 20, no. 3 (2006): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.2995/jacsurg.20.901_1.

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