Relevant bibliographies by topics / Mycobacterium avium complexes

Academic literature on the topic 'Mycobacterium avium complexes'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Mycobacterium avium complexes"

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Cayer, Marie-Pierre, Marc Veillette, Pascal Pageau, Richard Hamelin, Marie-Josée Bergeron, Anne Mériaux, Yvon Cormier, and Caroline Duchaine. "Identification of mycobacteria in peat moss processing plants: application of molecular biology approaches." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 53, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w06-105.

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Peat moss processing plant workers are exposed to high concentrations of bioaerosols. Although mycobacteria have been cultured from peat moss, no study has examined the workers' exposure to mycobacterial bioaerosols. We evaluated the presence of mycobacteria in air samples from peat moss processing plants using molecular biology approaches (cloning-sequencing and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)) and the workers exposure using immunoglobulin G (IgG) complexes to mycobacteria. In addition, species detected in air samples and in peat moss were compared. Two peat moss processing plants were chosen among 14 previously studied. A total of 49 clones were sequenced. Real-time PCR was also performed on the same air samples to evaluate the airborne concentration of mycobacteria and estimate exposure levels. Several Mycobacterium species were present in the air samples (M. malmoense, M. smegmatis, M. graceum, M. bohemicum, and M. interjectum). Mycobacterium avium was recovered by culture in peat moss but not in the air using the molecular approach. Total airborne Mycobacterium concentration was estimated at 8.2 × 108/m3. Workers had IgG against the mycobacterial mix and M. avium, suggesting significant exposure. The findings from air samples, supported by IgG measurements, demonstrate that peat moss processing plant workers are exposed to mycobacteria in addition to other biological agents.Key words: exposure, peat moss, airborne mycobacteria.
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BEZERRA, ANDRÉ VINÍCIUS ANDRADE, EMILY MARQUES dos REIS, ROGÉRIO OLIVEIRA RODRIGUES, ALEXANDER CENCI, CRISTINE CERVA, and FABIANA QUOOS MAYER. "Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium Complexes by Real-Time PCR in Bovine Milk from Brazilian Dairy Farms." Journal of Food Protection 78, no. 5 (May 1, 2015): 1037–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-365.

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Foodborne diseases are a public health problem worldwide. The consumption of contaminated raw milk has been recognized as a major cause of transmission of bovine tuberculosis to humans. Other mycobacteria that may be present in raw milk and may cause diseases are those belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex. In this study, molecular biology tools were applied to investigate raw milk contamination with Mycobacterium spp. in family dairy farms from Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Furthermore, different variables related to the source of the milk, herd characteristics, and management were evaluated for their effect on milk contamination. Five hundred and two samples were analyzed, of which 354 were from the Northwest region (102 farms with samples from 93 bulk tanks and 261 animals) and 148 from the South region of the state (22 farms with samples from 23 bulk tanks and 125 animals). Among them, 10 (1.99%) and 7 (1.39%) were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (9 confirmed as Mycobacterium bovis) and M. avium complexes, respectively. There was no difference in the frequencies of positive samples between the regions or the sample sources. Of the positive samples, 4 were collected from a bulk tank (1 positive for M. avium and 3 for M. tuberculosis). Moreover, 1 sample was positive concomitantly for M. tuberculosis and M. avium complexes. On risk analysis, no variable was associated with raw milk contamination by M. tuberculosis complex species. However, washing the udders of all animals and drying them with paper towels were weakly classified as risk factors for M. avium contamination. Positive samples were obtained from both animals and bulk tanks, which emphasizes the importance of tuberculosis control programs and provides evidence that milk monitoring can be used as a control practice. Moreover, the findings of this study reinforce the need for awareness of the problems of raw milk consumption among the general population.
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Dhand, Navneet K., Jenny-Ann L. M. L. Toribio, and Richard J. Whittington. "Adsorption of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to Soil Particles." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 75, no. 17 (June 26, 2009): 5581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00557-09.

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ABSTRACT Attachment of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis to soil particles could increase their availability to farm animals, as well as influence the transportation of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis to water sources. To investigate the possibility of such attachment, we passed a known quantity of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis through chromatography columns packed with clay soil, sandy soil, pure silica, clay-silica mixture, or clay-silica complexes and measured the organisms recovered in the eluent using culture or quantitative PCR. Experiments were repeated using buffer at a range of pH levels with pure silica to investigate the effect of pH on M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis attachment. Linear mixed-model analyses were conducted to compare the proportional recovery of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the eluent between different substrates and pH levels. Of the organisms added to the columns, 83 to 100% were estimated to be retained in the columns after adjustment for those retained in empty control columns. The proportions recovered were significantly different across different substrates, with the retention being significantly greater (P < 0.05) in pure substrates (silica and clay-silica complexes) than in soil substrates (clay soil and sandy soil). However, there were no significant differences in the retention of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis between silica and clay-silica complexes or between clay soil and sandy soil. The proportion retained decreased with increasing pH in one of the experiments, indicating greater adsorption of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis to soil particles at an acidic pH (P < 0.05). The results suggest that under experimental conditions M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis adsorbs to a range of soil particles, and this attachment is influenced by soil pH.
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Triccas, James A., Nathalie Winter, Paul W. Roche, Andrea Gilpin, Kathleen E. Kendrick, and Warwick J. Britton. "Molecular and Immunological Analyses of the Mycobacterium avium Homolog of the Immunodominant Mycobacterium leprae 35-Kilodalton Protein." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 6 (June 1, 1998): 2684–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.6.2684-2690.1998.

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ABSTRACT The analysis of host immunity to mycobacteria and the development of discriminatory diagnostic reagents relies on the characterization of conserved and species-specific mycobacterial antigens. In this report, we have characterized the Mycobacterium avium homolog of the highly immunogenic M. leprae 35-kDa protein. The genes encoding these two proteins were well conserved, having 82% DNA identity and 90% identity at the amino acid level. Moreover both proteins, purified from the fast-growing host M. smegmatis, formed multimeric complexes of around 1000 kDa in size and were antigenically related as assessed through their recognition by antibodies and T cells from M. leprae-infected individuals. The 35-kDa protein exhibited significant sequence identity with proteins from Streptomyces griseus and the cyanobacterium Synechoccocus sp. strain PCC 7942 that are up-regulated under conditions of nutrient deprivation. The 67% amino acid identity between the M. avium 35-kDa protein and SrpI of Synechoccocus was spread across the sequences of both proteins, while the homologous regions of the 35-kDa protein and the P3 sporulation protein of S. griseus were interrupted in the P3 protein by a divergent central region. Assessment by PCR demonstrated that the gene encoding the M. avium35-kDa protein was present in all 30 M. avium clinical isolates tested but absent from M. intracellulare,M. tuberculosis, or M. bovis BCG. Mice infected with M. avium, but not M. bovis BCG, developed specific immunoglobulin G antibodies to the 35-kDa protein, consistent with the observation that tuberculosis patients do not recognize the antigen. Strong delayed-type hypersensitivity was elicited by the protein in guinea pigs sensitized with M. avium.
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Moriconi, Patricia Rossi, Cássia Yumi Ikuta, Fábio Gregori, Gisele de Oliveira, Sheila de Oliveira, Paloma De Oliveira Tonietti, José Soares Ferreira Neto, Fernando Ferreira, Adriana Cortez, and Evelise Oliveira Telles. "Mycobacteria in Minas cheese commercialized in open fairs in São Paulo, Brazil." Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science 55, no. 4 (December 26, 2018): e146525. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.1678-4456.bjvras.2018.146525.

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Mycobacterium bovis is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, a disease that affects dairy herds throughout the Brazilian territory, constituting a neglected zoonosis transmitted by raw milk and its derivatives. In this study, we evaluated the presence of M. bovis and other mycobacteria in Minas cheese obtained from open fairs in the city of São Paulo between 2012 and 2013. Samples (n = 133) were decontaminated using hexa-cetylpyridinium chloride and seeded on Stonebrink–Leslie medium. The isolates were submitted to molecular identification by TB Multiplex PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene and amplicon nucleotide sequencing. From 16 cheese samples (12%), we obtained 26 putative colonies of Mycobacterium spp., none of which belonged to any of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, or Mycobacterium intracellulare complexes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that sample sequences were grouped in a clade that includes only non-tuberculous mycobacteria with proximity to sequences obtained from Mycobacterium novocastrense (3 sequences), Mycobacterium holsaticum (1 sequence), andMycobacterium elephantis (2 sequences). Although no epidemiological evidence was found regarding the importance of oral transmission of mycobacteria in healthy people, their importance in the immunosuppressed population remains uncertain.
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Denis, M. "Tat protein from HIV-1 binds to Mycobacterium avium via a bacterial integrin. Effects on extracellular and intracellular growth." Journal of Immunology 153, no. 5 (September 1, 1994): 2072–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.153.5.2072.

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Abstract We examined the interaction between HIV-1 Tat protein and the opportunistic pathogen Mycobacterium avium. AIDS-associated strains of M. avium were shown to bind Tat protein quite avidly in an attachment assay. The attachment of M. avium to Tat was shown to occur via the integrin alpha 5 beta 1 present on the mycobacterial cell surface. M. avium strains were shown to bind the viral Tat protein with high affinity in a specific fashion (600 binding sites with a Kd of 1 to 5 nM). M. avium coated with Tat protein were shown to be more infective for human alveolar macrophages than untreated M. avium. Other HIV-1 Ags had no such effects (e.g., p24, p17). Examination of the cytokine profile of infected macrophages showed that M. avium-Tat complexes induced higher levels of TGF beta-1 (TGF beta 1) than M. avium alone or M. avium that had been in contact with other viral proteins. Conditioned media from HIV-1-infected H9 cells released a factor that enhanced M. avium intramacrophage growth, and was partially neutralized by an anti-Tat Ab. Finally, Tat protein (purified or present in conditioned media from infected cells) moderately enhanced the growth of M. avium strains in extracellular media, and exposure of M. avium to Tat protein in the presence of IL-6 enhanced the growth of AIDS-associated strains. These data argue for an interaction between the Tat viral product and the opportunistic pathogen M. avium which may contribute to the exquisite susceptibility of AIDS subjects to this pathogen.
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Skoric, M., E. J. Shitaye, R. Halouzka, P. Fictum, I. Trcka, M. Heroldova, E. Tkadlec, and I. Pavlik. "Tuberculous and tuberculoid lesions in free living small terrestrial mammals and the risk of infection to humans and animals: a review." Veterinární Medicína 52, No. 4 (January 7, 2008): 144–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2032-vetmed.

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The present study describes pathogenesis and morphology of tuberculous and tuberculoid lesions in small terrestrial mammals, above all, in rodents. The most serious infectious agents that cause tuberculous and tuberculoid lesions in these animals are also cited. Besides others, the diseases caused by pathogenic mycobacteria that are members of <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> and <i>M. avium</i> complexes, <i>M. lepraemurium</i>, tularaemia, brucellosis and salmonellosis are included in the present study.
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Slany, M., J. Svobodova, A. Ettlova, I. Slana, V. Mrlik, and I. Pavlik. "Mycobacterium arupense among the isolates of non-tuberculous mycobacteria from human, animal and environmental samples." Veterinární Medicína 55, No. 8 (September 15, 2010): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/2956-vetmed.

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Mycobacterium arupense is a non-tuberculous, potentially pathogenic species rarely isolated from humans. The aim of the study was to ascertain the spectrum of non-tuberculous mycobacteria within 271 sequenced mycobacterial isolates not belonging to M. tuberculosis and M. avium complexes. Isolates were collected between 2004 and 2009 in the Czech Republic and were examined within the framework of ecological studies carried out in animal populations infected with mycobacteria. A total of thirty-three mycobacterial species were identified. This report describes the isolation of M. arupense from the sputum of three human patients and seven different animal and environmental samples collected in the last six years in the Czech Republic: one isolate from leftover refrigerated organic dog food, two isolates from urine and clay collected from an okapi (Okapia johnstoni) and antelope bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus) enclosure in a zoological garden, one isolate from the soil in an eagle's nest (Haliaeetus albicilla) band two isolates from two common vole (Microtus arvalis) livers from one cattle farm. All isolates were identified by biochemical tests, morphology and 16S rDNA sequencing. Also, retrospective screening for M. arupense occurrence within the collected isolates is presented.
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Brown-Elliott, Barbara A., Thomas R. Fritsche, Brooke J. Olson, Sruthi Vasireddy, Ravikiran Vasireddy, Elena Iakhiaeva, Diana Alame, Richard J. Wallace, and John A. Branda. "Comparison of Two Commercial Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) Systems for Identification of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria." American Journal of Clinical Pathology 152, no. 4 (July 17, 2019): 527–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcp/aqz073.

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Abstract Objectives This multicenter study’s aim was to assess the performance of two commercially available matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry systems in identifying a challenge collection of clinically relevant nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Methods NTM clinical isolates (n = 244) belonging to 23 species/subspecies were identified by gene sequencing and analyzed using Bruker Biotyper with Mycobacterial Library v5.0.0 and bioMérieux VITEK MS with v3.0 database. Results Using the Bruker or bioMérieux systems, 92% and 95% of NTM strains, respectively, were identified at least to the complex/group level; 62% and 57%, respectively, were identified to the highest taxonomic level. Differentiation between members of Mycobacterium abscessus, M fortuitum, M mucogenicum, M avium, and M terrae complexes/groups was problematic for both systems, as was identification of M chelonae for the Bruker system. Conclusions Both systems identified most NTM isolates to the group/complex level, and many to the highest taxonomic level. Performance was comparable.
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Leite, Fernando L., Timothy A. Reinhardt, John P. Bannantine, and Judith R. Stabel. "Envelope protein complexes of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis and their antigenicity." Veterinary Microbiology 175, no. 2-4 (February 2015): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.11.009.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Mycobacterium avium complexes"

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Florence, William Clinton. "Increased stability of class II MHC-peptide complexes in macrophages infected with mycobacterium avium and the examination of a novel role for cathepsin L in the innate immune response to Francisella Novicida infection." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1173298339.

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Florence, William C. "Increased stability of class II MHC-peptide complexes in macrophages infected with Mycobacterium avium and the examination of a novel role for Cathepsin L in the innate immune response to Francisella Novicida infection." The Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1173298339.

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Oliveira, Anita Santos de. "O complexo Mycobacterium avium: caracterização e patogenicidade." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5176.

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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas
As infeções provocadas por micobactérias são das doenças mais antigas que afetam a humanidade, estando descritas há mais de 4000 anos. As micobactérias ditas atípicas (NTM - "non-tuberculous mycobacteria"), nomeadamente as pertencentes ao complexo Mycobacterium avium (MAC), são ubíquas no meio ambiente, sendo impossível evitar a exposição ambiental. Estas bactérias são ingeridas através da água e alimentos, mas também inaladas através de aerossóis. Assim, uma grande parte da população já teve contato com MAC, mas nunca desenvolveu doença. O interesse pelas doenças provocadas por NTM cresceu exponencialmente com o recrudescimento global da epidemia da SIDA, pois muitas são patogénicos oportunistas. A infeção pulmonar é a forma de apresentação mais comum do MAC, mas também pode ocorrer infeção disseminada. De modo a evitar o desenvolvimento de doença oportunista recomenda-se o uso de profilaxia. A difícil eliminação do MAC pelos hospedeiros susceptíveis leva à sua permanência no interior das células fagocíticas e acaba por conduzir à formação de granuloma pulmonar. O diagnóstico diferencial baseia-se em métodos fenotípicos e genéticos. Relativamente ao tratamento, devido à sua camada exterior lipofílica, os medicamentos hidrofílicos apresentam fraca penetração. A terapia habitual utiliza uma combinação de antibióticos, para prevenir o surgimento de resistências. Infections caused by mycobacteria are of the oldest diseases affecting humanity, being described and researched about for over 4000 years. The atypical mycobacteria (NTM - "non-tuberculous mycobacteria"), in particular those belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), are ubiquitous in the environment, thus making it impossbile to avoid environmental exposure. These bacteria are ingested through water and foods but also through inhaled aerosols. Therefore, a large part of the population has had contact with MAC, but never developed any associated diseases. Interest in diseases caused by NTM has grown exponentially with the global resurgence of the AIDS epidemic, because many are opportunistic pathogens. Pulmonary infection is the most common form of presentation of the MAC, but can also be seen as a disseminated infection. To prevent the development of opportunistic infection it is recommended to use prophylaxis. The difficult elimination of susceptible hosts by MAC results in them staying permanently within the phagocytic cells and ultimately leads to the formation of pulmonary granuloms. Differential diagnosis is based on phenotypic and genetic methods. For the treatment, due to its lipophilic outer layer, hydrophilic drugs have poor penetration. The usual therapy uses a combination of antibiotics, to prevent emergence of resistance.
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Fujita, Kohei. "Association between polyclonal and mixed mycobacterial Mycobacterium avium complex infection and environmental exposure." Kyoto University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/188673.

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Oliveira, Eugenia Marcia de Deus. "Estudo da transmissão horizontal de Mycobacterium avium em suínos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-11072007-102944/.

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Haja vista a existência de quatro famílias de M. avium molecularmente distintas circulando na população de suínos do Sul do Brasil, a diferença de virulência constatada entre essas quatro famílias, a influência da virulência nos mecanismos de transmissão, as dúvidas existentes a respeito da existência e da importância da transmissão horizontal de M. avium em suínos e do significado desse conhecimento para o estabelecimento de métodos de controle eficientes, o presente projeto tem por objetivos: 1) Padronizar método de isolamento de micobactérias a partir de fezes suínas; 2) Caracterizar a eliminação de M.avium pelas fezes em suínos experimentalmente infectados pela via oral; 3) Verificar se existe transmissão horizontal entre suínos durante a fase de eliminação ativa, através de experimentos envolvendo infecção oral e exposição de animais contactantes; 4) Estudar, através de modelagem matemática, a dinâmica da infecção por M.avium em uma população suína. Como resultados, para cada um dos itens obteve-se: 1) Houve diferença significativa entre os protocolos de recuperação de micobactérias a partir de fezes de suínos (p< 0,05) e o método ácido com ressuspensão em solução de anfotericina B e semeadura em meio de Lowenstein-Jensen com antibióticos apresentou o maior percentual de recuperação (87%); 2) Foram constados dois períodos de eliminação fecal de MAC em suínos: um inicial, relativo à eliminação residual do inóculo, do 1º ao 4º, e um segundo, com início no 18º e término no 62º dias pós-inoculação, este último é resultado de suposta lesão aberta para a luz do intestino; 3) Cinco, dos sete animais contactantes, infectaram-se com o M.avium, estirpe PIG B e 4) A simulação matemática da doença, considerando a transmissão horizontal como mecanismo principal da ocorrência de condenações em matadouro por linfadenite granulomatosa é inconsistente com o que se observa na população. Portanto, o componente ambiental tem papel preponderante na dinâmica das infecções micobacterianas dos suínos produzidos no Brasil.
Considering four genetic distinct M. avium families within the swine population of the Southern Brazil, the virulence difference detected among them, the virulence influence on the transmission mechanisms, the current doubts concerning M. avium horizontal transmission existence and importance in swine and about its knowledge meaning in order to stablish efficient control programs, the objectives of the present study were: 1) to set in a standard mycobacterial isolation method from swine feces; 2) to characterize M. avium excretion through feces in swine infected orally; 3) to verify the existence of horizontal transmission among swine during the active elimination phase, by experiments involving oral infection and exposure of contacting animals; 4) to study, through mathematical modelling, M. avium infection dynamics in a swine population. These are the attained results for each of the items: 1) there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between the mycobacterial recovery protocols from swine feces and the acid method with suspension in amphotericin solution and inoculation in Lowenstein-Jensen media with antibiotics presented the greatest recovery percentage (87%); 2) two fecal elimination periods of M. avium in swine feces were observed: an initial one, relative to the residual elimination of the inoculum, within days 1 and 4, and a second one, starting at day 18 and ending at day 62 post inoculation - the last one results from a supposed lesion opened to the intestinal lumen. 3) Five out of seven contacting animals were infected with M. avium; 4) The mathematical simulation of the disease, considering the horizontal transmission as the major mechanism of occurrence of condemnation at slaughterhouses due to granulomatous lymphadenitis is not consistent with what is observed in the population. Therefore, the environmental component plays a preponderant role in the mycobacterial infections dynamics of swine raised in Brazil.
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Oliveira, Eugenia Márcia de Deus. "Avaliação da virulência de estirpes de Mycobacterium avium presentes na população de suínos no sul do Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10134/tde-14042008-151107/.

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Tendo sido comprovada a existência da famílias molecularmente distintas de M. avium circulando em suínos de região sul do Brasil, e havendo dúvidas a respeito da importância da transmissão horizontal como mecanismo de manutenção da doença, o presente teve por objetivo estudar a virulência dessas estirpes, informação importente para o aperfeiçoamento dos métodos de controle. As estirpes emergiram do estudo caso-controle, onde as tipagens moleculares por RFLP mostraram a existência de quatro famílias de M. avium (PIG-A, B, C e D). Um estirpe representante de cada família foi inoculada pela via intra-peritoneal em 48 hamsters com uma dose de 30.000 U.F.C. por animal. Após 2, 13, 26 e 40 dias da inoculação, 12 hamsters inoculados de cada família foram anestesiados, sacrificados e os agentes foram quantificados no fígado, baço e pulmão. A presença das estirpes foi verificada no sangue e também foram realizados exames histológicos. As estipers PIG-A, B, C e D desenvolveram lesões granulomatosas no fígado e baço nos quatro tempos experimentais; disseminaram-se pela via linfo-hemática, multiplicando-se em fígado, baço e pulmão. Nos quatro tempos experimentais houve diferença entre as contagens de U.F.C./g entre os órgãos (T1: p<0,001; T2: p<0,001; T3: p<0,001 e T4: p<0,001) e as obtidas do baço foram sempre superiores às do fígado e pulmão. Nos quatro tempos experimentais houve diferença entre as contagens de U.F.C./g entre as estirpes (T1: p<0,001; T2: <0,001; T3: p<0,001 e T4: p<0,001) e foi possível construir a seguinte escala decrescente de virulência: PIG-B > PIG-A > PIG-D > PIG-C.
Given that the existence of molecularly different families of M. avium circulating in swine of the south area of Brazil has been proved, and that some doubts remain regarding the importance of the horizontal transmission as mechanism of maintenance of the disease, this work aimed to study the virulence of those strains, an important information for the improvement of the control methods. The strains emerged from a case-control study, when the RFLP molecular typification showed the existence of four families of M. avium (PIG-A, B, C and D). A strain representative of each family was inoculated by intra-peritoneal route in 48 hamsters with a dose of 30.000 C.F.U./animal. After 2, 13, 26 and 40 days post-infection, 12 inoculated hamsters of each family were anesthetized, euthanized and the bacteria were quantified in the liver, spleen and lung. The presence of the strains was verified in the blood and also histological exams were accomplished. The strains PIG-A, B, C and D developed granulomatous lesions in the liver and spleen in the four experimental times; they were disseminated by the linfo-haematic route, multiplying in liver, spleen and lung. In the four experimental times there was difference among the countings of C.F.U./g among the organs (T1: p<0,001; T2: p<0,001; T3: p<0,001 and T4: p<0,001) and that obtained of the spleen were always superiors to the one of the liver and lung. In the four experimental times there was difference among the countings of C.F.U./g among the ancestries (T1: p<0,001; T2: p<0,001; T3: p<0,001 and T4: p<0,001) and was possible to build the following order of decreasing virulence: PIG-B > PIG-A > PIG-D > PIG-C.
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Merrien, Dominique. "Infection a mycobacterium avium complex au cours du sida : etude de l'evolution sous traitement chez 34 patients." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT254M.

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Peillon, Rachel. "Épidémiologie moléculaire de bactéries appartenant au complexe Mycobacterium avium dans l'infection sidéenne." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO1T057.

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Muhammed, Ameen Sirwan. "Re-evaluation of older antibiotics in the area of resistant mycobacteria." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM5058.

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Chez les patients traités par un régime posologique, La concentration sérique moyenne et l'écart type de la concentration SMX était 161,01 ± 69,154 mg/L et de 5,788 ± 2,74 mg/L pour le TMP. La concentration minimale inhibitrice 90% (CMI 90) était de 10 mg/L pour le cotrimoxazole et la sulfadiazine contre Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Toutes les mycobactéries étaient inhibées par 20 mg/L de cotrimoxazole et de sulfadiazine. Les CMI de l'ivermectine contre 13 souches complexe M. tuberculosis ont varié entre 10 et 40 mg/L. En outre, tous isoler M. tuberculosis étaient résistants à la squalamine avec CMI > 100 mg/L. Dans une autre partie nous avons montré que tous les isolats du complexe Mycobacterium avium étaient résistants au triméthoprime avec une CMI > 200 mg/mL. Le cotrimoxazole, le sulfaméthoxazole et la sulfadiazine ont montré une CMI respectivement de 10 mg/L, 25 mg/L et 20 mg/L, à l'exception de Mycobacterium chimaera qui présentait une CMI de 10 mg/L pour ces molécules. La comparaison de la séquence du gène de la dihydroptéroate synthase de M. intracellulare et M. chimaera a montré seulement quatre changements d'acides aminés
Firstly, we measured the serum concentration of Sulfamethoxazole (SMX)-Trimethoprim (TMP) in patients treated with high dosage regimen. The mean values and standard deviation for SMX concentration was 161.01± 69.154 mg/L and of 5.788 ± 2.74 mg/L for TMP. Susceptibility testing yielded a minimum inhibitory concentration 90% (MIC90) of 10 mg/L for cotrimoxazole and sulfadiazine. All M. tuberculosis complex mycobacteria (MTC) were inhibited by 20 mg/L cotrimoxazole and sulfadiazine. Also, the MICs of ivermectin varied between 10 and 40 mg/L, against 13 MTC mycobacteria. Moreover, all M. tuberculosis isolate were resistant to squalamine with MIC > 100 mg/L. Also, all Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) isolates were resistant to trimethoprim with MIC > 200 mg/L. Cotrimoxazole, sulfamethoxazole and sulfadiazine exhibited MIC of 10 mg/L, 25 mg/L and 20 mg/L, respectively against all tested MAC isolates except for Mycobacterium chimaera which exhibited MICs of 10 mg/L for these molecules. Comparing the DHPS gene sequence in M. intracellulare and M. chimaera type strains and clinical isolates yielded only four amino acid changes
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Ben, Salah Iskandar. "Les mycobactéries du complexe Mycobacterium avium : identification et interactions avec les amibes libres." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX20682.

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Les amibes libres sont des eucaryotes unicellulaires qui hébergent des mycobactéries environnementales. Cette association permet aux mycobactéries de résister aux conditions défavorables après sélection de stratégies de contournement de la phagocytose au profit des mycobactéries qui utilise les amibes comme “cheval de Troie”. Nous avons montré que 26 espèces de mycobactéries étaient capables de survivre dans les trophozoïtes et dans les kystes d’Acanthamoeba polyphaga. Nous avons ensuite sélectionné les mycobactéries du complexe Mycobacterium avium (MAC) comme prototypes des interactions avec les amibes. Dans un premier travail, nous avons identifié les espèces du MAC par une approche polyphasique basée sur le séquençage partiel du gène rpoB. Cette séquence permet de différentier les espèces et les sous espèces du MAC avec une divergence de 0. 7-5. 1% au sein des souches de références. Parmi les 100 isolats cliniques étudiés, ce cut-off a permis d’identifier 83% de M. Avium, 2% de M. Chimaera, 8% de M. Intracellulare et 7 souches atypiques. Nous avons ensuite montré que 5/7 des souches atypiques étaient représentatives de trois nouvelles espèces que nous avons nommées : M. Marseillense, M. Bouchedurhonense et M. Timonense. Ce travail a été appliqué à la description d’adénopathie à M. Colombiense. Nous avons enfin étudié les interactions des 8 espèces du MAC avec A. Polyphaga et nous avons montré qu’elles étaient toutes capable de se multiplier et de survivre dans les trophozoïtes et les kystes d’A. Polyphaga. En conclusion le séquençage du gène rpoB constitue un outil moléculaire performant pour la détection de nouvelles espèces dans le MAC et l’étude de leurs interactions avec les amibes.
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Books on the topic "Mycobacterium avium complexes"

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Stowell, Janet, and Ronan Breen. Pulmonary disease caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199657742.003.0014.

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This chapter describes a case of Mycobacterium malmoense in a male ex-smoker with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The approaches to a diagnosis of pulmonary non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease are discussed, including key laboratory features and associated radiological changes. The factors influencing the decision to treat and treatment regimen selected are reviewed, along with evidence from landmark trials regarding drug combinations and the role of surgery in managing non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease. This case was complicated by a secondary diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis, and the challenges of treating non-tuberculous mycobacteria and Aspergillus concurrently are highlighted. Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection in HIV-positive patients can behave differently to non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease in immunocompetent individuals. Restoring immunocompetence is key to the success of non-tuberculous mycobacterial treatment in these individuals, but beware Mycobacterium avium complex-related immune restoration inflammatory syndrome.
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Zinsstag, Jakob, Borna Müller, and Ivo Pavlik. Mycobacterioses. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0015.

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The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex MTC is composed of several species of mycobacteria which are M. tuberculosis, the main cause of human tuberculosis, M. canetti, M. africanum, M. microti, M. pinnipedii, M. caprae, and M. bovis. Cattle are the principal host of M. bovis, but a large number of other ruminants and other mammals, particularly wildlife are infected. Human tuberculosis is a global problem of huge proportions. More than 95% of human tuberculosis cases occur in developing and transition countries, of which one third are in Africa but the proportion of cases caused by M. bovis is still not known. Today, bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is re-emerging and threatens the livestock industry in industrialized countries with wildlife reservoirs like the wild tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in the USA or the badger (Meles meles) in the UK. Most developing countries lack the means and capacity for effective control of BTB. A better understanding of its epidemiology is required to identify novel, locally adapted options for control in a given context. BTB in Africa is emphasized here because of the special importance of multiple transmission interfaces between wildlife, livestock and humans.In addition to obligatory pathogenic mycobacteria (esp. members of the MTC), potentially pathogenic mycobacteria (PPM) previously designated as ‘mycobacteria other than tubercle bacilli’ (MOTT) are increasingly important causes of mycobacterioses in humans and animals. Most of them are opportunistic in humans and occur mostly in immunocompromised patients. The mycobacteria that cause human disease are both the M. avium complex (MAC) members and other mycobacterial species MAC members have been detected in more than 95% of cases; this chapter will mainly focus on M. avium subsp. avium, M. a. hominissuis, and M. intracellulare.
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Wilson, John W., and Lynn L. Estes. Nontuberculosis Mycobacterial Infections. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199797783.003.0125.

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•Group I (photochromogens): Produces pigment in light: Mycobacterium kansasii, M marinum, M simiae•Group II (scotochromogens): Produces pigment in dark: M scrofulaceum, M szulgai, M xenopi, M gordonae•Group III (nonphotochromogens): No pigment: M avium-intracellulare complex (MAC), M haemophilum, M ulcerans, M malmoense, M terrae...
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Henggeller, Michelle. Infections in the HIV Patient. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199976805.003.0055.

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The hallmark of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patient with a cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) T lymphocyte count below 200 is the development of opportunistic infections. Although the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has decreased the incidence of these infections, they continue to be a major case of morbidity and mortality in the patient with HIV. These infections can be respiratory in nature and present with cough or shortness of breath: Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), tuberculosis (TB), aspergillosis, and coccidioidomycosis. Neurological infections, which can present with change in mental status, include toxoplasmosis encephalitis (TE), meningoencephalitis, John Cunningham (JC) virus, and progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Gastrointestinal infections, such as Cryptosporidium, present with abdominal pain and diarrhea. Viral changes can result from cytomegalovirus retinitis. Fever or nonspecific symptoms can result from disseminated Mycobacterium Avium complex disease, histoplasmosis, bartonellosis, and cytomegalovirus.
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Book chapters on the topic "Mycobacterium avium complexes"

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Turenne, Christine Y., and David C. Alexander. "Mycobacterium avium complex." In Paratuberculosis: organism, disease, control, 64–75. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789243413.0064.

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Holt, Michael R., and Charles L. Daley. "Mycobacterium avium Complex Disease." In Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Disease, 301–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93473-0_11.

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Daley, Charles L. "Mycobacterium avium Complex Disease." In Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections, 663–701. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555819866.ch40.

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Collins, Frank M. "Mycobacterium avium-Complex Infections and Immunodeficiency." In Infectious Agents and Pathogenesis, 389–414. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5418-5_18.

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Jenks, Jeffrey D., and Constance A. Benson. "M. avium Complex and Other Nontuberculous Mycobacteria and HIV." In Encyclopedia of AIDS, 1–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9610-6_411-1.

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Jenks, Jeffrey D., and Constance A. Benson. "M. avium Complex and Other Nontuberculous Mycobacteria and HIV." In Encyclopedia of AIDS, 1255–64. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7101-5_411.

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Toba, H., I. Tsuyuguchi, H. Kimura, H. Fujiwara, S. Hanamoto, H. Kawasumi, and S. Kishimoto. "Clinical Trial of Recombinant Human IL-2 in the Treatment of Mycobacterium Avium Avium Complex Infection." In From Clone to Clinic, 227–32. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3780-5_27.

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Hooper, Lucilla C., and William W. Barrow. "Decreased Mitogenic Response of Murine Spleen Cells Following Intraperitoneal Injection of Serovar-Specific Glycopeptidolipid Antigens from the Mycobacterium Avium Complex." In Host Defenses and Immunomodulation to Intracellular Pathogens, 309–25. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-5421-6_31.

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ANDREW, PETER W., and GRAHAM J. BOULNOIS. "Early Days in the Use of DNA Probes for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium Complexes." In Gene Probes for Bacteria, 179–203. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-463000-0.50013-x.

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Rosenow, Edward C. "Mycobacterium avium Complex (MAC)." In Mayo Clinic Challenging Images for Pulmonary Board Review, 703–15. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199756926.003.0095.

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• M avium and M intracellulare are genetically so similar that they are considered the same organism (ie, MAC [M avium complex, formerly Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, or MAIC]) • MAC is most common mycobacterial organism cultured and one of most common of all organisms cultured •...
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Conference papers on the topic "Mycobacterium avium complexes"

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Singh, G., E. Rayyan, and R. Alalawi. "Return of the Mycobacterium Avium Complex." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a7349.

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Tabernero Huguet, E., L. Altube, J. A. Garcia Fuertes, M. V. Leal Arranz, J. Ugedo Urruela, N. Ortiz Laza, B. Ortiz De Urbina, et al. "Mycobacterium avium complex pulmonary disease. Risk factors." In ERS International Congress 2022 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2022.3246.

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Heffer, Matthew J., Fahad Al-Ghimlas, Victor Hoffstein, Frances Jamieson, Mauli Mehta, Pamela Chedore, Kevin May, and Theodore K. Marras. "Mycobacterium Avium And Mycobacterium Intracellulare: Distinct Pathogens Or Just A “complex”?" In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a2608.

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Khan, T. M. A., Y. Ansari, S. Ansari, M. Arabiat, M. Ahmed, N. Kazimuddin, and I. Waheed. "Mycobacterium Avium Intracellulare Complex Infection Mimicking Endobronchial Tumor." In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a3075.

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Pennington, K., and P. Escalante. "Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Anti-Mycobacterial Therapy versus No Anti- Mycobacterial Therapy for Mycobacterium Avium Complex Pulmonary Disease." In American Thoracic Society 2019 International Conference, May 17-22, 2019 - Dallas, TX. American Thoracic Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_meetingabstracts.a2537.

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Low, D., N. Hasan, B. Wagner, and J. A. Nick. "Clinical Response to Mycobacterium Avium Complex in Cystic Fibrosis." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a5430.

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GÓMEZ, MARTA, Silvia Bravo, Pablo Salmón, Mikel Ganuza, Nerea Hervás, Irene Rodríguez, Amaia Arrubla, Raúl Armendáriz, Eduardo Albéniz, and Juan José Vila. "Infección gastroduodenal por Mycobacterium Avium Complex en paciente VIH." In 43 Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Endoscopia Digestiva. Grupo Pacífico, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.48158/seed2021.p241.

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van Ingen, Jakko, Sarah Elizabeth Totten, Niels K. Helstrom, Leonid B. Heifets, and Charles L. Daley. "Clofazimine And Amikacin Act Synergistically, In Vitro, Against Mycobacterium Abscessus, Mycobacterium Chelonae And Mycobacterium Avium Complex." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a2408.

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Rotter, Juliana, Christopher S. Graffeo, Hannah E. Gilder, Lucas P. Carlstrom, Avital Perry, and Michael J. Link. "Polymicrobial Intracerebral Abscess Growing Achromobacter Xylosoxidans and Mycobacterium Avium Complex." In 30th Annual Meeting North American Skull Base Society. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1702586.

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Tabernero Huguet, Eva, Sandra Pedrero Tejada, Idoia Salinas Garrido, Elena Urra Zabildegoitia, Isabel Lopez Aranaga, and Rafael Zalacain Jorge. "Significance of Mycobacterium Avium Complex (MAC) isolation in bronchoscopic samples." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa537.

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Reports on the topic "Mycobacterium avium complexes"

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Bradner, Laura K., Judith R. Stabel, Donald C. Beitz, and Suelee Robbe-Austerman. Shedding of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis into Milk and Colostrum of Naturally Infected Dairy Cows over Complete Lactation Cycles. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-118.

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