Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Myanmar'
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Karlsson, Pontus. "Demokratiseringsprocessen i Myanmar : En kvalitativ fallstudie om Myanmars konfliktdrabbade demokratiseringsprocess." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-74876.
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The democratic process in Myanmar has been a troublesome one. Since the democratic wave arrived the country has witnessed an intense conflict which has led to something that the Human Rights Watch has called an ethnic cleansing. This essay focuses on the institutional instability and will try to explain how the instability and its product of low civil knowledge contributes to the manipulation of the people by the state elites, in this case the military. The main theory that is used during this essay is created by the political scientist Jack Snyder who writes about how weak institutional development in democratic processes has a greater risk of getting hijacked by elites within states who does not want to give up all of their power to the democratic force. This essay will also use theories from other political scientists such as Robert Dahl to strengthen some of the arguments about the democratic process. The questions that this essay will discuss is whether the weak institutional situation and the low civic skills together with the manipulation by the military is the main problem to the chaotic situation we are witnessing today. To approach this problem the essay will examine three important institutional parts of the Myanmar society to try and create logical conclusions about the situation based on Jack Snyder's theory.
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Sein, Ma Yin Yin. "Analytical study of selected Myanmar biography and autobiography published in Myanmar." Yangon : University of Yangon Department of Library and Information Studies, 2002. http://books.google.com/books?id=_-ffAAAAMAAJ.
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Thongtan, Sirichada. "The Thailand, Myanmar and ASEAN triangle : restructuring Thailand's foreign policy towards Myanmar." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427049.
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Nandar, Linn. "Integration of Traditional Architectural Identities with Contemporary Myanmar Houses in Central Myanmar." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232011.
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Aung, Myint Vason Silpasuwan. "Self-medication among Myanmar villagers /." Abstract, 1999. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2542/42E-AungMyint.pdf.
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Tun, Kyaw Myo. "Artemisinin resistant falciparum malaria in Myanmar." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:48c0b91e-2126-4621-adca-1908d453b5a2.
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Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is first-line treatment for Plasmodium falciparum malaria globally but artemisinin resistance is now prevalent across Southeast Asia. Myanmar has the highest malaria burden in the region, and determining the prevalence of artemisinin resistance and current therapeutic efficacy of first-line antimalarial drugs is critical for both clinicians and policy makers planning malaria control and elimination programmes. The aim of this research was to study the geographical extent, prevalence, degree and optimum treatment of artemisinin-resistant falciparum malaria in Myanmar through a countrywide molecular survey and two multicentre clinical trials supported by parasitological and pharmacological investigations. In a molecular survey of clinical falciparum malaria cases carried out in 55 sites across 10 administrative regions and border sites in neighbouring countries 39% of cases (371/940) were associated with parasites carrying a kelch13 propeller mutation. Kelch13 mutation prevalence exceeded 10% in much of the east and north of the country and was 47% in an area 25 km from the border with India. In a trial conducted in central and northern Myanmar treatment efficacy of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) was 100% but there was delayed parasite clearance associated with the kelch13 mutation F446I (median clearance half-life 4.7 hours, IQR, 3.7 to 6.2). In a randomised controlled trial of 3-days versus 5-days artemether-lumefantrine (AL) treatment efficacy was 100% (95%CI, 94.9-100) and 97% (95%CI, 90-99.7) respectively and the two arms showed equal clearance rates (measured by an ultrasensitive quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay, uqPCR). There was no association between the presence of kelch13 propeller mutations and residual parasite density at day 21, measured using uqPCR. Gametocyte carriage rates were high reinforcing the need to implement single low-dose primaquine (0.25 mg/kg) with ACTs to kill gametocytes in this area of artemisinin resistance. In conclusion, artemisinin resistant falciparum malaria is widespread in Myanmar. While DP and AL remain efficacious, the partner drugs are vulnerable and if resistance develops treatment efficacy is likely to decline rapidly. Greater efforts are urgently needed to monitor treatment efficacy of first-line antimalarial drugs and develop alternative treatment regimens.
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Einarsson, Ewa. "Rohingya Conflict : A minority in Myanmar." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och kulturvetenskap (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72462.
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Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att analysera Rohingya konflikten utifrån maktrelationer, genom att tillämpa Diskursanalysen och Foucaults makt begrepp. Vidare har syftet varit att undersöka på vilket sätt maktrelationer bidragit till konflikten, genom att tillämpa följande frågeställningar Vilka strukturella maktstrukturer blir synliga i diskursen? Vilka normer och värden som styr kunskapssynen samt bidrar till upprätthållande av maktrelationerna? Slutsatsen av analysen är att Myanmars juridiska instanser inte kan förse människor med det skydd som är önskvärt av en stat. Även om militären anses överlämnat makten till politiska företrädare, så innehar de fortfarande den egentliga makten över rättsväsendet, vilket därmed resulterar i att de kontrollerar informationsflöde och har rättigheten att utföra säkerhetsoperationer. Fortsättningsvis har år av diskriminering resulterat i ett apartheid liknande utanförskap där Rohingya således nekats tillträde till publika sfärer, som skola och utbildning samt sjukvård. Ett resultat av det är stigmatisering och utanförskap. Gruppen saknar därmed medborgerliga rättigheter. Ett resultat av det är således att gruppen kan betraktas utifrån att vara i ett konstant underläge och maktrelationen mellan å ena sidan staten och andra etniska grupper bidrar till att upprätthållas. Normer och värden inom landet har även bidragit till synen på gruppen och därmed även maktrelationer upprätthållits och även maktstrukturer som bidragit till att den etniska gruppen Rohingya inte kan påverka sin situation.
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Jonsson, Therése Naomi. "http:// Myanmar : A case study on Internet freedom and responsible investment in Myanmar’s emerging Telecom scene." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-225847.
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Myanmar is one of the least connected countries in the world, with an estimated Internet penetration at just over one per cent. The country was ruled by a rigid military regime for half a century, who had a firm grip on the media and brutally cracked down upon any political dissent. In 2011, in a surprise move, a process of reform and a transition towards democracy began under the leadership of President Thein Sein. As a result, foreign investment in the country’s lagging telecom sector is now emerging. This thesis is a case study that partly aims to identify the major challenges facing Internet freedom as it relates to the human rights discourse and partly explores how two foreign telecom companies, Telenor and Ooredoo, are approaching responsible investment as they enter the country. Methodologically, the study is based on interviews, some of which were conducted during a two months field visit in Myanmar in 2013, and thorough document analysis. The research concludes that the major challenges facing Internet freedom in Myanmar are a deficit legal framework and the absence of digital literacy, which has contributed to irresponsible practices of hate speech in the online environment. Both Ooredoo and Telenor demonstrate an awareness of the complexities in Myanmar, whilst Telenor has a stronger formal commitment to respecting human rights.
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Slagle, John T. "Climate change in Myanmar: impacts and adaptation." Thesis, Monterey, California: Naval Postgraduate School, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/44672.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedMyanmar is a Least Developed Nation, according to the UN, and therefore is highly vulnerable to the negative effects of a changing climate. To assess the relationship between Myanmar and climate change, this thesis analyzes projected impacts on the nation and its people, the current state of adaptation, and how Myanmar’s government has prepared. Projected impacts are viewed through the lens of the most recent IPCC reports and climate models, and discussed in relation to vulnerable areas in Burmese society and governance. This thesis concludes that Myanmar’s environment, people and society are at a significant risk; higher temperatures, altered precipitation rates, and higher sea levels will lead to reduced agriculture output, the spread of disease, and loss of habitable land. Though recent governmental action has laid the framework for suitable adaptation measures, slow progress in past decades has left Myanmar highly vulnerable to the negative impacts of climate change. Myanmar’s next election is scheduled for 2015, and the emerging leaders have the opportunity to make significant progress in climate change adaptation. Cooperation between Myanmar’s new leaders and the international community could accelerate the nation’s adaptation efforts and result in significant progress on climate change preparedness projects.
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Yee, K. T. "Characterisation of metalloproteinases from Myanmar Russell's viper." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2017. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/3008675/.
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Russell’s viper bites are a major public health problem in tropical and subtropical regions. In Myanmar, a Russell’s viper (Daboia russellii siamensis) bite has a 60% morbidity rate and 8.2% fatality rate. Most victims encounter severe bleeding, renal failure and capillary leakage and the bite can possibly lead to death. Snake venom metalloproteinases (SVMPs) are the major components of the Viperidae venom and all mentioned lethal effects of the bites are attributed to these. The only available and partially effective agent for the treatment of the toxic effects is antivenom. Antivenom therapy is not always effective towards small toxins, however, and it can also provoke an anaphylactic response. The development of new therapeutic approaches is becoming increasingly important therefore. For the analysis of SVMP transcripts from Myanmar Russell’s viper, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) of mRNA from venom glands derived from 2 male snakes and 1 female snake was performed on an Illumina HiSeq2000 platform. De novo assembly of the reads was performed using Trinity software and the transcripts were annotated through Blastn against the collection of NCBI nucleotide sequences defined by the key-words (‘venom’ and ‘serpents’) search. Blastx hit results against the UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (swissprot) database were also used for annotation of the transcripts. The abundance distribution (in term of FPKM value) of SVMPs toxin transcripts: disintegrin (75%), P-III SVMPs (25%) and P-II SVMPs (0.002 %), were the same for both male and female samples. No P-I SVMP transcripts were detected in the present analysis. A comparison of the contents of SVMP transcripts in adult male and female venom glands showed some gender-related differences. For example, a disintegrin transcript isoform (Dis 1b) was highly expressed only in the female venom gland, and some P-III SVMP isoforms (P-III 6, 7a, 7b) were only expressed at low level in the male venom glands. The P-II SVMP transcripts were expressed as different isoforms in male and female animals, which could reflect a sex-dimorphism of viper venom biological activities. This finding would support a requirement to use combined venoms of both sexes for preparation of antivenom. In addition to SVMP transcripts, mRNAs of novel tripeptide SVMP inhibitors (SVMPIs) were also discovered. These endogenous inhibitors have potential as a new treatment modality for neutralization of the effect of SVMP toxins. Two major snake SVMPs, RVV-X and daborhagin, were purified from Myanmar Russell’s viper venom using a new purification strategy. Moreover, the two novel endogenous tripeptides identified in transcript analysis, pERW and pEKW were identified and isolated from the crude venom. Both purified SVMPs showed caseinolytic activity. Additionally, RVV-X displayed specific proteolytic activity towards gelatin and Daborhagin showed potent fibrinogenolytic activity. These activities were inhibited by metal chelators. Notably, synthetic versions of the peptide inhibitors, pERW and pEKW, completely inhibited the gelatinolytic and fibrinogenolytic activities of the respective SVMPs when used at 5 mM concentration (estimated molar ratio of SVMP to tripeptide was 1:500). These complete inhibitory effects suggest that these tripeptides deserve further study as candidates for new therapeutic treatment against Russell’s viper envenomation.
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Zhai, Yalei. "Essays on Rural Poverty in Northern Myanmar." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232208.
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Al, Obaidi Thika. "Det statslösa folket : Rohingyerna-konflikten i Myanmar." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhälls- och kulturvetenskap (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-80186.
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Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka de bakomliggande faktorerna till konflikten mellan folkgruppen rohingya och majoritetsbefolkningen i Myanmar. Vidare har syftet även varit att undersöka maktrelationerna i landet och hur de har påverkat den så kallade decimeringen mot rohingya. Undersökningen har tillämpat realismen och konstruktivismen till situationen för att utreda händelserna som föregått det senaste decenniet, genom att applicera följande frågeställningar. Vad är det för maktutövning som utövas mot rohingyerna i Myanma? Vilka maktförhållanden på den internationella arenan påverkar rohingyernas situation? Undersökningen har visat att den obalanserade makten mellan rohingyerna och militären har resulterat i diskriminering och våld mot minoritetsgruppen. Detta sker genom att militären och makthavarna använder sig av både indirekt och direkt maktutövning för att bibehålla sin makt lika väl som rohingyernas rättigheter fortsatt begränsas. Undersökningen har också framkommit att detta sker genom stiftandet av lagar och regler som endast gynnar den burmesisk-buddhistiska folkgruppen i syfte att bibehålla obalansen. Vidare har många år av diskriminering resulterat i att rohingyerna ligger i underläge och utanförskap då de nekas tillträde till publika sfärer, såsom skola, utbildning och sjukvård. Dem saknar även nationstillhörighet och medborgerliga rättigheter. De buddhistiska, nationalistiska och fascistiska normerna och värderingarna i landet har bidragit till denna underlåtna syn på folkgruppen trots att Myanmars regeringen har försökt demokratisera landet de senaste åren. Dock erkänner regeringen inte diskrimineringen eller etniska rensningen som pågår gentemot rohingyerna. I och med det har dem obalanserade maktrelationerna upprätthållits och därav resulterat i att rohingyerna inte kan påverka sin situation
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Win, Chit. "The politics of co-optation in Myanmar." Thesis, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CR_ypiUkmbc&list=PLdn0giYPTOk3y2B2KL2jtS6mHvMPFdj7u&index=7, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/13634.
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Can you imagine Clive Palmer and Tony Abbott sharing a bunk bed in a dormitory? Would Tony be annoyed by Clive’s snoring? Or would Clive be irritated by Tony’s early morning workout?
Well, there’s a place on earth where parliamentarians do live in dorms. Let me take you to Nay Pyi Taw, the new capital of Myanmar, formerly known as Burma. In 2010, after two decades of rule, the military decided to transform itself into a civilian government. But the parliament it created is overwhelmingly controlled by the pro-military party and ethnic minorities are co-opted into the parliament, to create the appearance of diversity and legitimacy while containing them in the dormitories to control their movements.
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Holm, Elin. "The NGO-State Relationship and SRHR in Myanmar." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-380339.
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Mayor, Farguell Santi. "Digital Media and Democratization. The case of Myanmar." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23999.
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This research project aims at exploring the role and potential of digital media in the current democratization process in Myanmar. Understanding democratization as a process of social change that implies empowering civil society and ensuring equality, the question is how digital media contribute to building a participatory democracy in Myanmar after a five decades long military regime. The fast chain of events that led to the recent gradual opening of Myanmar raises doubts and expectations colliding with the vibrant reality of the country. In order to analyse the role of digital media within such a fast-changing scenario, this research intends to answer the following questions: a) How do digital media portray Myanmar? This question will be analysed in relation to the media discourse of the official visit paid by Myanmar’s President Thein Sein to US President Barack Obama in Washington on 20 May 2013. b) How do stakeholders in Myanmar use digital media for democratization? To what extent can digital media become a tool for democratization within a very limited connectivity context? What challenges may the digital media imply in the democratization of Myanmar? Semi-structured interviews with stakeholders were conducted in Yangon to gather up-to-date and first-hand insights. The combination of two qualitative research methods, discourse analysis and semistructured qualitative interviews, aims at building a deeper understanding of the role and potential of digital media in Myanmar. This research pays attention to specificities of Myanmar’s cultural, political and economic context, with a focus on technology and Internet. Field research showed the importance of taking into account the role of social media. A brief theoretical discussion of key concepts such as ‘digital media’, ‘social change’ and ‘democratization’ is provided to build a solid basis for analysis.
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Thwe, Than Than. "Regionalised population forecast for the Union of Myanmar." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB11730030.
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Bik, Herbert Lian. "A brief history of Baptist Churches in Myanmar." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.
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Cheesman, Nicholas Whitridge. "The politics of law and order in Myanmar." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/109594.
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This thesis explores the idea and praxis of "law and order" as an opposing principle of government to the rule of law, through study of the criminal juridical system of Myanmar. It finds that this system alludes routinely to the rule of law while enabling practices that contradict it. It explains this contradiction by arguing that the system is animated by politics that conflate law and order with the rule of law.
The origins of the criminal juridical system in Myanmar lie in the authoritarian imperatives of the British colonial regime. These imperatives the regime expressed legalistically. A formalistic rule-of-law idea took hold and carried over into the postcolony. It expanded to encompass notions of substantive rights; however, after a military takeover of the state apparatus in 1962 it lost credence. When the rule of law re-emerged strongly in political and juridical language during the 1990's, under a new military junta, it was as a synonym for law and order. Yet, semantically "law and order" in Burmese does not refer to "law" at all. It describes an ideal society that is subdued administratively, not one governed juridically.
Reading records of 340 court cases, accompanied by findings from research among legal professionals and extensive study of published and unpublished government documents, I argue that law and order has subsumed the rule of law in Myanmar both as an idea and in practice. I advance the argument by exploring some of the system's key features, including its pursuit of public enemies, and the role of the policeman as bearer of sovereign authority. I show how the criminal juridical system operates as a marketplace for the buying and selling of case outcomes, and how this feature of the system is consonant with the maintenance of order. I examine how the making of complaints against officials is possible within the system's pragmatic frame, and to an extent is encouraged. And I reveal how in response to protest during 2007 courts in Myanmar, rather than sanctioning police officers and other officials for violating law instead functioned as gatekeepers on a juridical threshold, across which people could be taken at will, but from which they could be returned, through trial and sentencing.
The thesis constitutes an empirical response to conceptual debate about the rule of law. It argues that the debate can be enriched through more effort to construct and critique opposing concepts, and through research of systems animated by principles of government other than the rule of law or its likenesses. By positing law and order as one opposing concept, this thesis queries the seeming ubiquity of rule of law discourse. It also illuminates the contradictory qualities of "law and order" itself, alerting us to the persistent difficulty of attempting to reconcile the normative and general properties of law with the pragmatic and particular properties of order.
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Vuorijärvi, April. "The Dark Side of Economic Sanctions: Unveiling the Plight of Women from Myanmar/Burma - A Minor Field Study in Myanmar and Thailand." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23157.
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An investigative research unraveling the implication of economic sanctions on Burmese women. This research was inspired by allegations in 2003 that thousands of women in Burma/Myanmar lost their jobs in the garment industry, thus exposing women to vulnerable aspects of forced migration and trafficking. A short case study of Iraq, Haiti, and Cuba is additionally provided while the history of economic sanctions and boycotts is heavily scrutinized. Perspectives of humanitarian law, human rights law, and feminist theory frame the basis of the research of which provide another critical dimension into the ongoing debate on economic sanctions.
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Sköld, Claes. "Kampen för demokrati i Myanmar : En fallstudie angående Myanmars politiska transition 2015 och varför demokratin inte lyckats få fäste i landet." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-106891.
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The purpose of this essay is going to be about understanding how the transition in Myanmar happened in 2015, when the democratic party and Aung San Suu Kyi won the general election and assumed power. And understanding why the democratic ideology didn’t take root during the period 2015 - 2021 when the democratic party and Aung San Suu Kyi led the country. By applying Samuel P. Huntington’s theory about political transitions and problems that hinder political evolution the essay is looking to find answers to the questions of the essay. The essay analyses the history of the political situation in Myanmar and what the military's role in Myanmar is to evaluate and reach a conclusion. The essay concludes that Myanmar's political situation is complicated, and that the transition made in 2015 was probably not only made possible because of the democrats and Aung San Suu Kyi’s work. The reason that democracy didn’t take root is because of several problems that still exist today and were not solved during the period between 2015 - 2021.
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Rudland, Emily, and emily rudland@netspeed com au. "Political Triage: Health and the State in Myanmar (Burma)." The Australian National University. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, 2004. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20070719.123952.
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In 1988, the military government in Myanmar abandoned the socialist ideology and isolationism that had shaped the state since independence, embarking on a transition to an open economy and engagement of the international community.
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Where socialism had failed, economic development and partnerships with former insurgent groups became the new strategy to advance the militarys security agenda. The primary goal of the security agenda is to promote state consolidation based on a unitary state structure, and according to military values and interests. However, the militarys goals are antagonistic to much of the countrys population, especially its ethnic minority groups. Consequently, the military lacks moral authority, and is preoccupied with maintaining its power and seeking legitimacy. The state is oriented to regime maintenance rather than policy implementation, leaving the regime without autonomy to pursue policy goals outside of its security agenda.
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The changing nature of the state, and state-society relations during the period of transition is revealed by trends in social development. Specifically, this thesis explores these issues through a case study of the health system. One impact of the economic transition and the militarys new nation-building strategy has been the abandonment of social equity as an ideological goal of the state. Even under socialism, state capacity to promote health was weak. In the transitional state, weak state capacity is now combined with a political incapacity of the regime to make public health a priority. In the quest for performance legitimacy, the military government is pursuing a narrow conception of development that values economic growth. Putting the states scarce resources into social development does not fit into this development strategy. Government expenditure on health has declined steadily since 1988, and health bureaucrats struggle to implement government policy. Standards in the public health system are very low, and most people seek health care in the private and informal health sectors.
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Therefore, the military regimes inability to achieve state consolidation, which leaves it preoccupied with its own legitimacy crisis, is a significant factor in the inability of the Myanmar state to promote social development. The process of economic transition from a socialist economy has exacerbated this through the withdrawal of the state from financing and delivery of social services, resulting in increasing inequity of access to these services.
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Coon, George L. "A handbook of homiletics for the pastors of Myanmar." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p068-0566.
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Pang, Lai-kei, and 彭麗姬. "Passive resistance to hegemonic control in China and Myanmar." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31951478.
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Drake, Thomas. "Priority-setting for malaria control and elimination in Myanmar." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f3c77e6e-6c25-4aa9-9de0-4a7bc94826e2.
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In Myanmar, Plasmodium falciparum malaria is important because of both the burden of disease and the emergence of parasites resistant to artemisinin-based therapies. In 2012, concomitant with the lifting of international economic sanctions, funding for malaria control and elimination in Myanmar rose significantly. The University of Oxford was asked to support priority setting by assessing the relative cost-effectiveness of insecticide- treated bed nets and community health workers, particularly with respect to planning in the Myanmar Artemisinin Resistance Containment region along the east of the country. In the context of rising artemisinin resistance and, later, the goal of regional malaria elimination by 2030, reduction in malaria transmission was an important consideration in prioritising between interventions. A cost-effectiveness analysis was undertaken using both a static decision tree model and a dynamic disease transmission model. Supporting work towards this analysis included a systematic review of dynamic-transmission economic-evaluations and the creation of a data repository to collate governmental and non-governmental malaria case records. In addition, initially unplanned work on economic evaluation methodology was completed; identifying challenges in the application of cost utility analysis to this decision problem and proposing a framework for budget-based geographic resource allocation as an adaptation of standard methods. The results of this work include a tripling of the number of malaria diagnostic reports available between 2012 and 2014 (71% increase in Plasmodium falciparum cases) with this data showing a decrease in Plasmodium falciparum cases over time, alongside rising testing rates. Cost utility analysis found that, in general, malaria community health workers are more costly yet more effective than insecticide treated bed nets, though in both cases cost effectiveness is very much context dependent. Geographic allocation analyses using both static and dynamic models illustrate the potential for economic evaluation to provide both more detailed and more practical policy recommendations. Parameter uncertainty was explored in both cases. Some township recommendations were robust to both parameter uncertainty and model variation (structural uncertainty). Viewed through the lens of the Reference Case for Economic Evaluation in Low and Middle Income Countries (published during the course of this DPhil), budget-based geographic resource allocation largely adheres to the healthcare economic evaluation principles and offers improvements to dealing with heterogeneity and resource constraints. This DPhil recommends that Myanmar malaria policy is tailored to reflect geographic variation in intervention cost-effectiveness, rather than focusing on universal coverage, and illustrates a framework for economic evaluation to support budget-based geographic allocation.
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Rollason, Gillian K. "The securitization of HIV/AIDS in Thailand and Myanmar." Thesis, Swansea University, 2014. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43126.
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In January 2000 the United Nations Security Council met to discuss HIV/AIDS. It was the first time the Council had convened solely to consider the security implications of health, a non-traditional security issue. This thesis examines the Copenhagen School theory of securitization, a formulaic tool proposed to bridge the conceptual gap between traditional narrow definitions of security and wider, nontraditional interpretations of the concept. Following a review of the literature, two conclusions are offered; first, that at the heart of the 'radically constructivist' process of securitization is the construction of an existential threat which employs the realist logic of threat and defence. The second conclusion is that this construction am ounts to a suasive process in which fear of a proposed threat and its consequences m ust be invoked within an audience. The application of the theory to health issues, including HIV/AIDS, has facilitated im portant critiques of the ethical consequences of the security linkage and the invocation of fear related to infectious disease is problematic. Using data collected during 13 m onths in Southeast Asia, this thesis investigates whether securitization of HIV/AIDS took place within Thailand or M yanmar following the seminal events at the UNSC. Fifty qualitative interviews were conducted with elite actors in the HIV/AIDS response, including from the United Nations, and the thesis concludes that securitization at the domestic level did not occur in either country. Instead, HIV/AIDS securitization at the UNSC was part of a strategic campaign to mobilise resources for dealing with the epidemic from globally powerful actors. In Thailand and Myanmar, civil society organisations defined the domestic epidemic responses and, being largely comprised of PLWHA, assumed a rights-orientated approach to disease m anagem ent and rejected the threat-defence logic of securitization that could jeopardise their interests.
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Aung, Naing Soe. "Géologie et paléontologie dans la formation de Pondaung (Myanmar)." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20019.
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Min, Zar Ni Aung. "Landscape Evaluation of Bagan Cultural Heritage Site in Myanmar." Kyoto University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/253337.
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Eiamchamroonlarp, Piti. "EITI implementation in Myanmar : opportunities, challenges, and ways forward." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=228961.
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Nyi, Nyi Guest Philip. "The determinants of age at first marriage in Myanmar /." Abstract, 2005. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2548/cd380/4738657.pdf.
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Oo, Thet Su Sakchai Hirunrux. "The violin instructional package for young beginners in Myanmar /." Abstract, 2008. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2551/cd414/4837961.pdf.
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Mi, Mi Aung Khin Santhat Sermsri. "Unmet need of injectable contraception among rural Myanmar women /." Abstract, 2008. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2551/cd415/4938515.pdf.
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Pang, Lai-kei. "Passive resistance to hegemonic control in China and Myanmar." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19047897.
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Brandenburg, Natalie C. "Assembling practices of EU mediation in Myanmar and Georgia." Thesis, University of Kent, 2016. https://kar.kent.ac.uk/57536/.
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The objective of this dissertation is to study the practices of mediation of the European Union (EU) in order to explore how the understanding of violent conflicts by EU officials is reflected in their ways of responding to them through practices of mediation. In late 2011 the in-house Mediation Support Team of the Union took office as part of implementing the Concept on Strengthening EU Mediation and Dialogue Capacities, adopted by the Council of the European Union in 2009. The group began to develop new practices of in-house mediation support, thereby engaging with the already existing efforts of the Union. This study sets out to trace the emergence of this loosely knitted web of practices - the assemblage of EU mediation - by drawing on the sociology of translation or Actor-NetworkTheory and on concepts of governmentality studies. It builds on the four moments of translation as developed by Michel Callon and refines them with the notion of political rationality and techne to assess what it is that makes the assemblage relatively durable. This dissertation argues that the seemingly incoherent and to an extent diverging practices of mediation are in fact organized around a reasoning on violent conflict which securitizes conflict. It is challenged by a transformative rationale which is advocated by the Mediation Support Team. However, the common denominator of both concepts is an understanding of how to build peace with sustainable economic development, the eradication of poverty, strong and democratic state institutions and an effective system of multilateralism as its main components. Taken together, this reasoning or political rationality gives rise to a state-centred approach to violent conflict which often plays out at the expense of a detailed conflict assessment as it simplifies the multiple realities and narratives of violent conflict. Two case studies of EU mediation practices in Myanmar and Georgia substantiate this argument. They are assessed through analysing the transcripts of 63 semi-structured interviews and textual artefacts. Moreover, the dissertation discovers an intriguing puzzle pertaining to how the political rationality of the assemblage of mediation is resisting any form of scrutinizing the underlying assumptions of the state-centred understanding of violent conflict. On the one hand, the Mediation Support Team fulfils a supportive role and did not manage to establish itself as an obligatory passage point of the assemblage which would define how to engage in mediation and require all other actors to pass through it. In fact, the codified practices of the Common Foreign and Security Policy authorize the Council of the European Union to determine the Union's foreign policy objectives, including mandating an actor to mediate on behalf of the EU, and calling for all efforts of resolving violent conflicts to be in line with Council policies. Accordingly, European Union Special Representatives or Heads of Delegations engage in those practices that engender a peace process. On the other hand, the study found that the practices of mediation support structure the way of thinking of EU officials on peace and conflict in that they introduce specific concepts such as the transformative approach to violent conflict and blur the boundaries between EU actors and external experts, thereby raising the question whether or not this will challenge the Union's concept of violent conflict in the future.
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Rudland, Emily. "Political triage : health and the state in Myanmar (Burma) /." View thesis entry in Australian Digital Theses, 2003. http://thesis.anu.edu.au/public/adt-ANU20070719.123952/index.html.
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Bamford, Sally Jane. "Hidden in Plain Sight: the Nat Images of Myanmar." Phd thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/144323.
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Supernatural beings known as ‘nats’ are widely represented in Myanmar art. Until now they have been a neglected area of research, overshadowed by an academic focus on the country’s Buddhist art and architecture. The research for this thesis analyses why the nats are depicted in particular ways, how this has changed over the centuries, and why they are placed in certain contexts. Close examination of primary sources highlights the disconnect between Western and local understanding of the different kinds of nat and their role in Myanmar culture. Clarification of the different typologies of nat is a crucial part of the research. The findings presented highlight the limitations of the resources currently available on the nats, and dispel the misconceptions and ambiguity around the different types. This is particularly important in relation to the pantheon generically known as the ‘Thirty-Seven Nats’. For the first time, a formal art historical analysis of the imagery of Myanmar’s nats is provided. Images of the nats are examined in light of their different typologies, to identify the iconography used in their creation. An analysis of the stylistic development of nat imagery from the 11th century is established for the main media used in their artistic representations. It is argued that the different typologies of the nats reflect their fundamental role as guardians spirits of very different physical and conceptual spaces. Art is used to frame this narrative, and as nats have been made in such a wide variety of media and across all time periods, their imagery reflects how devotees have interacted with their temporal and spiritual worlds throughout history.
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SUPPAKARN, Pongyelar. "The Implications of Japanese Engagement Policy towards Myanmar: 1988-Present." 名古屋大学大学院国際開発研究科, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9065.
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Sheehy, Grace. "A Reproductive Health Needs Assessment in Peri-Urban Yangon, Myanmar." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32785.
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The 2010 elections in Myanmar installed the country’s first civilian-elected government in more than 50 years, and subsequent growth and change have been rapid. However, reproductive health indicators are generally poor and reflect significant regional and geographic disparities. Rural populations are increasingly migrating to urban centers, like Yangon, in search of better economic opportunities and in response to persistent conflict. Many are settling in peri-urban Yangon, a dynamic series of townships characterized by poor infrastructure, slums, and a highly mobile population. However, very little is known about the reproductive health needs of this population. This study was designed to identify the reproductive health needs of women in peri-urban Yangon, and to understand better current practices, available services, and potential avenues for improvement. My research focused on delivery care, contraception, abortion, and post-abortion care. Using a multi-methods approach, and standard qualitative analytic techniques, I identified significant unmet reproductive health needs in peri-urban Yangon. The findings suggest that reproductive health services are often available but inaccessible. Findings demonstrate considerable misinformation, common and unsafe practices surrounding abortion and delivery, and a dearth of comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services for adolescent and unmarried populations.
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Meredith, Katherine Jane. "Navigating the great powers : Myanmar and Southeast Asian security strategies." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44587.
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Small states face a unique predicament in the international system, and have been faced with the necessity of developing a range of strategies to ensure their survival in the midst of great power struggles. In the literature on Southeast Asia, scholars have developed a number of ways of conceptualizing the complex strategies used at the individual and regional level by small states in this region to pursue their security, including triangular politics, complex balancing, omni-enmeshment, and hedging. Through an examination of the case of Myanmar, this thesis finds that in certain situations, the actions taken by states simply do not fit with these conceptualizations; moreover, the pursuit of these security strategies at the bilateral level may be in tension with their pursuit at the multilateral level. This paper argues that the lack of fit and bilateral-multilateral divide are due to assumptions of homogeneity related to the goals and circumstances of states found in the literature on Southeast Asia. In particular, these models of state strategies in do not leave adequate room for countries with different conceptualizations of security and regional order. Similarly, they do not anticipate or explain actions in a country where China is both the main economic and security partner, but rather assume partnerships with the United States. These gaps must be addressed and the models of state strategies extended if analysts are to have a full understanding of countries like Myanmar, as well as broader regional dynamics.
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Singh, Jatswan. "International norms, human rights concerns, and regime behaviour in Myanmar." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539678.
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Win, Sandar. "Sociological institutionalist approach on banks' lending behavior in Myanmar (Burma)." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/315809.
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This is an exploratory study which investigated the process by which banks' lending behaviour in Myanmar (Bunna) was influenced by the institutional environment and their responses towards them. The theoretical framework used in this study was primarily drawn upon Scott's new institutional theory. Since the theory focused on the convergent perspective rather than divergent perspective, the theory of Oliver's strategic responses to these institutional pressures, coercive, normative and mimetic, was incorporated in the theoretical framework development. The main method of data collection was interviews. NVIVO was used to analyse these interviewed data. However, descriptive statistics were also used to provide a comprehensive picture of the context being studied. The findings suggest that banks' always attempted to extemalise risks to borrowers. Their responses to institutional pressures were to conform but a range of other forms of resistance were also found. However, strong forms of resistance were uncommon. I have also identified the situations in which the banks would choose either strong or weak forms of resistance to institutional pressures. Such identifications may add understanding to the specific lending strategies that are developed in different circumstances. The study also contributed to closing the gap in banking literature through conducting research in the context of Myanmar, which was previously unexplored. In addition, it suggests areas needed to be improved for financial sector development in Myanmar.
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Rousseau, Marie-Hélène. "Les réformes démocratiques et la liberté de presse au Myanmar." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8196.
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Le Myanmar traverse présentement une période de changements sans précédent. Des réformes politiques et économiques significatives sont en cours et touchent plusieurs sphères de la société, dont l’univers médiatique. Ce mémoire vise à analyser l’état et l’évolution de liberté de presse dans ce pays en transition démocratique. De nombreuses entrevues semi-dirigées avec des professionnels des médias ont été réalisées en 2014. La collecte d'information sur le terrain et a permis de constater que bien que des avancées importantes aient été faites pour favoriser la liberté de presse, de nombreux défis demeurent. Ils sont ici exposés.
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Ljung, Anna. "Challenges Facing Human Rights in Myanmar : Comparing 2004 and 2018." Thesis, Enskilda Högskolan Stockholm, Högskolan för mänskliga rättigheter, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ths:diva-169.
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Silverman, Clement. "Can positive messaging on social media promote peacebuilding in Myanmar?" Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23127.
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Can positive messaging on social media promote peacebuilding in Myanmar? It is argued that social cognitive communication campaigns reversing negative symbolic interactionism on social networks could be the answer. This paper finds that there has been only one significant campaign, MIDO’s Pan Zagar, to use positive messaging on social media. Whilst the numbers of people that engaged with it suggest that this was popular, there is not enough evidence to determine if this had any behavioural change. However, an opinion survey and interviews show that there is potential to leverage counter narratives towards building peace – especially by harnessing the popularity of the major platform Facebook to both monitor and publish content influencing people towards peaceful behaviour.
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Wai, Wai Lwin Pimonpan Isarabhakdi. "Factors influencing contraceptive method choice in Pathein Township of Myanmar /." Abstract, 2004. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2547/cd369/4638494.pdf.
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Soe, Sai Kyi Zin. "Influence of Donor Aid Policy on Disability Inclusion in Myanmar." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20373.
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Article 32 of the UNCRPD requires that international aid programs are inclusive and accessible to people with disabilities. Myanmar is both a signatory to the UNCRPD and is also a major recipient of aid from signatory countries. This study aimed to identify if the requirements of Article 32. 1 (a) are reflected in donor-funded aid programmes in Myanmar. The primary purpose was to analyse compliance along ‘the aid delivery chain’ understood to encompass policy commitment by donor agencies and in-country partners, identifying influencing factors on disability-inclusive development practices. The research used a multi-method design in a two-step approach involving purposive sampling of three bilateral donors active in Myanmar to analyse their policy commitment of disability inclusion. The second step involved interviews with aid and development stakeholders focusing on respondents’ experiences and understanding about disability inclusion in aid programs in Myanmar. The findings demonstrate the inclusion of persons with disabilities in the aid delivery chain is not yet regarded as a key priority as prescribed by the UNCRPD. Yet, disability inclusion still occurred where a leader within an organization has commitment. The presence of an activist further strengthened disability inclusion. Employing persons with disabilities in organisations helped to raise awareness and understanding about disability in their own organisation and their network of stakeholders. The outcome point to the need to identify policy compliance on the Article 32 by donors who are signatories to the UNCRPD and to recognise the key influencing factors on disability inclusion at all levels of the aid delivery chain. The findings of this study would lead to better understanding of the need to monitor compliance with UNCRPD by the government, donor agencies and disability advocates and activists for disability inclusion in international cooperation and aid and development programmes.
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Khin, Maung Zaw. "REHABILITAION OF MAJOR STEEL BRIDGES IN MYANMAR UNDER SEISMIC RISKS." Kyoto University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/228234.
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Peterkin, Ren. "Perceptions of Tuberculosis among the Karen-Burmese Population in DeKalb County, Georgia." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/79.
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Introduction: This study was conducted to gain an ethnographic understanding of the Karen persons from Myanmar and their perceptions of tuberculosis (TB) as well as to provide the DeKalb County Board of Health (DCBoH) TB program with practical recommendations for serving this population. Methods: In-depth, open-ended interviews were conducted with 37 Karen-Burmese persons living in the U.S. Local bilingual, bicultural researchers conducted the interviews with respondents recruited from the DCBoH TB clinic and surrounding communities in DeKalb County, Georgia. Both qualitative and quantitative strategies were used to analyze the data. Results: We found that the levels of knowledge pertaining to TB varied greatly. There were few perceptions that were statistically significant among gender and recruitment sources. Also, misconceptions were common in regards to TB transmission and low perceptions of risk. The respondents did request TB education in various formats such as videos and television. Some reported difficulties at the DCBoH included lack of interpreters, limited transportation, and clinic hours. Conclusions: Some of the perceptions of the Karen-Burmese towards TB can be addressed through education. To begin this process it is recommended that the DCBoH TB program provide language-appropriate services that enable both clients and staff members to effectively focus on all concerns regarding TB. Extended clinic hours and transportation would also be helpful for Karen clients. It is important that the staff receives continuous training in cultural competency and an overview of potential misconceptions that this population may embrace.
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Bhattacharya, Dahlia. "History of the Bengal settlers in burma (1826-1962) : their impact on the political economic and cultural life of Burma (Myanmar)." Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1675.
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Aung-Kyaw-Zaw. "Utilisation and cost of malaria treatment in Shan state, Myanmar, 2000 /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19082.pdf.
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Pernu, Lauriina. "Towards democracy : How can we explain the democratisation process in Myanmar?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-53012.
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Myanmar (former Burma) has not had an easy path towards democracy. Once a British colony, the country has struggled with the violent military junta for several decades. The international community has been said to have failed in trying to stabilise Myanmar, in spite of good intentions. Although Myanmar is still far from being a consolidated country, there has, however, been some progress with democratisation. This research will study how we can explain the democratisation process in Myanmar. It will concentrate on three key events which are analysed within a framework of two theories: Joseph S. Nye’s soft power, and realism. This study is conducted as a theory testing case study and is therefore using a qualitative method. Previous research in the form of democratisation theories from Diamond and Linz & Stepan are discussed as well. With the help of the theoretical framework, the study aims to discover whether the democratisation process can be explained with the help of those theories.