Journal articles: 'MVP'

1

Kelley, Brian P., Abdul Mateen Chaudry, and Faisal F. Syed. "Developing a Mechanistic Approach to Sudden Death Prevention in Mitral Valve Prolapse." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 5 (February 26, 2022): 1285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051285.

Full text

Abstract:

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) from ventricular fibrillation (VF) can occur in mitral valve prolapse (MVP) in the absence of other comorbidities including mitral regurgitation, heart failure or coronary disease. Although only a small proportion with MVP are at risk, it can affect young, otherwise healthy adults, most commonly premenopausal women, often as the first presentation of MVP. In this review, we discuss arrhythmic mechanisms in MVP and mechanistic approaches for sudden death risk assessment and prevention. We define arrhythmogenic or arrhythmic MVP (AMVP) as MVP associated with complex and frequent ventricular ectopy, and malignant MVP (MMVP) as MVP with high risk of SCD. Factors predisposing to AMVP are myxomatous, bileaflet MVP and mitral annular disjunction (MAD). Data from autopsy, cardiac imaging and electrophysiological studies suggest that ectopy in AMVP is due to inflammation, fibrosis and scarring within the left ventricular (LV) base, LV papillary muscles and Purkinje tissue. Postulated mechanisms include repetitive injury to these regions from systolic papillary muscle stretch and abrupt mitral annular dysmotility (excursion and curling) and diastolic endocardial interaction of redundant mitral leaflets and chordae. Whereas AMVP is seen relatively commonly (up to 30%) in those with MVP, MVP-related SCD is rare (2–4%). However, the proportion at risk (i.e., with MMVP) is unknown. The clustering of cardiac morphological and electrophysiological characteristics similar to AMVP in otherwise idiopathic SCD suggests that MMVP arises when specific arrhythmia modulators allow for VF initiation and perpetuation through action potential prolongation, repolarization heterogeneity and Purkinje triggering. Adequately powered prospective studies are needed to assess strategies for identifying MMVP and the primary prevention of SCD, including ICD implantation, sympathetic modulation and early surgical mitral valve repair. Given the low event rate, a collaborative multicenter approach is essential.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

YAMAMOTO, REI, DAISUKE ISHII, and HIROSHI KONNO. "A MAXIMAL PREDICTABILITY PORTFOLIO MODEL: ALGORITHM AND PERFORMANCE EVALUATION." International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Finance 10, no. 06 (September 2007): 1095–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219024907004561.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper is to show that an algorithm recently proposed by authors can in fact solve a maximal predictability portfolio (MPP) optimization problem, which is a hard nonconvex fractional programming optimization. Also, we will compare MPP with standard mean-variance portfolio (MVP) and show that MPP outperforms MVP and index. We believe that this paper is of interest to researchers and practitioners in the field of portfolio optimization.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Strom, Carolyn. "Designating the MVP." Reading Teacher 68, no. 2 (June 24, 2014): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1287.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Oppenheimer, Stephen. "Editorial Comment: Is MVP an MVP in Ischemic Cerebral Events?" Stroke 34, no. 6 (June 2003): 1345. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.str.0000075773.79199.9a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Nalliah, Chrishan J., Rajiv Mahajan, Adrian D. Elliott, Haris Haqqani, Dennis H. Lau, Jitendra K. Vohra, Joseph B. Morton, et al. "Mitral valve prolapse and sudden cardiac death: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Heart 105, no. 2 (September 21, 2018): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312932.

Full text

Abstract:

ObjectivesMitral valve prolapse (MVP) is commonly observed as a benign finding. However, the literature suggests that it may be associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD). We performed a meta-analysis and systematic review to determine the: (1) prevalence of MVP in the general population; (2) prevalence of MVP in all SCD and unexplained SCD; (3) incidence of SCD in MVP and (4) risk factors for SCD.MethodsThe English medical literature was searched for: (1) MVP community prevalence; (2) MVP prevalence in SCD cohorts; (3) incidence SCD in MVP and (4) SCD risk factors in MVP. Thirty-four studies were identified for inclusion. This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018089502).ResultsThe prevalence of MVP was 1.2% (95% CI 0.5 to 2.0) in community populations. Among SCD victims, the cause of death remained undetermined in 22.1% (95% CI 13.4 to 30.7); of these, MVP was observed in 11.7% (95% CI 5.8 to 19.1). The incidence of SCD in the MVP population was 0.14% (95% CI 0.1 to 0.3) per year. Potential risk factors for SCD include bileaflet prolapse, ventricular fibrosis complex ventricular ectopy and ST-T wave abnormalities.ConclusionThe high prevalence of MVP in cohorts of unexplained SCD despite low population prevalence provides indirect evidence of an association of MVP with SCD. The absolute number of people exposed to the risk of SCD is significant, although the incidence of life-threatening arrhythmic events in the general MVP population remains low. High-risk features include bileaflet prolapse, ventricular fibrosis, ST-T wave abnormalities and frequent complex ventricular ectopy.Trial registrationPROSPERO (CRD42018089502).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Chen, Sin-Cih, Sudha Xirasagar, Ju-Chi Liu, Yi-Wei Kao, Ben-Chang Shia, Tzong-Hann Yang, and Herng-Ching Lin. "A Population-Based Study of Healthcare Resource Utilization in Patients with Mitral Valve Prolapse." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5 (March 3, 2020): 1622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051622.

Full text

Abstract:

This study investigated differences in the utilization of healthcare services between subjects with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and comparison subjects using data from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance population-based database, 138,493 patients with MVP (study group) and 138,493 matched patients without MVP (comparison group). We calculated the utilization of healthcare services in the year 2016 for each study sample. Patients with MVP had more outpatient cardiological services during the year (5.3 vs. 0.7, p < 0.001) and higher outpatient cardiology costs (US$226.0 vs. US$30.8, p < 0.001) than patients without MVP. As expected, patients with MVP had a longer inpatient stay (0.5 vs. 0.1, p < 0.001) and higher inpatients costs (US$158.0 vs. US$22.9, p < 0.001) than patients without MVP for cardiology services. Furthermore, patients with MVP also had more outpatient non-cardiology services (20.8 vs. 16.5, p < 0.001) and associated costs (US$708.3 vs. US$518.7, p < 0.001) than patients without MVP in the year 2016. Multiple regression analysis indicated that patients with MVP had higher total costs for all healthcare services than patients without MVP after adjusting for the urbanization level, monthly income, and geographic region. This study demonstrated that healthcare utilization by patients with MVP is substantially higher than comparison patients. Future studies are encouraged to explore MVP treatment with less expensive modalities while maintaining care quality and without jeopardizing patient outcomes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Wu, Xiaoping, Junyang Fang, Qiuping Huang, Xu Chen, Zhongyi Guo, Lingyujia Tian, Enmin Zhou, Jianxin Chen, Yang Mu, and Taofeng Du. "Major Vault Protein Inhibits Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection in CRL2843CD163 Cell Lines and Primary Porcine Alveolar Macrophages." Viruses 13, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): 2267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v13112267.

Full text

Abstract:

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), a significant viral infectious disease that commonly occurs among farmed pigs, leads to considerable economic losses to the swine industry worldwide. Major vault protein (MVP) is a host factor that induces type Ⅰ interferon (IFN) production. In this study, we evaluated the effect of MVP on PRRSV infection in CRL2843CD163 cell lines and porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Our results showed that MVP expression was downregulated by PRRSV infection. Adenoviral overexpression of MVP inhibited PRRSV replication, whereas the siRNA knockdown of MVP promoted PRRSV replication. In addition, MVP knockdown has an adverse effect on the inhibitive role of MVP overexpression on PRRSV replication. Moreover, MVP could induce the expression of type Ⅰ IFNs and IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) in PRRSV-infected PAMs. Based on these results, MVP may be a potential molecular target of drugs for the effective prevention and treatment of PRRSV infection.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Nugroho, Bayu Adi. "Dynamic risk-based optimization on cryptocurrencies." Journal of Capital Markets Studies 5, no. 1 (March 16, 2021): 28–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcms-01-2021-0002.

Full text

Abstract:

PurposeIt is crucial to find a better portfolio optimization strategy, considering the cryptocurrencies' asymmetric volatilities. Hence, this research aimed to present dynamic optimization on minimum variance (MVP), equal risk contribution (ERC) and most diversified portfolio (MDP).Design/methodology/approachThis study applied dynamic covariances from multivariate GARCH(1,1) with Student’s-t-distribution. This research also constructed static optimization from the conventional MVP, ERC and MDP as comparison. Moreover, the optimization involved transaction cost and out-of-sample analysis from the rolling windows method. The sample consisted of ten significant cryptocurrencies.FindingsDynamic optimization enhanced risk-adjusted return. Moreover, dynamic MDP and ERC could win the naïve strategy (1/N) under various estimation windows, and forecast lengths when the transaction cost ranging from 10 bps to 50 bps. The researcher also used another researcher's sample as a robustness test. Findings showed that dynamic optimization (MDP and ERC) outperformed the benchmark.Practical implicationsSophisticated investors may use the dynamic ERC and MDP to optimize cryptocurrencies portfolio.Originality/valueTo the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first paper that studies the dynamic optimization on MVP, ERC and MDP using DCC and ADCC-GARCH with multivariate-t-distribution and rolling windows method.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Theall, Michael. "MVP and Faculty Evaluation." New Directions for Teaching and Learning 2017, no. 152 (December 2017): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tl.20271.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Winkel, Doan, Justin Wilcox, and Atul Teckchandani. "The 60-Minute MVP." Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy 3, no. 4 (September 16, 2019): 371–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2515127419870293.

Full text

Abstract:

The 60-minute minimum viable product (MVP) exercise teaches critical aspects of the entrepreneurial mind-set and lean start-up methodology, namely, the iterative process of hypothesis testing through the creation of MVPs. In 60 minutes, with no prior technical expertise, students will work in teams to design a landing page, create a teaser video, and set up a way to gather information from prospective customers. The resulting low-fidelity MVP can subsequently be shared with prospective customers to gauge interest and be used as a starting point for the hypothesis testing process used in the lean start-up methodology. This is an immersive exercise that activates students, builds confidence, and teaches important entrepreneurial principles.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Toomer, Katelynn A., Mengyao Yu, Diana Fulmer, Lilong Guo, Kelsey S. Moore, Reece Moore, Ka’la D. Drayton, et al. "Primary cilia defects causing mitral valve prolapse." Science Translational Medicine 11, no. 493 (May 22, 2019): eaax0290. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aax0290.

Full text

Abstract:

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) affects 1 in 40 people and is the most common indication for mitral valve surgery. MVP can cause arrhythmias, heart failure, and sudden cardiac death, and to date, the causes of this disease are poorly understood. We now demonstrate that defects in primary cilia genes and their regulated pathways can cause MVP in familial and sporadic nonsyndromic MVP cases. Our expression studies and genetic ablation experiments confirmed a role for primary cilia in regulating ECM deposition during cardiac development. Loss of primary cilia during development resulted in progressive myxomatous degeneration and profound mitral valve pathology in the adult setting. Analysis of a large family with inherited, autosomal dominant nonsyndromic MVP identified a deleterious missense mutation in a cilia gene, DZIP1. A mouse model harboring this variant confirmed the pathogenicity of this mutation and revealed impaired ciliogenesis during development, which progressed to adult myxomatous valve disease and functional MVP. Relevance of primary cilia in common forms of MVP was tested using pathway enrichment in a large population of patients with MVP and controls from previously generated genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which confirmed the involvement of primary cilia genes in MVP. Together, our studies establish a developmental basis for MVP through altered cilia-dependent regulation of ECM and suggest that defects in primary cilia genes can be causative to disease phenotype in some patients with MVP.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Schueller, Amy M., and Daniel B. Hayes. "Minimum viable population size for lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) using an individual-based model of demographics and genetics." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 68, no. 1 (January 2011): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f10-129.

Full text

Abstract:

Population viability analysis is a useful tool to explore the relationship between extinction risk and population size, but often does not include genetic factors. Our objectives were to determine minimum viable population size (MVP) for lake sturgeon ( Acipenser fulvescens ) and examine how inbreeding depression may affect MVP. Our individual-based model incorporated inbreeding depression in two ways: individuals with inbreeding coefficients above a threshold experienced inbreeding depression (threshold), and individuals experienced inbreeding depression at a rate related to their inbreeding coefficient (gradual). Three mechanisms relating inbreeding to fitness were explored (young-of-the-year (YOY) viability, post-YOY viability, number of progeny). The criterion we used to determine MVP was a 5% chance of extinction over 250 years. The estimated MVP without inbreeding effects was 80 individuals. For some scenarios incorporating inbreeding, MVP did not change, but for others, MVP was substantially higher, reaching values up to 1800. Results demonstrate that extinction risk and MVP can be influenced by both demographic stochasticity and inbreeding depression. This research should inform management by determining MVP and how inbreeding, which is expected to accrue in remnant populations because of generations of low abundance, may affect MVP.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Songia, Paola, Mattia Chiesa, Valentina Alfieri, Ilaria Massaiu, Donato Moschetta, Veronika Myasoedova, Vincenza Valerio, et al. "Putative Circulating MicroRNAs Are Able to Identify Patients with Mitral Valve Prolapse and Severe Regurgitation." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 4 (February 20, 2021): 2102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22042102.

Full text

Abstract:

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) associated with severe mitral regurgitation is a debilitating disease with no pharmacological therapies available. MicroRNAs (miRNA) represent an emerging class of circulating biomarkers that have never been evaluated in MVP human plasma. Our aim was to identify a possible miRNA signature that is able to discriminate MVP patients from healthy subjects (CTRL) and to shed light on the putative altered molecular pathways in MVP. We evaluated a plasma miRNA profile using Human MicroRNA Card A followed by real-time PCR validations. In addition, to assess the discriminative power of selected miRNAs, we implemented a machine learning analysis. MiRNA profiling and validations revealed that miR-140-3p, 150-5p, 210-3p, 451a, and 487a-3p were significantly upregulated in MVP, while miR-223-3p, 323a-3p, 340-5p, and 361-5p were significantly downregulated in MVP compared to CTRL (p ≤ 0.01). Functional analysis identified several biological processes possible linked to MVP. In addition, machine learning analysis correctly classified MVP patients from CTRL with high accuracy (0.93) and an area under the receiving operator characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.97. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study performed on human plasma, showing a strong association between miRNAs and MVP. Thus, a circulating molecular signature could be used as a first-line, fast, and cheap screening tool for MVP identification.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Hashimoto, Ari, Tsukasa Oikawa, Shigeru Hashimoto, Hirokazu Sugino, Ayumu Yoshikawa, Yutaro Otsuka, Haruka Handa, et al. "P53- and mevalonate pathway–driven malignancies require Arf6 for metastasis and drug resistance." Journal of Cell Biology 213, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 81–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201510002.

Full text

Abstract:

Drug resistance, metastasis, and a mesenchymal transcriptional program are central features of aggressive breast tumors. The GTPase Arf6, often overexpressed in tumors, is critical to promote epithelial–mesenchymal transition and invasiveness. The metabolic mevalonate pathway (MVP) is associated with tumor invasiveness and known to prenylate proteins, but which prenylated proteins are critical for MVP-driven cancers is unknown. We show here that MVP requires the Arf6-dependent mesenchymal program. The MVP enzyme geranylgeranyl transferase II (GGT-II) and its substrate Rab11b are critical for Arf6 trafficking to the plasma membrane, where it is activated by receptor tyrosine kinases. Consistently, mutant p53, which is known to support tumorigenesis via MVP, promotes Arf6 activation via GGT-II and Rab11b. Inhibition of MVP and GGT-II blocked invasion and metastasis and reduced cancer cell resistance against chemotherapy agents, but only in cells overexpressing Arf6 and components of the mesenchymal program. Overexpression of Arf6 and mesenchymal proteins as well as enhanced MVP activity correlated with poor patient survival. These results provide insights into the molecular basis of MVP-driven malignancy.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Gonzalez, Efrain A., Claudia Pimentel, Ruby A. Natale, Benjamin A. Toll, Ariel Soffer, and Leonard Gralnik. "Psychiatric and medical co-morbidity in mitral valve prolapse." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 19, no. 1 (March 2002): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700006790.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractObjective: Significant controversy continues to exist in the empirical literature regarding the diagnosis and treatment of mitral valve prolapse (MVP). In addition, there is also inconsistency in the correlation of anxiety disorders as co-existing with MVP, as well as cause and effect issues in terms of the role of the autonomic nervous system, MVP and panic attacks. Recent studies suggest that the co-morbidity of an anxiety disorder and clinical depression appears to increase the likelihood of MVP in predisposed patients. The objective of this review was to examine, clarify, and further define the medical and psychiatric aspects of MVP.Methods: A literature review was conducted on empirical studies and reviews examining MVP.Results: It was found that although MVP is highly correlated with psychiatric disorders, the lack of adequate control groups and clear criteria for a diagnosis of MVP in most empirical studies examining these associations make it difficult to determine the relationship between MVP and psychiatric disorders.Conclusions: Suggestions for further research in the areas of depression and personality characteristics are offered. It is also suggested that the use of control groups from populations with cardiac disorders and a better definition of MVP will clarify many of the problems in empirical studies aiming to determine the relationship between MVP and psychiatric disorders.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Lima, Sarah M., Antonios A. Pitsis, Timotheos G. Kelpis, Mohamed H. Shahin, Taimour Y. Langaee, Larisa H. Cavallari, Efstratios K. Theofilogiannakos, Harisios Boudoulas, and Konstantinos Dean Boudoulas. "Matrix Metalloproteinase Polymorphisms in Patients with Floppy Mitral Valve/Mitral Valve Prolapse (FMV/MVP) and FMV/MVP Syndrome." Cardiology 138, no. 3 (2017): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000477656.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: It has been suggested that collagen abnormalities of the mitral valve are present in patients with floppy mitral valve (FMV)/mitral valve prolapse (MVP). Genetic factors determining collagen synthesis and degradation have not been well defined in these patients. This study was undertaken to determine whether selective polymorphisms of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2) or transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ), with known or putative effects on collagen turnover, are more frequent in FMV/MVP. Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in select genes related to collagen turnover, including MMP2 rs2285053, MMP2 rs243865, TGFβ1 rs1800469, and TGFβ2 rs900, were determined in 98 patients with FMV/MVP who had severe mitral regurgitation and compared to 99 controls. Results:MMP2 rs243865 was the only SNP significantly associated with FMV/MVP as compared to the control (odds ratio 2.07, 95% CI 1.23-3.50, p = 0.006). MMP2 rs228503 was the only SNP significantly associated with the FMV/MVP syndrome as compared to patients with FMV/MVP without the syndrome (odds ratio 2.41, 95% CI 1.08-5.40, p = 0.032). Conclusion: The frequency of certain MMP2 polymorphisms is higher in patients with the FMV/MVP syndrome and patients with FMV/MVP without the syndrome. The data suggest that a genetic predisposition that alters collagen turnover may play a role in the pathogenesis and development of FMV/MVP.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Tamborini, Gloria, Valentina Mantegazza, Marco Penso, Manuela Muratori, Laura Fusini, Sarah Ghulam Ali, Claudia Cefalù, et al. "Predictive Value of Pre-Operative 2D and 3D Transthoracic Echocardiography in Patients Undergoing Mitral Valve Repair: Long Term Follow Up of Mitral Valve Regurgitation Recurrence and Heart Chamber Remodeling." Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease 7, no. 4 (October 20, 2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcdd7040046.

Full text

Abstract:

The “ideal” management of asymptomatic severe mitral regurgitation (MR) in valve prolapse (MVP) is still debated. The aims of this study were to identify pre-operatory parameters predictive of residual MR and of early and long-term favorable remodeling after MVP repair. We included 295 patients who underwent MV repair for MVP with pre-operatory two- and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2DTTE and 3DTTE) and 6-months (6M) and 3-years (3Y) follow-up 2DTTE. MVP was classified by 3DTTE as simple or complex and surgical procedures as simple or complex. Pre-operative echo parameters were compared to post-operative values at 6M and 3Y. Patients were divided into Group 1 (6M-MR < 2) and Group 2 (6M-MR ≥ 2), and predictors of MR ≥ 2 were investigated. MVP was simple in 178/295 pts, and 94% underwent simple procedures, while in only 42/117 (36%) of complex MVP a simple procedure was performed. A significant relation among prolapse anatomy, surgical procedures and residual MR was found. Post-operative MR ≥ 2 was present in 9.8%: complex MVP undergoing complex procedures had twice the percentage of MR ≥ 2 vs. simple MVP and simple procedures. MVP complexity resulted independent predictor of 6M-MR ≥ 2. Favorable cardiac remodeling, initially found in all cases, was maintained only in MR < 2 at 3Y. Pre-operative 3DTTE MVP morphology identifies pts undergoing simple or complex procedures predicting MR recurrence and favorable cardiac remodeling.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Rebischung, J. L., J. M. Vannetzel, J. Sauvaget, E. Leroy-Terquem, A. Le Roll, D. Vetillard, and R. Pariente. "MVP versus (vs) MVP plus chemo-radiotherapy in stage III NSCLC: Preliminary results." European Journal of Cancer 33 (September 1997): S235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-8049(97)85858-3.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Kalkan Akcay, Emine, Murat Akcay, Betul Seher Uysal, Pinar Kosekahya, Abdullah Nabi Aslan, Mehtap Caglayan, Cemal Koseoglu, Fatma Yulek, and Nurullah Cagil. "Impaired Corneal Biomechanical Properties and the Prevalence of Keratoconus in Mitral Valve Prolapse." Journal of Ophthalmology 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/402193.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective. To investigate the biomechanical characteristics of the cornea in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and the prevalence of keratoconus (KC) in MVP.Materials and Methods. Fifty-two patients with MVP, 39 patients with KC, and 45 control individuals were recruited in this study. All the participants underwent ophthalmologic examination, corneal analysis with the Sirius system (CSO), and the corneal biomechanical evaluation with Reichert ocular response analyzer (ORA).Results. KC was found in six eyes of four patients (5.7%) and suspect KC in eight eyes of five patients (7.7%) in the MVP group. KC was found in one eye of one patient (1.1%) in the control group (P=0.035). A significant difference occurred in the mean CH and CRF between the MVP and control groups (P=0.006andP=0.009, resp.). All corneal biomechanical and topographical parameters except IOPcc were significantly different between the KC-MVP groups (P<0.05).Conclusions. KC prevalence is higher than control individuals in MVP patients and the biomechanical properties of the cornea are altered in patients with MVP. These findings should be considered when the MVP patients are evaluated before refractive surgery.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Le Tourneau, Thierry, Jean Mérot, Antoine Rimbert, Solena Le Scouarnec, Vincent Probst, Hervé Le Marec, Robert A. Levine, and Jean-Jacques Schott. "Genetics of syndromic and non-syndromic mitral valve prolapse." Heart 104, no. 12 (January 19, 2018): 978–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2017-312420.

Full text

Abstract:

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is a common condition that affects 2%–3% of the general population. MVP is thought to include syndromic forms such as Marfan syndrome and non-syndromic MVP, which is the most frequent form. Myxomatous degeneration and fibroelastic deficiency (FED) are regarded as two different forms of non-syndromic MVP. While FED is still considered a degenerative disease associated with ageing, frequent familial clustering has been demonstrated for myxomatous MVP. Familial and genetic studies led to the recognition of reduced penetrance and large phenotypic variability, and to the identification of prodromal or atypical forms as a part of the complex spectrum of the disease. Whereas autosomal dominant mode is the common inheritance pattern, an X linked form of non-syndromic MVP was recognised initially, related to Filamin-A gene, encoding for a cytoskeleton protein involved in mechanotransduction. This identification allowed a comprehensive description of a new subtype of MVP with a unique association of leaflet prolapse and paradoxical restricted motion in diastole. In autosomal dominant forms, three loci have been mapped to chromosomes 16p11-p12, 11p15.4 and 13q31-32. Although deciphering the underlying genetic defects is still a work in progress, DCHS1 mutations have been identified (11p15.4) in typical myxomatous disease, highlighting new molecular pathways and pathophysiological mechanisms leading to the development of MVP. Finally, a large international genome-wide association study demonstrated the implication of frequent variants in MVP development and opened new directions for future research. Hence, this review focuses on phenotypic, genetic and pathophysiological aspects of MVP.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Yamashita, Shinji, Hideo Takeshima, Takashi Watanabe, and Kiyotaka Yokogami. "ANGI-05. ORIGIN OF MICROVASCULAR PROLIFERATION IN PILOCYTIC ASTROCYTOMA - MVP IN PILOCYTIC ASTROCYTOMA MIGHT PARTIALLY COMPRISE TUMOR-DERIVED CELLS." Neuro-Oncology 21, Supplement_6 (November 2019): vi31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noz175.116.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Microvascular proliferation (MVP), an aberrant vascular structure containing multilayered mitotically active endothelial- and smooth-muscle cells/pericytes, is a histopathological hallmark of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Although MVP tends to be associated with high-grade glioma, it has also been detected in WHO grade I pilocytic astrocytoma (PA). However, little is known about the mechanism underlying its formation. Using TP53 point mutations as a marker for tumor-derived cells, we earlier reported that MVP was partially converted from tumor cells via mesenchymal transition. In the current study we used the KIAA1549-BRAF fusion gene as a marker to assess whether MVP in PA contained tumor-derived cells. cDNA synthesized from frozen tissue of six PA patients operated at our institute was analyzed to detect the KIAA1549-BRAF fusion gene by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay. The breakpoint in the fusion gene was characterized by long and accurate PCR (LA-PCR) and Sanger sequencing of genomic DNA. Distinct tumor cells and cellular components of MVP were obtained by laser microdissection. For the qualitative and quantitative detection of the KIAA1549-BRAF fusion gene we performed genomic and digital PCR assays. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to assess gene fusion in cellular components of MVP. Samples from three PA patients harbored the KIAA1549 exon 15, BRAF exon 9 fusion gene. In two patient samples with abundant MVP, RT-PCR assay detected strong bands arising from the KIAA1549-BRAF fusion gene in both tumor cells and cellular components of MVP. Digital PCR showed that vis-à-vis tumor tissue, its relative expression in cellular components of MVP was 42% in one- and 76% in another sample. FISH revealed amplified signals in both tumor cells and cellular components of MVP indicative of tandem duplication. Our findings suggest that in patients with PA, some cellular components of MVP may be tumor-derived.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Ermakov, Simon, Radhika Gulhar, Lisa Lim, Dwight Bibby, Qizhi Fang, Gregory Nah, Theodore P. Abraham, Nelson B. Schiller, and Francesca N. Delling. "Left ventricular mechanical dispersion predicts arrhythmic risk in mitral valve prolapse." Heart 105, no. 14 (February 12, 2019): 1063–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/heartjnl-2018-314269.

Full text

Abstract:

ObjectiveBileaflet mitral valve prolapse (MVP) with either focal or diffuse myocardial fibrosis has been linked to ventricular arrhythmia and/or sudden cardiac arrest. Left ventricular (LV) mechanical dispersion by speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) is a measure of heterogeneity of ventricular contraction previously associated with myocardial fibrosis. The aim of this study is to determine whether mechanical dispersion can identify MVP at higher arrhythmic risk.MethodsWe identified 32 consecutive arrhythmic MVPs (A-MVP) with a history of complex ventricular ectopy on Holter/event monitor (n=23) or defibrillator placement (n=9) along with 27 MVPs without arrhythmic complications (NA-MVP) and 39 controls. STE was performed to calculate global longitudinal strain (GLS) as the average peak longitudinal strain from an 18-segment LV model and mechanical dispersion as the SD of the time to peak strain of each segment.ResultsMVPs had significantly higher mechanical dispersion compared with controls (52 vs 42 ms, p=0.005) despite similar LV ejection fraction (62% vs 63%, p=0.42) and GLS (−19.7 vs −21, p=0.045). A-MVP and NA-MVP had similar demographics, LV ejection fraction and GLS (all p>0.05). A-MVP had more bileaflet prolapse (69% vs 44%, p=0.031) with a similar degree of mitral regurgitation (mostly trace or mild in both groups) (p>0.05). A-MVP exhibited greater mechanical dispersion when compared with NA-MVP (59 vs 43 ms, p=0.0002). Mechanical dispersion was the only significant predictor of arrhythmic risk on multivariate analysis (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.11, p=0.006).ConclusionsSTE-derived mechanical dispersion may help identify MVP patients at higher arrhythmic risk.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Froom, P., T. Margulis, E. Grenadier, A. Palant, M. David, and E. Aghai. "Von Willebrand Factor and Mitral Valve Prolapse." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 60, no. 02 (1988): 230–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1647035.

Full text

Abstract:

SummaryThe levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF: Ag) were measured in 27 patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and compared to 27 age matched controls. Decreased levels of vWF:Ag (<80%) were found in 59% (16/27) of those with MVP compared to only 7% (2/27) of the controls (p <0.001). Mean vWF: Ag levels were also significantly lower in those with MVP (68 ± 30% versus 100 ± 23%, p <0.001). In those with MVP and congestive heart failure secondary to ruptured chordae tendineae, however, the mean level of vWF:Ag was not significantly different from control values (95 ± 32). There was an increased incidence of recurrent nose bleeds in those with MVP and low levels of vWF: Ag. We conclude that there is a relationship between MVP and low levels of vWF:Ag which may explain the increased incidence of epistaxis in such patients. Increased release of vWF: Ag in those with MVP and concomitant congestive heart failure may account for the normal levels found in this subgroup.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Pietras, Paulina, Marta Leśniczak-Staszak, Aldona Kasprzak, Małgorzata Andrzejewska, Karol Jopek, Mateusz Sowiński, Marcin Rucinski, Shawn M. Lyons, Pavel Ivanov, and Witold Szaflarski. "MVP Expression Facilitates Tumor Cell Proliferation and Migration Supporting the Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 22 (November 9, 2021): 12121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222212121.

Full text

Abstract:

Cancer cells show significant dysregulation of genes expression, which may favor their survival in the tumor environment. In this study, the cellular vault’s components MVP (major vault protein), TEP1 (telomerase-associated protein 1) and vPARP (vault poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase) were transiently or completely inhibited in U2OS cells (human bone osteosarcoma epithelial cells) to evaluate their impact on the cell proliferative and migratory capacity as well as on the development of their resistance to the drug vinorelbine. Comparative analysis of MVP protein expression level in normal colon tissue, primary colorectal tumor, and metastasis showed that the expression of this protein does not increase significantly in the primary tumor, but its expression increases in metastatic cells. Further comparative molecular analysis using the whole transcriptome microarrays for MVP-positive and MVP-negative cells showed that MVP is involved in regulating proliferation and migration of cancer cells. MVP may facilitate metastasis of colon cancer due to its impact on cell migration. Moreover, two vault proteins, MVP and TEP1, contribute the resistance to vinorelbine, while vPARP does not.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Vergara, Pasquale, Savino Altizio, Giulio Falasconi, Luigi Pannone, Simone Gulletta, and Paolo Della Bella. "Electrophysiological Substrate in Patients with Barlow’s Disease." Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review 10, no. 1 (April 12, 2021): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15420/aer.2020.29.

Full text

Abstract:

Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common valvular heart disease, affecting 2–3% of the general population. Barlow’s disease is a clinical syndrome characterised by MVP. Initially thought a benign condition, MVP is now recognised as a cause of sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias. The development of new imaging techniques has contributed recently to the identification of novel risk factors. Catheter ablation of ventricular arrhythmias in patients affected by MVP is traditionally considered challenging. In this review, the authors summarise the evidence on arrhythmogenesis in the context of MVP, along with risk stratification of sudden cardiac death and the available treatment options, including new catheter ablation techniques.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Thyagarajan, Anita, Sayali Kadam, Langni Liu, Lisa Kelly, Christine Rapp, Yanfang Chen, and Ravi Sahu. "Gemcitabine Induces Microvesicle Particle Release in a Platelet-Activating Factor-Receptor-Dependent Manner via Modulation of the MAPK Pathway in Pancreatic Cancer Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20010032.

Full text

Abstract:

Studies, including ours, have shown that pro-oxidative stressors, such as chemotherapeutic agents, generate oxidized lipids with agonistic platelet-activating factor (PAF) activity. Importantly, recent reports have implicated that these PAF-agonists are transported extracellularly via microvesicle particles (MVPs). While the role of PAF-receptor (PAF-R) has been implicated in mediating chemotherapy effects, its significance in chemotherapy-mediated MVP release in pancreatic cancer has not been studied. The current studies determined the functional significance of PAF-R in gemcitabine chemotherapy-mediated MVP release in human pancreatic cancer cells. Using PAF-R-expressing (PANC-1) and PAF-R-deficient (Hs766T) cells, we demonstrate that gemcitabine induces MVP release in a PAF-R-dependent manner. Blocking of PAF-R via PAF-R antagonist or inhibition of MVP generation via inhibitor of acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) enzyme, significantly attenuated gemcitabine-mediated MVP release from PANC-1 cells, however, exerted no effects in Hs766T cells. Notably, MVPs from gemcitabine-treated PANC-1 cells, contained a measurable amount of PAF-agonists. Mechanistically, pretreatment with ERK1/2 or p38 inhibitors significantly abrogated gemcitabine-mediated MVP release, indicating the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in PAF-R-dependent gemcitabine-mediated MVP release. These findings demonstrate the significance of PAF-R in gemcitabine-mediated MVP release, as well as the rationale of evaluating PAF-R targeting agents with gemcitabine against pancreatic cancer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Sutovsky, Peter, Gaurishankar Manandhar, Jozef Laurincik, Juraj Letko, Jose Nestor Caamaño, Billy N. Day, Liangxue Lai, et al. "Expression and proteasomal degradation of the major vault protein (MVP) in mammalian oocytes and zygotes." Reproduction 129, no. 3 (March 2005): 269–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep.1.00291.

Full text

Abstract:

Major vault protein (MVP), also called lung resistance-related protein is a ribonucleoprotein comprising a major part (>70%) of the vault particle. The function of vault particle is not known, although it appears to be involved in multi-drug resistance and cellular signaling. Here we show that MVP is expressed in mammalian, porcine, and human ova and in the porcine preimplantation embryo. MVP was identified by matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization-time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) peptide sequencing and Western blotting as a protein accumulating in porcine zygotes cultured in the presence of specific proteasomal inhibitor MG132. MVP also accumulated in poor-quality human oocytes donated by infertile couples and porcine embryos that failed to develop normally afterin vitrofertilization or somatic cell nuclear transfer. Normal porcine oocytes and embryos at various stages of preimplantation development showed mostly cytoplasmic labeling, with increased accumulation of vault particles around large cytoplasmic lipid inclusions and membrane vesicles. Occasionally, MVP was associated with the nuclear envelope and nucleolus precursor bodies. Nucleotide sequences with a high degree of homology to human MVP gene sequence were identified in porcine oocyte and endometrial cell cDNA libraries. We interpret these data as the evidence for the expression and ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent turnover of MVP in the mammalian ovum. Similar to carcinoma cells, MVP could fulfill a cell-protecting function during early embryonic development.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Yamashita, Shinji, Hideo Takeshima, Kiyotaka Saito, Takashi Watanabe, Hajime Ohta, and Kiyotaka Yokogami. "LGG-54. DETECTION OF THE KIAA1549-BRAF FUSION GENE IN CELLS FORMING MICROVASCULAR PROLIFERATIONS IN PILOCYTIC ASTROCYTOMA." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_3 (December 1, 2020): iii376—iii377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa222.432.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Microvascular proliferation (MVP), an aberrant vascular structure is a histopathological hallmark of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Although MVP tends to be associated with high-grade glioma, it has also been detected in WHO grade I pilocytic astrocytoma (PA). However, little is known about the mechanism underlying its formation. Using TP53 point mutations as a marker for tumor-derived cells, we earlier reported that MVP was partially converted from tumor cells via mesenchymal transition. In the current study we used the KIAA1549-BRAF fusion gene as a marker to assess whether MVPs in PA contained tumor-derived cells and/or phenotypically distinct tumor cells expressing vascular markers. Samples from three PA patients harbored the KIAA1549 exon 15, BRAF exon 9 fusion gene. In two patient samples with abundant MVP, RT-PCR assay detected strong bands arising from the KIAA1549-BRAF fusion gene in both tumor cells and cellular components of MVP. Digital PCR showed that vis-à-vis tumor tissue, its relative expression in cellular components of MVP was 42% in one- and 76% in another sample. FISH revealed amplified signals in both tumor cells and cellular components of MVP indicative of tandem duplication. Our findings suggest that in patients with PA, some cellular components of MVP contained tumor derived cell and/or phenotypically distinct tumor cells expressing vascular markers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Siordia, Juan A., and Jimena C. Franco. "The Association Between Keratoconus and Mitral Valve Prolapse: A Meta-Analysis." Current Cardiology Reviews 16, no. 2 (May 19, 2020): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573403x15666191129100928.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: The debate pertaining to the association between Keratoconus (KC) and Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) continues to occur among physicians. The results of cross-sectional studies attempting to present the co-existing prevalence of these two diseases remain indeterminate. We compiled the first meta-analysis to determine the pattern of prevalence between the two diseases. Methods: Two separate literature searches for cross-sectional studies were performed for this metaanalysis. The first search encompassed finding literature comparing the prevalence of KC between patients with MVP and a control group. The second search pertained to finding studies comparing the prevalence of MVP patients with KC and a control group. Results: Six studies reported the prevalence of MVP in patients with KC and a control group. The prevalence was 41.6% in patients with KC and 11.5% in patients without KC (OR = 7.06 [95% CI = 2.41-20.64]). There was a significant heterogeneity among the studies (I2 = 84%). Two studies showed the prevalence of KC in patients with MVP and a control group. The prevalence was 17.0% in patients with KC and 2.9% in the control group (OR = 5.07 [95% CI = 1.08-23.83]). There was no heterogeneity within the analysis (I2 = 0%). Conclusion: There is a statistically significant co-existing prevalence between MVP and KC. Patients with KC are more likely to present with MVP, and patients with MVP are more likely to present with KC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Zhang, Dongrong. "Shape and scaling of the mean-velocity profile in thermally-stratified plane-Couette flows." Fluid Dynamics Research 53, no. 6 (December 1, 2021): 065507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1873-7005/ac451a.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract It has long been known from measurements that buoyant motions cause the mean-velocity profile (MVP) in thermally-stratified, wall-bounded turbulent flows to significantly deviate from its constant-density counterpart. Theoretical analysis has restricted attention to an ‘intermediate layer’ of the MVP, akin to the celebrated ‘log layer’ in the constant-density case. Here, for thermally-stratified plane-Couette flows, we study the shape and scaling of the whole MVP. We elucidate the mechanisms that dictate the shape of the MVP by using the framework of the spectral link (Gioia et al 2010 Phys. Rev. Lett. 105 184501), and obtain scaling laws for the whole MVP by generalizing the Monin-Obukhov similarity theory.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Short, Ben. "Arf6 wins the MVP award." Journal of Cell Biology 213, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.2131if.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Thompson, Mark C., and Bonita S. Thompson. "How to Become an MVP." Leader to Leader 2013, no. 68 (March 2013): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ltl.20071.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Thamman, Ritu. "A New Malignant MVP Phenotype?" JACC: Case Reports 3, no. 2 (February 2021): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.12.019.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Rayo, Josep, Rachel Gregor, Nicholas T. Jacob, Rambabu Dandela, Luba Dubinsky, Alex Yashkin, Alexander Aranovich, et al. "Immunoediting role for major vault protein in apoptotic signaling induced by bacterial N-acyl homoserine lactones." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, no. 12 (March 15, 2021): e2012529118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2012529118.

Full text

Abstract:

The major vault protein (MVP) mediates diverse cellular responses, including cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy and protection against inflammatory responses to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Here, we report the use of photoactive probes to identify MVP as a target of the N-(3-oxo-dodecanoyl) homoserine lactone (C12), a quorum sensing signal of certain proteobacteria including P. aeruginosa. A treatment of normal and cancer cells with C12 or other N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) results in rapid translocation of MVP into lipid raft (LR) membrane fractions. Like AHLs, inflammatory stimuli also induce LR-localization of MVP, but the C12 stimulation reprograms (functionalizes) bioactivity of the plasma membrane by recruiting death receptors, their apoptotic adaptors, and caspase-8 into LR. These functionalized membranes control AHL-induced signaling processes, in that MVP adjusts the protein kinase p38 pathway to attenuate programmed cell death. Since MVP is the structural core of large particles termed vaults, our findings suggest a mechanism in which MVP vaults act as sentinels that fine-tune inflammation-activated processes such as apoptotic signaling mediated by immunosurveillance cytokines including tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

El-Sisi, Amal, Shaheen Dabour, Aya M. Fattouh, Effat Assar, Rasha Naguib, and Antoine Fakhry AbdelMassih. "Biventricular reverse remodeling and relationship with mitralvalve prolapse after transcatheter closure of ASD secundum, a 3Dechocardiographic study." Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research 12, no. 1 (December 23, 2019): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/jcvtr.2020.03.

Full text

Abstract:

Introduction: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is the most common anomaly of the mitral valve. Several studies have shown prevalence of MVP in atrial septal defect (ASD) especially secundum types (II). The aims of this study is to show the potential role of 3D echocardiography in improving the diagnosis of MVP and to depict the relationship between reverse remodeling of the right and left ventricles (RV, LV) and MVP after transcatheter closure of ASD II. <br /> Methods: Sixty patients underwent transcatheter closure of ASD II and completed follow up by 2D and 3D echocardiography in Cairo University Children Hospital before the procedure and at 24 hours, 1 and 6 months after the procedure.<br /> Results: 3D echocardiography was more accurate than 2D echocardiography in detecting MVP frequency in ASD II patients (75% vs. 50%). Maximum statistically significant remodeling was detected by 3D echocardiography 1 month after the procedure (RV: LV ratio by 3D echocardiography 1.9±0.03 24 hours after the procedure vs. 1.6±0.03 1 months after the procedure, P <0.01) while 2D echocardiography was delayed in detecting biventricular reverse remodeling. 3D derived RV: LV ratio was accurate in detecting MVP status with a sensitivity of 88%.<br /> Conclusion: MVP in ASD II may be related to Biventricular remodeling; 3D echocardiography is accurate in the detection of reverse remodeling as well as MVP in ASD II patients before and after device closure.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Hei, Soshi, Mai Iwataki, Jeong-Yoon Jang, Hiroshi Kuwaki, Keitaro Mahara, Shota Fukuda, Yun-Jeong Kim, et al. "Possible mechanism of late systolic mitral valve prolapse: systolic superior shift of leaflets secondary to annular dilatation that causes papillary muscle traction." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 316, no. 3 (March 1, 2019): H629—H638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00618.2018.

Full text

Abstract:

Progressive superior shift of the mitral valve (MV) during systole is associated with abnormal papillary muscle (PM) superior shift in late systolic MV prolapse (MVP). The causal relation of these superior shifts remains unclarified. We hypothesized that the MV superior shift is related to augmented MV superiorly pushing force by systolic left ventricular pressure due to MV annular dilatation, which can be corrected by surgical MV plasty, leading to postoperative disappearance of these superior shifts. In 35 controls, 28 patients with holosystolic MVP, and 28 patients with late systolic MVP, the MV coaptation depth from the MV annulus was measured at early and late systole by two-dimensional echocardiography. The PM tip superior shift was monitored by echocardiographic speckle tracking. MV superiorly pushing force was obtained as MV annular area × (systolic blood pressure − 10). Measurements were repeated after MV plasty in 14 patients with late systolic MVP. Compared with controls and patients with holosystolic MVP, MV and PM superior shifts and MV superiorly pushing force were greater in patients with late systolic MVP [1.3 (0.5) vs. 0.9 (0.6) vs. 3.9 (1.0) mm/m2, 1.3 (0.5) vs. 1.2 (1.0) vs. 3.3 (1.3) mm/m2, and 487 (90) vs. 606 (167) vs. 742 (177) mmHg·cm2·m−2, respectively, means (SD), P < 0.001]. MV superior shift was correlated with PM superior shift ( P < 0.001), which was further related to augmented MV superiorly pushing force ( P < 0.001). MV and PM superior shift disappeared after surgical MV plasty for late systolic MVP. These data suggest that MV annulus dilatation augmenting MV superiorly pushing force may promote secondary superior shift of the MV (equal to late systolic MVP) that causes subvalvular PM traction in patients with late systolic MVP. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Late systolic mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is associated with mitral valve (MV) and papillary muscle (PM) abnormal superior shifts during systole, but the causal relation remains unclarified. MV and PM superior shifts were correlated with augmented MV superiorly pushing force by annular dilatation and disappeared after surgical MV plasty with annulus size and MV superiorly pushing force reduction. This suggests that MV annulus dilatation may promote secondary superior shifts of the MV (late systolic MVP) that cause subvalvular PM traction.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Isomoto, Hajime, Ryohei Uehara, Tomayoshi Hayashi, Junya Shiota, Kayoko Matsushima, Chun Chuan Chen, Fuminao Takeshima, Toshiyuki Nakayama, and Kazuhiko Nakao. "Magnifying Endoscopic Findings Can Predict Clinical Outcome during Long-Term Follow-Up of More Than 12 Months in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/671576.

Full text

Abstract:

Background and Aims. To explore the association of magnifying endoscopic (ME) findings with histopathology and relapse in ulcerative colitis (UC).Methods. Forty-six patients with UC underwent ME with narrow band imaging (NBI) and crystal violet staining and were followed for more than 12 months. ME findings with vital staining were classified into ME-A, regular arrangement of round to oval pits; ME-B, irregular arrangement with/without enlarged spaces between even pits; ME-C, irregular pits in size and shape with more irregular arrangement of pits; and ME-D, disrupted or disappeared pits. NBI-guided ME features of microvascular pattern (MVP) were divided into the MVP-regular and MVP-irregular type.Results. There were 5, 24, 10, and 7 cases of ME-A, ME-B, ME-C, and ME-D grade, respectively, while there were 21 and 25 of MVP-regular and MVP-irregular type, respectively. ME classifications were significantly associated with Matts endoscopic grade. ME classifications and MVP types were significantly associated with each pathognomonic microscopic feature of severe mucosal inflammation, crypt abscess, and goblet cell depletion. There were significant differences in the percentages of remission among ME classifications and between MVP types.Conclusion. ME findings can be predictive of relapse in UC and reliable forin vivohistopathological assessment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Palencia, Jorge Y. P., Clayton S. Chastain, Alan W. Duttlinger, Kayla M. Mills, Julie A. Feldpausch, Dan B. Jones, Matthew D. Asmus, and Brian T. Richert. "PSVII-15 The effects of feeding a fortified protein blend as a replacement for animal and fish proteins in nursery pig diets." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_2 (July 2019): 218–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz122.385.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of total or partial replacement of animal and fish proteins with a fortified protein blend (PROPLEX MVP) on growth performance of nursery piglets. PROPLEX MVP is a blend of two distinct fermentation biomass streams, refined soybean products, select amino acids, and a NSP enzyme complex. A total of 306 barrows and gilts [(Duroc x (Landrace x Yorkshire), avg. 22 d age and BW 6.37 ± 1.24 kg)] were used in a randomized complete block design with three dietary treatments, each with 19 replicates (pens) of 5 piglets. Dietary treatments were: 1) Control diet (CONT) with animal and fish protein sources (Blood meal, Spray-dried Plasma, and Fish meal); 2) PROPLEX MVP (MVP): CONT with MVP replacing Fish meal; 3) PROPLEX MVP 100 (MVP100): CONT with MVP replacing 100% of animal and fish proteins. Pigs were fed a budgeted amount per head of the assigned experimental diets for the first three feeding phases (Phase 1: 2.3 kg/pig; Phase 2: 4.5 kg/pig; Phase 3: 6.8 kg/pig). A common diet was provided in Phase 4 until day 42 post-weaning. Pigs fed CONT had greater ADG (P < 0.05) compared to MVP100 pigs d 0-7 post-weaning. From d 7 to 14, pigs fed MVP and MVP100 had a significantly greater ADG and G:F (P < 0.05) than pigs fed CONT diet. For the remainder of the experimental period (d 14 to 42), no differences (P > 0.10) were observed among treatments. The use of MVP100 reduced (P < 0.05) the total nursery feed cost by US $1.03/pig and feed cost/kg of weight gain by 12%. In conclusion, MVP protein blend can effectively substitute for animal and fish proteins sources without compromising overall nursery pigs’ growth performance and results in significant feed cost savings.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Matsumura, Shinya, Osamu Dohi, Nobuhisa Yamada, Akihito Harusato, Takeshi Yasuda, Takuma Yoshida, Tsugitaka Ishida, et al. "Improved Visibility of Early Gastric Cancer after Successful Helicobacter pylori Eradication with Image-Enhanced Endoscopy: A Multi-Institutional Study Using Video Clips." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 16 (August 18, 2021): 3649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10163649.

Full text

Abstract:

The visibility and diagnostic accuracy of early gastric cancer (EGC) after Helicobacter pylori (HP) eradication have been reported to improve using image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) compared with white light imaging (WLI). The present study clarified the appropriate IEE for the detection and diagnosis of EGC in clinical settings. This prospective and cross-sectional study evaluated the visibility of EGC and endoscopic findings of gastric mucosa after successful HP eradication (n = 31) using videos with WLI and IEE. Three endoscopists evaluated high-definition videos in a randomized order. The mean visibility scores (MVSs) on linked color imaging (LCI) for atrophic border, intestinal metaplasia, map-like redness, and EGC were the highest among each modality (3.87 ± 0.34, 3.82 ± 0.49, 3.87 ± 0.50, and 3.35 ± 0.92, respectively). The MVSs with blue laser imaging (BLI) were highest for magnifying view of the demarcation line (DL), microsurface pattern (MSP), and microvascular pattern (MVP) for EGC (3.77 ± 0.49, 3.94 ± 0.25, and 3.92 ± 0.34, respectively). LCI had the highest visibility among findings of gastric mucosa and EGC after HP eradication, and BLI had the highest visibility of MVP, MSP, and DL in magnifying observation. These results suggest that LCI observation in the entire stomach and further magnifying BLI are the best methods for detecting and diagnosing EGCs after HP eradication, respectively.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Yoshifuku, Yoshikazu, Yoji Sanomura, Shiro Oka, Kazutaka Kuroki, Mio Kurihara, Takeshi Mizumoto, Yuji Urabe, Toru Hiyama, Shinji Tanaka, and Kazuaki Chayama. "Clinical Usefulness of the VS Classification System Using Magnifying Endoscopy with Blue Laser Imaging for Early Gastric Cancer." Gastroenterology Research and Practice 2017 (2017): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3649705.

Full text

Abstract:

Background. Blue laser imaging (BLI) enables the acquisition of more information from tumors’ surfaces compared with white light imaging. Few reports confirm the validity of magnifying endoscopy (ME) with BLI (ME-BLI) for early gastric cancer (EGC). We aimed to assess the detailed endoscopic findings from EGCs using ME-BLI. Methods. We enrolled 386 consecutive patients with 417 EGCs that were diagnosed using ME-BLI and resected by endoscopic submucosal dissection. Using the VS classification system, three highly experienced endoscopists (HEEs) and three less experienced endoscopists (LEEs) evaluated the demarcation line (DL), microsurface pattern (MSP), and microvascular pattern (MVP) within the endoscopic images of EGCs obtained using ME-BLI, assigning high-confidence (HC) or low-confidence (LC) levels. We investigated the clinicopathological features associated with each confidence level. Results. The HEEs’ evaluations determined the presence of DL in 99%, irregular MSP in 96%, and irregular MVP in 96%, and the LEEs’ evaluations determined the presence of DL in 98%, irregular MSP in 95%, and irregular MVP in 95% of the EGCs. When DL was present, HC levels in the Helicobacter pylori- (H. pylori-) eradicated group and noneradicated group were evident in 65% and 89%, a difference that was significant (p<0.001). Conclusions. In the diagnosis of EGC with ME-BLI, the VS classification system with ME-NBI can be applied, but identifying the DL after H. pylori was difficult.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Jardinet, Thomas, Lawrence Bonne, Raymond Oyen, and Geert Maleux. "Initial Experience With the Microvascular Plug in Selective Renal Artery Embolization." Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 54, no. 3 (January 13, 2020): 240–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538574419897500.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the microvascular plug (MVP) for selective renal artery embolization. Methods: Retrospective review was performed on a cohort of 6 patients undergoing renal artery embolization using the MVP between July 2015 and August 2018. Patients’ demographics, indication for embolization, technical details of the embolization procedure, and clinical events were gathered from the patients’ electronic medical records. Results: The patients underwent selective renal artery embolization with a MVP for iatrogenic vascular injuries (n = 3), traumatic vascular injuries (n = 2), and for elective embolization of an angiomyolipoma (n = 1), in native kidneys (n = 4) or in renal allografts (n = 2). Immediate occlusion of the feeding artery was achieved with 1 MVP device in 4 patients. In 1 patient, a second MVP was needed, and in another patient, additional 0.018-inch microcoils were used to completely occlude the injured artery. Technical success was achieved in all patients. The volume of the resulting renal infarction was estimated less than 5% of the renal volume. No other procedure-related complications occurred. Conclusion: The MVP is a safe and effective device allowing superselective renal artery embolization. Therefore, we recommend the MVP as a valuable embolic in superselective renal artery embolization. Additionally, a single device is sufficient in most cases, potentially reducing the cost, duration, and radiation exposure of the procedure.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Tewolde, Furtuna G., Adrian Svingos, Nicole Norheim, Elise Turner, Laura Jones, and Shelley G. Heaton. "A-39 New Cut-Score to Improve Performance of the Memory Validity Profile (MVP) in Heterogenous Clinical Populations." Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology 36, no. 6 (August 30, 2021): 1080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/arclin/acab062.57.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective The Memory Validity Profile (MVP) is a standalone performance validity test developed specifically for use with children. Prior research has demonstrated the MVP’s strength in its ease of administration to children with a wide range of intellectual abilities. However, it has been found to lack sensitivity in detecting noncredible performance in select clinical populations using published cut-offs. The current study examines the MVP’s performance in a diagnostically heterogeneous clinical sample and proposes a new cut-off for optimization of sensitivity and specificity. Method Archival clinical data was examined from 96 participants referred for a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation (ages 6–18). Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to assess the discriminative ability of MVP in detecting cases of noncredible performance defined as failures on both the Test of Memory Malingering and Reliable Digit Span. Results Using published cut-offs, the MVP demonstrated perfect specificity (100%) but suboptimal sensitivity (33.3%). Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed strong discrimination using MVP Total score (AUC = 0.891 (p < 0.001) and a MVP Total cut-score of ≤30 resulted in optimal sensitivity (89%) and specificity (63%). Conclusions Our findings provide additional evidence that published MVP cut-offs may be too lenient to adequately capture instances of noncredible performance and indicate an MVP Total score cut-off of ≤30 may be more appropriate for use with heterogeneous clinical populations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Pervichko, E., and Y. Zinchenko. "Emotion regulation strategies in adolescents with mitral valve prolapse." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S357. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1278.

Full text

Abstract:

IntroductionTwo thirds of adolescents with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) show signs of anxiety disorders. They display difficulty in emotion regulation (Van Der Ham et al., 2003; Scordo, 2007).ObjectiveTo investigate into emotion regulation strategies in MVP adolescents.MethodsA projective study of emotion regulation was undertaken with our modified version of Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Test (Zinchenko, Pervichko, 2014). Thirty-six adolescents with MVP (mean age was 17.1 ± 0.8 years) and 40 healthy adolescents (mean age was 16.7 ± 0.6 years) took part in the study.ResultsMVP adolescents significantly more frequently (P < 0.001) would mark Rosenzweig's situations as potentially traumatizing. Ego-defence (E-D) and extrapunitive (E) reactions appear to be significantly (P < 0.05) more frequent among MVP adolescents. MVP adolescents are more than healthy subjects prone to avoid open verbal revelations of their thoughts and feelings that emerge in the situation of frustration. Content analysis of responses conditioned by cognitive control (when the task was to taper off arbitrarily the traumatizing effect of the situation) revealed that suppression of emotions was displayed by MVP adolescents in 52% of answers, and for healthy participants - 29% of answers (P < 0.001). Cognitive reappraisal strategy was displayed by MVP adolescents in 27% of answers, and for healthy participants – 38% of answers (P < 0.05). Twenty-one percent of answers of MVP adolescents and 33% of answers of healthy participants suggested cognitive transformation of emotional experience and actualization of new meanings in traumatic situations (P < 0.05).ConclusionsMVP adolescents appear to be more sensitive of frustrations and differ from healthy peers in more frequent use of the strategy of suppression of emotions.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Kuleshov, A. V. "Autonomic support of the activity in children with small cardiac abnormalities." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 23, no. 3 (September 2, 2019): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2019-23(3)-08.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of the study was to investigate vegetative maintenance (VM) in children with small cardiac abnormalities (SCA) using a wedge-orthostatic test (WOT). The article describes the research results of 170 children with SCA. VM was estimated with clinic orthostatic test (COT). The group of patients consisted of 106 children with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) and 64 children with false tendons (FT) in the left cardiac ventricular. We used absolute and relative statistical methods with Microsoft Excel program for this study. We found out that hypersympathycotonic type of VM was prevalent at MVP (57,6%). For FT it was only 37,5%. Pathologic type of VM with insufficient activation of sympathetic adrenal system was noted only in 21,2% of patients with SCA. This species is more common with FT (23.4%) than with MVP (19.8%). Hyper diastolic type was present only in 9,4% patients with MVP and in 3,1% with FT, respectively. Mixed types were rare noted at SCA without specification for MVP or FT (4.7% for MVP and 3.2% for FT). Thus, the revealed types of COT show the disorder of VM, which characterizes the reducing of adaptive capacity in such children.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Noronha, Victor Fernando Costa Macedo, Sylvia Kathariny Farias Andrade, Beatriz Guimarães Ramos, Evlyn Karolayne Bispo Andrade, Thayna Brunelly Dorea Martins, and José Aderval Aragão. "Relação da mancha vinho-do-porto com a síndrome de Sturge-Weber: revisão integrativa." Revista Eletrônica Acervo Saúde, no. 42 (March 12, 2020): e1859. http://dx.doi.org/10.25248/reas.e1859.2020.

Full text

Abstract:

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre a correlação entre a mancha vinho-do-porto (MVP) e Síndrome de Sturge-Weber (SSW). Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de revisão integrativa por meio da seleção de periódicos na base de dados eletrônica PubMed entre 2002 e 2019. Utilizou-se os descritores: “weber sturge syndrome", "stain port wine" e "dermatology”. Resultados/Discussão: A SSW é uma síndrome neurocutânea rara, esporádica, congênita e caracterizada por malformações capilares cutâneas, malformações capilares venosas cerebrais e glaucoma. A MVP resulta de mutações somáticas no gene GNAQ durante o desenvolvimento embrionário. Constatou-se que a MVP na área da “testa” possuía maior significância para o desenvolvimento da SSW. Ademais, distribuição mais ampla da MVP, sendo esta unilateral estendendo-se para a maxila e mandíbula e bem como na apresentação bilateral, são considerados fatores de risco. Considerações finais: As características da apresentação dermatológica da MVP determinam se há maior predisposição para SSW. Portanto, faz-se necessário o diagnóstico clínico precoce pela observância da MVP associado aos resultados da ressonância magnética. Tal prática alerta os profissionais sobre os sintomas neurológicos e as complicações dos pacientes portadores da síndrome.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Fukuoka, M., N. Masuda, K. Furuse, S. Negoro, M. Takada, K. Matsui, N. Takifuji, S. Kudoh, M. Kawahara, and M. Ogawara. "A randomized trial in inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer: vindesine and cisplatin versus mitomycin, vindesine, and cisplatin versus etoposide and cisplatin alternating with vindesine and mitomycin." Journal of Clinical Oncology 9, no. 4 (April 1991): 606–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1991.9.4.606.

Full text

Abstract:

Patients with inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were randomly assigned to receive one of three dosage regimens: (1) vindesine and cisplatin (VP); (2) mitomycin, vindesine, and cisplatin (MVP); or (3) etoposide and cisplatin alternating with vindesine and mitomycin (EP/VM). In 199 assessable patients, the response rates were VP, 33%; MVP, 43%; and EP/VM, 19%. The addition of mitomycin to the VP regimen did not significantly improve the response rate. The response rate was significantly lower with the EP/VM regimen than with the MVP regimen (P less than .01). The median survival times were VP, 50 weeks; MVP, 42 weeks; and EP/VM, 40 weeks. These differences were not significant. Grade III or IV thrombocytopenia was significantly greater (P less than .01) in MVP patients (22%) than in the VP (5%). Other toxicities were similar in the three groups. Analyses of prognostic factors showed that treatment with MVP, sex, and histologic classification (squamous cell carcinoma) were predictive of improved response. Important factors for improved survival, according to the Cox regression analysis, were the stage of disease, performance status, sex, weight loss before diagnosis, and hemoglobin concentration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Boudoulas, Konstantinos Dean, Antonios A. Pitsis, and Harisios Boudoulas. "Floppy Mitral Valve (FMV) – Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP) – Mitral Valvular Regurgitation and FMV/MVP Syndrome." Hellenic Journal of Cardiology 57, no. 2 (March 2016): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hjc.2016.03.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Katz, Jackson. "Bystander Training as Leadership Training: Notes on the Origins, Philosophy, and Pedagogy of the Mentors in Violence Prevention Model." Violence Against Women 24, no. 15 (March 15, 2018): 1755–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1077801217753322.

Full text

Abstract:

This article outlines the origins, philosophy, and pedagogy of the Mentors in Violence Prevention (MVP) program, which has played a significant role in the gender violence prevention field since its inception in 1993. MVP was one of the first large-scale programs to target men for prevention efforts, as well as the first to operate systematically in sports culture and the U.S. military. MVP also introduced the “bystander” approach to the field. MVP employs a social justice, gender-focused approach to prevention. Key features of this approach are described and contrasted with individualistic, events-based strategies that have proliferated on college campuses and elsewhere in recent years.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Bonomi, P. D., D. M. Finkelstein, J. C. Ruckdeschel, R. H. Blum, M. D. Green, B. Mason, R. Hahn, D. C. Tormey, J. Harris, and R. Comis. "Combination chemotherapy versus single agents followed by combination chemotherapy in stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer: a study of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group." Journal of Clinical Oncology 7, no. 11 (November 1989): 1602–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1989.7.11.1602.

Full text

Abstract:

During the last decade, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) has studied a series of combination chemotherapy regimens in metastatic (stage IV) non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In January 1984, the ECOG activated a randomized study, EST 1583, which concluded the evaluation of combination regimens in phase III trials and initiated the evaluation of single agents exclusively in previously untreated patients. The treatment regimens in EST 1583 consisted of: (1) mitomycin, vinblastine, and cisplatin (MVP); (2) vinblastine and cisplatin (VP); (3) MVP alternating with the regimen cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, methotrexate, and procarbazine (CAMP); (4) carboplatin followed by the MVP regimen at the time of progression; and (5) iproplatin followed by MVP at the time of progression. From January 1984 to July 1985, 743 patients were entered on this trial and 699 fulfilled the eligibility requirements. The following objective response rates (complete plus partial remissions) were observed: first-line MVP, 20%; VP, 13%; MVP/CAMP, 13%; carboplatin, 9%; iproplatin, 6%; and second-line MVP, 6%. First-line MVP produced a significantly higher response rate than the other treatments (P = .03) adjusted for prognostic variables. Using analyses that were adjusted for prognostic covariates, survival for patients treated on a given regimen was compared with survival for all remaining patients. These analyses showed that treatment with carboplatin was associated with longer survival (median survival time, 31.7 weeks; P = .008) while initial treatment with MVP was associated with a trend for shorter survival (median survival time, 22.7 weeks; P = .09). It should be noted that none of these regimens appear to have produced a clinically meaningful prolongation of survival. Similar analyses evaluating time to progression disclosed that carboplatin-treated patients had a significantly longer time to progression (median time to progression, 29 weeks) than all remaining patients (P = .01). Life-threatening and lethal toxicities (toxicity grades 4 and 5) were greater on the combination regimens than on the single agents (P less than .0001). Based on these results, current group-wide ECOG trials in stage IV NSCLC consist of randomized phase II trials evaluating single agents.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Chauhan, Shreepa J., Anita Thyagarajan, Yanfang Chen, Jeffrey B. Travers, and Ravi P. Sahu. "Platelet-Activating Factor-Receptor Signaling Mediates Targeted Therapies-Induced Microvesicle Particles Release in Lung Cancer Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 22 (November 12, 2020): 8517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21228517.

Full text

Abstract:

Microvesicle particles (MVP) secreted by a variety of cell types in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS)-generating pro-oxidative stressors have been implicated in modifying the cellular responses including the sensitivity to therapeutic agents. Our previous studies have shown that expression of a G-protein coupled, platelet-activating factor-receptor (PAFR) pathway plays critical roles in pro-oxidative stressors-mediated cancer growth and MVP release. As most therapeutic agents act as pro-oxidative stressors, the current studies were designed to determine the role of the PAFR signaling in targeted therapies (i.e., gefitinib and erlotinib)-mediated MVP release and underlying mechanisms using PAFR-expressing human A549 and H1299 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Our studies demonstrate that both gefitinib and erlotinib generate ROS in a dose-dependent manner in a process blocked by antioxidant and PAFR antagonist, verifying their pro-oxidative stressor’s ability, and the role of the PAFR in this effect. We observed that these targeted therapies induce MVP release in a dose- and time-dependent manner, similar to a PAFR-agonist, carbamoyl-PAF (CPAF), and PAFR-independent agonist, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), used as positive controls. To confirm the PAFR dependency, we demonstrate that siRNA-mediated PAFR knockdown or PAFR antagonist significantly blocked only targeted therapies- and CPAF-mediated but not PMA-induced MVP release. The use of pharmacologic inhibitor strategy suggested the involvement of the lipid ceramide-generating enzyme, acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) in MVP biogenesis, and observed that regardless of the stimuli used, aSMase inhibition significantly blocked MVP release. As mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK; ERK1/2 and p38) pathways crosstalk with PAFR, their inhibition also significantly attenuated targeted therapies-mediated MVP release. These findings indicate that PAFR signaling could be targeted to modify cellular responses of targeted therapies in lung cancer cells.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'MVP'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles