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Dyson, Thomas L. "Respiration during development and germination of muskmelon seeds (Cucumis melo L.)." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09192009-040509/.
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Muthui, Wangechi. "Changes in muskmelon perisperm envelope tissue during germination." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06302009-040400/.
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Zou, Xiaohong. "Characterization of Chitinase Activity and Gene Expression in Muskmelon Seeds." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29762.
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Chitinase has been suggested to play a role in defense mechanisms. In this study, the activity and expression of chitinase in muskmelon seeds were investigated. Multiple chitinase isoforms were detected in muskmelon seeds from early development through radicle emergence. One acidic and three basic chitinase isoforms were detected in developing seeds at 40 days after anthesis (DAA). Both acidic and basic chitinase isoforms were detected in endosperm tissue during seed imbibition and after radicle emergence. Basic chitinase isoforms, but not acidic isoforms, were detected in embryo tissue. Basic chitinase isoforms were also detected in the embryonic axis or radicle tissue. Taken together, these observations indicate that chitinases are regulated developmentally and in a tissue-specific manner in muskmelon seeds. Therefore the potential function of chitinases in muskmelon seeds is discussed.
Two complete cDNAs, Cmchi1 and Cmchi2, and a partial genomic clone of Cmchi2 have been isolated from muskmelon seeds. Cmchi2 gene has two introns in the coding region while Cmchi1 is intronless. Cmchi1 cDNA encodes a class III chitinase while Cmchi2 cDNA encodes a class II chitinase. Cmchi1 and Cmchi2 proteins might be targeted to secretory pathways because they possess signal peptides.
Southern blotting suggested that there is at least one additional gene similar to Cmchi1 in the muskmelon seed genome, while there is only one copy of Cmchi2. Northern blotting analysis showed that both Cmchi1 and Cmchi2 are expressed in the radicle tissue at the time of radicle emergence. This indicates that the expression is regulated developmentally and in a tissue-specific manner. Salicylic acid (SA) and benzothiadiazole (BTH) stimulated the expression of Cmchi1 but not Cmchi2 in seeds after radicle emergence, indicating that SA might be involved in inducing the expression of Cmchi1, while a different signal might be involved in triggering the expression of Cmchi2.
The protein encoded by Cmchi1cDNA was expressed in E.coli. It did not show any enzymatic activity. Western blotting using an antibody raised against the class III chitinase protein in cucumber was inconclusive, as this antibody recognized the purified Cmchi1 fusion protein and other unknown proteins isolated from the embryonic axis or the radicle tissue.Ph. D.
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Supapvanich, Suriyan. "Factors affecting quality of intact and minimally processed muskmelon fruit during storage." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503767.
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Tasaki, Hiromi. "Light Effect on Seed Chlorophyll Content and Germination Performance of Tomato and Muskmelon Seeds." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43868.
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The stage of maturity of seeds at harvest is an important factor that determines seed vigor. Separating seeds from a seed lot composed of many different stages of development can be difficult especially after maximum dry mass is attained. Separating seeds based on their physiological maturity is more challenging than sorting seeds based on their physical properties. Seeds may be non-destructively sorted using chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) as a marker of seed maturity. This study was conducted to test whether CF could be used to remove low vigor immature seeds from muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.'Top Mark') and tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) seed lots. Light treatments were applied to determine whether the light environment during seed harvesting and processing could affect chlorophyll content and seed vigor. Seeds from nine stages of development were collected from 'TopMark'. Seeds from three stages of fruit development (red ripe, breaker, and mature green) were harvested from tomato cultivar Money Maker and two phytochrome mutants: phytochrome A mutant, fri-1 and phytochrome B mutant, tri-1. The SeedMaster Analyzer (Satake USA Inc., Houston Texas) was used to measure CF and to sort individual seeds according to CF levels. Immature tomato seeds and muskmelon, harvested from green fruits, had the highest CF (p>0.001). Contrary to the results obtained with the other tomato genotypes, the vigor of tri-1 did not change inversely with changing CF levels, rather, seeds with low CF had the same vigor as seeds with high CF. This result may suggest that the presence of phytochrome B exerts an inhibitory influence on vigor in tomato seeds, and that the persistent presence of chlorophyll during seed development does not affect vigor. The light treatments had no consistent effect on seed chlorophyll content or on vigor in either tomato or muskmelon.Master of Science
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Jenni, Sylvie. "Predicting yield and development of muskmelon, Cucumis melo L., under mulch and rowcover management." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0011/NQ30303.pdf.
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Jenni, Sylvie. "Predicting yield and development of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) under mulch and rowcover management." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=42061.
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Field experiments were undertaken to predict the yield of 'Earligold' muskmelon grown with plastic mulches, rowcovers and thermal water tubes. Mulches were either black, photoselective or clear. Rowcover systems included a clear perforated polyethylene, a polypropylene agrotextile, or unperforated polyethylenes (standard or infra-red treated) with a water-filled tube. In all tunnel types, the photoselective mulch had an intermediate effect between clear and black mulch on air and soil temperatures, chilling injury and days to flowering. Plants with a clear mulch and an infrared or standard unperforated tunnel with a thermal tube survived chilling temperatures between 1.6-5.8C for seven days, flowered first, had the heaviest biomass at anthesis and had the highest early yields. Plant dry weight from transplanting to anthesis was predicted from a multiple linear regression based on heat unit formulas using air (base temperature of 14C, maximum threshold of 40C) and soil temperatures (base temperature of 12C). The base temperature for predicting developmental time to anthesis of perfect flowers was 6.8C. In order to study fruit growth, a rapid and non-destructive method for estimating volume of ovaries was established. Fruit phenology was described as six classes for flower development and seven for fruit development. Flower abortion was studied in relation to each class. Plants displayed either one or two fruit growth cycles. The second cycle was triggered as the absolute growth rate of the first cycle fruits decreased. Developmental time of individual fruits was predicted from a heat unit formula with a base temperature of 15C when temperatures were recorded from a meteorological station. Another heat unit formula was proposed for air temperature at 7.5 cm. Fruit growth from the second cycle had a 60-degree day lag. Fruit volume proportion from blooming to maturity of first cycle fruits was described by a common Richards function. Although 65% of the plants produc
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Shirazi, Parsa Hadi. "Engineering of eIF4E gene to resistance against potyviridae viruses in muskmelon using genome editing." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASB002.
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Le melon (Cucumis melo) est une plante de la famille des Cucurbitacées. Depuis le 17e siècle, le melon a fait l'objet d'une active sélection variétale utilisant des techniques d'hybridation. Afin d’accélérer le développement de variétés adaptés aux changements climatiques et intégrant de nouveaux caractères d’intérêt, il est important d’adapter au melon, les nouvelles méthodes de sélection et d’édition de génome. Le melon étant une espèce récalcitrante à la transformation génétique, l'élaboration d’un protocole de transformation et de régénération de plantules est une première étape vers l’utilisation des technologies d’édition des génomes. Dans la première section de cette thèse, différents facteurs affectant l'efficacité de la transformation ont été évalués. Tout d’abord, nous avons montré que la durée de co-culture optimale, entre l’explant et le milieu d’inoculation, était de 20 min. L'efficacité de transformation dans une culture d’agrobactérie à une DO600 de 0,8 était 11% supérieure à celle d’une culture de DO600 égale 0,4. Dans un second temps, d’autres facteurs tels que le papier filtre, la concentration du milieu de culture (10 mM de MES) et la température (24 °C) ont eu un effet positif sur l'efficacité de la transformation. L'utilisation de papier filtre au lieu d'agar pour solidifier le milieu de co-culture a amélioré l'efficacité de la transformation. Enfin, l’effet de l'éthylène, connu pour inhiber la transformation génétique, a été évalué par l’ajout d’AVG, AgNO₃ et KMnO₄ dans un milieu de culture de tissus végétaux. Le KMnO₄ s’est révélé être le produit le plus efficace augmentant l’efficacité de transformation de plus de 50 %. Une fois le protocole de transformation et régénération mis en place, les premières expériences de transgenèse ont montré une efficacité de transformation de 4.72 %. 90% des plantes transformées étaient diploïdes. Afin de développer des melons résistants aux potyvirus, nous avons initiés l’édition d’acides aminés cibles dans le facteur d’initiation de la traduction eIF4E. L’édition génomique ciblé a été réalisée en utilisant le système CRIPR-Cas-9 et des ARN guide désignés pour cibler certains acides aminés de eIF4E. L’analyse de 2500 explants, nous a permis d’identifié 59 lignées transformées soit une efficacité globale de 2.4 %. Après amplification et séquençage du gène eIF4E chez ces lignées, nous avons identifiés 17 lignées présentation des modifications de séquence au sein du gène eIF4E. Dans les lignées T1, neuf allèles d’eIF4E ont été identifiés. Huit allèles été prédits délétères sur la fonction de la protéine eIF4E. Ces lignées éditées seront évaluées pour leur résistance aux virus ZYMV, WMV, CMV, PRSVMelon (Cucumis melo L.) is a diploid plant of the Cucurbitaceae family. Since the 17th century, melon has been the object of an active varietal selection using hybridization techniques. In order to accelerate the development of varieties adapted to climatic changes and integrating new characteristics of interest, it is important to adapt to melon, the new methods of selection and genome edition. Melon is a recalcitrant species to genetic transformation. Thus, the development of a protocol for genetic transformation and seedling regeneration is a first step towards the use of the latest genome editing technologies. In the first section of this thesis, different factors affecting the efficiency of the transformation were evaluated. First, we showed that the optimal co-culture time between the explant and the inoculation medium was 20 minutes. The transformation efficiency in an agrobacteria culture at an optical density (OD600) of 0.8 was 11% higher than that of a culture with OD600 of 0.4. In a second step, other factors such as filter paper, concentration of culture medium (10 mM MES) and temperature (24 °C) had a positive effect on the transformation efficiency. The use of filter paper instead of agar to solidify the co-culture medium strongly improved the transformation efficiency. Finally, the effect of ethylene, known to inhibit genetic transformation, was evaluated by adding AVG, AgNO₃ and KMnO₄ to plant tissue culture medium. KMnO₄ was found to be the most effective product increasing the transformation efficiency by more than 50%.Once the transformation and regeneration protocol was set up, the first transgenesis experiments showed a transformation efficiency of 4.72%. 90% of the transformed plants were diploid. In order to develop potyvirus resistant melons, we initiated the editing of target amino acids in the translation initiation factor eIF4E. Targeted genomic editing was performed using the CRIPR-Cas-9 system and guide RNAs designed to target specific amino acids of eIF4E. The analysis of 2500 explants, allowed us to identify 59 transformed lines for an overall efficiency of 2.4 %. After amplification and sequencing of the eIF4E gene in these lines, we identified 17 lines presenting sequence modifications within the eIF4E gene. In T1 lines, nine alleles of eIF4E were identified. Eight alleles were predicted to be deleterious to eIF4E function. These edited lines will be evaluated for their resistance to ZYMV, WMV, CMV, PRSV
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Cordeiro, Tiago Duarte. "Influência dos plásticos biodegradáveis na produtividade, precocidade e qualidade do melão "Lusitano" (Cucumis melo var. inodorus)." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/4119.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Agronómica - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaThe main goal of this study was comparing traditional low density black polyethylene plastic mulch (25μm) with three different starch based biodegradable mulch films (15μm), on a muskmelon “Lusitano” (Cucumis melo var. inodorus). The mulch film layout and crop plantation, soil temperature and humidity, weeds, canopy spread area, flowering and yield and crop quality were monitored. The field trial was conducted in Azeitada – Almeirim (from April to July 2011) with a completely randomized experimental design with three replications, 25 plants each. The mulch films modalities were: PE (control), BMF1 (black biodegradable plastic film Mater-Bi®-CF04P); BMF2 (black biodegradable plastic film Mater-Bi®-CF04P with recycled material) and BMFV (green biodegradable plastic film Mater-Bi®-CF04P). The results showed the adaptability of biodegradable mulch films to climatic conditions and traditional techniques applied, not observing significant differences in fruit quality and production. Regarding the soil water content the BMF1 showed higher values when compared with BMFV, as well as BMFV compared with PE. The soil temperatures were similar in all the modalities and PE and BMFV had precocious flowering and production. A positive correlation between initial growth (36DAT) and the soil growing degree-days (temperature 10ºC) accumulated was obtained, and also between initial growth and final yield.
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Bomfim, Guilherme Vieira do. "Chemical control of aphids with different doses of pesticides applied by spraying and insectigation in muskmelon fertigated." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10274.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgicoObjetivou-se avaliar os efeitos de formas de aplicaÃÃo e doses de inseticidas sobre o controle quÃmico do pulgÃo e sobre as caracterÃsticas produtivas e qualitativas do meloeiro amarelo hÃbrido âMandacaruâ. Dois experimentos foram conduzidos na Ãrea experimental da EstaÃÃo MeteorolÃgica da Universidade Federal do Cearà (3 44â S, 38 33â W e 19,5 m). O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 2 x 4, com oito tratamentos, quatro repetiÃÃes e parcelas de quatro plantas Ãteis. Os tratamentos consistiram em duas formas de aplicaÃÃo (pulverizaÃÃo costal e insetigaÃÃo) associadas a quatro doses (0, 50, 100 e 200 % da recomendada pelo fabricante) dos inseticidas acefato e tiametoxam. O primeiro experimento caracterizou-se pela concentraÃÃo constante da calda agrotÃxica (volume proporcional à dose) e, o segundo, pela concentraÃÃo crescente (volume fixo). O controle quÃmico do pulgÃo foi avaliado pela variÃvel entomolÃgica: eficiÃncia de controle (EF). As caracterÃsticas produtivas e qualitativas do meloeiro foram investigadas atravÃs das variÃveis frutÃferas: massa fresca (MF), diÃmetros polar (DP) e equatorial (DE), nÃmero de frutos por planta (NF), produtividade comercial (PC), espessuras da casca (EC) e da polpa (EP), sÃlidos solÃveis (SS) e firmeza da polpa (FP). Foram realizadas a anÃlise residual de agrotÃxicos e a anÃlise econÃmica simplificada. A insetigaÃÃo nÃo diferiu estatisticamente da pulverizaÃÃo. O acefato afetou significativamente a EF, sendo, no primeiro experimento, o seu valor mÃximo estimado (EF= 98,97 %) com 139,64 % e, no segundo (EF= 99,93 %), com 138,33 % da dose recomendada. O tiametoxam nÃo afetou estatisticamente a EF, pois propiciou o controle total do inseto (100 %) em todos os tratamentos. Os melhores resultados das variÃveis NF, PC e SS, do primeiro experimento, e NF e PC, do segundo, foram alcanÃados com 100 e 200 % da dose recomendada. A anÃlise residual revelou ausÃncia de agrotÃxicos nos frutos. As maiores lucratividades foram alcanÃadas com 100 e 200 % da dose recomendada.
The research purpose was to evaluate the effects of application methods and agrotoxic doses undermelon aphid chemical control. Two experiments were conducted at Fortaleza, CearÃ, Brazil (3Â 44' S, 38Â 33' W and 19.5 m). The experimental design was randomized blocks in factorial 2x4, with eight treatments, four replicates and plots of four useful plants. The treatments comprehend ed two application forms (manual knapsack sprayer and insetigation) and four doses (0, 50, 100 and 200 % of manufacturerâs recommended dose) of the acephate and thiametoxan insecticides. The first experiment was made with agrotoxic fixed concentration whereas the second one was made with an increasing concentration. The assessment was made for the variables: control efficiency (EF), fresh mass (MF), polar diameter (DP) and equatorial (DE), fruits per plant number (NF), business productivity (PC), thickness of the shell (EC) and pulp (EP), soluble solids (SS) and firmness pulp (FP). After assessment, residual agrotoxics and simplified economics assays were made. The insetigation were similar to manual knapsack sprayer. In the first experiment, the greatest efficiency value (98.97%) was estimated with 13 9.64% acephate dose. In the second experiment, the greatest efficiency value (99.93 %) was estimated with 138.33 % acephate dose. The thiametoxan didnât influence the EF (100 % for all treatments). The best results on the first (NF, PC and SS) and second (NF and PC) experiments were provided with 100 and 200 % recommended dose for each agrotoxic. The fruits didnât have agrotoxic residues. The best profit was achieved with 100 and 200 % of the recommended dose.
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Oluoch, Melkizedek O. "Effects of priming and stage of development on vigor and longevity of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) seeds." Diss., This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-154412/.
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Rethwisch, Michael D., Tony Tellez, Alphonso Tellez, David Tellez, Mary Shaw, Alex Galarza, and Luis Lastra. "Evaluation of Oils, Insecticides and Insect Growth Regulators for Control of Sweetpotato Whitefly on Muskmelon and Watermelon." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/214506.
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Five insecticides, four oils, one soap, and two insect growth regulators were evaluated for control of sweetpotato whitefly on muskmelons and watermelons in 1990. Best control (> 80%) was noted from the insect growth regulators at 11 days post treatment, but declined thereafter. Oils as a class provided some control but not all oils provided similar results. Insecticides tested did not provide adequate control and resulted in increased whitefly egg and nymph numbers at 11 days post treatment.
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Saraiva, Artur Figueiredo. "Estudo da biodegradabilidade de bioplásticos numa cultura de ciclo curto - melão (Cucumis melo L. var.inodorus N.)." Master's thesis, ISA/UTL, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/5304.
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Mestrado em Engenharia do Ambiente - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaDue to the large amount of mulch films used in agricultural crops and to all the environmental problems related with their disposal, the biodegradable mulch films seems to be the best solution for replacing the conventional polyethylene mulches. The main goal of this work was to evaluate and compare the performance of biodegradable mulch films with the conventional polyethylene ones in muskmelon culture during two years. Beyond fruit productivity and quality, the impact of each plastic in the soil moisture and temperature were also assessed. Taking into account that there are no reported biodegradation studies realized in Portugal, it was also important to verify the biodegradability of this new mulch films under the Portuguese soil conditions. The biodegradable mulch films did not show significant differences in fruit productivity and quality. The biodegradation rate of the mulches tested was not as high as would be expected. From the overall results obtained, biodegradable mulch films appear to be a good solution for the replacement of the conventional polyethylene mulches, however the R&D should continue to be done to improve their biodegradation rate.
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Aziz, Fahrurrozi. "Effects of mulchmini-tunnel and thermal-water tube combinations on daily carbon dioxide concentration and early growth of muskmelons." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35565.
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Experiments were conducted in 1997, 1998 and 1999 to determine the effects of mulch/mini-tunnel and thermal-water tube combinations on daily carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, air, soil temperatures and early growth of muskmelons (var. Earligold) during the vegetative phase. Treatments consisted of mulched plot covered with a clear perforated, a clear non-perforated or a non-perforated infrared polyethylene mini-tunnel with the absence or the presence of a thermal-water tube compared with control treatments. Additional treatments consisting of the ventilation non-perforated clear and infrared tunnels containing no tube were used in 1998 and 1999. The non-perforated tunnels significantly increased CO2 concentrations, air and soil temperatures compared with those of perforated tunnels and controls. Inclusion of a thermal-water tube reduced air temperature fluctuations in the tunnels. Ventilating the non-perforated tunnels significantly decreased CO2 concentrations and air temperatures.During the first 10--15 days after transplanting, muskmelons grown in the non-perforated tunnels had higher relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), and dry weight than those of grown under perforated tunnels and in the control plots. However, during the later period, 11--16 days after transplanting to anthesis, the effects of mulch/mini-tunnels on the RGR, NAR and dry weight of muskmelons were inconsistent. Muskmelons grown in the mulch/tunnels had significantly higher RGR, but generally lower NAR, than those of grown without tunnel. The use of mulch/mini-tunnels significantly increased dry weight at anthesis in 1997, but not in 1998 and 1999. The presence of thermal-water tube in the tunnels and ventilating the non-perforated tunnels generally increased RGR, NAR, and dry weight of muskmelons. The use of mulch/mini-tunnels reduced time for muskmelon to reach anthesis by 9 to 11 days.
The leaves of muskmelons grown in mulch/mini-tunnels had significantly lower ratios of variable to maximum fluorescence (Fv/Fm) than control plants throughout the experiments, except at 10 and 20 days after transplanting in 1997. Leaves of muskmelons grown in non-perforated tunnels had significantly higher levels of chlorophyll than all other treatments during first 15 days after transplanting. However, chlorophyll values in these treatments decreased as muskmelons reached anthesis. The presence of a thermal-water tube in the mulch/mini-tunnels and ventilating the non-perforated tunnels generally increased both Fv/Fm ratios and chlorophyll levels of muskmelon leaves.
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Napier, Alexandra Bamberger. "Identification and confirmation of molecular markers and orange flesh color associated with major QTL for high beta-carotene content in muskmelon." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1136.
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Vasquez, Manuel Antonio Navarro. "Fertirrigação por gotejamento superficial e subsuperficial no meloeiro (Cucumis melo L.) sob condições protegidas." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11143/tde-09022004-143214/.
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Este trabalho teve como objetivos determinar o efeito de duas profundidades de instalação dos tubogotejadores, três níveis de irrigação e quatro doses de potássio aplicados via fertirrigação por gotejamento superficial e subsuperficial no desenvolvimento, na produtividade e na qualidade de frutos do meloeiro sob condições protegidas, conduzido em sistema de espaldeira; avaliar a dinâmica de água e de potássio no perfil do solo e determinar a evapotranspiração da cultura (ETc) e o coeficiente de cultivo (Kc) para o meloeiro nos diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento. O experimento foi realizado no período de setembro/2001 a janeiro/2002, na área experimental do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da ESALQ/USP, em uma área protegida de 420,0 m 2 (28,0 m x 15,0 m), localizado no município de Piracicaba - São Paulo à latitude de 22 o 4230S e longitude de 47 o 3800W. Foi utilizado o delineamento estatístico de blocos casualizados com 3 repetições, arranjados em esquema fatorial de 2x3x4. Os tratamentos resultaram da combinação entre duas profundidades de instalação dos tubogotejadores, três níveis de irrigação e quatro doses de potássio. As profundidades dos tubogotejadores foram P1 e P2 (0,0 e 0,2 m da superfície do solo).Os níveis de irrigação foram L1, L2 e L3 (0,33; 0,67 e 1,0 vezes a evaporação diária do mini tanque evaporimétrico). As doses de potássio K0, K1, K2 e K3 (0, 6, 9 e 12 g de K2O pl -1 ). A fertirrigação foi realizada cada dois dias mediante curva de absorção. O monitoramento da umidade e da concentração de potássio no solo foi feitos com tensiômetros e extratores de solução, respectivamente, instalados em torno da planta. Os valores totais de evaporação do mini tanque evaporimétrico durante o ciclo da cultura foi de 417,32 mm. Pelos valores de potencial mátrico, os níveis de irrigação L2 na posição P2, e L3 nas duas posições dos tubogotejadores, mantiverem o perfil de distribuição de água mais adequado para a cultura. As doses de potássio, os níveis de irrigação e as posições dos tubogotejadores influenciaram a concentração e a distribuição espacial e temporal de K + A aplicação das doses de potássio K1 e K2 em combinação com os níveis de irrigação L3 e posição dos tubogotejadores P2 favoreceu a obtenção de maiores produtividades totais (65.108,33 kg ha -1 e 69.646,00 kg ha -1 ) e comerciais (61.427,60 kg ha -1 e 66.224,31 kg ha -1 ). O Kc e ETc pode ser estimado com muita boa aproximação com ajuste de equações que levam em consideração a área foliar da planta.The objectives of this work were: a) to determine the effect of two dripper installation depths, three irrigation depths and four potassium doses applied in surface and subsurface (SDI) irrigation on the productivity and quality of muskmelon frutis under protected conditions, b) to evaluate the water and potassium dynamics in the soil and c) to determine the muskmelon evapotranspiration (ETc) and crop coefficient (Kc) at different growth stages. The experiment was realized between September/2001 and January /2002, at ESALQ/USP Experimental Field, in Piracicaba São Paulo State, Brazil (Latitude 22o42'30"S, Longitude 47o38'00"W). The statistical test was realized in a randomized blocks with three repetitions, arranged in factorial outline of 2x3x4. The treatments resulted from the combination among two depths of installation of the dripline, three irrigation levels and four potassium doses: Dripline depths were positioned 0,0 and 0,2 m from soil surface (P1 and P2); the irrigation levels L1, L2 and L3 were 33, 67 and 100 percent of daily evaporation from a modified pan, and the potassium doses K0, K1, K2 and K3 (0, 6, 9 and 12 g of K2O pl-1). The fertirrigation was applied every two days based on nutrient absorption curves. Tensiometers and solution extractors, were used to monitor soil moisture and to evaluate the potassium concentration in the soil. The total evaporation from the modified pan during the crop cycle was of 417,32 mm. For the values of matric potential, the irrigation level L2 in the position P2 and L3 at both driplines depths (P1 and P2), maintained the best water conditions. The potassium doses, the irrigation levels and the driplines depths influenced the concentration and the spatial and time distribution of the K+ ion. The application of the potassium doses K1 and K2 (6 g of K2O pl-1 and 9 g of K2O pl-1) in combination with the irrigation levels L3 (417,32 mm) and dripline position P2 (0,2 m) resulted the best total productivity (65.108,33 kg ha-1 and 69.646,00 kg ha-1) and marketable productivity (61.427,60 kg ha-1 and 66.224,31 kg ha-1). The Kc and ETc of the melon crop under greenhause conditions can be well estimated considering plant leaf area along the vegetative cycle.
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Mota, Jaedson Cláudio Anunciato. "Componentes do balanço de água em um Cambissolo cultivado com meloeiro irrigado por gotejamento, com e sem cobertura da superfície." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11140/tde-16032010-160217/.
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O conhecimento sobre o balanço de água no solo é essencial ao manejo do sistema solo-água- planta. Esta pesquisa objetivou estudar os componentes do balaço de água em Cambissolo cultivado com meloeiro irrigado por gotejamento, com e sem cobertura da superfície, em Baraúna-RN. Em área experimental de 20 m x 50 m cultivou-se melão Amarelo, variedade AF- 646, no espaçamento de 2,00 m x 0,35 m, num total de dez linhas de plantas de 50 m de extensão cada. A 1/3 e 2/3 da extensão de cada linha de plantas foram instalados quatro tensiômetros, um em cada uma das profundidades 0,1; 0,2; 0,3 e 0,4 m. A instalação foi feita adjacente à linha de irrigação (0,1 m da linha de plantas) entre duas plantas selecionadas, com os tensiômetros espaçados 0,1 m entre si. Em cinco linhas aleatórias fez-se a cobertura com folhas secas de bananeira (Musa sp.) ao longo da linha de gotejamento numa faixa de 0,5 m. Nas outras cinco manteve-se o cultivo sem cobertura. Assim, o experimento consistiu de dois tratamentos, com dez repetições, em quatro períodos fenológicos: inicial (7-22 DAS dias após a semeadura), vegetativo (22-40 DAS), frutificação (40-58 DAS) e maturação (58-70 DAS). As precipitações pluviais foram medidas com pluviômetro e as armazenagens de água estimadas pelo método do trapézio, a partir das leituras dos tensiômetros e das curvas de retenção. Para a determinação das densidades de fluxo de água no limite inferior do volume de controle de solo (0,3 m), foram considerados os tensiômetros nas profundidades 0,2; 0,3 e 0,4 m, sendo que o tensiômetro a 0,3 m foi utilizado para estimar o conteúdo de água no solo, com uso da curva de retenção de água para esta profundidade, e os outros dois para o cálculo do gradiente de potencial total. As densidades de fluxo foram calculadas pela equação de Darcy-Buckingham, com a condutividade hidráulica do solo determinada pelo método do perfil instantâneo. O deflúvio superficial foi desconsiderado e a evapotranspiração real da cultura foi calculada pela equação do balanço de massas. Concluiu-se que: a) à 0,2 m de profundidade a condutividade hidráulica do solo foi baixa; b) o manejo da irrigação com tensiômetros permitiu redução de 45% na lâmina de água em relação à usualmente praticada na região, sem afetar a produtividade da cultura; c) houve efeito positivo da cobertura do solo sobre a armazenagem de água, especialmente nos estádios inicial e vegetativo da cultura; d) o método do balanço de água no solo mostrou-se eficiente na estimativa da evapotranspiração real, em condições de cultivo de meloeiro irrigado; e) a aplicação de uma única lâmina diária de irrigação, mesmo em curto intervalo de tempo, apresenta risco de perda de água por drenagem interna, especialmente nas fases inicial e vegetativa do meloeiro; f) a variabilidade espacial da densidade de fluxo foi elevada quando houve ocorrência de precipitação pluvial; g) não houve efeito da cobertura do solo na evapotranspiração da cultura, nem sobre a produtividade e características pós-colheita dos frutos; h) a curva de coeficiente de cultivo apresenta grandes limitações quando utilizada para fornecer água para o meloeiro.The knowledge about the soil water balance is essential to soil-water-plant system management. Thus, this research aimed to study the water balance components in an Inceptsol cropped with muskmelon under drip irrigation, with and without surface covering, in the county of Baraúna, Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil (05º04\'48 S, 37º37\'00 W). In an experimental area of 20 m x 50 m grew up AF-646 muskmelon, spaced 2.00 m x 0.35 m, in a total of ten plants lines 50 m long each. At 1/3 and 2/3 of the length of each plant line, four tensiometers were installed, one in each depths of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 m. The installation was made adjacent to the irrigation line (0.1 m from the plant line) between two selected plants 0.1 m apart. In five random lines, it was made a covering with dry leaves of banana (Musa sp.) along the drip line in the range of 0.5 m. In the other five there was no covering. Thus, the experiment consisted of two treatments whith ten repetitions in four phenological stages: initial (7-22 DAS - days after sowing), growing (22-40 DAS), fruiting (40-58 DAS) and maturing (58-70 DAS). Rainfall was measured with rain gauge and water storage estimated by trapezoidal method, from tensiometer readings and retention curves. To determine the soil water flux densities at the soil depth 0.3 m, tensiometers at depths 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 m were considered; the tensiometer at 0.3 m was used to estimate the soil water content, from the soil water retention curve at this depth, and the other two to calculate the soil water total potential gradient. The flux densities were calculated by the Darcy-Buckingham equation, with the hydraulic conductivity being determined by the instantaneous profile method. There was no runoff and the crop actual evapotranspiration was calculated by the mass balance equation. It could be concluded that: a) at 0.2 m soil depth the hydraulic conductivity was low; b) controlled irrigation with tensiometers allowed a reduction of 45% in water application in relation to commonly used practice in the region, without crop productivity change; c) there was positive effect of soil covering on water storage, especially at the initial and vegetative stages; d) the method of soil water balance was efficient to estimate actual evapotranspiration, under irrigated muskmelon conditions; e) the application of a single irrigation depth daily, even in a short time period, presents risk of water to be lost by internal drainage, especially at initial and vegetative muskmelon stages; f) the spatial variability of soil water flux density was high when rainfall incidence occurred; g) there was no effect of covering on crop actual evapotranspiration, neither on yield and post-harvest fruits characteristics; h) the crop coefficient curve has severe limitations when used to provide water to the muskmelon.
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Aziz, Fahrurrozi. "Effects of mulch/mini-tunnel and thermal-water tube combinations on daily carbon dioxide concentration and early growth of muskmelons." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0030/NQ64504.pdf.
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Long, Robert Llewellyn, and bizarrealong@hotmail com. "Improving fruit soluble solids content in melon (Cucumis melo L.) (reticulatus group) in the Australian production system." Central Queensland University. Biological and Environmental Science, 2005. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20051019.144749.
Full textAbstract:
Total soluble solids (TSS) is a reliable indicator of melon eating quality, with a minimum standard of 10% recommended. The state of Australian melon production with respect to this quality criterion was considered within seasons, between growing districts and over seasons. It was concluded that improvement in agronomic practice and varietal selection is required to produce sweeter melons. The scientific literature addressing melon physiology and agronomy was summarised, as a background to the work that is required to improve melon production practices in Australia.
The effect of source sink manipulation was assessed for commercially grown and glasshouse grown melon plants. The timing of fruit thinning, pollination scheduling, the application of a growth inhibitor and source biomass removal were assessed in relation to fruit growth and sugar accumulation. Results are interpreted against a model in which fruit rapidly increase in weight until about two weeks before harvest, with sugar accumulation continuing as fruit growth ceases. Thus treatment response is very dependant on timing of application. For example, fruit thinning at 25 days before harvest resulted in further fruit set and increased fruit weight but did not impact on fruit TSS (at 9.8%, control 9.3%), while thinning at 5 days before harvest resulted in a significant (Pless than 0.05) increase in fruit TSS (to 10.8%, control 9.3%) and no increase in fruit weight or number. A cost/ benefit analysis is presented, allowing an estimation of the increase in sale price required to sustain the implementation of fruit thinning.
The effect of irrigation scheduling was also considered with respect to increasing melon yield and quality. To date, recommended practice has been to cause an irrigation deficit close to fruit harvest, with the intent of 'drying out' or 'stressing' the plant, to 'bring on' maturity and increase sugar accumulation. Irrigation trials showed that keeping plants stress-free close to harvest and during harvest, facilitated the production of sweeter fruit.
The maintenance of a TSS grade standard using either batch based (destructive) sampling or (non-invasive) grading of individual fruit is discussed. On-line grading of individual fruit is possible using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), but the applicability of the technique to melons has received little published attention. Tissue sampling strategy was optimised, in relation to the optical geometry used (in commercial operation in Australia), both in terms of the diameter and depth of sampled tissue. NIR calibration model performance was superior when based on the TSS of outer, rather than inner mesocarp tissue. However the linear relationship between outer and middle tissue TSS was strong (r2 = 0.8) in immature fruit, though less related in maturing fruit (r2 = 0.5). The effect of fruit storage (maturation/senescence) on calibration model performance was assessed. There was a negligible effect of fruit cold storage on calibration performance.
Currently, the agronomist lacks a cost-effective tool to rapidly assess fruit TSS in the field. Design parameters for such a tool were established, and several optical front ends compared for rapid, though invasive, analysis. Further, for visualisation of the spatial distribution of tissue TSS within a melon fruit, a two-dimensional, or hyper-spectral NIR imaging system based on a low cost 8-bit charge coupled device (CCD) camera and filter arrangement, was designed and characterised.
20
Simandjuntak, Valencius. "The effect of cultivar maturity and frozen storage time on the cell wall polysaccharide composition of muskmelon(Cucumis melo)." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27197.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of frozen storage time on the composition
of the cell wall polysaccharide (CWP) of muskmelon (Cucumis
melo) cultivars at different stages of maturity was investigated.
Changes in composition, firmness, drip loss, and
color of Cantaloupe and Honey Dew melon flesh were determined
at three stages of maturity and for three periods of
storage at -23°C. Relationships between firmness, drip
loss, and other composition measurements, as well as the
total CWP sugar composition, were also determined.
Cell wall polyssacharides were isolated and purified,
and fractionations were performed using cyclohexane trans-
1,2-diamine tetraacetate (CDTA), Na₂C0₃, guanidinium thiocyanate
(GTC), and KOH. All fractions and residues were
dialysed and then freeze-dried. Following hydrolysis of
CWP fractions with trifluoroacetate (TFA), the alditol acetate derivatives of neutral sugars from each CWP fraction
were prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography,
using myo-inositol as the internal standard.
TFA insoluble fractions were analyzed colorimetrically
using phenol-sulphuric acid reagent. Uronic acid was determined
using 0.15% m-hydroxybiphenyl for absorbance at
520 nm with galacturonic acid as the standard. It was determined
that CDTA and Na₂C0₃ fractions were composed of
typical pectic materials, containing mostly galacturonic
acid with the neutral sugars arabinose, galactose, rhamnose,
and a smaller amount of xylose. As maturity increased,
CDTA fraction yields increased, though total neutral
sugar CWP compositions decreased. GTC and KOH fractions
were typical of hemicellulose, and contained principally
xylose, glucose, galactose, mannose, and fucose, with very
small amounts of uronic acid, arabinose, and rhamnose.
Residue fractions contained principally glucose and galactose,
with smaller amounts of mannose, xylose, arabinose,
and fucose. With the exception of xylose and glucose, all
neutral sugars decreased significantly (p < 0.01) as maturity
increased in both the Cantaloupe and Honey Dew melons.
Total uronic acid did not change as maturity increased,
except for Cantaloupe, where total uronic acid decreased
from the ripe to overripe stages. The CDTA fraction
yield increased and all neutral sugars decreased
significantly (p < 0.05) as storage time was increased.
Only the CDTA fraction yield was negatively correlated with the firmness of both melons, and was positively correlated
with drip loss as maturity and frozen storage time were increased.
Firmness was positively correlated with Na₂C0₃ and
GTC fraction yield in Cantaloupe, whereas for Honey Dew
there was no correlation between firmness and Na₂C0₃ or GTC
fraction yield as maturity increased. The KOH fraction was
negatively correlated with firmness in Cantaloupe, whereas
there was no correlation between firmness and KOH fractions
in Honey Dew existed as maturity increased. The residue
fractions increased in both melons only from the underripe
to the ripe stages, and did not change from ripe to overripe.
Firmness was positively correlated with total rhamnose,
arabinose, mannose, and galactose as maturity increased,
and the drip loss was negatively correlated with
all total neutral sugars as storage time was increased.
During frozen storage, there was a significant decreases
(p < 0.05) in total CWP sugars in relation to increased
storage time. The decrease in total sugars was
more dramatic during the 0 to 5 month period than the 5 to
10 month period of frozen storage. Galactose did not
change in the Cantaloupe, whereas in Honey Dew it decreased
34.3% from 0 to 5 months then decreased only 13% from 5 to
10 months of storage.Graduation date: 1994
21
Huang, Hsiao-Hui, and 黃曉慧. "Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation of Commercial Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L., cv.Xing Hua)." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89743666165779621013.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
分子生物科技學系碩士班
92
ABSTRACT Zucchini yellow mosaic virus ( ZYMV ) and Type W strain of Papaya ringspot virus ( PRSV-W ) are transmitted by aphids and cause serious economical loss to cucurbit cultivation in Taiwan. The major objective of this study was to establish a better microprogated system and produce coat-protein-gene transgenic plants that are resistant to ZYMV and PRSV-W. Muskmelon multiple shoots exhibited hyperhydric appearance when cultured in vitro and poor survival rate under acclimatization. In this study, we tried to decrease the hyperhydric rate by adding different concentration of thiamine HCl ( 10 mgl-1,50 mgl-1,100 mgl-1 ) to the MS basal medium. The results indicated that the rate of hyperhydric shoots was reduced when the shoot culture or the medium with 50 mgl-1 thiamine HCl. In the transformation procedures, seed coats or mature seeds were removed and the seeds was sterilized as explants for transformation . Each fresh cotyledon was soaked on MS solution and cut into 4 pieces using a dull scalpel blade. A fresh overnight bacterial suspension was added 50 μl and light sharked for 10 min. All explants were transferred to the co—culture medium for four days then transplanted to the regeneration medium containing 100 ppm kanamycin and 200 ppm carbenicillin or 200 ppm cefotaxime. The putative transformed buds formed from explants cultured for 4-6 weeks on the selective medium. The best rate of bud formation was 51.7 % on the regeneration medium ( MS basal medium adding 0.5 mg l-1 BA, 200 mgl-1 carbenicillin and 100 mgl-1 kanamycin ). All the buds were removed and transplanted on multiple—elongation medium ( 0.01 mgl-1 NAA & 0.1 mgl-1 BA ) containing 100 mgl-1 kanamycin and 200 mgl-1 carbenicillin. After several times subcultures the buds developed to normal-appearance multiple shoots. We produced more then 10 putative transgenic lines. All the putative transgenic lines were conformed by PCR using specific NPTII or CP gene primer. In our study, we describe the procedures for regeneration and Agrobacterium—mediated production of transgenic Muskmelon, an economically important cultivar of melon in Taiwan. Key Words : Muskmelon、tissue culture、transformation、regeneration 、Agrobacterium
22
Brown, Thomas M. "Yield responses of transplanted and direct-seeded muskmelon to plastic mulch." 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/22557.
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Guo, Jain-Rong, and 郭建榮. "Effects of Root Temperature on the Nitrogen metabolism of muskmelon (Cucummis melo L.)." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55060679165492022833.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
植物學系
84
The aim of this study was to elucidate the effects of the different root temperatures (35, 25, 15 degree )on growth and nitrogen metabolism of muskmelon (Cucummis melo L.) under the hydroponic system. Examinations on the changes of the physiological characterics under different root temperatures including biomass, photosynthetic rate, respiration rate, stomatal conductance, content of free amino acid, soluble, and the enzyme activities of NR, NiR, GS, GOGAT,GDH, and Rubisco. The results were summarized as follows: The decreasing of root temperature resulted in the decreasing of photo-synthetic rate, respiration rate, Rubisco activity and total dry weight in leaves. The lowest root temperature inhibited the absorpting of nutrition onplant growth. Undeer 15 degree root temperature treatment, the content of total solubleprotein was lowest in both roots and leaves. Furthermore, the activities ofNR and NiR were lowest in root, but highest in leaves. The reason may be an increasing in the flow rate of nitrate into leaves. Therefore, the assimilation of nitrogen increasing in leaves on low temperature. In higher plants, ammonina is mainly assimilated by GS and GOGAT pathway which produces glutamine andglutamate. The low temperature inhibited GS/GOGAT activities in roots. Thereforethat is favorable to ammonium assimilation in leaves. Our results showed that indeed asparagine was the highest content among 20amino acids in leaves and roots of all root temperature treatments. In fruit growth period, the transmitting of asparagine is very important from leaves and roots. For this reason, changes in amino acids content and composition of sink (fruit) was more important than the effect of root temperature.
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Galeb, Abduljalil Derhm Saeed. "Development of a process for production of cantaloupe juice concentrate and determination of its composition and quality." Thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/27158.
Full textAbstract:
Fresh ripe, cantaloupes were processed into juice and
juice concentrate. Processing trials were conducted on
fresh and frozen fruits with and without rind. The effects
of maceration enzymes and fining agents on yield and quality
were investigated. Compositional measurement included
°Brix, pH, titratable acidity, formol values, ascorbic acid
content, total carotenoids, sugar and nonvolatile acid
profiles, browning indices and Hunter color parameters.
Considerable ascorbic acid degradation occurred during
processing. The high juice yield (80%) and low acidity
suggest its potential use as an alternate sweetener source.
Sensory evaluation by a trained panel showed that concentrating the juice samples from flesh and rind can
remove the rind aroma and flavor characteristics. Juices
obtained from flesh and from flesh and rind were not
significantly different (p [less than or equal to] 0.05) except for overall
intensity and fresh fruit flavor characters. Single
strength juice was significantly different (p [less than or equal to] 0.05) from
concentrate on most aroma and flavor characters.Graduation date: 1991
25
Galeb, Abduljalil D. S. "Use of ion-exchange and direct osmotic concentration technologies for processing cantaloupe juice." Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/26050.
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Huang, Wei-Pin, and 黃維娉. "Studies on Regulation of Wound Ethylene Biosynthesis in Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. Reticulatus group) Fruit." Thesis, 1993. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55341214375159509152.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
園藝學系
81
Wound ethylene is induced when plant tissues are mechani- cally damaged. In horticultural pastharvest, wound ethylene is often an important causedwhich results worse in product quali- ty. Mushmelon is one of the high valve economy crops in Taiwan , which is widely accepted by consumers, and its quantity of yield increases with years.After mushmelon impacts,it produces a lot of wound ethylene which results in rapidly sottening the fruit. This research wants to discuss the rapid increase of ethylene yield when mushmelon is damaged, that is, the regula- tion mechanism about synthesis of ethylene. After ripe mushmelon flesh is wounded by cut into discs, the product rate of ethylene rapidly increases at the second hour, and appears the peak at the fifth hour,which is eight to ten times than it before wounded.Accompanied woth the increase of product rate of ethylene, the ACC content and EFE activity in flesh also increase. The wound ethylene product which is inhibited by AVG displays that ACC synthase by induced wound is the major cause that promotes the ethylene product. After added AVG and ACC into the discs simultaneously, the product rate of ethylene is as same as that of objects; e.g. increases with jours. The result displays that EFE activity gradually increases while ACC converted into ethylene after wounded.That both ACC synthase and EFE activity are inhibited by protein inhibitor, CHI, displays the yield increase of induced wound ethylene is due to de cove two enzymes. The ethylene which is immediately absorbed by mercury (II) perchlorate after discs are wounded inhibits the increase of EFE activity. By the same way,ethylene absorbed by NBD also inhibits the increase of EFE activity. And additional handle toward ethylene increases the EFE activity,too.According to this result, we can suggest that the increase of EFE activity while synthesis of wound ethylene of mushmelon is partly due to the stimulation of the induced ethylene's
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Su, Jiunn-Feng, and 蘇俊峯. "The ecology of Monosporascus cannonballus and grafting management of root rot/vine decline of muskmelon." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73637764200198127979.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
植物病理學系所
96
This study was studying in host range of Monosporascus cannonballus, dynamic populations of M. cannonballus ascospores in fields and M. cannonballus ascospore germination. Moreover, ascospore penetration efficiency (PE) was used for selecting resistant/tolerant rootstocks. After grafting, the eating quality was another factor affecting in developing disease management method of root rot/vine decline of muskmelon. Field survey results showed that the hosts of M. cannonballus included muskmelon, Japanese cantaloupe, oriental pickling melon, cucumber, wax gourd and bottle gourd as rootstock for watermelon in Taiwan. Using soil tube method, the ascospores could germinate in the rhizosphere and the hyphae penetrated into root tissues in such plants as muskmelon, Japanese cantaloupe, oriental pickling melon, cucumber, wax gourd, squash, watermelon, bottle gourd, loofah and bitter gourd. A newly developed method, circulating ascospore isolation method (CAIM), had 98% of M. cannonballus ascospore recovery rate in artificial infested Fangyuan soil. This method was applied to survey population dynamic of M. cannonballus ascospores different days after transplanting in an experimental filed of Chigu, which had a serious root rot/vine decline of muskmelon. The results showed that 12.7, 4.5 and 9.5 ascospores/g soil involved in rhizosphere soils 0, 53 and 67 days after transplanting, respectively. When muskmelon fruits were harvested at 92 days after transplanting, rhizosphere soils only contained 6.3 and 15 ascospores/g soil 99 and 123 days after transplanting, respectively, but ascospore densities raised to 95.9 and 303.5 ascospores/g soil 130 and 165 days after transplanting, respectively. When this experimental field was plowed 207 days after transplanting, there were only 5.3, 7.9 and 6.4 ascospores/g soil 214, 238 and 298 days after transplanting, respectively. A new developed method of embedded ascospore germination method (EAGM) and the soil tube method (STM), modified from Stanghellini et al., were two different methods in observation of M. cannonballus ascospore germination around the rhizosphere. With EAGM, the total number of ascospores and numbers of germinated ascospores (GA) on water agar were countable. So, ascospore germination rates could be calculated. In STM, the numbers of germinated and penetrated ascospores (GPA) could be counted from infected plant roots after inoculation. Following the volume formula of cannular cylinder and ascospore inoculum density, the total number of ascospores in rhizosphere in STM was possible known. This total number multiplied by ascospore germination rate was numbers of germinated ascospores (GA) in STM. When (GPA/GA) x 100% was defined as ascospore penetration efficiency (PE), PE values could be used to estimate the ability of M. cannonballus ascospores to penetrate into 13 cucurbitaceous plant roots. The results showed that PE values, 6.51% and 6.52% of muskmelon (Autumn favor) and Oriental pickling melon (Silver charm) were higher than watermelon (Empire no. 2 and Knight), wax gourd (K. Y. trim and Benefit), loofah (Miriam and Cylinder) and squash (Strong man and Phoenix), which were 1.72%, 1.46%, 1.16%, 0.61%, 0.98%, 1.04%, 1.05% and 1.97%, respectively, and were significantly different (p< 0.05). So, many cucurbitaeous plants could be used as rootstocks in disease management of root rot/vine decline of muskmelon. However, after grafting and evaluating the eating quality, wax gourd and squash was selected as rootstocks for muskmelon tongue root inarching grafts. In 2004, a field experiment was conducted at Dongshan (in Tainan County) and Wax gourd 1202 and Squash 1913 were screened for their suitability as rootstock. In 2005, in further field experiments conducted at Chigu Ⅰand Ⅱ (Tainan), the grafts on squash 1913 rootstock gave a stable, positive performance on disease management. Although the root of rootstock plants was also infected by M. cannonballus, they displayed a relatively low root rot index. And there were 54% of the total root numbers found to derive from the rootstock plant. By harvest time, the grafts showed a phenomenon of temporary wilting in which the plants wilted during the day and would recover at night or in a later time under certain circumstances. A normal harvest of high quality fruit of muskmelon was possible. The grafts of squash 1913 as rootstock still had a stable performance on disease management at 2007 (at Sigang in Tainan County). The wilt rates was only 19% and high quality fruit of 100.3 kg/40 plants was compared with 84.9 kg/40 plants on non-grafting.
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Jiang, Zong-Xing, and 蔣宗興. "Cloning and Characterization of Potentially Anti-Viral Functions of Muskmelon 14-3-3 Family Genes." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61183025316548499171.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
生物科技學研究所
100
英文摘要 Viral diseases inflict severe economical losses in the production of cucurbit crops. Aside from the control of insect vectors by chemical or physical methods, the breeding and cultivation of virus-resistant varieties are among the most effective means for the management of viral diseases in cucurbits. Previous collaborative studies with Taiwan Agriculture Research Institute on the RNA virus-resistant wax-gourd variety, TVI4204, have identified a 14-3-3 family protein positively correlated to the virus-resistance phenotype. The 14-3-3 family genes have recently been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of viruses in other plants, either enhancing or reducing the disease severity. To further explore the possible anti-viral functions in muskmelons, the 14-3-3 family protein genes, designated Cm14-3-3 genes, were cloned and characterized in this study. Degenerate primers were designed based on the consensus sequences of 14-3-3 family genes from different dicotyledonous plants and used to amplify the corresponding genes in muskmelons. Three different 14-3-3 family genes, #4, #15, and #39, have been identified. The full-length transcripts of these genes were further cloned by 5’- and 3’-RACE. Currently, #4, #15 and #39 have been fully sequenced and sub-cloned for over-expression in bacteria. The three Cm14-3-3 genes share less than 81 % nucleotide sequence similarities, demonstrating that there are at least three different Cm14-3-3 family genes present in muskmelon genome. These different Cm14-3-3 proteins have been expressed in Escherichia coli, purified, and used to raise specific antisera with potential applications in future breeding programs against viral diseases. The involvement of different Cm14-3-3 proteins in virus-resistance phenotype will further be analyzed by semi-quantitative PCR in different varieties of wax-gourd, squash, and muskmelon. It is expected that these 14-3-3 family proteins may serve as molecular markers for breeding programs and provide further insights into the mechanisms of resistance against viral infections.
29
GUO, HONG-ZHAN, and 郭鴻展. "Studies on sex expression and screening of powdery midew resistance of muskmelon and their heredity." Thesis, 1987. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/25476651854159832263.
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Tsay, Yann-Ru, and 蔡燕如. "Effects of Benzyladenine on te Carbon Metaboism and Tissue Anatomy of Muskmelon (Cucumis meo L.) Leaves." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57005189584152686375.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
植物學系
85
During the development period of muskmelon, the photo-synthetic rate of the upper leaves decreased apparently. The export of photoassimilates in upper leaves was reduced and un-able transported to the fruit sufficiently, and resulted in the slow growth rate of fruit. Our purpose here is to improve the photo- synthetic rate in order to increase the content of sucrose in leaves, to supply sufficient carbon, and to refine the quality of muskmelon.We used 30 ppm of benzyladenine (BA) to treat the plant that is 7-day after anthesis. The result indicates that both leaf area and biomass of the BA-treated plants are much higher more then the control. Referred to the tissue anatomy, the leaf thickness of the BA-treated plants increases obviously. This is because that BA can promote leaf cells to absorb more water, and as a result, to enlarge the cells. Besides, the number of the chloroplast also increases suggesting an improved photosyn-thetic rate.As for carbon metabolism, the sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activity of the BA-treated plant is higher than that of the control. The activity approaches to the maximum on the 15th day after BA-treated, but gradually diminishes until fruit gath-ering indicating that the rate of sucrose synthesis decreases. However, the content of sucrose in the BA-treated leaves in-crease evidently. Our result suggests that sucrose is accumu-lated in the leaves and fails to transport to the fruits. So, the quality of the fruit reduces. As to the aspect of sucrose degra-dation, the activity of the neutral invertase in the BA-treated plant increase and the content of hexose increase consequently. The increased concentration of hexose can provide sufficient carbon source for the leaves to grow.Our conclusion is that plants treated with BA can avoid leaves from senescence. Is can also increase photosynthetic rate of the leaves, and furthermore, promote sucrose accumula-tion in leaves. But it cannot provide abundant sucrose for de-veloping fruit. And the weight of the fruit decreases conse-quently. So, if we treated the plant with 30 ppm of BA 7-days after anthesis, we still cannot refine the quality of fruit. Whether it is a question of the inadequate treating period is still a doubt and needs further research.
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LIU, GING-SHUI, and 劉清水. "Physiological characteristics of organogensis and biochemical adaptation to hypoxia stress in tissue culture of two muskmelon varieties." Thesis, 1988. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/89309885936066112035.
Full text
32
Lian, Huey-Ruey, and 連慧瑞. "Effects of sink strength on photosynthetic rate and sucrose metabolism of the muskmelon leaves(Cucumis melo L.)." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/13411815757132274094.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
植物學系
85
To change the ratio of the source(leaf) and sink(fruit), muskmelon in greenhouse were taken non-fruiting(Fu0), one fruit remained(Fu1), and two fruit remained(Fu2) treatments during the pollination stage. The influences of photosynthetic rate and sucrose metabolism were investigated in terms of above treatments. The study results were stated below.The results showed that photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of Fu1 and Fu2 were higher than Fu0 and the contents of sucrose and starch were accumulated. The activity of sucrose synthase was increased during the fruiting stage. However, the photosynthetic rate、Rubisco activity、sucrose phosphate synthase activity、 starch content、and chlorophyll content were decreased during the fruiting stage. There were no significant difference between Fu1 and Fu2. The total fruit weight of Fu2 was higher than that of Fu1 during the fruiting stage. However, fruit sweetness was lower than that of Fu1.The photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance of Fu0 were slightly decreased after taking non- fruit treatment than those of Fu1 and Fu2. The activities of Rubisco and sucrose synthase and contents of starch and chlorophyll were not different after taking non-fruiting treatment. The content of sucrose and activities of sucrose phosphate synthase were not significantly different among Fu0、 Fu1 and Fu2.The results also found that photosynthetic rate was positively correlated with stomatal conductance and negatively correlated with starch content, however, it was not correlated with Rubisco activity. The export of assimilates was not correlated with the activity of sucrose phosphate synthase and the content of sucrose.
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Yu, Jih-Zu, and 余志儒. "Resistance to Aphis gossypii Glover among muskmelon cultivars ct on the development and fecundity of parasitoid, Aphelinus mali Haldman." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79527951256729909731.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
昆蟲學系
82
Resistance to cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover was compared among muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) cultivars, Tainan 8 (TN.8), Tainan 9 (TN.9) and Autumn favor (C.T.), to assess the possibility of controlling cotton aphid by using aphid- resistant cultivar and parasitoid, Aphelinus mali Haldeman. Results revealed that TN.8 was the most susceptible cultivar, while TN.9 and C.T. were resistant with antibiosis effect of the development and reproduction of cotton aphid by no choice test. In free choice test, the highest population score was found on TN.8 for each aphid colony, and the lowes was on TN.9 at 5 days after aphid released. Results from these two tests suggested that TN.9 was more resistant that C.T.. Both of them could delay the population increment of cotton aphid with antibiosis and antixenosis. The influence of preconditioning host cultivars showed significant difference among various aphid conlonies which tamed from three different mudkmelon cultivars, respectively. on the longevity and body weight of apterous adult when tested on C.T., number of progeny produced per adult on TN.8, and survival rate of progeny on all cultivars. Host conditioning influenced antixenosis of C.T. by exhibiting the same level as Tn.9 when tested with preconditioned aphid colony of TN.8. but was lower than TN.9 when tested with the other two colonies, and the odor preference to host plant cultivars. Population growth ofsypii in field showed the slowest on TN.9, may delay the population increment of the cotton aphid. Aphid-resistant muskmelon cultivars had no negative impact on A. mali. No matter the host aphids werer from aphid-resistant or suscceptible mudkmelon cultivars.Resistant cultivars may complement the activity of the parasitoid in reducing cotton aphid. The compatibility between aphid-resistant mudkmelon cultivars and parasitoid is good, therefore, it can be incorporated in the integrated pest management program for controllong the cotton aphid population on muskmelon.
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Ferryanto, Aditya, and 馮錦來. "Effect of Cotyledon, Light and Low Temperature on the Grafted Plant Growth of Muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) ‘Yin Hui’." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/yjgfsz.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系所
107
Abstract The muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) is a popular and important fruit worldwide. Grafting is performed to increase plant growth, improve fruit quality, prevent difficulties owing to continuous cropping, avoid soil-borne disease, and increase tolerance to environmental stress. The cotyledons of the rootstock are very important during healing and acclimatization. The average survival rates for 5 rootstocks following grafting with two cotyledons were higher than those for one-cotyledon grafting, at around 81.7% and 69.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, the average survival rate following no-cotyledon grafting was 76.1%, which was higher than that for one-cotyledon grafting. Overall, grafting with two cotyledons resulted in better growth in all rootstocks as compared with one-cotyledon grafting after 21 days in field. When grafted plant cultured in field, ‘Hei Pi’ and ‘Yin Hua’ oriental pickling melon as rootstocks, the male flower was appeared early. Pumpkin as rootstock was the best growth with one or two cotyledons. Grafting with no cotyledon leaves resulted in better growth during healing and acclimatization with similar family rootstocks. ‘Hei Pi’ and ‘Yin Hui’ rootstock promoting growth compared with one-cotyledon grafting and two cotyledons grafting. Meanwhile ‘Yin Hua’ rootstock promoting growth compared with one-cotyledon grafting. The effects of application of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) prior to grafting was studied ‘Yin Hui’ seedling under 9B (100% blue) and 7R1G1B (red 85%, green 7%, blue 8%) LED treatment was obtained was obtained 100% grafting survival rate. Seedlings under 7R1G1B had significantly better growth than control in terms of height and true leaves, and its flowering day was sooner. When LEDs were applied during healing, all light treatments resulted in significantly higher survival rates than those of plants grown under darkness (45%), with rates of greater than 80% with ‘Yin Hua’ rootstock and 70% with ‘Zhuang Shi’ rootstock. Meanwhile, 9R (100% red) and 7R1G1B light treatment resulted in better growth in terms of true leaves, fresh and dry weights, and plant leaf area with ‘Yin Hua’ rootstock. WW (100% white) promoted growth of ‘Zhuang Shi’ with respect to diameter, fresh weight, plant leaf area and soil plant analysis development (SPAD). Six pumpkin cultivars and four grafting rootstocks were studied to assess the effects of a low temperature level and chilling injury on muskmelon grafting. The results for ‘Tie Jia’ showed that it was tolerant to low temperature, with increases in malondialdehyde (MDA) and soluble leakage of 2.2 µmol/g FW and 6%, a decrease of 50% in water absorption, and decreases of 2.6 and 0.02 in SPAD and Fv/Fm as compared with plants grown under normal temperatures. With regards to antioxidant activities, superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased by 21.6 U/g FW, while decreases of 0.2 U/min.g FW and 0.2 U/min.g FW were observed in catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX). In terms of growth, the dry weight of ‘Tie Jia’ decreased by 0.5 g, while its diameter increased by 0.1 mm as compared with plants grown under normal temperatures. Grafting with pumpkin rootstocks showed lower survival rate and compatibility than ‘Yin Hui’ rootstock in normal and chilling treatments. Chilling after grafting using ‘Xin Tu Zuo’ and ‘Tie Jia’ resulted in a survival rate of around 51% and 60% and the growth was significant higher than ‘Yin Hui’ rootstock. Their growth during chilling after grafting showed decreasing 2.6 g and 6.0 g in dry weight compared with plants grown under normal temperatures. Grafting with ‘Xin Tu Zuo’ and ‘Tie Jia’ significantly resulted high diameter, dry weight, plant vigor and accelerated its male and female flowering day compared with ‘Yin Hui’ rootstock. In chilling after healing, all pumpkin rootstocks decreased 1.9-3.0 g, meanwhile ‘Yin Hui’ resulted increasing 2.3 g in dry weight compared with plants grown under normal temperatures. Grafting with ‘Xin Tu Zuo’ and ‘Tie Jia’ resulted significant higher diameter, dry weight, plant vigor and significant accelerated its male flowering day compared with ‘Yin Hui’ rootstock. The results showed that using ‘Xin Tu Zuo’ and ‘Tie Jia’ pumpkin performed best of the rootstocks examined when subjected to chilling damage during grafting.
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Hsu, Fu-Shiang, and 許富翔. "Studies on the Possible Physiological Effects of Continued Application of MR Formulation on Muskmelon(Cucumis Meloncv. Non-Fa No.38)." Thesis, 1994. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50951370934276036143.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
植物病理學研究所
82
The development of MR (methionine and riboflavin) formulation is a first successful attempt in the world of using photodynamic biocidal food constituents as main ingredients for the fungicide applications. One of the unique features of MR as a fungicidal formulation is that it is not likely to cause residual toxicity problems and thus is environmentally safe in the practical field application for disease control. The initial discovery of the microbial toxicity of MR was made by Tzeng and DeVay in 1984. During the past 10 years, a lot of efforts have been devoted to elucidate the involved molecular basis of the microbicidal activity; and a series of field trials have demonstrated the practical value of the developed concoction as a disease control agent. The formulation is currently on the process of commercialization in Taiwan, for the powdery mildew control on cucurbits, through the efforts of American Cyanamid Co. Taiwan Subsidiary However, so far the possible physiological or ecological impact of continued application of this novel fungicidal formulation remains largely to be explored. With this in mind, the purpose of this investigation was thus aimed at evaluating the possible physiological effects of a plant due to continued application of MR formulation. Using greenhouse grown muskmelons (Cucumis melon cv. Non-Fa No.38) as test meterial, possible important foliar function changes were monitored after the application of MR. Through the course of this study, none of the test plants showed observable morphological damages due to MR application. But, it was first noted that after each MR application, there was always a transient increase of ethylene production and proline contenet in treated foliar tissues indicating the presence of certain stressful effect due to the treatment. On the contrary, the stomatal conductivity as well as the contents of free amino acid, soluble protein, and chlorophyll were all not affected; and membrane permeability of the foliar tissues, as reflected by the electrolyte leakage detection, also seemed to remain normal. A followed SDS-PAGE analysis of the soluble proteins, however, revealed a transient increase of a 90kD protein in the MR treated foliar tissue. And a continued HPLC analysis of the free amino contents further indicated a transient surge of glycine content in accompany to the mentioned ethlene and proline increament. Although the plausible reason and the significance of changes of glycine metabolism all remained to be elucidated, the above results indicated clearly the lack of substantial, unrecoverable deteriorative effect on the vital function of test plants due to the MR application. As a photodynamic biocidal agent, the effectivity of MR formulation for disease control resides mainly upon the production of various activated oxygen species. The lack of detectable damaging effect from MR treated foliar tissues implicated the existence of efficient protective mechanisms for the toxigenic oxygen species in the plant tissue. In order to learn how the test plants survive the oxygen toxicity associated with MR application, the changes of enzymatic as well as nonenzymatic biomolecules known to be of great potential in contributing to the defense mechanism of the MR treated foliar tissues were examined. In Mr treated foliar tissue, we noted that the activities of ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and superoxide dismutase were not affected throughout two consecutive MR applications. The activity of peroxidase activity, however, significantly increased. Isozyme analysis by isolelectric frcusing electrophoresis further indicated that the change was mainly due to the increased activity of an isozyme at pI 10.0. In contrast to this, a transient decrease of catalase activity was detected from the foliar tissues after each MR treatment. Activity of this enzyme generally resume the level as the control plants 3 days after MR application. Analysis of the contained isozymes by Native PAGE, however, indicated a change of electrophoretic mobility of these enzyme molecules. In the same experiment, results obtained from HPLC analysis further revealed the lack of effect of MR treatment on contents of reduced form glutathione and carotenoid in foliar tissues, although a slight but significant decrease of oxidized form glutathione and ascorbate were both detected from test leaves after MR application. From the above discussed evidences, it seems clear that certain changes of active oxygen defensing biomolecules do exist in MR treated foliar tissue. However, except peroxidase which appeared to have somewhat prolonged effect during a two consecutive weeks experimental periol, the effect on other tested enzymatic or non-enzymatic molecules all appeared to be instant and rather transient. The lack of prolonged effect among these test biomolcules suggested that the protective effect of test plants resided mainly on the preexisting oxygen toxicity defensing mechanisms. What worth to mention more is that the increased activity of peroxidase and an accompanied decrease of catalase activity appeared to be common feature recently known to be associated with certain plants with systemically acquired resistance (SAR). Although whether or not this might also apply to the case of MR treated plants awaited to be explored, the evidence provided by this investigation does support fully of the use MR as an environmentally safe fungicide for field application.
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Manh, Vo Hong, and 武紅孟. "Study on organic seedling production and effects of organic fertilizer on soil properties and growth of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.)." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06621636146962434789.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立屏東科技大學
熱帶農業暨國際合作系
103
ABSTRACT Student ID: P10122024 Title of dissertation: Study on organic seedling production and effects of organic fertilizer on soil properties and growth of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) Total page: 185 pages Name of Institute: Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology Graduate date: January 8th, 2015 Degree Conferred: Doctoral Degree Name of student: Vo Hong Manh Advisor: Chong-Ho Wang, Ph.D. The content of abstract in this dissertation: The study was carried out for two consecutive years (2012-2013 and 2013-2014) at National Pingtung University of Science and Technology. The present study objectives (1) to evaluate the effects to difference material sources in substrate on nutrient uptake and growth of muskmelon seedling under greenhouse; (2) to investigate the responds of muskmelon seedling to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation in substrate under greenhouse condition; (3) to evaluate the effects of organic sources on nutrient uptake, growth and yield of muskmelon and (4) to know the impacts of various sources of organics on properties of the acid soil in pots under net house condition. These contents of study include two parts. First part, we evaluated the influences of mixture of vermicompost with burnt rice hulls and/or coconut husk on physical and chemical properties of substrates and their effects nutrient uptake and growth of muskmelon seedling, contemporaneous investigating two species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mossea (Gm), Glomus etunicatum (Ge)) inoculation in substrates on nutrient uptake and muskmelon seedling performance. Second part, we investigated the effects of the application rates of cattle and poultry manure compost and their combination with chemical fertilizer compound on the soil chemical properties, and nutrient uptake, growth of muskmelon plant under net house condition in two consecutive seasons (autumn –winter 2013 and spring 2014). These results indicated that (i) the mixture of vermicompost with burnt rice hull and coconut husk resulted increasing in the pH, EC, total and aeration porosity, bulk density and inorganic N, available P, Ca, Mg content (extracted by pure water) in substrates, in which it caused reducing in water holding capacity, mass wetness and content of K, Mn, Zn, and Cu. Vermicompost amendment did not affect the Cu and Zn concentration in the shoot but significantly influenced N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentration in the shoot. The addition of vermicompost to substrates up to 30-35 % increased seedling dry weight and leaf area in both experiment. And mixture of vermicompost with 30 % ratio in burn rice hull (35 %) and coconut husk (35%) gave the best condition of physicochemical characteristic of substrate resulted in improving muskmelon seedling performance. (ii) Inoculation of both AMF species in substrates significantly increased concentrations of total N, K, Ca, Mg and Mn in the shoot but did not enhance uptake of P and other elements. The AMF inoculated muskmelon seedling was higher shoot fresh and dry weight and leaf area compared to control. (iii) In the first season, application of cattle and poultry manure compost raised pH, EC, organic matter content, inorganic-N, Bray-P, exchangeable K, Ca and Mg content in the soil. In equivalent application rates, poultry manure compost was more efficient for muskmelon growth compared to cattle manure compost because poultry manure compost improve pH, EC, organic matter content and some nutrient elements (Ca, Mg) better than those CMC. There were large excess amounts of P, K, Ca, and Mg in soil after harvesting, may be explained based on Liebig's Law of the minimum. In this situation, inorganic-N is a yield-limiting factor. Although the composts application significantly increased the available P, K, Ca, and Mg in soil, a lack of inorganic-N resulted plants could not uptake other elements. (iv) In the second season, there was a large residual effect of cattle and poultry manure compost application rates on soil properties and muskmelon plant growth. The increasing in the pH, EC, Inorganic-N, bray-P, exchangeable cations and organic matter contents in the soil clearly expressed, compared to control and in the first season application. The greatest difference of second season was the applications of single compost significantly raise muskmelon growth compared to muskmelon receiving an equal amount of N through treatments combination with chemical fertilizer in the second season application. The application of single compost resulted higher soil inorganic-N, Bray-I-P and exchangeable K, Ca, Mg content as well as concentration of total P, K, Ca, Mg in the leaf compared control and first season; and all increased N utilization efficiency by muskmelon, suggesting that yield-limiting factors other than N deficiencies were of lesser importance than in the treatments receiving chemical fertilizer. Nutrients other than N applied via the both composts, particularly P, Mg and/or soil pH, may have contributed to the higher growth of muskmelon plant in treatments receiving single compost. Cattle and poultry manure composts amendments can be viewed as important step for sustainable land management with increased productivity.
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Lin, Siang-Jhih, and &;#63988;&;#64026;智. "Study on the nutrient solution, prunning and continuous cropping obstacle in verticle culture of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. var inodorous Naud)." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38775753571146184240.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中興大學
園藝學系所
102
In order to produce high quality melons, a fruit with a high economic value, methods such as pruning and verticle trellising, drip-irrigation with nutrient solutions, and soilless techniques have been used to increase the yield. Due to the cultivation of melons often experiencing the continuous cropping problems, good crop rotation in the same soil for a period of years is required. Therefore, development of a method that can overcome the continuous cropping obstacle when growing melons is needed. muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) ‘Honey World’ was grown in Yamazaki’s nutrient solution. With pruning treatment with dual stems by retaining two secondary vines, a 100 % fruit set rate was achieved at nodes 11-13 on the secondary vines. With one stem unpruned and the other pruned, an increased pruned degree of the secondary vines resulted in a significant decrease in the fruit set rate. With pruning treatment with only one retained (control), the fruit set rate was the lowest-only 15-20 % was achieved. The group with dual stems had the highest fresh weight, dry weight, leaf area of the whole plant, and number of leaves (234.5 g, 47.6 g, 18486.9 cm2 and 58 leaves, respectively). In addition, in this treatment, the additional lateral brenches with fruits set had the highest contents of soluble sugar and starch in their index leaves, which were 12.3 and 11.7 mg/g, respectively. The fruit weight and flesh thickness were 1452.3 g and 3.21 cm, respectively. In contrast, the fruit growth was decreased with an increasing pruned degree of the secondary vines, the fruit weight and flesh thickness in the control (with single stem) being 981.5g and 2.95 cm, respectively. The sugar content of the fruit was increased along with the reduced fruit weight, the control group having the highest total soluble solid (TSS) of 16.0 &;#8728;Brix, and the lowest TSS at 14.3 &;#8728;Brix. The study tested the effect of KCl when used to replace KNO3 in Yamazaki’s nutrient solution, including the KNO3 all being replaced with KCl, or with 1/2 KNO3 being replaced with KCl. The stem diameters, plant heights, leaf areas and chlorophyll contents of the plants in these two KCl replacement treatments were significantly lower than those of the control. Meanwhile, in these two treatments, the fruit set rates at nodes 11-13 could still reach up to 100 %, and the soluble sugar content was 13.7 mg/g, which was significantly higher than that of the control. However, the starch contents were lower than that in the control. In all KNO3 treatments, the fruit weight and flesh thickness were lowest, and in 1/2 KNO3 treatment, the fruit weight and flesh thickness were not significantly different from the control. The TSS values of the fruitsin these two KCl treatments were highest, reaching up to 15 &;#8728;Brix. When drip-irrigation was applied with nutrient solutions of 1/2 KNO3 and 1/2 KCl,the effect on the number of leaves remaining above the fruit set node of the ‘Honey World’ melon was compared. Among 12, 15 and 18 leaves remaining above the fruit set node, 12 and 15 leaves had the highest fresh and dry weights, leaf area, and chlorophyll contents. The soluble sugar and starch contents in the leaves above the fruit set node of the main stem were correlated with the number of leaves remaining above the fruit set node, while the value of the top leaf were not significantly different among the different numbers of leaves remaining. 15 leaves remaining above the fruit set position resulted in the highest fruit weight, flesh thickness, and TSS, which were 1641.9 g, 2.5 cm and 14.0 &;#8728;Brix, repectively. The effect of continuous cropping was studies by testing the inhibition ability of the culture medium extract on the germination percent of ‘Golden lady’ and ‘Honey World’ melon seeds. Using culture medium extract that had been used to grow melon plants 1-3 times, the extract from three continuous croppings showed that medium with increased numbers of continuous croppings resulted in a lower germination rate, the germination rate being 15 % for ‘Golden lady’ seeds and only 8 % for ‘Honey World’ seeds. When the continuous croppings medium was used to culture seedlings, medium with an increased number of continuous cropping showed a higher inhibition effect on plant growth. An increased number of continuous croppings was significantly correlated with reduced fresh and dry weights of the plants: ‘Golden lady’ was reduced from 3.55 g and 0.41 g to 0.21 g, respectively, and ‘Honey World’ was redused from 3.57 g and 0.40 g to 2.41 g and 0.22 g, respectively. The effect of flooding and microbial inoculation were also investigated. New medium with 2-day flooding had no effect on the fresh and dry weights of the plant as compared with the control: ‘Golden lady’ was 82.6 g and 12.6 g, respectively, and‘Honey World’ was 92.7 g and 24.1 g, respectively. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameter ΔFv/Fm (the maximum photosynthetic rate) of the fruit set leaf was highest under control, with medium with 2-day flooding and with trichoderma inoculation:‘Golden lady’ could be maintained at 0.78~0.83 in the growing period, and ‘Honey World’ was 0.80. When the medium had been used for continuous cropping one time, theΔFv/Fm value decined to 0.73 for ‘Golden lady’ and 0.72 for ‘Honey World’. At 70 days after transplanting of ‘Golden lady’ and ‘Honey World’ seedlings, medium with one continuous cropping cycle and after 2 days of flooding treatment showed the best chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (highestΔFv/Fm, ETR, qP and lowest NPQ values), which were no different from those of the control. Medium with one continuous cropping cycle and after 2 days of flooding treatment resulted in a similar fruit weight and TSS to the control: ‘Golden lady’ was 431.3 g and 15.5 &;#8728;Brix, and ‘Honey World’ was 832.3 g and 12.7 &;#8728;Brix. The medium total phenolic compound (TPC) content in the medium at different distances to the hypocotyl was analyzed. Before cropping, medium close at close (< 10 cm) to the hypocotyls had the lowest TPC content of 29.4~27.5 &;#181;g/g, and the pH was 6.24, and at a distance of 10-20 cm from the hypocotyls, the TPC content washigher, at 57.4~56.1 &;#181;g/g. After continuous cropping, the TPC content was reduced to 15.4~16.3 &;#181;g/g in the medium with 2-day flooding treatment; the pH was 6.7 and the Electrical conductivity (EC) was 0.3~0.4 ds/m. The effects of different treatment methods on the TPC content of the medium content was also investigated. Using medium after one continuous cropping cycle, the TPC content was increased to 80.1 &;#181;g/g; one continuous cropping cycle and one microbial inoculation could reduce the TPC content to 50.9~74.5 &;#181;g/g. Flooding treatment did not affect the accumulated TPC content, which was 28.2 &;#181;g/g. After 3 months of storage and with trichoderma and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) inoculations, the TPC in the medium was degraded significantly by 20.6~26.0 %. With continuous cropping medium with 2-days flooding treatment, no significant degradation effect was seen. When medium with 2 and 3 continuoul cropping cycle was used, the TPC content in the medium was increased with increased numbers of cycles. Using HPLC to analyze the aromatic acids in the medium and root tissues of two melon cultivars, the root tissues were found to contain gallic acid, ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid and m-hydroxybenzoic acid, the continuous cropping medium contained gallic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid.
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Sung, Chia-Chen, and 宋佳貞. "Studies on the transformation of muskmelon using coat protein genes of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus and Papaya ringspot virus type W." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60617608702642998027.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄師範大學
生物科技系
96
Muskmelon is one of most important agricultural products in Taiwan. During the cultivation period, it is often infected by several viruses, especially the Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) and Papaya ringspot virus watermelon type (PRSV-W). In fact, these two viruses have caused serious damage to the cultivation of muskmelon, and have been the major limitation to muskmelon cultivation. Recently, because of the development of biotechnology on plant genetic transformation, we can apply this technique to buid up the level of disease-resistance in the plant. In this research, the regenerate rates of various cultivars of muskmelons by the cotyledon tissue culture were investigated. Vectors containing the CP genes of both ZYMV and PRSV-W, or PRSV-W alone were constructed. The constructed vectors were introduced into muskmelon by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using 620 cotyledons as explants. After selecting from MS media with 100 mg/L kanamycin, 14 putative transgenic lines were obtained. Genomic DNA from these 14 transgenic lines were extracted and analyzed the insertion by PCR. One line (line 8) containing fragments of the CP coding regions of ZYMV and PRSV-W, and the other line(line 14) containing fragments of the CP coding regions of PRSV-W were obtained. After subcloning these two lines (line 8 and 14) by tissue culture, a series of line 8 ramet (8-1, 8-2, 8-3, 8-4, 8-5) and line 14 ramet (14-1, 14-2, 14-3, 14-4) were obtained. The existence and expression of the inserted CP genes were confirmed by PCR, RT-PCR and ELISA. Lines 8-2, 14-1 and 8-3 were mechanically inoculated with PRSV-W and ZYMV separately to evaluate the virus resistance and the infection was analyzed by ELISA and symptom development. For lines 8-2 and 14-1, the first and obvious symptoms can be observed 9-days later than that of non-transformed control. Line 8-3 showed 8-day delay each for the first and obvious symptom developed. In conclusion, this research revealed that the symptom development of the transgenic muskmelons with viral CP genes could be positively delayed. Thus, it can be an essential reference to breeding the resistant lines of the muskmelon, and an effective way to achieve the goal of preventing infection by the viruses.
39
Lin, Siang-Jhih, and 林祥智. "Study on the nutrient solution, prunning and continuous cropping obstacle in verticle culture of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. var inodorous Naud)." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60955509269408081920.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
園藝學系所
102
In order to produce high quality melons, a fruit with a high economic value, methods such as pruning and verticle trellising, drip-irrigation with nutrient solutions, and soilless techniques have been used to increase the yield. Due to the cultivation of melons often experiencing the continuous cropping problems, good crop rotation in the same soil for a period of years is required. Therefore, development of a method that can overcome the continuous cropping obstacle when growing melons is needed. muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) ‘Honey World’ was grown in Yamazaki’s nutrient solution. With pruning treatment with dual stems by retaining two secondary vines, a 100 % fruit set rate was achieved at nodes 11-13 on the secondary vines. With one stem unpruned and the other pruned, an increased pruned degree of the secondary vines resulted in a significant decrease in the fruit set rate. With pruning treatment with only one retained (control), the fruit set rate was the lowest-only 15-20 % was achieved. The group with dual stems had the highest fresh weight, dry weight, leaf area of the whole plant, and number of leaves (234.5 g, 47.6 g, 18486.9 cm2 and 58 leaves, respectively). In addition, in this treatment, the additional lateral brenches with fruits set had the highest contents of soluble sugar and starch in their index leaves, which were 12.3 and 11.7 mg/g, respectively. The fruit weight and flesh thickness were 1452.3 g and 3.21 cm, respectively. In contrast, the fruit growth was decreased with an increasing pruned degree of the secondary vines, the fruit weight and flesh thickness in the control (with single stem) being 981.5g and 2.95 cm, respectively. The sugar content of the fruit was increased along with the reduced fruit weight, the control group having the highest total soluble solid (TSS) of 16.0 ∘Brix, and the lowest TSS at 14.3 ∘Brix. The study tested the effect of KCl when used to replace KNO3 in Yamazaki’s nutrient solution, including the KNO3 all being replaced with KCl, or with 1/2 KNO3 being replaced with KCl. The stem diameters, plant heights, leaf areas and chlorophyll contents of the plants in these two KCl replacement treatments were significantly lower than those of the control. Meanwhile, in these two treatments, the fruit set rates at nodes 11-13 could still reach up to 100 %, and the soluble sugar content was 13.7 mg/g, which was significantly higher than that of the control. However, the starch contents were lower than that in the control. In all KNO3 treatments, the fruit weight and flesh thickness were lowest, and in 1/2 KNO3 treatment, the fruit weight and flesh thickness were not significantly different from the control. The TSS values of the fruitsin these two KCl treatments were highest, reaching up to 15 ∘Brix. When drip-irrigation was applied with nutrient solutions of 1/2 KNO3 and 1/2 KCl,the effect on the number of leaves remaining above the fruit set node of the ‘Honey World’ melon was compared. Among 12, 15 and 18 leaves remaining above the fruit set node, 12 and 15 leaves had the highest fresh and dry weights, leaf area, and chlorophyll contents. The soluble sugar and starch contents in the leaves above the fruit set node of the main stem were correlated with the number of leaves remaining above the fruit set node, while the value of the top leaf were not significantly different among the different numbers of leaves remaining. 15 leaves remaining above the fruit set position resulted in the highest fruit weight, flesh thickness, and TSS, which were 1641.9 g, 2.5 cm and 14.0 ∘Brix, repectively. The effect of continuous cropping was studies by testing the inhibition ability of the culture medium extract on the germination percent of ‘Golden lady’ and ‘Honey World’ melon seeds. Using culture medium extract that had been used to grow melon plants 1-3 times, the extract from three continuous croppings showed that medium with increased numbers of continuous croppings resulted in a lower germination rate, the germination rate being 15 % for ‘Golden lady’ seeds and only 8 % for ‘Honey World’ seeds. When the continuous croppings medium was used to culture seedlings, medium with an increased number of continuous cropping showed a higher inhibition effect on plant growth. An increased number of continuous croppings was significantly correlated with reduced fresh and dry weights of the plants: ‘Golden lady’ was reduced from 3.55 g and 0.41 g to 0.21 g, respectively, and ‘Honey World’ was redused from 3.57 g and 0.40 g to 2.41 g and 0.22 g, respectively. The effect of flooding and microbial inoculation were also investigated. New medium with 2-day flooding had no effect on the fresh and dry weights of the plant as compared with the control: ‘Golden lady’ was 82.6 g and 12.6 g, respectively, and‘Honey World’ was 92.7 g and 24.1 g, respectively. The chlorophyll fluorescence parameter ΔFv/Fm (the maximum photosynthetic rate) of the fruit set leaf was highest under control, with medium with 2-day flooding and with trichoderma inoculation:‘Golden lady’ could be maintained at 0.78~0.83 in the growing period, and ‘Honey World’ was 0.80. When the medium had been used for continuous cropping one time, theΔFv/Fm value decined to 0.73 for ‘Golden lady’ and 0.72 for ‘Honey World’. At 70 days after transplanting of ‘Golden lady’ and ‘Honey World’ seedlings, medium with one continuous cropping cycle and after 2 days of flooding treatment showed the best chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (highestΔFv/Fm, ETR, qP and lowest NPQ values), which were no different from those of the control. Medium with one continuous cropping cycle and after 2 days of flooding treatment resulted in a similar fruit weight and TSS to the control: ‘Golden lady’ was 431.3 g and 15.5 ∘Brix, and ‘Honey World’ was 832.3 g and 12.7 ∘Brix. The medium total phenolic compound (TPC) content in the medium at different distances to the hypocotyl was analyzed. Before cropping, medium close at close (< 10 cm) to the hypocotyls had the lowest TPC content of 29.4~27.5 µg/g, and the pH was 6.24, and at a distance of 10-20 cm from the hypocotyls, the TPC content washigher, at 57.4~56.1 µg/g. After continuous cropping, the TPC content was reduced to 15.4~16.3 µg/g in the medium with 2-day flooding treatment; the pH was 6.7 and the Electrical conductivity (EC) was 0.3~0.4 ds/m. The effects of different treatment methods on the TPC content of the medium content was also investigated. Using medium after one continuous cropping cycle, the TPC content was increased to 80.1 µg/g; one continuous cropping cycle and one microbial inoculation could reduce the TPC content to 50.9~74.5 µg/g. Flooding treatment did not affect the accumulated TPC content, which was 28.2 µg/g. After 3 months of storage and with trichoderma and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) inoculations, the TPC in the medium was degraded significantly by 20.6~26.0 %. With continuous cropping medium with 2-days flooding treatment, no significant degradation effect was seen. When medium with 2 and 3 continuoul cropping cycle was used, the TPC content in the medium was increased with increased numbers of cycles. Using HPLC to analyze the aromatic acids in the medium and root tissues of two melon cultivars, the root tissues were found to contain gallic acid, ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid and m-hydroxybenzoic acid, the continuous cropping medium contained gallic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and ρ-hydroxybenzoic acid.
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Wang, I.-Jung, and 王義鎔. "To Apply DOE Techniques in Improving Yield Rate of Agricultural Products - A Case Study of Muskmelon of L Township, Pingtung, Taiwan." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/jz77rc.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
企業管理系所
106
Taiwan's fruit types are numerous and delicious, but the overuse of pesticides has caused the pesticide residues to endanger the health of the residents. It has also caused the farmers to work with safety concern in unsafe planting environments. Modern crops have therefore developed a exquisite agricultural style and they are pursuing safe use of pesticides. The concept of friendly planting with healthy agriculture laws, however, exquisite agriculture requires a high cost of investment, which is a great pressure on farmers. Therefore, this paper aims at greenhouse planting, discusses how to reduce costs, and improves the yield of agricultural products, so that farmers can get the maximum benefit. , Let safe greenhouse planting be sustainable. This study used the "Design of Experiments" (DOE, Design of Experiments) method and 6 standard deviations (6 Sigma) of the DMAIC procedure to identify the factors affecting the plant yield rate during the planting process. Using Linear Graph to determine the relation among experimental factors, followed by Using the DOE software, the first-stage experimental factors were organized and analyzed. After the experiment, the experimental data obtained that was made into the average comparison table, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) accurately. Then, using the ANOVA analysis and the degree of contribution of the Pareto analysis to find out two very significant factor, illumination and moisture control that were the basis of the second stage Experiment. According to the main factor levels' average response graph to find the most suitable range and combinations, as the production operation conditions to be set in experimental planting. When the experiment is completed, the optimum operating conditions will be obtained, and submitted to the A case farm and for reproductive experimental planting. After the completion of the two-year reproduction experimental operation, yield rate from 72% -76% to 86% - 92% , very significant improvement were observed, to confirm the effectiveness of the experiment design.
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SHI, CHUN-JIAN, and 施純堅. "Effects of salt and organic matter content on the growth, development and fruit quality of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) in penghu island." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79126070474206947509.
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Lee, pao-huang, and 李寶煌. "Population densities of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) on the muskmelon and the effect of releasing Delphastus catalinae (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on the fruit production." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14802901300064567771.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
昆蟲學系
90
ABSTRACT The population densities fluctuation of the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii on a net house of muskmelon in spring crop peaked from early July. In autumn crop peaked from med-October. The attractiveness of different colors sticky trap on B. argentifolii adults. The results obtained from the field trials indicated that green（1060.5 whiteflies/trap） and yellow（1024.3 whiteflies/trap）sticky traps were highly effective to attract B. argentifolii adults. Number of B. argentifolii adults trapped on yellow sticky trap at various periods on muskmelon. The results showed that between 10 and 12 A.M. about 28.9﹪were attractiveness by the yellow sticky trap, between 18 and 06 P.M.andA.M. only 2.0﹪. The attractiveness of different colors sticky trap to B. argentifolii adults on different high level. The results showed that green（1236 whiteflies/trap） and yellow（1168 whiteflies/trap）sticky trap were highly effective to attract B. argentifolii adults on 20㎝ height. 150㎝ height at least. In low whiteflies density infesting muskmelon experiment‚ two‚ three‚ and four pair beetles /plant of D. catalinae adults were released in muskmelon plant. Ten weeks after releasing of the beetle‚ the mean number of B. argentifolii were significantly different among the treatment. In high whiteflies density experiment‚ two‚ three‚ and four pair beetles /plant of D. catalinae adults were released in muskmelon plant. Ten weeks after releasing of the beetle‚ the results showed that the number of B. argentifolii were significantly decreased in the release, three, and four pair beetles, but in the release two pair beetle test plants the whiteflies density significantly rose, and the fruit quantity were significantly different. The sugar content were not significantly different. Effects of leaf damage caused by B. argentifolii on the quantity and quality of muskmelon fruits. The results showed that （with Imidacloprid at 7,14 and 28 day intervals and untreated）fruit quantity were significantly different. The sugar content were not significantly different.The effects of quantity and quality of melon by release of D. catalinae during different growing stages on muskmelon. The results showed that the number of B. argentifolii were significantly decreased in the 17,Aug. release releasing of the 21,Sep. and 05,Oct. the whiteflies density significantly rose. In the quantity, the transplanting a week release releasing were significantly different, the sugar content were not significantly different. The effects of quantity and quality of melon by replicating release of D. catalinae during different growing stages on muskmelon. The results showed that the number of B. argentifolii were significantly decreased in the 17,Aug., 17,Aug. and 21,Sep. and 17,Aug. and 21,Sep. and 05,Oct. release. In the quantity were significantly different, the sugar content were not significantly different. Key words: Bemisia argentifolii‚ Delphastus catalinae‚ biological control, muskmelon
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Huang, Jui-Chang, and 黃瑞彰. "The Research of applying of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungis (Glomus spp.) on the production and the development of a nursery medium for tomato and muskmelon." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66582746987471207987.
Full textAbstract:
博士國立中興大學
土壤環境科學系所
102
Abstract This experiment is attempted to evaluate inoculation of mycorrhizal fungi Funneliformis mosseae [syn. Glomus mosseae)] (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe) （G.m.） to the growth of muskmelon seedlings in the adaption period and its infection rate on different muskmelon varieties, as well as the growth of muskmelon plants after inoculation in field experiment. The investigation material demonstrated that the inoculant mycorrhiza may promote the muskmelon to live the growing trend and the promotion fruit soluble solids, only the output and the juice extraction ratios mutually to have the height. The inoculant mycorrhiza has the negative effect production, because possible the soil nutrient to produce oppresses the resistance, causes the leaf blade etiolution, then influence adult plant light synthetic product production. Because the fungus mycorrhiza needs the host plant to provide the photosynthesis product, therefore any influence photosynthesis product''s factor will affect naturally also the clump of fungus root development and the function, when the soil with will apply fertilizer the management not when will affect benefit of the inoculant mycorrhiza adult plant. Another material also discovered that the inoculant mycorrhiza may reduce the wireworm to damage, meets fungus processing to cause nearby the adult plant root circle the insects mouth number to reduce, because whether to meet the fungus adult plant to produce certain materials to suppress the wireworm to reproduce or meets the fungus reduction wireworm invasion to damage blocks its food to originate, the mechanism waits for further studying. This experiment is attempted to evaluate inoculation of endomycorrhizal fungi Claroideoglomus etunicatum[syn. Glomus etunicatum] Becker & Gerdemann)（G.e.）and Funneliformis mosseae [syn. Glomus mosseae)] (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe) （G.m.） to the growth of tomato seedlings in the adaption period and its infection rate on different tomato varieties, as well as the growth of tomato plants after inoculation in net house under stress condition. Results and effect you treatment on the growth of mycorrhizae –inoculated tomato plants indicated that the fruit yield of TSS 7 decreased under salt stress, but TCAV 10 increased . Better fruit yield was obtained is two tomato varieties inoculated with mycorrhiza whether they are under salt stress or not. When seedlings were not inoculated with mycorrhiza plus salt stress, K+ and Ca2+ in the leaves of too tomato leaves decrease but Na+ inoculated. Without mycorrhiza inoculation plus salt stress, K is the fruits of TCAV 10 increased, but decreased in TSS 7, Ca decreased in both varieties, and Na increased in both varieties. Another tests also showed that inoculation increased K+ and Ca+ absorption and decreased Na+ absorption. Thus, inoculation of mycorrhiza can improve tomato fruit quality and increase its tolerance to salt stress. If the plants were inoculated, Na+ concentration was decreased, It means that inoculated may disturb absorption of Na+. Shoots of TSS7 and TCAV10 grown under saline stress coupled with G.m. treatment showed a significant decrease in Na content (23 and 34 %, respectively), fruits(24 and 3` %, respectively), roots (29 and 13 %, respectively) as compared with non-inoculated hybrid cultivars grown under saline stress. Under stress condition without salts electorates increased roots of TSS 7 and the electorate increased in TCAV 10. However, under stress condition with salts,the electorates were all increased in all the treatments with sinificant leaking of the electorates. Residual Na in soil and relative permeability were higher in TCAV10 inoculated with G.m. under saline condition compared with the non-inoculated treatments. If the tomato plants grown in the soil under salt stress, the chlorophyll content in the leaves, is usually lower than those in the soil without salt stress whether they were inoculated with mycorrhiza or not. The experiment is attempted to develop appropriate composition of growth medium to enhence the supplement of various amount of chemical fertilizers. Results of muskmelon experiments indicated that best infection rate i.e. 66 ％ of the plants infected mycorrhiza was found in the growth medium containing coconut shell fiber （CSF）：peat moss（PM）：vermiculite（V）at 1：1：2 by volume plus inoculation of G. m. flowed by 60 ％ with CSF：V at（v/v;1:1） plus inoculation of G. e or G. m., and 39 ％ with PM：V at（v/v;1:1）plus inoculation of G. e. If G. m. is inoculated to the medium with PM：V at （v/v;1:1）, the growth of papaya and tomato plants was better than those without inoculation. However, if G. e. or G. e. + G. m. were inoculated, the growth was worse than those without inoculation. The BC was found with the highest of EC, it should be mixed with materials with low EC and high porosity . High pH was found in vermiculite, it must be mixed CSF or PM which was found with low pH. This experiment showed that the media containing CSF : PM : V at 1 : 1 : 2 ； CSF : PM at 1 : 2 and PM : V at 1 : 2 are recommended. Influence of by three different formula medium of and mold mushroom spawn to organic muskmelons, material demonstration by CSF : V at 1 : 2 plus inoculation of AMF its yield and quality mostly has the promotion effect, in the future if can in CSF : V at 1 : 2 by volume plus inoculation of AMF increases the suitable nutrient to be possible to promote the crops to be good lives the growing trend. Results indicated that best growth medium for melon plants（TN11）were observed in the medium composed of Favorit : V (v/v, 1 : 2) plus inoculation of mycorrhiza, and the poorest growth in the CSF : V (v/v, 1 : 2) without mycorrhizal inoculation . However, best growth medium for melon plants（Jieyu variety）were observed in the medium composed of CSF : V (v/v, 1 : 2) plus inoculation of mycorrhiza, and the poorest growth in the Favorit : V (v/v, 1 : 2) without mycorrhizal inoculation . However, highest yield and fruit sugar content of both varieties were observed in the medium composed of CSF : V (v/v, 1 : 2) plus inoculation of mycorrhiza, and lowest in Favorit: V (v/v, 1 : 2) without mycorrhizal inoculation.
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Huang, Jung-Chieh, and 黃榮杰. "Effects of the inoculation of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the plant growth and production of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) in Hengchun, Taiwan and Kedougou, Senegal." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87794510896555172292.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立屏東科技大學
熱帶農業暨國際合作研究所
93
Inoculation of muskmelon seeds with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae improved field performance of muskmelon in Tainan and Kaohsuing, Taiwan. In this research muskmelon seeds inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi were evaluated in Hengchun, Taiwan and Kedougou, Senegal. Muskmelon seeds were inoculated with a mixture of 75% of Glomus clarum and 25% of a combination of G. mosseae, G. etunicatum, and G. fasciculatum on a basis of spore count to examine: mycorrhizal infection rates of muskmelon seeds; seedling performance following mycorrhizal inoculation; seedling performance in different growth media with mycorrhizal inoculation; Field performance of muskmelon in Hengchun, Taiwan and Kedougou, Senegal following mycorrhizal inoculation. Results of the tests on the infection rates of muskmelon seeds shown that the infection on the seeds and three weeks after the infection was 5% and 22.5%, respectively. The 60% infection continued to increase with the increase time until it reached 100% on the 8th week after the inoculated. Based on seedling height, vine length, stem width, plant weight, and 48.75% infection, the 72-round cell and 72-square cell trays produced the best seedling growth. Coming the media tested the peat moss-based media produced the best plant growth and fungal infection. In Hengchun, Taiwan the field plots with 1/2 of the recommended phosphate application rate showed better vine growth and higher fruit production and size than those with no or full strength of phosphate application. The fruit yield in inoculated seed plots with 1/2 of the phosphate application rate was 26,858kg/ha, which was significantly higher than the fruit yield at 20,364 kg/ha in non-inoculated plots. There were no significant differences in plant growth; small plot fruit yield, fruit number, so fruit shapes; and total yield, found in inoculated and non-inoculated seed plots. The total yields in the inoculated and non-inoculated seed plots were 24,522kg/ha and 22,800kg/ha, respectively. In kedougou, Senegal, inoculated seed plots did not produce significant yield differences. In some cases, mycorrhizal inoculation can improve the yield of muskmelon.
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Chi, Ya-Wen, and 紀雅文. "Effects of High and Low Temperature Treatments on the Fatality of Eggs and Larvae of Melon Fly（Bactrocera cucurbitae, Diptera: Tephritidae）and the Analysis of Treated Muskmelon Quality." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/54532135803013207523.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立中興大學
昆蟲學系
91
The effects of high temperature (i.e., 40, 42, 44, 46, 48 and 50℃) and low temperature (i.e., -2, 0, 2 and 4℃), as well as the high temperature (40 to 46℃) and low temperature (-2 to 4℃) combination, on the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett), in post-harvested fruits were investigated in this study, and the effectiveness of various temperature treatments on the fatality of eggs, 1st and 2nd instars and the 3rd instars in fruits was evaluated. Eggs and larvae in artificial diet were used to establish the temperature-time models for killing the melon flies for the temperature regimes given above. Similar experiments were also done in muskmelon fruits (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus Naud.) to test the effectiveness of the chosen temperature treatments and compare the results with the models established in artificial diet. The relationships between the fatality of eggs and larvae and the temperature exposure time were analyzed, and the estimated LT50, LT90, LT95 and LT99 were calculated. For melon fly treated in the artificial diet, the lethal times of the most resistant stage required for 100% mortality were, respectively, 1020, 780 and 100 minutes for the 3rd instars at 40, 42 and 44℃, and 55 and 15 minutes for 1st and 2nd instars at 46 and 48℃. At 50℃, the melon fly at all stages were killed within 5 minutes. For each high temperature treatment, times required to kill the melon flies in muskmelon were longer than times required for flies in artificial diet, and the 3rd instars were the most resistant stage. The lethal times for the melon fly of the most resistant stage, i.e., 1st and 2nd instars, at low temperatures were, respectively, 144, 144, 144 and 192 hours at -2, 0, 2 and 4℃. The lethal times of low temperature treatments for melon fly in muskmelon were longer than in artificial diet, and the 3rd instars were the most resistant stage in all treatments. For the combined temperature treatments, the lethal times for the melon fly were shorter than those for the high temperature treatments; and those for fly in the muskmelon were shorter than in artificial diet. The quality of treated fruits was also analyzed in the present study by using fruit physicochmical analysis and the sensory evaluation. The results suggest the best temperatures for killing the melon fly in muskmelons without damaging fruit quality were high temperature of 46℃ for 45 minutes, low temperature of 2℃ for 168 hours as well as all of the high and low temperature combinations that designed in this study.
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(10942799), Robert Llewellyn Long. "Improving fruit soluble solids content in melon (Cucumis melo L.) (reticulatus group) in the Australian production system." Thesis, 2005. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Improving_fruit_soluble_solids_content_in_melon_Cucumis_melo_L_reticulatus_group_in_the_Australian_production_system/13421951.
Full textAbstract:
"Total soluble solids (TSS) is a reliable indicator of melon eating quality, with a minimum standard of 10% recommended. The state of Australian melon production with respect to this quality criterion was considered within seasons, between growing districts and over seasons. It was concluded that improvement in agronomic practice and varietal selection is required to produce sweeter melons. The scientific literature addressing melon physiology and agronomy was summarised, as a background to the work that is required to improve melon production practices in Australia. The effect of source sink manipulation was assessed for commercially grown and glasshouse grown melon plants. The timing of fruit thinning, pollination scheduling, the application of a growth inhibitor and source biomass removal were assessed in relation to fruit growth and sugar accumulation. Results are interpreted against a model in which fruit rapidly increase in weight until about two weeks before harvest, with sugar accumulation continuing as fruit growth ceases. Thus treatment response is very dependant on timing of application. For example, fruit thinning at 25 days before harvest resulted in further fruit set and increased fruit weight but did not impact on fruit TSS (at 9.8%, control 9.3%), while thinning at 5 days before harvest resulted in a significant (Pless than 0.05) increase in fruit TSS (to 10.8%, control 9.3%) and no increase in fruit weight or number. A cost/ benefit analysis is presented, allowing an estimation of the increase in sale price required to sustain the implementation of fruit thinning. The effect of irrigation scheduling was also considered with respect to increasing melon yield and quality. To date, recommended practice has been to cause an irrigation deficit close to fruit harvest, with the intent of 'drying out' or 'stressing' the plant, to 'bring on' maturity and increase sugar accumulation. Irrigation trials showed that keeping plants stress-free close to harvest and during harvest, facilitated the production of sweeter fruit. The maintenance of a TSS grade standard using either batch based (destructive) sampling or (non-invasive) grading of individual fruit is discussed. On-line grading of individual fruit is possible using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), but the applicability of the technique to melons has received little published attention. Tissue sampling strategy was optimised, in relation to the optical geometry used (in commercial operation in Australia), both in terms of the diameter and depth of sampled tissue. NIR calibration model performance was superior when based on the TSS of outer, rather than inner mesocarp tissue. However the linear relationship between outer and middle tissue TSS was strong (r2 = 0.8) in immature fruit, though less related in maturing fruit (r2 = 0.5). The effect of fruit storage (maturation/senescence) on calibration model performance was assessed. There was a negligible effect of fruit cold storage on calibration performance. Currently, the agronomist lacks a cost-effective tool to rapidly assess fruit TSS in the field. Design parameters for such a tool were established, and several optical front ends compared for rapid, though invasive, analysis. Further, for visualisation of the spatial distribution of tissue TSS within a melon fruit, a two-dimensional, or hyper-spectral NIR imaging system based on a low cost 8-bit charge coupled device (CCD) camera and filter arrangement, was designed and characterised." -- abstract
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MO, ZI-ZHONG, and 莫子重. "Experiment of net muskmelion grown in greenhouse." Thesis, 1988. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/01320812128663445488.
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