Journal articles on the topic 'Museums – Political aspects – Canada'
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1
Dean, David, and Peter E. Rider. "Museums, Nation and Political History in the Australian National Museum and the Canadian Museum of Civilization." Museum and Society 3, no. 1 (April 8, 2015): 35–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v3i1.63.
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The role museums play in shaping the public’s understanding of the past has recently become a matter of considerable interest for historians and others. In Canada and Australia, portraits of their country’s history created by national museums have ignited considerable controversy. The Canadian Museum of Civlization’s Canada Hall was the subject of a review by four historians, chosen to examine the Hall’s portrayal of political history, while the National Museum of Australia faced a highly politicised public review of all of its exhibits soon after the museum opened. By analysing and interpreting the findings of these reviews, the authors raise questions about the ability of museums to respond to historical controversy, shifting historiographies and changing understandings of what is important in the past.
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Aykaç, Pınar. "Musealization as an Urban Process: The Transformation of the Sultanahmet District in Istanbul’s Historic Peninsula." Journal of Urban History 45, no. 6 (June 13, 2019): 1246–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144219853775.
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As culture-led urban regeneration has become a widely adopted strategy for dilapidated historic cities, the museum as a concept has become a key aspect of this regeneration. With the tangible and intangible aspects of culture being presented in museums, many historic buildings are repurposed as museums, urban, or archaeological sites designated as open-air museums, and the boundaries between museums and historic cities have been dissolved. This article discusses how the museum concept expands from the boundaries of a single building into the historic city itself. Defining this expansion as musealization, this article evaluates its contribution as an urban process in the transformation of Sultanahmet in Istanbul’s historic peninsula, which has been the major subject of conservation studies from the nineteenth century until present day.
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Nsibambi, Fredrick. "Documenting and Presenting Contentious Narratives and Objects—Experiences from Museums in Uganda." Heritage 2, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 27–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage2010002.
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Uganda is currently witnessing a new era, in as far as the safeguarding of cultural heritage is concerned. The preservation and presentation of cultural heritage objects is no longer a preserve of the state. National and community museums, totaling about 25, and spread across the country, are now preserving and presenting important aspects of Uganda’s diverse and multi-layered history as well as cultural heritage. Former leaders and political personalities are rarely documented. Even when documented by non-museum workers, their narratives are insufficiently presented in museums. Certain aspects of Uganda’s cultural heritage and history are silently being contested through museum spaces. The silent contestations are generally influenced by ethnicity, politics, and religion. Through this article, I intend to present the predicament of documenting contested histories and cultural heritage by Ugandan museums and provide examples of museum objects or aspects of Uganda’s cultural heritage, such as the narrative of “Walumbe” (death), that are subject to contestations.
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Ginn, Geoffrey A. C. "Exhibiting War: The Great War, Museums and Memory in Britain, Canada, and Australia." Australian Journal of Politics & History 65, no. 1 (March 2019): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajph.12558.
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Gillen, David W., and David McQueen. "Aspects of Rail Passenger Policy in Canada." Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 12, no. 4 (December 1986): 653. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3550680.
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Düisenova, N. K., and B. Q. Smagulov. "SOME ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MUSEUM SPHEREIN KAZAKHSTAN IN THE 1930S – 1950S." edu.e-history.kz 31, no. 3 (October 20, 2022): 173–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/2710-3994_2022_31_3_173-183.
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The article analyzes the process of formation and development of museum institutions of Kazakhstan in the 1930-1950s. On the basis of archival sources, the history of museum activity is traced, the problems of the development of an interitative museum affair are characterized. On the example of museums, the field of museum work, the state of museums, the role, place, the stages of development, the specifics of the “Soviet” model of the museum, the problems of the personnel of museum workers, difficulties infinancing and organizing museum institutions of the republic are considered. The influence of political factors on changing the standards of museum affairs in the 1930s in Kazakhstan is also noted. The analysis of the processes in the museum of Kazakhstan is given in connection with the next political repression in the USSR in the late 1940s. In particular, the influence of political repressions is considered, which was subjected to a famous historian Yermukhan Bekmakhanov, to the fate of A.M. Jirenshin, who for many years headed the Central State Museum.
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Maki, Dennis R. "Political Parties and Trade Union Growth in Canada." Relations industrielles 37, no. 4 (April 12, 2005): 876–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/029305ar.
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This study retests the Ashenfelter-Pencavel hypothesis that political factors matter, using pooled cross section-time series data on union growth for Canadian provinces and a set of dummy variables representing political party in power in each province. Both theoretical and practical aspects are presented.
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Ferguson, Matthew, Justin Piché, and Kevin Walby. "Representations of detention and other pains of law enforcement in police museums in Ontario, Canada." Policing and Society 29, no. 3 (October 25, 2017): 318–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2017.1388803.
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HALBERTSMA, RUURD B. "‘The purest examples from antiquity’ – Old Museums in a Modern World." European Review 13, no. 4 (October 2005): 649–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798705000864.
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Archaeological museums often came into existence from private collections of curiosities. When official museums were created in the course of the 18th and 19th centuries, the question of which cultures belonged to the ‘ancient world’ (and which not) was hotly debated, as the example of the National Museum of Antiquities in Leiden shows us. In addition, the role of an archaeological collection in society could be regarded in various ways. In the 19th century the ‘purest examples from antiquity’ were used as models for architects, artists and artisans. Nowadays antiquity seems to inspire many aspects of our culture, but much can be argued against the feeling that the classical spirit is enlightening our lives. An important role can be played by archaeological museums and their curators in a world in which the humanities are severely at risk.
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Message, Kylie. "Museums and the Citizenship of Hate." Museum Worlds 10, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/armw.2022.100102.
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This article asks if and how national museums today, which have in recent decades adopted a remit for social rights activism, have an obligation to engage with a broad spectrum of political participation and expression, including contemporary forms of far-right extremism and white grievance politics. How can museums engage with and respond meaningfully to the upsurge in acts of violence perpetrated in the name of structural, collective, and personal ideologies based on hate, xenophobia, and racism? Responding to these questions requires museums to move beyond acts of symbolic national commemoration and grapple with the human expressions and experiences of hate. Drawing on current museum scholarship and practice that is increasingly open to embracing research into studies of emotion and affect, as well as activism and its shifting narratives, the article concludes that the task of curatorial activism should be focused on effecting processes of structural—internal, institutional—change. Furthermore, this process can lead to the understanding that our forms of being human are not just related to our interpersonal interactions in the private sphere but also influence all aspects of civic and institutional life—including the ones that raise difficult questions or unpalatable truths about who we are, individually, and as citizens of the worlds to which we contribute.
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Shashaev, A. K., N. N. Kurmanalina, A. T. Selkebayeva, A. N. Konkabayeva, and V. S. Zikirbayeva. "THE DIRECTION OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE MUSEUM BUSINESS OF PUBLIC FUNDS IN THE EARLY TWENTIETH CENTURY." edu.e-history.kz 31, no. 3 (October 20, 2022): 321–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/2710-3994_2022_31_3_321-332.
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The article examines the social aspects of the formation and cultural and educational activities of museums of Kazakhstan at the beginning of the twentieth century on the basis of archival materials. Socio-economic and political changes that took place in the 20s of the Soviet period had a significant impact on the culture and education of Kazakhstan, the elimination of illiteracy, there was a need to develop cultural and educational direction. A special Central Asian Committee for Museums and the Protection of Ancient Monuments has been established for the republics of Central Asia and Kazakhstan, and a society of local historians has been organized in the republic. The article describes how the research society of Kazakhstan has established the organization of libraries, museums and archival affairs, has made every effort to make them a place for the promotion of knowledge and culture among the population.
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Winter, Stephen. "The Stakes of Inclusion: Chinese Canadian Head Tax Redress." Canadian Journal of Political Science 41, no. 1 (March 2008): 119–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423908080050.
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Abstract. Between 1885 and 1923 Canada imposed a discriminatory head-tax on Chinese immigrants. In 2006 Canada implemented a material redress program intended to resolve this historical injustice, but aspects of this program have been subjected to vigorous criticism by those seeking greater inclusivity. Paying particular attention to the program's intergenerational aspects, this study explores how the current program's conceptualization of a valid redress claim is situated with respect to both its critics and to domestic and international precedents. Recognizing the dynamic potentiality of redress, the study explores aspects of why and how Canada's understandings of historical redress are politically implicated.Résumé. Entre 1885 et 1923 le Canada a imposé un impôt discriminatoire aux immigrés chinois. En 2006, le Canada a mis en oeuvre un programme de réparation afin de redresser cette injustice historique, mais certains aspects de ce programme sont vivement critiqués par les partisans d'une plus grande inclusivité. Se concentrant en particulier sur les aspects intergénérationnels du programme, cette étude analyse la manière dont le programme actuel situe la conceptualisation d'une demande légitime de réparation en fonction à la fois de ses détracteurs et de précédents nationaux et internationaux. Prenant en compte le potentiel dynamique de la réparation, cette étude analyse les implications politiques de la démarche canadienne de redressement historique.
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Wright, James R., Samuel J. M. M. Alberti, Christopher Lyons, and Richard S. Fraser. "Maude Abbott and the Origin and Mysterious Disappearance of the Canadian Medical War Museum." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 142, no. 10 (May 7, 2018): 1292–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2017-0425-hp.
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Context.— In the early 1900s, it was common practice to retain, prepare, and display instructive pathologic specimens to teach pathology to medical trainees and practitioners; these collections were called medical museums. Maude Abbott, MD, established her reputation by developing expertise in all aspects of medical museum work. She was a founder of the International Association of Medical Museums (later renamed the International Academy of Pathology) and became an internationally renowned expert on congenital heart disease. Her involvement in the Canadian Medical War Museum (CMWM) is less well known. Objective.— To explore Abbott's role in the development of the CMWM during and after World War I and to trace its history. Design.— Available primary and secondary historical sources were reviewed. Results.— Instructive pathologic specimens derived from Canadian soldiers dying during World War I were shipped to the Royal College of Surgeons in London, which served as a clearinghouse for museum specimens from Dominion forces. The Canadian specimens were repatriated to Canada, prepared by Abbott, and displayed at several medical meetings. Abbott, because she was a woman, could not enlist and so she reported to a series of enlisted physicians with no expertise in museology. Plans for a permanent CMWM building in Ottawa eventually failed and Abbott maintained the collection at McGill (Montreal, Quebec, Canada) until her death in 1940. We trace the CMWM after her death. Conclusions.— Sadly, after Abbott had meticulously prepared these precious teaching specimens so that their previous owners' ultimate sacrifice would continue to help their military brethren, the relics were bureaucratically lost.
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Crooke, Elizabeth. "The Construction of Meanings in Museums." Archaeological Dialogues 7, no. 2 (December 2000): 130–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203800001689.
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The museum is a construct; the collections and the physical building are enclosed by a structure, invisible to the eye, which is created by the context in which the museum is being viewed. The nature of that structure will depend on the viewer; he or she will make his or her own meanings. Reinhard Bernbeck, in his paperThe exhibition of architecture and the architecture of an exhibition, has investigated how the Pergamon Museum can simultaneously mean different things to different people, according to their cultural perspective. What is at the core of this is the political and social nature of museums, and one of the most dominant aspects of this is the demonstration of power. This determines how the museum collects, interprets and displays both the objects and itself, and is related to both Bernbeck's colonial and postmodern readings of the museum, as well has his discussion of ‘pragmatist’ and ‘purist’ approaches to museums in general. Though his paper is based on a case study of the Pergamon Museum in Berlin, the issues he raised are applicable to museums elsewhere. In this response to his paper, I am going to look at what this demonstration of power reflects about what museums mean and how they function and relate Bernbeck's evaluation to museum development I am most familiar with, that in Ireland.
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Ciurea, Cristian, and Florin Gheorghe Filip. "THE GLOBALIZATION IMPACT ON CREATIVE INDUSTRIES AND CULTURAL HERITAGE: A CASE STUDY." Creativity Studies 12, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cs.2019.7753.
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The influences of multiculturalism, globalization and technological revolution on art galleries, libraries, archives, museums have led to major changes in the way they select, preserve, promote and valorize their cultural goods. The digitization of cultural heritage collections and the evolution of information technologies (cloud computing, mobile devices, Internet of things) have determined the progress of virtual exhibitions as a means of promoting and valorizing the cultural heritage physical objects. New business models have been developed to harness the cultural heritage of libraries and museums in the context of globalization and technological revolution and the premises for the development of a new category of entrepreneurs have been created. Studies have been conducted to find the ways to increase the number of visitors of cultural institutions with the help of promoting tools, such as virtual exhibitions and dedicated mobile applications. The paper presents several methodological aspects and conclusions based on a practical example.
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Warren, Emily, and Graham Matthews. "Public libraries, museums and physical convergence: Context, issues, opportunities: A literature review Part 1." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 51, no. 4 (May 13, 2018): 1120–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000618769720.
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There has recently been a growth in physical convergence in cultural heritage domains. Part 1 examines this ‘trend’, its drivers and related issues, with particular focus on public libraries and museums. It offers an overview of practice, challenges and opportunities. Through thematic analysis of a comprehensive, literature review of both domains that looked at the wider aspects of collaboration, cooperation, partnerships and integration in the sector as well as physical convergence, it provides insight into background, theory and activities worldwide. It presents discussion on the meaning of convergence, the concept of ‘memory institutions’, the relationship between public libraries and museums in the context of convergence, shared mission and values, convergence and re-convergence, and professionalism and divergence. It concludes with consideration of practical aspects such as motivations for convergence, including digital technology, changing user expectations and culture, and economic and political challenges that impact on physical convergence in a dynamic local government environment.
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Antokhiv-Skolozdra, O. M. "Canada-EU relations in political sphere." Актуальні проблеми філософії та соціології, no. 27 (April 8, 2021): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32837/apfs.v0i27.935.
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The article considers the peculiarities of formation and development of relations between Canada and the European Union in political sphere. It points out that the common essence of approaches to modern international relations serves as a potential basis for building bilateral cooperation on the issues of establishing political cooperation. In the course of research on Canada’s foreign policy it was noted that there is a number of features that are due to both internal context and external factors. In particular, it refers the peculiar nature of Canadian statehood, the existence of two linguistic communities, geographical location, and immediate neighborhood with the United States. It emphasizes the similarity of Canada’s positions with the approaches of European countries to solving a number of problems of modern world development. The importance of maintaining the transatlantic connection is among the significant issues. At the same time, it should be taken into account that there are peculiarities of establishing and maintaining relations between Canada and the European Union. On the one hand these are the relations with a strong multinational association and on the other – with each individual member state. It is noted that, despite the long historical tradition in the relationship, the potential for cooperation between Canada and the EU is only partially used. It highlights the need for Canada to reach a new level in its relations with the European Union, provided that it maintains close relations with the United States of America. Areas of mutual interest, as well as problematic aspects of negotiations on a strategic partnership agreement between Canada and the European Union have been identified. Although Canada–EU relations are bilateral, they are evolving in a broader international context. It is analyzed that Canada can be a valuable partner for the European Union in the field of international relations. This country should strive to be involved in the preparation of important international decisions in order to build common positions and ensure a sufficient level of coordination between the parties.
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Tleubayev, S. B., S. G. Belous, N. N. Kurmanalina, and A. N. Konkabayeva. "ACTIVITIES OF PUBLIC ORGANIZATIONS AND NATIONAL INTELLIGENTIA ON THE ORGANIZATION OF MUSEUM BUSINESS IN THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY." edu.e-history.kz 31, no. 3 (October 20, 2022): 294–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/2710-3994_2022_31_3_294-305.
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Based on archival sources, the article examines the formation of museums in Kazakhstan at the beginning of the 20th century, the social aspects of their cultural and educational activities, the role of the national intelligentsia in the design of museum work. Socio-economic and political changes that took place in the 1920s of the Soviet period had a significant impact on the culture and education of Kazakhstan, the elimination of illiteracy, there was a need to develop cultural and educational direction. Aspecial Central Asian Committee for Museums and the Protection of Ancient Monuments has been established for the republics of Central Asia and Kazakhstan, and a society of local historians has been organized in the republic.The article describes how the research society of Kazakhstan has established the organization of libraries, museums and archival affairs, has made every effort to make them a place for the promotion of knowledge and culture among the population.
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Meyer, Gustavo Costa, and Guilherme Costa Meyer. "Educação Ambiental em Museus de Ciência: diálogos, práticas e concepções." Revista Brasileira de Educação Ambiental (RevBEA) 9, no. 1 (July 25, 2014): 70–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.34024/revbea.2014.v9.1822.
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Resumo:
O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi a problematização de quais aspectos possui a educação ambiental concebida e praticada em museus de ciência, tendo-se em vista a heterogeneidade de visões que cercam a questão ambiental, com as devidas posições político-ideológicas que sustentam tal entendimento. Para tal análise, utilizou-se, principalmente, de referenciais teóricos que tratam: da comunicação e divulgação científica em museus, da ecologia de saberes, da crise cognitiva e da necessidade do diálogo de saberes, e da concepção de educação ambiental crítica. Avaliou-se que a forma de educação ambiental que prevalece em alguns museus de ciência é fragmentada, reducionista e a-histórica, com abordagens pedagógicas ligadas, preponderantemente, a aspectos das ciências naturais.
Palavras-chave: Museus; Educação Ambiental; Educação Científica.
Abstract
The main objective of this study was questioning what aspects has the environmental education conceived and practiced in science museums, keeping in view the heterogeneity of views surrounding the environmental issue, with the necessary political and ideological positions that support this understanding. For this analysis, we used mainly of theoretical frameworks that treat: communication and dissemination scientific in museums, the ecology of knowledge, cognitive crisis and the need for dialogue of knowledge, and the development of critical environmental education. It was found that the form of environmental education that prevails in some science museums is fragmented, reductionist and a-historical, with pedagogical approaches related, mainly, to aspects of the natural sciences.
Key-words: Museums; Environmental Education; Scientific Education.
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Jones, Kristine L. "Comparative Ethnohistory and the Southern Cone." Latin American Research Review 29, no. 1 (1994): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0023879100035342.
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Activities commemorating (positively or negatively) the Columbian quincentenary have moved the story of this encounter out of the libraries, off the dusty shelves of nineteenth-century museums, and back into the political arena where it began. In the United States and Canada, as in Latin America, the search for a “usable history” that would include Native Americans has prompted reassessment and revision of the historiography of Indian-white relations. This research note will review some of the more important ethnohistorical issues raised in North America and comment on possible comparative studies for the Southern Cone.
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Mathiasson, Sven. "Museums of natural history—do we need their collections in the time of molecular biology?" European Review 1, no. 4 (October 1993): 319–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798700000727.
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All over the world natural history museums act as storehouses. Billions of creatures are preserved. Most museum visitors never see these collections; they only meet the limited specimens presented in public exhibitions. Most people seem to know little about the value of these collections and how they are used. This article presents some aspects of natural history collections and their value in scientific and other contexts.
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Baker, Dana Lee. "Defining autism in Canada: Unfolding the public aspects of neurological disability." Social Science Journal 44, no. 4 (December 1, 2007): 687–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soscij.2007.10.010.
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Bernier, Hélène, and Mathieu Viau-Courville. "Curating Action: Rethinking Ethnographic Collections and the Role/Place of Performing Arts in the Museum." Museum and Society 14, no. 2 (June 9, 2017): 237–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v14i2.641.
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Dance involves a set of movements that embody social memory. Such forms of intangible heritage have presented emerging challenges for curatorship. This paper draws from the experience of the Musées de la civilisation (Quebec City, Canada) to address ideas of collecting and curating in the performing arts. By presenting the travelling exhibition Rebel Bodies, an international collaborative project that highlights contemporary dance and movement as universal modes of creativity and expression, the paper reflects on the social role of the museum in sustaining creativity within the community as well as on the use of ethnographic material to collectively (through museums and artists) curate the intangible. In treating notions of natural, virtuoso, urban, multi, political, and atypical bodies, this exhibition brings together performers and creative artists as well as industries in the museum setting. Such interplays, it is argued, encourage the sustainable participation of artistic communities/industries and further highlight museums as dynamic loci for the promotion of social change.Keywords: performing arts, intangible cultural heritage, museum, dance, performance, participation, reenactment, artists
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Wellington, Jennifer. "War Trophies, War Memorabilia, and the Iconography of Victory in the British Empire." Journal of Contemporary History 54, no. 4 (September 5, 2019): 737–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009419864159.
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Cultural efforts to mobilise populations behind the war in Britain and its Dominions, Canada and Australia – especially through the exhibition of war trophies – solidified after the Armistice into state-supported institutions creating and promoting a culture of victory. This culture was most pronounced, and most centralised, in Australia. Wartime propaganda institutions grew into national war museums which effectively froze the victorious national war effort, and the moment of triumph, in three-dimensional form. The institutions, and the people who ran them, did not demobilise with the peace. These museums used substantially the same objects and techniques they had used in wartime to support the war effort to create a postwar narrative in which victory established a clear (and martial) national identity, and also justified the war itself. At the same time, the narrative of a British imperial victory was used to create claims of unity which denied the reality of divisions in society. Trophies wrested from wartime enemies were used as pride-inducing objects to fundraise for peace, and fashioned into war memorials that were at once sites of mourning and monuments celebrating military dominance. Visions of postwar peace and progress could not be disentangled from victory and the violence that enabled it.
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Jackson, Nicole J. "Canada, NATO, and Global Russia." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 73, no. 2 (June 2018): 317–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020702018786080.
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Today Russia poses significant challenges that require sophisticated responses from both Canada and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), yet more research is needed on almost all aspects of policy development. Academic experts on NATO and Russia could contribute significantly to this process. To this end, collaboration and engagement among those experts with each other’s literature would be highly beneficial. Appropriate methodologies must be developed to answer questions about Russia’s specific intentions, test the assumptions upon which NATO and Canada’s policies are founded, and discover and respond to the root causes of Russia’s discontent. Policy options should be based on detailed knowledge of global security dynamics, as well as high-quality analysis about Russia’s rhetoric and its varied use of hard, soft, and sharp soft power in regional and global cases. A research network on these topics could help decision-makers respond to these complex developments by approaching them through “the eyes of our adversaries,” clarifying the big picture of hybrid warfare and also the micro-level details.
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McCracken, Damian John. "Tailor-Made for Canada." Federalism-E 21, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/fede.v21i2.14074.
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While reform of Canada's electoral system has not yet occurred, it has been an ever-present, ever-potent topic in Canadian political science since the middle of the 20th Century. While there are aspects of First-Past-the-Post (FPTP) to be admired, its fundamental flaws cannot be ignored; the system encourages parties to exacerbate sectionalism, leaves far too many voters unrepresented, and too often allows for uncooperative governments. Mixed-Member Proportional (MMP), a form of Proportional Representation (PR), possesses the best aspect of FPTP, local representation and accountability, and amends its most serious flaws. MMP represents all votes cast, attenuates sectionalism, and creates diverse legislatures that incentivize cross-party cooperation far more than FPTP does currently. Canada is nearly a perfect country for MMP, and this system should be implemented for our federal elections.
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Malinova, O. Yu. "SIGNS OF THE TIME: MEMORY ABOUT MASS POLITICS OF THE 1990s IN THE EXPOSITIONS OF RUSSIAN MUSEUMS." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 3(58) (2022): 138–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2022-3-138-151.
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The article explores framing of collective memory about the 1990s in two Russian museums of political history. It provides a comparative analysis of the expositions of the State Central Museum of Contemporary History of Russia (SCMCHR) in Moscow and the Museum of Boris Yeltsin (MBY) in Yeltsin Center in Ekaterinburg, with a focus on material objects representing the mass politics. The comparative analysis of material objects presented in the two museums is supplemented by the observations derived from memoirs of “the ordinary” people. It helps to reconstruct the stories that might be triggered by the objects at display, and to reveal some lacunas and inconsistencies in the expositions. The expositions of SCMCHR and MBY are evidently different, which is determined by their missions and narratives. SCMCHR presents a broader spectrum of political and social perspectives and pays more attention to the negative aspects of the 1990s. The exposition of MBY is focused on the figure of Russia’s first president, who is presented as the leader who brought people freedom. This allows the authors of the exhibition to provide less space for the voices of “ordinary people” and emphasizes positive aspects of the 1990s. In spite of the differences, both expositions provide multidimensional stories that go beyond the stereotypes exploited in political discourses. They illustrate not only the economic difficulties and political turbulences of the 1990s, but also the mass support for the expected changes and new opportunities for social activities. This is particularly true for the case of mass politics, as both expositions provide evidence of political freedoms incomparable to that in Putin’s Russia.
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Bilski, Emily D. "The Lives of Objects beyond Ownership." Internationales Archiv für Sozialgeschichte der deutschen Literatur 46, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 300–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/iasl-2021-0018.
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Abstract Provenance history sheds light on the relationship between works of art and the social, political, and economic conditions of their biographies. Engaging with the provenance of objects establishes a cultural conversation across time and space with previous owners. For artworks in museums, the public has now entered into that conversation. Museums, as custodians of art and educators of the public, can play a significant role in going beyond the question of ownership to get to the heart of what provenance reveals about the meanings of art: the ways people bring art into their lives, and the ways that objects are loved and studied. This essay delves into these human aspects of provenance, which are too often absent from museum displays, and argues in favor of making this information more visible to the public. Finally, works by contemporary artists Hans Haacke and Maria Eichhorn are discussed as examples of projects that successfully expose complicated object histories and provenance within museum installations.
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Woon, Yuen-Fong. "Some Adjustment Aspects of Vietnamese and Sino-Vietnamese Families in Victoria, Canada." Journal of Comparative Family Studies 17, no. 3 (October 1, 1986): 349–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.17.3.349.
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McBride, Stephen. "Quiet Constitutionalism in Canada: The International Political Economy of Domestic Institutional Change." Canadian Journal of Political Science 36, no. 2 (June 2003): 251–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423903778603.
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The idea that Canada is experiencing a "post-constitutional" era is misleading because it is based only on lack of changes to the formal codified constitution. Through an examination of international economic agreements, considered as untraditional mechanisms having a constitutional effect, a case is made that Canada's constitution has undergone significant, but little noticed, change over the last decade. Using Stephen Krasner's typology of sovereignty, it is shown that several aspects of Canada's sovereignty have been diminished. The effect is that the balance between liberalism and democracy in Canada's liberal democratic polity has been altered, to the detriment of the democratic component.
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Raboy, Marc. "Media, Nationalism and Identity in Canada and Quebec." Res Publica 39, no. 2 (June 30, 1997): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21825/rp.v39i2.18596.
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The relationship between media, nationalism and identity is increasingly problematic, even in the most politically stable countries. In Canada, media policy has been an integral part of political strategies for preserving the coherence of the Canadian state, with respect to external pressures towards North American continental integration, and internal pressures towards fragmentation and, most recently, disintegration. The alternative project of political indepéndence for Quebec, which nearly achieved a majority in a referendum held in October 1995, represents a threat to the Canadian state that media policy has sought to contain. But media practices reflect the real tensions in Canadian society and can not be held to account for the more or less failed agendas of politicians. The article explores some aspects of the relationship between media and the complexities of national identity in the framework of a political culture where different visions of nationhood must inevitably coexist.
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Haymond, John A. "The Muted Voice: The Limitations of Museums and the Depiction of Controversial History." Museum and Society 13, no. 4 (November 1, 2015): 462–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v13i4.347.
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In a thorough discussion of military museums – and in this particular instance, theNational Army Museum – there must be a frank and realistic assessment of thelimitations that factor into how military history can be depicted. This perspectivepaper considers two specific aspects of this process. First, it discusses thechallenges confronting the National Army Museum when the history it coverscannot be fully depicted in the sterility of a museum setting. Second, it considershow the museum should deal with controversial histories. After all, the historyof the British Army is to a large degree a history of war and imperialism, and anentire range of ethical and political perspectives are inevitably involved in theportrayal of that history. This paper examines these challenges – the limitationswhich can mute the museum’s voice – and concludes that once these factorsare acknowledged, the National Army Museum’s strengths and successes canbe clearly understood and better appreciated.
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Żak-Szwarc, Justyna. "Korpomuzeum jako typ idealny." Przegląd Kulturoznawczy, no. 4 (50) (December 30, 2021): 729–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/20843860pk.21.050.14967.
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Corpomuseum as an Ideal Type The beginning of the 21st century was a time of great museum revolution. Many museums have been created that focus their activities not so much on collecting artefacts as on presenting impressive exhibitions, largely made of media relays. New museums are increasingly moving away from the concern for durable goods that characterizes traditional museums and transfer knowledge to their recipients through modern products and attractive technologies. In connection with the implementation of new and costly solutions regarding architecture, equipment, organizational structure and functioning, they actually need a lot of capital in the form of public finances and “human resources” from the very beginning of their activity. It seems that at present the need to raise this type of capital in a case of creating new institutions is far ahead of the need to collect works of culture that have constituted the essence and sense of museums created in previous centuries. The quality of planned projects also ceases to be related to the significance and reputation of the material culture heritage, and begins to be measured by the scale of the new museum buildings and the number of visitors. Products instead of cultural goods, or even products understood as cultural goods; visitors as engaged customers; capital understood by finance and “human resources”; large size ‒ which covers many issues ‒ ranging from structure, and architecture; modern technologies; political influence; brand strength and promotion ‒ all these aspects resemble the corporate model of organization. They provoke reflection on the functioning of the museum as a corporation, which is the purpose of the ideally typical structure of the “corpomuseum”.
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Drover, Glenn. "Pension Power: Unions, Pension Funds and Social Investment in Canada." Canadian Journal of Political Science 39, no. 4 (December 2006): 983–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423906449969.
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Pension Power: Unions, Pension Funds and Social Investment in Canada, Isla Carmichael, Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2005, pp. 219.Isla Carmichael has been writing about union pensions for a decade. Over the past ten years, she has examined different aspects of union-based pension funds and labour-sponsored investment, including fiduciary responsibility, the role of union pension trustees, social accounting, collateral benefits and economically targeted investment. In this book, she brings together these, and other, arguments to make a case for the greater involvement of unions in directing and investing pension funds, not only to provide benefits to union members but also to shape economic growth and community development. Her analysis is comprehensive and her argument is persuasive.
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Koval, Olga V. "Legal and Social Aspects of the Belarusian Economic Emigration to Canada in the 1920s-30s." RUDN Journal of Russian History 21, no. 3 (August 31, 2022): 417–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8674-2022-21-3-417-431.
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The author examines the main features for the formation of the Belarusian economic emigration to Canada. The intensity of the emigration from 1921 to 1939 was analyzed, when the territory of Western Belarus was a part of Poland. The historical base of the research was the unpublished documents of the Belarusian, Ukrainian and Polish archives. The article presents the structure of state emigration bodies that were involved in organizing and controlling the recruitment of emigrants, their employment and the process of re-emigration. It describes the features of the Canadian legislation for the scale of the Belarusian emigration and the legal adaptation of emigrants. Particular attention is paid to the role of the Canadian railway companies “Canadian National Railways” and “Canadian Pacific Railways” in the selection of emigrants and their employment in agriculture and industry. The author argue that the Polish authorities stimulated the emigration of the Belarusian population for the polonization of Western Belarus. The problematic socio-psychological adaptation of the Belarusian emigrants, because Belarusians in Canada weakly expressed the national identity, is described. The author concludes that the international cooperation had an important role in forming the diaspora’s and national identity, especially the international contacts with the representatives of other peoples and the participation in common political organizations and projects.
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Benti, Behailu Shiferaw, and Georg Stadtmann. "B|Orders in Motion in the Video Game Industry: An Analysis Based on Animal Crossing: New Horizons." Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies 2022 (May 14, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4452900.
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In 2020, the video game Animal Crossing: New Horizons was listed among the top ten in terms of revenue. This success can be highlighted by looking at interconnectedness between the game—existing in the virtual world—and various aspects of life existing in the real world. To do so, we analyze the game by relying on an interdisciplinary framework of border studies. This framework expresses that the three states of borders (durability, permeability, and liminality) can be interpreted not only in a geographical sense but also in terms of a temporal dimension as well as a cultural dimension. Considering cultural (fashion and museums), political, and economical aspects of life, we highlight how this game blurs the borders between the real and virtual world. Furthermore, our findings assert that not only borders but also orders can change over time (B|Orders are in motion).
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Anderson, Cameron D., and Elizabeth Goodyear-Grant. "Conceptions of Political Representation in Canada: An Explanation of Public Opinion." Canadian Journal of Political Science 38, no. 4 (December 2005): 1029–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423905040254.
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Abstract.Despite widespread attention paid to issues of representation, how Canadians think and feel about different facets of representation are inadequately documented and understood. Using data from the 2000 Canadian Election Study (CES), the article addresses this dearth of systematic research through an examination of popularly held attitudes toward three dimensions of political representation: direct versus representative democracy, the role of the elected representative and territorial versus non-territorial bases of substantive representation. Particular attention is paid to the impact of political knowledge and the individualist/collectivist value cleavage on representational preferences. Results are discussed in light of current debates regarding institutional and representational change in Canada.Résumé.En dépit de l'attention portée aux enjeux de la représentation, les sentiments et les idées des Canadiens par rapport aux différents aspects de la représentation sont mal documentés et compris. Cet article emploie les données de l'Étude électorale canadienne (ÉÉC) et cherche à combler cette lacune en examinant les attitudes populaires par rapport à trois dimensions de la représentation politique : la démocratie directe versus représentative, le rôle du représentant élu, et les bases de représentation territoriales versus non-territoriales. Nous accordons une attention particulière aux répercussions du niveau de connaissances politiques et des valeurs individualistes ou collectivistes sur les préférences en matière de représentation. Les résultats sont examinés à la lumière des débats récents sur le renouveau institutionnel et les modifications de la représentation au Canada.
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Johnson, Graham E. "The True North Strong: Contemporary Chinese Studies in Canada." China Quarterly 143 (September 1995): 851–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741000015095.
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To a casual observer, Canada may appear to be very much like the United States, to which it is attached by a long and undefended land border. A more detailed inspection, however, indicates that Canada is different. The differences can be seen in many aspects, and have coloured the development of academic disciplines and the character of intellectual debate, including studies of China.
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Sanz, Pedro J. "Editorial." Robotica 25, no. 2 (March 2007): 129–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574707003499.
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The idea underlying this Special Issue arises from previous successfully international events organized in this robotics context. Thus, during 2005 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, hosted in Edmonton, Canada, a Workshop, with the same title was successfully organized by this guest editor. Moreover, this editor was involved in this research area, as co-Chair of the “Manipulation and Grasping Interest Group”, within the European Robotics Research Network (i.e. EURON), from 2001, organizing also a couple of International Summer Schools, supported by EURON, on these topics (Spain, 2001 and 2004). On the other hand, as time goes by, more and more robotics applications are oriented towards working in all kind of service domains, such as hospitals, museums, etc. Hence, the interest on those robotic systems, integrating manipulation and navigation capabilities, namely mobile manipulators, is drastically increasing around the entire world. Therefore, this special issue is trying to face this new scenario providing a comprehensive overview of some key topics, foundations and applications within the Mobile Manipulators context, including human-robot interaction aspects and critical issues related with navigation and manipulation performance, among others.
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Langlois, Simon. "L’Etat canadien: une union politique et sociale en redéfinition." Tocqueville Review 22, no. 1 (January 2001): 75–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/ttr.22.1.75.
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Le Canada à l'aube des années 2000 resscmble peu au Canada de 1867, date de création du Dominion du Canada. La composition de sa population a radicalemcnt changé, son économie et sa culture ont été profondément modifiées. Rien là de bien original, dira-t-on, puisque les autres pays analysés dans ce numéro ont connu des évolutions comparables sur bien des aspects. Mais ce qui distingue le Canada est sans doute le fait que les valeurs fondatrices du pays ont elles aussi changé. Les nouvelles valeurs cardinales de la société canadienne, celles qui légitiment la représentation de lui-même que le nouveau Canada entend sc donner, sont maintenant l’egalité entre les individus, l’égalité entre les provinces, le multiculturalisme, le bilinguisme officiel des institutions fédérales, le respect des droits individuels et la recherche du bien-être et de la sécurité sociale des citoyens, valeurs auxquelles il faut ajouter la reconnaissance de l’identité des nations autochtones qui, comme le retour du refoulé en psychanalyse, sortent en force de l’oubli relatif dans lequel les avait relégués l’histoire canadienne (Laforcst 1992, 1995 ; McRoberts 1991, 1995, 1997 ; Robertson 1991 ; Taylor 1986. 1992).
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Rowlands, Dane. "International Aspects of the Division of Debt under Secession: The Case of Quebec and Canada." Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 23, no. 1 (March 1997): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3552130.
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Carter, Mark. "The Constitutional Validity of the Corporal Punishment Defence in Canada: A Critical Analysis of Canadian Foundation for Children, Youth and the Law Versus Canada (Attorney General)." International Review of Victimology 12, no. 2 (May 2005): 189–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026975800501200205.
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In Canadian Foundation for Children, Youth and the Law Versus Canada the Supreme Court rejected the Foundation's arguments that the corporal punishment defence denies children rights that are guaranteed to them under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The author argues that among the unfortunate aspects of the Court's decision is the extent to which it identifies the perpetrators of violence against children, rather than the children themselves, as the most deserving recipients of concern about victimization in the debate over the retention of the corporal punishment defence. By failing to extend basic human rights protections to our most vulnerable citizens, the Foundation decision raises troubling questions about the effectiveness of the Charter and the relationship of Charter litigation to other law reform strategies.
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Juneau, Thomas. "A surprising spat: The causes and consequences of the Saudi–Canadian dispute." International Journal: Canada's Journal of Global Policy Analysis 74, no. 2 (June 2019): 313–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020702019855347.
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In August 2018, Saudi Arabia expelled the Canadian ambassador to Riyadh, recalled its own ambassador in Ottawa, and imposed sanctions on Canada. This overreaction to tweets by the Canadian foreign ministry demanding the release of jailed activists was consistent with the pattern of foreign policy assertiveness that has accompanied the rise of Mohammed bin Salman (MbS). The Saudi–Canadian spat is not very important: bilateral ties were never essential for either country. But the dispute carries lessons for Canada and its allies as they reflect on future ties to the Kingdom. This partnership was always necessary but costly. MbS, however, has amplified and exposed these costs. By bringing unprecedented scrutiny to Saudi actions, recent events have opened a window of opportunity for Canada and its allies to re-evaluate relations. They should increase pressure on Riyadh to change the costliest aspects of its policies. Should this fail, they should downgrade the partnership.
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Linden, Diana L. "Modern? American? Jew? Museums and Exhibitions of Ben Shahn's Late Paintings." Prospects 30 (October 2005): 665–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300002222.
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The year 1998 marked the centennial of the birth of artist Ben Shahn (1898–1969). Coupled with the approach of the millennium, which many museums celebrated by surveying the cultural production of the 20th century, the centennial offered the perfect opportunity to mount a major exhibition of Shahn's work (the last comprehensive exhibition had taken place at the Jewish Museum in New York City in 1976). The moment was also propitious because a renewed interest in narrative, figurative art, and political art encouraged scholarly and popular appreciation of Ben Shahn, whose reputation within the history of American art had been eclipsed for many decades by the attention given to the abstract expressionists. The Jewish Museum responded in 1998 with Common Man, Mythic Vision: The Paintings of Ben Shahn, organized by the Museum's curator Susan Chevlowe, with abstract expressionism scholar Stephen Polcari (Figure 1). The exhibition traveled to the Allentown Art Museum in Pennsylvania and closed at the Detroit Institute of Arts in 1999.Smaller Shahn exhibitions then in the planning stages (although not scheduled to open during the centennial year) were to focus on selected aspects of Shahn's oeuvre: the Fogg Museum was to present his little-known New York City photographs of the 1930s in relationship to his paintings, and the Jersey City Museum intended to exhibit his career-launching series, The Passion of Sacco and Vanzetti (1931–32). Knowing this, Chevlowe smartly chose to focus on the later years of Shahn's career and on his lesser-known easel paintings of the post-World War II era. In so doing, Chevlowe challenged viewers to expand their understanding both of the artist and his place in 20th-century American art.
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CRISTACHE, Maria. "Experiences of Socialism in Romanian Exhibitions: Ethical Implications of Display, Invisibility, and Engagement." Martor. The Museum of the Romanian Peasant Anthropology Review 26 (2021): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.57225/martor.2021.26.04.
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"The representation of tangible and intangible heritage from the socialist period in Romania has increased and diversified since the House of the People opened for visitors in 1994. Permanent and temporary exhibitions focused on various aspects of life under socialism—from food, housing, and entertainment to the lifestyle of the Ceaușescu couple—have flourished especially in the 2010s. In this article, I examine the different ways in which exhibitions represent the socialist past by displaying objects linked to consumption, leisure, and domesticity and by organizing interactive experiences around the material culture and spaces associated with socialism. The main questions addressed are: Whose perspectives and experiences of the socialist period do these exhibitions represent? What are the direct and indirect ways in which these exhibitions make political commentaries? What are the ethical issues raised by the strong interactive component of some of these experiences? In order to answer these questions, I will look at four exhibitions opened after 2010: Casa Ceaușescu (Ceaușescu Mansion) and 80east in Bucharest, Muzeul Consumatorului Comunist (Museum of the Communist Consumer) in Timișoara, and Muzeul Traiului în Comunism (Museum of Living in Communism) in Brașov. My analysis is informed by research on the representation of socialism in museums since 1989, by reflections on the ethical responsibility of museums and on the political commentary they generate. Based on the analysis of the exhibitions and on interviews with the founders of these initiatives, I discuss the dimension of space and issues of representation, the interactive component as a source of authenticity and its relation with trust, and the political relevance and position of these exhibitions."
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Nikulina, I. N., M. N. Potupchik, and K. S. Kaliyeva. "The Cultural and Educational Activities of the Political Exiles in Ust-Kamenogorsk (the 1880s — Early 20th Century): Some Aspects." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 6(128) (December 12, 2022): 32–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2022)6-04.
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The Siberian political exile of the 19th — early 20th centuries is an interesting multifaceted topic with a significant number of issues that require a comprehensive in-depth study. Despite the extensive range of studies on the Siberian political exile history, for some questions a thorough careful research is needed. This work is focused on one of the aspects of the versatile activities of the political exiles — cultural and educational activities. The relevance of this topic is determined by the importance of further development of Russian-Kazakh relations, taking into account the historical experience of interaction between the political exiles and the local population, determining the contribution and significance of the cultural and educational activities of the exiles in the life of the region. The article aims to review the cultural and educational activity of the political exiles in Ust-Kamenogorsk in the 1880s — early 20th century and define its significance for the social development of the city and the region. Based on the available sources and literature, the work reflects the issues of the city cultural and educational institutions formation and the actual participation of the political exiles in it. New information on their biographies is added. Many Ust-Kamenogorsk secondary and vocational schools, museums and libraries were opened thanks to the cultural and educational activities of the political exiles who advocated for the elimination of illiteracy and the development of culture. Special courses were organized, the People's House was created. Undoubtedly, this showed exiled people’s pro-active approach to life aimed at spreading knowledge among the local population and the cultural development of the city and the region.
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Gagné, Gilbert. "Policy Diversity, State Autonomy, and the US–Canada Softwood Lumber Dispute: Philosophical and Normative Aspects." Journal of World Trade 41, Issue 4 (August 1, 2007): 699–730. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/trad2007028.
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Millar, Paul, and Akwasi Owusu-Bempah. "Whitewashing Criminal Justice in Canada: Preventing Research through Data Suppression." Canadian journal of law and society 26, no. 3 (December 2011): 653–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjls.26.3.653.
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Race and racism have long played an important role in Canadian law and continue to do so. However, conducting research on race and criminal justice in Canada is difficult given the lack of readily available data that include information about race. We show that data on the race of victims and accused persons are being suppressed by police organizations in Canada and argue that suppression of race prevents quantitative anti-racism research while not preventing the use of these data by the police for racial profiling. We also argue that when powerful institutions, such as the police, have knowledge that they keep secret or refuse to discover, it serves the interests of those institutions at the expense of the public. Fears that reporting of racial data will result in racial profiling or the stigmatization of racialized communities are not assuaged by the repression of this information. Stigmatization may still occur, and racial profiling can continue to happen, but without public knowledge. Quantitative anti-racist research requires consistent, institutionalized reporting of race data through all aspects of Canadian justice. We outline what data are available, what data are needed, and where consistency is lacking. It is argued that institutional preferences for white-washed data, with race and ethnicity removed, should be subrogated to transparency.
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Nielsen, Svein Vatsvåg. "Litt av en prosess 40 år med omorganisering av norsk kulturminneforvaltning." Primitive Tider, no. 19 (December 1, 2017): 15–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/pt.7201.
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Some process: 40 years of re-organising Norwegian archaeologyThe main objective of this paper is to investigate the historical background of the so-called ‘regionreform’ recently proposed by the Norwegian Government with special emphasis on the Cultural Heritage Management (CHM). The paper presents a critical inquiry into re-organisations within the Norwegian CHM in the 1980- and 90’s, a process known within academic research and official State documents simply as ‘the re- organisation’. The re-organisation involved four vital events: (1) the transformation of the Directorate for Cultural Heritage into a central body in the administration and located directly below the Department of Environmental Protection in 1988, (2) the de-centralisation of the district authority from the university museums to the county councils in 1990, (3) the creation of NIKU (The Norwegian Institute for Cultural Heritage Research) in 1994, and (4) the displacement of exempt authority from the university museums to the Directorate in 2001. The paper focuses on the political processes these events were part of, especially on political strategies, discursive turning points and speech acts, drawing on theoretical and methodological aspects from Actor-Network-Theory. It is found that the ideas and strategies that were realised through ‘the re-organisation’ dated back to academic circles and cultural policies forged in the 1960- and 1970’s. It is concluded that the ‘regionreform’ was formed within a new network of textual references, but that the ideas behind it is thoroughly connected with the old re-organisation, and thus to discursive elements from the 1960’s.
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Kolář, Ondřej. "Different Stories of One Battle: The Moravian-Ostrava Offensive in Historiography and Collective Memory." Pogranicze. Polish Borderlands Studies 8, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25167/ppbs2039.
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The paper focuses on the historiography and remembrance of a significant battle, fought between the Red Army and German forces in the last week of World War II in Europe on the present Czech-Polish border. In the opening part of the paper, the historical surveys are depicted and analysed. The text also examines “official” forms of remembrance, such as museums and memorials, as well as popular narratives, myths and common tales surrounding the military operation, which are seen in the context of a specific collective identity of the population of the borderland. The article seeks correlations between professional research, political rhetoric and other aspects that created the “popular image” of the offensive. The question of regional memory is understood in the context of nationwide debates about contemporary history.