Academic literature on the topic 'Musculoskeletal system – Wounds and injuries'

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Journal articles on the topic "Musculoskeletal system – Wounds and injuries"

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Kholodnyi, R. D. "MODELING THE SKELETAL MUSCLE INJURY IN RATS." International Journal of Veterinary Medicine, no. 3 (October 18, 2022): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2022.3.253.

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Muscles are the most important executive organs - effectors. Both according to morphological and functional characteristics, muscles are divided into two types - striated and smooth. Striated muscles, in turn, are usually divided into skeletal and cardiac. Striated muscles form the motor apparatus of the skeleton, oculomotor, chewing and other motor systems in animals. The striated muscles, with the exception of the heart muscle, are completely controlled by the central nervous system, they are devoid of automatism.The problem of damage to skeletal muscles is very relevant and widespread. These injuries disrupt the musculoskeletal function of animals, up to its complete loss. To search for methods for restoring the structure and function of muscles, experiments are being carried out on laboratory animals. This article is devoted to the selection of the optimal model of skeletal muscle injury, performed on laboratory rats. The study was conducted on Wistar rats. The choice of the muscle on which the models will be worked out, as well as the surgical access to it, is substantiated. Three options for inflicting damage to muscle tissue (cut wounds directed parallel to muscle fibers; cut wounds directed across muscle fibers; crushed wounds of muscle tissue) and the timing of healing of these injuries are proposed. The result of the study showed that the gastrocnemius muscle is the most suitable for modeling damage to muscle tissue in rats, and a crushed wound has the longest healing time.
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Cequier, Alina, Carmen Sanz, Clementina Rodellar, and Laura Barrachina. "The Usefulness of Mesenchymal Stem Cells beyond the Musculoskeletal System in Horses." Animals 11, no. 4 (March 25, 2021): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11040931.

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The differentiation ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) initially raised interest for treating musculoskeletal injuries in horses, but MSC paracrine activity has widened their scope for inflammatory and immune-mediated pathologies in both equine and human medicine. Furthermore, the similar etiopathogenesis of some diseases in both species has advanced the concept of “One Medicine, One Health”. This article reviews the current knowledge on the use of MSCs for equine pathologies beyond the locomotor system, highlighting the value of the horse as translational model. Ophthalmologic and reproductive disorders are among the most studied for MSC application. Equine asthma, equine metabolic syndrome, and endotoxemia have been less explored but offer an interesting scenario for human translation. The use of MSCs in wounds also provides a potential model for humans because of the healing particularities in both species. High-burden equine-specific pathologies such as laminitis have been suggested to benefit from MSC-therapy, and MSC application in challenging disorders such as neurologic conditions has been proposed. The available data are preliminary, however, and require further development to translate results into the clinic. Nevertheless, current evidence indicates a significant potential of equine MSCs to enlarge their range of application, with particular interest in pathologies analogous to human conditions.
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Meena, M. L., G. S. Dangayach, and A. Bhardwaj. "A Literature Review of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Handicraft Sector." International Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering 3, no. 2 (July 2016): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaie.2016070103.

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This research review article made an attempt to review such issues pertaining to handicraft sector. It highlight/covers following aspects in detail: ergonomics interventions in handicraft industries, occupational risk factor, and musculoskeletal disorders. The literatures over a decade reported that ergonomics concepts are more applied in large-scale industries like steel plant, power plant, manufacturing plants, automotive sectors etc. rather than small-scale industries like handicraft. However, applying ergonomics concepts/principles in such industries would definitely lead to increase in the work-system-worker productivity by improvement in tools, methods, work-environment, minimizing injuries and disorders. Based on literature studies recommendations are made that significant lead to improvement in productivity of such industries.
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Hewett, Timothy E., and Nathaniel A. Bates. "Preventive Biomechanics: A Paradigm Shift With a Translational Approach to Injury Prevention." American Journal of Sports Medicine 45, no. 11 (February 15, 2017): 2654–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546516686080.

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Background: Preventive medicine techniques have alleviated billions of dollars’ worth of the economic burden in the medical care system through the implementation of vaccinations and screenings before the onset of disease symptoms. Knowledge of biomechanical tendencies has progressed rapidly over the past 20 years such that clinicians can identify, in healthy athletes, the underlying mechanisms that lead to catastrophic injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures. As such, preventive medicine concepts can be applied to noncontact musculoskeletal injuries to reduce the economic burden of sports medicine treatments and enhance the long-term health of athletes. Purpose: To illustrate the practical medical benefits that could be gained from preventive biomechanics applied to the ACL as well as the need and feasibility for the broad implementation of these principles. Study Design: Literature review. Methods: The recent literature pertinent to the screening and prevention of musculoskeletal injuries was reviewed and compiled into a clinical commentary on the current state and applicability of preventive biomechanics. Results: Investigators have identified neuromuscular training protocols that screen for and correct the underlying biomechanical deficits that lead to ACL injuries. The literature shows that when athletes comply with these prescribed training protocols, the incidence of injuries is significantly reduced within that population. Such preventive biomechanics practices employ basic training methods that would be familiar to athletic coaches and have the potential to save billions of dollars in cost in sports medicine. Conclusion: The widespread implementation of preventive biomechanics concepts could profoundly affect the field of sports medicine with a minimum of initial investment.
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Потапнёв, М. П., В. Г. Богдан, С. И. Кривенко, В. Я. Янушко, М. А. Панченко, Г. Г. Кондратенко, П. С. Неверов, et al. "Preparations of Soluble Platelet Factors - New Options of Regenerative Medicine." Гематология. Трансфузиология. Восточная Европа, no. 3 (November 9, 2021): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2021.7.3.010.

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В кратком обзоре дано представление о препаратах растворимых факторов тромбоцитов (РФТ) человека и их медицинском применении. Отмечено, что препараты РФТ уже широко используются для лечения длительно заживающих ран кожи и слизистых, а также при травмах и заболеваниях опорно-двигательного аппарата. Существуют области медицины, в которых активно изучаются условия для успешного местного применения препаратов РФТ: клеточная терапия, пластическая хирургия, офтальмология, кожные болезни, косметология, офтальмология, акушерство и гинекология, неврология. Сделан вывод о целесообразности дальнейшего медицинского изучения показаний для эффективного применения препаратов РФТ. A brief review provides the data on the preparations of human soluble platelet factors (SPF) and their medical use. It is noted that SPF preparations are widely used for the treatment of long-term healing wounds of the skin and mucous membranes, as well as for injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. There are the areas of medicine, where the conditions for successful topical use of SPF are being actively studied. These are the cell therapy, plastic surgery, ophthalmology, skin diseases, cosmetology, obstetrics and gynecology, neurology. The conclusion is made about the expediency of further medical study of the indications for the effective use of SPF preparations.
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Knapik, Joseph, and Ryan Steelman. "Risk Factors for Injuries During Military Static-Line Airborne Operations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Athletic Training 51, no. 11 (November 1, 2016): 962–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-51.9.10.

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Objective: To identify and analyze articles in which the authors examined risk factors for soldiers during military static-line airborne operations. Data Sources: We searched for articles in PubMed, the Defense Technical Information Center, reference lists, and other sources using the key words airborne, parachuting, parachutes, paratrooper, injuries, wounds, trauma, and musculoskeletal. Study Selection: The search identified 17 684 potential studies. Studies were included if they were written in English, involved military static-line parachute operations, recorded injuries directly from events on the landing zone or from safety or medical records, and provided data for quantitative assessment of injury risk factors. A total of 23 studies met the review criteria, and 15 were included in the meta-analysis. Data Extraction: The summary statistic obtained for each risk factor was the risk ratio, which was the ratio of the injury risk in 1 group to that of another (baseline) group. Where data were sufficient, meta-analyses were performed and heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed. Data Synthesis: Risk factors for static-line parachuting injuries included night jumps, jumps with extra equipment, higher wind speeds, higher air temperatures, jumps from fixed-wing aircraft rather than balloons or helicopters, jumps onto certain types of terrain, being a female paratrooper, greater body weight, not using the parachute ankle brace, smaller parachute canopies, simultaneous exits from both sides of an aircraft, higher heat index, winds from the rear of the aircraft on exit entanglements, less experience with a particular parachute system, being an enlisted soldier rather than an officer, and jumps involving a greater number of paratroopers. Conclusions: We analyzed and summarized factors that increased the injury risk for soldiers during military static-line parachute operations. Understanding and considering these factors in risk evaluations may reduce the likelihood of injury during parachuting.
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Norton, Pedro, Sara Magalhaes, Jose Luis Trigo, Paulo Pinho, Tatiana Varandas, Joao Amaro, Sara Almeida Santos, Ines Morais Caldas, Maria Lurdes Pereira, and Ana Margarida Rosario. "Ergonomic Risk and Musculoskeletal Disorders Related to the Upper Limbs in Dental Medicine Students." Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 3, no. 12 (November 2022): 1298–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1596.

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Background: In light of the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in dentists, an extended knowledge of the phenomena, including the onset time and treatments presenting higher risk, is needed. Thus, this study aimed to 1) assess exposure to ergonomic risk factors, musculoskeletal symptoms and associated functional limitation in dental students, 2) estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in dental students and 3) assess the exposure to vibrations associated with the use of an ultrasonic scaler. Methods: For the ergonomic evaluation, two questionnaires were applied: Assessment of Repetitive Tasks (ART-Tool) and the Strain-Index Score Sheet. The ultrasonic scaler's assessment of exposure to vibratory forces was carried out by a certified engineer using an accelerometer Cubic Triaxial Deltatron attached to a mounting clip attached with cyanoacrylate to the handpiece of the scaler, according to the 3 axes of the hand-arm system (x, y e z). Standardized questionnaires were used to identify symptoms and associated disability. Results: All the recorded values exceeded the maximum limit of reference. This difference was more accentuated in the Strain-Index. The maximum exposure value is much lower than the limit imposed. An exposure time equivalent to 8 hours of work in a day would still not exceed the maximum action value. As a result of the clinical evaluation, different musculoskeletal disorders were identified. Conclusion: Ergonomic risk exposure among dental students is a reality. Preventive strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in dentists should be initiated at an early stage in their lives, particularly during their academic training.
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Mikusev, G. I., F. F. Khaidarov, R. U. Gainullin, and N. N. Akhmetzyanov. "A case of scapular avulsion with upper limb." Kazan medical journal 81, no. 3 (February 2, 2022): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj96719.

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Limb avulsions are the most severe injuries of the musculoskeletal system. Among the causes of damage, separations due to the ingress of limbs under rail transport, into working machines and units, dominate. Bleeding from the wound with this type of injury is usually insignificant or absent at all, which is explained by damage to the wall of the main vessels at different levels. The thrombus in the lumen of the stump is intertwined and firmly held by all the shells of the ruptured vessel. The most severe injury is the complete separation of the scapula with the entire upper limb. Rapid rotation of the arm leads to twisting of the tunicae externae of large vessels, there is no severe bleeding when the limb is torn off.
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Lucas, Logan A., Benjamin S. England, Travis W. Mason, Christopher R. Lanning, Taylor M. Miller, Alexander M. Morgan, and Thomas Gus Almonroeder. "Decision Making Influences Tibial Impact Accelerations During Lateral Cutting." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 34, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 414–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2017-0397.

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Lower-extremity musculoskeletal injuries are common in sports such as basketball and soccer. Athletes competing in sports of this nature must maneuver in response to the actions of their teammates, opponents, etc. This limits their ability to preplan movements. The purpose of this study was to compare impact accelerations during preplanned versus unplanned lateral cutting. A total of 30 subjects (15 males and 15 females) performed preplanned and unplanned cuts while the authors analyzed impact accelerations using an accelerometer secured to their tibia. For the preplanned condition, subjects were aware of the movement to perform before initiating a trial. For the unplanned condition, subjects initiated their movement and then reacted to the illumination of one of 3 visual stimuli which dictated whether they would cut, land, or land-and-jump. A mixed-model analysis of variance with a between factor of sex (male and female) and a within factor of condition (preplanned and unplanned) was used to analyze the magnitude and variability of the impact accelerations for the cutting trials. Both males and females demonstrated higher impact accelerations (P = .01) and a trend toward greater intertrial variability (P = .07) for the unplanned cutting trials (vs preplanned cuts). Unplanned cutting may place greater demands on the musculoskeletal system.
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Morgoshiia, T. Sh. "Contribution of Professor G.I. Turner to domestic traumatology and orthopaedics (to the 160th anniversary of birth)." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 25, no. 3-4 (December 15, 2018): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/vto201803-041134.

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The article presents the main milestones of the life of the outstanding scientist G.I. Turner (1858-1941) - a man who made an invaluable contribution to the formation and development of domestic orthopedics, military surgery. At the beginning of medical activity as a general surgeon, he mastered the basic principles of treatment of pathology of the musculoskeletal system, which played an important role in all its subsequent activities. It was G.I. Turner who had the idea of creating specialized hospitals for the wounded and special institutions for the rehabilitation of war invalids. It should be noted his active participation in the popularization of information on the prevention of diseases and injuries, in the practical training of methods of primary care to victims. Much effort and energy has been devoted to helping sick children with physical defects and restoring the working ability of crippled children. For many years he led the work of the orphanage in St. Petersburg, which in 1932 was transformed into the Institute of rehabilitation of physically defective children and adolescents, named after G.I. Turner.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Musculoskeletal system – Wounds and injuries"

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林玊玲 and Yuk-ling Lam. "Patterns of musculoskeletal injuries in collegiate dancers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257264.

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Cogger, Naomi. "Epidemiology of musculoskeletal injuries in two- and three-year-old Australian Thoroughbred racehorses." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1611.

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Doctor of Philosophy
The aim of this research was to describe the epidemiology of musculoskeletal (MS) injuries in two- and three-year-old Thoroughbred racehorses. A 27 month longitudinal study commencing in May 2000 was conducted. The study convenience sampled 14 trainers with facilities at metropolitan and provincial racetracks in New South Wales, Australia. In the 2000/01 and 2001/02 racing season, 323 and 128 two-year-olds, respectively, were enrolled in the study. The 451 Thoroughbred horses contributed, 1, 272 preparations and 78, 154 training days to the study. Of the 323 horses enrolled in the 2000/01 racing season, 219 contributed three-year-old data to the study. During the study period 8%, of training days had missing training data and 3% of the 1, 986 starts in the races or barrier trials were incorrectly recorded. The rate of incorrect entries varied with both study month and trainer. Similarly, the rate of training days with missing data varied between trainers and with study month. Four hundred and twenty-eight MS injuries were recorded in association with 395 preparations in 248 two- and three-year-old Thoroughbred racehorses. The IR for all categories of MS injuries, except for tendon and ligament injuries, were higher in twoyear- olds than three-year-olds, although the differences were only significant for shin soreness. Seventy-eight percent of horses enrolled in the study started, in a barrier trial or race, within one year on entering the study. After accounting for other confounders, horses that had sustained a MS injury were 0.50 times less likely to start, in a race or trial, race than those that did not sustain an injury. Seventy percent of horses returned to training after their first MS injury, and the cumulative percentage of these horses that had recovered within six months of the initial MS injury was 55%. After adjusting for clustering at the level of the trainer, the analysis showed that horses that exercised at a gallop pace ≥ 890 m/minute (but had not started in a race) prior to the onset of MS injury, were 2.14 times more likely to recover than horses whose maximum speed, prior to the onset of the first MS injury, was less than 890 m/minute. Similarly, horses that had started in a race or barrier trial were 4.01 times more likely to recover than horses whose maximum speed was less than 890 m/minute. 8 Training days were grouped into units referred to as preparations. A preparation began on the day that the horse was enrolled in the study, or when a horse returned to training after an absence of more than seven days from the stable. The preparation continued until the horse was lost to follow-up or left the stable for a period of more than seven consecutive days. Univariable and multivariable analytical methods were used to examine the association between a range of independent variables and four preparationlevel measures of performance: (i) the duration of preparations, (ii) length of time from the beginning of the preparation until the first start in a race or barrier trial, (iii) length of time from the first start until the end of the preparation and (iv) rate of starts in races or barrier trials. After adjusting for confounders, younger horses tended to have shorter preparations, took longer to start in a race or barrier trial, had a shorter interval from the first start to the end of the preparation and fewer starts per 100 training days. MS injury was not conditionally associated with any of the outcomes considered in this chapter. Multivariate statistical models were used to explore risk factors for MS injuries. The results suggest that MS injuries involving structures in the lower forelimb (carpus to fetlock inclusive) could be reduced by limiting exposure to high-speed exercise. This supports the proposition that training injuries are caused by the accumulation of micro damage. The results suggest there are a number of other factors that vary at the trainer level that may be risk factors for injuries, in particular joint injuries. These include unmeasured variables such as the rate of increase in distance galloped at high-speed, conformation of the horse, skill of the riders and farrier and veterinary involvement.
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Allsop, Li Li. "Investigating the prevalence of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders in relation to piano players' playing-techniques and practising strategies." University of Western Australia. School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0090.

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This study placed specific emphasis on the motor-skills and practice strategies employed by piano players when practising and performing in relation to playing-related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs). The survey questionnaire-instrument was designed by the researcher to investigate the prevalence of PRMDs among both professional and non-professional piano players. Five hundred and five respondents completed the self-administered survey questionnaire. Out of the total 505 participants, 42% of the players reported PRMDs. The professional players (72%) reported a significantly higher incidence (p < 0.05) of PRMDs in comparison with the non-professional group. The professional players with piano as their major instrument, using predominantly neutral wrist posture (i.e., open-kinetic chain playing technique), reported a significantly higher incidence of PRMDs. Although the present study showed a greater number of years of playing was associated with greater risk of PRMDs, the result also showed that the years of playing had no significant effect on the incidence of PRMDs (p > .05) when it was analyzed with the practice hours within seven days. Moreover, analyzing the practice hours over seven days with the piano major/non-major instrument, the various grade levels and PRMDs; the results showed that the practice hours had no significant effect on the groups with and without PRMDs (p > .05). Although women reported a significantly higher percentage of PRMDs (p < 0.05) than men, there was no significant association between the groups with and without PRMDs when analyzing practice hours over seven days by grade levels and gender. The PRMDs seem to arise when overuse is compounded by misuse and/or adverse playing conditions. The best and safest practice would be to minimize consumption of musculoskeletal force production and combine this with effective practice-breaks between sessions to achieve the optimum goal of daily practice. Keywords: hand injury, PRMDs, wrist pain, hand-span size, playing-technique, and piano player.
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Liu, Ming-chi, and 廖明志. "Musculoskeletal injuries resulting from manual handling in health caresettings: a review of effectiveness forprevention programs." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45173229.

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Sheppard, Bronwyn Jane. "Musculoskeletal and perceptual responses of batsmen comparing high- and moderate-volume sprints between the wickets." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016366.

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Background: Literature has associated repeated eccentric muscle actions with increased muscle damage of the muscles involved. Eccentric actions are typical in sports which are ‘stop-start’ in nature requiring rapid acceleration and deceleration, typical of a batting activity in cricket. Ultra-structural damage of the skeletal muscle as a consequence of repeated decelerating activities is associated with performance decrements, particularly muscle strength and sprinting speeds. This suggests that eccentric strength decrements may provide an indication for the development of muscle strain injuries during these activities. Despite these findings, limited research has identified the specific musculoskeletal demands placed on cricket batsmen, particularly with reference to various match intensities. Objective: The present study, therefore, sought to determine the specific musculoskeletal, physiological and perceptual demands placed on specialised batsmen during two work bouts of different intensities; one representing a highintensity work bout and the other a moderate-intensity work bout. The dependent variables of interest were muscle activation, isokinetic strength changes, heart rate, ‘central’ and ‘local’ ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), body discomfort and performance. Methods: The two experimental conditions, representative of a high- (HVR) and moderate-volume running (MVR) batting protocol, required players to perform a simulated batting work bout of either twelve or six runs an over, within a laboratory setting. Selected physiological, perceptual and performance measures were collected at specific time intervals throughout the work bout while the biophysical measures were collected prior to, and following both protocols. Results: Of the variables measured, heart rate, ‘central’ and ‘local’ RPE values were observed to increase significantly (p<0.05) over time. This increase was greater as a consequence of the HVR in comparison to the MVR. No change in sprint times was documented during the MVR, in contrast, significant (p<0.05) increases over time were observed during the HVR, further highlighting the elevated demands associated with this condition. In addition, an ‘end spurt’ was observed particularly following the HVR condition, suggesting athletes were conserving themselves through the adoption of a pacing strategy. Reductions in biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscle activation levels were observed following the HVR. This was further supported by the significantly greater levels of semitendinosus activation following the MVR when compared to the HVR. Peak concentric and eccentric knee extensor (EXT) (-17.17% and -16.07% respectively) and eccentric flexor (FLEX) (- 17.49%) values decreased significantly (p<0.05) following the HVR at 60°.s-1. In addition, concentric and eccentric total work produced by the flexors and eccentric extensors resulted in significantly (p<0.05) lower values due to the HVR. Conclusion: The intermittent high-volume batting work bout elicited elevated mean heart rates, perceived ratings of cardiovascular and muscular effort and sprint times. Furthermore, hamstring activation levels and muscle strength, particularly concentric strength of the dominant lower limb were negatively affected by the HVR condition. These results suggest elevated demands were placed on the hamstring musculature as a consequence of the HVR condition, indicating a greater degree of musculoskeletal strain and increased injury risk associated with running between the wickets at this intensity, representative of an aggressive batting scenario.
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Wilson, Rhoda M. "An innovative approach for assessing the ergonomic risks of lifting tasks using a video motion capture system." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Mar%5FWilson.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Human Systems Integration)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2006.
Thesis Advisor(s): Michael McCauley. "March 2006." Includes bibliographical references (p. 49-51). Also available online.
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Kelly, Patricia J. "Morphological changes of collagenase induced tendinitis of achilles rat tendons utilizing augmented soft tissue mobilization." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1129629.

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Augmented Soft Tissue Mobilization (ASTM) is a new noninvasive technique utilized to treat chronic musculoskeletal injuries. The purpose of this study was to trace the morphological events in collagenase injured rat Achilles tendons during ASTM treatment and to observe passive occurrence of post treatment remodeling in tendons. Twelve groups of rats were divided into the following categories, A) control, B) sham surgery, C) ASTM only, D) ASTM/sham , E) tendinitis, F) ASTM/tendinitis 1 week, G) ASTM/tendinits 2 weeks H) ASTM/tendinits 3 weeks I) ASTM/tendinits 4 weeks, J) Post ASTM 5 weeks, K) Post ASTM 10 weeks, L) Post ASTM 15 weeks. One week after the last designated treatment, the Achilles tendons were harvested and then prepared for light microscopy, electron microscopy, and bifringence polarizing microscopy. An increase in fibroblast activation and proliferation was noted with the tendinitis, ASTM/tendinitis, and post groups. Ossification occurred in the core of the Achilles tendon in all of the ASTM groups. The presence of inflammatory cells was observed in the tendons and longitudinal remodeling of the collagen fibers did not occur.
Department of Biology
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Brusky, Paula. "Performance Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Bassoon Players." University of Sydney, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5136.

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PhD in Performance
Performance related musculoskeletal disorders (PRMDs) are a frequent reality for practicing musicians. Many aspects of the bassoon make bassoon players particularly susceptible to PRMDs. This thesis explored the prevalence of PRMDs among bassoon players and assessed the frequency, types, and locations of PRMDs. Also identified were treatments used for PRMDs, contributing factors to PRMD development, and the perceptions of the bassoon community regarding PRMDs. The International Bassoonist Questionnaire was distributed via the World Wide Web (n = 166, 58% male, 42% female). Eighty-six percent of bassoon players reported PRMDs. Pain was the most common PRMD symptom reported (78%). Females reported PRMDs (96%) more frequently than males (78%). Younger bassoon players reported more PRMDs. Most bassoon players (88%) were attempting to treat their PRMDs. The most common self-administered treatments were rest (60%) and reducing playing time (53%). Bassoonists attributed the cause of PRMDs to “long hours of practice” and “sudden increase in playing time.” Bassoon players felt strongly that the medical profession did not know how to treat a bassoon related injury. They believed that a knowledgeable teacher was the best resource against the onset of PRMDs even though technical aspects of playing were not identified as significant contributors to PRMDs. The bassoon playing population needs more information about PRMDs in order to develop treatment and prevention strategies.
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Jacka, Karen-Louise. "The effect of work-hardening on the physical work capacity of manual labourers within South African industry." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1016237.

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South Africa is a labour-intensive industrially developing country. As a result, in excess of 200 000 workers suffer from musculoskeletal injuries in a year. Research is thus essential to develop more effective strategies in the reduction and rehabilitation of occupational musculoskeletal disorders within industry. It was the hypothesis of this study that by improving the physical work capacity of manual labourers, through participation in an occupation specific work-hardening programme, that the ergonomic stress index and therefore the occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries within industry, may be reduced. Twenty-five male Black and Coloured manual labourers volunteered to participate in this study. In addition to in situ task analyses, the subjects participated in cardiovascular and strength assessments in the laboratory, both pre- and post-participation in the ten-week work-hardening programme. The data were statistically analyzed in order to identify any significant • improvements in the workers' physical work capacity, as measured by cardiovascular, strength and perceptual responses, following the period of work-hardening. Two significant reductions were noted in measures of working heart rate together with significant improvements in grip strength and trunk strength tested at a velocity of 60°.sec·1 at the post-conditioning assessments. In conclusion, the ten-week work-hardening programme resulted in nominal improvements in all the cardiovascular measures and significant improvements in the subjects' strength performance. However, industrialists must recognise that this study dealt with only one aspect of reducing the ergonomic stress index at the workplace and realise that, in addition to this focus, it remains essential to design the task to fit the human operator.
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Menzel, Nancy Nivison. "Manual Handling Workload and Musculoskeletal Discomfort in Nursing Personnel." [Tampa, Fla. : s.n.], 2001. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000020.

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Books on the topic "Musculoskeletal system – Wounds and injuries"

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E, Ross Amy, Dougherty Paul J, and Borden Institute (U.S.), eds. Musculoskeletal injuries in military women. Fort Detrick, MD: Borden Institute, 2011.

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Browner, Bruce D., and Robert Fuller. Musculoskeletal emergencies. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders, 2013.

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1948-, Houglum Peggy A., and Perrin David H. 1954-, eds. Examination of musculoskeletal injuries. 3rd ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2010.

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1945-, Pynsent P. B., Fairbank, J. C. T., 1948-, and Carr A, eds. Classification of musculoskeletal trauma. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1999.

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F, Zernicke Ronald, ed. Biomechanics of musculoskeletal injury. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 1998.

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F, Zernicke Ronald, ed. Biomechanics of musculoskeletal injury. 2nd ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2008.

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Therapeutic exercise for musculoskeletal injuries. 3rd ed. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics, 2010.

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D, Maitland G., ed. Musculoskeletal and sports injuries. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1994.

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Ivan, Bojanić, ed. Overuse injuries of the musculoskeletal system. 2nd ed. Boca Raton, Fla: CRC Press, 2004.

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Ivan, Bojanić, ed. Overuse injuries of the musculoskeletal system. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Musculoskeletal system – Wounds and injuries"

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Cameron, Kenneth L. "The Burden of Deployment-Related Non-battle Injuries (NBIs) and Their Impact on the Musculoskeletal System." In Musculoskeletal Injuries in the Military, 25–41. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2984-9_3.

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Covey, D. C., and James R. Ficke. "Blast and Fragment Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System." In Orthopedics in Disasters, 269–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48950-5_25.

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Strouse, Peter J., and Karen Rosendahl. "Specific Aspects of Sports Related Injuries of the Pediatric Musculoskeletal System." In Musculoskeletal Diseases 2013–2016, 194–202. Milano: Springer Milan, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-5292-5_25.

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Nedohe, Khumbuzile, Khumbulani Mpofu, and Olasumbo Makinde. "Assessment of Ergonomics Risk Experienced by Welding Workers in a Rail Component Manufacturing Organization." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 227–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-18326-3_23.

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AbstractThe various types of welding workstation designs used in a rail component manufacturing system environment have drawn the attention of industrial engineers to the safety and efficiency of the workers during welding operations. Welding operations are carried out using several posture configurations, which have a negative physical ergonomic impact on the workers, especially in manual welding processes. This empirical research investigates the ergonomics conditions of welding workplaces with the aim of ascertaining the disorders that may be associated with working posture during welding operations among the South African population. Twenty-seven (27) welders were randomly selected, and data was collected using a structured questionnaire. The majority (67 percent of the welders) stated that they experience discomfort and pain whilst they carry out their task, which contradicts ergonomic guidelines for working posture. Forty-eight percent of the welding workers were frequently physically tired. Sixty-three (63) percent agree that they perform repetitive tasks, and a majority of 78% of welding workers reported neck discomfort as a result of tilting their neck posture for a longer period during welding operations. It was deduced that the correlation among risk factors associated with workstation design, repetitive tasks, contribute to the awkward posture adopted whilst welding, that, if retained for a long duration, could lead to musculoskeletal injuries, poor quality of work, and reduced productivity. Based on these results, in order to increase productivity, it was proposed to redesign the welding workstations and to prioritize interventional ergonomic programme to minimize the MSDs problems.
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"Ligamentous Injuries." In MRI of the Musculoskeletal System, edited by Martin Vahlensieck, Harry K. Genant, Maximilian Reiser, James O. Johnston, and Steinborn. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-51108.

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"Osseous Injuries." In MRI of the Musculoskeletal System, edited by Martin Vahlensieck, Harry K. Genant, Maximilian Reiser, James O. Johnston, and Steinborn. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-51113.

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"Ligamentous Injuries." In MRI of the Musculoskeletal System, edited by Martin Vahlensieck, Harry K. Genant, Maximilian Reiser, James O. Johnston, and Steinborn. Stuttgart: Georg Thieme Verlag, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/b-0034-51167.

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Johnson, Ann M., and Matthew A. Marcus. "Upper Extremity Injuries in Children (Including Sports Injuries)." In Imaging of the Musculoskeletal System, 879–915. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4160-2963-2.50040-x.

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Barron, D., J. Farrant, and Philip O'Connor. "Lower Extremity Injuries in Children (Including Sports Injuries)." In Imaging of the Musculoskeletal System, 916–55. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4160-2963-2.50041-1.

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Blankenbaker, Donna G., Kirkland W. Davis, and Richard H. Daffner. "Cervical Spine Injuries." In Imaging of the Musculoskeletal System, 52–88. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4160-2963-2.50009-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Musculoskeletal system – Wounds and injuries"

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Thomopoulos, S., A. Esmail, J. D. Williamson, C. L. Flanagan, J. P. Iannotti, J. E. Carpenter, and L. J. Soslowsky. "Rotator Cuff Tendinosis in an Animal Model: The Role of Extrinsic and Overuse Factors." In ASME 2000 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2000-2557.

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Abstract One of the most common soft tissue injuries of the musculoskeletal system is injury to the rotator cuff tendons of the shoulder. These injuries are commonly attributed to factors such as overuse activity and extrinsic compression. Previous studies on the rotator cuff have been based on surgical reconstructive or clinical retrospective standpoints and were not designed to test hypotheses related to the causes of rotator cuff tendinosis. Our previous study has identified the rat as an appropriate in vivo animal model in which to study rotator cuff disease based on anatomic and functional similarities [1]. The current study uses this animal model to study the roles of extrinsic compression, overuse, and overuse combined with extrinsic compression, on the development of rotator cuff tendinosis. It was hypothesized that a single injury factor would be insufficient to create persistent tendinosis and a combination of injury factors would be necessary.
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Mariano, Davie Rhaja A. "Relationship between the musculoskeletal system & high school sports injuries." In 2016 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isecon.2016.7457564.

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Yupeng Ren, Song Joo Lee, Hyung-Soon Park, and Li-Qun Zhang. "A pivoting elliptical training system for prevention and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries." In 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics (ICORR 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icorr.2013.6650422.

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Lamping, Jeffrey W., Stephen K. Bubb, and Terence E. McIff. "Effectiveness of Negative Pressure in Promoting Tissue Growth Into Porous Metal Implants." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80884.

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Extremity War Injuries (EWI) with large open segmental and periarticular defects constitute a high volume and high morbidity challenge for the military trauma management system. Open segmental tibia and elbow fractures caused by Improvised Explosive Device (IED) wounds, are two examples of such injuries. Several problems occur when trying to repair such a wound. The large, gaping wounds make skin closure difficult. Infection is also a prevalent complication typically caused by debris contaminating the wound. Lastly, large amounts of damaged tissue including segmental bone defects make repair difficult.
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Boliev, E. Sh, and Sh A. Makhamadaminova. "RHINOPLASTY OF POSTTRAUMATIC NOSE INJURIES." In SCIENCE, CULTURE, EDUCATION: CURRENT ISSUES, ACHIEVEMENTS AND INNOVATIONS. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CURRENT RESEARCH CONFERENCES, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/iscrc-intconf06-01.

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The aesthetic and functional significance of the external nose gives particular relevance to the treatment of its injuries. The social importance of the problem is caused by the widespread prevalence of nasoseptal injuries, the frequency of development ofserious post-traumatic disorders of the appearance and normal physiology of patients, and unsatisfactory results of treatment of this pathology. The pyramid of the nose is the most vulnerable and fragile part of the facial skull, therefore, fractures of the nasal bones constitute a significant proportion of all injuries of the musculoskeletal system and occupy the third place among the total number of fractures of the human skeleton, are the most common among emergency conditions of ENT organs. In the general population, patients with this pathology account for up to 0.021%.
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Johnson, Hilary, Sally Miller, Prianca Tawde, Bethany LaPenta, Daniel Teo, Thomas Cervantes, Nishaki Mehta, and Alexander Slocum. "A Novel Lead Garment Structural System to Alleviate Orthopedic Stress for Surgeons." In 2018 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2018-6920.

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Cardiovascular, orthopedic, and interventional radiology procedures using fluoroscopy require healthcare professionals to wear heavy lead garments for radiation protection, sometimes for up to 12 hours per day. Wearing lead garments for prolonged periods of time can lead to musculoskeletal injuries, discomfort, and fatigue. MobiLead is a mobile lead garment frame that was developed to reduce the weight supported by the user in an effort to mitigate these problems. The MobiLead system moves the lower garment load off the user’s body to a structural ground-supported frame and redistributes the upper load from the shoulders to the hips through a torso frame. The system is compact and maximizes the limited space available in operating rooms, while still giving the surgeon adequate mobility for various emergency procedures. Preliminary analysis of device effectiveness was conducted using electromyography and qualitative surgeon user feedback surveys. This paper will discuss the design, fabrication, and testing procedures for this mobile radiation protection system optimizing both support and mobility.
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Lu, Lin, David Wootton, Peter I. Lelkes, and Jack Zhou. "Bone Scaffold Fabrication System Study." In ASME 2007 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2007-31219.

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Musculoskeletal conditions are a major health concern in United States because of a large aging population and increased occurrence of sport-related injuries. The need for bone substitutes is especially important. Traditional treatments of bone-defect have many limitations. Bone tissue engineering may offer a less painful alternative to traditional bone grafts with lower risk of infection. This research integrates biomimetic modeling, solid freedom fabrication (SFF), systems and control, and tissue engineering in one intelligent system for structured, highly porous biomaterials, which will be applied to bone scaffolds. Recently a new SFF-based fabrication system has been developed, which uses a pressurized extrusion to print highly biocompatible and water soluble sucrose bone scaffold porogens. The fabrication process for PCL scaffold implemented and tested using the newly developed porogen system. The resultant scaffold demonstrates the defined porous structure designed into the sucrose porogens. The viscosity of sucrose mixture has been tested and analyzed. The flow rate measurements of sucrose machine have been carried out. The input factor, which induced uncertainty in the flow rate of the microprinting system has been analyzed. The result showed that the reservoir pressure was dominant to determine the flow rate. This is very important for improving the quality control of our fabrication system.
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Shaikh, Imtiyaz, YoungJun Kim, Sankar Jayaram, Uma Jayaram, and Hongsoo Choi. "Integration of Immersive Environment and RULA for Real-Time Study of Workplace Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in the Upper Limb." In ASME 2003 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2003/cie-48298.

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The assessment of musculoskeletal disorders prevalent among industrial workers involved in manual tasks is a difficult and time-consuming process. This paper presents the integration of the rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) algorithm, a well-established ergonomic tool, with a virtual assembly tool (VADE), to facilitate the identification of potential upper limb injuries in assembly processes and identification of potential solutions. In this context, a parametric human model was embedded into the virtual assembly system. The posture of the worker is analyzed continuously (at each frame) in real-time, as he/she performs the task. This allows the engineer to try out different postures and assembly processes quickly to identify the best work environment set-up. One pilot study is presented in this paper to demonstrate the application of this concept. This pilot study (conducted jointly with an industry partner) clearly illustrates the validity and utility of this method in identifying and reducing manual assembly process related musculoskeletal stresses.
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Lima, Lucas M. S. M., and Frederico M. Bublitz. "Sistema de Adequação Ciclistas Recreativos Ergonômica para Ciclistas Recreativos." In XVIII Simpósio Brasileiro de Computação Aplicada à Saúde. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbcas.2018.3691.

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Ergonomics in cycling is an important factor for the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries and performance improvement. Its application resulted in the creation of models responsible for the suitability of the bicycle to the physical characteristics of the cyclist. The proposed methodologies are based on anthropometric and postural assessments. There are commercial techniques for this purpose, but the factors make the demotivating investment for recreational cyclists. Aiming at these challenges was developed the Bike Sense, a system of aid in the ergonomic adaptation of cyclists that seeks to promote simple assessments, fast and without the need for training.
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Okabe, Eduardo P., Daniel L. Miletto, Milton S. Misuta, and José Luiz P. Brittes. "Simulation of a Pole Saw Assisted by a Gyroscopic Effect Device." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70112.

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Abstract Linemen performing pruning activity on vegetation entangled with overhead lines and handling a pole saw is a physically strenuous and risky job. It is a major cause of linemen musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) and others injuries, with more than one type of accumulative musculoskeletal injury like backbone, shoulder, neck and wrists. Although assisted robotic tools could reduce ergonomic issues, it also impairs the quality of work; efficiency and quality require human direct cutting due to a huge imponderability of each particular action on each particular job due different kind of vegetation and shapes. The best approach should be to aid linemen handling the pole saw during pruning. So, as a first step to develop and implement a gyroscopic platform for pruning pole saw, this paper compares and presents a simulation of a regular pole saw with a pole saw assisted by a gyroscopic device using kinematic data obtained by the motion capture system. Kinematic data obtained connects to dynamic simulation, which makes available pole saw control and kickback analysis. Simulation outcome shows that gyroscopic assistance on pole saw has great potential to mitigate harmful pruning dynamic forces for lineman, with no impact on productivity and work quality.
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