Journal articles: 'Muscular science'

1

Ash, Caroline. "Enduring muscular courtship." Science 370, no. 6514 (October 15, 2020): 306.1–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.370.6514.306-a.

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Kuratani, S. "A Muscular Perspective on Vertebrate Evolution." Science 341, no. 6142 (July 11, 2013): 139–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1241451.

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Shilatifard, Ali. "Myoediting for Duchenne muscular dystrophy." Science 359, no. 6375 (February 1, 2018): 530.1–530. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.359.6375.530-a.

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Kiberstis, Paula A. "Gene editing and muscular dystrophy." Science 362, no. 6410 (October 4, 2018): 41.6–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.362.6410.41-f.

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Kolata, G. "Closing in on the muscular dystrophy gene." Science 230, no. 4723 (October 18, 1985): 307–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.4048935.

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Cohen, Jon. "In dogs, CRISPR fixes a muscular dystrophy." Science 361, no. 6405 (August 30, 2018): 835. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.361.6405.835.

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Eder, Jonathon. "Manhood and Mary Baker Eddy: Muscular Christianity and Christian Science." Church History 89, no. 4 (December 2020): 875–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640720001390.

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AbstractOn first examination, “muscular Christianity”—with its emphasis on manly vigor and physical strength—positions itself well afield of Christian Science teachings on the non-physical basis of existence, as propounded by founder Mary Baker Eddy. Nonetheless, both movements arose in the nineteenth century with a deep commitment to revitalizing Christianity and its practical value in an increasingly scientific and secular age, especially regarding bodily well-being. Both Eddy and advocates of muscular Christianity defended their respective systems on scientific and religious grounds, focusing on questions of health. At a time when the Young Men's Christian Association was a leading exponent of muscular Christianity, Eddy saw fit to give it significant philanthropic support. While her gift reflected civic goodwill as opposed to a close relationship with the Association, I argue that it was not anomalous to Eddy's overall values and vision for Christian Science. Like muscular Christians, Eddy was calling for a progressive Christianity that met the criteria of a pragmatic age. In giving attention to issues around manhood, Eddy was signaling the necessity as well as potentiality of Christian spirituality to be a source of health and empowerment for modern man.

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Lemmers, R. J. L. F., P. J. van der Vliet, R. Klooster, S. Sacconi, P. Camano, J. G. Dauwerse, L. Snider, et al. "A Unifying Genetic Model for Facioscapulohumeral Muscular Dystrophy." Science 329, no. 5999 (August 19, 2010): 1650–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1189044.

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Trukhachev, Vladimir, Ivanovna Selionova, Irina Dmitrik, Milan Petrovic, Violeta Caro-Petrovic, Dragana Ruzic-Muslic, and Nevena Maksimovic. "Genetical influence on histological structure and chemical composition of muscular tissue in sheep." Genetika 53, no. 1 (2021): 209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr2101209t.

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The effect of different genotypes kept in the same feeding level on microstructure and chemical composition of muscular tissue (musculus longissimus dorsi) of sheep has studied. The study aims to see how the gene combination of different breeds influences the mentioned problem. It was revealed that sheep muscular tissue obtained by crossing the North-Caucasian breeds (NC) and Texel (T) was characterized by a larger quantity of muscular fibres by 4.73 % and 10.14% (P<0.05), and a smaller diameter by 5.65 % and 18.6% (P< 0.05), a higher evaluation of marbling by 5.2 and 8.3 points, less connective tissue content by 0.8 and 1.3 absolute percentage compared to thoroughbred North-Caucasian and from crossing North-Caucasian with Poll Dorset (PD). It showed that meat obtained from crossing animals of the T?NC variant is more delicate, succulent, and has a total higher quality and consumer properties. The results of different crossing indicate the reasonability to use morphological characteristics of muscular tissue on the histological level when the quality of sheep slaughtering performance had evaluated.

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Gonçalves, Silma Rodrigues, Carla Roberta Tim, Cintia Cristina Santi Martignago, Marcelo Cavenaghi Pereira Silva, Carlos Alberto Anaruma, and Lívia Assis Garcia. "Potencial da terapia por fotobiomodulação no tratamento da atrofia do músculo esquelético." Research, Society and Development 10, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): e931018527. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i1.8527.

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A atrofia do tecido muscular estriado esquelético é um processo complexo causado por um desequilíbrio entre a degradação e síntese de proteínas miofibrilares, levando à redução da força muscular e, consequentemente, influencia o comportamento emocional, a saúde mental e a qualidade de vida dos indivíduos. Desta forma, a atenuação da atrofia e estímulo para formação de um novo tecido muscular é um desafio para reabilitação. Esforços consideráveis têm sido dedicados ao estabelecimento de novos tratamentos, entretanto, ainda faltam dados experimentais e clínicos confiáveis para sua aplicação clínica. Dentre as recursos terapêuticos disponíveis, a terapia por fotobiomodulação (PBMT, do inglês photobiomodulation therapy) apresenta um grande potencial, visto que é frequentemente utilizada como estratégia terapêutica promissoras para a reabilitação do tecido muscular estriado esquelético. Dentro deste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é proporcionar, através de uma revisão narrativa, uma compreensão das evidências atuais disponíveis sobre a importância da PBMT no tratamento de atrofia do músculo esquelético. As buscas foram realizadas nas bases de dados bibliográficas do PubMed/MEDLINE, Biblioteca virtual da saúde (BVS), Web of Science e SciELO. As evidências encontradas neste estudo direcionam que a PBMT pode ser proposta como uma intervenção terapêutica eficaz no tratamento da atrofia muscular, devido ao potencial de estimular fatores regulatórios miogênicos que promovem a ativação e proliferação de células satélites e consequente aumento da formação de fibras musculares, assim como atenuar e apoptose de celular as vias de proteólise da fibra muscular.

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Silva, Maeli Dal Pai, and Robson Francisco Carvalho. "Mecanismos celulares e moleculares que controlam o desenvolvimento e o crescimento muscular." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 36, suppl (July 2007): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982007001000003.

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O músculo estriado esquelético é formado pela associação de fibras musculares com a matriz extracelular. Esse tecido possui alta plasticidade e o conhecimento das características morfológicas, da miogênese, e da dinâmica do crescimento é importante para o entendimento da morfofisiologia bem como para a seleção de animais visando a melhoria na produção de carne. A maioria dos músculos estriados originam-se de células precursoras do mesoderma a partir dos somitos do embrião e o controle da diferenciação ocorre pela ação de fatores indutores ou inibidores. Um grupo de fatores transcricionais, pertencentes à família MyoD tem um papel central na diferenciação muscular. Coletivamente chamados de Fatores de Regulação Miogênica (MRFs), são conhecidos quatro tipos: MyoD, myf-5, miogenina e MRF4. Esses fatores ligam-se à seqüências de DNA conhecidas como Ebox (CANNTG) na região promotora de vários genes músculo-específicos, levando à expressão dos mesmos. As células embrionárias com potencial para diferenciação em células musculares (células precursoras miogênicas) expressam MyoD e Myf-5 e são denominadas de mioblastos. Essas células proliferam, saem do ciclo celular, expressam miogenina e MRF4, que regulam a fusão e a diferenciação da fibra muscular. Uma população de mioblastos que se diferencia mais tardiamente, as células miossatélites, são responsáveis pelo crescimento muscular no período pós natal, que pode ocorrer por hiperplasia e hipertrofia das fibras. As células satélites quiescentes não expressam os MRFs, porém, sob a ação de estímulos como fatores de crescimento ou citocinas, ocorre a ativação desse tipo celular que prolifera e expressa os MRFs de maneira similar ao que ocorre com as células precursoras miogênicas durante a miogênese. Os mecanismos de crescimento muscular são regulados pela expressão temporal dos (MRFs), que controlam a expressão dos genes relacionados com o crescimento muscular.

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Baber, Zaheer. "Underdog Epistemologies and the Muscular, Masculine of Science Hindutva." Social Epistemology 19, no. 1 (January 2005): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02691720500084309.

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13

Roush, W. "Muscular Dystrophy: Backup Gene May Help Muscles Help Themselves." Science 276, no. 5309 (April 4, 1997): 35–0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.276.5309.35.

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Feinberg, A. W., A. Feigel, S. S. Shevkoplyas, S. Sheehy, G. M. Whitesides, and K. K. Parker. "Muscular Thin Films for Building Actuators and Powering Devices." Science 317, no. 5843 (September 7, 2007): 1366–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1146885.

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15

MARANHÃO-FILHO, Péricles, and Maurice VINCENT. "Guillaume-Benjamin Duchenne: a miserable life dedicated to science." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 77, no. 6 (June 2019): 442–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20190044.

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ABSTRACT Duchenne de Boulogne is known mainly by the disease eponymously named “Duchenne muscular dystrophy”, or pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy, although some experts consider that the original description of this disease does not belong to him. Less well known are the facts related to the tragic death of his beloved wife shortly after the birth of his only child, the unjustifiable distance he was forced to keep from this son for more than 30 years, and of being humiliated and professionally despised by his peers. These events made the life of this physician, physiologist, researcher and inventor extremely arduous. We emphasize some aspects of the history of this man, his work and his life, a true genius of few friends.

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Worton, R. "ENHANCED PERSPECTIVE: Muscular Dystrophies--Diseases of the Dystrophin-Glycoprotein Complex." Science 270, no. 5237 (November 3, 1995): 755. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.270.5237.755.

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Roberts, T. J. "Muscular Force in Running Turkeys: The Economy of Minimizing Work." Science 275, no. 5303 (February 21, 1997): 1113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.275.5303.1113.

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18

Lutz, G., and L. Rome. "Built for jumping: the design of the frog muscular system." Science 263, no. 5145 (January 21, 1994): 370–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.8278808.

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19

Bartlett, R., M. Pericak-Vance, L. Yamaoka, J. Gilbert, M. Herbstreith, W. Hung, J. Lee, et al. "A new probe for the diagnosis of myotonic muscular dystrophy." Science 235, no. 4796 (March 27, 1987): 1648–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3029876.

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Pelizzari, Charles, Alexandre Mazzanti, Alceu Gaspar Raiser, Sonia Terezinha dos Anjos Lopes, Dominguita Lühers Graça, Fabiano Zaninni Salbego, Adriano Tony Ramos, et al. "Estimulação elétrica neuromuscular de média freqüência (russa) em cães com atrofia muscular induzida." Ciência Rural 38, no. 3 (June 2008): 736–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782008000300022.

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A estimulação elétrica neuromuscular (EENM) de média freqüência (Russa) ou de Kotz pode ser empregada para a recuperação de massa muscular em animais apresentando atrofia muscular por desuso. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi empregar a EENM de média freqüência no quadríceps femoral de cães com atrofia muscular induzida, avaliando-se a ocorrência de ganho de massa. Foram utilizados oito cães em dois grupos denominados de GI ou controle e de GII ou tratado. Para a indução da atrofia muscular, a articulação fêmoro-tíbio-patelar esquerda foi imobilizada por 30 dias. Após 48 horas da remoção, foi realizada a EENM nos cães do grupo II, três vezes por semana, com intervalo de 48 horas cada sessão, pelo período de 60 dias. Foram avaliadas a mensuração da perimetria da coxa, da goniometria do joelho, as enzimas creatina-quinase (CK) e morfometria das fibras musculares em cortes transversais do músculo vasto lateral, colhido mediante a biópsia muscular. A EENM foi empregada no músculo quadríceps femoral numa freqüência de 2.500Hz, largura de pulso de 50% e relação de tempo on/off de 1:2. Não houve diferença significativa quanto aos valores de perimetria da coxa e a atividade da enzima CK entre os grupos I e II. Na goniometria, houve diminuição significativa (P<0,05) da amplitude articular após a remoção do aparelho de fixação externa somente nos animais do grupo II, em comparação a com tempo zero. Quanto à morfometria das fibras do músculo vasto lateral, foram notados valores maiores de área das fibras no grupo Tratado, em relação ao Controle (P<0,05), no dia 90, e, no grupo Tratado, entre os dias zero e 90. A EENM de média freqüência ocasiona hipertrofia do músculo vasto lateral em cães após a atrofia muscular induzida.

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Che Ismail, Elna Herawati, and Nooraini Othman. "From Diagnosis to Treatment of Muscular Dystrophy: Psychology Meets Medicine." International Journal of Psychological Studies 8, no. 1 (December 30, 2015): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijps.v8n1p85.

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<p>This paper will briefly discuss the condition of muscular dystrophy disease in Malaysia and will explore the potential of psychological approach in managing the muscular dystrophy patients in Malaysia. Muscular dystrophy is a hereditary and progressive degenerative disorder affecting skeletal muscles, and also often other organ systems. This term includes many conditions associated to the muscle wasting and weakness where all are still genetic but having different types due to different genes and differ in severity. It is estimated there are around 43 newborns are affected by muscular dystrophy each year in Malaysia. The real burden of muscular dystrophy in Malaysia is difficult to estimate, since the epidemiological data for each of muscular dystrophies and even for muscular dystrophies in collective are not available. There are not many researches focusing on muscular dystrophy in Malaysia. The few available researches related to muscular dystrophy in Malaysia are mostly revolving around the medical and genetic science aspects of it, not in the psychology and social sides of the disease.</p>

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García Quirós, Didier Adolfo, Erika Cyrus Barker, and Marlene Roselló-Araya. "Beneficios del abordaje fisioterapéutico en la recuperación del dolor muscular de aparición tardía y su influencia en el rendimiento deportivo." Revista Terapéutica 15, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33967/rt.v15i1.122.

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Introducción: el dolor muscular de aparición tardía (DOMS, por sus siglas en inglés), se encuentra dentro de la categoría de lesiones musculares por sobrecarga, cuando esto sucede el atleta no es capaz de realizar sus sesiones de entrenamiento o incluso puede perder la oportunidad de competir. Se realiza esta revisión narrativa con el fin de establecer los beneficios del abordaje fisioterapéutico en la recuperación del DOMS y su influencia en el rendimiento del deportivo. Metodología: estudio descriptivo de revisión bibliográfica basado en artículos ubicados en PubMed, Academic, Search Ultimate, EBSCOhost, en inglés y español durante 2015-2020, utiliza la combinación de descriptores relacionados a DOMS, recuperación muscular y rendimiento deportivo. Se incluyeron 34 artículos, clasificados según el nivel de evidencia de Sackett como sigue: 8 artículos de nivel 1 (24%), 9 de nivel 2 (27%), 5 de nivel 3 (15%), 8 de nivel 4 (24%) y 4 de nivel 5 (10%). Resultados: las modalidades de crioterapia y terapia compresiva han demostrado evidencia significativa en el tratamiento del DOMS, son efectivos para atenuar el dolor, reducir la inflamación. El estiramiento no ha demostrado ser efectivo, pues sólo provoca analgesia temporal. El masaje ha demostrado flexibilidad, puede utilizarse como técnica preventiva y de tratamiento, pues genera modulación del tono muscular y recuperación del equilibrio metabólico. En estadios subagudos, la aplicación de radio frecuencia se encuentra indicada, al incidir en el aporte de oxígeno y nutrientes necesarios para la recuperación muscular. Conclusiones: un factor crítico que influye en el rendimiento deportivo es la presencia del dolor muscular de aparición tardía; múltiples beneficios se asocian a su abordaje fisioterapéutico. Resulta fundamental ya que, potencia las habilidades físicas e interviene sobre los procesos fisiológicos que se encuentran alterados con la aparición de dicho trastorno.

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Hoffman, E., A. Monaco, C. Feener, and L. Kunkel. "Conservation of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene in mice and humans." Science 238, no. 4825 (October 16, 1987): 347–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3659917.

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Malhotra, S., K. Hart, H. Klamut, N. Thomas, S. Bodrug, A. Burghes, M. Bobrow, et al. "Frame-shift deletions in patients with Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy." Science 242, no. 4879 (November 4, 1988): 755–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3055295.

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Scott, M., J. Sylvester, T. Heiman-Patterson, Y. Shi, W. Fieles, H. Stedman, A. Burghes, P. Ray, R. Worton, and K. Fischbeck. "Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene expression in normal and diseased human muscle." Science 239, no. 4846 (March 18, 1988): 1418–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.2450401.

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Okano, Takahisa, and Takehisa Matsuda. "Muscular Tissue Engineering: Capillary-Incorporated Hybrid Muscular Tissues in Vivo Tissue Culture." Cell Transplantation 7, no. 5 (September 1998): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096368979800700502.

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Requirements for a functional hybrid muscular tissue are 1) a high density of multinucleated cells, 2) a high degree of cellular orientation, and 3) the presence of a capillary network in the hybrid tissue. Rod-shaped hybrid muscular tissues composed of C2C12 cells (skeletal muscle myoblast cell line) and type I collagen, which were prepared using the centrifugal cell-packing method reported in our previous article, were implanted into nude mice. The grafts, comprised three hybrid tissues (each dimension, diameter, approximately 0.3 mm, length, approximately 1 mm, respectively), were inserted into the subcutaneous spaces on the backs of nude mice. All nude mice that survived the implantation were sacrificed at 1, 2, and 4 wk after the implantation. The grafts were easily distinguishable from the subcutaneous tissues of host mice with implantation time. The grafts increased in size with time after implantation, and capillary networks were formed in the vicinities and on the surfaces of the grafts. One week after implantation, many capillaries formed in the vicinities of the grafts. In the central portion of the graft, few capillaries and necrotic cells were observed. Mononucleated myoblasts were densely distributed and a low number of multinucleated myotubes were scattered. Two weeks after implantation, the formation of a capillary network was induced, resulting in the surfaces of the grafts being covered by capillaries. Numerous elongated multinucleated myotubes and mononucleated myoblasts were densely distributed and numerous capillaries were observed throughout the grafts. Four weeks after implantation a dense capillary network was formed in the vicinities and on the surfaces of the grafts. In the peripheral portion of the graft, multinucleated myotubes in the vicinities of the rich capillaries were observed. Thus, hybrid muscular tissues in vitro preconstructed was remodeled in vivo, which resulted in facilitating the incorporation of capillary networks into the tissues. © 1998 Elsevier Science Inc.

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Rieger, Débora Kurrle, João Pedro Faraco, and Bruna Cunha Mendes. "Efeito de dietas hiperproteicas nas adaptações musculares induzidas pelo treinamento resistido: revisão de literatura." Extensio: Revista Eletrônica de Extensão 18, no. 38 (April 28, 2021): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1807-0221.2021.e69879.

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O objetivo do estudo foi analisar o efeito de dietas hiperproteicas nas adaptações musculares em indivíduos praticantes de treinamento resistido, assim como relatar possíveis alterações em dosagens bioquímicas de hormônios anabólicos. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura nas bases de dados online PubMed, Scopus e Web of Science. Os estudos encontrados analisaram o efeito da ingestão de proteínas em quantidades a partir de 0,8 g/kg/dia até 4,4 g/kg/dia em períodos de duas a dezesseis semanas. Corroborando com a International Society of Sports Nutrition, Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, American College of Sports Medicine e Nutrition guidelines for strentgh sports: Sprinting, weightlifting, throwing events, and bodybuilding, a presente revisão aponta que a ingestão de proteínas visando a hipertrofia muscular em praticantes de treinamento resistido, deve ser de aproximadamente 2 g/kg/dia. Quantidades acima deste valor não resultam em maior aumento de massa muscular em praticantes de treinamento resistido.

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Madeira, Luciene Aparecida, José Roberto Sartori, Érika Salgado Politi Braga Saldanha, Carla Cachoni Pizzolante, Maeli Dal Pai Silva, Ariel Antonio Mendes, Sabrina Endo Takahashi, and William Vicent Narvaez Solarte. "Morfologia das fibras musculares esqueléticas de frangos de corte de diferentes linhagens criados em sistemas de confinamento e semiconfinamento." Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia 35, no. 6 (December 2006): 2322–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-35982006000800018.

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Avaliou-se o efeito da linhagem, do sistema de criação e do sexo sobre o peso vivo, o rendimento de carcaça e de pernas e os aspectos morfológicos das fibras musculares esqueléticas do músculo flexor longo do hálux de frangos de corte. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2 x 2, ou seja, quatro linhagens (Ross-308, Pescoço Pelado Label Rouge, Caipirinha e Paraíso Pedrês), dois sistemas de criação (confinamento e semiconfinamento) e dois sexos, com duas repetições por tratamento, sendo que cada ave retirada ao acaso aos 56 dias de idade foi considerada uma unidade experimental, totalizando 64 aves. A linhagem Ross apresentou maior peso vivo e maiores pesos de carcaça, de pernas, de carne de penas e do músculo flexor longo do hálux e maiores rendimentos de carcaça e de carnes de pernas que as outras linhagens. A maior massa muscular das aves selecionadas para alta taxa de crescimento está relacionada ao aumento na área dos três tipos de fibras musculares (SO, FOG e FG). Machos apresentaram maior massa muscular e musculatura mais glicolítica que fêmeas. O sistema de semiconfinamento alterou a composição de fibras musculares esqueléticas dos machos, tornando-a mais oxidativa, porém, esse efeito não foi observado nas fêmeas.

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Tzetlin, Alexander B., and Anna V. Filippova. "Muscular system in polychaetes (Annelida)." Hydrobiologia 535-536, no. 1 (March 2005): 113–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-004-1409-x.

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30

Fu, Y., A. Pizzuti, R. Fenwick, J. King, S. Rajnarayan, P. Dunne, J. Dubel, et al. "An unstable triplet repeat in a gene related to myotonic muscular dystrophy." Science 255, no. 5049 (March 6, 1992): 1256–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1546326.

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Chamberlain, J., J. Pearlman, D. Muzny, R. Gibbs, J. Ranier, C. Caskey, and A. Reeves. "Expression of the murine Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene in muscle and brain." Science 239, no. 4846 (March 18, 1988): 1416–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.3347839.

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Oprea, G. E., S. Krober, M. L. McWhorter, W. Rossoll, S. Muller, M. Krawczak, G. J. Bassell, C. E. Beattie, and B. Wirth. "Plastin 3 Is a Protective Modifier of Autosomal Recessive Spinal Muscular Atrophy." Science 320, no. 5875 (April 25, 2008): 524–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1155085.

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Hong, Deockki. "Learning Muscular Fitness Knowledge Using a Science-Based Physical Education Curriculum." Korean Journal of Sport Pedagogy 24, no. 3 (July 31, 2017): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21812/kjsp.2017.07.24.3.25.

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Sleigh, James N., Stuart J. Grice, Kay E. Davies, and Kevin Talbot. "Spinal muscular atrophy at the crossroads of basic science and therapy." Neuromuscular Disorders 23, no. 1 (January 2013): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nmd.2012.08.008.

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Wood, Addison, Morgan Boren, Taylor Dodgen, Russell Wagner, and Rita M. Patterson. "Muscular architecture of the popliteus muscle and the basic science implications." Knee 27, no. 2 (March 2020): 308–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2019.12.001.

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Meyer, Andrew R., Christopher J. Wynveen, and Nick Watson. "Measurement of muscular Christian ideals in sport: Validation of the Contemporary Muscular Christian Instrument." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 55, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690218796162.

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Muscular Christianity’s influential role in establishing Western sport values and ideals during the 19th century has long been acknowledged by sport scholars. Yet these relatively dated sets of physical moral constructs are rarely understood as having lasting relevance, or as forming part of the contemporary attraction to sport, and thus have been missing in critical sociological analyses of sport. While shown to be valid and reliable, initial results from developing the Contemporary Muscular Christian Instrument (CMCI) also suggested that modifications to item wording could enhance readability and capture all six theorized factors of muscular Christianity, supported by literature. The current scale development study is aimed to strengthen the instrument and verify its structural validity and internal consistency among a more diverse sample population: spectators at the 2014 Tour de France. Following data collection and cleaning of data, a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted, and internal consistencies were examined. Results indicate strong support for the structural validity of the revised 20-item, 6-factor CMCI, showing strong factor loadings across all items and acceptable internal consistencies for all six-theorized factors. Findings among this international sample of sport spectators suggest that historic muscular Christian themes used to develop this instrument continue to shape and influence perceptions of what is deemed good, right, and valuable in sport. Our findings point to the importance of understanding these six moral constructs as contemporary discussions on the social value and importance of such activities evolve. The revised CMCI provides sociologists of sport a tool by which to examine theorized muscular Christian constructs, promoting certain values about sport and its social “good,” and allows for further investigation into sports’ social significance, meanings, and values within related topics. This paper details the improvements to the survey instrument, the CFA results, and recommendations for future application and research using the survey instrument.

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Rossi, Juliana Regina, Silvana Martinez Baraldi-Artoni, Daniela Oliveira, Claudinei da Cruz, Vanessa Sobue Franzo, and Alex Sagula. "Morphology of glandular stomach (Ventriculus glandularis) and muscular stomach (Ventriculus muscularis) of the partrigde Rhynchotus rufescens." Ciência Rural 35, no. 6 (December 2005): 1319–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84782005000600014.

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Twenty adult partridges Rhynchotus rufescens were used for morphologic and histological study. The materials destined to the morphologic study were collected and the lengths of the glandular stomach and of the muscular stomach were measured. For the histological study, fragments of the glandular stomach (gastric proventriculus, Ventriculus glandularis) and of the muscular stomach (gastric ventriculus, Ventriculus muscularis) were stained routinely with periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) and Masson’s trichrome stain. Glandular stomach is prolonged, with a fusiform format toward craniocaudalis and for the left. It presents a mean length of 3.20cm in the females and 3.65cm in the males. Gastric proventriculus is composed by several lobes and glands. The mucosa is formed by a simple cubic epithelium, which is much folded. Muscular stomach has the format of a biconvex lens, with 4.30cm and 4.35cm of mean length for the females and male, respectively. The mucosa is formed by folds lined by columnar cells and the mucus that forms the cuticula. There are crypts in the base of the folds. Closely, there is a lamina propria and a thick smooth muscle layer, which is placed according to the format of the organ. A dense portion of connective tissue constitutes the serosa, mixed by some smooth muscle cells.

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Gil-Cosano, Jose J., Luis Gracia-Marco, Esther Ubago-Guisado, Jairo H. Migueles, Jose Mora-Gonzalez, María V. Escolano-Margarit, José Gómez-Vida, José Maldonado, and Francisco B. Ortega. "Muscular Fitness Mediates the Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Areal Bone Mineral Density in Children with Overweight/Obesity." Nutrients 11, no. 11 (November 14, 2019): 2760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11112760.

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The association between vitamin D [25(OH)D] and bone health has been widely studied in children. Given that 25(OH)D and bone health are associated with muscular fitness, this could be the cornerstone to understand this relationship. Hence, the purpose of this work was to examine if the relation between 25(OH)D and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was mediated by muscular fitness in children with overweight/obesity. Eighty-one children (8-11 years, 53 boys) with overweight/obesity were included. Body composition was measured with dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), 25(OH)D was measured in plasma samples and muscular fitness was assessed by handgrip and standing long jump tests (averaged z-scores were used to represent overall muscular fitness). Simple mediation analyses controlling for sex, years from peak height velocity, lean mass and season were carried out. Our results showed that muscular fitness z-score, handgrip strength and standing long jump acted as mediators in the relationship between 25(OH)D and aBMD outcomes (percentages of mediation ranged from 49.6% to 68.3%). In conclusion, muscular fitness mediates the association of 25(OH)D with aBMD in children with overweight/obesity. Therefore, 25(OH)D benefits to bone health could be dependent on muscular fitness in young ages.

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Blasco, A., and M. Piles. "Muscular pH of the rabbit." Annales de Zootechnie 39, no. 2 (1990): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:19900205.

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Noguchi, S., E. M. McNally, K. B. Othmane, Y. Hagiwara, Y. Mizuno, M. Yoshida, H. Yamamoto, et al. "Mutations in the Dystrophin-Associated Protein [IMAGE]-Sarcoglycan in Chromosome 13 Muscular Dystrophy." Science 270, no. 5237 (November 3, 1995): 819–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.270.5237.819.

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Melki, J., S. Lefebvre, L. Burglen, P. Burlet, O. Clermont, P. Millasseau, S. Reboullet, et al. "De novo and inherited deletions of the 5q13 region in spinal muscular atrophies." Science 264, no. 5164 (June 3, 1994): 1474–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.7910982.

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Sicinski, P., Y. Geng, A. Ryder-Cook, E. Barnard, M. Darlison, and P. Barnard. "The molecular basis of muscular dystrophy in the mdx mouse: a point mutation." Science 244, no. 4912 (June 30, 1989): 1578–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.2662404.

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Merzendorfer, H. "MUSCULAR DYSTROPHIES: A NOVEL PLAYER." Journal of Experimental Biology 208, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): vii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.01388.

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Akhmetov, Kanat Kambarovich, and Irina Yurievna Chidunchi. "Structural Organization of Muscular Elements of a Skin-Muscular Sac of Trematodes: Literature Survey." International Journal of Zoological Research 11, no. 1 (December 15, 2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijzr.2015.1.8.

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LANGE, DALE J. "Post-Polio Muscular Atrophy." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 753, no. 1 The Post-Poli (May 1995): 151–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1995.tb27541.x.

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Iqbal, Aqsa, Ulrike May, Stuart N. Prince, Tero A. H. Järvinen, and Ahlke Heydemann. "Systemically Administered Homing Peptide Targets Dystrophic Lesions and Delivers Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGFβ) Inhibitor to Attenuate Murine Muscular Dystrophy Pathology." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 9 (September 18, 2021): 1506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13091506.

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Muscular dystrophy is a progressively worsening and lethal disease, where accumulation of functionality-impairing fibrosis plays a key pathogenic role. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1) is a central signaling molecule in the development of fibrosis in muscular dystrophic humans and mice. Inhibition of TGFβ1 has proven beneficial in mouse models of muscular dystrophy, but the global strategies of TGFβ1 inhibition produce significant detrimental side effects. Here, we investigated whether murine muscular dystrophy lesion-specific inhibition of TGFβ1 signaling by the targeted delivery of therapeutic decorin (a natural TGFβ inhibitor) by a vascular homing peptide CAR (CARSKNKDC) would reduce skeletal muscle fibrosis and pathology and increase functional characteristics of skeletal muscle. We demonstrate that CAR peptide homes to dystrophic lesions with specificity in two muscular dystrophy models. Recombinant fusion protein consisting of CAR peptide and decorin homes selectively to sites of skeletal muscle damage in mdxDBA2/J and gamma-sarcoglycan deficient DBA2/J mice. This targeted delivery reduced TGFβ1 signaling as demonstrated by reduced nuclear pSMAD staining. Three weeks of targeted decorin treatment decreased both membrane permeability and fibrosis and improved skeletal muscle function in comparison to control treatments in the mdxD2 mice. These results show that selective delivery of decorin to the sites of skeletal muscle damage attenuates the progression of murine muscular dystrophy.

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Endo, Tamao, and Tatsushi Toda. "Glycosylation in Congenital Muscular Dystrophies." Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 26, no. 12 (2003): 1641–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1248/bpb.26.1641.

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Salera, Simona, Francesca Menni, Maurizio Moggio, Sophie Guez, Monica Sciacco, and Susanna Esposito. "Nutritional Challenges in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy." Nutrients 9, no. 6 (June 10, 2017): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu9060594.

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Santos-Júnior, Francisco Fleury Uchoa. "Transmissão de força miofascial: uma revisão sistemática dos fundamentos e implicações para a Fisioterapia." Fisioterapia Brasil 16, no. 2 (June 30, 2016): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.33233/fb.v16i2.279.

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A tensão produzida em um músculo pode ser transferida para estruturas distantes através de uma rede de tecido conectivo que se encontra ao longo do corpo: a fáscia. Entretanto, a transmissão de força miofascial em humanos ainda é pouco investigada. O objetivo deste artigo é identificar e analisar os principais achados e as implicações da transmissão de força miofascial para a Fisioterapia. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática que contempla as bases de dados virtuais Bireme, Science Direct, Pedro e Pubmed fazendo uso das palavras-chave ”transmissão de força miofascial”, ”fisioterapia” e “humanos” com suas variantes em português e inglês. Foram selecionados, ao final, 11 artigos, disponibilizados na íntegra, entre 2003 e 2013, sobre transmissão de força muscular via fáscia em humanos e/ou animais. Estudos em laboratório demonstram acréscimo de força transmitida para o ventre muscular ou para o tendão via tecido conectivo. Dessa forma, tecidos adjacentes estão sendo influenciados via transmissão miofascial.Estudos posteriores mostraram que a verificação desse acréscimo de força se mostra substancial, principalmente em grupos musculares saudáveis ou sem danos aparentes. Diversos estudos confirmam esta hipótese também em humanos, podendo ter relação com a aplicabilidade de técnicas globais como Osteopatia, Pilates e Reeducação Postural Global, dentre outros. Portanto, não há dúvidas sobre a ocorrência da transmissão de força miofascial, contudo é necessária a realização de estudos que elucidem o modo na qual ela ocorre.Palavras-chave: tecido conjuntivo, fáscia, força muscular, Fisioterapia.

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Solano García, Wilson, and Pedro Carazo Vargas. "INTERVENCIONES CON EJERCICIO CONTRA RESISTENCIA EN LA PERSONA ADULTA MAYOR DIAGNOSTICADA CON SARCOPENIA. UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA." Pensar en Movimiento: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud 16, no. 1 (April 13, 2018): 30000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/pensarmov.v16i1.30000.

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Propósito: Examinar la evidencia generada de las intervenciones basadas en ejercicio contra resistencia en la persona adulta mayor diagnosticada con Sarcopenia. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda de literatura mediante la combinación de palabras claves en las siguientes bases de datos EBSCO HOST; OVID; PROQUEST: Public health data base, Research library; SCIENCE DIRECT; SPRINGER LINK; COCRANE LIBRARY; PUBMED; SCIELO; LILACS; PEDro, se obtuvo 7819 estudios de los cuales cinco cumplen con los criterios de inclusión: artículos de carácter experimental, ejercicio contra resistencia como intervención, texto completo, idioma en inglés/español, adultos mayores de 60 años diagnosticados con Sarcopenia. Resultados: La mayoría de los estudios revelaron aumentos en porcentajes de cambio en variables asociadas a la Sarcopenia, masa muscular (3,28%), fuerza muscular (19,16%) y función muscular (18,12%). Al analizar los detalles de las intervenciones se evidenció mejoras trabajando al menos 12 semanas con una frecuencia de 2-3 días durante 60 minutos de sesión, estimulando los principales grupos musculares a intensidades entre 60-85% (1RM) durante 3 series entre 6-15 repeticiones con descansos de 1-2 minutos entre serie, además, se obtienen beneficios similares al ejercitarse con máquinas biomecánicas o ejercicios con peso libre. Conclusiones: El ejercicio contra resistencia mejora variables físicas asociadas a la Sarcopenia en personas que presentan este síndrome. Al analizar las recomendaciones de prescripción de ejercicio para contrarrestar los efectos de la Sarcopenia, basadas en personas que no presentaban Sarcopenia y compararlas con las encontradas en el presente estudio, se muestra que son similares.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Muscular science'

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