Academic literature on the topic 'Muscle power'

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Journal articles on the topic "Muscle power"

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Josephson, R. K. "Dissecting muscle power output." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 23 (December 1, 1999): 3369–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.23.3369.

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The primary determinants of muscle force throughout a shortening-lengthening cycle, and therefore of the net work done during the cycle, are (1) the shortening or lengthening velocity of the muscle and the force-velocity relationship for the muscle, (2) muscle length and the length-tension relationship for the muscle, and (3) the pattern of stimulation and the time course of muscle activation following stimulation. In addition to these primary factors, there are what are termed secondary determinants of force and work output, which arise from interactions between the primary determinants. The secondary determinants are length-dependent changes in the kinetics of muscle activation, and shortening deactivation, the extent of which depends on the work that has been done during the preceding shortening. The primary and secondary determinants of muscle force and work are illustrated with examples drawn from studies of crustacean muscles.
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Martin, James C. "Muscle Power." Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews 35, no. 2 (April 2007): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jes.0b013e31803eb0a0.

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Leonard, Patrick. "Muscle power." New Scientist 193, no. 2592 (February 2007): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(07)60473-4.

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Carson, Louise. "Muscle power." Equine Health 2011, no. 2 (November 8, 2011): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/eqhe.2011.1.2.16.

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Tan, Ming A., Franz K. Fuss, and Dhanjoo Ghista. "Muscle Power Indexing for Sports Applications(Sports Biomechanics)." Proceedings of the Asian Pacific Conference on Biomechanics : emerging science and technology in biomechanics 2004.1 (2004): 205–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeapbio.2004.1.205.

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Josephson, R. "Power output from a flight muscle of the bumblebee Bombus terrestris. II. Characterization of the parameters affecting power output." Journal of Experimental Biology 200, no. 8 (April 1, 1997): 1227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.200.8.1227.

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1. Length-tension relationships and work output were investigated in the intact, dorso-ventral flight muscle of the bumblebee Bombus terrestris. The muscle is an asynchronous muscle. Like other asynchronous flight muscles, it has high resting stiffness and produces relatively low active force in response to tetanic stimulation. 2. The muscle shows shortening deactivation and stretch activation, properties that result in delayed force changes in response to step changes in length, a phase lag between force and length during imposed sinusoidal strain and, under appropriate conditions, positive work output during oscillatory length change. 3. Work loops were used to quantify work output by the muscle during imposed sinusoidal oscillation. The curves relating net work per cycle with muscle length, oscillatory strain and oscillatory frequency were all roughly bell-shaped. The work-length curve was narrow. The optimum strain for net work per cycle was approximately 3 %, which is probably somewhat greater than the strain experienced by the muscle in an intact, flying bumblebee. The optimum frequency for net work output per cycle was 63 Hz (30 °C). The optimum frequency for power output was 73 Hz, which agrees well with the normal wing stroke frequency if allowance is made for the elevated temperature (approximately 40 °C) in the thorax of a flying bumblebee. The optimal strain for work output was not strongly dependent on oscillation frequency. 4. Resilience (that is the work output during shortening/work input during lengthening) for unstimulated muscle and dynamic stiffness (=stress/strain) for both stimulated and unstimulated muscles were determined using the strain (3 %) and oscillation frequency (64 Hz) which maximized work output in stimulated muscles. Unstimulated muscle is a good energy storage device. Its resilience increased with increasing muscle length (and increasing resting force) to reach values of over 90 %. The dynamic stiffness of both stimulated and unstimulated muscles increased with muscle length, but the increase was relatively greater in unstimulated muscle, and at long muscle lengths the stiffness of unstimulated muscle exceeded that of stimulated muscle. Effectively, dynamic stiffness is reduced by stimulation! This is taken as indicating that part of the stiffness in an unstimulated muscle reflects structures, possibly attached cross bridges, whose properties change upon stimulation.
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Askew, Graham N., and Richard L. Marsh. "Muscle designed for maximum short-term power output: quail flight muscle." Journal of Experimental Biology 205, no. 15 (August 1, 2002): 2153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.15.2153.

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SUMMARYTake-off in birds at high speeds and steep angles of elevation requires a high burst power output. The mean power output of the pectoralis muscle of blue-breasted quail (Coturnix chinensis) during take-off is approximately 400 W kg-1 muscle, as determined using two independent methods. This burst power output is much higher than has been measured in any other cyclically contracting muscle. The power output of muscle is determined by the interactions between the physiological properties of the muscle, the stimulation regime imposed by the central nervous system and the details of the strain cycle, which are determined by the reciprocal interaction between the muscle properties and the environmental load. The physiological adaptations that enable a high power output to be achieved are those that allow the muscle to develop high stresses whilst shortening rapidly. These characteristics include a high myofibrillar density, rapid twitch contraction kinetics and a high maximum intrinsic velocity of shortening. In addition, several features of the strain cycle increase the power output of the quail pectoralis muscle. First, the muscle operates at a mean length shorter than the plateau of the length/force relationship. Second,the muscle length trajectory is asymmetrical, with 70 % of the cycle spent shortening. The asymmetrical cycle is expected to increase the power output substantially. Third, subtle deviations in the velocity profile improve power output compared with a simple asymmetrical cycle with constant lengthening and shortening rates. The high burst power outputs found in the flight muscles of quail and similar birds are limited to very brief efforts before fatigue occurs. This strong but short flight performance is well-suited to the rapid-response anti-predation strategy of these birds that involves a short flight coupled with a subsequent sustained escape by running. These considerations serve as a reminder that the maximum power-producing capacities of muscles need to be considered in the context of the in vivosituation within which the muscles operate.
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McNitt-Gray, Jill L. "Human Muscle Power." International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 4, no. 2 (May 1988): 178–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.4.2.178.

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Reid, Kieran F., and Roger A. Fielding. "Skeletal Muscle Power." Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews 40, no. 1 (January 2012): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jes.0b013e31823b5f13.

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Blake, Ollie M., and James M. Wakeling. "Muscle coordination limits efficiency and power output of human limb movement under a wide range of mechanical demands." Journal of Neurophysiology 114, no. 6 (December 1, 2015): 3283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00765.2015.

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This study investigated the influence of cycle frequency and workload on muscle coordination and the ensuing relationship with mechanical efficiency and power output of human limb movement. Eleven trained cyclists completed an array of cycle frequency (cadence)-power output conditions while excitation from 10 leg muscles and power output were recorded. Mechanical efficiency was maximized at increasing cadences for increasing power outputs and corresponded to muscle coordination and muscle fiber type recruitment that minimized both the total muscle excitation across all muscles and the ineffective pedal forces. Also, maximum efficiency was characterized by muscle coordination at the top and bottom of the pedal cycle and progressive excitation through the uniarticulate knee, hip, and ankle muscles. Inefficiencies were characterized by excessive excitation of biarticulate muscles and larger duty cycles. Power output and efficiency were limited by the duration of muscle excitation beyond a critical cadence (120–140 rpm), with larger duty cycles and disproportionate increases in muscle excitation suggesting deteriorating muscle coordination and limitations of the activation-deactivation capabilities. Most muscles displayed systematic phase shifts of the muscle excitation relative to the pedal cycle that were dependent on cadence and, to a lesser extent, power output. Phase shifts were different for each muscle, thereby altering their mechanical contribution to the pedaling action. This study shows that muscle coordination is a key determinant of mechanical efficiency and power output of limb movement across a wide range of mechanical demands and that the excitation and coordination of the muscles is limited at very high cycle frequencies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Muscle power"

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Stavric, Verna A. "Muscle power after stroke." AUT University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/131.

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Stroke is the leading cause of disability worldwide. It often leads to mobility limitations resulting from deficits in muscle performance. While reduced muscle strength and rate of force production have been reported, little is known about the power generating capability of people after stroke and its relationship to mobility. Research in other populations has found that measures of muscle power may have a greater association with activity performance than do measures of muscle force alone. Consequently, in an attempt to optimise power, investigators have focused on identifying ideal parameters within which to train for power. One such parameter is the identification of the loading level at which maximal power is generated. Literature reporting optimal loads from both young athletic and healthy older populations has yielded mixed results, making the applicability to a hemiparetic population difficult. The purpose of this study was to investigate muscle power performance at differing loads and to determine at what load muscle power is best elicited in hemiparetic and age and gender matched control groups. A secondary aim was to ascertain whether there is a relationship between the muscle power values obtained and activities such as gait, stair climbing and standing from a chair. Twenty nine hemiparetic volunteers and twenty nine age and gender matched controls were evaluated. Involved and uninvolved legs of the stroke group and a comparison leg of the control group underwent testing. Leg press muscle power was measured using a modified supine leg press machine at 30%, 50% and 70% of a one-repetition maximum (1-RM) load. Participants were positioned on the leg press machine and asked to push, with a single leg, as hard and as fast as they could. Data was collected via a mounted force platform and a linear transducer connected to a platform on which the participants lay. From these, power was able to be calculated. The activities were timed while being performed as fast as possible. The results showed that peak muscle power values differed significantly between the involved, uninvolved and control legs. Peak leg power in all three leg groups was greatest when pushing against a load of 30% of 1-RM. Involved leg peak power tested at 30% of 1-RM (Mean:240; SD:145 W) was significantly lower (p<0.05) than the uninvolved leg (Mean:506; SD:243 W). Both the involved and uninvolved legs generated significantly lower peak power (p<0.05) than the control leg (Mean:757; SD:292 W). Correlations were found between the involved leg peak power and gait speed and involved leg peak power and stair climbing (r=0.6-0.7, p<0.05). No correlation was found between paretic leg peak power and chair stands. The control group leg peak power demonstrated significant associations with the performance of all three activities.In summary, there were significant differences between the involved and the uninvolved leg in power production after stroke. As well, there are significant differences between the uninvolved leg and the leg of those not affected by stroke. Power was related to a number of activities.
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Hamby, Derek Grady. "Chronic effects of creatine monohydrate on strength and power." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1074541.

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The use of creative monohydrate (CM) supplementation by athletes to increase strength and lean body mass has great anecdotal support. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation was to document the chronic effects of CM supplementation on resistance trained athletes. Sixteen collegiate football players were randomly separated into a CM and placebo (P) group. Supplementation in capsule form consisted of 5 g CM or P per day throughout a 10 week resistance training program. Pre- and Post-testing consisted of 1) Weight. 2) Body fat estimation. 3) One repetition maximal bench press, squat, and power clean. 4) Cybex testing was also included. Results revealed the CM group was able to significantly increase measures of strength and power, as well as increase body mass without a change in body fat %, while the P group showed no significant changes. Data was analyzed using a paired t-test and ANCOVA (p < 0.05). CM PPrePostPrePostBody Wt (lbs)234.5 + 34.41237.37 + 31.34*215.57 ± 55.12213.0 ± 48.897-site fat %15.37+5.5116.68+6.5813.52 + 10.0913.58+8.33Bench Press (lbs)328.75 + 27.87- 340.0 + 27.65*287.14 + 58.94283.57 + 48.71Squats (lbs)532.86 + 130.92592.14 + 123.86*489.17 + 149.81512.50 ± 161.89Power Cleans271.88 + 47.73288.75 + 45.34*246.00 + 33.99241.00 + 64.65* Denotes significant measureThe data from this study supports the anecdotal claims. Further, contrary to what would be expected with long term resistance training alone, the placebo group failed to increase strength and power measures. This suggests that the resistance program lacked sufficient stimuli or that overtraining might have occurred. However, subjects ingesting CM were able to increase strength and power measures. Thus, it appears that CM may also serve as a buffer to overtraining.
School of Physical Education
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Sonnekalb, Sara. "Impact of different warm-up conditions on hamstring torque and power." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://www.oregonpdf.org.

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Thesis (M. Ed.)--Bowling Green State University, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 38-44). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.
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Dolan, Patricia. "Maximal short-term power output from human muscle." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 1985. http://repository.londonmet.ac.uk/3313/.

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Winsley, Richard James. "Peak aerobic power of children." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388595.

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Bennie, Kirsty Jane. "Electromyographic assessment of human muscle function." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322357.

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Gilliver, Sally Frances. "The determinants of power in isolated skinned muscle fibres." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.523112.

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Gilmour, Kathleen Mary. "Power output and efficiency of asynchronous insect flight muscle." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240111.

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Baker, Julien Steven. "Optimisation considerations for the measurement of human muscle power." Thesis, University of South Wales, 2000. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/optimisation-considerations-for-the-measurement-of-human-muscle-power(6dd8a26f-b3d9-47c4-8511-90bd35f18ac3).html.

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High intensity cycle ergometer exercise tests are designed to measure power outputs. Most of the tests utilise resistive forces that are based on total-body mass values (TBM). Conceptually, selecting an optimal resistive force based on total-body mass may not be the best approach. Resistive forces that reflect the mass of the lean tissue specifically involved in the performance of the diagnostic task may be more appropriate. To investigate this theory the following studies were proposed. STUDY ONE. To identify the upper body contribution to a cycle ergometer test via the handgrip. STUDY TWO. To examine any differences in power profiles, when loading procedures were based on total-body mass (TBM) or fat-free mass (FFM). STUDY THREE. To investigate the sympathoadrenergic and blood lactate responses, when loading procedures were based on total-bodymass (TBM) or fat-free mass (FFM).STUDY FOUR. To measure blood concentrations of, lipidhydroperoxides (LH), malondialdehyde (MDA), creatine kinase (CK)and myoglobin (Mb) that may occur when resistive forces were based on total-body mass (TBM) or fat-free mass (FFM). STUDY ONEIndices of mechanical power output were obtained from twelve subjects during high intensity leg cycle ergometry tests (20 second duration; 75 grams per kilogram total-body mass) using two protocols:one with a standard handle-bar grip (with - grip), and one with supinated wrists (without - grip). Peak mechanical power, mean mechanical power, fatigue index and total mechanical work values were calculated for each subject during each test, and the sample mean differences associated with the two protocols were compared using paired Student t-tests. The with-grip protocol yielded significantly greater peak mechanical power output and greater fatigue index than the without - grip protocol(886 ± 124 W vs 815 ± 151 W, respectively; and 35 ± 10% vs 25 ±8%, respectively ; P < 0.05}. The electrical activity of the anterior forearm musculature was measured in the twelfth subject during the performance of each of the test protocol in an initial attempt to quantify any differences in muscular activity between protocols. While peak mechanical power output was greater during the with - grip protocol,than during the without - grip protocol, the electromyographs showed much greater forearm muscle activity during the with - grip protocol. Thus the protocol which allowed for the greatest measure of peak leg power output was also associated with considerable arm muscle activity. These findings should be considered when blood samples are taken from the arm for the biochemical analysis of cycling tasks. STUDY TWOStudy two compared the maximal exercise performance of 10 men during friction braked cycle ergometry of 20 s duration when resistive forces reflected total-body mass (TBM) or fat-free mass (FFM). Fat mass was calculated from the sum of skinfold thicknesses. Increases(P < 0.05) in peak power output (PPO) were found between TBM and FFM (1015 ± 165 W TBM vs 1099 ± 172 W FFM). Decreases (P <0.05) were observed for the time taken to reach PPO (3.8 ± 1.4 s TBMvs 2.9 ± 1 s FFM). Pedal velocity increased (P < 0.05) during the FFM protocol (129.4 ± 8.2 rpm TBM vs 136.3 ± SrpmFFM). Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was also (P < 0.05) greater for FFM (18.4 ± 1.6 TBM vs 19.8 ± 0.4 FFM). No changes were found for Mean Power Output (MPO), fatigue index (FI) or Work Done(WD) between trials. These findings suggest that high intensity resistive force loading protocols may need to be reconsidered. Results from this study indicate that the active tissue component of body composition needs consideration in resistive force selection when ascertaining maximal cycle ergometer power profiles. STUDY THREEThe purpose of study three was to compare the sympathoadrenergic and blood lactate responses to maximal exercise performance during 30s cycle ergometry when resistive forces were dependent on total-bodymass (TBM) and fat-free mass (FFM). Correlations (P < 0.05) were recorded between PPOs, and immediate post-exercise noradrenaline concentrations for both the TBM and FFM protocols. Increases (P < 0.05) in the concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline and lactate from rest to immediately post exercise were observed for both the TBM and FFM protocols, with decreases in concentration noted (P < 0.05) immediately post to 24 h post exercise (see table 6.3). There were no differences (P > 0.05) recorded between TBM and FFM during any of the blood sampling stages. These results are interesting when we consider that with increases in PPO recorded for the FFM protocol there were no differences between protocols in the estimation of neurophysiological and metabolic stress as determined by plasmaadrenaline, noradrenaline and blood lactate concentrations. STUDY FOUR. Study four compared power outputs, and blood levels of, lipidhydroperoxides (LH), malondialdehyde (MDA), creatine kinase (CK), myoglobin (Mb) and lactate ([La-]g) following 30 s of maximal cycleergometry exercise when resistive forces were dependent on total-bodymass (TBM) or fat-free mass (FFM). Alpha-tocopherol, Retinol and uric acid concentrations were also measured to quantify the activity of selected antioxidants. Cardiac troponin concentrations (cTnl) were also determined to exclude protein leakage from the myocardium. Increases in CK activity was recorded from rest to immediately post exercise during both the TBM and FFM protocols (P < 0.05 ; P < 0.05 respectively) and decreased from immediately post to 24 h post exercise during the FFM protocol only. LH increased from rest to immediately post exercise for both the TBM and FFM protocol (P < 0.05 ; P < 0.05 respectively) and decreased 24 h post exercise for both protocols. Differences in LH concentrations were also observed immediately post exercise between the TBM and FFM protocols (P < 0.05). Increases in MDA concentrations were recorded from rest to immediately post exercise for TBM (P < 0.05), with a decrease recorded from immediate post to 24 h post exercise. Differences in MDA concentrations were recorded between the TBM and FFM protocol immediately post exercise. Differences in TBM and FFM concentrations were also recorded immediately post exercise for Mb (P < 0.05). Blood lactate values([La~]B) increased (P < 0.05) from rest, to immediately post exercise,and returned to resting values 24 h post exercise for both the TBM and FFM. Alpha-tocopherol and uric acid concentrations decreased from rest to immediately post exercise for both TBM and FFM protocols (P < 0.05 ; P < 0.05 respectively) and increased 24 h post exercise. There were no changes observed in Retinol concentrations for any of the blood sampling stages. The results of the study suggest that greater power outputs are obtainable with significantly less muscle damage and oxidative stress when resistive forces reflect FFM mass during loading procedures. This finding may also be related to better force velocity relationships observed for the FFM protocol, ie more efficient mechanics of movement which may result in less strain, and therefore less internal damage. Findings from the study indicate that procedures that produce greater power values, with no difference in stress response, that are less damaging to muscle tissue and relate to the active tissue during this type of exercise, may need to be explored in preference to loading procedures that include both lean and fat masses.
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Magoffin, Ryan Darin. "The Effect of Whole Body Vibration on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage and Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6217.

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Current scientific evidence suggests that when whole body vibration (WBV) is used as a warm-up prior to performing eccentric exercise, delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is mitigated and strength loss recovers faster. These benefits were observed primarily in nonresistance-trained individuals. The aim of this study was to determine if WBV could mitigate soreness and expedite strength recovery for resistance-trained individuals when used as a warm-up prior to eccentric exercise. Thirty resistance-trained males completed 300 maximal eccentric contractions of the quadriceps after warming up with (WBV) or without (CON) WBV. Both CON and WBV experienced significant isometric (27.8% and 30.5%, respectively) and dynamic (52.2% and 47.1%, respectively) strength loss immediately postexercise. Isometric strength was significantly depressed after 24 hours in the CON group (9.36% p < 0.01), but not in the WBV group (5.8% p = 0.1). Isometric strength was significantly depressed after 48 hours in the CON group (7.18% p < 0.05), but not in the WBV group (4.02% p = 0.25). Dynamic strength was significantly decreased in both the CON and WBV groups both at 24 hours (19.1% p < 0.001, and 16.1% p < 0.001, respectively), 48 hours (18.5% p < 0.01, and 14.5% p < 0.03), and 1 week postexercise (9.3% p = 0.03, and 3.5%, respectively). Pain as measured by visual analog scale (VAS) was significant in both CON and WBV groups at 24 and 48 hours postexercise, but the WBV experienced significantly less soreness than the CON group after 24 hours (28 mm vs. 46 mm p < 0.01 respectively), and 48 hours (38 mm vs. 50 mm p < 0.01). Pain as measured by pain pressure threshold (PPT) increased significantly in both groups after 24 and 48 hours, but there was no difference in severity of perceived soreness. The use of WBV as a warm-up may mitigate DOMS but does not appear to expedite the recovery of strength in the days following eccentric exercise in resistance-trained individuals.
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Books on the topic "Muscle power"

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L, Jones Norman, McCartney Neil 1952-, McComas Alan J, and McMaster International Symposium on Human Muscle Power (1984), eds. Human muscle power. Champaign, Ill: Human Kinetics Publishers, 1986.

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Gunnell, John. Muscle car: The art of power. Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 2008.

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Anand, Anil. Submarine Propulsion: Muscle Power to Nuclear. India: Frontier India Technology, 2016.

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Cheetham, Craig. Power cars: High-performance machines. Hoo: Grange, 2003.

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Hatfield, Frederick C. Power: A scientific approach. Chicago: Contemporary Books, 1989.

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Raw power!: Building strength and muscle naturally. San Diego, Calif: Maul Brothers Publishing, 1998.

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Power cars: The world of muscle cars. Leicester: Magna Books, 1988.

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Bryant, Cedric X. How to develop muscular power. Grand Rapids, Mich: Masters Press, 1988.

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Basedow, John. Fitness made simple: The power to change your body, the power to change your life. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2008.

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Small, Laird. GolfCordz: The power source : an exercise program for the golfer to improve their muscular strength, endurance, flexibility and power while preventing injuries. Pacific Grove, Calif: M.J.F. Pub., 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Muscle power"

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Sheshka, Raman, and Lev Truskinovsky. "Power-Stroke-Driven Muscle Contraction." In The Mathematics of Mechanobiology, 117–207. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45197-4_4.

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Andersen, Jesper Løvind, and Per Aagaard. "Muscle power training in soccer." In Science and Football VIII, 5–12. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2016. | Papers originally presented at the 8th World Congress on Science and Football held May 20–23, 2015, in Copenhagen, Denmark.: Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315670300-2.

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Drey, Michael, and Jürgen M. Bauer. "Measurement of Muscle Strength and Power." In Sarcopenia, 226–37. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118338032.ch16.

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Christensen, Douglas A. "Muscle, Leverage, Work, Energy and Power." In Introduction to Biomedical Engineering, 87–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01636-3_7.

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Piazzesi, Gabriella, Marco Linari, and Vincenzo Lombardi. "Kinetics of Regeneration of Cross-Bridge Power Stroke in Shortening Muscle." In Mechanism of Myofilament Sliding in Muscle Contraction, 691–701. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2872-2_61.

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Mohamad Saadon, Nurul Salwani, Nur Azah Hamzaid, Nazirah Hasnan, Muhammad Afiq Dzulkifli, Mira Teoh, Kok Beng Gan, and Glen M. Davis. "Muscle Oxygen Saturation Correlates with Muscle Mechanomyography During Prolonged Electrical Stimulation-Evoked Wrist Extension Exercise." In 10th International Conference on Robotics, Vision, Signal Processing and Power Applications, 101–7. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6447-1_13.

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Curtin, Nancy A., and Roger C. Woledge. "Power and Efficiency: How to get the Most Out of Striated Muscle." In Mechanism of Myofilament Sliding in Muscle Contraction, 729–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2872-2_64.

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Sugi, Haruo, Tsuyoshi Akimoto, Shigeru Chaen, Takuya Miyakawa, Masaru Tanokura, and Hiroki Minoda. "Chapter 1 Electron Microscopic Visualization and Recording of ATP-Induced Myosin Head Power Stroke Producing Muscle Contraction Using the Gas Environmental Chamber." In Muscle Contraction and Cell Motility, 1–34. Penthouse Level, Suntec Tower 3, 8 Temasek Boulevard, Singapore 038988: Pan Stanford Publishing Pte. Ltd., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315364674-2.

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Thomsett, Michael C. "Flexing Your Muscle: The Power of Options Close to Expiration." In Options for Swing Trading, 165–78. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137344113_9.

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Lung, Chi-Wen, Tse-Yu Cheng, Yih-Kuen Jan, Hsin-Chieh Chen, and Ben-Yi Liau. "Electromyographic Assessments of Muscle Activation Patterns During Driving a Power Wheelchair." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 705–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41694-6_68.

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Conference papers on the topic "Muscle power"

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Chen, Siqing, and He Xu. "Modeling, Analysis, and Function Extension of the McKibben Hydraulic Artificial Muscles." In BATH/ASME 2020 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2020-2741.

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Abstract Compared with rigid robots, flexible robots have soft and extensible bodies enforcing their abilities to absorb shock and vibration, hence reducing the impact of probable collisions. Due to their high adaptability and minimally invasive features, soft robots are used in various fields. The McKibben hydraulic artificial muscles are the most popular soft actuator because of the controllability of hydraulic actuator and high force to weight ratio. When its deformation reaches a certain level, the actuators can be stopped automatically without any other braking mechanism. The research of McKibben hydraulic artificial muscles is beneficial to the theoretical analysis of soft actuators in the mechanical system. The design of soft actuators with different deformations promotes the development of soft robots. In this paper, a static modeling of the McKibben hydraulic artificial muscles is established, and its correctness is verified by theoretical analysis and experiment. In this model, the deformation mechanism of the artificial muscle and the law of output force is put forward. The relationship between muscle pressure, load, deformation, and muscle design parameters is presented through the mechanical analysis of the braid, elastic tube, and sealed-end. The law of the muscle deformation with high pressure is predicted. The reason for the muscle’s tiny elongation with extremely high pressure is found through the analysis of the relationship between the angle of the braid, the length of single braided thread, and the pressure. With the increase of pressure, the angle of the braid tends to a fixed value. As the stress of braided thread increases, so does its length. The length changes obviously when the stress is extremely enormous. The angle of the braid and the length of the braided thread control the deformation of artificial muscles, resulting in a slight lengthening with extreme high pressure. Under normal pressure, the length of the braided wire is negligible, so that the entire muscle becomes shorter. According to the modeling and theoretical analysis, a new McKibben hydraulic artificial muscle that can elongate under normal rising pressure is designed. This artificial muscle can grow longer with pressure increases, eventually reaching its maximum length. During this time, its diameter barely changes. Its access pressure is higher than that of conventional elongated artificial muscles. Through experiments, the relationship between the muscle deformation, pressure, and load still conform to this theoretical model. This model can be used for the control of soft actuators and the design of new soft robots. This extensional McKibben hydraulic artificial muscles and the conventional McKibben hydraulic artificial muscles can be used in the bilateral control of soft robots.
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Ueda, Jun, Moiz Hyderabadwala, Ming Ding, Tsukasa Ogasawara, Vijaya Krishnamoorthy, and Minoru Shinohara. "Individual Muscle Control Using an Exoskeleton Robot for Muscle Function Testing." In ASME 2009 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2009-2675.

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A functionality test at the level of individual muscles by investigating the activity of a muscle of interest on various tasks may enable muscle-level force grading. This paper proposes a new method for muscle function tests using an exoskeleton robot for obtaining a wider variety of muscle activity data than standard motor tasks, e.g., pushing a handle by his/her hand. A computational algorithm systematically computes control commands to a wearable robot with actuators (an exoskeleton robot, or a power-assisting device) so that a desired muscle activation pattern for target muscle forces is induced. This individual muscle control method enables users (e.g., therapists) to efficiently conduct neuromuscular function tests for target muscles by arbitrarily inducing muscle activation patterns. Simulation results justify the use of an exoskeleton robot for muscle function testing in terms of the variety of muscle activity data.
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Dorn, Tim W., Yi-Chung Lin, Anthony G. Schache, and Marcus G. Pandy. "Which Muscles Power the Human Running Stride?" In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80065.

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Running is a physically demanding activity that requires explosive delivery of muscle power to the ground during stance, and precise, yet rapid limb coordination during swing. In particular, as running speed increases, greater metabolic energy in the form of muscle mechanical work is required to power the motion of: i) the center-of-mass (i.e., external power); and ii) the individual limb segments (i.e., internal power) [1,2]. The purpose of this study was to quantify the contributions that individual muscles make to the external and internal power of the body across a range of running speeds so as to identify the key muscle groups in coordinating a full running stride.
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Syafriandi, Dova, and Donie. "Contribution of Power Floating Muscle and Power Floating Arm Muscle on Smash Ability." In 1st International Conference of Physical Education (ICPE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200805.037.

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Slightam, Jonathon E., and Mark L. Nagurka. "Theoretical Modeling, Analysis, and Experimental Results of a Hydraulic Artificial Muscle Prototype." In ASME/BATH 2019 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2019-1654.

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Abstract Fluidic braided artificial muscles have been studied for close to seventy years. Their high power-to-weight ratio and force-to-weight ratio make them a desirable actuation technology for compact and lightweight mobile manipulation. Use of hydraulics with fluidic artificial muscles has helped realize high actuation forces with new potential applications. To achieve large actuation forces produced from high internal pressure, artificial muscles operate near the limitations of their mechanical strength. Design improvements and future applications in mechanical systems will benefit from detailed theoretical analysis of the fluidic artificial muscle mechanics. This paper presents the theoretical modeling of a hydraulic artificial muscle, analysis of its mechanics, and experimental results that validate the model. A prototype is analyzed that operates at 14 MPa and can generate up to 6.3 kN of force and a displacement of 21.5 mm. This model promises to be useful for mechanical system design and model-based control.
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Hakansson, Nils A., and Maury L. Hull. "Influence of Pedaling Rate on Muscle Mechanical Energy in Low Power Recumbent Pedaling Using Forward Dynamic Simulations." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35108.

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An understanding of the muscle power contributions to the crank and limb segments in recumbent pedaling would be useful in the development of rehabilitative pedaling exercises. The objectives of this work were to (i) develop a forward dynamic model to simulate low-power pedaling in the recumbent position, (ii) use the model to quantify the power contributions of the muscles to driving the crank and limb segments, and (iii) determine whether there were differences in the muscle power contributions required to simulate recumbent pedaling at three different pedaling rates. A forward dynamic model was used to determine the individual muscle excitation amplitude and timing to drive simulations that best replicated experimental kinematics and kinetics of recumbent pedaling. The segment kinematics, pedal reaction forces, and electromyograms (EMG) of 10 muscles of the right leg were recorded from 16 subjects as they pedaled a recumbent ergometer at 40, 50, and 60 rpm and a constant 50 W workrate. Intersegmental joint moments were computed using inverse dynamics and the muscle excitation onset and offset timing were determined from the EMG data. All quantities were averaged across ten cycles for each subject and averaged across subjects. The model-generated kinematic and kinetic quantities tracked almost always within 1 SD of the experimental data for all three pedaling rates. The uniarticular hip and knee extensors generated 65 percent of the total mechanical work in recumbent pedaling. The triceps surae muscles transferred power from the limb segments to the crank and the bi-articular muscles that crossed the hip and knee delivered power to the crank during the leg transitions between flexion and extension. The functions of the individual muscles did not change with pedaling rate, but the mechanical energy generated by the knee extensors and hip flexors decreased as pedaling rate increased. By varying the pedaling rate, it is possible to manipulate the individual muscle power contributions to the crank and limb segments in recumbent pedaling and thereby design rehabilitative pedaling exercises to meet specific objectives.
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Ding, Ming, Yuichi Kurita, Jun Ueda, and Tsukasa Ogasawara. "Pinpointed Muscle Force Control Taking Into Account the Control DOF of Power-Assisting Device." In ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2010-4102.

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The demand for rehabilitation robots is increasing for the upcoming aging society. Power-assisting devices are considered promising for enhancing the mobility of senior citizen and people with disability. Other potential applications are for muscle rehabilitation and sports training. Various power-assisting devices have been developed for supporting the human joint torque in factory. The main focus of our research is to propose a Pinpointed Muscle Force Control (PMFC) method to control the load of selected muscles by using power-assisting device, thus enabling pinpointed motion support, rehabilitation, and training by explicitly specifying the target muscles. In past research, we have made some achievements. However, using the past control method, all joint torque need to be controlled individually. Limited by the current technology, it is difficult to develop such power-assisting device. In this paper, we developed the muscle force control method by taking into account the control DOF of power-assisting device. Using this method, any existing power-assisting device can be used to realize PMFC, even if this device cannot control all joint torque individually. The validity of this advanced PMFC method and the effects from the control DOF are confirmed in simulation and experiments.
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Shen, Xiangrong, and Daniel Christ. "A Monopropellant-Powered Muscle Actuation System." In ASME 2010 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2010-4066.

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This paper describes the design and control of a new monopropellant-powered muscle actuation system for robotic systems, especially the mobile systems inspired by biological principles. Based on the pneumatic artificial muscle, this system features a high power density, as well as characteristics similar to biological muscles. By introducing the monopropellant as the energy storage media, this system utilizes the high energy density of liquid fuel and provides a high-pressure gas supply with a simple structure in a compact form. This addresses the limitations of pneumatic supplies on mobile devices and thus is expected to facilitate the future application of artificial muscles on bio-robotic systems. In this paper, design of the monopropellant-powered muscle actuation system is presented as well as a robust controller design that provides effective control for this highly nonlinear system. To demonstrate the proposed muscle actuation system, an experimental prototype was constructed on which the proposed control algorithm provides good tracking performance.
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Slack, Paul S., and Xianghong Ma. "Determination of Muscle Fatigue Using Dynamically Embedded Signals." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-34287.

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There is concern associated with the duration that a microsurgeon operates. Muscle fatigue can present itself over time and adversely affect the surgeon’s ability to perform appropriately during lengthy procedures. This paper explores a new method of analyzing muscle fatigue within the muscles predominantly used during micro-surgery. The captured Electro-MyoGraphic (EMG) data retrieved from these muscles are analyzed for any defining patterns relating to muscle fatigue. The analysis consists of dynamically embedding the EMG signals from a single muscle channel into an embedded matrix. The muscle fatigue is determined by defining its entropy characterized by the singular values of the Dynamical Embedded (DE) matrix. The paper compares this new method with the traditional method of using mean frequency shifts in EMG signal’s power spectral density. Linear regressions are fitted to the results from both methods, and the coefficient of variation of both their slope and point of intercept are determined. It is shown that the complexity method is more robust in that the coefficient of variation for the DE method has lower variability than the conventional method of mean frequency analysis.
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Sutter, Thomas M., Terry S. Creasy, Matthew B. Dickerson, and Ryan S. Justice. "Power Response of a Muscle Actuator Driven by a Regenerative, Enzymatic Pressurization Mechanism." In ASME 2013 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2013-3098.

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Inspired by the characteristics of biological muscles, rubber muscle actuators (RMAs) are lightweight and compliant structures that deliver high power/weight ratios and are currently under investigation for use in soft robotics, prosthetics, and specialized aircraft. RMA actuation is accomplished by inflating the structure’s air bladder, which results in the contraction of the muscle. In this proceedings paper, we describe the use of gaseous products from enzymatically-catalyzed reactions to pressurize and drive the motion of RMAs. Specifically, this paper details the power envelope of RMAs driven by the urease-catalyzed production of CO2, under dynamic loading conditions. The use of enzymatically catalyzed, gas-producing reactions is advantageous for powering RMAs, as these systems may be self-regulating and self-regenerating. Reaction design parameters for sizing the gas source to RMA power requirements and power envelope results are reported for gas-powered actuator dynamics tested on a linear motion test assembly. The power response to increasing loads reflects the partial pressure over the reaction slurry; therefore, the chemistry and reactor scale affect the entire structure’s efficiency. We outline the reactor space-time design constraints that facilitate a tailored power response for urease catalyzed gas generation sources.
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Reports on the topic "Muscle power"

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Kraemer, William J. Strategies for Optimizing Strength, Power, and Muscle Hypertrophy in Women. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada348669.

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Jiménez-Lupión, Daniel, Daniel Jerez-Mayorga, Luis Javier Chirosa-Ríos, and Darío Martínez-García. Effect of muscle power training on fall risk in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.12.0073.

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Review question / Objective: P: Older adults; I: Power training; C: Other type of exercise program; O: Fall Risk. Objective: To describe the effectiveness of muscle power training on fall risk in older adults. Condition being studied: Healthy older adults or those with different pathologies who undergo a muscle power training program for the prevention of falls. Eligibility criteria: Inclusion Criteria: Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT); Adults over 60 years of age, living independently in the community without disabilities and other diseases that make them unsuitable for exercise interventions; muscle power training of the lower limbs, without combining it with other types of exercise; Outcome: Fall Risk. Exclusion Criteria: Studies that used ergogenic drugs or aids; studies that manipulated diet; conference presentations, theses, books, editorials, review articles, and expert opinions; missing full text or incomplete data on outcome indicators.
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Kraemer, William J. Strategies for Optimizing Strength, Power, and Muscle Hypertrophy in Women: Contribution of Upper Body Resistance Training. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada371349.

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Using special-preparatory exercises with poundage for speed-power endurance of legs muscles development among racing skiers. Nikita N. Soshnikov, Aleksey G. Batalov, Anzhelika V. Lunina, June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14526/2070-4798-2019-14-2-16-21.

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Some complex approaches to training micro-cycles formation among cadetsweightlifters taking into account biotypes. Ilyas N. Ibragimov, Zinaida M. Kuznetsova, Ilsiyar Sh. Mutaeva, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14526/2070-4798-2021-16-1-39-46.

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Training cadets-weightlifters at all stages has a multipurpose orientation, that is why it is important to define and plan a rational combination of the training means use. Distribution of such micro structures in the cycle of training, as the days, months of training, provides effective volume, intensity and other values of physical load distribution. The structure of training cadets-weightlifters is based on taking into account the regularities and principles of sports training as the condition for physical readiness and working capacity increase. Any power oriented sports demands components characteristics in the structure of micro cycles. We consider the methodology of the training lessons organization by the example of the micro cycle of training taking into account bioenergetic profile of cadets-weightlifters. We revealed the necessity to distribute the macro cycle to structural components as the condition for the effectiveness of different variants of the training effects distribution. Materials and methods. We analyzed the range of training lessons among cadets-weightlifters in order to create the variants of gradual training problems solution according to the kinds of training. We analyzed training programs of cadets taking into consideration the level of readiness and their bioenergetic profiles. We created the content of the training work in the micro cycle of the preparatory period for cadets-weightlifters with different bioenergetic profiles. The main material of the research includes the ratio of the training effects volume in one micro cycle taking into account cadets’ bioenergetic profile. Cadets-weightlifters from Tyumen Higher Military-Engineering Command College (military Institute) took part in the research (Tyumen, Russia). Results. We created the content of the training work by the example of one micro cycle for cadets-weightlifters taking into account bioenergetic profile. The created variant of the training loads structure includes the main means of training taking into account the kind of training. Realization orientation in five regimens of work fulfillment with the effectiveness estimation of a total load within one lesson and a week in general is estimated according to a point system. Conclusion. The created variant of a micro cycle considers kinds of training realization taking into account the percentage of the ratio. Taking into account bioenergetic profiles helps to discuss strong and weak sides of muscle activity energy supply mechanisms. We consider the ability to fulfill a long-term aerobic load among the representatives of the 1st and the 2nd bioenergetic profiles. The representatives of the 3rd and the 4th biotype are inclined to fulfill the mixed load. The representatives of the 5th biotype are characterized by higher degree of anaerobic abilities demonstration. The technology of planning the means taking into account the regimens of work realization with point system helps to increase physical working capacity and rehabilitation processes in cadets’ organisms.
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